Search

Your search keyword '"Marie Kempf"' showing total 155 results
Start Over Author "Marie Kempf"
155 results on '"Marie Kempf"'

1. Ceftazidime-avibactam and comparators against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected globally and in each geographical region between 2017–2020

Author

Pattarachai Kiratisin, Marie Kempf, Gregory Stone, and Eric Utt

Subjects
Ceftazidime-avibactam, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ATLAS, Surveillance, Antimicrobial susceptibility, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

ABSTRACT: Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates against ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and a panel of comparator agents collected globally and in each region from 2017–2020 from the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance program. Methods: Susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration of all P. aeruginosa isolates were determined using broth microdilution methodology according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: Of the total 29746 isolates of P. aeruginosa collected, 20.9% were multidrug resistant (MDR), 20.7% were extremely drug resistant (XDR), 8.4% were CAZ-AVI-resistant (CAZ-AVI-R), and 3.0% were MBL-positive. Amongst the MBL-positive isolates, the proportion of VIM-positive isolates was highest (77.8%). The highest proportion of MDR (25.5%), XDR (25.0%), MBL-positive (5.7%), and CAZ-AVI-R (12.3%) isolates were in Latin America. Amongst the sources, the highest proportion of isolates were from respiratory sources (43.0%), and the majority of isolates were from non-intensive care unit wards (71.2%). Overall, all P. aeruginosa isolates (90.9%) showed high susceptibility to CAZ-AVI. However, MDR and XDR isolates were less susceptible to CAZ-AVI (≤60.7). The only comparators to which all isolates of P. aeruginosa showed good overall susceptibility were colistin (99.1%) and amikacin (90.5%). However, only colistin was active (≥98.3%) against all the resistant isolates. Conclusion: CAZ-AVI presents a potential treatment option against P. aeruginosa infections. However, active monitoring and surveillance, especially of the resistant phenotypes, is warranted for effective treatment of infections caused by P. aeruginosa.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Ceftazidime-avibactam activity against Gram-negative respiratory isolates collected between 2018 and 2019

Author

Marie Kempf, Francis F. Arhin, Gregory Stone, and Eric Utt

Subjects
Ceftazidime-avibactam, Gram-negative bacteria, Respiratory infections, ATLAS, Surveillance, Antimicrobial susceptibility, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

ABSTRACT: Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro activity of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and a panel of comparator agents against isolates of Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected in 2018 and 2019 by different centres worldwide from patients with respiratory tract infections. Methods: Susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all organisms were determined using broth microdilution methodology for CAZ-AVI, and a panel of comparator antimicrobial agents by a central reference laboratory according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines. Results: CAZ-AVI demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against isolates of Enterobacter spp. (97.6% susceptibility, MIC90, 1 µg/ml), E. coli (98.5% susceptibility, MIC90, 0.25 µg/ml), K. pneumoniae (94.7% susceptibility, MIC90 2 µg/ml), and P. aeruginosa (91.2% susceptibility, MIC90 8 µg/ml). CAZ-AVI was also active (susceptibility >85%) against MDR isolates for all organisms except P. aeruginosa. Only a small proportion (20%). Susceptibility to CAZ-AVI was high (>70%) among XDR isolates of Enterobacter spp., K. pneumoniae, and E. coli, compared to P. aeruginosa (85%). Conclusion: Gram-negative respiratory isolates collected in 2018–2019 showed high susceptibility to CAZ-AVI; CAZ-AVI represents a potential treatment option against infection caused by these organisms.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Quantifying Population Burden and Effectiveness of Decentralized Surveillance Strategies for Skin-Presenting Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liberia

Author

Joseph W.S. Timothy, Emerson Rogers, Katherine E. Halliday, Tarnue Mulbah, Michael Marks, Zeela Zaizay, Romeo Giddings, Marie Kempf, Estelle Marion, Stephen L. Walker, Karsor K. Kollie, and Rachel L. Pullan

Subjects
neglected tropical diseases, NTDs, skin NTD, population burden, skin, effectiveness, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We evaluated programmatic approaches for skin neglected tropical disease (NTD) surveillance and completed a robust estimation of the burden of skin NTDs endemic to West Africa (Buruli ulcer, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis morbidity, and yaws). In Maryland, Liberia, exhaustive case finding by community health workers of 56,285 persons across 92 clusters identified 3,241 suspected cases. A total of 236 skin NTDs (34.0 [95% CI 29.1–38.9]/10,000 persons) were confirmed by midlevel healthcare workers trained using a tailored program. Cases showed a focal and spatially heterogeneous distribution. This community health worker‒led approach showed a higher skin NTD burden than prevailing surveillance mechanisms, but also showed high (95.1%) and equitable population coverage. Specialized training and task-shifting of diagnoses to midlevel health workers led to reliable identification of skin NTDs, but reliability of individual diagnoses varied. This multifaceted evaluation of skin NTD surveillance strategies quantifies benefits and limitations of key approaches promoted by the 2030 NTD roadmap of the World Health Organization.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Importance of consultations using mobile teams in the screening and treatment of neglected tropical skin diseases in Benin.

