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Vzhľadom na každorocne rastuci objem verejných zakaziek v Ceskej republike je tema ich kvalitneho nastavenia a dosiahnuteho výsledku nanajvýs aktualna. Jedným z doležitých kvalitativnych kriterii verejneho obstaravania (VO) je miera suťaživosti, ktora, ako ukazuju domace i zahranicne studie, ovplyvňuje výslednu, vysuťaženu cenu VO. V nasej stati sme sa zamerali na vzťah miery suťaživosti a dosiahnutých uspor z VO v ceskom zdravotnictve v obdobi rokov 2014 až 2019. Nasa analýza potvrdila statisticky významný nepriamo umerný vzťah medzi poctom ponuk a výslednou cenou VO. Negativnym zistenim je fakt, že pocet ponuk a tým aj miera suťaživosti v ceskom zdravotnictve od roku 2014 klesa, co suvisi s rastucim poctom VO s jednou ponukou.

Effective public support of innovations, research and development represents one of the priorities of the European Union (EU). The aim of this paper was to examine the effectiveness of one such public programme – public support for business innovation from EU funds in Slovakia – by using selected quasi-experimental design methods on the example of the Operational Programme Competitiveness and Economic Growth for the programming period 2007 – 2013. The value added of this paper is the fact that we use the method proposed and used by the European Commission and Slovak national authorities. The “difference-in-differences” method is used to compare the changes in value added of supported firms before and after the intervention in comparison to firms that did not receive support. The results suggest that the public support from selected calls of the evaluated operational programme was effective and delivered improvements not only in the field of innovativeness and competitiveness, but also in the area of employment. The evaluated call was much more effective compared to other calls of the programme evaluated by other authors. The responses from the management body suggest that the core success factors were the contents of the call and timing.

This article analyzes the impact of devolution on the efficiency of regional museums in the Czech Republic, a country with a more than 40-year communist history. According to our results, devolutio...

The article analyzes the influence of particular instruments of the New Public Management reforms on the performance of Czech museums. We examine the impact of administrative decentralization, management autonomy, and performance management tools, using a survey, two-stage data envelopment analysis, and focus groups. Using these methods, we have been able to confirm the significative impact of administrative decentralization and substantial autonomy. However, the statistical significance of financial autonomy was not confirmed, neither was the way in which objectives are set, nor the use of quality management methods to achieve performance.

This paper deals with the analysis of the impact of the autonomy of museums founded by municipalities in the Czech Republic on selected performance areas. On a sample of 180 museums founded by municipalities, comparisons were conducted for the period 2010–2016 on the performance of museums which are autonomous entities and museums that are part of the municipal authority. For the areas of performance, there was a focus on expositions, exhibitions, attendance, publications, and technical efficiency. Data shows that autonomous museums achieve better results in most of the examined areas, confirming the theory of the positive association of autonomy on performance in the very specific environment of local museums which had not been examined in detail before.

