Search

Gastrointestinal intolerance is common in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients using methotrexate and may lead to treatment discontinuation. To study the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in a sample of RA methotrexate users as well as its possible association with clinical and epidemiological variables. Cross-sectional study of 192 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms using the MISS (methotrexate intolerance severity score). Clinical and epidemiological variables were collected through chart review and direct questioning. Patients' adherence to methotrexate was evaluated through Moriski–Green–Levin questionnaire. The prevalence of gastrointestinal complaints was high with 55.7% of the sample classified as intolerant. Nausea and pain after drug ingestion were the most common reported complaints. This intolerance was associated with afro-descendant background (p = 0.02); presence of associated fibromyalgia (p = 0.04), concomitant use of glucocorticoids (p = 0.03) and Jak inhibitors (0.03). A tendency towards association with leflunomide use was observed (p = 0.06). Logistic regression was used to test drug associations with methotrexate intolerance, and showed that glucocorticoid use was independently associated with methotrexate intolerance OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.01–3.44; p = 0.04. Route of administration, presence of previous gastric complaints, age and methotrexate dose did not interfere with MISS. MISS results were associated with moderate adherence to the drug. There is a high rate of methotrexate intolerance that is more common in afro-descendants, those with associated fibromyalgia, glucocorticoid and Jak inhibitors users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen: Introducción: Los medicamentos citostáticos se clasifican como potencialmente peligrosos para la salud cuando se manipulan. El metotrexato es un fármaco citostático e inmunosupresor cada vez más utilizado en atención primaria para el tratamiento de diversos problemas reumatológicos y dermatológicos. Dados estos antecedentes, deben observarse aquellos trabajadores, entre ellos el personal de enfermería, que puedan estar expuestas a estos riegos como consecuencia de su labor profesional. Objetivos: Describir el manejo y exposición a metotrexato en el equipo de enfermería de atención primaria del Departamento de Salud de Orihuela, España. Metodología: Se corresponde con un estudio descriptivo observacional, realizado en el periodo comprendido desde el 1 al 25 de abril del 2023. Se utilizó una guía de observación a través de visita directa con enfermería, siguiendo las recomendaciones de los protocolos actuales para el manejo y exposición de citostáticos. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. El tamaño muestral se calculó basándose en el personal de enfermería mediante la estimación de una proporción considerando 7 áreas de atención de salud y 31 consultorios auxiliares. Como criterio de inclusión se tuvo en cuenta la experiencia mínima de un año en la administración de medicación de las unidades a estudio. Resultados: De un total de 124 enfermeras que prestan servicios en la atención primaria del Departamento de Salud de Orihuela, participaron un total de 66 enfermeras. La edad media fue de 37,34 años. Se crearon dos grupos de enfermeras según trabajaran en zonas básicas de salud con más de 25 000 o menos de 25 000 habitantes. Se tuvo en cuenta la Ordenación Sanitaria del Territorio en las comunidades autónomas del Sistema de Información definidas por el Real Decreto 137/1984, sobre estructuras básicas de salud para el mejoramiento de la Atención Primaria. En la guía de observación, se obtuvieron los valores más bajos en la evaluación/información del paciente con respecto al manejo y exposición del metotrexato en las enfermeras. El total de las enfermeras de ambos grupos, aplicaron con éxito la regla de los 5 correctos (vía, dosis, hora, paciente, y medicación) para el manejo seguro del metotrexato. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos en nuestra investigación, destacan la necesidad de describir el manejo y exposición del metotrexato en el equipo de enfermería y la relevancia de buscar métodos para mejorar los conocimientos y habilidades. En este sentido, este estudio podría, a través de la guía de observación empleada, mejorar el manejo y la exposición al metotrexato en el equipo de enfermería de atención primaria y evitar riesgos innecesarios que pueden tener consecuencias graves para las enfermeras y los pacientes. Abstract: Introduction: Cytostatic drugs are classified as potentially dangerous to health when handled. Methotrexate is a cytostatic and immunosuppressive drug increasingly used in primary care for the treatment of various rheumatological and dermatological problems. Therefore, those workers, such as nurses, who may be exposed to these risks, as a consequence of their professional work must be observed. Objectives: Describe the management and exposure of methotrexate in the primary care nursing team of Orihuela Health Department, Spain. Methodology: It corresponds to a descriptive observational study, carried out in the period from April 1 to 25, 2023. An observation guide was applied during a direct visit with nursing and following the recommendations of the current protocols for the management and exposure to cytostatics. Sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience. The sample size was calculated based on the nursing staff by estimating a proportion considering 7 health care areas and 31 auxiliary offices. As an inclusion criterion, a minimum of one year's experience in the administration of medication in the units under study was taken into account. Results: Of a total of 124 nurses who provide services in primary care at the Orihuela Health Department, a total of 66 nurses participated. The mean age was 37.34 (SD 12.66). Two groups of nurses were created according to basic health zones with inhabitants of more than 25,000 or less than 25,000. It was considered that the Health Planning of the Territory in the autonomous communities of the Information System defined by Royal Decree 137/1984 of 22, on basic health structures for the improvement of Primary Care. In the observation guide, the lowest values were obtained in the evaluation/information of the patient regarding the management and exposure of methotrexate in the nurses. All nurses in both groups successfully applied the 5 rights of medication administration (route, dose, time, patient, and medication) for the safe management of methotrexate. Conclusion: The results obtained in our research highlight the need to describe the management and exposure of methotrexate in the nursing team and the relevance of seeking methods to improve knowledge and skills. In this sense, this study could, through the observation guide used, improve the management and exposure to methotrexate in the primary care nursing team and avoid unnecessary risks that can have serious consequences for nurses and patients.