Author

Ronald Sètondji Gnimavo, Faraj Fajloun, Charbel Al-Bayssari, Espoir Sodjinou, Akimath Habib, Line Ganlonon, Eric Claco, Irvine Agoundoté, Odile Adjouavi Houngbo, Esaï Gimatal Anagonou, Chabi Alphonse Olaniran Biaou, Adjimon Gilbert Ayélo, Jean Gabin Houezo, Alexandra Boccarossa, Elie Hajj Moussa, Béatriz Gomez, Anna Gine, Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh, Estelle Marion, Roch Christian Johnson, and Marie Kempf

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

ContextSince 2013, the World Health Organization has recommended integrated control strategies for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with skin manifestations. We evaluated the implementation of an integrated approach to the early detection and rapid treatment of skin NTDs based on mobile clinics in the Ouémé and Plateau areas of Benin.MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in Ouémé and Plateau in Benin from 2018 to 2020. Consultations using mobile teams were performed at various sites selected by reasoned choice based on the epidemiological data of the National Program for the Control of Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer. All individuals presenting with a dermatological lesion who voluntarily approached the multidisciplinary management team on the day of consultation were included. The information collected was kept strictly anonymous and was entered into an Excel 2013 spreadsheet and analyzed with Stata 11 software.ResultsIn total, 5,267 patients with various skin conditions consulted the medical team. The median age of these patients was 14 years (IQR: 7-34 years). We saw 646 (12.3%) patients presenting NTDs with skin manifestations, principally scabies, in 88.4% (571/646), followed by 37 cases of Buruli ulcer (5.8%), 22 cases of leprosy (3.4%), 15 cases of lymphatic filariasis (2.3%) and one case of mycetoma (0.2%). We detected no cases of yaws.ConclusionThis sustainable approach could help to decrease the burden of skin NTDs in resource-limited countries.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Cerebral epidural empyema due to Bartonella henselae: a case report

Author

Stéphanie Matta, Audrey Rousseau, Rachel Chenouard, Carole Lemarié, Matthieu Eveillard, Marie Kempf, Rafaël Mahieu, and Hélène Pailhoriès

Subjects
Bartonella henselae, Cerebral epidural empyema, 16S rDNA gene sequencing, Cat Scratch Disease, Case report, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Cat scratch disease frequently involves a benign, self-limited disease. Neurological forms associated with Bartonella henselae are uncommon, consisting mostly in neuroretinitis, encephalitis and meningitis. Cerebral epidural empyema has never described. Case presentation An adult patient was hospitalized for isolated headaches. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) identified typical features of cerebral epidural empyema. The diagnosis of B. henselae was performed incidentally by 16S rDNA gene sequencing on the abscess fluid, and confirmed by specific qPCR. We report here the first case, to our knowledge, of cerebral epidural empyema associated with B. henselae. Further follow-up visits allowed identifying frequent cat scratches on the scalp as the presumptive source of infection. Conclusions This case report alerts about such atypical clinical presentation, which requires an extensive clinical investigation. It also emphasizes on the usefulness of additional molecular diagnosis techniques in such CNS infection cases.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Mycobacterium bovis at the Human-Animal-Ecosystem Interface in France: 'A One Health Approach'

Author

Anaïs Appegren, Maria Laura Boschiroli, Krystel De Cruz, Lorraine Michelet, Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Marie Kempf, Philippe Lanotte, Pascale Bemer, Olivia Peuchant, Martine Pestel-Caron, Soumaya Skalli, Lucien Brasme, Christian Martin, Cecilia Enault, Anne Carricajo, Hélène Guet-Revillet, Michaël Ponsoda, Véronique Jacomo, Anne Bourgoin, Sabine Trombert-Paolantoni, Christian Carrière, Chloé Dupont, Guilhem Conquet, Lokman Galal, Anne-Laure Banuls, and Sylvain Godreuil

Subjects
bovine tuberculosis, population genetics, zoonosis, One Health, France, Medicine
Abstract

Mycobacterium bovis infects cattle and wildlife, and also causes a small proportion of tuberculosis cases in humans. In most European countries, M. bovis infections in cattle have been drastically reduced, but not eradicated. Here, to determine the M. bovis circulation within and between the human, cattle, and wildlife compartments, we characterized by spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing the genetic diversity of M. bovis isolates collected from humans, cattle, and wildlife in France from 2000 to 2010. We also assessed their genetic structure within and among the different host groups, and across time and space. The M. bovis genetic structure and its spatiotemporal variations showed different dynamics in the human and animal compartments. Most genotypes detected in human isolates were absent in cattle and wildlife isolates, possibly because in patients, M. bovis infection was contracted abroad or was the reactivation of an old lesion. Therefore, they did not match the genetic pool present in France during the study period. However, some human-cattle exchanges occurred because some genotypes were common to both compartments. This study provides new elements for understanding M. bovis epidemiology in France, and calls for increased efforts to control this pathogen worldwide.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Performance of penicillinase detection tests in Staphylococcus epidermidis: comparison of different phenotypic methods

Author

Benjamin Aubry, Carole Lemarié, Rachel Chenouard, Marie Kempf, Matthieu Eveillard, and Hélène Pailhoriès

