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One of the great paradoxes of our time is that while the population explosion indicates health services are effective in curing disease and maintaining life, a shortage of physicians to further cure illnesses and maintain life is in evidence. One of the major problems involved in this lack of physician manpower is that of a shortage of medical teachers. This problem is evident in developed nations, but is even more pronounced in underdeveloped or developing nations. Fortunately, international exchange of medical teachers and cooperation in teacher training has permitted progress that few nations could have achieved by themselves. This document addresses the question of the training of medical teachers with special regard to the needs of developing countries. It is recommended that the World Health Organization take positive steps to create international centers to train medical teachers, both at stationary points and in travelling seminars. (HS)

The focus of this study was to review and analyze current programs, practices, and procedures of child mental health consultation in order to generate an in-depth, empirically derived, conceptual framework to assist in the development of new programs of training and research in consultation. The design of the study included the collection of data from ten sites within the United States having consultation to agencies serving children as part of their program. This volume contains a review of the literature on mental health consultation, a description of the procedures and the conceptual model used in this study, a summary of the results of ten site visits, and an evaluative analysis of the procedures and philosophy of mental health consultation as currently practiced. Data collection was accomplished by means of interviews utilizing semistructured and open-ended questionnaires investigating the procedures and theories of consultation described in the literature on mental health consultation. (Author)

The Postgraduate Medical Institute of the Massachusetts Medical Society had as its goal in this instance to use an interdisciplinary team of consultants to sensitize hospital medical staffs to the unique health care problems of the poor. A consultation model was set up and implemented in three selected hospitals located in depressed areas. The model of consultation is characterized by the following principles: (1) educational consultation is provided by an interdisciplinary team; (2) consultation is used both as a catalyst and as an educational activity itself; (3) consultation stresses critical self-examination as an avenue to insights and corrective measures; (4) consultation seeks participation of individuals who will authorize, effect, and ultimately accept change; (5) consultation starts with recognition of felt problems and seeks to motivate consideration of long-range planning; (6) the approach seeks to maximize consultee involvement in program planning; (7) consultation tries to use educational mechanisms that will assure diffusion of its effects to the staff at large; and (8) consultation seeks to minimize the formation of dependency relationships. (Author/HS)

In a 3-year study of the impact of education consultation on development of continuing medical education (CME) programs in community hospitals, results seem to indicate that: (1) limited inputs by physicians, acting as education consultants, can significantly facilitate development of hospital-based CME programs. Over a 2-year period, 40 hospitals, comprising a stratified sample of acute, short-term community general hospitals in four New England states, received education consultation and training of their physician education coordinators. Following consultation, trained behavioral scientists visited both the 40 consulted hospitals and a matched group of 40 control hospitals that did not receive consultation. Consultation was shown to be effective on both scores: consulted hospitals implemented 60% of the consultants' recommendations within 18 months after they were submitted; and a statistically significant greater number of educational changes occurred at consulted hospitals than at the matched group of control hospitals. (Author/HS)

Divided into two major parts, this report summarizes the findings, recommendations, and conclusions of the National Academy of Sciences and National Research Council's analysis of the current function and potential capacity of congressionally appointed federal agencies relative to providing emergency medical care services. More specifically, the study was concerned with: (1) establishing a national focal point for Emergency Medical Services (EMS), (2) providing technical consultation and guidance to states, communities, citizens, and organization, (3) establishing an information center, (4) coordinating inter-department and inter-agency EMS activities, (5) establishing an EMS data system, and (6) developing five total emergency medical systems as demonstration projects. The demonstration sites selected were: (1) Arkansas, (2) a 3-county area of Southern California, (3) a 7-county area of Northeastern Florida, (4) State of Illinois, and (5) a 7-county area of Southern Ohio. Contents of the report include: (1) introduction and recommendations on initiative by the Executive Office of the President and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and (2) implementation of emergency service programs. (SN)

This document reviews the Senior Medical Consultant Program; a program designed to utilize recently or near-retired medical school faculty members in a continuing medical education program. Evaluation of the program by physician teachers, physicians attending the sessions, both attending staff and house staff, and by physicians scheduling the teaching session was based on written reports, interviews, and observations of teaching sessions. Results indicated the success of the program, which received enthusiatic response from all medical groups contacted. (MJM)

