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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the use of soybean molasses in the nutrition of lactating cows on their performance and some blood and rumen content parameters. Treatments included isoenergetic and isoprotein rations: total mixed ration (TMR) which included 1 kg of soybean molasses and TMR without soybean molasses. The use of soybean molasses in TMR for lactating cows increased yield of 4 % FCM (5.03 %). There was no difference in milk fat content and yield between treatments. The use of soybean molasses increased the concentration (3.45 vs 3.32 %) and yield (from 0.81 to 0.88 kg/day) of milk protein. Improved utilization of consumed ration dry matter (DM), energy and crude protein by 4.60, 4.81 and 7.82 %, respectively, was confirmed. There was no significant effect of including soybean molasses in TMR on ruminal pH value, number and structure of protozoa population nor on their motility. Soybean molasses had a positive effect on decrease of the urea blood concentration (5.45 vs 6.30 mmol/L) while no significant effects were observed for the concentrations of glucose, Ca and P in blood. Results of this study indicate that soybean molasses, as a source of readily available energy, can be used successfully in rations for lactating cows.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the use of soybean molasses in the nutrition of lactating cows on their performance and some blood and rumen content parameters. Treatments included isoenergetic and isoprotein rations: total mixed ration (TMR) which included 1 kg of soybean molasses and TMR without soybean molasses. The use of soybean molasses in TMR for lactating cows increased yield of 4 % FCM (5.03 %). There was no difference in milk fat content and yield between treatments. The use of soybean molasses increased the concentration (3.45 vs 3.32 %) and yield (from 0.81 to 0.88 kg/day) of milk protein. Improved utilization of consumed ration dry matter (DM), energy and crude protein by 4.60, 4.81 and 7.82 %, respectively, was confirmed. There was no significant effect of including soybean molasses in TMR on ruminal pH value, number and structure of protozoa population nor on their motility. Soybean molasses had a positive effect on decrease of the urea blood concentration (5.45 vs 6.30 mmol/L) while no significant effects were observed for the concentrations of glucose, Ca and P in blood. Results of this study indicate that soybean molasses, as a source of readily available energy, can be used successfully in rations for lactating cows., Provedeno istraživanje imalo je za cilj ispitati utjecaj korištenja sojine melase u hranidbi krava u laktaciji na proizvodne rezultate i važnije pokazatelje metaboličkog profila. Korišteni su izoenergetski i izoproteinski obroci: TMR koji je uključio 1 kg sojine melase i TMR bez sojine melase. Korištenje sojine melase u TMR-u za krave u laktaciji statistički je značajno (P˂0,05) utjecalo na povećanje prinosa 4 % MKM (5,03 %). Razlike u prosječnom udjelu i prinosu mliječne masti između tretmana nisu bile statistički značajne. Korištenje sojine melase statistički značajno (P˂0,01) povećava udjel (3,45 vs 3,32 %) i prinos (sa 0,81 na 0,88 kg/dan) proteina mlijeka. Utvrđeno je poboljšanje iskorištavanja konzumirane suhe tvari obroka, energije i sirovog proteina za 4,60, 4,81 i 7,82 %. Nije bilo značajnog utjecaja uključivanja sojine melase u TMR na ruminalnu pH vrijednost, brojnost i strukturu protozoa, kao niti na njihovu pokretljivost. Sojina melasa imala je značajan pozitivan učinak (P˂0,01) na smanjenje koncentracije uree u krvi (5,45 vs 6,30 mmol/L), pri čemu nije bilo značajnih učinaka na koncentraciju glukoze, Ca i P u krvi. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju da se sojina melasa, kao izvor lako dostupne energije, može uspješno koristiti u obrocima krava u laktaciji.