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To compare the effect of combined treatment with prednisone and methotrexate (MTX) versus prednisone alone over laboratory parameters in giant cell arteritis (GCA). We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial about usefulness of treatment with prednisone and MTX versus prednisone and placebo in GCA (Ann Intern Med 2001;134:106–114). As a part of follow-up of patients (n = 42), we performed laboratory analysis in 20 time points during the two-year period of follow-up. To analyze differences, we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin, and platelets, and compared the results in both groups adjusting by time of follow-up, existence of relapses and dose of prednisone. A total of 724 laboratory measurements were done. Median value of ESR was 33 [18–56] in patients with placebo and 26 [15–44] in patients with MTX (P = 0.0002). No significant differences were observed in ESR during relapses. The mean ESR value followed a parallel course in both groups, but was lower in the group with MTX than in the group with placebo in 18 of 20 time points of follow-up. The AUC of ESR by time of follow-up was 28,461.7 ± 12,326 in the group with placebo and 19,598.4 ± 8,117 in the group with MTX (mean difference 8,863, 95% CI 1.542–16.184; P = 0.019). The course of other laboratory parameters paralleled, without statistical significance, those observed for ESR. These data, along with clinical data, suggest that MTX might play a role as a disease-modifying agent in the treatment of GCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivos: describir las características clínicas y el tratamiento del embarazo ectópico implantado en la cicatriz de cesárea, así como las complicaciones y el pronóstico obstétrico. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de gestantes con diagnóstico de embarazo ectópico implantado en la cicatriz de cesárea según los criterios de la Sociedad de Medicina Materno-Fetal, atendidas entre enero de 2018 y marzo de 2022 en dos instituciones de alta complejidad, pertenecientes a la seguridad social, ubicadas en Lima, Perú. Se hizo un muestreo consecutivo. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas de ingreso, diagnóstico, tipo de tratamiento, complicaciones y pronóstico obstétrico. Se hace un análisis descriptivo. Resultados: se incluyeron 17 pacientes, de 29.919 partos. De estas, el 41,2 % recibió tratamiento médico y el resto recibió tratamiento quirúrgico. Se realizó un manejo local exitoso con metotrexato en el saco gestacional en dos pacientes con ectópico tipo 2. Cuatro de las pacientes requirieron histerectomía total. Seis pacientes experimentaron una gestación después del tratamiento, y 4 de ellas culminaron el embarazo con una madre y un neonato saludables. Conclusiones: el embarazo ectópico implantado en la cicatriz de una cesárea es una entidad poco frecuente, para la cual se cuenta con alternativas de manejo médico y quirúrgico con aparentes buenos resultados. Se requieren más estudios con mayor calidad metodológica de asignación aleatoria que ayuden a caracterizar la seguridad y la efectividad de las diferentes alternativas terapéuticas para las mujeres con sospecha de esta patología.

To study the prevalence of liver fibrosis (LF) measured by FibroScan and APRI index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (AR) undergoing treatment with methotrexate (MTX). We included 59 patients with RA on MTX. Medical records, FibroScan measures and serological markers of liver damage were compared on the basis of cumulative methotrexate dose. Mean treatment duration was 82.4 ± 65.1 months and mean cumulative dose was 5214.5 ± 4031.9 mg. Five patients met LF criteria by fibroscan, while only one patient had a suggestive APRI score. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of LF measured by both APRI and fibroScan between patients with cumulative doses above and below 4000 mg. There was also no relationship between LF and treatment duration. The occurrence of LF in patients with RA on MTX is a multifactorial process that does not seem directly related to its cumulative dose. FibroScan may be a useful technique in clinical practice to screen for this complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics and treatment of ectopic pregnancy arising in the cesarean section scar, as well as its complications and obstetric prognosis. Material and methods: Retrospective cohort study of pregnant women with the diagnosis of a scar pregnancy in accordance with Maternal-Fetal Medicine Society criteria, seen between January 2018 and March 2022 in two high complexity institutions of the social security system, located in Lima, Peru. Consecutive sampling was used. Baseline sociodemographic and clinical variables were measured, including diagnosis, type of treatment, complications and obstetric prognosis. A descriptive analysis was performed. Results: Out of 29,919 deliveries, 17 patients were included. Of these, 41.2 % received medical management and the rest were treated surgically. Successful management with intra-gestational sac methotrexate was performed in two patients with ectopic pregnancy type 2. Four patients required total hysterectomy. Six patients became pregnant after the treatment and 4 completed their pregnancy with healthy mother and neonate pairs. Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy implanted in a cesarean section scar is an infrequent occurrence for which medical and surgical management options are available with apparently good outcomes. Further studies of better methodological quality and random assignment are needed in order to help characterize the safety and effectiveness of the various therapeutic options for women with suspected scar pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to investigate the protective effect of linoleic acid on liver toxicity induced by methotrexate. The study was carried out in partnership with the Department of Anatomy and Department of Medical Pharmacology of Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, using the laboratory facilities of the Department of Medical Pharmacology. Human hepatocyte cell line (CRL11233) cells obtained from the American Type Culture Collection Organization (ATCC) were used. Expressions of apoptotic pathway markers, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), BAX, BCL 2, GADD 153, 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), and CASPASE-3 were evaluated. All analyzes were examined in four groups (Group 1; control, Group 2; linoleic acid given, Group 3; methotrexate given and Group 4; linoleic acid and methotrexate given). The mean ± standard error values of the obtained results as nanogram / milliliter (ng / ml) are in Group I, Group II, Group III and Group IV, respectively; AIF values, 0.4150 ± 0.1208, 0.3633 ± 0.2389, 1.792 ± 0.3611 and 1.077 ± 0.1646, BAX values, 0.900 ± 0.1864, 1.002 ± 0.2098, 8.352 ± 1.467 and 4.295 ± 1.522, BCL 2 values, 13.93 ± 1.198, 13.92 ± 1.739, 2.938 ± 1.059 and 9.250 ± 1.492, GADD 153, 0.7333 ± 0.1751, 0.7067 ± 0.2115, 1.650 ± 0.2950 and 1.237 ± 0.1805, GRP78, 0.4767 ± 0.1804, 0.5233 ± 0.1590, 2.183 ± 0.2639 and 1.112 ± 0.2693, CASPASE-3 values, 1.127 ± 0.2033, 0.8317 ± 0.3392, 13.50 ± 1.871 and 8.183 ± 1.030. It was determined that linoleic acid has a protective effect on methotrexate-induced liver toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ) monotherapy in biologic-naïve patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) versus patients with previous biologic exposure in a real-world setting. Non-controlled clinical-trial, 32-week prospective multicenter study including RA patients with moderate-severe disease activity starting TCZ in monotherapy who had a prior inadequate response or were intolerant to methotrexate (MTX). Effectiveness according to EULAR response evaluated at 24-week and safety at 32-weekwere assessed. Of the 93 were enrolled of whom 84 (90%) were eligible for the effectiveness analysis. Biologic-naïve patients (n = 46, 54.8%) were younger (51.5 versus 57.9) with shorter disease duration (6.4 versus 13.3) but presented similar comorbidities in comparison with non-naïve patients. DAS28 remission was achieved in a higher percentage in the group of patients with prior biological treatment. 89 adverse events (AE) were recorded in 50 patients, most of them non-serious AE (non-SAE) (86.3%). In a real world setting, TCZ exhibit similar effectiveness and safety in monotherapy in patients with RA regardless previous exposure to other biologic therapies. This study provides additional and valuable real-world findings on the use of TCZ in patients with RA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

High dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) based chemoimmunotherapy is a central part of the standard approach to treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Renal dysfunction leads to delayed MTX complete elimination and critical MTX concentration. Despite the recommendations, hemodialysis status should not exclude HD-MTX.We report the case of a 64 years old woman on chronic hemodialysis with PCNSL successfully treated with HD-MTX-based chemoimmunotherapy with an adjusted dose of 100 mg/m2, instead of the usual dose of 3500 mg/m2, and daily hemodialysis started 24 h later. The patient had no significant toxicity and was in complete remission at 1 year after the end of the treatment.We argue that ESRD is not an absolute pitfall to the use of HD-MTX for hematological malignancies. Experts should consider the use of adjusted dose at 100 mg/m2 as a viable therapeutic modality in ESRD patients. Resumen: La quimioinmunoterapia basada en una dosis elevada de metotrexato (HD-MTX) es una parte central del enfoque terapéutico estándar del linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central (PCNSL). La insuficiencia renal causa la demora de la eliminación completa de MTX, así como la concentración crítica del mismo. A pesar de las recomendaciones, el estatus de hemodiálisis no debería excluir la HD-MTX.Reportamos el caso de una mujer de 64 años con PCNSL y tratamiento de hemodiálisis crónica que fue exitosamente tratada con quimioinmunoterapia basada en HD-MTX con una dosis ajustada de 100 mg/m2, en lugar de la dosis habitual de 3.500 mg/m2, iniciándose la hemodiálisis diaria al cabo de 24 h. La paciente no reflejó toxicidad significativa y experimentó remisión completa al cabo de un año desde la finalización del tratamiento.Nosotros argumentamos que la enfermedad renal en etapa terminal (ESRD) no constituye un escollo en absoluto para utilizar la HD-MTX para neoplasias hematológicas. Los expertos deberían considerar el uso de una dosis ajustada a 100 mg/m2 como modalidad terapéutica viable en los pacientes de ESRD.

Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that has a great impact on the patient and on the social and health care systems. Therapeutic goals are based on achieving remission or maintaining the lowest possible activity. Objective To determine the activity according to DAS28 (Disease Activity Score with a count of 28 joints) and adverse events in rheumatoid arthritis during the use of methotrexate with leflunomide in the Rheumatology Service of the Complejo Hospitalario Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid, Panama. January 2010- December 2020. Methodology An observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out, for which 278 electronic clinical records of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have received combined therapy with methotrexate plus leflunomide in the Rheumatology service were reviewed. Results The age group with the highest number of cases was 60-69 years, with a predominance of the female gender. According to DAS28 scores: 35.85% achieved remission, 35.22% obtained low activity, 24.53% maintained moderate activity and 4.40% persisted with high activity. There was 71.06% efficacy. Adverse events included: mucositis (0.63%), gastrointestinal symptoms (7.55%), hematologic cytopenias (13.21%), elevated transaminases (28.93%), alopecia (4.40%) and infections (6.29%). Most adverse events were mild and did not warrant changes in therapy or resolved with dose reduction of one or both drugs. Conclusion Combined therapy with methotrexate plus leflunomide has proven to be a cost-effective therapeutic strategy in our country, maintaining a good safety profile, without serious adverse events that could compromise patients' lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Foi estudada a ação do metotrexato administrado por via intramuscular sobre a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas circulares abertas em ratas, do ponto de vista histológico. Foram operadas 36 ratas Wistar, com peso médio de 250,0 gramas. Nos 18 animais do grupo-controle (Grupo 1) foi injetado soro fisiológico 0,9% por via intramuscular, em volume equivalente ao necessário ao grupo tratado, no membro traseiro esquerdo, imediatamente após a confecção de uma ferida aberta de pele, provocada com vazador de 6 mm de diâmetro no dorso do animal, a cerca de 5 cm das bordas inferiores dos pavilhões auriculares. No grupo-experimento (Grupo 2) realizou-se o mesmo procedimento cirúrgico do grupo-controle e administrou-se metotrexato (1 mg/kg de peso corpóreo) por via intramuscular na mesma localização anatômica. Foram sacrificadas no 4“ e T dias de pós-operatório. As alterações histológicas do efeito do metotrexato, evidenciado através da microscopia óptica, se fizeram predominantemente no 7° dia de pós-operatório, tais como: a redução da área de tecido de granulação e necrose (p < 0,001), do número de núcleos redondos (p < 0,001), do número de polimorfonucleares (p < 0,001), do número de fibroblastos e histiócitos em transformação (núcleos fusiformes/campo) (p < 0,001), da distância entre as bordas da ferida (p < 0,001) e do número de vasos/campo (p < 0,005). Concluem que o metotrexato atenua a resposta inflamatória, atuando nas fases iniciais e de fibroplasia, entretanto, acelerou o processo de reepitelização.

