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Objective To compare the clinically significant prostate cancer (csPC)-detecting results of transperineal and transrectal targeted biopsy (TPTB and TRTB, respectively) by performing matching analysis. Patients and Methods This study has used the PC and prostate biopsy database from the Turkish Urooncology Association. A total of 1143 patients with Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) with >= 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and who had received a software-guided transperineal/transrectal MRI/transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion prostate biopsy with concomitant standard systematic 12-core biopsy were included in this study. csPC detection rates of the TP and TR approaches were compared following Mahalanobis distance matching within propensity score caliper method. The following four variables were selected as covariates for the matching procedure: age, digital rectal examination findings, PSA density, and the index lesion PI-RADS score. Results The matched sample included 508 TR and 276 TP patients. In both the TP and the TR groups, targeted biopsy was superior to systematic biopsy in detecting csPC (27.5% vs. 24.6%, p < 0.001 and 19.5% vs. 16.3%, p < 0.0001, respectively). Both TPTB and TP systematic biopsy was found to be superior to TRTB and TR systematic biopsy in terms of csPC detection (27.5% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.012 and 24.6% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.006). In patients with an anterior index lesion, an apical index lesion, and a larger prostate, the superiority of TPTB to TRTB was found to be more prominent in terms of csPC detection (37.8% vs. 18.3%, p = 0.044; 34.6% vs. 14.7%, p = 0.002; and 25% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.033, respectively). Conclusion Targeted biopsy was found to be superior to systematic biopsy in detecting csPC in both the TP and the TR approaches. The TP approach is preferred because of its clear superiority in detecting csPC in targeted biopsy, especially in patients with anterior and apical lesions and with larger prostates.

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of histopathological and biochemical parameters in the prediction of the presence and number of PSMA positive lesions consistent with the metastatic spread of prostate cancer on Ga-68-PSMA PET images. Methods Biochemical, histopathological and imaging data of 302 prostate cancer patients who underwent Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT or PET/MR imaging for primary staging were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups as "PET positive" and "PET negative" according to the presence of pathologic extraprostatic PSMA involvement. "PET positive" patients were additionally divided into two groups: oligometastatic (1-3 metastatic lesion) and multimetastatic (>3 metastatic lesions). Results The mean age of patients was 66.8 +/- 7.6 years. Imaging modality was PET/MR in 223 (73.8%) and PET/CT in 79 (26.2%) of patients. Total PSA, PSA density (PSAD), ALP, and tumor ratio in biopsy specimens were found to be significantly higher in "PET positive" group compared to "PET negative" group and in multimetastatic group compared to oligometastatic group. PET positivity was observed in 3.8% of the low-intermediate risk groups (ISUP 1-3 and total PSA 20 ng/ml or PSAD >= 0.15 ng/ml/cc) with a relative risk of 12 (p < .001). The prediction models to predict the PET positivity and the presence of distant metastasis had AUCs of 0.901 and 0.925, respectively; with ALP, total PSA, and tumor ratio in needle biopsy specimen as significant independent predictors (p < .05). Conclusions In this study, Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET positivity was significantly higher in the high-risk patient group than in the low-intermediate risk groups. The prediction models used for predicting the PET positivity and the presence of distant metastasis on PET imaging were successful with high discriminatory powers. In addition to total PSA and ISUP GG, ALP and tumor ratio in biopsy specimens can be used to identify high-risk patients.

