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There is a remarkable gap between scientific experts and the nonscientific public regarding the safety of food imported from nuclear-contaminated areas in Japan. How socio-scientific issues such as post-Fukushima food imports are framed in media discourse may have effects on the way people perceive and reason about potential threats, and, in turn, influence government-initiated policies and regulations. In this study, semantic network analysis is performed to examine the diverse media representations of post-Fukushima food imports across information-seeking sources (mass media and search-based media) and three Chinese societies (Hong Kong, Mainland China, and Taiwan). We found that media representation of the crisis differs across sources and sociopolitical contexts. It is also discussed how these channel-specific and contextual factors may affect public opinion. This knowledge can enhance regulatory authorities’ informed decision-making about food safety issues, guide crisis professionals’ communication efforts, and call for a more context-sensitive approach to public health crisis management.

Twitter aggregates, in real time, the most popular search terms as trending lists and allows users to learn what is happening in the world. However, reports worldwide have found that networks of humans and bots often hijack Twitter’s trending algorithm to push false narratives. However, do Twitter trending lists influence individuals’ social and personal agendas? This study examines the extent to which Twitter trends shape individuals’ perceptions of social reality. Through a 2 (exposure vs. no exposure to Twitter trends) × 2 (high vs. low context familiarity) online experiment (N = 319), we found that (1) Twitter trends significantly shape people’s perceived social agendas and ultimately influence their personal agendas and (2) context similarity significantly influences both social and personal agendas, and the effects are consistent across different context levels. This study focuses on the individual-level agenda-setting effect of social media trends and provides practical implications for social platform responsibility.

Ferroptosis, a cohering network integrating iron, amino acids, lipids, and redox chemicals together，is a unique regulated cell death (RCD). Iron overload, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation all contribute to the onset of ferroptosis. In recent years, a growing body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis is associated with some female reproductive diseases. The purpose of our review is to give a brief description of ferroptosis activation mechanism and relationship to female reproductive diseases including infertility, pregnancy associated diseases and ovarian cancer.

There are many advantages of reasonably determining the affected zone and its construction sequence for the multiline parallel pipe-jacking construction, such as convenient to reasonably arrange the pipeline section distribution mode, reducing the construction safety risk, and construction difficulty. Combined with the engineering construction practice of the multiline parallel pipe-jacking project for the north city drainage and flood control project through Chu River in Hefei, the strength reduction method has been utilized to study the surrounding stratum FOS for the pipe-jacking construction unloading under different overburden thickness Hs, different clear distance D, and different river water depth Hw in this paper. The formula of the minimum critical overburden thickness Hsmin and the minimum critical clear distance Dmin of the surrounding stratum self-stability during pipe-jacking construction unloading have been derived. The division method of the affected zone for the multiline parallel river-crossing pipe-jacking construction which behaves as the mutual influence nonself-stability zone, the mutual influence self-stability zone, and the no mutual influence self-stability zone has been proposed. For further discussion, the construction sequence of the multiline parallel river-crossing pipe jacking has been studied.

In order to accurately predict the seismic fragility of an aqueduct system, the General Product of Conditional Marginal (G-PCM) method was applied to the seismic fragility analysis of the aqueduct structural system, consisting of interrelated components such as the aqueduct body, pier, and support. First, a finite element dynamic analysis model of a three-span aqueduct with an equidistant simply-supported beam was established, based on the OpenSees platform. The uncertainties of structure, ground motion, and structural capacity were considered, and then the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method was used to calculate the seismic fragility of the three individual components, such as the aqueduct pier, the plate rubber bearing at the cap beam, and the PTFE sliding plate bearing at the aqueduct platform. Subsequently, seismic fragility curves of the aqueduct system were established using the G-PCM method and were compared with the traditional second-order bound method. The results showed that the two bearings of the aqueduct are more likely to be damaged than the pier; the failure probability of the aqueduct system is higher than that of any single component; and the seismic fragility curves of the aqueduct system acquired via the G-PCM method were all within the range of the failure probability obtained by the second-order bound method and had a better accuracy, which is suitable for the seismic fragility analysis of multi-failure mode aqueduct systems.