Subjects
Penicillinase detection, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Disk diffusion method, Zone edge test, Nitrocefin test, MIC, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Abstract Background Staphylococcus epidermidis is the leading coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) species associated with healthcare associated infections. In order to de-escalate antimicrobial therapy, isolates of S. epidermidis lacking the blaZ gene should be eligible for targeted antimicrobial therapy. However, testing the susceptibility of coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) to penicillin G is no longer recommended by EUCAST, given the low performances for penicillinase detection in CoNS. The objective of this work was to determine a phenotypic method with high performance for detecting penicillinase production in S. epidermidis. Results Four techniques for the detection of penicillinase production (disk diffusion, zone edge test, nitrocefin test, Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by automated system Vitek2®) were evaluated on 182 S. epidermidis isolates, using identification of blaZ gene by PCR as the reference method. The performance of the methods for penicillinase detection was compared by the sensitivity, the specificity, the negative predictive value and the positive predictive value, and with Cohen’s kappa statistical test. Among the 182 S. epidermidis included in this study, 55 carried the blaZ gene. The nitrocefin test, characterized by a poor sensitivity (91%), was therefore excluded from S. epidermidis penicillinase detection. The algorithm proposed here for the penicillinase detection in S. epidermidis involved two common antimicrobial susceptibility techniques: disk diffusion method and MIC by Vitek2® system. Disk diffusion method, interpreted with a 26 mm breakpoint for penicillin G, was associated with a high sensitivity (98%) and specificity (100%). This method was completed with zone edge test for S. epidermidis with penicillin G diameter from 26 to 35 mm (sensitivity of 98%). The Vitek2® system is associated with a low sensitivity (93%) and a high specificity (99%) This low sensitivity is associated with false negative results, in isolates with 0.12 mg/L Penicillin G MIC values and blaZ positive. Thus for penicillin G MIC of 0.06 mg/L or 0.12 mg/L, a second step with disc diffusion method is suggested. Conclusions According to our results, the strategy proposed here allows the interpretation of penicillin G susceptibility in S. epidermidis isolates, with an efficient detection of penicillin G resistance.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Stable and Local Reservoirs of Mycobacterium ulcerans Inferred from the Nonrandom Distribution of Bacterial Genotypes, Benin

Author

Clément Coudereau, Alban Besnard, Marie Robbe-Saule, Céline Bris, Marie Kempf, Roch Christian Johnson, Télésphore Yao Brou, Ronald Gnimavo, Sara Eyangoh, Fida Khater, and Estelle Marion

Subjects
Mycobacterium ulcerans, Buruli ulcer, genetic diversity, mutational profiling, genomic analysis, geospatial model, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Mycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of Buruli ulcer, a neglected tropical disease found in rural areas of West and Central Africa. Despite the ongoing efforts to tackle Buruli ulcer epidemics, the environmental reservoir of its pathogen remains elusive, underscoring the need for new approaches to improving disease prevention and management. In our study, we implemented a local-scale spatial clustering model and deciphered the genetic diversity of the bacteria in a small area of Benin where Buruli ulcer is endemic. Using 179 strain samples from West Africa, we conducted a phylogeographic analysis combining whole-genome sequencing with spatial scan statistics. The 8 distinct genotypes we identified were by no means randomly spread over the studied area. Instead, they were divided into 3 different geographic clusters, associated with landscape characteristics. Our results highlight the ability of M. ulcerans to evolve independently and differentially depending on location in a specific ecologic reservoir.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Commiphora wildii Merxm. Essential Oil: Natural Heptane Source and Co-Product Valorization

Author

Djallel Mansouri, Anne Landreau, Thomas Michel, Clément De Saint Jores, Bienvenue Razafimandimby, Marie Kempf, Stéphane Azoulay, Nicolas Papaiconomou, and Xavier Fernandez

Subjects
Commiphora wildii, essential oil, heptane, co-product valorization, C. glabrata, C. albicans, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

As an alternative to fossil volatile hydrocarbon solvents used nowadays in perfumery, investigation on essential oil of Commiphora wildii Merxm. oleo gum resin as a source of heptane is reported here. Heptane, representing up to 30 wt-% of this oleo gum resin, was successfully isolated from the C. wildii essential oil, using an innovative double distillation process. Isolated heptane was then used as a solvent in order to extract some noble plants of perfumery. It was found that extracts obtained with this solvent were more promising in terms of sensory analysis than those obtained from fossil-based heptane. In addition, in order to valorize the essential oil depleted from heptane, chemical composition of this oil was found to obtain, and potential biological activity properties were studied. A total of 172 different compounds were identified by GC-MS in the remaining oil. In vitro tests—including hyaluronidase, tyrosinase, antioxidant, elastase and lipoxygenase, as well as inhibitory tests against two yeasts and 21 bacterial strains commonly found on the skin—were carried out. Overall, bioassays results suggest this heptane-depleted essential oil is a promising active ingredient for cosmetic applications.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Molecular and epidemiological characterization of recurrent Mycobacterium ulcerans infections in Benin.

