Author: "Martens P" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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12,396 results on '"Martens P"'

1. Model-independent searches of new physics in DARWIN with a semi-supervised deep learning pipeline

Author: Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Adrover, M., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Amaral, D. W. P., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Martin, D. Antón, Antunovic, B., Aprile, E., Babicz, M., Bajpai, D., Balzer, M., Barberio, E., Baudis, L., Bazyk, M., Bell, N. F., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Biondi, Y., Bismark, A., Boehm, C., Boese, K., Braun, R., Breskin, A., Brommer, S., Brown, A., Bruni, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Chauvin, A., Chavez, A. P. Cimental, Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Decowski, M. P., Deisting, A., Di Donato, C., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Doerenkamp, M., Drexlin, G., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Engel, R., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fujikawa, K., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garroum, N., Giacomobono, R., Girard, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Glück, F., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Größle, R., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyorgy, P., Hammann, R., Hannen, V., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hargittai, N., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraoka, K., Hoetzsch, L., Hoferichter, M., Hood, N. F., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., James, R. S., Joerg, F., Kahlert, F., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Keller, M., Kharbanda, P., Kilminster, B., Kleifges, M., Klute, M., Kobayashi, M., Koke, D., Kopec, A., von Krosigk, B., Kuger, F., LaCascio, L., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, A., Li, S., Liang, S., Liang, Z., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Lucchetti, G. M., Luce, T., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Maier, B., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Melchiorre, A., Menéndez, J., Messina, M., Milosovic, B., Milutinovic, S., Miuchi, K., Miyata, R., Molinario, A., Monteiro, C. M. B., Morå, K., Moriyama, S., Morteau, E., Mosbacher, Y., Müller, J., Murra, M., Newstead, J. L., Ni, K., O'Hare, C., Oberlack, U., Obradovic, M., Ostrowskiy, I., Ouahada, S., Paetsch, B., Pan, Y., Pandurovic, M., Pellegrini, Q., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qiao, K., Qin, J., Rajado, M., García, D. Ramírez, Ravindran, A., Razeto, A., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Sartorelli, G., Scaffidi, A., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Schwenck, A., Schwenk, A., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Sharma, S., Shen, W., Shi, S. Y., Shimada, T., Simgen, H., Singh, R., Solmaz, M., Stanley, O., Steidl, M., Stevens, A., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Thers, D., Thümmler, T., Tönnies, F., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Trotta, R., Tunnell, C. D., Urquijo, P., Utoyama, M., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Vetter, S., Volta, G., Vorkapic, D., Wang, W., Weerman, K. M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wilson, M., Wittweg, C., Wolf, J., Wu, V. H. S., Wüstling, S., Wurm, M., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhong, M., and Zuber, K.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present a novel deep learning pipeline to perform a model-independent, likelihood-free search for anomalous (i.e., non-background) events in the proposed next generation multi-ton scale liquid Xenon-based direct detection experiment, DARWIN. We train an anomaly detector comprising a variational autoencoder and a classifier on extensive, high-dimensional simulated detector response data and construct a one-dimensional anomaly score optimised to reject the background only hypothesis in the presence of an excess of non-background-like events. We benchmark the procedure with a sensitivity study that determines its power to reject the background-only hypothesis in the presence of an injected WIMP dark matter signal, outperforming the classical, likelihood-based background rejection test. We show that our neural networks learn relevant energy features of the events from low-level, high-dimensional detector outputs, without the need to compress this data into lower-dimensional observables, thus reducing computational effort and information loss. For the future, our approach lays the foundation for an efficient end-to-end pipeline that eliminates the need for many of the corrections and cuts that are traditionally part of the analysis chain, with the potential of achieving higher accuracy and significant reduction of analysis time., Comment: 10 Figures, 3 Tables, 23 Pages (incl. references)
Published: 2024

2. Search for proton decay via $p\rightarrow{e^+\eta}$ and $p\rightarrow{\mu^+\eta}$ with a 0.37 Mton-year exposure of Super-Kamiokande

Author: Collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Taniuchi, N., Abe, K., Abe, S., Asaoka, Y., Bronner, C., Harada, M., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hosokawa, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Kashiwagi, Y., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Noguchi, Y., Pronost, G., Okamoto, K., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiba, H., Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Tanaka, H., Watanabe, S., Yano, T., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Tomiya, T., Wang, X., Yoshida, S., Megias, G. D., Fernandez, P., Labarga, L., Ospina, N., Zaldivar, B., Pointon, B. W., Kearns, E., Mirabito, J., Raaf, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Kropp, W. R., Locke, S., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Yankelevich, A., Hill, J., Jang, M. C., Kim, J. Y., Lee, S. H., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Park, R. G., Yang, B. S., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Beauchêne, A., Bernard, L., Coffani, A., Drapier, O., Hedri, S. El, Giampaolo, A., Mueller, Th. A., Santos, A. D., Paganini, P., Rogly, R., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Machado, L. N., Learned, J. G., Choi, K., Iovine, N., Cao, S., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Prouse, N. W., Scott, M., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Berardi, V., Calabria, N. F., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Langella, A., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Feltre, M., Iacob, F., Lamoureux, M., Mattiazzi, M., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Périssé, L., Quilain, B., Fujisawa, C., Horiuchi, S., Kobayashi, M., Liu, Y. M., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Okazaki, R., Akutsu, R., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Yrey, A. Portocarrero, Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Bhuiyan, N., Boschi, T., Burton, G. T., Di Lodovico, F., Gao, J., Goldsack, A., Katori, T., Migenda, J., Ramsden, R. M., Taani, M., Xie, Z., Zsoldos, S., Kotsar, Y., Ozaki, H., Suzuki, A. T., Takagi, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Yamamoto, S., Zhong, H., Feng, J., Feng, L., Han, S., Hu, J. R., Hu, Z., Kawaue, M., Kikawa, T., Mori, M., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Jenkins, S. J., McCauley, N., Mehta, P., Tarrant, A., Wilking, M. J., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Ninomiya, K., Yoshioka, Y., Lagoda, J., Mandal, M., Mijakowski, P., Prabhu, Y. S., Zalipska, J., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Shi, W., Yanagisawa, C., Hino, Y., Ishino, H., Ito, S., Kitagawa, H., Koshio, Y., Ma, W., Nakanishi, F., Sakai, S., Tada, T., Tano, T., Ishizuka, T., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Samani, S., Wark, D., Holin, A., Nova, F., Jung, S., Yang, J. Y., Yoo, J., Fannon, J. E. P., Kneale, L., Malek, M., McElwee, J. M., Stone, O., Stowell, P., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Wilson, S. T., Okazawa, H., Lakshmi, S. M., Kim, S. B., Kwon, E., Lee, M. W., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Nakamura, K. D., Tairafune, S., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Eguchi, A., Goto, S., Iwamoto, K., Mizuno, Y., Muro, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Shima, S., Watanabe, E., Yokoyama, M., de Perio, P., Fujita, S., Jesús-Valls, C., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Tsui, K. M., Vagins, M. R., Xia, J., Izumiyama, S., Kuze, M., Matsumoto, R., Terada, K., Asaka, R., Inomoto, M., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Kinoshita, T., Ommura, Y., Shigeta, N., Shinoki, M., Suganuma, T., Yamauchi, K., Yoshida, T., Nakano, Y., Martin, J. F., Tanaka, H. A., Towstego, T., Gaur, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Li, X., Chen, S., Wu, Y., Xu, B. D., Zhang, A. Q., Zhang, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Boyd, S. B., Edwards, R., Hadley, D., Nicholson, M., O'Flaherty, M., Richards, B., Ali, A., Jamieson, B., Amanai, S., Minamino, A., Pintaudi, G., Sano, S., Sasaki, R., Shibayama, R., Shimamura, R., Suzuki, S., and Wada, K.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for proton decay into $e^+/\mu^+$ and a $\eta$ meson has been performed using data from a 0.373 Mton$\cdot$year exposure (6050.3 live days) of Super-Kamiokande. Compared to previous searches this work introduces an improved model of the intranuclear $\eta$ interaction cross section, resulting in a factor of two reduction in uncertainties from this source and $\sim$10\% increase in signal efficiency. No significant data excess was found above the expected number of atmospheric neutrino background events resulting in no indication of proton decay into either mode. Lower limits on the proton partial lifetime of $1.4\times\mathrm{10^{34}~years}$ for $p\rightarrow e^+\eta$ and $7.3\times\mathrm{10^{33}~years}$ for $p\rightarrow \mu^+\eta$ at the 90$\%$ C.L. were set. These limits are around 1.5 times longer than our previous study and are the most stringent to date.
Published: 2024