Off-label (OL) drug use is the prescription of a drug for indications other than those authorised in its technical datasheet. The objective of this study was to identify drugs recommended in rheumatology but considered for off-label use in Argentina. A list of medications for certain selected rheumatic conditions was compiled. A drug was considered recommended if it was endorsed by a) at least one Argentine or Pan-American treatment guideline or consensus, or b) two international treatment guidelines, or c) one international treatment guideline and one selected textbook. Approval of these drugs for any condition in Argentina until December 31st, 2018 was explored, and medicines were divided into those with on-label indications and those considered for OL use. One hundred and thirty-six medications were analysed in 13 clinical conditions. Sixty-seven OL recommendations (49%) were found, and several drugs had more than one. All the conditions included the recommendation of at least 1 OL drug except osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The frequency of OL recommendations for the following conditions was 100%: calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, Sjögren syndrome, and systemic sclerosis. The drugs with the highest number of OL recommendations were methotrexate (in 7 conditions), and glucocorticoids and mycophenolate (in 4). There were 2 OL recommendations for rituximab and 1 for abatacept. Almost all the rheumatic disorders analysed involved the recommendation of at least 1 OL medication, and in 4 conditions all the recommendations were OL. Most OL drugs recommended in rheumatology are neither biological nor small-molecule therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Folinic acid plays a role in the synthesis and repair of DNA and therefore, it is essential for normal cellular metabolism. Consequently, the alteration of folate levels is related to various diseases in different apparatus and systems. A search in various scientific databases was made for original articles and case reports, published from 2010 to 2020. A total of 125 articles were collected, of which only 45 were selected with the aim of gathering and highlighting the beneficial effects of folinic acid on its use as coadjuvant therapy. Benefits were described in areas such as neurology, psychiatry, oncology, toxicology, infectology, dermatology, gastroenterology, and genetics. After the administration of folinic acid, the following benefits were obtained: in autistic patients, cognitive-behavioral functions improved, in those with schizophrenia, both positive and negative symptoms were attenuated, and in epileptic patients, seizures were controlled. In patients with HIV, folate plasma concentrations increased while serum homocysteine decreased. In addition, the synthesis of metalloproteinases and collagen were stimulated, promoting the cicatrization process. In hereditary folate malabsorption, systemic and neurological symptoms were completely eliminated, as well as improved psychomotor development and the developmental quotient in patients with Down syndrome. On the other hand, folinic acid increased the tolerance and efficacy of antineoplastic drugs. The neurological, intestinal and bone toxicity of methotrexate, as well as lamotrigine teratogenesis were decreased. Therefore, it was concluded that the benefits of the administration of folinic acid are broad and evident in the aforementioned diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analizar la eficacia, adherencia, satisfacción del paciente, seguridad, farmacodinámica y costo-efectividad del metotrexato (MTX) parenteral en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática basada en una estrategia de búsqueda en Medline, Embase y Cochrane Library (inicio-06/2019). Se identificaron estudios que incluyeran pacientes adultos con enfermedades reumáticas en tratamiento con MTX parenteral y que analizaran datos de eficacia, adherencia, satisfacción, seguridad, farmacocinética o costo-efectividad. En cuanto a los diseños se permitieron revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos o estudios observacionales, incluyendo transversales y estudios con muestras pequeñas si eran estudios de farmacocinética. De 4.160 artículos identificados, se incluyeron finalmente 80. El MTX parenteral parece útil de manera general y en especial en aquellos pacientes con respuesta insuficiente a MTX oral. La vía parenteral no parece aumentar la tasa ni la gravedad de los eventos adversos con respecto a la oral y podría reducir costes en aquellos pacientes con respuesta inadecuada a MTX oral. La adherencia y satisfacción se ven favorecidas por programas de entrenamiento en la vía parenteral. Los resultados en enfermedades reumáticas distintas a la artritis reumatoide (AR) son muy escasos y no permiten obtener datos concluyentes. El MTX por vía parenteral podría ser una alternativa al uso de MTX oral, por su perfil de eficacia, seguridad, adherencia, satisfacción y resultados fármaco-económicos, especialmente en pacientes con AR. To analyse the efficacy, adherence, patient satisfaction, safety, pharmacodynamics and cost-effectiveness of parenteral methotrexate (MTX) in patients with rheumatic diseases. A systematic review of literature was carried out in Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central from the beginning until June 2019. Studies including adult patients with rheumatic diseases being treated with parenteral MTX were identified and data on efficacy, adherence, satisfaction, safety, pharmacokinetics, and cost-effectiveness analysed. As for the designs, systematic reviews, clinical trials, or observational studies were permitted, including cross-sectional and small-sample studies if they were pharmacokinetic studies. Out of 4160 identified articles, 80 articles were finally included. The efficacy profile of parenteral MTX seems useful in general and in those patients with insufficient response to oral MTX. The parenteral route does not seem to increase the rate or severity of adverse events due to the use of MTX. The use of parenteral MTX is an appropriate way to reduce costs in patients with inadequate response to oral MTX. Adherence and satisfaction are favoured by training programmes in the use of the parenteral route. The results in rheumatic diseases other than rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are very scarce and do not enable obtaining conclusive data. Parenteral MTX can be an alternative to the use of oral MTX, due to its profile of efficacy, safety, adherence and pharmacoeconomic results, especially in those patients with RA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We aimed to develop recommendations for the management of methotrexate (MTX) when considering the combination with biological (b) or targeted synthetic (ts) disease modifying drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eleven experts on RA were selected. Two coordinators formulated 13 questions about the combination therapy of MTX with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs. A systematic review was conducted to answer the questions. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established as well as the search strategies (Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2019). Two reviewers selected the articles and collected data. Simultaneously, EULAR and ACR meeting abstracts were evaluated. Based on this evidence, the coordinators proposed preliminary recommendations that the experts discussed and voted in a nominal group meeting. The level of evidence and grade of recommendation was established using the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine and the level of agreement with a Delphi. Agreement was established if at least 80% of the experts voted 'yes' (yes/no). The systematic review retrieved 513 citations of which 61 were finally included. A total of 10 recommendations were generated, voted and accepted. The level of agreement was very high in all of them and it was achieved in the first Delphi round. Final recommendations cover aspects such as the optimal MTX dosage, tapering strategy or patients' risk management. This document is intended to help clinicians solve usual clinical questions and facilitate decision making when treating RA patients with MTX in combination with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. This study presents the recommendations of a group of Colombian experts on the management of atopic dermatitis in adults in five frequent clinical scenarios, according to the available treatments, the socioeconomic situation and the coverage of treatments in the health system. METHODS: We carried out a consensus of 12 Colombian dermatologists divided into two groups to analyze five clinical scenarios: Moderate atopic dermatitis without control with topical therapy, severe atopic dermatitis without response to phototherapy, moderate/severe atopic dermatitis without control with topical therapy in pandemic times, facial atopic dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis and asthma. In each of the groups of experts a plenary discussion was held. Consensus was considered when at least 5 of the 6 participants of each session coincided in the analyzed treatment option. RESULTS: For patients with moderate/severe atopic dermatitis who have failed topical treatment, phototherapy would be the first choice, as long as it is available, and the patient has easy access. Systemic immunosuppressants are important options in all the clinical scenarios analyzed. In pandemic, dupilumab is considered the first choice, the same as for patients with severe uncontrolled asthma. DISCUSSION: Due to the need to optimize the resources of the health system, it is rational to consider evaluating the response and tolerance to systemic immunosuppressants before escalating to biological therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Methotrexate (MTX) is the drug of choice for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Its clinical efficacy is limited due to the development of adverse effects (AEs). Patients and methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on the AEs associated with MTX therapy in children diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis followed-up in a tertiary hospital between 2008 and 2016. Results: The study included a total of 107 patients, of whom 71 (66.3%) were girls (66.3%). The median age at diagnosis was 6.4 years (IQR 3.1–12.4), with a median follow-up of 45.7 months (IQR 28.8–92.4). There were 48 patients (44.9%) with oligo arthritis, and 26 children (24.3%) with rheumatoid-factor negative polyarthritis. Of these, 52/107 (48.6%) developed AEs, with the most frequent being gastrointestinal symptoms (35.6%) and behavioural problems (35.6%). An age older than 6 years at the beginning of therapy increased the risk of developing AEs, both in the univariate (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.5–7.3) and multivariate (12% increase per year) analyses. The doses used, administration route, or clinical form according to International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) clasiification, were not associated with the development of AEs. Twenty children required a dosage or route of administration modification, which resolved the AE in 11 (55%) cases. MTX was interrupted due to the development of AEs in 37/107patients (34.6%), mainly due to increased plasma transaminases (n = 14, 37.8%), gastrointestinal symptoms (n = 9, 24.3%) and behavioural problems (n = 6, 16.3%). Conclusions: MTX is the therapy of choice for patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, but50% of the children develop some form of AE. Although the AEs are not severe, they lead to interruption of therapy in 35% of the children. Resumen: Introducción: El metotrexato (MTX) es el fármaco sistémico más utilizado en el tratamiento de pacientes con artritis idiopática juvenil. Su efectividad viene limitada por el desarrollo deefectos adversos (EA). Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo de la frecuencia y tipo de EA asociados a MTX en pacientes con artritis idiopática juvenil seguidos en un hospital terciario en el periodo 2008-2016. Resultados: Se estudió a 107 pacientes, 71/107 mujeres (66.3%) con edad al diagnóstico de 6,4 años (RIC 3,1-12,4) durante una mediana de seguimiento de 45,7 meses (RIC 28,8-92,4). El 44.9% (48 pacientes) tenía oligoartritis y el 24.3% (n = 26) poliartritis factor-reumatoide negativo. El 48.6% (52/107) desarrolló EA, siendo los más frecuentes los síntomas gastrointestinales y los trastornos conductuales (35.6% cada uno). La edad mayor de 6 años al inicio del tratamiento aumentaba el riesgo de desarrollar EA, tanto en el estudio univariable (OR = 3,5; IC95% 1,5-7,3) como en el multivariable (aumento del riesgo del 12% por año). La dosis, vía de administración o forma clínica según la clasificación de la Liga Internacional de Asociaciones de Reumatología (ILAR) no presentaban relación con el desarrollo de EA. Veinte niños precisaron cambio de dosis o vía de administración, resolviéndose el EA en 11 (55%). MTX se suspendió en 37/107 pacientes (34.6%) por EA, principalmente por hipertransaminasemia (n = 14; 37.8%), síntomas gastrointestinales (n = 9; 24.3%) y trastornos conductuales (n = 6; 16.3%). Conclusiones: MTX es el tratamiento de elección de niños con artritis idiopática juvenil pero produce EA en prácticamente el 50% de los pacientes. Aunque estos EA no son graves, obligan a interrumpir el tratamiento en el 35%.