Author

Ronald Gnimavo, Alban Besnard, Horace Degnonvi, Juliana Pipoli Da Fonseca, Marie Kempf, Christian Roch Johnson, Alexandra Boccarossa, Yao Télesphore Brou, Laurent Marsollier, and Estelle Marion

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundBuruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, an environmental mycobacterium. Although transmission of M. ulcerans remains poorly understood, the main identified risk factor for acquiring Buruli ulcer is living in proximity of potentially contaminated water sources. Knowledge about the clinical features of Buruli ulcer and its physiopathology is increasing, but little is known about recurrence due to reinfection.Methodology/principal findingsWe describe two patients with Buruli ulcer recurrence due to reinfection with M. ulcerans, as demonstrated by comparisons of DNA from the strains isolated at the time of the first diagnosis and at recurrence. Based on the spatial distribution of M. ulcerans genotypes in this region and a detailed study of the behavior of these two patients with respect to sources of water as well as water bodies and streams, we formulated hypotheses concerning the sites at which they may have been contaminated.Conclusions/significanceSecond episodes of Buruli ulcer may occur through reinfection, relapse or a paradoxical reaction. We formally demonstrated that the recurrence in these two patients was due to reinfection. Based on the sites at which the patients reported engaging in activities relating to water, we were able to identify possible sites of contamination. Our findings indicate that the non-random distribution of M. ulcerans genotypes in this region may provide useful information about activities at risk.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Senegal, a new potential endemic country for Buruli ulcer?

Author

Lucie Dupechez, Priscille Carvalho, Vivien Hebert, Laurent Marsollier, Matthieu Eveillard, Estelle Marion, and Marie Kempf

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Mycobacterium ulcerans is the causal agent of Buruli ulcer, a neglected tropical disease with cutaneous tropism. We report a case of Buruli ulcer in a patient who travelled in Senegal, a country not identified by the World Health Organization as being endemic for this disease. This case is the third case of Buruli ulcer reported as having been contracted in Senegal, showing the urgent need to develop data collection in this country by having an active community-based surveillance–response system. Keywords: Mycobacterium ulcerans infection, Buruli ulcer, West Africa, Senegal, PCR, IS2404 gene, Ketoreductase B domain gene

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. A rare case of Prosthetic Joint Infection associated with Coxiella burnetii

Author

Rachel Chenouard, Emmanuel Hoppé, Carole Lemarié, Abdelhafid Talha, Florian Ducellier, François Ferchaud, Marie Kempf, Sophie Edouard, Pierre Abgueguen, Valérie Rabier, and Hélène Pailhoriès

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We report here the case of a Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) associated with Coxiella burnetii in a 62-year-old man with a revised total hip arthroplasty. The diagnosis was performed first by 16S rDNA sequencing on hip fluid aspirate, and confirmed by specific qPCR. Q fever has been reported in few cases of Prosthetic Joint Infections, often associated with chronic evolution and iterative surgeries. This case report alerts about such an unexpected diagnosis in a patient with no known risk factors. Keywords: Prosthetic Joint Infection, Coxiella burnetii, PCR, 16s rDNA sequencing, Persistent infection

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. A case of Ureaplasma parvum meningitis in an adult after transphenoidal ablation of craniopharyngioma

Author

Hélène Pailhoriès, Rachel Chenouard, Matthieu Eveillard, Marie Kempf, Sabine Pereyre, Cécile Bébéar, and Carole Lemarié

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We report the case of a Ureaplasma parvum meningitis in an immunocompetent patient, 17 days after surgical ablation of a craniopharyngioma. Presence of U. parvum in the cerebrospinal fluid was assessed by 16S rDNA sequencing and U. parvum specific PCR. This article details a surprising complication in an adult of a transphenoidal surgery for ablation of a craniopharyngioma. This is the first case, to our knowledge, of U. parvum meningitis in an adult patient. Keywords: Ureaplasma parvum, Meningitis, Immunocompetent patient, Postoperative infections

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Staphylococcus saprophyticus: Which beta-lactam?

Author

Hélène Pailhoriès, Viviane Cassisa, Rachel Chenouard, Marie Kempf, Matthieu Eveillard, and Carole Lemarié

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus saprophyticus is resistant to the drugs most often used for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI). The adequacy of antimicrobial treatments prescribed for UTI due to S. saprophyticus is not usually questioned. This study described the epidemiology of such infections and assessed the susceptibility of S. saprophyticus to ceftriaxone and amoxicillinâclavulanic acid. Methods: Methicillin-susceptible S. saprophyticus (MSSS) isolated from clinical samples between November 2014 and July 2016 were included. Clinical data were recorded. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of amoxicillinâclavulanic acid and ceftriaxone were measured for these MSSS strains and for 17 randomly selected methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains. Results: Of the S. saprophyticus isolates from urine, 59.5% were associated with a diagnosis of cystitis and 33.3% with pyelonephritis. Sixty percent of S. saprophyticus cystitis cases and 25% of pyelonephritis cases were given an inappropriate antibiotic regimen. The MICs of ceftriaxone ranged from 4 to >32 μg/ml for MSSS, and from 1.5 to 4 μg/ml for MSSA. Conclusions: Many UTIs were treated with an empirical antibiotic therapy that was ineffective for S. saprophyticus, revealing that S. saprophyticus is an aetiology that is insufficiently considered in UTI. High MICs for ceftriaxone in MSSS were observed, which raises questions about the use of this antibiotic in UTIs due to S. saprophyticus. Keywords: Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Beta-lactams, Minimum inhibitory concentrations, Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillinâclavulanic acid