Contracting waste management services is one of the most commonly used approaches to the delivery of this service and this topic is clearly in the focus of frequent academic research. The goal of this article is to examine trends in the area of solid waste collection and disposal on the municipal level for the Czech Republic and Slovakia in terms of developments over the past 20 years with a focus on the share of inter-municipal cooperation in the delivery of this service. In contrast to Western European countries, which are undergoing re-municipalization, the data obtained for Slovakia and the Czech Republic over 20 years show that the municipal solid waste management service is dominated by contracting, which has increased over the examined period. This fact is apparently a reflection of the high rate of fragmentation in municipal structures and the low willingness among municipalities to cooperate. The data obtained also indicate that using external suppliers seems to bring marginal savings that could certainly be substantially larger; potential increases in efficiency via contracting are unequivocally limited by the low quality of contract management. Regarding our core question, we found that the proportion of inter-municipal cooperation between service delivery modes did not significantly increase during the investigated period. The experts interviewed almost uniformly agreed on three critical limits related to the issue of inter-municipal cooperation in MSW management delivery - transaction costs of different types, non-existent regular comparisons of best solutions, and limited motivation to select optimal service delivery modes Kontrahování nakládání s odpady je jedním z nejčastěji používaných přístupů k poskytování této služby a toto téma je zjevně v centru častých akademických výzkumů. Cílem tohoto článku je prozkoumat trendy v oblasti sběru a odstraňování pevných odpadů na komunální úrovni pro Českou republiku a Slovensko z hlediska vývoje za posledních 20 let se zaměřením na podíl meziobecní spolupráce na dodání této služby. Na rozdíl od západoevropských zemí, které procházejí rekomunalizací, data získaná za Slovensko a Českou republiku za 20 let ukazují, že v nakládání s komunálním odpadem dominuje kontraktace, která ve zkoumaném období narůstá. Tato skutečnost je zřejmě odrazem vysoké míry fragmentace v obecních strukturách a nízké ochoty obcí spolupracovat. Získaná data rovněž naznačují, že využití externích dodavatelů zřejmě přináší marginální úspory, které by jistě mohly být podstatně větší; potenciální zvýšení efektivity prostřednictvím uzavírání smluv je jednoznačně omezeno nízkou kvalitou řízení zakázek. Co se týče naší základní otázky, zjistili jsme, že podíl meziobecní spolupráce mezi způsoby poskytování služeb se během zkoumaného období významně nezvýšil. Dotazovaní odborníci se téměř jednotně shodli na třech kritických limitech souvisejících s problematikou meziobecní spolupráce při dodávkách TKO – transakční náklady různých typů, neexistující pravidelná porovnávání nejlepších řešení a omezená motivace k výběru optimálních způsobů poskytování služeb. Contracting waste management services is one of the most commonly used approaches to the delivery of this service and this topic is clearly in the focus of frequent academic research. The goal of this article is to examine trends in the area of solid waste collection and disposal on the municipal level for the Czech Republic and Slovakia in terms of developments over the past 20 years with a focus on the share of inter-municipal cooperation in the delivery of this service. In contrast to Western European countries, which are undergoing re-municipalization, the data obtained for Slovakia and the Czech Republic over 20 years show that the municipal solid waste management service is dominated by contracting, which has increased over the examined period. This fact is apparently a reflection of the high rate of fragmentation in municipal structures and the low willingness among municipalities to cooperate. The data obtained also indicate that using external suppliers seems to bring marginal savings that could certainly be substantially larger; potential increases in efficiency via contracting are unequivocally limited by the low quality of contract management. Regarding our core question, we found that the proportion of inter-municipal cooperation between service delivery modes did not significantly increase during the investigated period. The experts interviewed almost uniformly agreed on three critical limits related to the issue of inter-municipal cooperation in MSW management delivery - transaction costs of different types, non-existent regular comparisons of best solutions, and limited motivation to select optimal service delivery modes

Our paper presents an analysis of the impact of performance management tools on the performance of public sector institutions in the Czech Republic. We were unable to document their impacts on organisational performance using standard quantitative analysis. Expert opinions indicate that such a situation is at least partly a real one, not caused by methodology biases, but by the very specific behaviour of public organisations in the public-sector system, where accountability and responsibility are limited.

This paper deals with the analysis of risks which threaten the future sustainability and operations of agricultural museums in the Czech Republic. In the section on methodology, an applicable risk model has been proposed regarding the condition of museums in the Czech Republic. Using this model, the directors of agricultural museums can assess the most significant risks which may jeopardize the sustainability of museum operations over a three-year period. The greatest risks, according to museum directors, are a lack money for investment, the inability to retain high-quality staff, and issues with technical support for exhibitions. Assessing the importance of risk is positively associated with previous experiences of a particular type of risk, whereas the association of the importance of risk with previous managerial practice is rather inconclusive.

In 2015–2016, 6,429 km medium-voltage power lines with 76,430 pylons were checked for bird mortality in the Czech Republic. 1,326 bird victims of power lines were found, 156 of which died after collisions, and 1,170 birds were electrocuted. They belonged to 60 species from 12 orders, and birds of prey made up almost half of all victims. Steel pylons bearing several cross-arms including upper and crosswise jumpers were identified as most dangerous from the electrocution point of view. On the other hand, pylons in straight lines with Pařát cross-arms (triangular arrangement of conductors without any horizontal bar) were among the least dangerous, and when they had a simple perch fitted below the cross-arm, no mortality was recorded. But these pylons are new in practice and despite becoming widely used recently, they form less than one tenth of all pylons in the Czech Republic. On other pylons various types of mitigation measures have been installed. Commonly used plastic covers and plastic strips have proved to be especially effective, but only in cases when they are undamaged and correctly installed.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the influence of excellence in the use of performance management and quality improvements tools on performance of Czech municipalities, and especially their cost efficiency. Municipalities' performance is analyzed using data envelopment analysis focused on inputs. A quasi-experimental design is utilized and excelling municipalities are compared with two control groups. The first is represented by municipalities that use excellence models and quality improvement tools but have not been awarded a national excellence prize; the second by municipalities which do not use them. The results do not indicate any significant difference between the three groups of municipalities. This means that the excellence in utilization of performance management and quality improvement tools does not produce performance approaching that of cost efficiency.

This paper presents a comparative study of the impact of devolution on institutions in the area of cultural heritage in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Both states had formed a previous federation....