Objective: To determine whether clinical or radiological parameters can predict clinically significant prostate cancer (csPC) in patients with the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 3 lesions. Patients and Methods: Data were obtained from 247 patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions on mpMRI and who had received a soft-ware guided transperineal/transrectal MRI/transrectal ultrasonography (MRI/TRUS) fusion prostate biopsy with concomitant standard systematic 12-core biopsy following mpMRI in the prostate cancer and prostate biopsy database of Turkish Uroon-cology Association, between 2016 and 2020. The cut-off values of clinical parameters were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the clinical parameters in predicting csPC. Results: A total of 56 patients (22.6%) had prostate cancer, 23 (9.3%) of whom had csPC. In the lesion-based analysis, cancer detection rates (CDRs) of each lesion in targeted biopsy were found to be 6% and 5% for ISUP GG 1 and ISUP GG >= 2, respectively. In the patient-based analysis, clinically insignificant CDRs were significantly higher in systematic biopsy compared with targeted biopsy, whereas no significant difference was found in terms of clinically significant CDRs (p = 0.020 and p=0.422, respectively). The cut-off values were determined as 48.3 mL (AUC [95% CI] = 0.68 [0.53-0.82]) for prostate volume, and 0.213 ng/mL/mL (AUC [95% CI] = 0.64 (0.51-0.77]) for PSAD in predicting csPC. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, only PSAD was found to be an independent risk factor in predicting csPC (OR [95% CI]: 3.56 [1.15-10.91], p = 0.024). Conclusion: Since PSAD > 0.20 ng/mL/mL was found to be positive independent risk factor in predicting csPC, in the absence of advanced radiological parameters, PSAD could be used for the biopsy decision in patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions.

Introduction: The main target in the treatment of proximal ureteral stones (PUS) is to provide a high stone-free rate (SFR) with low morbidity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the need for flexible ureteroscopy (URS) by retrospectively examining one surgeon’s two-year experience of URS for PUS in a center where the flexible ureteroscope and holmium laser lithotriptor are available. Patients and methods: The medical records of all patients who underwent URS due to PUS by a single surgeon from November 2016 to November 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Success was accepted as patient with no stones or clinically insignificant residual fragments ( 5 cm to UPJ, two of nine stones required the use of flexible URS. 34 of 40 stones with a distance of

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), overactive bladder (OAB) and urinary incontinence (UI) with age, diabetic complications and glycaemic control in diabetic women. Materials and Methods: A total of 81 women diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus were included in the study. Demographic characteristics including age, height and weight of patients, full medical history, urine culture, serum creatinine levels and glycaemic control parameters including serum fasting blood glucose levels, serum satiety blood glucose levels and serum HbA1c levels. Turkish version of the OAB-V8, urinary distress inventory-6 (UDI-6), incontinence impact questionnaire (IIQ-7) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) were applied. Results: The mean age was 58.6±11.8 years. Thirty-five (43.2%) of the patients had diabetes-related complications. There was no statistically significant relationship between OAB-V8, UDI-6, IPSS, IIQ-7 questionnaire scores and glycaemic control parameters, age, and presence of diabetic complications. Conclusion: To better understand the etiopathogenesis of diabetic bladder dysfunction and related complications including LUTS, OAB and UI, we need randomized controlled studies with a greater number of patients. Amaç: Bu çalışmada, diyabetik kadınlarda alt üriner sistem semptomları (AÜSS), aşırı aktif mesane (AAM) ve üriner inkontinans (Üİ) ile yaş, diyabetik komplikasyonlar ve glisemik kontrol arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Diabetes Mellitus tanısı konan toplam 81 kadın hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş, boy ve kilosunu içeren demografik verileri, tam tıbbi öyküsü, idrar kültürü, serum kreatinin ile serum açlık kan şekeri, serum tokluk kan şekeri ve serum HbA1c seviyelerini içeren glisemik kontrol parametreleri kaydedildi. Hastalara AAM-V8, üriner distress envanteri-6 (ÜDE-6), inkontinans etkisi anketi (İEA-7) ve Uluslararası Prostat Semptom Skoru (UPSS) sorgulama formlarının valide edilmiş Türkçe versiyonları uygulandı. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 58,6±11,8 yıl idi. Hastaların 37’sinde (%43,2) diyabetle ilişkili komplikasyonlar vardı. AAM-V8, ÜDE-6, UPSS, İEA-7 anket puanları ile glisemik kontrol parametreleri, yaş ve diyabetik komplikasyonların varlığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı. Sonuç: Diyabetik mesane disfonksiyonu etyopatogenezi ile AÜSS, AAM ve Üİ gibi ilgili komplikasyonları daha iyi anlamak için, daha fazla sayıda hasta ile yapılacak randomize kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