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Confirmed Case of Buruli Ulcer, Senegal, 2018

Author

Grace Anne Turner, Abdoulave Seck, Assane Dieng, Saër Diadie, Babacar Ndiaye, Tabitha D. van Imeerzeel, Moussa Diallo, Marie Kempf, Raymond Bercion, and Cheikh Saad-Bouh Boye

Subjects
Buruli ulcer, Mycobacterium ulcerans infection, West Africa, risk factors, cutaneous mycobacterium infections, bacteria, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Buruli ulcer is a necrotizing skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and is usually associated with tropical climates and exposure to slow-moving or stagnant water. We report a case of Buruli ulcer that may have originated in an urban semiarid area of Senegal.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Diversity of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in humans, companion animals, and the environment in Reunion Island: an exploratory study

Author

Hélène Pailhoriès, Olivier Belmonte, Marie Kempf, Carole Lemarié, Julien Cuziat, Catherine Quinqueneau, Catherine Ramont, Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou, and Matthieu Eveillard

Subjects
Epidemiology, Community-acquired isolates, Acinetobacter baumannii, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii can be responsible for community-acquired infections in tropical climates like that of Reunion Island. The epidemiology of these community-acquired A. baumannii infections is not well understood. The aim of this study was to characterize A. baumannii strains isolated from patients at the time of admission to the university hospital of Saint-Denis, from environmental samples, and from pets. Methods: In this exploratory study, samples were collected by swabbing the rectum and mouth. A. baumannii isolates from positive samples were identified by VITEK 2 system, blaOXA-51-like gene PCR, and partial sequencing of the rpoB gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was then performed. Strains were further analysed by multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results: A high prevalence of A. baumannii carriage was found in pets (8.5%). Only one A. baumannii isolate was resistant to carbapenems (isolated from a patient). A wide variety of A. baumannii, assigned to different sequence types, were isolated from pets, humans, and the environment. Conclusions: This study shows that A. baumannii strains are present outside the hospital setting in Reunion Island and show great diversity. Further studies are needed to explore these extra-hospital reservoirs of A. baumannii in Reunion Island in greater detail and to determine their possible means of dissemination.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. A case of guilt by association: Water bug bite incriminated in M. ulcerans infection

Author

Estelle Marion, Annick Chauty, Edouard Yeramian, Jérèmie Babonneau, Marie Kempf, and Laurent Marsollier

Subjects
Buruli ulcer, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Transmission, Insect, Water bugs, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Buruli ulcer is a cutaneous mycobacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, whose incidence is increasing steadily, especially in West Africa. This study reports a first documented case of M. ulcerans infection which can be attributed to a water bug bite at the site of the primary lesion.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Biological effects of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde on Acinetobacter baumannii

Author

Angélique Montagu, Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou, Elisabeth Rossines, Jérome Cayon, Marie Kempf, and Patrick Saulnier

Subjects
Acinetobacter baumannii, Catalase, Reactive Oxygen Species, Heat shock proteins, Defense Mechanisms, carvacrol, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a major cause of nosocomial infections. The ability of A. baumannii to display various resistance mechanisms against antibiotics has transformed it into a successful nosocomial pathogen. The limited number of antibiotics in development and the disengagement of the pharmaceutical industry have prompted the development of innovative strategies. One of these strategies is the use of essential oils, especially aromatic compounds that are potent antibacterial molecules. Among them, the combination of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde has already demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against A. baumannii. The aim of this study was to determine the biological effects of these two compounds in A. baumannii, describing their effect on the rRNA and gene regulation under environmental stress conditions. Results demonstrated rRNA degradation by the carvacrol/cinnamaldehyde mixture, and this effect was due to carvacrol. Degradation was conserved after encapsulation of the mixture in lipid nanocapsules. Results showed an upregulation of the genes coding for heat shock proteins, such as groES, groEL, dnaK, clpB and the catalase katE, after exposure to carvacrol/cinnamaldehyde mixture. The catalase was upregulated after carvacrol exposure wich is related to an oxidative stress. The combination of thiourea (hydroxyl radical scavenger) and carvacrol demonstrated a potent bactericidal effect. These results underline the development of defense strategies of the bacteria by synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to environmental stress conditions, such as carvacrol.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Buruli Ulcer Disease in Republic of the Congo

Author

Estelle Marion, Damas Obvala, Jeremie Babonneau, Marie Kempf, Kingsley B. Asiedu, and Laurent Marsollier

Subjects
Buruli ulcer, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Republic of the Congo, Congo Brazzaville, tropical disease, skin disease, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Development of a dry-reagent-based qPCR to facilitate the diagnosis of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in endemic countries.