Myrmenaphthol A is a structurally unique phenolic steroid with a naphthyl AB-ring system and an unusual C2 hydroxy group. Herein, we report the first total synthesis of this natural product in 10 steps from inexpensive, commercially available sitolactone. Key features of the synthesis include a Baran decarboxylative coupling and a Friedel-Crafts cyclization/olefin isomerization/aromatization cascade that rapidly assembled the tetracyclic core framework. This synthetic strategy is expected to be readily amenable to the synthesis of other phenolic steroids.

Drawing upon the approach of strategic framing, this study investigated how China’s state-run media mobilize foreign propaganda machine and use specific patterns to describe the 2019 Hong Kong protests on Twitter. It also shed light on the heterogeneity of both production and reception of the strategic frames used by state media. Structural topic modeling was employed to analyze a large amount of Twitter content (i.e., 14,412 tweets) posted by 13 verified organizational accounts, and six strategic frames were identified as conflicts and violence, calling for stability and order, marginalizing protests, criticizing the West as accomplices, delegitimizing protests, and social and economic disruption. These frames highlighted insider–outsider and causes and consequences as two overarching communication strategies. The results also revealed that the bureaucratic rank of state media and the engagement rate of each tweet were closely associated with the content prevalence of various strategic frames. In addition to enhancing our understanding of the construction of “protest paradigm” against the social media context, these empirical findings uncover the often overlooked mobility and flexibility of China’s state media discourse as well as the communication ecology shaped and consolidated by the increasing importance state media communicators attach to online engagement metrics.

Dysphagia often occurs during Parkinson's disease (PD) and can have severe consequences. Recently, neuromodulatory techniques have been used to treat neurogenic dysphagia. Here we aimed to compare the neurophysiological and swallowing effects of three different types of neurostimulation, 5 Hertz (Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), 1 Hz rTMS and pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) in patients with PD.12 PD patients with dysphagia were randomised to receive either 5 Hz rTMS, 1 Hz rTMS, or PES. In a cross-over design, patients were assigned to one intervention and received both real and sham stimulation. Patients received a baseline videofluoroscopic (VFS) assessment of their swallowing, enabling penetration aspiration scores (PAS) to be calculated for: thin fluids, paste, solids and cup drinking. Swallowing timing measurements were also performed on thin fluid swallows only. They then had baseline recordings of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from both pharyngeal and (as a control) abductor pollicis brevis (APB) cortical areas using single-pulse TMS. Subsequently, the intervention was administered and post interventional TMS recordings were taken at 0 and 30 minutes followed by a repeat VFS within 60 minutes of intervention.All interventions were well tolerated. Due to lower than expected recruitment, statistical analysis of the data was not undertaken. However, with respect to PAS swallowing timings and MEP amplitudes, there was small but visible difference in the outcomes between active and sham.PES, 5 Hz rTMS and 1 Hz rTMS are tolerable interventions in PD related dysphagia. Due to small patient numbers no definitive conclusions could be drawn from the data with respect to individual interventions improving swallowing function and comparative effectiveness between interventions. Larger future studies are needed to further explore the efficacy of these neuromodulatory treatments in Parkinson's Disease associated dysphagia.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a non-invasive cancer treatment method with few side effects comparing with traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, we are now facing many challenges such as limited PTT efficacy under low laser power, biosafety problem and lack of multifunctional agents in PTT. To address them, we take advantages of low toxicity and high specific surface area of nano graphene oxide (GO) and developed a versatile nanoplatform with BaHoF5 nanoparticles deposited on GO. The as-synthesized GO/BaHoF5/PEG nanocomposite shows good bio-compatibility and it can accumulate in tumors via enhanced permeability and retention effect. The BaHoF5 nanoparticles endow the nanocomposite with high-field magnetic resonance/computed tomography dual-modal bio-imaging functions. A heat shock protein 90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 is loaded on GO/BaHoF5/PEG to perform sensitized PTT against cervical carcinoma cancer. By making tumor cells more sensitive to hyperthermia, we achieve effective tumor PTT with a mild laser power by one irradiation using the GO/BaHoF5/PEG/NVP-AUY922 nano-platform. This study may provide useful information for future low-laser-hazard PTT study and facilitate this therapy towards clinical trial.

