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The Cartan development takes a Lie algebra valued 1-form satisfying the Maurer-Cartan equation on a simply connected manifold $M$ to a smooth mapping from $M$ into the Lie group. In this paper this is generalized to infinite dimensional $M$ for infinite dimensional regular Lie groups. The Cartan development is viewed as a generalization of the evolution map of a regular Lie group. The tangent mapping of a Cartan development is identified as another Cartan development., Comment: 14 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:math/0609077, arXiv:math/9801007

We revisit the asymptotic analysis of the KdV shock problem in the soliton region. Our approach is based on the analysis of the associated Riemann-Hilbert problem and we extend the domain of validity of the asymptotic formulas while at the same time requiring less decay and smoothness for the initial data., Comment: 18 pages

We show how the inverse scattering transform can be used as a convenient tool to derive the long-time asymptotics of shock waves for the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation in the soliton region. In particular, we improve the results previously obtained via the nonlinear steepest decent approach both with respect to the decay of the initial conditions as well as the region where they are valid., Comment: 22 pages

We rigorously derive the long-time asymptotics of the Toda shock wave in a middle region where the solution is asymptotically finite gap. In particular, we describe the influence of the discrete spectrum in the spectral gap on the shift of the phase in the theta-function representation for this solution. We also study the effect of possible resonances at the endpoints of the gap on this phase. This paper is a continuation of research started in [arXiv:2001.05184].

We show that Toda shock waves are asymptotically close to a modulated finite gap solution in the region separating the soliton and the elliptic wave regions. We previously derived formulas for the leading terms of the asymptotic expansion of these shock waves in all principal regions and conjectured that in the modulation region the next term is of order $O(t^{-1})$. In the present paper we prove this fact and investigate how resonances and eigenvalues influence the leading asymptotic behaviour. Our main contribution is the solution of the local parametrix Riemann-Hilbert problems and a rigorous justification of the analysis. In particular, this involves the construction of a proper singular matrix model solution., Comment: 40 pages, 8 figures, minor changes in introduction

We apply the method of nonlinear steepest descent to compute the long-time asymptotics of the Toda lattice with steplike initial data corresponding to a rarefaction wave., Comment: 22 pages

We give a survey of the long-time asymptotics for the Toda lattice with steplike constant initial data using the nonlinear steepest descent analysis and its extension based on a suitably chosen $g$-function. Analytic formulas for the leading term of the asymptotic solutions of the Toda shock and rarefaction problems (including the case of overlapping background spectra) are given and complemented by numerical simulations. We provide an explicit formula for the modulated solution in terms of Abelian integrals on the underlying hyperelliptic Riemann surface., Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures

We derive the long-time asymptotics for the Toda shock problem using the nonlinear steepest descent analysis for oscillatory Riemann--Hilbert factorization problems. We show that the half plane of space/time variables splits into five main regions: The two regions far outside where the solution is close to free backgrounds. The middle region, where the solution can be asymptotically described by a two band solution, and two regions separating them, where the solution is asymptotically given by a slowly modulated two band solution. In particular, the form of this solution in the separating regions verifies a conjecture from Venakides, Deift, and Oba from 1991., Comment: 39 pages

We develop direct and inverse scattering theory for Jacobi operators (doubly infinite second order difference operators) with steplike coefficients which are asymptotically close to different finite-gap quasi-periodic coefficients on different sides. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the scattering data in the case of perturbations with finite second (or higher) moment., Comment: 23 pages

We show that for decaying solutions of the Ablowitz-Ladik system, the leading asymptotic term is time independent. In addition, two arbitrary bounded solutions of the Ablowitz-Ladik system which are asymptotically close at the initial time stay close. All results are also derived for the associated hierarchy., Comment: 9 pages

We provide a rigorous treatment of the inverse scattering transform for the entire Toda hierarchy for solutions which are asymptotically close to (in general) different finite-gap solutions as $n\to\pm\infty$., Comment: 10 pages

We derive a systematic and recursive approach to local conservation laws and the Hamiltonian formalism for the Ablowitz-Ladik (AL) hierarchy. Our methods rely on a recursive approach to the AL hierarchy using Laurent polynomials and on asymptotic expansions of the Green's function of the AL Lax operator, a five-diagonal finite difference operator., Comment: 49 pages

We give a simple algebraic proof that the two different Lax pairs for the Kac-van Moerbeke hierarchy, constructed from Jacobi respectively super-symmetric Dirac-type difference operators, give rise to the same hierarchy of evolution equations. As a byproduct we obtain some new recursions for computing these equations., Comment: 8 pages

We develop direct and inverse scattering theory for Jacobi operators with steplike coefficients which are asymptotically close to different finite-gap quasi-periodic coefficients on different sides. We give a complete characterization of the scattering data, which allow unique solvability of the inverse scattering problem in the class of perturbations with finite first moment., Comment: 23 pages

We provide a detailed recursive construction of the Ablowitz-Ladik (AL) hierarchy and its zero-curvature formalism. The two-coefficient AL hierarchy under investigation can be considered a complexified version of the discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation and its hierarchy of nonlinear evolution equations. Specifically, we discuss in detail the stationary Ablowitz-Ladik formalism in connection with the underlying hyperelliptic curve and the stationary Baker-Akhiezer function and separately the corresponding time-dependent Ablowitz-Ladik formalism., Comment: 46 pages

We provide a detailed derivation of all complex-valued algebro-geometric finite-band solutions of the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy. In addition, we survey a recursive construction of the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy and its zero-curvature and Lax formalism., Comment: 41 pages

We investigate soliton solutions of the Toda hierarchy on a quasi-periodic finite-gap background by means of the double commutation method and the inverse scattering transform. In particular, we compute the phase shift caused by a soliton on a quasi-periodic finite-gap background. Furthermore, we consider short range perturbations via scattering theory. We give a full description of the effect of the double commutation method on the scattering data and establish the inverse scattering transform in this setting., Comment: 16 pages

We develop direct and inverse scattering theory for Jacobi operators with steplike quasi-periodic finite-gap background in the same isospectral class. We derive the corresponding Gel'fand-Levitan-Marchenko equation and find minimal scattering data which determine the perturbed operator uniquely. In addition, we show how the transmission coefficients can be reconstructed from the eigenvalues and one of the reflection coefficients., Comment: 14 pages

We provide a rigorous treatment of the inverse scattering transform for the entire Toda hierarchy in the case of a quasi-periodic finite-gap background solution., Comment: 11 pages

We investigate trace formulas for Jacobi operators which are trace class perturbations of quasi-periodic finite-gap operators using Krein's spectral shift theory. In particular we establish the conserved quantities for the solutions of the Toda hierarchy in this class., Comment: 7 pages

We develop direct and inverse scattering theory for Jacobi operators which are short range perturbations of quasi-periodic finite-gap operators. We show existence of transformation operators, investigate their properties, derive the corresponding Gel'fand-Levitan-Marchenko equation, and find minimal scattering data which determine the perturbed operator uniquely., Comment: 29 pages