Search

Phones have become pervasive in many teenagers' lives, and outdoor educators are increasingly faced with making decisions regarding technology. This case study sheds light on the complex relationship between teenagers, phones and residential outdoor environmental education by exploring the experiences of participants at a phone-free summer camp in the US. It was conducted over six weeks and gathered evidence from individual interviews, focus group interviews and unstructured conversations. The three main findings were: (1) participants expressed overwhelmingly positive attitudes towards the experience, especially regarding social interactions. (2) This positive experience was perceived to only be possible at CIFC, where an engaging programme and a strong community supported participants in their phone-free experience. (3) As a result of (2), teenagers expressed concerns about applying their experience outside of camp. These findings have important implications for practitioners and contribute to pedagogical discussions regarding phones on outdoor environmental education programmes.

Resumen Introducción: Los problemas relacionados con los medicamentos constituyen una gran preocupación sanitaria por su elevado impacto en la morbilidad de pacientes hospitalizados. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en los servicios clínicos de cinco instituciones de salud de Santiago de Cuba, durante el primer trimestre de 2020. Se revisaron los perfiles de 329 pacientes que recibieron seguimiento farmacoterapéutico. La muestra fue caracterizada según variables biosociales, clínicas y farmacoterapéuticas, la identificación de los problemas relacionados a la medicación fue realizada utilizando los criterios de Cipolle, Stramd y Morley, determinándose además los medicamentos implicados en los problemas relacionados a la medicación. Los datos fueron procesados a través de frecuencias absolutas y relativas representadas por medio de tablas y figuras. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes mayores o iguales de 60 años representando un 38,6 %; respecto al género un 61,4 % perteneció al femenino. La mayoría de los pacientes presentaron hasta dos enfermedades (76,3 %), las infecciones respiratorias complicadas (35,6 %) fueron el motivo de ingreso más frecuente. El 36,5 % consumió entre cuatro y seis medicamentos, siendo los antibacterianos de usos sistémicos los más prescritos. Se identificaron 598 Problemas Relacionados con los Medicamentos para una proporción de 1,8 PRM/paciente, de estos un 42,8 % corresponde a los problemas de Seguridad, un 31,1 % de Indicación, seguido de 24,9 % de Efectividad y finalmente el 1,2 % de Adherencia. Conclusiones: Los antimicrobianos resultaron los más implicados en la aparición de los problemas relacionados a la medicación. La atención farmacéutica ofrece servicios que garantizan el uso adecuado de los medicamentos.

Los estudios etnobotánicos permiten caracterizar y preservar el conocimiento sobre los usos de las plantas medicinales, heredado de generación en generación. Cuba cuenta con una rica flora y una tradición herbolaria enraizada en su población. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar el uso etnobotánico actual de plantas medicinales en dos comunidades de la región Suroriental de Cuba. Se entrevistó a 405 pobladores de las comunidades Dos Ríos y Los Reynaldos a través de un cuestionario semiestructurado. Los datos fueron analizados cualitativamente y se determinaron los indicadores de índice de valor de uso (IVU) y nivel de uso significativo (NUS). Los entrevistados informaron un total de 144 especies vegetales, pertenecientes a 54 familias y 96 géneros. En ambas comunidades se observó que: la hoja fue la parte de la planta más utilizada, la decocción fue la principal forma de preparación, y la vía oral fue la vía de administración más frecuente. Los usos medicinales con mayores citas fueron: anticatarral, problemas digestivos, sedante y antiinflamatorio. En la comunidad de Dos Ríos las especies con los valores más altos de NUS fueron Lippia alba (34,5 %), Plecthranthus amboinicus (22,5 %), Salvia officinalis (21,5 %), Matricaria chamomilla (21,0 %) y en Los Reynaldos fueron Bidens pilosa (32,2 %), Citrus x aurantium (28,3 %) y Justicia pectoralis (21,5 %). Este es el primer estudio etnobotánico realizado en estas comunidades, lo que permitió documentar el acervo tradicional heredado, observándose un alto nivel de consenso entre la población sobre la importancia de sietes especies medicinales.