nema

Intenzivno mlečno govedarstvo, opravdano se karakteriše kao industrijska proizvodnja. Na Balkanu, u velikoj meri temelji se na brojnim saznanjima iz zemalja intenzivnog stočarstva, kako u oblasti selekcije tako i ishrane. Kao i u SAD najproduktivnija rasa je holštajn, a najznačajnija hraniva su kukuruzna silaža i seno, odnosno senaža, lucerke. Ipak, svedoci smo klimatskih promena koje ne pogoduju lucerki a još manje kukuruzu, naročito u uslovima suvog ratrenja. Sve je teže realizovati proizvodnju dovoljnih količina kvalitetne silaže kukuruza. Pored toga, energetska kriza koja će u decenijama pred nama biti još drastičnija, daje kukuruzu i dodatni značaj, kao dragocenoj sirovini za dobijanje etanola. To nameće potrebu iznalaženja drugih biljnih kultura pogodnih za proizvodnju kvalitetne silaže. Upravo zato, istraživanje mogućnosti upotrebe silaža strnih žita u ishrani preživara, sve više dobija na značaju, a cilj ovog rada je pregled značajnijih iskustava i rezultata istraživanja u toj oblasti. Rad je metodološki zasnovan na prikupljanju i analizi podataka iz literature.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of simultaneous using heat-treated corn grain as basic energy source and heat treated whole soybeans as protein source, in diet for calves 60-120 days old. The main predicted effects were improved energy and nutrients utilization efficiency and production performances of calves at this age. Thirty-six weaned Holstein calves were used, there were three treatments using different concentrates, formulated as: concentrate with micronized corn grain and extruded whole soybeans (KTT); concentrate with non-treated corn grain and soybean meal (KTN); concentrate with non-treated corn grain and extruded whole soybeans (KS). The marked effects of simultaneous use of heat-treated corn grain and whole soybeans were determined for feed efficiency (feed conversion ratio, FCR was 6,2% higher for calves on KTT than on KTN and 4,3% higher than on KS treatment). Efficiency of energy utilization (MJ ME/kg of gain) was better for calves on diet with KTT concentrate (5.8 % and 5.3% lower efficiency of metabolic energy utilization for KTN and KS treatment respectively). Consumed crude protein was better utilized for growth by calves on KTT diets, than other two treatments (10.8 % more CP/kg of growth for KTN, and 7.5% more for KS). Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrđivanje značaja i uticaja istovremenog uključivanja termički tretitranog zrna kukuruza kao osnovnog izvora energije, i termički obrađenog zrna soje kao izvora proteina u koncentrat za telad uzrasta 60-120 dana, u pogledu povećanja efikasnosti iskorišćavanja energije i hranljivih materija, a koja bi se ogledala u poboljšanju osnovnih proizvodnih pokazatelja teladi u ovom uzrastu. Ogled je izveden sa 36 odlučenih teladi crnobele rase u tipu holštajna, telad su bila raspoređena u 3 grupe, a u ishrani su korišćene sledeće smeše: smeša sa mikroniziranim kukuruzom, i ekstrudiranom sojom (KTT);smeša sa neobrađenim kukuruzom i sojinom sačmom (KTN);smeša sa neobrađenim kukuruzom i ekstrudiranom sojom (KS).Utvrđen je značajan pozitivan uticaj istovremenog korišćenja termički obrađenog kukuruza i soje u koncentratu za odlučenu telad, na efikasnost iskorišćavanja: konzumirane hrane-manji utrošak SM hrane za kg prirasta teladi KTT grupe, za 6,2% u odnosu na telad KTN grupe, odnosno za 4,3% u odnosu na telad KS grupe; energije iz konzumirane hrane: manji utrošak ME za kg prirasta teladi KTT grupe, za 5,8% u odnosu na telad KTN grupe, i 5,3% u odnosu na KS grupu; konzumiranog sirovog proteina: telad KTN grupe su imala veći utrošak SP po kg ostvarenog prirasta za 10,8%, telad KS grupe za 7,5%, u odnosu na telad na KTT koncentratu.