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The paper analysed the novel Koogai (2015), written by Cho. Dharman. The paper looked at the alternative discourses in the text. The paper owed theoretical framework from Nancy Fraser’s idea of counterpublic. The paper dives deeper into the text to underline the relevance of language, motifs, myths and legends to create a counter narrative against the established narrative. I have attempted to provide an insight regarding how Dalit writers interrogate the casteist public sphere to posit writing as the means of registering protest and asserting their voices.

Artificial intelligence is facilitating the future of smart systems and their associated services. The world is witnessing the rapid growth in smart systems with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. Services must include a set of features to handle future trends, intelligent decisions, security, adaptivity, scalability, user-friendliness, time-saving ability, and adaptability to new architectural models. To satisfy these objectives, smart systems and services need advancements in working models of IoTs and applications of cloud computing. The AI and IoT create a great combination in various fields; health systems, agriculture, weather forecasting, manufacturing units, prediction, etc. Some of its applications include smart homes, smart cities, and smart businesses. This chapter also discuss about the role of IoT and cloud computing in smart systems, followed by smart city development, education system, environment protection, healthcare, water reservation, security, etc.

Reason of the study is to highlight the impact of diversity management on organizational performance diversity management practice bring new and favorable opportunity in the organization as if there is proper diversity management practices then more able and efficient employees will be hired in the organization from different diversified areas with several difference in demographic factor, especially in hotels there is more scope and demand of diversified workforce, as in hotels customers visit from all over the world with different culture and language so in order to meet all the requirements of customers and make guest comfortable and satisfied it is important to have diversified staff. Therefore an attempt is made to measure all the possible positive and negative impact of diversity management practices on organizational performance specifically in hotel organization. Methodology adapted for this paper is based on literature review done in a systematic manner. Different scientific online databases such as web knowledge, emerald, saga, ProQuest, Science direct are considered in the process of literature. Secondary data was collected from various published and unpublished article, reports, etc. Both government and non-government organizations data were analyzed. diversity management practices, learning organization, organizational performance are the main three key words used to scan these online database. Relevant articles were studied in depth in order to understand what is already done and what is required to be done. Finding of the study indicate that if diversity management is done in the correct manner and on right basis by considering all its challenges and problem raised by it, the for sure it will increases organizational performance and will be beneficial for organization.

Panchayati Raj Institutions have been playing a pivotal role for rural development in general and socio-economic upliftment of downtrodden section of the rural society in particular. The Panchayati Raj system is not a new concept and therefore is considered as one of the best ways of governance of the rural India. This work will be the narrative of a Panchayati Raj system. It will be the narrative of the inception and evolution of Panchayati Raj from the formative years of the Indian State and the consolidating years of the Indian Nation to the troublesome times in which the 72nd Amendment Bill became the 73rd Amendment Act of 1992. The study portrays how the present Panchayati Raj Institutions have the ancestral root in the historic past. It appears that the Panchayati raj with effective local autonomy continued to exist even during the period of Maurya’s and Gupta’s, to which we call as the period of centralized sovereignty. Panchayati raj institutions existed all the way in one form or the other. Britishers gave these local bodies a new political touch. This philosophy later acted and reacted on the minds of the wise founding fathers of constitution. Mahatma Gandhi advocated Panchayati Raj as the foundation of India's political system, it would have been a decentralized form of government where each village would be responsible for its own affairs. The term for such a vision was Gram Swaraj (village with self-governance). Panchayati Raj was thought to be adopted as a measure to concretion the dream of decentralization. 73rd Constitution Amendment Act 1992 are the ambitious efforts made in the post-independence era to accomplish the goal of decentralization. Panchayati Raj Institutions – the grass-roots units of self-government – have been proclaimed as the vehicles of socio-economic transformation in rural India.

Purpose of this paper is to highlight the impact of diversity management practices on learning organization and then how they both effect organizational performance in hotel industry. Workforce engaged in hotel industry are highly diversified due to demand of diversified customers throughout world, in order to manage diversified employees/workforce it is important to have effective diversity management practices such that employees can be managed effectively and encouraged to perform with their best ability. Diversity management also regulate or enhance learning in the organization and it also effect overall performance of organization. An attempt is made through this paper to measure the impact of diversity management practices on learning organization and organizational performance. Approach used in this paper is a systematic literature review, in order to identify and analyze reliable literature. In the process of literature search secondary data (either published or unpublished by various web page and government and non-government organizations and by ministry of tourism) five different scientific online databases are involved namely as emerald, saga, web knowledge, Science direct and ProQuest. Various keywords such as Diversity Management Practices, Learning Organization, organizational performance, are used in order to scan these online database systematically. Then relevant articles were selected, analyzed and finalized to find out what is already done and what is to be done. A total of 49 articles were identified and reviewed in order to get relevant and detailed knowledge on the concerned topic. After reviewing those paper result derived is that, there is immense importance of diversity management practices in hotel industry, if Diversity management practices are implemented properly in the organization then it will also enhance the learning in the organization. As employees from diversified areas bring new opportunities of learning in the organization which will improve their efficiency and productivity and result in overall growth of organization. This study is related to hotel industry only, where else diversity management is a wider concept which is followed almost in every industry, along with this impact of diversity management is only measured on learning organizational and organizational performance only, but it may impact other factors also in the organization. So there is scope to make comparison between diversity management and other factors in hotel industry itself and in other industry also. Employees in the hotel industry must be hired from diversified areas with different demographical qualities such as age, caste, gender, religion, region, knowledge level, etc. such that all the demands and requirements can be full filled needs of customer can be satisfied, diversified employees bring new opportunities of learning and growth in the organization through their innovative and creative ideas, which will maximize organizational performance and overall growth. Diversity management is an immense topic in hotel industry, a lots of study already has been conducted but still there is lack of studies which focus on the impact of diversity management practices on learning organization and organizational performance, this study is the first attempt which provide weighty contribution to concerned topic.