A 10-step gram-scale synthesis of 9,11-secosteroid pinnisterol E from the inexpensive ergosterol is reported. This synthesis features a series of highly selective redox transformations such as regioselective olefin hydrogenation (PtO

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) plays a role in preventing and treating COVID-19 in China. Based on the manifestations and symptoms of COVID-19, our study used the data mining method to summarize related therapeutic experience left by predecessors who used TCM to treat epidemics in their eras. Initially, we collected abundant medical records with similar manifestations of COVID-19 in Chinese ancient times. The key words including wen (), yi (), li (), and zhang () were searched in ZhongyiZhiku (https://www.zk120.com/) from Warring States Period (475 BC-221 BC) to the Republic of China era (1912-1949) to locate ancient medical records according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Moreover, COVID-19-related manifestations and corresponding medications in those records were categorized. Eventually, Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System version 2.5 was used to build a medical record database of TCM treating COVID-19. Our study collected 263 epidemic medical records comprising COVID-19 related manifestations and found that Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) combinations excavated from ancient medical records included Ren Shen Bai Du San, Wu Ling San, Xiao Chai Hu Tang, Da Cheng Qi Tang, Da Chai Hu Tang, Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang, and Qing Wen Bai Du Yin. The recurrent CMMs with a high frequency for treating COVID-19 manifestations were Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin), Paeoniae Alba Radix (Bai Shao), Poria (Fu Ling), and Bupleuri Radix (Chai Hu). Our study suggests that TCM might offer new therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.中医药在预防和治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎中发挥重要作用。为了应对该病并探索中医药治疗的方法，本项研究基于其临床表现，采用数据挖掘的方法，总结前人留下的宝贵的治疗经验。首先收集大量古代与该病症状相似的医案，根据纳入标准和排除标准，在中医智库(https://www.zk120.com/)中查找从战国(公元前475-公元前221年)至中华民国(1912-1949)时期包含关键词瘟、疫、疠、瘴的医案。随后，用EXCEL分类医案中与该病相关的症状及其所使用的方药。最后，利用中医传承发展平台(TCMISS) 2.5版创建了中医治疗的医案数据库。研究结果共收集263份包含该病相关症状的医案，并根据挖掘出的药物组合锁定人参败毒散、五苓散、小柴胡汤、大承气汤、大柴胡汤、苓桂术甘汤及清瘟败毒饮，同时发现治疗该病的高频次药物包括黄芩、白芍、茯苓及柴胡。研究表明，中医药为新型冠状病毒肺炎的治疗提供了有价值的策略。.