To compare systematic biopsy with MRI-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy in terms of cancer detection rates.The data of the patients who had a Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score of 3 or more lesions on mpMRI and underwent MRI-TRUS fusion biopsy with simultaneous 12-core standard systematic biopsy from June 2016 to June 2019 in our tertiary center were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, radiological and pathological data were recorded. Statistical difference among the groups was determined by using McNemar tests.A total of 344 patients were included in the study. As a result of transrectal targeted and systematic combined biopsy, 117 patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Benign pathology rates in patients with PI-RADS 3, PI-RADS 4, and PI-RADS 5 lesions were 93.8%, 68.5%, and 46.4%, respectively. Patients were divided into two groups as ISUP grade 1 and ISUP grade ≥2 and cancer detection rates (CDRs) were found significantly higher in transrectal targeted biopsy compared with the systematic biopsy (12.5% vs. %6.4, p=0.007 and 17.4% vs. 8.7%, p0.001, respectively). Targeted biopsy CDRs were found significantly higher in the high PSA density group (24.5% vs. 41.4%, p=0.001) unlike the systematic biopsy.Transrectal targeted biopsy was superior to systematic biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Clinicians should be more selective when making a biopsy decision for patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions. PSA density can be used as a criterion for patient selection for targeted biopsy.Comparar la biopsia sistemática próstata con fusión de resonancia transrectal vs la biopsia prostática sistemática, en términos de detección de cáncer de próstata.PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Los datos de pacientes con RNM y PIRADS (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System) 3 o más y que recibieron una biopsia prostática transrectal con biopsia simultanea de 12 cilindros sistemática entre junio 2016 y junio 2019 en nuestro centro académico fueron retrospectivamente revisados. Los datos radiológicos, clínicos y patológicos fueron también revisados. La diferencia estadística entre los grupos fue determinada utilizando los tests de McNemar.Un total de 344 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio. Como resultado de la biopsia transrectal sistemática y dirigida, 117 pacientes fueron diagnosticados de cáncer de próstata. Las tasas de patología benigna en pacientes con PIRADS 3, PIRADS 4 y PIRADS 5 fueron de 93,8%, 68,5%, y 46,4%, respectivamente. Los pacientes fueron divididos en 2 grupos como ISUP grado 1 y ISUP grado 2 o más, las tasas de detección de cáncer fueron superiores en los pacientes que recibieron una biopsia transrectal dirigida vs sistemática (12,5% vs. 6,4%, p=0,007 y 17,4% vs. 8,7%, p0,001, respectivamente). La detección de cáncer por biopsia dirigida fue superior en pacientes con alta densidad de PSA (24,5% vs. 41,4%, p=0,001) a diferencia de la biopsia sistemática.CONCLUSIÓN: La biopsia transrectal dirigida fue superior a la biopsia sistemática en el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata. Los clínicos deberían ser más selectivos al tomar la decisión de qué biopsia hacer en un paciente con PIRADS 3. La densidad de PSA se puede utilizar como criterio para realizar una biopsia dirigida.

Objective To observe how the nomogram, which was created by Truong et al, works in an independent patient group by performing external validation. Patients and methods One hundred and eighty-one patients who had at least one prior negative 12-core standard systematic biopsy and lesions with PI-RADS scores of 3 or higher that were detected as a result of mpMRI were included in the study. Targeted biopsy with 12-core standard systematic biopsy was performed on all patients. Clinical and pathological features of the patients were recorded. The discrimination, calibration and decision curve analysis were performed to externally validate the nomogram. Results A total of 181 patients with previous negative 12-core systematic biopsies were analysed. One hundred and thirty-four patients (74%) had benign pathology. Radiological volume and PI-RADS scores of 4 and 5 were found as independent predictors of benign pathology. The area under the curve (CI 95%) was found to be 0.80 (0.73-0.87), indicating good discrimination. The median residual was calculated as -0.0873, the intercept as -0.0690, the slope as 0.8927 and r2 as 0.2586, indicating good calibration. The standardised net benefit of follow-up decisions was found to be 0.54 and 0.36 at the probability threshold of 0.7 and 0.8, respectively. Conclusion The original model showed good discrimination and calibration with our data. Defining a high probability threshold for clinical use would be appropriate for centres with high benign biopsy rates similar to our centre.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the 68 gallium (68 Ga) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) by region-based comparison of index tumour localisations using histopathological tumour maps of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy because of clinically significant prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 64 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy after primary staging with mpMRI and 68 Ga-PSMA PET/MRI. Diagnostic analysis was performed by dividing the prostate into four anatomic regions as left/right anterior and left/right posterior. The extension of the lesions in mpMRI and the pathological uptake in 68 Ga-PSMA PET/MRI were matched separately for each region with the extension of the index tumour into each region. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and the accuracy of mpMRI and 68 Ga-PSMA PET/MRI are shown as 55.7%, 91.8%, 80.6%, 77.2%, 78.1%, and 60.8%, 94.3%, 86.8% 79.8%, 83.5%, respectively. 68 Ga-PSMA PET/MRI has higher sensitivity and specificity compared with mpMRI. However, no statistically significant difference was found (P = .464). Combined imaging had significantly higher diagnostic accuracy compared with mpMRI and 68 Ga-PSMA PET/MRI (change in AUC: 0.084 and 0.046, P