3. First Search for Light Dark Matter in the Neutrino Fog with XENONnT

Author: Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bazyk, M., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Boese, K., Brown, A., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Chávez, A. P. Cimental, Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Decowski, M. P., Deisting, A., Di Donato, C., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Morabit, S. el, Elykov, A., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Ghosh, S., Giacomobono, R., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyorgy, P., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Hood, N. F., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koke, D., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Liu, M., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Luce, T., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Melchiorre, A., Merz, J., Messina, M., Michael, A., Miuchi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Pan, Y., Pellegrini, Q., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Rajado, M., Singh, R., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shi, J., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Szyszka, C., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C. D., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Vetter, S., Solar, F. I. Villazon, Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wu, V. H. S., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., and Zhong, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We search for dark matter (DM) with a mass [3,12] $\mathrm{GeV} / c^2$ using an exposure of 3.51 $\mathrm{t} \times \mathrm{y}$ with the XENONnT experiment. We consider spin-independent, spin-dependent, momentum-dependent, mirror DM, and self-interacting DM with a light mediator coupling to Standard Model particles. Using a lowered energy threshold compared to the previous WIMP search, a blind analysis of [0.5, 5.0] $\mathrm{keV}$ nuclear recoil events reveals no significant signal excess over the background. XENONnT excludes spin-independent DM-nucleon cross sections $>2.5 \times 10^{-45} \mathrm{~cm}^2$ at $90 \%$ confidence level for 6 $\mathrm{GeV} / c^2$ DM. The solar ${ }^8 \mathrm{B}$ neutrino coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering background accounts for approximately half of the background in the signal region. In the considered mass range, the DM sensitivity approaches the 'neutrino fog', the limitation where neutrinos produce a signal that is indistinguishable from that of light DM-xenon nucleus scattering.
Published: 2024

4. Search for $C\!P$ violation in $D^+_{(s)}\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{+}$ decays using triple and quadruple products

Author: Belle, Collaborations, Belle II, Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Baghel, N. K., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Eppelt, J., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Gironell, P. Gironella, Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Gruberová, Z., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Han, Y., Hara, T., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hoppe, R., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Ketter, C., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. -Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lai, Y. -T., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lau, T. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, Q. M., Li, W. Z., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Liao, Y. P., Libby, J., Lin, J., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Naruki, M., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Otani, F., Oxford, E. R., Pakhlova, G., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Park, H., Park, J., Park, K., Park, S. -H., Passeri, A., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Prudiiev, I., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schneider, S., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Song, W., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Strube, J., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Ueda, I., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Veronesi, M., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We perform the first search for $C\!P$ violation in ${D_{(s)}^{+}\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{+}}$ decays. We use a combined data set from the Belle and Belle II experiments, which study $e^+e^-$ collisions at center-of-mass energies at or near the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance. We use 980 fb$^{-1}$ of data from Belle and 428 fb$^{-1}$ of data from Belle~II. We measure six $C\!P$-violating asymmetries that are based on triple products and quadruple products of the momenta of final-state particles, and also the particles' helicity angles. We obtain a precision at the level of 0.5% for $D^+\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{+}$ decays, and better than 0.3% for $D^+_{s}\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{+}$ decays. No evidence of $C\!P$ violation is found. Our results for the triple-product asymmetries are the most precise to date for singly-Cabibbo-suppressed $D^+$ decays. Our results for the other asymmetries are the first such measurements performed for charm decays., Comment: 21 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2024

5. Probing exotic cross-shell interactions at N=28 with single-neutron transfer on 47K

Author: Paxman, C. J., Matta, A., Catford, W. N., Lotay, G., Assié, M., Clément, E., Lemasson, A., Ramos, D., Orr, N. A., Galtarossa, F., Girard-Alcindor, V., Dudouet, J., Achouri, N. L., Ackermann, D., Barrientos, D., Beaumel, D., Bednarczyk, P., Benzoni, G., Bracco, A., Canete, L., Cederwall, B., Ciemala, M., Delahaye, P., Doherty, D. T., Domingo-Pardo, C., Fernández-Domínguez, B., Fernández, D., Flavigny, F., Fougères, C., de France, G., Franchoo, S., Gadea, A., Gibelin, J., González, V., Gottardo, A., Goyal, N., Hammache, F., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Harrouz, D. S., Jacquot, B., Judson, D. S., Jungclaus, A., Kaşkaş, A., Korten, W., Labiche, M., Lalanne, L., Lenain, C., Leoni, S., Ljungvall, J., Lois-Fuentes, J., Lokotko, T., Lopez-Martens, A., Maj, A., Marqués, F. M., Martel, I., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Million, B., Nyberg, J., Pérez-Vidal, R. M., Plagnol, L., Podolyák, Zs., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Regueira-Castro, D., Reiter, P., Rejmund, M., Rezynkina, K., Sanchis, E., Şenyiğit, M., de Séréville, N., Siciliano, M., Sohler, D., Stezowski, O., Thomas, J. -C., Utepov, A., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., Verney, D., and Zielińska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the first measurement of the $^{47}$K($d,p\gamma$)$^{48}$K transfer reaction, performed in inverse kinematics using a reaccelerated beam of $^{47}$K. The level scheme of $^{48}$K has been greatly extended with nine new bound excited states identified and spectroscopic factors deduced. Detailed comparisons with SDPF-U and SDPF-MU shell-model calculations reveal a number of discrepancies with these results, and a preference for SDPF-MU is found. Intriguingly, an apparent systematic overestimation of spectroscopic factors and a poor reproduction of the energies for 1$^-$ states suggests that the mixing between the $\pi s^{\,\,\,1}_{1/2} d^{\,\,\,4}_{3/2}$ and $\pi s^{\,\,\,2}_{1/2} d^{\,\,\,3}_{3/2}$ proton configurations in $^{48}$K is not correctly described using current interactions, challenging our descriptions of light $N=28$ nuclei., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Published: 2024

6. Quantized Kepler-Coulomb dynamical models on two-dimensional constant curvature spaces

Author: Martens, Agnieszka
Subjects: Mathematical Physics
Abstract: The paper is continuation of [6] where we have discussed some classical and quantization problems of rigid bodies of infinitesimal size moving in Riemannian spaces. Strictly speaking, we have considered oscillatory dynamical models on sphere and pseudosphere. Here we concentrate on Kepler-Coulomb potential models. We have used formulated in [6] the two-dimensional situation on the quantum level. The Sommerfeld polynomial method is used to perform the quantization of such problems. The quantization of two-dimensional problems may have something to do with the dynamics of graphens, fullerens and nanotubes. This problem is also nearly related to the so-called restricted problems of rigid body dynamic [1], [8]., Comment: 5 pages
Published: 2024

7. XENONnT Analysis: Signal Reconstruction, Calibration and Event Selection

Author: XENON Collaboration, Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bazyk, M., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Boese, K., Brown, A., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cardoso, J. M. R., Chávez, A. P. Cimental, Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Decowski, M. P., Deisting, A., Di Donato, C., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Ghosh, S., Giacomobono, R., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyoergy, P., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Hood, N. F., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koke, D., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Luce, T., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Melchiorre, A., Merz, J., Messina, M., Michael, A., Miuchi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Pan, Y., Pellegrini, Q., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Rajado, M., Singh, R., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shi, J., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C. D., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Vetter, S., Solar, F. I. Villazon, Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wu, V. H. S., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., and Zhong, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract: The XENONnT experiment, located at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy, features a 5.9 tonne liquid xenon time projection chamber surrounded by an instrumented neutron veto, all of which is housed within a muon veto water tank. Due to extensive shielding and advanced purification to mitigate natural radioactivity, an exceptionally low background level of (15.8 $\pm$ 1.3) events/(tonne$\cdot$year$\cdot$keV) in the (1, 30) keV region is reached in the inner part of the TPC. XENONnT is thus sensitive to a wide range of rare phenomena related to Dark Matter and Neutrino interactions, both within and beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, with a focus on the direct detection of Dark Matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). From May 2021 to December 2021, XENONnT accumulated data in rare-event search mode with a total exposure of one tonne $\cdot$ year. This paper provides a detailed description of the signal reconstruction methods, event selection procedure, and detector response calibration, as well as an overview of the detector performance in this time frame. This work establishes the foundational framework for the `blind analysis' methodology we are using when reporting XENONnT physics results., Comment: 27 pages, 23 figures
Published: 2024

8. Protocol dependence for avalanches under constant stress in elastoplastic models

Author: Jocteur, Tristan, Bertin, Eric, Mari, Romain, and Martens, Kirsten
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract: Close to the yielding transition, amorphous solids exhibit a jerky dynamics characterized by plastic avalanches. The statistics of these avalanches have been measured experimentally and numerically using a variety of different triggering protocols, assuming that all of them were equivalent for this purpose. In particular two main classes of protocols have been studied, deformation under controlled strain or under controlled stress. In this work, we investigate different protocols to generate plasticity avalanches and conduct twodimensional simulations of an elastoplastic model to examine the protocol dependence of avalanche statistics in yield-stress fluids. We demonstrate that when stress is controlled, the value and even the existence of the exponent governing the probability distribution function of avalanche sizes strongly depend on the protocol chosen to initiate avalanches. This confirms in finite dimensions a scenario presented in a previous mean-field analysis. We identify a consistent stress-controlled protocol whose associated avalanches differ from the quasi-static ones in their fractal dimension and dynamical exponent. Remarkably, this protocol also seems to verify the scaling relations among exponents previously proposed. Our results underscores the necessity for a cautious interpretation of avalanche universality within elastoplastic models, and more generally within systems where several control parameters exist.
Published: 2024

9. Constraining binary mergers in AGN disks using the non-observation of lensed gravitational waves

Author: Leong, Samson H. W., Janquart, Justin, Sharma, Aditya Kumar, Martens, Paul, Ajith, Parameswaran, and Hannuksela, Otto A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: The dense and dynamic environments within active galactic nuclei (AGN) accretion disks may serve as prolific birthplaces for binary black holes (BBHs) and one possible origin for some of the BBHs detected by gravitational-wave (GW) observatories. We show that a considerable fraction of the BBH in AGN disks will be strongly lensed by the central supermassive black hole (SMBH). Thus, the non-observation of lensed GW signals can be used to constrain the fraction of BBH binaries residing in AGN disks. The non-detection of lensing with current ${\cal O}(100)$ detections will be sufficient to start placing constraints on the fraction of BBHs living within accretion disks near the SMBH. In the next-generation detectors era, with ${\cal O}(10^5)$ BBH observations and no lensed events, we will be able to rule out most migration traps as dominant birthplaces of BBH mergers; moreover, we will be able to constrain the minimum size of the accretion disk. On the other hand, should AGNs constitute a major formation channel, lensed events from AGNs will become prominent in the future., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2024