Introduction: Dysphagia often occurs during Parkinson’s disease (PD) and can have severe consequences. Recently, neuromodulatory techniques have been used to treat neurogenic dysphagia. Here we aimed to compare the neurophysiological and swallowing effects of three different types of neurostimulation, 5 Hertz (Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), 1 Hz rTMS and pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES). Method: 12 PD patients with dysphagia were randomised to receive either 5 Hz rTMS, 1 Hz rTMS, or PES. In a cross-over design, patients were assigned to one intervention and received both real and sham stimulation. Patients received a baseline videofluoroscopic (VFS) assessment of their swallowing, enabling penetration aspiration scores (PAs) to be calculated for: thin fluids, paste, solids and cup drinking. Swallowing timing measurements were also performed on thin fluid swallows only. They then had baseline recordings of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from both pharyngeal and (as a control) abductor pollicis brevis (APB) cortical areas using single-pulse TMS. Subsequently, the intervention was administered and post interventional TMS recordings were taken at 0 and 30 minutes followed by a repeat VFS within 60 minutes of intervention. Results: All interventions were well tolerated. Due to lower than expected recruitment, statistical analysis of the data was not undertaken. However, with respect to PAs swallowing timings and MEP amplitudes, there was visual separation in a positive direction between active and sham groups for all interventions. Conclusion: PES, 5 Hz rTMS and 1 Hz rTMS are tolerable interventions in PD related dysphagia. Due to small patient numbers no definitive conclusions could be drawn from the data with respect to individual interventions improving swallowing function and comparative effectiveness between interventions. Larger future studies are needed to further explore the efficacy of these neuromodulatory treatments in Parkinson’s Disease associated dysphagia.

To examine the swallowing characteristics in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dysphagia risk and explore brain activity changes using regional homogeneity (ReHo) with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). We included 28 patients with MCI and dysphagia risk and 17 age-matched older adults. All participants underwent neurological, cognitive examinations, and a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS). We quantitatively analyzed the VFSS temporal and kinetic parameters of the 5- and 10-mL swallows. The participants underwent rs-fMRI, and the ReHo values were calculated. Differences in the swallowing physiology and rs-fMRI findings between participants with MCI and controls were analyzed. Correlation analyses were also conducted. Compared to the control group, patients with MCI and dysphagia risk had lower global cognition scores, longer 10-mL oral transit times (OTTs), and lower executive function scores. ReHo in the bilateral inferior occipital lobes (IOLs) and left prefrontal lobe decreased in patients with MCI and dysphagia risk compared to participants in the control group. In patients with MCI, the 10-mL OTT was negatively correlated with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, and the ReHo values were positive correlated with quantitative temporal swallowing measurements using canonical correlation analysis. Mediation analysis revealed that the ReHo values of the left and right IOL acted as significant mediators between the MoCA score and the 10-mL OTT. We found that individuals with MCI and dysphagia risk, verified by reduced MoCA scores, demonstrated prolonged OTTs when swallowing larger boluses compared with age-matched controls. There was a negative correlation between the MoCA score and 10-mL OTT, which was partially mediated by the left and right IOL ReHo values, suggesting that functional changes in the IOLs and left prefrontal lobe associated with oral swallowing status and cognitive level in individuals with MCI and dysphagia risk.

Herein we report that peptide dendrimers G3KL and TNS18, which were recently reported to control multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii, strongly inhibit biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa PA14 below their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value, under which conditions they also strongly affect swarming motility. Eradication of preformed biofilms, however, required concentrations above the MIC values. Scanning electron microscopy observation and confocal laser scanning micrographs showed that peptide dendrimers can destroy the biofilm morphological structure and thickness in a dose-dependent manner, even make the biofilm dispersed completely. Membrane potential analysis indicated that planktonic cells treated with peptide dendrimers presented an increase in fluorescence intensity, suggesting that cytoplasmic membrane could be the target of G3KL and TNS18 similarly to polymyxin B. RNA-seq analysis showed that the expressions of genes in the arnBCADTEF operon-regulating lipid A modification resulting in resistance to AMPs are differentially affected between these three compounds, suggesting that each compound targets the cell membrane but in different manner. Potent activity on planktonic cells and biofilms of P. aeruginosa suggests that peptide dendrimers G3KL and TNS18 are promising candidates of clinical development for treating infections.

BackgroundTranscranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) have been shown to have physiological and functional effects on brain excitability and motor behavior. Yet, little is known about their effects in the swallowing system.AimTo examine the effects and optimal stimulation parameters of tACS and tRNS for modulating excitability of human pharyngeal motor cortex.Methods10 Hz (alpha), 20 Hz (beta), 70 Hz (gamma) tACS, 0.1–640 Hz (full-spectrum) tRNS, and sham were applied over pharyngeal motor cortices at 1.5 mA current intensity for 10 min in 15 healthy participants. Pharyngeal motor–evoked and thenar motor–evoked potentials (PMEPs and TMEPs) were assessed before and up to 2 h after stimulation with single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation. Averaged MEP amplitude and latency changes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (rmANOVA).Key ResultsTwo-way rmANOVA across all active interventions demonstrated a significant MEP interaction both in the stimulated pharyngeal cortex (F (4, 56) = 1.731, p = 0.038) and in the ipsilateral thenar cortex (F (4, 56) = 1.506, p = 0.048). Compared to sham, subsequent post hoc tests showed site-specific and sustained (60–120 min) increases in PMEPs with gamma tACS and tRNS (p = 0.005, p = 0.027, respectively) and for TMEPs with beta tACS (p = 0.006).Conclusions and InferencesOur findings suggest that the effects of tACS and tRNS are frequency-dependent and cortical (representation) site-specific with both gamma tACS and full-spectrum tRNS enhancing human pharyngeal cortical excitability. These techniques hold promise as potential treatments for neurological dysphagia.

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AIs) delay digestion of dietary starch by inhibiting α-amylase in the gut, thereby reducing the postprandial glycemia, which is beneficial to the patients with obesity and diabetes. The proteinaceous α-AIs from wheat can effectively control starch digestion and regulate postprandial hyperglycemia. However, their gastric intolerance remains a challenge, which limits its commercial production and industrial application. In this study, sodium alginate/chitosan aerogels loaded with wheat protein α-AIs were prepared and evaluated as potential transportation and protection matrices for important components in food or pharmaceutical applications. Specifically, the biodegradable aerogel cross-linked with sodium alginate-chitosan-calcium chloride, has a large surface area and open porous structure, which can adsorb staple wheat proteins as an integrated edible material to block around 88,660 U/g of α-amylase activity. The aerogel particles were able to protect the activity of wheat α-AIs in the stomach, leading to the slow passage of the wheat α-AIs through the small intestine to inhibit starch digestion more effectively. Animal experiments further showed that the postprandial blood glucose levels in rats were effectively controlled through delayed increase, after administration of wheat protein-functionalized aerogel particles loaded with wheat α-AIs, which are natural biological macromolecules. This is a novel, safe, and economical method for the prevention and pretreatment of diabetes.

Purpose The swallowing motor system and, specifically, its cortical substrates appear to have certain unique properties that make it highly susceptible to brain plasticity, both driven and following injury. Furthermore, neurogenic dysphagia is a common complication of brain disease, associated with poor outcomes, and yet treatment options remain limited. Therefore, translating the physiology of neurostimulation into clinical populations becomes imperative. In this review, we describe therapeutic application of neuroplasticity in the human swallowing motor system by initially examining the role of pharyngeal electrical stimulation from a mechanistic perspective and then reporting on clinical studies using this approach. Thereafter, we explore the application of noninvasive brain stimulation, which has previously been used to treat nervous system disorders such as depression, pain modulation, and cognitive impairment. Transcranial brain stimulations, in particular, transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation, have been utilized by a number of investigators for rehabilitation in early-stage clinical trials, including dysphagia after neurological disease. In this review, we assess its usefulness in neurogenic dysphagia. Conclusion Early studies indicate these emerging neurostimulatory techniques hold future therapeutic promise. However, both a greater number of and larger clinical trials are required to provide evidence delineating their efficacy and scope of application.

The stochastic research and development (R&D) model plays an important role in economic growth theories. To explain the growth performance of the economy under regime switching, we first establish sufficient criteria that ensure economic prosperity, nonprosperity and depression in the R&D model disturbed by white and color noise. Then, we determine the threshold between prosperity and depression. Furthermore, we estimate an upper bound of the growth rates of technological progress and capital accumulation in the prosperity case. The results indicate that color noise sensitively impacts the growth performance of the economy in the R&D model. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to verify our theoretical work.