The demand of membrane distillation (MD) has increased since last few decades for numerous applications. The membrane used in MD is hydrophobic; therefore, the focus has been emphasised on the development of a suitable membrane with desired microstructure. In this study, the flat sheet hydrophobic membrane of suitable properties has been casted with various additives such as water, ethane-di-ol, and propan-2-ol in dope solution using a non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique. The effect of water content in dope solution has been studied on casted membrane porosity and contact angle. The maximum contact angle and porosity were found to be 96° and 53.23% at 4 weight percent of water content in dope solution of PVDF polymer and di.methyl.acetamide as solvent. It was found that SEM micrograph when ethane-di-ol and propan-2-ol are used as an additive shows more finger-like pores and nodules, respectively, in the microstructure of the casted membrane. Furthermore, synergistic effects using water with other additives were also identified using SEM micrograph of casted membrane and it was observed that water with ethane-di-ol and propan-2-ol form contact angle of 98° and 105°, respectively, for 2 weight percent each additive in dope. In this study, the membrane was also cast by dissolving PVDF powder in di.methyl.acetamide solvent with lithium chloride and the effect of the temperature difference between coagulation bath and film temperature was investigated using an SEM micrograph. Overall, it was found that water content and temperature difference aid in developing hydrophobic porous membrane of desired properties for MD applications.

Over the last few yearsdue to the rapid industrialisation everywhere throughout the world to fulfilthe demands of growing population dissemination and mobilization of the poisonous heavy metals in the environmenthas been expanded to a destructive level .These heavy metals when enter in the food chain show fataleffecton human wellnesswhen present at a slightly higher concentration than that required for regularmetabolic process. Contaminationcaused due to the presence of these toxic heavy metals has become a global issuethese days in spite of the fact that the seriousness and contamination level contrastplace to place .Thereforethe need of safe andeffective techniques to eliminate theseheavy metals is the requirementof sustainable living.Unlike the organic compounds that degenerate naturally , heavy metals do not break downthemselves and therefore get assembledat various important sites.With the increasing awareness forthe protection of environment emphasis is more on the development of eco friendly techniques for the decontamination procedures. Bioremediation implies cleanup of the contaminatedenvironment by transformingharmfulheavy metals into lessharmfulform bymicroorganismsor its enzymes .Hencebioremediation can be describedas the ‘greenbasic technique for the expulsion of heavy metalwithout creatingauxiliary metabolites in the environment.Utilization of microbial frameworks for the biological degradation ofheavy metals is most preferred on account ofits low expenses and minimum wasteproducingtechniques. Despite of the increasing concentration of these harmful heavy metalsmicroorganisms have adopted avarietymechanisms to adjust themselves to these poisonous heavy metals like lead ,mercury, Zinc ,nickel etc leading to the immobilization, removal or detoxification of these heavy metals. The present paper specifically focuses on the sources of heavy metals , their poisonous consequences on human health and recent studies made on the bioremediation of these deadlyheavy metals using microbes. It also highlights the microbial techniques for thedegradation of these deadlyheavy metals at a rapid rate from the environment as well as future possibilities and limitations of bioremediation. &nbsp

A number of research have taken place in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) as there is continuous need of advancement in the field of wireless communication, digital technology and micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS) . So the need of growth of low cost, low power, multifunctional sensor nodes have been required. A Wireless Sensor Network is a collection of sensor nodes that have the capability of sensing any environmental phenomenon, processing that information and then sending that data to the base station. A single sensor node is not capable of capturing desired information from a particular region so a collection of nodes are arranged to get accurate and sufficient result. This collection of sensor nodes along with a base station will collaboratively form a network that is known as Wireless Sensor Network. As limited energy is one of the most important constraint of WSN so it must be assured that it is utilized in most efficient way. Clustering is best approach to remove redundant data transmission to base station. Each cluster has a cluster head that is responsible for transmitting data to base station for that cluster members. Cluster head (CH) collect the data from all members of its cluster and perform aggregation on these data to remove redundancy then send it to base station. So appropriate CH election is very important for improving efficiency. In this thesis we have presented a clustering approach that has taken a heterogeneous environment and uses fuzzy logic to elect CHs more efficiently. We have combined two parameters Distance and Residual Energy and apply fuzzy rules on that to find the priority of a node for being a CH. Simulation shows that using fuzzy logic in SEP (Stability Election Protocol) will improve the energy efficiency by providing better load distribution and utilizing the benefits of heterogeneity of network. We have shown our analysis on two parameters- Number of dead nodes and average energy of nodes

In this paper we have presented a brief review of ZigBee technology, the factors that led to its development and the subsequent versions that evolved. This paper presents and briefs different modes of operation for ZigBee devices and the different layers of ZigBee with emphasis on the operation of MAC layer. The Zigbee devices can operate in either beacon or non-beacon mode. We analysed and compared throughput and energy consumption of these operational modes with respect to varying network size and number of packets transmitted.

This document provides an overview of LAN traffic splitter. The tool “Local‐Area based Traffic splitter” is based on subnetting techniques. It is basically used for calculating subnets for sub‐dividing the LAN. Subnetting an IP Network can be done for a variety of reasons, including organization, use of different physical media (such as Ethernet, FDDI, WAN, etc.), preservation of address space, and security. The most common reason is to control network traffic. There are various techniques for calculating subnets that are considered by this tool. This paper will explore the various features of this tool and will also check the effect of subnetting after implementing it on the LAN. These instructions give you basic guidelines for preparing camera‐ready papers for conference proceedings.