10. Removing scalar curvature assumption for Ricci flow smoothing

Author: Martens, Adam
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, 53E20
Abstract: In recent work of Chan-Huang-Lee, it is shown that if a manifold enjoys uniform bounds on (a) the negative part of the scalar curvature, (b) the local entropy, and (c) volume ratios up to a fixed scale, then there exists a Ricci flow for some definite time with estimates on the solution assuming that the local curvature concentration is small enough initially (depending only on these a priori bounds). In this work, we show that the bound on scalar curvature assumption (a) is redundant. We also give some applications of this quantitative short-time existence, including a Ricci flow smoothing result for measure space limits, a Gromov-Hausdorff compactness result, and a topoligical and geometric rigidity result in the case that the a priori local bounds are strengthened to be global., Comment: 19 pages
Published: 2024

11. Precise and Accurate Short-term Forecasting of Solar Energetic Particle Events with Multivariate Time Series Classifiers

Author: Rotti, Sumanth A., Aydin, Berkay, and Martens, Petrus C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract: Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are one of the most crucial aspects of space weather that require continuous monitoring and forecasting using robust methods. We demonstrate a proof of concept of using a data-driven supervised classification framework on a multivariate time series data set covering solar cycles 22, 23, and 24. We implement ensemble modeling that merges the results from three proton channels (E$\geq$10 MeV, 50 MeV, and 100 MeV) and the long band X-ray flux (1-8{\AA}) channel from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite missions. Our task is binary classification, such that the aim of the model is to distinguish strong SEP events from nonevents. Here, strong SEP events are those crossing the Space Weather Prediction Center's "S1" threshold of solar radiation storm and proton fluxes below that are weak SEP events. In addition, we consider periods of non-occurrence of SEPs following a flare with magnitudes $\geq$C6.0 to maintain a natural imbalance of sample distribution. In our data set, there are 244 strong SEP events comprising the positive class. There are 189 weak events and 2,460 "SEP-quiet" periods for the negative class. We experiment with summary statistic classifier, one-nearest neighbor and supervised time series forest (STSF), and compare their performances to validate our methods for prediction windows from 5 min up to 60 min. We find STSF to perform better under all circumstances. For an optimal classification threshold of $\approx$0.3 and a 60 min prediction window, we obtain: TSS = 0.850, HSS = 0.878, GSS = 0.783., Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures and 5 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2403.17418
Published: 2024

12. Reasoning about Study Regulations in Answer Set Programming

Author: Hahn, Susana, Martens, Cedric, Nemes, Amade, Otunuya, Henry, Romero, Javier, Schaub, Torsten, and Schellhorn, Sebastian
Subjects: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: We are interested in automating reasoning with and about study regulations, catering to various stakeholders, ranging from administrators, over faculty, to students at different stages. Our work builds on an extensive analysis of various study programs at the University of Potsdam. The conceptualization of the underlying principles provides us with a formal account of study regulations. In particular, the formalization reveals the properties of admissible study plans. With these at end, we propose an encoding of study regulations in Answer Set Programming that produces corresponding study plans. Finally, we show how this approach can be extended to a generic user interface for exploring study plans., Comment: To appear in Theory and Practise of Logic Programming
Published: 2024

13. One-Shot Method for Computing Generalized Winding Numbers

Author: Martens, Cedric and Bessmeltsev, Mikhail
Subjects: Computer Science - Graphics
Abstract: The generalized winding number is an essential part of the geometry processing toolkit, allowing to quantify how much a given point is inside a surface, often represented by a mesh or a point cloud, even when the surface is open, noisy, or non-manifold. Parameterized surfaces, which often contain intentional and unintentional gaps and imprecisions, would also benefit from a generalized winding number. Standard methods to compute it, however, rely on a surface integral, challenging to compute without surface discretization, leading to loss of precision characteristic of parametric surfaces. We propose an alternative method to compute a generalized winding number, based only on the surface boundary and the intersections of a single ray with the surface. For parametric surfaces, we show that all the necessary operations can be done via a Sum-of-Squares (SOS) formulation, thus computing generalized winding numbers without surface discretization with machine precision. We show that by discretizing only the boundary of the surface, this becomes an efficient method. We demonstrate an application of our method to the problem of computing a generalized winding number of a surface represented by a curve network, where each curve loop is surfaced via Laplace equation. We use the Boundary Element Method to express the solution as a parametric surface, allowing us to apply our method without meshing the surfaces. As a bonus, we also demonstrate that for meshes with many triangles and a simple boundary, our method is faster than the hierarchical evaluation of the generalized winding number while still being precise. We validate our algorithms theoretically, numerically, and by demonstrating a gallery of results \new{on a variety of parametric surfaces and meshes}, as well uses in a variety of applications, including voxelizations and boolean operations., Comment: 13 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2024

14. First Measurement of Solar $^8$B Neutrinos via Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with XENONnT

Author: Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bazyk, M., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Boese, K., Brown, A., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Chávez, A. P. Cimental, Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Decowski, M. P., Deisting, A., Di Donato, C., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Ghosh, S., Giacomobono, R., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyorgy, P., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Hood, N. F., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koke, D., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Liu, M., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Luce, T., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Melchiorre, A., Merz, J., Messina, M., Michael, A., Miuchi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Pan, Y., Pellegrini, Q., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Rajado, M., Singh, R., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shi, J., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C. D., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Vetter, S., Solar, F. I. Villazon, Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wu, V. H. S., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., and Zhong, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present the first measurement of nuclear recoils from solar $^8$B neutrinos via coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with the XENONnT dark matter experiment. The central detector of XENONnT is a low-background, two-phase time projection chamber with a 5.9\,t sensitive liquid xenon target. A blind analysis with an exposure of 3.51\,t$\times$y resulted in 37 observed events above 0.5\,keV, with ($26.4^{+1.4}_{-1.3}$) events expected from backgrounds. The background-only hypothesis is rejected with a statistical significance of 2.73\,$\sigma$. The measured $^8$B solar neutrino flux of $(4.7_{-2.3}^{+3.6})\times 10^6\,\mathrm{cm}^{-2}\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ is consistent with results from dedicated solar neutrino experiments. The measured neutrino flux-weighted CE$\nu$NS cross-section on Xe of $(1.1^{+0.8}_{-0.5})\times10^{-39}\,\mathrm{cm}^2$ is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. This is the first direct measurement of nuclear recoils from solar neutrinos with a dark matter detector.
Published: 2024

15. First search for dark photon dark matter with a MADMAX prototype

Author: Egge, J., Leppla-Weber, D., Knirck, S., Garcia, B. Ary dos Santos, Bergermann, D., Caldwell, A., Dabhi, V., Diaconu, C., Diehl, J., Dvali, G., Ekmedžić, M., Gallo, F., Garutti, E., Heyminck, S., Hubaut, F., Ivanov, A., Jochum, J., Karst, P., Kramer, M., Kreikemeyer-Lorenzo, D., Krieger, C., Lee, C., Lindner, A., Maldonado, J. P. A., Majorovits, B., Martens, S., Martini, A., Miyazaki, A., Öz, E., Pralavorio, P., Raffelt, G., Ringwald, A., Redondo, J., Roset, S., Salama, N., Schaffran, J., Schmidt, A., Steffen, F., Strandhagen, C., Usherov, I., Wang, H., Wieching, G., Cancelo, G., Di Federico, M., Hoshino, G., and Stefanazzi, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report the first result from a dark photon dark matter search in the mass range from ${78.62}$ to $83.95~\mathrm{\mu eV}/c^2$ with a dielectric haloscope prototype for MADMAX (Magnetized Disc and Mirror Axion eXperiment). Putative dark photons would convert to observable photons within a stack consisting of three sapphire disks and a mirror. The emitted power of this system is received by an antenna and successively digitized using a low-noise receiver. No dark photon signal has been observed. Assuming unpolarized dark photon dark matter with a local density of $\rho_{\chi}=0.3~\mathrm{GeV/cm^3}$ we exclude a dark photon to photon mixing parameter $\chi > 3.0 \times 10^{-12}$ over the full mass range and $\chi > 1.2 \times 10^{-13}$ at a mass of $80.57~\mathrm{\mu eV}/c^2$ with a 95\% confidence level. This is the first physics result from a MADMAX prototype and exceeds previous constraints on $\chi$ in this mass range by up to almost three orders of magnitude., Comment: v1
Published: 2024

16. A Model for Program Improvement Using Reflections by EdD Scholars about Adaptation during a Pandemic Time

Author: Jacqueline Hawkins and Monica Martens
Abstract: The results of a reflective survey, used for program evaluation, demonstrate how EdD scholars used their learning about Improvement Science as an insightful lifeline and for practical guidance within their professional practice in an uncertain time. Scholars imparted valuable information to EdD faculty about the strains and challenges they were under. Faculty, in turn, enhanced their choice of content and approaches to teaching about how to manage actionable change and becoming a more reflective and resilient practitioner. In CPED-influenced programs such as ours, this exchange of learning is ongoing and natural, as scholars pitch up problems of practice in need of immediate progress and improvement--sharing insights into strategies (successful or failed)--with faculty. Program learning and enhancements, in light of our students' lived experience and learnings, are discussed. We conclude with guidance about tools and procedures to navigate turbulence in educational systems.
Published: 2024