The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is aimed at controlling synovitis and preventing joint injuries, which start early in the course of the disease and can result in disability. Patients with active RA should be treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in the early stage of the disease, the most common used for the initial treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is methotrexate, however, sometimes, alternative agents, such as the antirheumatic drug, have been needed. modifier of the initial disease, instead of methotrexate. Alternatives to methotrexate are sometimes used for the initial treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the choice of an alternative agent to methotrexate is largely based on the severity of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se describe el caso clínico de una paciente con diagnóstico histológico de mastitis granulomatosa idiopática, enfermedad poco frecuente en la que se utilizan inmunosupresores como tratamiento descripto y puede confundirse con otras entidades atendidas en la especialidad. Se describe el caso y se realiza una revisión de la literatura.

O risco infecioso associado a terapêutica biológica é cada vez mais estudado e conhecido, existindo estratégias de rastreio e profilaxia bem estabelecidas. O mesmo não se verifica na utilização de corticoide sistémico nem dos tradicionais modificadores de doença autoimune, de que são exemplo o metotrexato e a ciclosporina, apesar de usados há largos anos. A dose e tempo de terapêutica com corticoide sistémico relacionam-se com a ocorrência de infeção oportunista. Doses superiores a 5 mg/dia associam-se a infeção bacteriana, superiores a 10 mg/dia a reativação de infeção por vírus herpes zoster (VHZ), e superiores a 15 mg/dia ou por mais de 2 a 4 semanas a reativação de tuberculose latente, o que implica rastreio e aplicação de quimioprofilaxia de forma adequada. O corticoide sistémico surge ainda como dos principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de pneumocistose no doente não-VIH e doses prolongadas (por mais de 4 semanas) podem levar a reativação de infeção por vírus da hepatite B (VHB) e justificar a profilaxia com tenofovir disoproxil fumarato ou entecavir. Foram ainda descritos casos de estrongiloidíase complicada de síndrome de hiperinfeção em doentes sob corticoide. O grau de imunossupressão conferido pode contraindicar a realização de vacinas vivas atenuadas. O metotrexato e ciclosporina comportam baixo risco infecioso quando utilizados em monoterapia, sendo a vigilância de sintomas a principal estratégia preventiva. Não obstante, ambos são imunomoduladores, contraindicam a realização de vacinas vivas atenuadas e associam-se a risco de infeção bacteriana e reativação de infeção por VHZ, no caso da ciclosporina, ou reativação de infeção por VHZ e VHB no caso do metotrexato, sobretudo se administrado em dose >0,4 mg/kg/semana. Ambos se associam a evolução para tuberculose ativa quando em associação terapêutica com outros imunossupressores. Compreender e estudar o risco de infeção na utilização de terapêutica imunossupressora permite a sua aplicação de forma mais informada e segura.

