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This research proposes that Foucault’s concepts of power/knowledge and genealogy constitute a significant turning point, not only in philosophical and historical terms but also in the research framework of the sociology of knowledge. The first level of Foucault’s contribution to the sociology of knowledge is widely recognized through the concept of discourse and its dimensions of materiality, power and knowledge. The second level is the analytical grid of power/knowledge itself, which focuses on the relays established between them. The third level, which we consider a crucial area open to further interpretation, is the concept of the history of the present. Although Foucault’s contribution has already been acknowledged in contemporary sociological research of knowledge, our objective is to expand on this recognition by highlighting the significance of genealogy’s dimensions to existing approaches, namely the historical sociology of knowledge and sociology of knowledge approach to discourse.

Alternaria mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites for which the regulations, as well as the standardization, are yet going to be established by the European Commission and the European Committee for Standardization. This paper describes the possibility to apply a "dilute-and-shoot" method for the determination of tentoxin, alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in wheat. The used chromatographic method was liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The strategy involves extraction the samples with the acetonitrile and water mixture (84/16, v/v), followed by the vortexing, centrifugation and filtration before the injection into the LC-MS/MS system. The recovery was assessed by analysis of spiked samples with a mixture of standard solutions of all three mycotoxins at two spiking levels (0.02 and 0.1 mg kg-1) in six replicates. The obtained average recoveries and precisions (expressed as the RSDr, %) for "dilute-and-shoot" method were 76.3% (RSDr of 6.47%) for alternariol, 105.2% (RSDr of 2.16%) for tentoxin, and 86.0% (RSDr of 3.91%) for alternariol monomethyl ether. All the obtained validation data were in accordance with the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 401/2006. The main advantages of the present method are the simple and easy sample preparation, along with the high-sensitivity detection.

The performance of the QuEChERS extraction followed by the LC-MS/ MS analytical method was evaluated in terms of Alternaria mycotoxins recovery from the wheat. The alternariol (AOH), tentoxin (TEN) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) were analyzed using the ESI+ (electrospray positive ionization) by multiple reactions mon­itoring mode (MRM). In order to determine the recovery, the blank wheat samples were spiked at two spiking levels (0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg) in six replicates. The obtained average recoveries and precisions (expressed as the RSDr, %) were as follows: 107.6% (RSDr of 6.84%) for alternariol, 108.0% (RSDr of 6.78%) for tentoxin and 110.1% (RSDr of 6.50%) for alternariol monomethyl ether. The results of this study were in accordance with the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 401/2006.

The interest in tropane alkaloids as food contaminants has been increasing. The tropane alkaloids are plant toxins that mainly occur in Atropa, Datura and Hyoscyamus sp belonging to the Solanaceae family. A sensitive and selective LC-MS/MS method was applied for the analysis of atropine and scopolamine in the mint tea samples from the Serbian market. Tea, which has beneficial properties thanks to the phenolic compounds, can be accidentally contaminated by many weed seeds which contain the tropane alkaloids during the harvest. Only the tropane alkaloids present in the tea bags before the tea making were analysed. Atropine and scopolamine were detected in 30% of the analysed samples in the concentration above the limit of quantification.

The interest in tropane alkaloids (TA) as food contaminants is increasing. A sensitive and selective LC-MS/MS method was applied for the analysis of corn puff samples from the Serbian market. Only atropine was quantified in 22% of the samples. In case of scopolamine, although not quantified, it was detected in 22% of the samples. Whether the acute reference dose (ARfD) could be exceeded was checked on a case-by-case basis for the individual products under assessment. Due to their low body weight and relatively high snack consumption, preschool children were at the highest risk of TA exposure. Assuming that the average consumption is 50 g of corn puffs per day, the sample with the highest concentration of TAs (2.05 μg/kg, 1.58 μg/kg of atropine) could contribute with 32.0% to the ARfD, of which 24.7% owing to atropine. If the same amount of corn puffs is consumed by older age classes, corresponding exposure contributions to the ARfD would progressively decline, down to 8.4% for adult population. The study revealed no health risk from TAs exposure through the consumption of the corn puffs in Serbian population.

In this paper author enquire sociology of Peter L. Berger through the concept of „epistemological modesty“. It is considered that Peter L. Berger is one of the few sociologists who, in his „epistemological modesty“, was willing to give up some of the strategically important hypotheses on which modern sociology has been built for decades. In this sense, „epistemological modesty“ has served as a struggle against sociological orthodoxy of various kinds. Also he never belonged to the main streams of American sociology, and to the university establishment in particular. He rather belonged to marginal lines of European „immigrant“ sociology, but Berger and his co-authors were children of their time. This paper also emphasizes those fundamental hypotheses which Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann never gave up, and these hypotheses are found in The Social Construction of Reality.