17. Exploring COVID-19's Impact on Undergraduate Nursing Students

Author: Riley Martens, Mary Hou, Susan Isherwood, and Colleen Cuthbert
Abstract: The researchers aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing education through semi-structured interviews with undergraduate nursing students. The researchers explored themes related to online education, clinical placements, and mental health. Findings revealed that the sudden shift to online learning caused increased stress, and decreased confidence. Clinical placements were affected, leading to missed time and altered learning experiences. Mental health suffered as students faced stressors and challenges brought on by the pandemic. These interviews elucidate the challenges faced by nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic and provide valuable information for future planning in nursing education during crises. [Articles in this journal were presented at the University of Calgary Conference on Postsecondary Learning and Teaching.]
Published: 2024

18. Retrospective Seroprevalence of Orthopoxvirus Antibodies among Key Populations, Kenya.

Author: Loeb, Kristi, Milner, Kieran, Lemaille, Candice, Martens, Brielle, Stein, Derek, Lajoie, Julie, Shaw, Souradet, Rimoin, Anne, Mbala-Kingebeni, Placide, Hoff, Nicole, Noyce, Ryan, Fowke, Keith, Kimani, Joshua, McKinnon, Lyle, and Kindrachuk, Jason
Subjects: Kenya, antibodies, orthopoxvirus, seroprevalence, sexually transmitted infections, viruses, zoonoses, Humans, Kenya, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Male, Antibodies, Viral, Retrospective Studies, Adult, Orthopoxvirus, Female, Poxviridae Infections, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Adolescent
Abstract: We identified a cluster of mpox exposures among key populations in Kenya through retrospective serologic screening. We identified strong seropositivity among sex workers and gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. These findings demonstrate the need for increased mpox surveillance among mpox-endemic and mpox-endemic-adjacent regions in Africa.
Published: 2024

19. Determination of $|V_{ub}|$ from simultaneous measurements of untagged $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ and $B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}$ decays

Author: Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dorner, D., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Granderath, S., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Leo, P., Lemettais, C., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Prudiiev, I., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schneider, S., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We present a measurement of $|V_{ub}|$ from a simultaneous study of the charmless semileptonic decays $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ and $B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}$, where $\ell = e, \mu$. This measurement uses a data sample of 387 million $B\overline{B}$ meson pairs recorded by the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider between 2019 and 2022. The two decays are reconstructed without identifying the partner $B$ mesons. We simultaneously measure the differential branching fractions of $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ and $B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}$ decays as functions of $q^2$ (momentum transfer squared). From these, we obtain total branching fractions $B(B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}) = (1.516 \pm 0.042 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.059 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$ and $B(B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}) = (1.625 \pm 0.079 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.180 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$. By fitting the measured $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ partial branching fractions as functions of $q^2$, together with constraints on the non-perturbative hadronic contribution from lattice QCD calculations, we obtain $|V_{ub}|$ = $(3.93 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.13 \pm 0.19) \times 10^{-3}$. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is theoretical.
Published: 2024

20. First mechanical realization of a tunable dielectric haloscope for the MADMAX axion search experiment

Author: The MADMAX Collaboration, Garcia, B. Ary Dos Santos, Bergermann, D., Caldwell, A., Dabhi, V., Diaconu, C., Diehl, J., Dvali, G., Egge, J., Ekmedzic, M., Gallo, F., Garutti, E., Heyminck, S., Hubaut, F., Ivanov, A., Jochum, J., Karst, P., Kramer, M., Kreikemeyer-Lorenzo, D., Krieger, C., Leppla-Weber, D., Lindner, A., Maldonado, J., Majorovits, B., Martens, S., Martini, A., Öz, E., Pralavorio, P., Raffelt, G., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Roset, S., Schaffran, J., Schmidt, A., Steffen, F., Strandhagen, C., Usherov, I., Wang, H., and Wieching, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: MADMAX, a future experiment to search for axion dark matter, is based on a novel detection concept called the dielectric haloscope. It consists of a booster composed of several dielectric disks positioned with $\mu$m precision. A prototype composed of one movable disk was built to demonstrate the mechanical feasibility of such a booster in the challenging environment of the experiment: high magnetic field to convert the axions into photons and cryogenic temperature to reduce the thermal noise. It was tested both inside a strong magnetic field up to 1.6 T and at cryogenic temperatures down to 35K. The measurements of the velocity and positioning accuracy of the disk are shown and are found to match the MADMAX requirements., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to JINST
Published: 2024

21. Search for the baryon number and lepton number violating decays $\tau^-\to \Lambda\pi^-$ and $\tau^-\to \bar{\Lambda}\pi^-$ at Belle II

Author: Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Eppelt, J., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Gironella, P., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Hara, K., Harris, C., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hoppe, R., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. -Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Lee, M. J., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, W. Z., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lin, J., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Pakhlov, P., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Park, J., Park, K., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roney, J. M., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Song, W., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zhang, B., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We present a search for the baryon number $B$ and lepton number $L$ violating decays $\tau^- \rightarrow \Lambda \pi^-$ and $\tau^- \rightarrow \bar{\Lambda} \pi^-$ produced from the $e^+e^-\to \tau^+\tau^-$ process, using a 364 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected by the Belle~II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. No evidence of signal is found in either decay mode, which have $|\Delta(B-L)|$ equal to $2$ and $0$, respectively. Upper limits at 90\% credibility level on the branching fractions of $\tau^- \rightarrow \Lambda\pi^-$ and $\tau^- \rightarrow \bar{\Lambda}\pi^-$ are determined to be $4.7 \times 10^{-8}$ and $4.3 \times 10^{-8}$, respectively., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2024

22. Sharpening a gap theorem: nonnegative Ricci and small curvature concentration

Author: Martens, Adam
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, 53E20
Abstract: We sharpen a gap theorem of Chan & Lee for nonnegative Ricci curvature manifolds that have positive asymptotic volume ratio and small enough scale-invariant integral curvature (so-called "curvature concentration"), by showing that the curvature concentration need only depend linearly on the asymptotic volume ratio. We prove the result by exhibiting a long-time Ricci flow solution with faster than $1/t$ curvature decay, which allows us to shift the limiting contradiction argument to time infinity and thus obtain an explicit bound on the size of the gap., Comment: 23 pages
Published: 2024

23. Optimization dynamics and fluctuations in the self-organization of vascular networks

Author: Klemm, Konstantin and Martens, Erik Andreas
Subjects: Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
Abstract: The model by Hu and Cai [Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 111(13) (2013)1 ] describes the self-organization of vascular networks for transport of fluids from source to sinks. Diameters, and thereby conductances, of vessel segments evolve so as to minimize a cost functional E. The cost is the trade-off between the power required for pumping the fluid and the energy consumption for vessel maintenance. The model has been used to show emergence of cyclic structures in the presence of locally fluctuating demand, i.e. non-constant net flow at sink nodes. Under rapid and sufficiently large fluctuations, the dynamics exhibits bistability of tree-like and cyclic network structures. We compare these solutions in terms of the cost functional E. Close to the saddle-node bifurcation giving rise to the cyclic solutions, we find a parameter regime where the tree-like solution rather than the cyclic solution is cost-optimal. Further increase of fluctuation amplitude then leads to an additional transition at which the cyclic solution becomes optimal. The findings hold both in a small system of one source and two sinks and in an empirical vascular network with hundreds of sinks. In the small system, we further analyze the case of slower fluctuations, i.e., on the same time scale as network adaptation. We find that the noisy dynamics settles around the cyclic structures even when these structures are not cost-optimal.
Published: 2024

24. Inverse stochastic resonance in adaptive small-world neural networks

Author: Yamakou, Marius E., Zhu, Jinjie, and Martens, Erik A.
Subjects: Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
Abstract: Inverse stochastic resonance (ISR) is a phenomenon where noise reduces rather than increases the firing rate of a neuron, sometimes leading to complete quiescence. ISR was first experimentally verified with cerebellar Purkinje neurons. These experiments showed that ISR enables optimal information transfer between the input and output spike train of neurons. Subsequent studies demonstrated the efficiency of information processing and transfer in neural networks with small-world topology. We conducted a numerical investigation into the impact of adaptivity on ISR in a small-world network of noisy FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neurons, operating in a bistable regime with a stable fixed point and a limit cycle -- a prerequisite for ISR. Our results show that the degree of ISR is highly dependent on the FHN model's timescale separation parameter $\epsilon$. The network structure undergoes dynamic adaptation via mechanisms of either spike-time-dependent plasticity (STDP) with potentiation-/depression-domination parameter $P$, or homeostatic structural plasticity (HSP) with rewiring frequency $F$. We demonstrate that both STDP and HSP amplify ISR when $\epsilon$ lies within the bistability region of FHN neurons. Specifically, at larger values of $\epsilon$ within the bistability regime, higher rewiring frequencies $F$ enhance ISR at intermediate (weak) synaptic noise intensities, while values of $P$ consistent with depression-domination (potentiation-domination) enhance (deteriorate) ISR. Moreover, although STDP and HSP parameters may jointly enhance ISR, $P$ has a greater impact on ISR compared to $F$. Our findings inform future ISR enhancement strategies in noisy artificial neural circuits, aiming to optimize information transfer between input and output spike trains in neuromorphic systems, and prompt venues for experiments in neural networks., Comment: 16 pages, 59 references, 10 figures
Published: 2024

