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Hemp seeds aqueous extract (HSAE) was used as cheap renewable feedstocks to grow novel oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae HIMPA1 isolated from Himalayan permafrost soil. The yeast showed boosted triglyceride (TAG) accumulation in the lipid droplets (LDs) which were transesterified to biodiesel. The sonicated HSAE prepared lacked toxic inhibitors and showed enhanced total lipid content and lipid yield 55.56%, 8.39 ± 0.57 g/l in comparison to 41.92%, 6.2 ± 0.8 g/l from industrially used glucose synthetic medium, respectively. Supersized LDs (5.95 ± 1.02 μm) accumulated maximum TAG in sonicated HSAE grown cells were visualized by fluorescent BODIPY (505/515 nm) stain. GC–MS analysis revealed unique longer carbon chain FAME profile containing Arachidic acid (C20:0) 5%, Behenic acid (C22:0) 9.7%, Heptacosanoic acid (C27:0) 14.98%, for the first time in this yeast when grown on industrially competent sonicated HSAE, showing more similarity to algal oils.

Daucus carota Linn (Apiaceae), a useful vegetable, is traditionally used in treating kidney and hepatic dysfunctions.To evaluate the protective and curative potential of D. carota root extract on renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Wistar rats were selected with 8 + 8 groups (n = 6). Renal pedicles of rats were occluded for 45 min and allowed for reperfusion period. In protective and curative studies, 14 days prior and 14 days after the induction of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), rats received petroleum ether extract (PEE 250 and 500 mg/kg), fractional methanol extract (FME 250 and 500 mg/kg) and direct methanol extract (DME 250 and 500 mg/kg) of Daucus carota root, orally, once daily.PEE at a dose of 500 mg/kg significantly (p0.001) reduced the levels of serum creatinine (0.853-3.090 mg/dl), uric acid (1.300-3.500 mg/dl) and urea (58.26-132.00 mg/dl) compared to disease control. FME at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight significantly (p0.001) reduced the levels of serum creatinine (0.960-3.090 mg/dl), uric acid (1.700-3.500 mg/dl) and urea (77.17-132.00 mg/dl) compared to disease control. DME at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight significantly (p0.001) reduced the levels of serum creatinine (1.173-3.090 mg/dl), uric acid (2.267-3.500 mg/dl) and urea (84.75-132.00 mg/dl) compared to disease control.Findings demonstrate that postconditioning with the D. carota root extract significantly improves kidney function in I/R rats.

A new steroidal derivative, urs Stigmast-4, 20 (21), 23-trien-3-one and other four compounds were isolated from the leaves of Bryophyllum pinnatum. The structure of this new steroid was elucidated and established by standard spectroscopic methods. Carrageenan induced paw edema model was used for anti-inflammatory and acetic acid induced model used for analgesic activity. This new steroidal compound was found to be active in reducing inflammation (% inhibition 87.29 and 84.45 respectively) when compared with diclofenac. Further, it showed 75.72% protection in analgesic activity in acetic acid induced writhing test in mice. In conclusion the % inhibition against carrageenan induced rat paw edema and % protection against acetic acid induced writhings showed by new compound revealed that the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of aqueous extract B. pinnatum are mainly due to the presence of this steroidal compound.

The study aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of embelin that was isolated from Embelia ribes . It significantly increased the percentage of time spent and number of entries in open arm in elevated plus-maze apparatus. In light and dark model, embelin produced significant increase in time spent, number of crossing and decrease in the duration of immobility in light box. In open field test, embelin showed significant increase in number of rearing, assisted rearing and number of square crossed. On the basis of result, embelin showed its anxiolytic effect in dose-dependent manner.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer death worldwide. In this study Gatifloxacin an antimicrobial drug which has been banned due to some serious adverse effects evaluated for the other pharmacological activities. Data from the present investigation suggest that Gatifloxacin suppresses the tumors and decrease the biochemical markers which are elevated in HCC. Objective: This study is an attempt to evaluate the potential chemopreventive influence of Gatifloxacin in hepatocarcinogenic rats. Hepatocarcinogeneis was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in phosphate buffer (200 mg/kg). Results and conclusion: Experimental animals exposed to DENA caused a significant alteration in serum indices of liver enzymes glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phophatase (AP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), total proteins (TPR) and blood glucose level in tested animals. Results also revealed severe histological and immunohistochemical changes in hepatic tissues. These included disorganized hepatic parenchyma, appearance of pseudoacinar and trabecular arrays of hepatocytes and alterations in alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Administration of Gatifloxacin relatively improved the biochemical parameters to values approximating those of the normal controls. SGOT, SGPT, ALP, level was significantly decreased (p