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis is a rare drug-induced eruption that is characterized by sterile non-follicular pustules arising on an often edematous diffuse erythematous background. Generalized pustular psoriasis is an acute and severe clinical form of psoriasis presenting as pustular eruption with erythematous base. Differentiating both diseases is often challenging because of their clinical and histopathological similarities. A 62-year-old woman presented with pustular eruption and fever three days after taking propyphenazone. Laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis and neutrophilia. Histopathological findings revealed a subcorneal spongiform pustule filled with neutrophils and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration with neutrophils in the dermis. She was initially treated with systemic steroids, however, the lesions showed insignificant improvement. Treatment was then shifted to methotrexate which resulted in a dramatic clinical improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: en los últimos años se viene presentando un fenómeno de disminución en las defunciones vinculadas al embarazo ectópico gracias a los avances en el diagnóstico precoz, lo que a su vez abrió las puertas al tratamiento médico con metotrexate en pacientes seleccionadas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es reportar la experiencia del tratamiento con metotrexate en el departamento de Paysandú y determinar secundariamente la satisfacción de las usuarias frente a éste y su fertilidad posterior. Método: se presenta un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, de los embarazos ectópicos tubarios tratados con metotrexate en Paysandú, durante el período del 1º de enero de 2014 al 31 de diciembre de 2017, comprendiendo cuatro años. Se consideró fracaso del tratamiento médico cuando fue necesario tratamiento quirúrgico y se definió como fertilidad futura al tiempo que transcurrió hasta lograr una gestación intrauterina espontánea. Resultados: se registraron 67 embarazos ectópicos en cuatro años, 13 recibieron metotrexate intramuscular con un porcentaje de éxito de 69,2%. Se determinó una fertilidad posterior de 25%. Conclusiones: el uso de metotrexate en el embarazo ectópico se practica en Paysandú desde hace casi una década con buenos resultados y una buena aceptación por parte de las usuarias.

El lupus eritematoso sistémico es una enfermedad autoinmune crónica, que implica la producción de ciertos anticuerpos en todo el cuerpo y la consecuente inflamación de tejidos conjuntivos, así como afecciones cutáneas, hematológicas y cardiovasculares, entre otras. Se ha postulado su procedencia genética, ambiental o inmunológica, incluso de factores hormonales, pero en realidad su etiología es desconocida. El tratamiento convencional se basa en la severidad de sus manifestaciones clínicas. La primera línea de tratamiento es la administración de fármacos antipalúdicos, inmunosupresores, glucocorticoides y metotrexato. Por muchos años, estos han sido de ayuda para los pacientes que sufren esta enfermedad. Lamentablemente, son muy poco selectivos, por lo que causan graves efectos adversos. Ante esta situación, se ha probado el uso de terapias biológicas, las cuales presentan la ventaja de ser más específicas. Una de estas son los anticuerpos monoclonales, como el belimumab, que han disminuido los riesgos de brotes y han mejorado la actividad serológica de los pacientes. Como en el caso del lupus eritematoso sistémico, cada día se está ampliando la investigación enfocada en terapia biológica para el tratamiento de distintas enfermedades autoinmunes.

The infectious risk associated with biological therapy is well studied today and screening and prophylaxis strategies have been stablished. However, this may not be true for systemic steroids or DMARDs (disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs) such as methotrexate and cyclosporine, even after long term use. The dose and duration of therapy with systemic steroids are related to the occurrence of opportunistic infection. Doses above 5 mg/day are associated with bacterial infection, above 10 mg/day with herpes zoster virus (HZV) reactivation, and above 15 mg/day or for more than 2 to 4 weeks with tuberculosis reactivation, which implies proper screening and chemoprophylaxis. Systemic steroids also appear as one of the main risk factors for the development of pneumocystosis in non-HIV patients and prolonged doses, for more than 4 weeks, can lead to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection reactivation, and justify the beginning of prophylaxis with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or entecavir. Cases of strongyloidiasis with hyperinfection syndrome have also been reported in patients on steroids. The degree of immunosuppression conferred may contraindicate live attenuated vaccines. Methotrexate and cyclosporine have a low infectious risk when used as monotherapy. Symptom surveillance is the main preventive strategy. However, both are immunomodulators, contraindicate live attenuated vaccines administration and are associated with infectious risk. Cyclosporine can lead to bacterial infection and HZV reactivation, and methotrexate is associated with HZV and HBV reactivation, especially if administered at a dose >0.4 mg/kg/week. Both are linked with active tuberculosis when in therapeutic combination with other immunosuppressants. Understanding and studying the risk of infection when using immunosuppressive therapy allows its use in a more informed and safe manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: Os medicamentos de alerta máximo têm um potencial de causar dano ao doente em caso de utilização incorreta, devido à gravidade dos seus efeitos adversos. O metotrexato (MTX) é um antimetabolito frequentemente utilizado no tratamento de doenças reumatológicas e um exemplo de medicamento de alerta máximo. Descrição de caso: Apresenta-se o caso de um doente de 64 anos que recorreu ao médico de família por quadro de disfagia, sensação de globus faríngeo, lesões cutâneas eritematosas pruriginosas e halitose. À observação apresentava extensa mucosite oral com edema da orofaringe. Após revisão terapêutica constatou-se que, por erro de interpretação, estaria a fazer diariamente 17,5mg de MTX com pausa semanal. Foi então referenciado ao serviço de urgência para observação por ORL e dermatologia e investigação adicional do quadro, nomeadamente de eventual toxicidade medular. Comentário: A forma mais comum de toxicidade por MTX é a sobredosagem acidental pelo doente, geralmente com efeitos secundários graves, podendo mesmo ser fatal. Este caso permite refletir sobre alguns aspetos importantes na segurança do medicamento com este tipo de fármacos.