Several studies demonstrated that mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic pathways control T cell fate in the periphery. However, little is known about their implication in thymocyte development. Our results showed that thymic progenitors (CD3-CD4-CD8- triple negative, TN), in active division, have essentially a fused mitochondrial morphology and rely on high glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). As TN cells differentiate to double positive (DP, CD4+CD8+) and single positive (SP, CD4+ and CD8+) stages, they became more quiescent, their mitochondria fragment and they downregulate glycolysis and OXPHOS. Accordingly, in vitro inhibition of the mitochondrial fission during progenitor differentiation on OP9-DL4 stroma, affected the TN to DP thymocyte transition by enhancing the percentage of TN and reducing that of DP, leading to a decrease in the total number of thymic cells including SP T cells. We demonstrated that the stage 3 triple negative pre-T (TN3) and the stage 4 triple negative pre-T (TN4) have different metabolic and functional behaviors. While their mitochondrial morphologies are both essentially fused, the LC-MS based analysis of their metabolome showed that they are distinct: TN3 rely more on OXPHOS whereas TN4 are more glycolytic. In line with this, TN4 display an increased Hexokinase II expression in comparison to TN3, associated with high proliferation and glycolysis. The in vivo inhibition of glycolysis using 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) and the absence of IL-7 signaling, led to a decline in glucose metabolism and mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, the glucose/IL-7R connection affects the TN3 to TN4 transition (also called β-selection transition), by enhancing the percentage of TN3, leading to a decrease in the total number of thymocytes. Thus, we identified additional components, essential during β-selection transition and playing a major role in thymic development.

Introduction: intussusception is a frequent cause of occlusive syndrome in infants, and ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction is a conservative treatment option. Objective: to assess the efficacy of ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction in the treatment of intussusception at the Hospital Pediátrico Docente "General Pedro Agustín Pérez", Guantánamo, from January 2017 to January 2022. Method: a descriptive and retrospective study was carried out at the Pediatric Surgery Department of the institution. The universe was constituted by the total number of patients treated with this therapy (n=59). Variables used were as follow: age, sex, clinical manifestations, number of reduction attempts, invagination and reducibility period of evolution, complications during or after the procedure and need for surgical treatment and its causes. The information was obtained from the statistical registry of the center's Surgical Interventions Committee and the medical records. Results:the male sex (62.7%), the age between 3 to 6 months of age (59.3%) and the symptoms of vomiting and irritability (59.3%) predominated. Hydrostatic reduction was achieved in 91.5% of the cases, 83.0% of them on the first attempt. 100.0% of the patients had less than 24 hours of evolution and deintussusception was achieved in 81.4%. Conclusions: the results of this study show that this treatment is conservative, safe and effective, does not expose patients to ionizing radiation and reduces the risks of a surgical intervention performed by a team of professionals made up of surgeon, radiologist and anesthesiologist, solving the health problem in a short period of time.

Bone regeneration involves activation of tissue resident stem cells. Here the authors show that mesenchymal progenitors from skeletal muscle mediate the fibrotic response to bone injury and also contribute to bone repair; processes that are impaired when both muscle and bone are injured.

T cells have the potential to maintain immunological memory and self-tolerance by recognizing antigens from pathogens or tumors. In pathological situations, failure to generate de novo T cells causes immunodeficiency resulting in acute infections and complications. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) transplantation constitutes a valuable option to restore proper immune function. However, delayed T cell reconstitution is observed compared to other lineages. To overcome this difficulty, we developed a new approach to identify populations with efficient lymphoid reconstitution properties. To this end, we use a DNA barcoding strategy based on the insertion into a cell chromosome of a lentivirus (LV) carrying a non-coding DNA fragment named barcode (BC). These will segregate through cell divisions and be present in cells’ progeny. The remarkable characteristic of the method is that different cell types can be tracked simultaneously in the same mouse. Thus, we in vivo barcoded LMPP and CLP progenitors to test their ability to reconstitute the lymphoid lineage. Barcoded progenitors were co-grafted in immuno-compromised mice and their fate analyzed by evaluating the BC composition in transplanted mice. The results highlight the predominant role of LMPP progenitors for lymphoid generation and reveal valuable novel insights to be reconsidered in clinical transplantation assays.