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of the Dogan nomogram in predicting stone-free (SF) rate after a single shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) session and evaluate factors that predict SWL results in children. Patients and methods The study included 68 patients under 18 years of age who had been treated with SWL for radiopaque upper urinary tract stones in our tertiary centre from January 2010 to December 2016. The median age is 50(6-207) months and median follow-up period is 9(4-50) months. Patients with known cystine stone disease, abnormal renal anatomy, urinary diversion and multiple stones located in different calyces were excluded like in the original nomogram study. SF status was evaluated by performing plain abdominal radiography and urinary ultrasonography (US) two weeks after each SWL session. Patients who were completely free of stones were considered to be SF. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the variables affecting SF status. The bootstrap method with 1000 replicates was used for the external validity of a nomogram developed by Dogan et al. Results SF rates for each SWL session were determined as 54.4% (37/68) for the first session, 33.3% (7/21) for the second session and 55.6% (5/9) for the third session. Overall, the SF rate was 72.1% (49/68). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed positive and significant correlations of age and stone size with risk of SWL failure. The external calibration plot showed a nearly good validation with Dogan nomogram to predict SWL failure in first session. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the Dogan nomogram can be used to predict the stone-free status after one session of SWL in pediatric patients.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic role of positive surgical margin (PSM) features in addition to well-defined risk factors in predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: This study used the prostate cancer database from the Urooncology Association in Turkey. Clinical, surgical, pathological and follow-up data were recorded from the database. PSM features, including number, location, linear length and Gleason grade (GG) were also recorded. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to assess differences in BCR-free survival (BCR-FS). In order to identify prognostic factors affecting BCR-FS, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed. Results: The study included 984 patients who met the eligibility criteria. The median follow-up time was 29 (minimum: 6, maximum: 210) months, and BCR was detected in 178 (18.1\%) patients. BCR-FS was found to be significantly lower in patients with higher total prostate-specific antigen, higher International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, extraprostatic extension (EPE), seminal vesicle invasion, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node involvement, PSM and GG at PSM (PSMGG) >= 4 (log-rank p= 4 was found to be significantly associated with shorter BCR-FS. There is a need for large, randomised prospective studies to clarify the role of PSMGG to be used in nomograms as an independent predictor to determine patients who would benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the 68Gallium (68Ga) - prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) by region-based comparison of index tumour localisations using histopathological tumour maps of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy due to clinically significant prostate cancer. Patients and Methods The study included 64 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy after primary staging with mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI. Diagnostic analysis was performed by dividing the prostate into four anatomic regions as left/right anterior and left/right posterior. The extension of the lesions in mpMRI and the pathological uptake in 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI were matched separately for each region with the extension of the index tumour into each region. Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and the accuracy of mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI are shown as 55.7%, 91.8%, 80.6%, 77.2%, 78.1% and 60.8%, 94.3%, 86.8% 79.8%, 83.5%, respectively. 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI has higher sensitivity and specificity compared with mpMRI. However, no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.464). Combined imaging had significantly higher diagnostic accuracy compared with mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI (change in AUC: 0.084 and 0.046, p < 0.001 and p = 0.028, respectively), while no statistically significant difference was found between mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI (change in AUC: 0.038, p = 0.246). Conclusion 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI had higher clinical diagnostic accuracy in prostate cancer compared with mpMRI. Diagnostic accuracy was significantly increased in the combined use of both imaging modalities.