Introdução: A quimioterapia, uma das formas de tratamento de neoplasias malignas, tem sua administração associada a inúmeras drogas, sendo uma delas o metotrexato (MTX), de alta toxicidade, responsável por inúmeros fatores agravantes para a saúde e bem-estar do paciente. Uma das principais complicações é a mucosite oral, manifestação clínica resultante do tratamento oncológico que pode interferir no tratamento e na cura. Objetivo: Avaliar, comparativamente, por meio de um estudo retrospectivo, o efeito do laser preventivo na ocorrência da mucosite oral quimioinduzida em pacientes com osteossarcoma não metastático submetidos a altas doses de MTX, bem como a intensidade da mucosite oral, utilizando o laser preventivo após os ciclos quimioterápicos contendo o medicamento MTX nos pacientes atendidos no Hospital de Câncer infantojuvenil de Barretos/SP. Método: Estudo de coorte com coleta retrospectiva em prontuários. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, um submetido à terapia profilática com laser de baixa intensidade após infusão do MTX e outro grupo não submetido a essa terapia. Resultados: Os dados obtidos mostraram que houve redução da gravidade da mucosite oral com o uso da laserterapia preventiva, com resultados estatisticamente significativos (p

Medicações sistêmicas orais como ciclosporina (CYA) ou metotrexato (MTX) para tratamento de psoríase tem biodisponibilidade limitada devido à absorção incompleta gastrointestinal e metabolização de primeira passagem hepática. Além disso, estão associados a efeitos adversos. A aplicação de CYA ou MTX através da Microinfusão de Medicamentos pela pele (MMP®) para tratamento de psoríase vulgar mostrou resposta terapêutica com redução significativa de lesões, sem indução de efeitos colaterais. Neste relato, descrevemos 4 casos de psoríase vulgar tratados com MMP® com CYA ou MTX.

To analyse the clinical / epidemiological data, the management and the treatments established in patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid in a Rheumatology Service. Review of clinical histories of patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid referred by ophthalmology between 2008 and 2019. In our series of 27 patients, 67% were diagnosed and referred in the last 2 years. Most in Foster stage 1. Of the patients, 18.5% presented associated Sjogren's syndrome, with poor progression: 88.8% received Methotrexate, 74% used it as monotherapy and 66% continued with said treatment up to the end. Eighteen point five percent had to combine or rotate therapies, the drugs used were mycophenolate, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, sirolimus, etanercept, rituximab: 29% used steroids. Only in 2 eyes was stage progression observed. There were no serious adverse events, and 37% had mild adverse events. Starting immunosuppressive therapy early is essential, methotrexate being a good initial alternative in our experience, and treatment must be escalated in line with disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Cervical ectopic pregnancy is the implantation of the embryo in the lining of the endocervical canal lining. It represents less than 1% of all ectopic pregnancies. Case description: We report two patients who come to the emergency room for transvaginal bleeding. The diagnosis of cervical ectopic pregnancy was made by transvaginal ultrasound (7- and 8-weeks' gestation). Treatment was started with methotrexate (28-year-old patient) and methotrexatefolinic acid (35-year-old patient). Due to the increase in human chorionic gonadotropin hormone, it was decided to perform an abdominal hysterectomy (28-year-old patient) and McDonald-type cervical curettagecerclage (35-year-old patient). There were no complications after surgery in both patients. Conclusions: The treatment of cervical ectopic pregnancy is controversial. The most appropriate therapy should be chosen to preserve fertility and avoid complications such as bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina Naturista is the property of Sociedad Europea de Medicina Naturista Clasica (Seccion Espanola) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El proyecto AR Excellence evalúa la atención clínica a los pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) en España. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la utilización de metotrexato (MTX) en AR Excellence y compararla con las recomendaciones vigentes. Se revisó a pacientes con AR que habían iniciado tratamiento con MTX, recogiendo datos demográficos, dosificación, vías de administración, combinaciones con otros fármacos antirreumáticos modificadores de enfermedad (FAME), tiempo hasta combinación con otro FAME (convencional o biológico) y efectos adversos. Se incluyó a 625 pacientes con AR (edad media de 55,1 años; 70,6% mujeres), con una duración media de la AR de 21,3 meses. El 90% inició tratamiento con MTX. La dosis media de inicio fue de 11 mg semanales; en el 58% de los casos se incrementó la dosis. El tiempo medio hasta alcanzar la dosis plena de MTX (20 mg semanales) fue de 6,67 meses. El tiempo hasta la combinación de MTX con otro FAME sintético o biológico fue de 3 meses. El 67,4% de los pacientes recibieron el MTX por vía oral y el 18,6%, subcutáneo. En el 12% de los casos se cambió la vía de administración, transcurrida una media de tiempo de 6 meses. En 544 pacientes se asociaron suplementos de folato. El 17,3% de los sujetos presentaron acontecimientos adversos por MTX. El MTX es el fármaco sobre el que pivota el tratamiento de la AR. El subanálisis del proyecto AR Excellence nos informa de que la escalada a sus dosis plenas no se realiza con la rapidez adecuada. La vía subcutánea se utiliza en pocos pacientes. The AR Excellence project evaluates clinical monitoring in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Spain. The aim of the study was to analyze the use of methotrexate (MTX) in the AR Excellence cohort and to compare it with current recommendations. We collected data from RA patients who initiated treatment with MTX. They included demographics, dose and routes of administration, switching among them, highest dose in each route, combinations with other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), time to combination with another DMARD (either conventional or biological) and adverse events. Six hundred twenty-five patients with RA (mean age 55 years; 70.6% women) were included, with an average disease duration of 21 months. Ninety percent of the patients initiated treatment with MTX. Therapy was begun with a mean dose of 11 mg per week; this initial dose was increased in 58% of the individuals. The average time to reach the full dose of MTX (20 mg a week) was 6,67 months. Time to combination of MTX with another DMARD, either synthetic or biological, was 3 months. In all, 67.4% of the patients received oral MTX and the route was subcutaneous in 18.6%. In 12% of the cases, there was a change in the route of administration after a period of 6 months. In 544 patients, folate supplements were added to MTX; MTX-related adverse events were detected in 17.3% of the patients. MTX is currently the pivotal treatment in RA. The subanalysis of the AR Excellence project demonstrates that MTX escalation to its full doses is not done with adequate speed. The subcutaneous route is used in a small proportion of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: Metotrexato (MTX) es la medicación más utilizada en pacientes con Artritis Reumatoidea (AR). Sin embargo, varios autores han cuestionado su éxito debido a la frecuente presencia de eventos adversos y la consiguiente falta de adherencia al tratamiento. Objetivos: determinar la sobrevida al tratamiento con MTX, eventos adversos y causas de discontinuación en pacientes con AR. Material y métodos: se incluyeron pacientes ≥18 años de edad con diagnóstico de AR (criterios ACR/EULAR 2010), en forma consecutiva, que hubiesen iniciado en algún momento tratamiento con MTX. Se consignaron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y terapéuticos. Se determinó fecha de inicio y suspensión de MTX, forma de administración, tratamientos concomitantes, consumo de café y tabaco, como también presencia de eventos adversos (EA). La adherencia se evaluó utilizando el cuestionario Compliance Questionnaire Rheumatology de 5 ítems (CQR5). Análisis estadístico: estadística descriptiva. Test Chi2 o test exacto de Fisher. Sobrevida del tratamiento por Kaplan-Meier y log Rank. Regresión logística múltiple. Una p