Author

Jérémie Babonneau, Christian Bernard, Estelle Marion, Annick Chauty, Marie Kempf, Raymond Robert, Laurent Marsollier, and Franco-Beninese Buruli Research Group

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. This skin disease is the third most common mycobacterial disease and its rapid diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is considered to be the most sensitive method for the laboratory confirmation of Buruli ulcer. However, PCR remains expensive and involves reagents unsuitable for use in tropical countries with poor storage conditions, hindering the development of reliable quantitative PCR (qPCR) diagnosis. We aimed to overcome this problem by developing a ready-to-use dry qPCR mix for the diagnosis of M. ulcerans infection.We compared the efficiency of three different dry qPCR mixes, lyophilized with various concentrations of cryoprotectants, with that of a freshly prepared mixture, for the detection of a standard range of M. ulcerans DNA concentrations. We evaluated the heat resistance of the dry mixes, comparing them with the fresh mix after heating. We also evaluated one of the dry mixes in field conditions, by analyzing 93 specimens from patients with suspected Buruli ulcers. The dry mix was (i) highly resistant to heat; (ii) of similar sensitivity and efficiency to the fresh mix and (iii) easier to use than the fresh mix.Dry qPCR mixes are suitable for use in the diagnosis of M. ulcerans infection in endemic countries. The user-friendly format of this mix makes it possible for untrained staff to perform diagnostic tests with a limited risk of contamination. The possibility of using this mix in either vial or strip form provides considerable flexibility for the management of small or large amounts of sample. Thus, dry-mix qPCR could be used as a reliable tool for the diagnosis of Buruli ulcer in the field.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Buruli ulcer in South Western Nigeria: a retrospective cohort study of patients treated in Benin.

Author

Estelle Marion, Kevin Carolan, Ambroise Adeye, Marie Kempf, Annick Chauty, and Laurent Marsollier

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Nigeria is known to be endemic to Buruli ulcer, but epidemiological data are remarkably rare. Here, we present a large cohort of 127 PCR-confirmed M. ulcerans infection patients coming from Nigeria and treated in a neighbouring country, Benin. Severe lesions and delay of consultation are factors that should encourage establishment of a treatment centre in South Western Nigeria.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Clinical epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed Buruli ulcer in Benin: a cohort study

Author

Quentin B Vincent, MD, Marie-Françoise Ardant, MD, Ambroise Adeye, MD, Aimé Goundote, MD, Jean-Paul Saint-André, MD, Jane Cottin, PhD, Marie Kempf, PhD, Didier Agossadou, MD, Christian Johnson, MD, Laurent Abel, MD, Laurent Marsollier, PhD, Annick Chauty, MD, and Dr. Alexandre Alcaïs, MD

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, was identified as a neglected emerging infectious disease by WHO in 1998. Although Buruli ulcer is the third most common mycobacterial disease worldwide, understanding of the disease is incomplete. We analysed a large cohort of laboratory-confirmed cases of Buruli ulcer from Pobè, Benin, to provide a comprehensive description of the clinical presentation of the disease, its variation with age and sex, and its effect on the occurrence of permanent functional sequelae. Methods: Between Jan 1, 2005, and Dec 31, 2011, we prospectively collected clinical and laboratory data from all patients with Buruli ulcer diagnosed at the Centre de Dépistage et de Traitement de l'Ulcère de Buruli in Pobè, Benin. We followed up patients to assess the frequency of permanent functional sequelae. All analyses were done on cases that were laboratory confirmed. Findings: 1227 cases of laboratory-confirmed Buruli ulcer were included in the analysis. Typically, patients with Buruli ulcer were children (median age at diagnosis 12 years) presenting with a unique (1172 [96%]) large (≥15 cm, 444 [36%]) ulcerative (805 [66%]) lesion of the lower limb (733 [60%]). Atypical clinical presentation of Buruli ulcer included Buruli ulcer osteomyelitis with no identifiable present or past Buruli ulcer skin lesions, which was recorded in at least 14 patients. The sex ratio of Buruli ulcer widely varied with age, with male patients accounting for 57% (n=427) of patients aged 15 years and younger, but only 33% (n=158) of those older than 15 years (odds ratio [OR] 2·59, 95% CI 2·04–3·30). Clinical presentation of Buruli ulcer was significantly dependent on age and sex. 54 (9%) male patients had Buruli ulcer osteomyelitis, whereas only 28 (4%) of female patients did (OR 2·21, 95% CI 1·39–3·59). 1 year after treatment, 229 (22% of 1043 with follow-up information) patients presented with permanent functional sequelae. Presentation with oedema, osteomyelitis, or large (≥15 cm in diameter), or multifocal lesions was significantly associated with occurrence of permanent functional sequelae (OR 7·64, 95% CI 5·29–11·31) and operationally defines severe Buruli ulcer. Interpretation: Our findings have important clinical implications for daily practice, including enhanced surveillance for early detection of osteomyelitis in boys; systematic search for M ulcerans in osteomyelitis cases of non-specific aspect in areas endemic for Buruli ulcer; and specific disability prevention for patients presenting with osteomyelitis, oedema, or multifocal or large lesions. Our findings also suggest a crucial underestimation of the burden of Buruli ulcer in Africa and raise key questions about the contribution of environmental and physiopathological factors to the recorded heterogeneity of the clinical presentation of Buruli ulcer. Funding: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Fondation Raoul Follereau, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), and Institut des Maladies Génétiques (IMAGINE).