25. Bispectrum from inflation/bouncing Universe in VCDM

Author: Ganz, Alexander, Martens, Paul, Mukohyama, Shinji, and Namba, Ryo
Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We discuss the non-linear interactions within the VCDM model, a type II minimally modified gravity model with the same number of degrees of freedom as in General Relativity but not connected to the latter by field redefinitions. During an inflationary phase in the early universe, if the VCDM potential does not modify the slow-roll behavior of the inflaton field, we recover, up to the leading order, the standard results for the bispectrum in slow-roll inflation. On the other hand, if the VCDM potential becomes dominant, the interactions can strongly deviate and even violate the Maldacena's consistency relation for the local non-Gaussianities. Furthermore, we apply the formalism to the recently introduced bouncing model in VCDM, and show that the bispectrum still respects current observational constraints. Future measurements on non-Gaussianities of the local type should provide the test ground for the model's validity., Comment: 22 pages, Prepared for a special issue of the International Journal of Modern Physics A, which is devoted to the memory of V.A.Rubakov
Published: 2024

26. Continuum limit of the adaptive Kuramoto model

Author: Cestnik, Rok and Martens, Erik A.
Subjects: Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract: We investigate the dynamics of the adaptive Kuramoto model in the continuum limit with slow adaptation. This model is distinguished by dense multistability, where multiple states coexist for the same system parameters. The underlying cause of this multistability is that some oscillators can lock at different phases or switch between locking and drifting depending on their initial conditions. We identify new states, such as two-cluster states. To simplify the analysis we introduce an approximate reduction of the model via row-averaging of the coupling matrix. We derive a self-consistency equation for the reduced model and present a stability diagram illustrating the effects of positive and negative adaptation. Our theoretical findings are validated through numerical simulations of a large finite system. Comparisons to previous work highlight the significant influence of adaptation on synchronization behavior., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

27. Co-evolutionary dynamics for two adaptively coupled Theta neurons

Author: Augustsson, Felix and Martens, Erik Andreas
Subjects: Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
Abstract: Natural and technological networks exhibit dynamics that can lead to complex cooperative behaviors, such as synchronization in coupled oscillators and rhythmic activity in neuronal networks. Understanding these collective dynamics is crucial for deciphering a range of phenomena from brain activity to power grid stability. Recent interest in co-evolutionary networks has highlighted the intricate interplay between dynamics on and of the network with mixed time scales. Here, we explore the collective behavior of excitable oscillators in a simple networks of two Theta neurons with adaptive coupling without self-interaction. Through a combination of bifurcation analysis and numerical simulations, we seek to understand how the level of adaptivity in the coupling strength, $a$, influences the dynamics. We first investigate the dynamics possible in the non-adaptive limit; our bifurcation analysis reveals stability regions of quiescence and spiking behaviors, where the spiking frequencies mode-lock in a variety of configurations. Second, as we increase the adaptivity $a$, we observe a widening of the associated Arnol'd tongues, which may overlap and give room for multi-stable configurations. For larger adaptivity, the mode-locked regions may further undergo a period-doubling cascade into chaos. Our findings contribute to the mathematical theory of adaptive networks and offer insights into the potential mechanisms underlying neuronal communication and synchronization.
Published: 2024

28. Measurement of the integrated luminosity of data samples collected during 2019-2022 by the Belle II experiment

Author: The Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Das, S., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Eppelt, J., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Gironella, P., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hoppe, R., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. -Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y. J., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, W. Z., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Liao, Y. P., Libby, J., Lin, J., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, K., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Song, W., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A series of data samples was collected with the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB collider from March 2019 to June 2022. We determine the integrated luminosities of these data samples using three distinct methodologies involving Bhabha ($e^+e^- \to e^+e^-(n\gamma)$), digamma ($e^+e^- \to \gamma\gamma(n\gamma)$), and dimuon ($e^+e^- \to \mu^+ \mu^- (n\gamma)$) events. The total integrated luminosity obtained with Bhabha, digamma, and dimuon events is ({426.88} $\pm$ 0.03 $\pm$ {2.61})~fb$^{-1}$, ({429.28} $\pm$ 0.03 $\pm$ {2.62})~fb$^{-1}$, and ({423.99} $\pm$ 0.04 $\pm$ {3.83})~fb$^{-1}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The resulting total integrated luminosity obtained from the combination of the three methods is ({427.87 $\pm$ 2.01})~fb$^{-1}$., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in Chinese Physics C
Published: 2024

29. Normalization and effective learning rates in reinforcement learning

Author: Lyle, Clare, Zheng, Zeyu, Khetarpal, Khimya, Martens, James, van Hasselt, Hado, Pascanu, Razvan, and Dabney, Will
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: Normalization layers have recently experienced a renaissance in the deep reinforcement learning and continual learning literature, with several works highlighting diverse benefits such as improving loss landscape conditioning and combatting overestimation bias. However, normalization brings with it a subtle but important side effect: an equivalence between growth in the norm of the network parameters and decay in the effective learning rate. This becomes problematic in continual learning settings, where the resulting effective learning rate schedule may decay to near zero too quickly relative to the timescale of the learning problem. We propose to make the learning rate schedule explicit with a simple re-parameterization which we call Normalize-and-Project (NaP), which couples the insertion of normalization layers with weight projection, ensuring that the effective learning rate remains constant throughout training. This technique reveals itself as a powerful analytical tool to better understand learning rate schedules in deep reinforcement learning, and as a means of improving robustness to nonstationarity in synthetic plasticity loss benchmarks along with both the single-task and sequential variants of the Arcade Learning Environment. We also show that our approach can be easily applied to popular architectures such as ResNets and transformers while recovering and in some cases even slightly improving the performance of the base model in common stationary benchmarks.
Published: 2024

30. Shower Separation in Five Dimensions for Highly Granular Calorimeters using Machine Learning

Author: Lai, S., Utehs, J., Wilhahn, A., Fouz, M. C., Bach, O., Brianne, E., Ebrahimi, A., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Hartbrich, O., Heuchel, D., Irles, A., Krüger, K., Kvasnicka, J., Lu, S., Neubüser, C., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., De Silva, M., Sudo, Y., Tran, H. L., Liu, L., Masuda, R., Murata, T., Ootani, W., Seino, T., Takatsu, T., Tsuji, N., Pöschl, R., Richard, F., Zerwas, D., Hummer, F., Simon, F., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Nanni, J., Videau, H., Buhmann, E., Garutti, E., Huck, S., Kasieczka, G., Martens, S., Rolph, J., Wellhausen, J., Bilki, B., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Emberger, L., and Graf, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: To achieve state-of-the-art jet energy resolution for Particle Flow, sophisticated energy clustering algorithms must be developed that can fully exploit available information to separate energy deposits from charged and neutral particles. Three published neural network-based shower separation models were applied to simulation and experimental data to measure the performance of the highly granular CALICE Analogue Hadronic Calorimeter (AHCAL) technological prototype in distinguishing the energy deposited by a single charged and single neutral hadron for Particle Flow. The performance of models trained using only standard spatial and energy and charged track position information from an event was compared to models trained using timing information available from AHCAL, which is expected to improve sensitivity to shower development and, therefore, aid in clustering. Both simulation and experimental data were used to train and test the models and their performances were compared. The best-performing neural network achieved significantly superior event reconstruction when timing information was utilised in training for the case where the charged hadron had more energy than the neutral one, motivating temporally sensitive calorimeters. All models under test were observed to tend to allocate energy deposited by the more energetic of the two showers to the less energetic one. Similar shower reconstruction performance was observed for a model trained on simulation and applied to data and a model trained and applied to data.
Published: 2024

31. The Belle II Detector Upgrades Framework Conceptual Design Report

Author: Aihara, H., Aloisio, A., Auguste, D. P., Aversano, M., Babeluk, M., Bahinipati, S., Banerjee, Sw., Barbero, M., Baudot, J., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Bergauer, T., Bernlochner., F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertolone, G., Bespin, C., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bevan, A. J., Bhuyan, B., Bona, M., Bonis, J. F., Borah, J., Bosi, F., Boudagga, R., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Breugnon, P., Browder, T. E., Buch, Y., Budano, A., Campajola, M., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Chen, C., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Dey, S., Dingfelder, J. C., Dong, T. V., Dorokhov, A., Dujany, G., Epifanov, D., Federici, L., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, Ch., Finocchiaro, G., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Gabrielli, A., Gaioni, L., Gao, Y., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Giordano, R., Giroletti, S., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Haide, I., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hayasaka, K., Hearty, C., Heidelbach, A., Higuchi, T., Himmi, A., Hoferichter, M., Howgill, D. A., Hu-Guo, C., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Irmler, C., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iyer, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jin, Y., Junginger, T., Kandra, J., Kojima, K., Koga, T., Korobov, A. A., Korpar, S., Križan, P., Krüger, H., Kuhr, T., Kumar, A., Kumar, R ., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lacasta, C., Lai, Y. -T., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lee, M. J., Leonidopoulos, C., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Libby, J. F., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Y., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Mancinelli, G., Manghisoni, M., Manoni, E., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Massa, M., Massaccesi, L., Mawas, F., Mazorra, J., Merola, M., Miller, C., Minuti, M., Mizuk, R., Modak, A., Moggi, A., Mohanty, G. B., Moneta, S., Muller, Th., Na, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakao, M., Natochii, A., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Novosel, A., Pangaud, P., Parker, B., Passeri, A., Pedlar, T. K., Peinaud, Y., Peng, Y., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Pham, T. H., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Prell, S., Purohit, M. V., Ratti, L., Re, V., Reuter, L., Riceputi, E., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roney, J. M., Russo, A., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schall, L., Schnell, G., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwenker, B., Schwickardi, M., Seljak, A., Serrano, J., Shiu, J. -G., Shwartz, B., Simon, F., Soffer, A., Song, W. M., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Tanaka, S., Taniguchi, N., Teotia, V., Tessema, N., Thalmeier, R., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Trantou, F. F., Traversi, G., Urquijo, P., Vahsen, S. E., Valin, I., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Wang, X. L., Wessel, C., Wienands, H. U., Won, E., Xu, D., Yamada, S., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zong, Z., and Zou, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We describe the planned near-term and potential longer-term upgrades of the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider operating at the KEK laboratory in Tsukuba, Japan. These upgrades will allow increasingly sensitive searches for possible new physics beyond the Standard Model in flavor, tau, electroweak and dark sector physics that are both complementary to and competitive with the LHC and other experiments., Comment: Editor: F. Forti 170 pages
Published: 2024