Se presentó el caso de una adolescente de 12 años de edad que acudió a consulta externa de Cirugía del Hospital Pediátrico Docente “Gral. Pedro Agustín Pérez”, de Guantánamo; la misma presentó aumento de volumen a nivel del cuadrante superior externo de la mama izquierda, no doloroso. Se palpó tumoración de bordes irregulares, o sea mal definidos, de 3 cm de diámetro aproximadamente, sin signos de inflamación. Se realizó biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina y se informó el diagnóstico de fibroadenoma de mama. La exéresis del nódulo y el estudio histopatológico demostraron el diagnóstico de linfoma no Hodgkin de alto grado de malignidad y se procedió a la atención multidisciplinaria. Al momento del reporte la paciente continúa con quimioterapia y evoluciona satisfactoriamente. Se revisó la literatura médica sobre el tema y se expusieron sus bases esenciales para la familiarización de los médicos generales.

Introducción: hoy el estudio del afrontamiento familiar en la atención del paciente grave es una exigencia social. Objetivo: validar la viabilidad de un sistema de talleres de socialización familiar dirigido a mejorar el afrontamiento familiar en la atención del paciente ingresado en esta unidad en el Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto” de Guantánamo. Método: se realizó un estudio experimental donde el universo fue el total de familiares de los pacientes egresados durante enero-febrero de 2019 (N=95), facilitadores de la interacción paciente-familia–profesional. Se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria (n=25), que se encuestó sobre el significado de su participación en la atención médica del paciente grave y su preparación para el afrontamiento de esta atención. Se validó mediante un pre-experimento la contribución de un sistema de talleres dirigido con esta finalidad. Resultados: el 100 % de las familias manifestó la necesidad de preparación para su participación en la atención del paciente grave. El 60 % mejoró su actitud para el afrontamiento familiar a la atención al paciente grave luego de aplicar el sistema de talleres. Conclusiones: el sistema de talleres de socialización familiar genera cambios favorables en la preparación de las familias para el afrontamiento en la atención al paciente grave.

A 14-year-old girl presented to the pediatric surgery department at the Pediatric Teaching Hospital “Pedro Agustín Pérez” in Guantanamo. She reported a difuse abdominal pain and distention. The examination revealed a visible and palpable tumor in the lower hemiabdomen. Complementary imaging studies showed an ecogenic and heterogeneous mass situated in the left hypogastrium. After a multidisciplinary team meeting, an ophthalmectomy was performed, and anatomopathological studies confirmed the presence of juvenile granulosa cells tumor on the left ovary. Surgical techniques that allow girls with malignant neoplasms to preserve their reproductive capacity are now frequently used and they guarantee higher life quality.

Loss of cellular homeostasis has been implicated in the etiology of several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this loss remain poorly understood on a systems level in each case. Here, using a novel computational approach to integrate dimensional RNA-seq and in vivo neuron survival data, we map the temporal dynamics of homeostatic and pathogenic responses in four striatal cell types of Huntington’s disease (HD) model mice. This map shows that most pathogenic responses are mitigated and most homeostatic responses are decreased over time, suggesting that neuronal death in HD is primarily driven by the loss of homeostatic responses. Moreover, different cell types may lose similar homeostatic processes, for example, endosome biogenesis and mitochondrial quality control in Drd1-expressing neurons and astrocytes. HD relevance is validated by human stem cell, genome-wide association study, and post-mortem brain data. These findings provide a new paradigm and framework for therapeutic discovery in HD and other NDs.

Context: Currently there are many investigations that are carried out around the complex problem of therapeutic adherence due to its negative consequences. Aims: To evaluate the therapeutic adherence in patients with chronic diseases hospitalized in an Internal Medicine Service. Methods: An observational, descriptive and transversal study was carried out in 50 patients characterized according to biosocial and clinical variables. For the determination of therapeutic adherence, the Battle test and the Morisky-Green test were used, defining the patients as adherent and non-adherent. Possible factors associated with adherence were analyzed and educational interventions were carried out. The review of the clinical histories and the interview as a working instrument were used, the statistical significance of the influence of the factors was evaluated through Chi-square. Results: Predominance of the feminine sex, the average age of 65 years and the level of primary schooling, hypertension prevailed in 90% of patients and antihypertensive drugs as the most used drugs. 54% of adherent patients were obtained compared to 46% of non-adherent patients. Factors such as number of chronic diseases, limitation of social activity and accessibility to the pharmaceutical service were associated with therapeutic adherence. The educational interventions carried out were the talk and the advice/information. Conclusions: The results reveal therapeutic adherence in most patients and the need to continue with health education to groups with chronic diseases.