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Molecular analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in Lebanon using four different typing methods.

Author

Rayane Rafei, Fouad Dabboussi, Monzer Hamze, Matthieu Eveillard, Carole Lemarié, Marie-Pierre Gaultier, Hassan Mallat, Rima Moghnieh, Rola Husni-Samaha, Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou, and Marie Kempf

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

This study analyzed 42 Acinetobacter baumannii strains collected between 2009-2012 from different hospitals in Beyrouth and North Lebanon to better understand the epidemiology and carbapenem resistance mechanisms in our collection and to compare the robustness of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) and blaOXA-51 sequence-based typing (SBT). Among 31 carbapenem resistant strains, we have detected three carbapenem resistance genes: 28 carried the blaOXA-23 gene, 1 the blaOXA-24 gene and 2 strains the blaOXA-58 gene. This is the first detection of blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-24 in Lebanon. PFGE identified 11 types and was the most discriminating technique followed by rep-PCR (9 types), blaOXA-51 SBT (8 types) and MLST (7 types). The PFGE type A'/ST2 was the dominant genotype in our collection present in Beyrouth and North Lebanon. The clustering agreement between all techniques was measured by adjust Wallace coefficient. An overall agreement has been demonstrated. High values of adjust Wallace coefficient were found with followed combinations: PFGE to predict MLST types = 100%, PFGE to predict blaOXA-51 SBT = 100%, blaOXA-51 SBT to predict MLST = 100%, MLST to predict blaOXA-51 SBT = 84.7%, rep-PCR to predict MLST = 81.5%, PFGE to predict rep-PCR = 69% and rep-PCR to predict blaOXA-51 SBT = 67.2%. PFGE and MLST are gold standard methods for outbreaks investigation and population structure studies respectively. Otherwise, these two techniques are technically, time and cost demanding. We recommend the use of blaOXA-51 SBT as first typing method to screen isolates and assign them to their corresponding clonal lineages. Repetitive sequence-based PCR is a rapid tool to access outbreaks but careful interpretation of results must be always performed.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Biotyping of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from France and Algeria using MALDI-TOF MS.

Author

Meryem Berrazeg, Seydina M Diene, Mourad Drissi, Marie Kempf, Hervé Richet, Luce Landraud, and Jean-Marc Rolain

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most important pathogens responsible for nosocomial outbreaks worldwide. Epidemiological analyses are useful in determining the extent of an outbreak and in elucidating the sources and the spread of infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological spread of K. pneumoniae strains using a MALDI-TOF MS approach. METHODS: Five hundred and thirty-five strains of K. pneumoniae were collected between January 2008 and March 2011 from hospitals in France and Algeria and were identified using MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic resistance patterns were investigated. Clinical and epidemiological data were recorded in an Excel file, including clustering obtained from the MSP dendrogram, and were analyzed using PASW Statistics software. RESULTS: Antibiotic susceptibility and phenotypic tests of the 535 isolates showed the presence of six resistance profiles distributed unequally between the two countries. The MSP dendrogram revealed five distinct clusters according to an arbitrary cut-off at the distance level of 500. Data mining analysis of the five clusters showed that K. pneumoniae strains isolated in Algerian hospitals were significantly associated with respiratory infections and the ESBL phenotype, whereas those from French hospitals were significantly associated with urinary tract infections and the wild-type phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: MALDI-TOF was found to be a promising tool to identify and differentiate between K. pneumoniae strains according to their phenotypic properties and their epidemiological distribution. This is the first time that MALDI-TOF has been used as a rapid tool for typing K. pneumoniae clinical isolates.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Carbapenem resistance and Acinetobacter baumannii in Senegal: the paradigm of a common phenomenon in natural reservoirs.

Author

Marie Kempf, Jean-Marc Rolain, Georges Diatta, Saïd Azza, Bissoum Samb, Oleg Mediannikov, Amy Gassama Sow, Seydina M Diene, Florence Fenollar, and Didier Raoult

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Incidence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is rising in several parts of the world. In Africa, data concerning this species and its resistance to carbapenems are limited. The objective of the present study was to identify the presence of A. baumannii carbapenem-resistant encoding genes in natural reservoirs in Senegal, where antibiotic pressure is believed to be low. From October 2010 to January 2011, 354 human head lice, 717 human fecal samples and 118 animal fecal samples were screened for the presence of A. baumannii by real time PCR targeting bla(OXA51-like) gene. For all samples positive for A. baumannii, the carbapenemase-hydrolysing oxacillinases bla(OXA23-like) and bla(OXA24-like) were searched for and sequenced, and the isolates harbouring an oxacillinase were genotyped using PCR amplification and sequencing of recA gene. The presence of A. baumannii was detected in 4.0% of the head lice, in 5.4% of the human stool samples and in 5.1% of the animal stool samples tested. No bla(OXA24) gene was detected but six fecal samples and three lice were positive for bla(OXA23-like) gene. The bla(OXA23-like) gene isolated in lice was likely a new oxacillinase sequence. Finally, the A. baumannii detected in stools were all of recA genotype 3 and those detected in lice, of recA genotype 4. This study shows for the first time a reservoir of bla(OXA23-like)-positive gene in human head lice and stool samples in Senegal.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Rapid detection of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.