Audiovisual programs designed to bring current developments in medicine to general practitioners individually are also meant to shape their subsequent behavior. There are many problems in preparing these programs, most of them involved with the fact that the medical consultant and the educational production group must work interdependently. The medical consultant must transmit hard-won and complex knowledge rapidly to the programing staff who will then transmute it into programs. The relationship between the two is crucial to the project, and this report details a recommended order of the tactics which specify the relationship. This includes initial contact by the administration with the medical consultant, the initial work by him, initial writing conference with him, writing by a programer of the content outline and script, preparation by the medical consultant of the content essay, final script preparation by a programer or producer, and production of visuals by the producer. Then the skeleton program, consisting of slides, in-house tape, program book, and test, is validated, approved, put into physical production, and packaged. Programs are then mailed to sample. Attachments A, B, C, and D are comprised of forms, a medical essay, and a program script. (GO)

Focusing on community service programs for the cerebral palsied, organizational patterns considered are program implementation, a state advisory and evaluation board, a program committee, continuing staff education, staff training at state schools for the retarded, training sub-professional volunteers, state legislation, and financial support. Various patterns of care are discussed and include a high risk mothers program, interdisciplinary clinics, rural satellite centers, the Rochester Rehabilitation Complex, agreement with the Visiting Nurses Association, the development of dental services, home service programs, day care programs, plans for a residential care facility, and therapy program. Prevention and early care, infant, prenursery, and nursery programs, and services to parents of preschool children are presented as aspects of early care. Adult and teen programs described are the small business enterprises program, sheltered workshops, continuous care for the severely handicapped, a work activity center, and the evolution of an activities program. (RJ)

The 1967-68 mental health services (MHS) program in the Pittsburgh public school system, number of children served, studies undertaken, and other staff activities are considered. A research study of perceptual-motor dysfunction among emotionally disturbed, educable mentally handicapped, and normal children, and two perceptual surveys developed for identification are described. An analysis is presented of the effectiveness of psychiatric consultation with the staff of Project Upward Bound. Corporal punishment in the schools and some alternatives to it are discussed in terms of historical development, various community rules, and other methods of discipline. Consideration is given to nonachievers, the interdisciplinary approach of the MHS program, and to case reports illustrating the lack of adequate community facilities for the disturbed. (RJ)

At the Sixth Annual Reunion of the Brazilian Association of Medical Schools (VI Reuniao Anual da Associacao Brasileira de Escolas Medicas) leaders in the Brazilian medical profession proposed an integrated educational program for training students in the fields of medicine and public health. Under Brazil's present system of education, all physicians and medical technicians are trained in separately-operated technical schools. As part of Brazil's reform of its university system, physicians recommend a medical training program similar to the one followed at most U.S. universities where medical schools are part of the system of higher education. In addition, the Brazilian doctors suggest an integrated medical program which would train related specialists and technicians, such as pharmacists, public health, mental health, and sanitation officials. The statement indicates the benefits that could be derived from the suggested plan. [Not available in hard copy due to marginal legibility of original document.] (DS)

A MAJOR EFFORT WAS MOUNTED TO INCREASE, EXTEND, AND IMPROVE HEALTH SERVICES FOR MIGRANT AGRICULTURAL WORKERS IN NEW JERSEY DURING THE SECOND YEAR OF OPERATION, 1964. THE MIGRANT HEALTH PROGRAM PROVIDED--(1) SERVICE TO 453 CAMPS, (2) OPPORTUNITY FOR 5,000 PERSONS TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE NURSE OR OTHER HEALTH WORKER WHO VISITED THE CAMP, AND (3) DIRECT VISITS TO OVER 1,300 PERSONS FOR MANY REASONS, PRINCIPALLY TUBERCULIN SCREENING AND HEALTH COUNSELING. TRIALS OF SERVICES BEYOND BASIC SCREENING AND IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS WERE CONDUCTED IN NUTRITION, DENTISTRY, AND HEALTH EDUCATION. HOSPITAL PARTICIPATION IN MIGRANT HEALTH ACTIVITY WAS EXPANDED. HOWEVER, A DEFICIT IN FUNDS FOR IN-PATIENT CARE WAS A PROBLEM. PROGRESS WAS NOTED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION CHANNELS BETWEEN THE MIGRANT IN NEED AND THE PROFESSIONAL WORKER. REPORTS OF THE 1964 EFFORT ARE PRESENTED UNDER THE FOLLOWING HEADINGS--LOCAL MEDICAL LEADERSHIP, EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE, MATERNITY SERVICES, DENTAL SERVICES, MIGRANT CLINICS, MIGRANT SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES, CAMP VISITATIONS, MEDICAL SOCIAL SERVICES, HEALTH EDUCATION, SANITATION AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION. APPENDICES PRESENT STATISTICS, WORKSHOP AND CONFERENCE NOTES, AND CASE STUDIES. (SF)

