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Through the estimated method for constraint-tuning modified-mode (CTMM), an innovative thin-disc piezoelectric ultrasonic actuator is used to drive an optical sled in this study. With four screws positioned on the thin-disc actuator at the angle distribution of 00, 900, 1800, and 3200, both modified modes of ((1, 2))Cand ((1, 1))S in vibration provide an approximate equilibrium force to push an optical sled in bilateral movement. The innovative ultrasonic actuator has the vibrator’s compact and thinner structure, a thickness of 3 millimeters, without a gearbox rather than a conventional DC sled motor. Using contact friction to drive an optical sled with quick tracking in bilateral motion, experimental results demonstrate obtaining the desired function by a proposed single-phase, bi-frequency LC resonant driving circuit as well as remaining the original sled controller. The general specification of linear speed achieves 200－300 mm/s at less power dissipation for pushing the CD652A BenQ sled drive with 1.0 N output force and 20%－33% efficiency.

A simple non-contact method is proposed for measuring the concentration of solutions. Using the significant phase difference between p- and s-polarizations of the reflected light of a surface plasmon resonance apparatus, the variation in the phase difference, which is caused by a variation in the concentration of a test solution, can be accurately measured by common path heterodyne interferometry. Then, by substituting the corresponding variation in the incident angle of light at the base of the SPR prism in a specially derived equation, the concentration of the test solution can be determined. The validity of this method was demonstrated experimentally. This method is characterized by the advantages of the device having a simple non-contact structure; it being easy to operate; and its high accuracy, stability, and resolution.

This paper proposes the design of a driver to deal with a thin-disc central supporting structure ultrasonic actuator based on the vibration modes and the equivalent circuit. In order to gain the electromechanical match at resonant frequency, a spectrum analyzer should measure admittance for driving piezoelectric ceramics. The virtual analyzer also investigated the characteristics of a MODEL-E equivalent circuit based upon the admittance-frequency response. The inherent capacitance from an ultrasonic actuator became the partial component in the design of a resonant circuit. IsSpice software is introduced to simulate as well as the experimental results has demonstrated a high agreement related to the conceptual design and practical implementation for the driving circuit.

In this paper, a statistical methodology that can be used for the optimization of the Insulator Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) devices is proposed. This is achieved by integrating the response surface method (RSM) with cluster analysis, weighted composite method and genetic algorithm (GA). The device characteristic of IGBT was simulated based upon the fabrication simulator, ATHENA, and the device simulator, ATLAS. This methodology, yielded another way to investigate the IGBT device and to make a decision in the tradeoff between the breakdown voltage and the on-resistance. In this methodology, we also show how to use cluster analysis to determine the dominant factors that are not visible in the screening of all experiments.