KEY POINTS Recent studies have proposed therapeutic potential for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in swallowing rehabilitation, yet its outcomes vary across individuals and studies. Such variability may be related to the brain state before stimulation. Metaplasticity is a higher order plasticity which regulates cortical response to plasticity changes. Studies have shown that preconditioning of the hand motor cortex could increase cortical capacity for neuroplastic change and enhance rTMS outcomes. We investigated, for the first time, the directional metaplastic properties in human pharyngeal motor cortex using preconditioned rTMS. We found that preconditioned rTMS with specific time intervals between preconditioning and conditioning rTMS had stronger stimulation effects in both swallowing neurophysiology and behaviour than that without preconditioning. Our results provide evidence for enhanced directional metaplasticity in pharyngeal motor cortex and new insights into its clinical application for dysphagia. ABSTRACT Despite growing evidence that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can be used as a treatment for dysphagia, its efficacy varies across individuals. Such variability may relate to the pre-stimulation state of neuronal activation. Previous studies found that preconditioning the hand motor cortex before rTMS could enhance stimulation outcomes through metaplasticity. No studies have investigated such mechanisms in human pharyngeal motor cortex. Therefore, we investigated the preconditioning effects of rTMS on swallowing neurophysiology and behaviour. Healthy adults were recruited for swallowing neurophysiological (n = 14) and behavioural (n = 14) experiments. They were first given eight different preconditioned (1 and 5 Hz) rTMS interventions with varying inter-rTMS intervals. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were measured before and for 60 min post-rTMS. Based on the changes in pharyngeal MEPs, the optimal preconditioned 1 Hz and 5 Hz rTMS protocols were then applied as interventions while assessing swallowing performance using a reaction time task. We found that 5 Hz rTMS preconditioned with 1 Hz rTMS with 30 min inter-rTMS interval induced the greatest increase on pharyngeal cortical excitability (F1,13 = 21.244; P

A multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform based on nanosized graphene oxide (GO) and MnWO4 has been developed by in situ growth of MnWO4 nanoparticles onto GO surfaces in a hyperthermia polyol medium containing polyethylene glycol (PEG). In comparison with GO and MnWO4/PEG, the near infrared (NIR) absorbance of the produced GO/MnWO4/PEG nanocomposite is significantly improved, resulting in an enhanced photothermal conversion capability and a good photoacoustic (PA) imaging performance. It is worth to note that the longitudinal relaxivity r1 of GO/MnWO4/PEG reaches impressively 11.34 mM−1 s−1 in a 0.5 T magnetic field, which is significantly higher than ordinary Mn(II)-based T1 agents. In vivo magnetic resonance and PA imaging demonstrate that GO/MnWO4/PEG could serve as an efficient bimodal contrast agent to guide the cancer treatment. GO/MnWO4/PEG shows a high loading capacity for anticancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) by noncovalent forces, and the drug release could be triggered by lower pH value and external NIR light. Effective synergistic photothermo-chemotherapy has been performed in xenograft 4T1 tumor models after intravenous administration of GO/MnWO4/PEG/DOX. No obvious toxicity and side effect have been observed during in vivo treatment. These positive results suggest the promising application of GO/MnWO4/PEG as a versatile nanoplatform for multimodal imaging-guided cancer synergistic therapy.

Large-scale infrastructure projects have important strategic positions in economy and social development, especially in developing countries, and are growing constantly larger and more complex. During the life cycle of a large-scale infrastructure project, technological problems and environmental and socio-economic impacts drive relevant scientific research. However, few empirical studies have been conducted to examine the interaction between project and research. In this paper, we use the Three Gorges Project (TGP), which is the world's largest hydropower project, as a case study to find the patterns of scientific research on specific large-scale infrastructure projects. Text mining and other quantitative methods have been used to reveal: (1) the growth of the publication outputs of the TGP relevant research, (2) major research topics and their temporal trends and (3) the effects of language and corresponding author's nationality on topic proportions in papers. We find that topics of engineering issues were discussed more in domestic journals and in earlier stage of the project's life cycle. Meanwhile, topics of environmental issues were discussed more in international journals and became increasingly popular during the life cycle of the project. These findings are useful for policy-makers and project managers to better establish collaborations with the academia and to more properly allocate resources in future project management practices.