El artículo aborda funciones básicas que debe cumplir la familia como sistema funcional sociocultural formativo en el proceso de formación integral de los niños, adolescentes y jóvenes. Se aportan reflexiones que permitirán la adecuada orientación psicológica y educativa de estos grupos etáreos.

En los momentos actuales, la educación estética deviene necesidad insoslayable en el ámbito de la formación pregraduada de los docentes. En el artículo se propone el método de proyecto como alternativa para el desarrollo de la misma en el marco de la realidad educativa de la microuniversidad. Se incluye una breve descripción de las características del método y las etapas en que este se estructura

En los momentos actuales la formación de la competencia investigativa deviene necesidad insoslayable en el ámbito de la formación pregraduada de los profesionales de la Cultura Física. En el artículo se propone el método de proyecto como alternativa para el desarrollo de la misma en el marco de la realidad educativa de la sede universitaria municipal. Se incluye una breve descripción de las características del método y las etapas en que este se estructura. El artículo es resultado de las investigaciones realizadas por el autor en el marco del doctorado curricular en Pedagogía de la Educación Superior.

El presente artículo aborda, desde una concepción psicopedagógica, un conjunto de elementos a tener en cuenta en el ámbito de la preparación del docente en formación,en lo referido al desarrollo de competencias profesionales, y particularmente la competencia investigativa . El trabajo trata dichos elementos desde la perspectiva de la enseñanza desarrolladora, y en el contexto de la educación universalizada. Proyecto.

Electroless nickel–boron (ENB) coatings from borohydride-reduced baths have received wide acceptance thanks to their excellent hardness and superior wear resistance. Therefore, they have been considered as an alternative to hard chrome. However, the presence of a small amount of toxic heavy metals such as Pb or Tl in the plating bath restricts their application. These metallic salts are used to stabilize the bath, which is necessary to avoid abrupt decomposition, and are harmful towards the environment. A new bath, exempt from stabilizer, was designed for ENB plating. In this bath, the bath stability is achieved through the optimization of the concentration of complexing agent, pH adjuster, and reducing agent. An ENB coating from the new bath presents promising properties, including modified surface morphology, excellent hardness, low friction coefficient, etc. Salt spray test (ASTM B117-07) and potentiodynamic polarization test results show that the new ENB coating has a significantly better corrosion resistance than the conventional ENB coatings stabilized by Pb or Tl salts. In conclusion, the present ENB coating is produced in an environmentally friendly bath, and the deposit presents properties close to those of the conventional ENB deposit.

Abstract Exocytosis depends on cytosolic domains of SNARE proteins but the function of the transmembrane domains (TMDs) in membrane fusion remains controversial. The TMD of the SNARE protein synaptobrevin2/VAMP2 contains two highly conserved small amino acids, G100 and C103, in its central portion. Substituting G100 and/or C103 with the β-branched amino acid valine impairs the structural flexibility of the TMD in terms of α-helix/β-sheet transitions in model membranes (measured by infrared reflection-absorption or evanescent wave spectroscopy) during increase in protein/lipid ratios, a parameter expected to be altered by recruitment of SNAREs at fusion sites. This structural change is accompanied by reduced membrane fluidity (measured by infrared ellipsometry). The G100V/C103V mutation nearly abolishes depolarization-evoked exocytosis (measured by membrane capacitance) and hormone secretion (measured biochemically). Single-vesicle optical (by TIRF microscopy) and biophysical measurements of ATP release indicate that G100V/C103V retards initial fusion-pore opening, hinders its expansion and leads to premature closure in most instances. We conclude that the TMD of VAMP2 plays a critical role in membrane fusion and that the structural mobility provided by the central small amino acids is crucial for exocytosis by influencing the molecular re-arrangements of the lipid membrane that are necessary for fusion pore opening and expansion.