This paper deals with the analysis of mental health as kind of social capital, which, as a resource, has its own social and economic value. The paper discusses the most important contributions to the research into mental health from a sociological perspective with the aim of arguing that this topic is highly relevant for sociology. The authors particularly focus on reconsidering the policy related to mental health that has been developed in the field of biopolitics of the new biological order and profiled as "psychopolitics", without which the modern concept of mental health care cannot be understood. Relevant data on the global epidemic situation are discussed in the paper and it is argued that mental disorders are not restricted to limited groups of predisposed individuals, but that it rather represents the main problem of public health with profound consequences for the whole society.

Bisphenol A is a monomer used primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate plastic is used in a wide variety of digital media products, electrical and electronic equipment, sport safety equipment, reusable food and drink containers, etc. Epoxy resins are used in engineering applications, paints and adhesives and also in a variety of protective coatings in metal cans for foods, bottle tops and water supply pipes. The content of BPA was evaluated in 16 samples (6 baby bottles and 10 drinking containers - can) collected during 2018/2019, of which three baby bottles and 8 cans were collected in 2018, while three baby bottles and 2 cans in 2019. A simple HPLC-FLD analytical method was validated for the quantitation of BPA from baby feeding bottles and cans. The separation was performed on a C18 column. Good linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.3-6.0 μg/mL with the regression coefficient (R2) of 0.9998. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.01 and 0.03 μg/mL, respectively. The repeatability of the method (%RSD) was between 4 and 6%, while the recovery ranged from 104.3 to 109.7%. The extraction of BPA was done in accordance with SRPS EN 13130-1:2008. The methods were applied to determine BPA release from baby bottles, performing repeated procedures according to EU and national regulations (SRPS CEN/TS 13130-13 (2008)). The conformity was evaluated according to National and EU requirements. The results show that Bisphenol-A was not detectable in any of the analysed samples. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR31038]

During 2018 a total of 42 sour cherry samples were collected and analysed for pesticide residues by LCMS/MS with the carbofuran–D3 and acetamiprid-D3 as internal standards. The study showed that 42.86% of the analysed samples contained pesticide residues. In percentage terms, it seems to be high, but most of the detections were below the recommended MRL values, which is encouraging. The analysis indicated that three of the analysed sour cherry samples (7.14%) contained pesticide residues above the MRLs (propiconazole, methomyl, dimethoate and prochloraz). In spite of the low concentrations, ten samples contained multiple detections, i.e. 55.56% of the analysed samples contained more than one pesticide residue.

In this paper we research the meaning and significance of the concept of police in the works of Michel Foucault. We assume that this concept, whose emergence in Foucault's genealogy is placed within the eighteenth century is different from the modern concept of police from nineteenth and twentieth century. Our hypothesis is that early concept of police was not a consequence of the single dispositive of power and the result of the sovereign type of power. We understand the Foucault's concept of police in the context of the birth of governmentality and historical appearance of the diagram of security, where dispositive of space is crucial. Foucault's police as the regulative practice of distribution of situational forces in society was a spatially regionalized and segmented, regulatory social mechanism. It occurs together with the processes of politicization of life, along with the emergence of biopolitical technologies. In this sense, police as the phenomenon of XVIII century, should be understood as the emergence of the new type of governmentality and regulation that will signify the important modulation in the disciplinary diagram and the appearance of the new type of reality - society.

The paper deals with the screening analyses of apple samples with the suspicion of having been treated beyond regular protection. The extraction of pesticides was carried out by the QuEChERS method. By GC-MSD and based on DRS analyses the presence of phosalone (tR=29.73 min) and dimethoate (tR=12.78 min) was detected. According to the National Regulation MRL value for the dimethoate in apples is 0.02 mg/kg and 0.01 mg/kg for phosalone. From the above facts it can be concluded that the dimethoate value was five times higher than allowed while that of phosalone was even ten times more.

The rational decentralization represents a group of legal, political and sociological elements that usually appear in constitutional praxis and political theory, but are not classified in a special category. Having in mind the historical and constitutional experience of the Republic of Serbia, the intention of the authors is to determine the possible elements that would bring the decentralization to the rational and functional level of action. One of the goals of the paper is to show the faults of the incomplete decentralization and to discuss the certain solutions that have been creating deficit in the state structure, dysfunctional disorders in competency and political consequences in the Republic of Serbia, all because of the unequalized and unfinished vertical organization. In the introductory part of the paper the short review of the problem is given. The part is dedicated to the various theoretical views on decentralization, as well as to the chosen examples of decentralization in some European states that has as their goal the protection of national minorities and ethnic communities. After that, some theoretical indecision about decentralization is analyzed, as well as the classifications of regions that could be found in theory. At the end of the paper there is a discussion about an attempt to define as many elements that a constitution (above all the constitution of the Republic of Serbia) should contain in order to establish the rationalized decentralization in its vertical organization of governance.