The content of this paper is a proposal for a new explanatory variable that can be used instead of commonly used variables expressing the dates of parliamentary elections. The proposed variable is then used to verify the existence of the impact of the political-budget cycle in the area of taxation on a sample of countries belonging to the European Union (EU28) over the period from 2000 to 2012. Combining the use of this variable and the Pearson correlation coefficient, a statistically significant effect of PBC was identified, particularly in the field of indirect excise taxes, and especially for countries belonging to the group of new EU Member States. The article also contains a comparison of results using traditional indicators which take into account the date of parliamentary elections and the results using a new variable. The results obtained show that with the help of two of the four indicators, statistically significant changes in tax policy in the area of indirect excise duties were identified. When evaluating a new variable, it can be noted that it is a variable which is appropriate for testing the effect of PBC, since not only has the number of statistically significant correlation coefficients been increased, but additionally, illogical results contrary to PBC theory have not been identified.

The article is looking for a suitable statistical model that would conclusively answered the question, how are travel agencies and vendor-agencies created promotional materials. Responses to this question were obtained using advanced statistical methods. The authors faced the problem of how suitable model, which would have an adequate audit trail, choose. Linear regression with artificial transformation was elected which included the partial indicators of the size of offices and agencies. Using this variable, then the question of whether there is a linear relationship between who form the materials and sizes of office.

This paper analyzes and discusses the impact of fiscal decentralization on the efficiency of museums run by municipalities. It tests the hypothesis that municipalities with higher levels of income self-sufficiency can more efficiently manage museums than municipalities with lower levels of financial self-sufficiency. For our analysis, we used financial data for the years 2015 to analyze the efficiency of museums using data envelopment analysis (DEA). To test the hypothesis about the impact of financial self-sufficiency, we use regression analysis. The results obtained did not confirmed the hypothesis.

The article examines the section of officials in the central administration who belong to the ministerial staff of the Czech Republic. It examines those persons engaged in the creation of analyses, strategies, and management activities. The study is based on original research conducted by the ministries of the Czech Republic in 2013 (N = 1351). The article seeks to discover what the make-up of this group is in terms of gender, age, and education levels at the chosen ministries, as well as to report on the types of experiences the group has had. The analysis shows that ministerial officials are in fact a gender-balanced group of employees, predominately university-educated. The overall median age of employees in all ministries is 42 years. On the other hand, there are certain inter-ministerial differences, as explained in detail in this paper. Based on results of the empirical research, conclusions have been drawn that may also serve as an inspiration for similar investigations in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe that address similar issues as found in the Czech Republic.

This study tests whether decentralized leadership influences the efficiency of running selected cultural institutions, specifically museums in the Czech Republic. For the analysis, data from 2015 from 187 museums spread around the whole Czech Republic are used. The method for the evaluation of efficiency is data envelope analysis, and for identifying the influence of decentralized leadership, a regression analysis is used. Museums established by municipalities reach higher efficiency than museums established by regions and central government. The causes may be found in the ability to better estimate the local demand as well as in the rational behavior of municipalities that prefer a cost-minimization strategy. The benefits of decentralization cannot be seen only in the field of finance but also in reinforcing local traditions, trust and the effects of social capital that is generated by a strong regional cultural identity.

Many countries have carried out extensive amalgamation-related territorial reforms at the level of local self-government and created relatively large municipalities. The Czech Republic is one of the few remaining European countries with a fragmented territorial structure. There is a lot of discussion in the country about the need for amalgamation, but this discussion is mainly based on political arguments rather than on empirical evidence about the feasibility of amalgamation and its potential to improve local government performance. This paper analyses economies of scale on the local level as a factor that should be reflected in debates about the pros and cons of amalgamation in the Czech Republic. To add to the existing knowledge about the reality of economies of scale on the municipal level in the Czech Republic, we processed the municipal costs of three selected areas on a representative sample of municipalities in the South Moravian Region. The analysis showed that economies of scale can be identified for collecting local fees and for pre-school and elementary education, but not for local administration. Our results suggest that the existence of too small municipalities in the Czech Republic results in inefficiencies and should be addressed.

The article deals with theoretical and practical aspects of introducing environmental road tax for motor vehicles registered in the Czech Republic. The article analyses requirements to be met by this type of tax and reviews its functions. Further it analyses practical aspects in the sense of existence of data that is needed for accomplishing the task to find an ideal form of environmental tax. Based on these foundations, the authors identified a suitable model of taxation of motor vehicles registered in 2000 and after. Another aim was finding proper variables as regards the need of calculation of theoretical emission data in motor vehicles registered in the Czech Republic before 2000. The proposed model is expected to use emission limits as declared in technical documentation of motor vehicles registered after 2000 and theoretical limits calculated by means of variables of engine capacity and time in older motor vehicles despite the fact that these variables provide explanation for the analysed emission effect just in case of 58% diesel engines, more precisely in case of 82% petrol engines.