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of theThe study included 64 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy after primary staging with mpMRI andThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and the accuracy of mpMRI and

Studies have shown that healthcare professionals struggling with epidemics develop symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this study is to show how often and severely erectile dysfunction, one of the components of post‐traumatic stress disorder, is seen among healthcare professionals during COVID‐19 outbreak. The Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R) and the Index of Erectile Function‐5 (IIEF‐5) were applied to 159 male healthcare professionals working in COVID‐19 units and a control group of 200 people. Healthcare professional group was divided into subgroups according to occupation (physician, nurse), age‐group (18–25, 26–30, >30), marital status and unit of work (Suspected Patient Area, Diagnosed Patient Area). Both stress disorder and erectile dysfunction were seen at higher rates in healthcare professionals group (p

To investigate the factors affecting surgical success rates and duration of operation in retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) without fluoroscopy in children. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the efficacy of RIRS without fluoroscopy on the treatment of renal stones in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All RIRS procedures were performed on pediatric patients at our clinic from August 2013 to January 2017. We studied 52 pediatric patients who had one stone in one kidney and under went one session. We mapped the kidney collecting system anatomically, and stone localization was defined according to this mapping. Size and localization of the stone, placement of preoperative J stent, use of ureteral access sheath (UAS), and surgical success rates were recorded. The effects of these factors on surgical success rates and the duration of the operations were analyzed.Each patient underwent RIRS once. Of these 52 pediatric patients, 23 (44%) were between 0-5 years of age children (Group 1), 13 (25%) were between 6-11 years of age children (Group 2), and 16 (31%) were between 11-17 years of age children (Group 3). The surgical success rates for each group were 65%, 77%, and 81%, respectively (73% overall). The surgical success rates were found to be affected only by stone size (p0.01). The durations of the operations were found to be affected by stone size, stone localization, passive dilatation of ureter, and the application of an UAS (p0.05).RIRS is a safe and effective method for the treatment of intrarenal stones in pediatric patients. High success rates can be achieved using kidney mapping without the use of fluoroscopy.Investigar los factores que afectan el éxito quirúrgico y la duración de la cirugía retrógrada intrarenal sin fluoroscopia en niños. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la eficacia de la cirugía retrógrada intrarenal sin fluorosocopia en el tratamiento de litiasis en niños. MÉTODOS: Todos los procedimientos de cirugía retrógrada intrarenal fueron realizados en pacientes pediátricos en nuestra clínica entre agosto 2013 y enero 2017. Estudiamos 52 casos pediátricos con 1 litiasis en 1 riñón y recibieron una sesión. Marcamos el sistema colector renal y la litiasis se definió según ese marcaje. El tamaño y la localización de la piedra, colocación preoperatoria del doble J, la vaina de acceso y la tasa de éxito quirúrgico fueron reportadas. Los efectos de estos factores en el éxito quirúrgico y la duración de las cirugías fueron analizados. RESULTADOS: Cada paciente recibió cirugía retrógrada una vez. De éstos 52 pacientes pediátricos, 23 (44%) tenían entre 0 y 5 años (grupo 1), 12 (25%) entre 6 y 11 años (grupo 2), 16 (31%) entre11 y 17 años (Grupo 3). El éxito quirúrgico en cada grupo fue de 65%, 77% y 81% respectivamente (73% en general). El éxito quirúrgico se vió afectado sólo por el tamaño de la litiasis (p0,01). La duración de las cirugías se vió afectada por el tamaño de la litiasis, localización de la litiasis, dilatación pasiva del uréter, y uso de la vaina de acceso (p0,05).CONCLUSIÓN: La cirugía intrarenal retrógrada es segura y efectiva en el tratamiento de litiasis intrarenales en el paciente pediátrico. Altas tasas de éxito se consiguen con el mapeo renal sin fluoroscopia.