In this paper, we show the remarkable timing error (TE) and residual chromatic dispersion (CD) tolerance improvements of the filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) over orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for high-baudrate spectral slicing transmitter and single coherent receiver transmissions. For a 512 Gb/s 16 quadrature amplitude modulated (16QAM) spectrum slicing system at 1600 km of fiber transmission, the FBMC-based system reduces TE and residual CD penalties by more than 1.5 dB and 3 dB, in comparison to the OFDM-based system, respectively.

A support vector machine (SVM)-based classification nonlinear equalizer (NLE) is demonstrated, for the first time, in coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM). For a 40-Gb/s 16 quadrature amplitude modulated (16QAM) CO-OFDM system at 400 km of transmission, SVM-NLE reduces the fiber-induced nonlinearity penalty by about 1 dB in comparison to the benchmark artificial-neural-network (ANN)-based and inverse-Volterra-series-transfer-function-based NLEs.

In this article the authors discuss the role of Ramón Emeterio Betance, Father of the Puerto Rican land, and José Marti, National Hero of Cuba, emphasizing the notable life of the Puerto Rican hero, practically ignored and forgotten. Both heroes' lives, despite their generational difference were joined by the common interest to see their fatherlands free and also because they regarded them as one. The article pictures events of both lives that reflect the previously stated, and the importance the study of their literary work has, besides other aspects of the lives of these men.

A transverse descriptive study was carried out, according to the classification of therapeutic compliance, to evaluate adherence in 250 patients with a diagnosis of Heart Failure, registered with the health department of the municipality of Santiago de Cuba in 2009. The sample characterization was studied, with an assessment of adherence level and possible associated factors for sex, age and toxic habits. As an instrument for the work, data extraction was scheduled and the interview was carried out at patients' homes; the results were expressed in percentage and level of influence for associated factors. This was determined using the chi-square test. In the investigated population, adherence was greater for females, for age group 67-82 years, and toxic habits were found to have prevalence. Prevailing pharmacoterapies were digoxin, chlortalidone, captopril and isosorbide dinitrate, and a high level of adherence was found, both for the pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, in the studied sample. A good level of therapeutic adherence was found for 63.6% of the patients, regular level of adherence was found for 32% and only 4.4% or patients presented with poor adherence. Influencing factors were: knowledge of the treatment, number of medications, frequency of administration, and satisfaction with the service of pharmaceutical care.Realizou-se estudo descritivo transversal, de acordo com a classificação de adesão à terapêutica, para avaliar a adesão em 250 pacientes com diagnóstico de disfunção cardíaca, registrada no departamento de saúde do município de Santiago de Cuba, em 2009. A caracterização da amostra foi estudada, com a avaliação do nível de adesão e possíveis fatores associado a sexo, idade e hábitos tóxicos. Como instrumento para o trabalho, esquematizou-se aa extração de dados e realizou-se a entrevista nas moradias dos pacientes. Os resultados foram expressos em porcentagem e em nível de influência dos fatores associados, determinados por meio do teste do Q quadrado. Na população sob investigação, a adesão foi maior para as mulheres da faixa etária de 67 a 82 anos, e os hábitos tóxicos foram prevalentes. Na amostra em estudo, as farmacoterapias predominantes foram digoxina, clortalidona, captopril e dinitrato de isossorbida e se observou alto nível de adesão tanto para os tratamentos farmacológicos quanto para os não-farmacológicos. Observou-se alto nível de adesão para 63,6% dos pacientes, nível regular para 32% 3 somente 4,4% dos pacientes apresentaram baixa adesão. Os fatores que influenciaram foram conhecimento a respeito do tratamento, número de medicamentos, frequência de administração e satisfação com o serviço de atenção farmacêutica.