This paper is an analysis of the different definitions of the space that have caused the revitalization of interest for this issue in the social sciences. Our assumption is that in the social sciences of the second half of the twentieth century, space lost the status of privileged epistemology of 'old' geography, architecture and urbanism. As one important reason for the theoretical and epistemological regionalization of space in the social sciences, we emphasize the existence of different sources for these investigations: from the 'discovery' of space in Vico, Montaigne and Montesquieu, to neo-Marxism of Henri Lefebvre, critical geography of David Harvey and poststructuralist discourses on space. Although the work of the authors (Lefebvre, Foucault, Harvey) that we present in this paper belong to different traditions of research, their analyzes of space are connected with one key, multivalent term - human, social practices. Hence we emphasize the Foucault's geo-epistemology and his turn toward space which was, despite the various influences that have shaped it, authentical, different and previously unknown synthesis of historicity/ genealogy, practices, power and space. In conclusion, we point out that theoretical turn towards space of mentioned researchers and especially Foucault's, contributed to the fact that in social sciences space is no longer a comprehensive, stable, clearly parceled entity with solid boundaries, independent of human practices and power. We conclude that the spatial turn in the social sciences should be understood as related to the turn to social practices. The space today is not the background scenery for anthropological dramaturgy of universality and ahistorical social phenomena or the permanently set stage for dynamic that European temporal narrative will fulfill to 'colonize' the geography with history.

In this paper the authors analyze the neoliberalism through its spatial strategies in daily life. We assume that, despite the fact that it is impossible to find a consistent theoretical determination of neoliberalism and that there is no unique strategy of the application of neoliberal practices, hegemonic discourse of neoliberalism is articulated through the urban practices which in daily life are imposed as something „natural“, as a „normalizing“ discourse - as hegemonic common sense. Furthermore, the authors provide evidence for the hypothesis that global presence of gentrification as a key spatial strategy of neoliberalism is a strategy for the renewal of the urban geography of class power as well as the presupposition for future class conflicts. Neoliberalism signifies radicalization of theoretical assumptions of classical liberalism and reproduction of them in everyday life, through the strategies and practices of established social relations. In conclusion, it is stated that this self-reproduction of neoliberalism has simultaneously influenced the erosion of class subjectiveness as well as other forms of traditional collective subjectivenesses and contributed to the possibility of the formation of new subjectivities of resistance.

In this particular instance, our inquisitiveness about the geoculture of identity is spurred by the fact that the major part of social reality that we are experiencing is highlighted by a sense of inevitability of globalization processes. Very few people, regardless of whether they belong to the layman or to the scientific community, can avoid a collision with the fact that the present-day world is covered in a veil of belief that everything what is going on is highlighted by globalization processes. Such an interpretation of reality is not only encouraged by a multitude of bibliographic units which jam the scientific and layman epistolary space, but people are actually led to believe that these days there is no life outside the globalization process. In real life, however, nothing could be further from the truth. What we are attempting to determine and what we claim in this particular paper is related to the following theses: (a) cities are the most representative examples of the quantity and quality of social changes, (b) cities represent the most solid foundation of resistance to rapid changes, (c) cities in our region are the most telling indicators of them playing exactly the aforesaid roles in the aforementioned processes, (d) collective identity values, which are necessary for sustainable development, are built exactly within the urban substance of society, and (e) it is necessary to make a sociological identification of cultural and genetic peculiarities of a society in order not to create an area of misunderstanding between „our” values and „their” values.

This paper is theoretically and methodologically limited to one narrow aspect of the First World War - to the role of the women's foreign missions. The case of Serbia in this context is of particular importance not just in terms of the weight, dramatic and tragic consequences of the Great war, but because the international engagement of women in foreign missions served as a latent social mechanism - the transfer of medicalized political and social technologies and practices that at the time did not existed. In this paper we analyze the conditions and causes of the changes in social roles of women that were related to their activism, professionalism, mobilization and engagement in medical and humanitarian missions during the Great War. This historical event was also the turning point in regard to the social participation of women as well as the milestone for the changes in the culture of gender relations. The Second front as the front of missionary struggle with epidemics, contagious diseases, the sick, the wounded, poverty, hunger, refugees and orphans took more than a third of total war victims in Serbia. We conclude that social events on this front, especially with the help of the medical campaign, represented the transfer of medicalized technologies of control, medication and prevention over the population. Those were the strategic needs of Serbia at the time but also the foundations of the new biopolitics.