A parameatal urethral cyst is a rare benign congenital anomaly. Approximately 50 patients with parameatal urethral cysts have been reported in the literature. These cysts are usually asymptomatic. They are recognized and diagnosed in the neonatal and early childhood periods. They are usually less than 1 cm in diameter and occur on the ventral or lateral edge of the meatus. These cysts are treated by complete excision. In this report, we present a nine-month-old boy with an asymptomatic parameatal urethral cyst who underwent surgical excision and simultaneous circumcision.

yavuz y koparal, murat/0000-0002-8347-5727 WOS: 000446097700012 PubMed: 29757575 Purpose: To investigate the prognostic role of preoperative albumin/globulin ratio (AGR) in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in localized and locally advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. Patients and Methods: 162 patients who met the criteria specified were included in the study. the DFS and OS ratios were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the prognostic factors affecting DFS and OS. Results: Median follow-up period was 27.5 (6-89) months. There was a statistically significant relationship between low AGR and high pathological tumor (pT) stage, presence of collecting system invasion, presence of tumor necrosis, and a high platelet count (p = 0.012, p = 0.01, p = 0.001, and p = 0.004, respectively). According to the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, both OS and DFS were found to be significantly lower in the low AGR group (p = 0.006 and p = 0.012). in the multivariate Cox regression analysis, collecting system invasion and tumor necrosis were found to be independent prognostic factors in predicting OS and pT stage was found to be an independent prognostic factor in predicting DFS (HR: 4.08, p = 0.043; HR: 8.64, p = 0.003 and HR: 7.78, p = 0.041, respectively). Conclusion: in our study, low AGR was found to be associated with increased mortality and disease recurrence in localized and locally advanced RCC.

Objective: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) does not occur in all patients with surgical margin (SM) positivity after radical prostatectomy (RP). The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of additional features such as length, extent and Gleason grade on BCR in the positive SM determined in patients undergoing RP in our clinic. Materials and Methods: Clinicopathologic data and SM characteristics of 56 patients with pathologic stages of pT2-3aN0M0 and surgical border positivity were recorded from patients admitted to our RP database with retropublic RP between August 2001 and January 2015 and their relationship with BCR was evaluated statistically. Results: The median follow-up time of the patients was 39.4 (13-208) months. BCR was detected in 17 (30.3%) of the patients. Prostate specific antigen levels, tumor volumes and tumor percentages were found significantly higher in the patients with BCR (p0.05). According to the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the relationship between SMGG and the time of BCR was statistically significant (p=0.04). In SMGG 5 patients, the duration of BCR development was found significantly shorter. According to multivariable Cox regression analysis none of the factors were found to be effective on BCR (p>0.05). Conclusion: SM positivity is one of the important factors for BCR. However, patients with positive SMs are quite heterogeneous and it is obvious that not all patients should be treated in the same way. It is wise to assess adjunctive SM features such as SM, length, Gleason score and grade, and decide according to the patients’ risk groups to decide on adjuvant treatment.

yavuz y koparal, murat/0000-0002-8347-5727 WOS: 000428509700007 PubMed: 29510532 In this study, we aimed to determine factors affecting the success rate of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) in children. the series consisted of 41 consecutive children operated on by the same surgical team for renal calculi with PNL between June 2002 and May 2015 in our institution. A single calyx or pelvic stone was described as simple, while calculi located in more than one location (calyx and pelvis or more than one calices) or staghorn stones were described as complex. the procedure was deemed successful if the patient was completely stone-free (SF) or had residual fragments

Kissing nevus is a rare clinical variation of the congenital melanocytic nevi located on adjacent sites of the body at which division occurs during embryogenesis. Kissing nevus is a curious type of nevus that was first described on the eyelids in 1908. These lesions are very rare on the penis; including this case, only 20 patients have been reported to date in the literature. We present one new case of kissing nevus of the penis along with histopathological findings.

Objective: Adrenal masses are often benign and rarely malignant. They may be also hormonally functional or non-functional. It is possible to treat these masses curatively with open and laparoscopic adrenalectomy. The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical, functional, oncological and surgical outcomes of patients who underwent adrenalectomy in our clinic.