32. Optical ionization effects in kHz laser wakefield acceleration with few-cycle pulses

Author: Monzac, Joséphine, Smartsev, Slava, Huijts, Julius, Rovige, Lucas, Andriyash, Igor A., Vernier, Aline, Tomkus, Vidmantas, Girdauskas, Valdas, Raciukaitis, Gediminas, Mackevičiūtė, Miglė, Stankevic, Valdemar, Cavagna, Antoine, Kaur, Jaismeen, Kalouguine, André, Lopez-Martens, Rodrigo, and Faure, Jérôme
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract: We present significant advances in Laser Wakefield Acceleration (LWFA) operating at a 1 kHz repetition rate, employing a sub-TW, few-femtosecond laser and a continuously flowing hydrogen gas target. We conducted the first comprehensive study assessing how the nature of the gas within the target influences accelerator performance. This work confirms and elucidates the superior performance of hydrogen in kHz LWFA. Our system generates quasi-monoenergetic electron bunches with energies up to 10 MeV, bunch charges of 2 pC, and angular divergences of 15 mrad. Notably, our novel scheme relying on differential pumping enables continuous operation at kHz repetition rates, contrasting with previous systems that operated in burst mode to achieve similar beam properties. Particle-in-cell simulations explain hydrogen's superior performances: the ionization effects in nitrogen and helium distort the laser pulse, negatively impacting accelerator performance. These effects are strongly mitigated in hydrogen plasma, thereby enhancing beam quality. This analysis represents a significant step forward in optimizing and understanding kHz LWFA. It underscores the critical role of hydrogen and the imperative need to develop hydrogen-compatible target systems capable of managing high repetition rates, as exemplified by our differential pumping system. These advances lay the groundwork for further developments in high-repetition-rate LWFA technology., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2024

33. The Blue Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (BlueMUSE) on the VLT: End-To-End simulator 'BlueSi'

Author: Wendt, Martin, Castro, Norberto, Martens, Sven, Pharo, John, Weilbacher, Peter M., Krajnović, Davor, and Richard, Johan
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: BlueMUSE is a blue, medium spectral resolution, panoramic integral-field spectrograph under development for the Very Large Telescope (VLT). We demonstrate and discuss an early End-To-End simulation software for final BlueMUSE datacube products. Early access to such simulations is key to a number of aspects already in the development stage of a new major instrument. We outline the software design choices, including lessons learned from the MUSE instrument in operation at the VLT since 2014. The current simulation software package is utilized to evaluate some of the technical specifications of BlueMUSE as well as giving assistance in the assessment of certain trade offs regarding instrument capabilities, e.g., spatial and spectral resolution and sampling. By providing simulations of the end-user product including realistic environmental conditions such as sky contamination and seeing, BlueSi can be used to devise and prepare the science of the instrument by individual research teams., Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2024

34. XENONnT WIMP Search: Signal & Background Modeling and Statistical Inference

Author: XENON Collaboration, Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bazyk, M., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Boese, K., Brown, A., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cardoso, J. M. R., Chávez, A. P. Cimental, Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Decowski, M. P., Di Donato, C., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Ghosh, S., Giacomobono, R., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyoergy, P., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Hood, N. F., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Luce, T., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Melchiorre, A., Messina, M., Michael, A., Miuchi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Pan, Y., Pellegrini, Q., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Rajado, M., Singh, R., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shi, J., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C. D., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Vetter, S., Solar, F. I. Villazon, Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wu, V. H. S., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., and Zhong, M.
Subjects: Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The XENONnT experiment searches for weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter scattering off a xenon nucleus. In particular, XENONnT uses a dual-phase time projection chamber with a 5.9-tonne liquid xenon target, detecting both scintillation and ionization signals to reconstruct the energy, position, and type of recoil. A blind search for nuclear recoil WIMPs with an exposure of 1.1 tonne-years yielded no signal excess over background expectations, from which competitive exclusion limits were derived on WIMP-nucleon elastic scatter cross sections, for WIMP masses ranging from 6 GeV/$c^2$ up to the TeV/$c^2$ scale. This work details the modeling and statistical methods employed in this search. By means of calibration data, we model the detector response, which is then used to derive background and signal models. The construction and validation of these models is discussed, alongside additional purely data-driven backgrounds. We also describe the statistical inference framework, including the definition of the likelihood function and the construction of confidence intervals., Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2024

35. Pattern or Artifact? Interactively Exploring Embedding Quality with TRACE

Author: Heiter, Edith, Martens, Liesbet, Seurinck, Ruth, Guilliams, Martin, De Bie, Tijl, Saeys, Yvan, and Lijffijt, Jefrey
Subjects: Computer Science - Graphics, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: This paper presents TRACE, a tool to analyze the quality of 2D embeddings generated through dimensionality reduction techniques. Dimensionality reduction methods often prioritize preserving either local neighborhoods or global distances, but insights from visual structures can be misleading if the objective has not been achieved uniformly. TRACE addresses this challenge by providing a scalable and extensible pipeline for computing both local and global quality measures. The interactive browser-based interface allows users to explore various embeddings while visually assessing the pointwise embedding quality. The interface also facilitates in-depth analysis by highlighting high-dimensional nearest neighbors for any group of points and displaying high-dimensional distances between points. TRACE enables analysts to make informed decisions regarding the most suitable dimensionality reduction method for their specific use case, by showing the degree and location where structure is preserved in the reduced space., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Accepted at ECML-PKDD 2024. For a demo video, see https://youtu.be/mtyFzXt51Jw. Code is available at https://github.com/aida-ugent/TRACE
Published: 2024

36. RDF Surfaces: Enabling Classical Negation on the Semantic Web

Author: Hochstenbach, Patrick, van Noort, Mathijs, Arndt, Dörthe, Martens, Rebekka, De Roo, Jos, Verborgh, Ruben, Bonte, Pieter, and Ongenae, Femke
Subjects: Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science
Abstract: The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a fundamental technology in the Semantic Web, enabling the representation and interchange of structured data. However, RDF lacks the capability to express negated statements in a generic way. As a result, exchanging negative information on a Web scale is thus far restricted to specific cases and predefined statements. The ability to negate (virtually) any RDF statement allows for a comprehensive way to refute, deny or otherwise invalidate claims on a Web scale. Via an intermediate step of a diagrammatic approach to logical expressions called Peirce graphs, we introduce RDF Surfaces, an extension of RDF that incorporates the concept of classic negation, known from first-order logic. Overall, RDF Surfaces provides an abstract, visual approach to negation within the Semantic Web, offering a more general and widely applicable approach than previous attempts at incorporating negation. Aside from a (traditional) programmatic syntax, RDF Surfaces can also be represented visually by means of diagrams inspired by Peirce graphs. We demonstrate negation via RDF Surfaces and how to reason upon it in illustrative use cases drawn from the domains of academic publishing and eHealth. We hope this vision paper attracts new implementers and opens the discussion to its formal specification.
Published: 2024

37. Complex Symplectic Contractions and 3d Mirrors

Author: Dancer, Andrew, Grimminger, Julius F., Martens, Johan, and Zhong, Zhenghao
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics - Symplectic Geometry
Abstract: We propose magnetic quivers for the complex-symplectic contraction spaces, which are related to implosions and have a natural interpretation in terms of the Moore-Tachikawa category. We use 3-d mirrors to provide computational checks.
Published: 2024

38. Lightwave-controlled relativistic plasma mirrors

Author: Ouillé, Marie, Kaur, Jaismeen, Cheng, Zhao, Haessler, Stefan, and Lopez-Martens, Rodrigo
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract: We report on attosecond-scale control of high-harmonic and electron emission from plasma mirrors driven by relativistic-intensity near-single-cycle lightwaves at kHz repetition rate. By controlling the waveform of the intense light transient, we reproducibly form a sub-cycle temporal intensity gate at the plasma mirror surface, leading to the observation of extreme ultraviolet spectral continua, characteristic of isolated attosecond pulse generation. We also observe the correlated emission of a waveform-dependent relativistic electron beam, paving the way towards fully lightwave-controlled dynamics of relativistic plasma mirrors.
Published: 2024
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39. Measurement of the branching fractions of $\bar{B}\to D^{()} K^- K^{()0}_{(S)}$ and $\bar{B}\to D^{(*)}D_s^{-}$ decays at Belle II