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La cumplimentación del tratamiento modificador de la enfermedad es esencial para alcanzar los objetivos terapéuticos en la artritis reumatoide (AR). Sin embargo, y a pesar de la necesidad de una buena adherencia, existe evidencia de que muchos pacientes con AR no cumplen adecuadamente con la prescripción del tratamiento indicado con fármacos moduladores de la enfermedad de acción lenta (FAME) sintéticos o convencionales. Conscientes de la importancia de este hecho, el estudio sobre observancia terapéutica en AR (estudio OBSERVAR) tiene como objetivo principal valorar los motivos de la falta de adherencia terapéutica a los FAME sintéticos en estos pacientes. Mediante un proceso Delphi entre 18 reumatólogos españoles seleccionados aleatoriamente se determinó el grado de acuerdo con 66 causas de incumplimiento seleccionadas de la bibliografía, en relación con los FAME sintéticos en la AR. Los motivos de incumplimiento fueron consistentes en el 75,7%, si bien 3 razones (4,5%) destacaron como muy consistentes: 1) desconocer qué hacer cuando se sufre un acontecimiento adverso con el FAME; 2) no llevar a cabo métodos de cribado de la adherencia por el personal sanitario para detectar a los «pacientes incumplidores» de forma temprana y 3) no aplicar intervenciones o estrategias que mejoren la adherencia terapéutica. Para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento de la AR con FAME sintéticos se debe informar al paciente de cada tratamiento nuevo introducido, incorporar el perfil de cumplimiento del paciente en la rutina clínica, y reforzar la motivación del paciente al cumplimiento terapéutico mediante los métodos a nuestro alcance. Treatment compliance with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) is essential to achieve the therapeutic goals in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, despite the need for good compliance, there is evidence that patients with RA frequently fail to use DMARD for the control of RA. Thus, the main objective of the OBSERVAR study is to evaluate the reasons for the lack of therapeutic adherence to synthetic DMARD in these patients. A Delphi process involving 18 randomly selected Spanish rheumatologists determined the level of agreement with 66 causes of noncompliance selected from the literature in relation to synthetic DMARD in RA. The reasons for noncompliance were consistent in 75.7%, although 3 reasons (4.5%) were highly consistent: 1) not knowing what to do in the case of an adverse event with DMARD; 2) not having undergone adherence screening by health personnel for early detection of "noncompliant patients"; and 3) not having undergone interventions or strategies that improve adherence. In order to improve adherence to RA treatment with synthetic DMARD, the patient should be adequately informed of each new treatment introduced, the patient's compliance profile should be incorporated into the clinical routine and the patient's motivation for therapeutic compliance be reinforced through the methods available to us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the efficacy and side effects of methotrexate and leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as the first disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies that included patients who took methotrexate, leflunomide, placebo or another DMARD for RA treatment. A systematic review yielded 1971 articles from databases; once completely reviewed, 73 trials that completed inclusion criteria were selected. In structured workshops for discussion and assessment of each article, 6 could be meta-analyzed for the primary and secondary outcomes: achievement of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20 and its core set components; and change of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-Di), liver enzyme aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase ratio, new gastrointestinal (GI) side effects and infections. A total of 1984 patients were included: 986 took leflunomide and 998 methotrexate. The probability of achieving ACR 20 had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74, 1.06) with a trend toward favoring methotrexate; reduction of the swollen joint count was greater for methotrexate: mean difference = 0.82 (95%CI 0.24, 1.39); tender joint count, physician global assessment, HAQ-Di, and serum CRP levels revealed no significant difference between groups. Increased liver enzymes were more frequent in the leflunomide group, OR = 0.38 (95%CI 0.27, 0.53), and new GI complaints were more common with methotrexate (OR = 1.44; 95%CI 1.17, 1.79). There was no difference in the incidence of non-severe infections. Leflunomide used as the first DMARD in RA seemed to be as efficacious as methotrexate; only the reduction of swollen joint count was more marked for methotrexate. Leflunomide was linked to a greater increase in liver enzymes, but there were fewer GI complaints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Médica de Rosario is the property of Circulo Medico de Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is a non-infectious inflammatory of unknown etiology. Case description: ABA, female, 16 years old, was admitted with a pain in her left thigh. At the time, it was suspected to be caused by a tumor, and a bone scintigraphy was requested, which evidenced a focal area of increased uptake in the distal metadiaphyseal area of the left femur. A bone biopsy was performed, and its result was compatible with chronic osteomyelitis. The patient started taking pamidronate (withdrawn due to treatment failure) and methotrexate (subsequently suspended due to urticarial reaction). After some years of clinical stability, a new focal area of osteomyelitis appeared, in the distal right femur. The use of anti-TNF (infliximab) was chosen, resulting in an improvement of the algic state. Discussion: the diagnosis of CNO is made by process of elimination and is based on clinical, laboratorial, radiological, bacteriological and histological data. Non-hormonal anti-inflammatory and bisphosphonate drugs are recommended as initial therapy. Disease-modifying drugs, steroids and anti-TNFα have been used in severe and recurring cases. Conclusion: the authors present a CNO case with good response to anti-TNFα after treatment failure with bisphosphonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]