The high morbidity, high socioeconomic costs and lack of specific treatments are key factors that define the relevance of brain pathology for human health and the importance of research on neuronal protective agents. Epidemiological studies have shown beneficial effects of flavonoids on arteriosclerosis-related pathology in general and neurodegeneration in particular. Flavonoids can protect the brain by their ability to modulate intracellular signals promoting cellular survival. Quercetin and structurally related flavonoids (myricetin, fisetin, luteolin) showed a marked cytoprotective capacity in in vitro experimental conditions in models of predominantly apoptotic death such as that induced by medium concentrations (200 µM) of H2O2 added to PC12 cells in culture. Nevertheless, quercetin did not protect substantia nigra neurons in vivo from an oxidative insult (6-hydroxydopamine), probably due to difficulties in crossing the blood-brain barrier. On the other hand, treatment of permanent focal ischemia with a lecithin/quercetin preparation decreased lesion volume, showing that preparations that help to cross the blood-brain barrier may be critical for the expression of the effects of flavonoids on the brain. The hypothesis is advanced that a group of quercetin-related flavonoids could become lead molecules for the development of neuroprotective compounds with multitarget anti-ischemic effects.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con el objetivo de identificar las causas de la baja participación de los hombres en la consulta de planificación familiar (PF). La muestra fue de 300 hombres, 100 parejas de mujeres asistentes a la consulta de PF y 200 seleccionados al azar. Se les aplicó un cuestionario conformado por 16 preguntas, y se encontró que solo 3,6 % participó en la consulta de planificación familiar, el 63,6 % fue con el objetivo de acompañar a sus parejas. El condón fue el método anticonceptivo más utilizado por la muestra (47,3 %), predominando su uso entre jóvenes de 20 a 24 años (59,5 %). El 48,6 % tiene conocimiento regular sobre PF y en 1 de cada 4 hombres el nivel de conocimientos es malo, y predominó la comunicación deficiente de parejas (64 %). Se concluye que los hombres acuden poco a la consulta de PF por tener pobre motivación para ello, desconocimiento sobre aspectos relacionados con la PF y comunicación deficiente con su pareja.A descriptive study was conducted aimed at identifying the causes of the low participation of men in the family planning (FP) consultation. The sample was composed of 300 men, 100 that accompanied their partners to the consultation and 200 that were randomly selected. A questionnaire with 16 questions was applied and it was found that only 3.6 % participated in the family planning consultation and that 63.6 % went just as companions. The condom was the most used contraceptive method according to the sample (47.3 %). Its use prevailed among young men aged 20-24 (59.5 %). 48.6 % men had fair knowledge about family planning, whereas 1 out of 4 had poor knowledge. It was observed a defficient communication between partners (64 %). It was concluded that men do not go to the consultation frequently due to their little motivation, to the lack of knowledge on aspects related to family planning and to a defficient communication with their partners

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en el período comprendido entre enero y septiembre de 1998 en el área del Policlínico Santos Suárez con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia de la anemia en gestantes, su relación con la edad, el estado nutricional materno y el peso al nacer. La muestra estuvo constituida por las 209 gestantes que se captaron en este período. Se realizó revisión de las historias clínicas obstétricas y los datos se recogieron en planilla confeccionada al efecto, se utilizó el cálculo porcentual para su procesamiento. La prevalencia de la anemia en las embarazadas estudiadas fue del 64,59 %, el 83,74 % tenían entre 20 y 35 años. Las gestantes con valoración ponderal inicial (V.P.I.) peso bajo I-II-III-IV y peso adecuado desarrollaron anemia con mayor frecuencia. Predominó la hemoglobina entre 109-100 g/l en los 3 trimestres de la gestación independientemente de la V.P.I. La mayoría de las gestantes anémicas (80,74 %) se trataron con tabletas prenatales solamente y aportaron recién nacidos con un peso menor de 3 000 gA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between January and September, 1998, in the area of the "Santos Suárez" Polyclinic in order to determine the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women, its relatioship with age, maternal nutritional state and birth weight. The sample was composed of 209 pregnant women that were caught in this period. The obstetric medical histories were reviewed and the data were collected in forms created to this end. The percentage calculstion was used for their processing. The prevalence of anemia among the studied expectants was of 64. 59 %. 83.74 % were between 20 and 35 years old. Those pregnant women with initial weighted assessment (IWA) considered as low weight I-II-III-IV an adequate weight developed anemia with higher frequency. Haemoglobine from 109 to 100 g/L predominated during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy independently of I.W.A. Most of the anemic expectants ( 80.74 %) were treated with prenatal tablets only and delivered newborns with a weight under 3 000 g