Author: Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dorner, D., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schneider, S., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We present measurements of the branching fractions of eight $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ decay channels. The results are based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $362~\text{fb}^{-1}$. The event yields are extracted from fits to the distributions of the difference between expected and observed $B$ meson energy, and are efficiency-corrected as a function of $m(K^-K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ and $m(D^{(*)}K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ in order to avoid dependence on the decay model. These results include the first observation of $\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0$, $B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0$, and $\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0$ decays and a significant improvement in the precision of the other channels compared to previous measurements. The helicity-angle distributions and the invariant mass distributions of the $K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ systems are compatible with quasi-two-body decays via a resonant transition with spin-parity $J^P=1^-$ for the $K^-K_S^0$ systems and $J^P= 1^+$ for the $K^-K^{*0}$ systems. We also present measurements of the branching fractions of four $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} D_s^-$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} D_s^- $ decay channels with a precision compatible to the current world averages., Comment: 34 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.01321
Published: 2024
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40. Measurements of the branching fractions of $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$, $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta$, and $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime}$ and asymmetry parameter of $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$

Author: Belle, Collaborations, Belle II, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Chen, C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaleta, M., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schneider, S., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Solovieva, E., Song, W., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: We present a study of $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$, $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta$, and $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime}$ decays using the Belle and Belle~II data samples, which have integrated luminosities of 980~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ and 426~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$, respectively. We measure the following relative branching fractions $${\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0})/{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}) = 0.48 \pm 0.02 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.03 ({\rm syst}) ,$$ $${\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta)/{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}) = 0.11 \pm 0.01 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.01 ({\rm syst}) ,$$ $${\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime})/{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}) = 0.08 \pm 0.02 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.01 ({\rm syst}) $$ for the first time, where the uncertainties are statistical ($\rm stat$) and systematic ($\rm syst$). By multiplying by the branching fraction of the normalization mode, ${\mathcal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})$, we obtain the following absolute branching fraction results $(6.9 \pm 0.3 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.5 ({\rm syst}) \pm 1.3 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, $(1.6 \pm 0.2 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.2 ({\rm syst}) \pm 0.3 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, and $(1.2 \pm 0.3 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.1 ({\rm syst}) \pm 0.2 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, for $\Xi_{c}^{0}$ decays to $\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$, $\Xi^{0}\eta$, and $\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime}$ final states, respectively. The third errors are from the uncertainty on ${\mathcal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})$. The asymmetry parameter for $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$ is measured to be $\alpha(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}) = -0.90\pm0.15({\rm stat})\pm0.23({\rm syst})$., Comment: 23 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

41. Jina CLIP: Your CLIP Model Is Also Your Text Retriever

Author: Koukounas, Andreas, Mastrapas, Georgios, Günther, Michael, Wang, Bo, Martens, Scott, Mohr, Isabelle, Sturua, Saba, Akram, Mohammad Kalim, Martínez, Joan Fontanals, Ognawala, Saahil, Guzman, Susana, Werk, Maximilian, Wang, Nan, and Xiao, Han
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Information Retrieval, 68T50, I.2.7
Abstract: Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) is widely used to train models to align images and texts in a common embedding space by mapping them to fixed-sized vectors. These models are key to multimodal information retrieval and related tasks. However, CLIP models generally underperform in text-only tasks compared to specialized text models. This creates inefficiencies for information retrieval systems that keep separate embeddings and models for text-only and multimodal tasks. We propose a novel, multi-task contrastive training method to address this issue, which we use to train the jina-clip-v1 model to achieve the state-of-the-art performance on both text-image and text-text retrieval tasks., Comment: 4 pages, MFM-EAI@ICML2024
Published: 2024

42. Search for the decay $B^{0}\to\gamma\gamma$ using Belle and Belle II data

Author: Belle, Collaborations, Belle II, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Said, S. Al, Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Belous, K., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasxoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Chen, C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dorner, D., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Han, Y., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, J., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Levit, D., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Prudiiev, I., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schneider, S., Schnell, G., Schnepf, M., Schoenning, K., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xie, Y., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report the result of a search for the rare decay $B^{0} \to \gamma \gamma$ using a combined dataset of $753\times10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and $387\times10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment from decays of the $\rm \Upsilon(4S)$ resonance produced in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions. A simultaneous fit to the Belle and Belle II data sets yields $11.0^{+6.5}_{-5.5}$ signal events, corresponding to a 2.5$\sigma$ significance. We determine the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(B^{0} \to \gamma\gamma) = (3.7^{+2.2}_{-1.8}(\rm stat)\pm0.5(\rm syst))\times10^{-8}$ and set a 90% credibility level upper limit of $\mathcal{B}(B^{0} \to \gamma\gamma) < 6.4\times10^{-8}$., Comment: Published in PRD(L)
Published: 2024
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43. Finite-Choice Logic Programming

Author: Simmons, Robert J., Arntzenius, Michael, and Martens, Chris
Subjects: Computer Science - Programming Languages, Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science
Abstract: Logic programming, as exemplified by datalog, defines the meaning of a program as the canonical smallest model derived from deductive closure over its inference rules. However, many problems call for an enumeration of models that vary along some set of choices while maintaining structural and logical constraints -- there is no single canonical model. The notion of stable models has successfully captured programmer intuition about the set of valid solutions for such problems, giving rise to a family of programming languages and associated solvers collectively known as answer set programming. Unfortunately, the definition of a stable model is frustratingly indirect, especially in the presence of rules containing free variables. We propose a new formalism, called finite-choice logic programing, for which the set of stable models can be characterized as the least fixed point of an immediate consequence operator. Our formalism allows straightforward expression of common idioms in both datalog and answer set programming, gives meaning to a new and useful class of programs, enjoys a constructive and direct operational semantics, and admits a predictive cost semantics, which we demonstrate through our implementation.
Published: 2024

44. Exposing Image Classifier Shortcuts with Counterfactual Frequency (CoF) Tables

Author: Hinns, James and Martens, David
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: The rise of deep learning in image classification has brought unprecedented accuracy but also highlighted a key issue: the use of 'shortcuts' by models. Such shortcuts are easy-to-learn patterns from the training data that fail to generalise to new data. Examples include the use of a copyright watermark to recognise horses, snowy background to recognise huskies, or ink markings to detect malignant skin lesions. The explainable AI (XAI) community has suggested using instance-level explanations to detect shortcuts without external data, but this requires the examination of many explanations to confirm the presence of such shortcuts, making it a labour-intensive process. To address these challenges, we introduce Counterfactual Frequency (CoF) tables, a novel approach that aggregates instance-based explanations into global insights, and exposes shortcuts. The aggregation implies the need for some semantic concepts to be used in the explanations, which we solve by labelling the segments of an image. We demonstrate the utility of CoF tables across several datasets, revealing the shortcuts learned from them., Comment: 10 pages, 18 figures
Published: 2024

45. High-precision spectroscopy of $^{20}$O benchmarking ab-initio calculations in light nuclei

Author: Zanon, I., Clément, E., Goasduff, A., Menéndez, J., Miyagi, T., Assié, M., Ciemała, M., Flavigny, F., Lemasson, A., Matta, A., Ramos, D., Rejmund, M., Achouri, L., Ackermann, D., Barrientos, D., Beaumel, D., Benzoni, G., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Bottoni, S., Bracco, A., Brugnara, D., de France, G., de Sereville, N., Delaunay, F., Desesquelles, P., Didierjean, F., Domingo-Prato, C., Dudouet, J., Eberth, J., Fernández, D., Fougères, C., Gadea, A., Galtarossa, F., Girard-Alcindor, V., Gonzales, V., Gottardo, A., Hammache, F., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Judson, D. S, Jungclaus, A., Kaşkaş, A., Kim, Y. H., Kuşoğlu, A., Labiche, M., Leblond, S., Lenain, C., Lenzi, S. M., Leoni, S., Li, H., Ljungvall, J., Lois-Fuentes, J., Lopez-Martens, A., Maj, A., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Michelagnoli, C., Million, B., Napoli, D. R., Nyberg, J., Pasqualato, G., Podolyak, Zs., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Recchia, F., Regueira-Castro, D., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Rojo, J. S., Salsac, M. D., Sanchis, E., Şenyiğit, M., Siciliano, M., Sohler, D., Stezowski, O., Theisen, Ch., Utepov, A., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., Verney, D., and Zielinska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The excited states of unstable $^{20}$O were investigated via $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy following the $^{19}$O$(d,p)^{20}$O reaction at 8 $A$MeV. By exploiting the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method, the lifetime of the 2$^+_2$ and 3$^+_1$ states were firmly established. From the $\gamma$-ray branching and E2/M1 mixing ratios for transitions deexciting the 2$^+_2$ and 3$^+_1$ states, the B(E2) and B(M1) were determined. Various chiral effective field theory Hamiltonians, describing the nuclear properties beyond ground states, along with a standard USDB interaction, were compared with the experimentally obtained data. Such a comparison for a large set of $\gamma$-ray transition probabilities with the valence space in medium similarity renormalization group ab-initio calculations was performed for the first time in a nucleus far from stability. It was shown that the ab-initio approaches using chiral EFT forces are challenged by detailed high-precision spectroscopic properties of nuclei. The reduced transition probabilities were found to be a very constraining test of the performance of the ab-initio models., Comment: Supplemental Material available
Published: 2024
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46. First joint oscillation analysis of Super-Kamiokande atmospheric and T2K accelerator neutrino data