A MAJOR TASK OF THE COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT AND HIS STAFF IS THAT OF PLANNING NECESSARY FACILITIES AND PROVIDING SPECIALIZED PERSONNEL. HIS MAJOR RESPONSIBILITY IS THAT OF MAINTAINING UNIFORMITY IN COURSE CONTENT AND LEVEL OF ACHIEVEMENT IN SCHOOLS IN VARIOUS COUNTIES AND ACROSS STATE LINES. USE OF TELEVISED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS HAS BECOME ALL BUT IMPOSSIBLE DUE TO SCHEDULING DIFFICULTIES AMONG SCHOOLS. AN IMMEDIATE NEED EXISTS FOR COORDINATED SCHEDULING AT THE DISTRICT LEVEL TO ALLOW CAPABLE STUDENTS AN OPPORTUNITY TO VIEW EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS, AND ATTEND COLLEGES OR VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS PART TIME. IF THIS OBJECTIVE IS TO BE REALIZED, THE COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT MUST ASSURE THAT ALL HIGH SCHOOLS CONCERNED HAVE THE SAME NUMBER OF PERIODS IN MORNING AND AFTERNOON, AND SCHOOL DAYS OF REASONABLY EQUAL LENGTH. OTHER SERVICES THE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT IS UNIQUELY QUALIFIED TO ADMINISTER INCLUDE THE FILM LIBRARY (AS ENABLED BY THE NATIONAL DEFENSE EDUCATION ACT OF 1958), SPECIAL EDUCATION, AND TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOLS. THIS SPEECH WAS PRESENTED TO THE ANNUAL NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COUNTY AND RURAL AREA SUPERINTENDENTS (15TH, LOUISVILLE, OCTOBER 9-12,1960). (DA)

A postgraduate training and education course for physicians proved welcome and acceptable to the participants and provided valuable experience for the organizers. The scientific content and information from the course have been incorporated into a postgraduate diploma course in pharmaceutical medicine. (Author/LBH)

A program of integrated teaching by consultants and general practitioners is described. The teaching took place in the hospitals used for the purpose by the Medical Faculty of the University of Birmingham. (Author)

Describes the organization and functioning of a medical consultation program serving a child welfare agency. Shows how child welfare workers, with medical consultation, are in a pivotal position to provide services that promote healthful functioning and facilitate client access to the total health care delivery system. (JH)

The author presents data from six years of correspondence generated by his weekly health column in the Michigan State University student newspaper, detailing methods, student concerns, male/female questioner division, comparison of earlier and later letters, a discussion of the results, and general conclusions. (MB)

Some of the work of a modern medical geneticist is described. Also included is an employment outlook summary in medical genetics. (MDR)

Presents the dispute over allowing private patients to be treated in the National Health Service (NHS) Hospitals in Great Britain. (HM)

To determine the clinical and educational impact of an academic general internal medicine consultation service, the perioperative management of diabetes mellitus was examined. The findings indicate that consultative skills must be taught more effectively if medical consultations are to have maximal impact. (Author/LBH)

The contract learning laboratory program utilized during the 1974-75 academic year is described, including specially-designed experiments and typical results. A student evaluation of the program is also given. (LBH)

At the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center of Penn State an internal medicine consulting resident sees all medical consultation requests not directed to a specific subspecialty division. A survey indicates that consulting residents are exposed to a quantitatively and qualitatively different spectrum of medical problems than on ward service. (Author/LBH)

Presented before the Section on Mental Health, American College Health Association, Forty-sixth Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 30, 1968.

Presented before the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American School Health Association, Detroit, Michigan, November 9, 1968.

Review of the aims, basic precepts and successes of "The Fundamentals of Human Sex and Sex Education" course whose primary function is to teach future sex educators. (IR)

The information in this article is an indication of one state hospital association's efforts in providing educational opportunities and experiences for the constituents of the state. (Author)

It was found that the school psychologist's behavior in attaching labels to deviant child behavior is diametrically opposite that of psychiatric personnel; school psychologists tend to be more attracted to the less complex labels and/or interpretation impressions. (Author)