The topic of this paper is the research of the relations among knowledge, identity and space. The links among these notions have been established due to a genealogical approach, which shrinks the field of analysis and opens a question of the origin of these links, and due to a genealogical approach as an analytics of knowledge and discourse shaped by space, an analytics that starts from the claim that space(s) is created due to knowledge, power and dicourses. Our theoretical approach in this paper is based on the so-called spatial turn in social sciences, or the approaches of Henri Lefebvre, Michel Foucault and David Harvey. Although their analyses are quite different, all of them pointed out the significance of social practices and power in the analysis of space. We cannot consider space as 'background scenery' of social processes anymore, since the social practices are always spatial. Geo-epistemological analysis of the relation between knowledge and identity have been 'localized' to European space, which owes its speciality to different archeological layers for institutions, where practices and discourses that took part in formation of European knowledge/identity were put. The authors conclude that Europe formed the image of itself through knowledge and history, and that exactly this 'locality' of practices of this space enabled the appearance of the specific relations of knowledge/power/space - an universal knowledge that, since the Classicism, would be recognized as European knowledge/identity.

In this paper, the authors attempt to elucidate the historical and social conditions in which ideology emerged as a discourse that has participated in the process of deritualization of public communication. Relying on the traditional strongholds of the topic, on Habermas, Foucault and Gouldner, in this paper ideology is not understood in the traditional and dominant Marxist sense of the term as false consciousness or pathological speech. Authors start from the hypothesis that ideology is rational discourse but with limited reflexivity who along with science, technology and politics participated in the process of rationalization of the West and especially in the constitution of the public sphere of civil society. Also, the authors presume that ideology as a form of thought about the modern epoch and possibilities of rational reconstruction of the social world has failed to obtain autonomous field. That is one of the main reason why ideology not provide a clearer identity, nor as clear topical and relevant field of social sciences, with a clearer disciplinary identity. More in the form of a scattered and a diverse speech, ideology is regarded as a new grammar of thought that tends to deritualized old order of speech. However, the pursuit of deritualization of communication went deeper. It gripped the old sociability in the form of community, an ancient order of symbols and the old matrix of producing the social knowledge. It was very important reason for creating realm of public communication that provided the location for reproduction of ideological speech about the historical authenticity of the civil society and its rationality.

The author deals with the relationships among ideology, the public and 'third place', or coffeehouses in the broadest sense. While the 'first place' devoted to secrecy or semi secrecy of family life, 'second place' devoted controlled productivity in the sphere of work, 'third places' are spaces on the margins of political and media publics and concealed bourgeois family life. The author stresses that there are very strong historical and social ties in the simultaneous genesis of public opinion and civil liberties, ideology (as a Weltanschauung of the social world that can be altered by human intervention and social and political mobilization), critical public of the private citizens, free individuals (who publicly reasoning) and 'third places' as some of the key factors in the onset of generative modern civil society. It emphasizes a strong fit among communication revolution, print media and the role of 'third places' in the development of ideology and critical public. It is noticed that the age of ideology is broader concept than the public - the public opinion, and that it is 18th and 19th century spreading an ideology that is specifically associated with the communication revolution - the emergence and spreading of printing, printing technology, print media and the rapid production of printed materials. As well as the classical authors (Gouldner, Sennett, Habermas and Coser) here discusses the historical, social, cultural and political forces of the modern era, which are summarized in a cluster of conditions that generate a new order of meanings of the social world, and when it was not possible to bypass the 'third places' in which the discourse of a new type of public was shaped in critical thinking of free, equal and private individuals on artificial and changeable nature of social reality. So, 'third place', it was not just a place separate from your family and family privacy, or labor and production requirements, where they temporarily suspended family and confidentiality business productivity and loyalty. That is, what is perhaps the most important to sociology, the place was temporary, but the voluntary suspension of different social status, and thus it was a voluntary and temporary suspension of formal and hierarchical forms of power presented in government positions. The only present power in 'third places' was the power of critical discourse.

In this article certain problems concerning bindness of citizens to their local and regional milieu, as well as for wider territorial wholeness to which Province of Vojvodina belongs geographically and politically are discussed. The article is based on the analysis of the empirical data collected in autumn 2002 by questioning 1200 inhabitants of Vojvodina and they are compared with other similar surveys, especially with earlier one which same authors carried out in autumn 2000. The results indicates increasing of identification with the province of Vojvodina and Republic of Serbia, but decreasing of the earlier importance of the local adherence. In comparison with the research carried out in 2000, the Vojvodinians are mostly estranged from the State Community of Serbia and Montenegro (former FR Yugoslavia). In the same time, the questioned citizens shows outstanding ambivalence in orientations to the Europe.