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en la consulta de planificación familiar de Santos Suárez en el período de 1 año a partir de abril de 1998. La muestra la conformó el total de mujeres mayores de 35 años que acudieron por primera vez a la consulta de planificación familiar, a las que se les llenó un cuestionario. Los datos se procesaron con el cálculo porcentual. Se concluyó que la asistencia de las mujeres mayores de 35 años a la consulta de planificación familiar fue baja; predominaron las que tienen unión estable (82,6 %), nivel de escolaridad preuniversitario (60,9 %) y trabajadoras (69,6 %); la presencia de otros factores de riesgo reproductivo preconcepcional diferentes a la edad fue baja (39,12 %) y la mayoría seleccionó los dispositivos intrauterinos y los anticonceptivos hormonales inyectables sólo de progestina.A descriptive study was carried out in the family planning department of Santos Suárez for 1 year, since April 1998. The sample consisted in the total amount of women over 35 years old, who for the first time attended the family planning department and filled out a questionaire. Data were processed by the percentage calculation. It was concluded that the attendance of women over 35 years old to the family planning department was low. There was a predominance of those women with a stable union (82.6 %), pre-universitary educational level (60.9 %), and working women (69.6 %). The existence of other preconception reproductive risk factors different from age was low (39.12 %) and the majority chose the intrauterine devices and the injectable contraceptives containing only progrestational hormones.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 151 pacientes de la consulta de Planificación Familiar en el Policlínico Santos Suárez entre abril y junio de 1997, con el objetivo de mostrar cómo influyen algunos aspectos bioéticos en la selección, así como en la continuidad del uso de los métodos anticonceptivos y en la satisfacción de las necesidades del individuo. Se aplicó una encuesta y se siguió a los pacientes durante un año. Los datos se procesaron según el cálculo porcentual. Se concluyó que la adecuada capacitación técnica del equipo multidisciplinario, la selección informada, asesoramiento adecuado y respeto de las creencias individuales, socioculturales y de los principios morales, influyeron en los resultados positivos de la selección y continuidad del uso de los métodos anticonceptivos y en la satisfacción de las necesidades del individuo en la consulta de Planificación Familiar.A descriptive cross-sectional study of 151 patients from the Family Planning Department of the "Santos Suárez" Polyclinic was conducted between April and June, 1997, aimed at showing how some bioethical aspects influence on the selection, and continuity of the use of contraceptive methods, and on the satisfaction of the individual’s needs. A survey was done and patients were followed up for a year. Data were processed by percent calculation. It was concluded that the adequate technical training of the multidisciplinary team, the reported selection, the appropiate counseling, and the respect of the individual and sociocultural beliefs, and of the moral principles influenced on the positive results of the selection and continuity of the utilization of the contraceptive methods as well as on the satisfaction of the patients’ needs at the Family Planning Department.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con 402 personas que acudieron a la consulta de planificación familiar ubicada en el área del Policlínico "Santos Suárez" en un período de 2 años desde 1993, con el objetivo de identificar algunos aspectos relevantes del trabajo en este servicio. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de la aplicación de una encuesta y de la historia clínica individual de cada paciente, sometiendo la información recogida al análisis porcentual. Los resultados mostraron que el 74,6 % de los usuarios de la consulta eran mujeres y sólo el 10 % de ellas acudió acompañada por su pareja, la mayoría de los hombres que asistieron no mostraron ningún interés por participar en la elección del método anticonceptivo. Los métodos anticonceptivos más indicados en consulta fueron los ACO y los DIU con 44 y 33,7 % respectivamente y la causa más frecuente de abandono de éstos fue el sangramientoA retrospective descriptive study of 402 persons who attended the family planning office located in the health area of the "Santos Suárez" Polyclinic during 2 years, starting from 1993, was conducted aimed at identifying some important aspects of the work carried out in this service. Data were obtained from a survey and from each patient’s medical history. The percentage analysis was applied to the collected information. The results showed that 74.6 % of those who visited the office were women, and that only 10 % of them went with their husbands. Most of men showed no interest in participating in the election of a contraceptive method. The most recommended contraceptive methods were the oral contraceptives and the intrauterine devices with 44 and 33.7 %, respectively. Bleeding was the most frequent cause to stop their use