Public infrastructure projects are usually controversial and have huge impacts on the environment and society, thus attracting the attention from the broad public. Public understanding of engineering issues is important to the decision-making process of public infrastructure projects, but relevant empirical studies are still lacking in the literature. With a theoretical root of Elaboration Likelihood Model, this study empirically investigates the mechanism of online information adoption about public infrastructure projects based on 1877 answer data collected from Zhihu.com (an popular social Q&A site in China). Regression results show that: (1) information richness has an significantly positive effect on information adoption of an answer, (2) content features including professionalism, personal experience, entertainment, and anti-stigmatization have significantly positive effects on information adoption, (3) source credibility and source attractiveness have significantly positive effects on information adoption, and (4) source attractiveness negatively moderates the effect of information richness on information adoption. This research provides a better understanding of the mechanism of online information adoption and the formation of public opinion on controversial infrastructure projects.

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of dysphagia among an older population and patients with stroke, head and neck cancers (HNCs) or neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) in China, to identify the factors associated with this condition, and to explore the relationship between dysphagia and nutritional status.MethodsThis study included participants 65 years and older living in the community or in nursing homes and patients who had sustained a stroke, HNC, or NDD also recruited in hospitals from 14 provinces of China. The presence of dysphagia was determined by use of a questionnaire, water swallowing test, and/or a videofluoroscopic swallowing study. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the possible associated risk factors. Body mass index was assessed as an indicator of malnutrition.ResultsA total of 5943 persons met the inclusion criteria and 2341 (39.4%) were identified with dysphagia, including the following: 51.14% of patients with stroke, 34.4% in HNCs, 48.3% in NDDs, and 19.2% of otherwise healthy older adults. The elderly with comorbidity (OR = 2.90, p

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) plays a vital role in preventing and treating COVID-19. In order to improve the therapeutic effect, we carried out this study to cope with the pandemic and discover the methods of treating COVID-19 with TCM. Our study collected abundant medical records with similar manifestations of COVID-19 in Chinese ancient times. The key words including wen (), yi (), li (), and zhang () were searched in ZhongyiZhiku (https://www.zk120.com/) from Warring States Period (457-221 BC) to the Republic of China era (1912 - 1949), so as to locate pandemic medical records according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Later, COVID-19 related manifestations and corresponding medications in those records were categorized by EXCEL. Last, Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (TCMISS) version 2.5 was used to build a medical record database of TCM treating COVID-19. Our study collected 263 pandemic medical records comprising COVID-19 related manifestations and found out that Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) combinations excavated from the medical records included Ren Shen Bai Du San, Wu Ling San, Xiao Chai Hu Tang, Da Cheng Qi Tang, Da Chai Hu Tang, Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang, and Qing Wen Bai Du Yin. The recurrent CMMs with a high frequency for treating COVID-19 manifestations were Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin), Paeoniae Alba Radix (Bai Shao), Poria (Fu Ling), and Bupleuri Radix (Chai Hu). Our study suggests that TCM could offer valuable therapeutic strategies for COVID-19. CHINESE ABSTRACT: a€‚i¼Œa€‚ i¼Œ i¼Œ (https://www.zk120.com/) ( 457- 221 ) (1912-1949) a€a€a€a€‚i¼ŒEXCELa€‚i¼Œ (TCMISS) 2.5 a€‚263i¼Œa€a€a€ a€a€i¼Œa€a€a€‚i¼Œ a€‚.