Author: Super-Kamiokande, collaborations, T2K, Abe, S., Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Alarakia-Charles, H., Ali, A., Hakim, Y. I. Alj, Monsalve, S. Alonso, Amanai, S., Andreopoulos, C., Anthony, L. H. V., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Apte, K. A., Arai, T., Arihara, T., Arimoto, S., Asada, Y., Asaka, R., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Babu, N., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Bates, P., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Beauchêne, A., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bhuiyan, N., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bodur, B., Bolognesi, S., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Burton, G. T., Caballero, J. A., Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carabadjac, D., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Casado, M. P., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Chalumeau, A., Chen, S., Cherdack, D., Choi, K., Chong, P. S., Chvirova, A., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cormier, F., Cudd, A., Dalmazzone, C., Daret, T., Dasgupta, P., Davis, C., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Dharmapal, R., Di Lodovico, F., Lopez, G. Diaz, Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Duffy, K. E., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., D'ago, D., Edwards, R., Eguchi, A., Elias, J., Emery-Schrenk, S., Erofeev, G., Ershova, A., Eurin, G., Fannon, J. E. P., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Feltre, M., Feng, J., Feng, L., Ferlewicz, D., Fernandez, P., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M. D., Patiño, J. M. Franco, Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fujisawa, C., Fujita, S., Fukuda, Y., Furui, Y., Gao, J., Gaur, R., Giampaolo, A., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Goldsack, A., Gonin, M., Rosa, J. González, Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Gorshanov, K., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Grassi, M., Griskevich, N. J., Guigue, M., Hadley, D., Haigh, J. T., Han, S., Harada, M., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Heitkamp, I., Henaff, D., Hill, J., Hino, Y., Hiraide, K., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Horiuchi, S., Hosokawa, K., Hu, Z., Hu, J., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Iovine, N., Ishida, T., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ishizuka, T., Ito, H., Itow, Y., Izmaylov, A., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, M. C., Jang, J. S., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Ji, J. Y., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jonsson, P., Joshi, S., Jung, C. K., Jung, S., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Karpova, S., Kasetti, S. P., Kashiwagi, Y., Kasturi, V. S., Kataoka, Y., Katori, T., Kawamura, Y., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kim, S. B., King, S., Kiseeva, V., Kisiel, J., Kneale, L., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Kobayashi, M., Koch, L., Kodama, S., Kolupanova, M., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Koto, T., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kudo, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kurochka, V., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwon, E., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lachat, M., Lachner, K., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., LamersJames, M., Langella, A., Laporte, J. -F., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Learned, J. G., Lee, Y., Lee, S. H., Silverio, D. Leon, Levorato, S., Lewis, S., Li, X., Li, W., Lin, C., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Liu, Y. M., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Moreno, A. Lopez, Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Mahtani, K. K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, D. G. R., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Martini, M., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Mattiazzi, M., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J. M., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Mijakowski, P., Miki, S., Miller, E., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mirabito, J., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moon, D. H., Mori, M., Moriyama, S., Morrison, P., Muñoz, A., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, Y., Nagai, K., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakamura, T., Nakanishi, F., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Nguyen, D. T., Nicholson, M., Niewczas, K., Ninomiya, K., Nishijima, K., Nishimori, S., Nishimura, Y., Noguchi, Y., Nosek, T., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., Odagawa, T., Okazaki, R., Okazawa, H., Okinaga, W., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ommura, Y., Onda, N., Ospina, N., Osu, L., Oyama, Y., O'Flaherty, M., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Périssé, L., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Park, R. G., Parlone, J., Pasternak, J., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., de Perio, P., Pershey, D., Pfaff, M., Pickering, L., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Pointon, B. W., Popov, B., Yrey, A. Portocarrero, Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Prasad, H., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Pupilli, F., Quilain, B., Quyen, P. T., Raaf, J. L., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ramirez, M. A., Ramsden, R. M., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Richards, B., Rogly, R., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Roy, N., Rubbia, A., Russo, L., Rychter, A., Saenz, W., Sakai, S., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Santos, A. D., Sato, Y., Sato, K., Schefke, T., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shi, W., Shiba, H., Shibayama, R., Shigeta, N., Shima, S., Shimamura, R., Shimizu, K., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Shiraishi, Y., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Smyczek, D., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Speers, A. J., Spina, R., Stroke, Y., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Sánchez, F., Tada, T., Tada, M., Tairafune, S., Takagi, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Takhistov, V., Takifuji, K., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. K., Tanigawa, H., Taniuchi, N., Tano, T., Tarrant, A., Tashiro, T., Teklu, A., Terada, K., Tereshchenko, V. V., Thamm, N., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Tomiya, T., Touramanis, C., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Vargas, D., Varghese, M., Vasseur, G., Villa, E., Vinning, W. G. S., Virginet, U., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Wakabayashi, D., Wallace, H. T., Walsh, J. G., Walter, C. W., Wan, L., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Watanabe, E., Weber, A., Wendell, R. A., Wester, T., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, S. T., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Wu, Y., Xia, J., Xie, Z., Xu, B. D., Xu, Y. -H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yamauchi, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yankelevich, A., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, J., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, S., Yoshimoto, Y., Yoshimura, N., Yoshioka, Y., Yu, M., Yu, I., Zaki, R., Zaldivar, B., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhang, J., Zhang, A. Q., Zhang, B., Zhao, X. Y., Zhong, H., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Super-Kamiokande and T2K collaborations present a joint measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters from their atmospheric and beam neutrino data. It uses a common interaction model for events overlapping in neutrino energy and correlated detector systematic uncertainties between the two datasets, which are found to be compatible. Using 3244.4 days of atmospheric data and a beam exposure of $19.7(16.3) \times 10^{20}$ protons on target in (anti)neutrino mode, the analysis finds a 1.9$\sigma$ exclusion of CP-conservation (defined as $J_{CP}=0$) and a preference for the normal mass ordering., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2024

47. Constructing a BPE Tokenization DFA

Author: Berglund, Martin, Martens, Willeke, and van der Merwe, Brink
Subjects: Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Many natural language processing systems operate over tokenizations of text to address the open-vocabulary problem. In this paper, we give and analyze an algorithm for the efficient construction of deterministic finite automata designed to operate directly on tokenizations produced by the popular byte pair encoding technique. This makes it possible to apply many existing techniques and algorithms to the tokenized case, such as pattern matching, equivalence checking of tokenization dictionaries, and composing tokenized languages in various ways.
Published: 2024
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48. Multi-objective Optimization of Cognitive Radio Networks

Author: Alonso, Rodney Martinez, Plets, David, Deruyck, Margot, Martens, Luc, Nieto, Glauco Guillen, and Joseph, Wout
Subjects: Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract: New generation networks, based on Cognitive Radio technology, allow dynamic allocation of the spectrum, alleviating spectrum scarcity. These networks also have a resilient potential for dynamic operation for energy saving. In this paper, we present a novel wireless network optimization algorithm for cognitive radio networks based on a cloud sharing-decision mechanism. Three Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) were optimized: spectrum usage, power consumption, and exposure of human beings. For a realistic suburban scenario in Ghent city, Belgium, we determine the optimality among the KPIs. Compared to a traditional Cognitive Radio network design, our optimization algorithm for the cloud-based architecture reduced the network power consumption by 27.5%, the average global exposure by 34.3%, and spectrum usage by 34.5% at the same time. Even for the worst optimization case, our solution performs better than the traditional architecture by 4.8% in terms of network power consumption, 7.3% in terms of spectrum usage and 4.3% in terms of global exposure.
Published: 2024
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49. TV White Space and LTE Network Optimization towards Energy Efficiency in Suburban and Rural Scenarios

Author: Alonso, Rodney Martinez, Plets, David, Deruyck, Margot, Martens, Luc, and Joseph, Wout
Subjects: Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: The radio spectrum is a limited resource. Demand for wireless communication services is increasing exponentially, stressing the availability of radio spectrum to accommodate new services. TV White Space (TVWS) technologies allow a dynamic usage of the spectrum. These technologies provide wireless connectivity, in the channels of the Very High Frequency (VHF) and Ultra High Frequency (UHF) television broadcasting bands. In this paper, we investigate and compare the coverage range, network capacity, and network energy efficiency for TVWS technologies and LTE. We consider Ghent, Belgium and Boyeros, Havana, Cuba to evaluate a realistic outdoor suburban and rural area, respectively. The comparison shows that TVWS networks have an energy efficiency 9-12 times higher than LTE networks.
Published: 2024
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50. Datafication and Algorithmization of Education: How Do Parents and Students Evaluate the Appropriateness of Learning Analytics?

Author: Marijn Martens, Ralf De Wolf, and Lieven De Marez
Abstract: Algorithmic systems such as Learning Analytics (LA) are driving the datafication and algorithmization of education. In this research, we focus on the appropriateness of LA systems from the perspective of parents and students in secondary education. Anchored in the contextual integrity framework (Nissenbaum, "Washington Law Review, 79," 41, 2004), we conducted two survey studies (N[subscript students]=277, N[subscript parents]=1013) in Flanders to investigate how they evaluate the appropriateness of the data flows in LA systems, and how both populations differ in their evaluations. The results show that the most-used student-centered LA are perceived less appropriate than the less-used teacher-centered LA by both students and parents. The usage of personal characteristics in LA is perceived as least appropriate, in contrast to coarser class characteristics. Sharing insights of LA with institutions that are part of the traditional educational context, such as the school, is seen as the most appropriate, and more appropriate than sharing it with learning platforms or third parties (e.g., Big Tech). Overall, we found that parents evaluated the different elements of the dataflows embedded in LA as less appropriate than students. In the discussion, we argue that educational institutions should include the evaluation of both parents and students to further manage expectations and construct shared norms and practices when implementing LA in education.informa
Published: 2024
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