Author

Marie Kempf, Sofiane Bakour, Christophe Flaudrops, Meryem Berrazeg, Jean-Michel Brunel, Mourad Drissi, Esma Mesli, Abdelaziz Touati, and Jean-Marc Rolain

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Rapid detection of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains is critical and will benefit patient care by optimizing antibiotic therapies and preventing outbreaks. Herein we describe the development and successful application of a mass spectrometry profile generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) that utilized the imipenem antibiotic for the detection of carbapenem resistance in a large series of A. baumannii clinical isolates from France and Algeria. A total of 106 A. baumannii strains including 63 well-characterized carbapenemase-producing and 43 non-carbapenemase-producing strains, as well as 43 control strains (7 carbapenem-resistant and 36 carbapenem-sensitive strains) were studied. After an incubation of bacteria with imipenem for up to 4 h, the mixture was centrifuged and the supernatant analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. The presence and absence of peaks representing imipenem and its natural metabolite was analyzed. The result was interpreted as positive for carbapenemase production if the specific peak for imipenem at 300.0 m/z disappeared during the incubation time and if the peak of the natural metabolite at 254.0 m/z increased as measured by the area under the curves leading to a ratio between the peak for imipenem and its metabolite being

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. High content screening identifies decaprenyl-phosphoribose 2' epimerase as a target for intracellular antimycobacterial inhibitors.

Author

Thierry Christophe, Mary Jackson, Hee Kyoung Jeon, Denis Fenistein, Monica Contreras-Dominguez, Jaeseung Kim, Auguste Genovesio, Jean-Philippe Carralot, Fanny Ewann, Eun Hye Kim, Sae Yeon Lee, Sunhee Kang, Min Jung Seo, Eun Jung Park, Henrieta Skovierová, Ha Pham, Giovanna Riccardi, Ji Youn Nam, Laurent Marsollier, Marie Kempf, Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou, Taegwon Oh, Won Kyung Shin, Zaesung No, Ulf Nehrbass, Roland Brosch, Stewart T Cole, and Priscille Brodin

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

A critical feature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), is its ability to survive and multiply within macrophages, making these host cells an ideal niche for persisting microbes. Killing the intracellular tubercle bacilli is a key requirement for efficient tuberculosis treatment, yet identifying potent inhibitors has been hampered by labor-intensive techniques and lack of validated targets. Here, we present the development of a phenotypic cell-based assay that uses automated confocal fluorescence microscopy for high throughput screening of chemicals that interfere with the replication of M. tuberculosis within macrophages. Screening a library of 57,000 small molecules led to the identification of 135 active compounds with potent intracellular anti-mycobacterial efficacy and no host cell toxicity. Among these, the dinitrobenzamide derivatives (DNB) showed high activity against M. tuberculosis, including extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains. More importantly, we demonstrate that incubation of M. tuberculosis with DNB inhibited the formation of both lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan, attributable to the inhibition of decaprenyl-phospho-arabinose synthesis catalyzed by the decaprenyl-phosphoribose 2' epimerase DprE1/DprE2. Inhibition of this new target will likely contribute to new therapeutic solutions against emerging XDR-TB. Beyond validating the high throughput/content screening approach, our results open new avenues for finding the next generation of antimicrobials.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Overexpression of an apple broad range agglutinating lectin does not promotein plantaresistance to fire blight and bacterial wilt

Author

Antoine Bodelot, Erwan Chavonet, Marie Noelle Brisset, Nicolas Dousset, Elisa Ravon, Christelle Heintz, Richard Berthomé, Matilda Zaffuto, Marie Kempf, Mélanie Foulon, Estelle Marion, Emilie Vergne, and Alexandre Degrave

Abstract

Lectins, a large group of proteins present in all kingdoms of life can bind reversibly to glycans. The roles of plant lectins are diverse and include resistance to biotic or abiotic stress, notably bacterial resistance. A gene family encoding amaranthin-like lectins termed MdAGGs in apple (Malus domestica) has been identified to be overexpressed upon treatment with the plant resistance inducer acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) which promotes enhanced resistance to the fire blight disease caused byErwinia amylovora(Ea). In this study, we first screened the ability of purified MdAGG10 to agglutinate bacterial cellsin vitroamong a range of bacterial species. Several bacterial species, either Gram positive or negative, either plant- or human-pathogens were found to be agglutinated by MdAGG10 in acidic conditions. Apple and Arabidopsis lines constitutively overexpressingMdAGG10were generated and evaluated for their resistance to, respectively,EaandRalstonia solanacearum, both plant pathogens that were found in our screening. Despite MdAGG10 protein accumulated in tissues of both apple and Arabidopsis lines, they remained susceptible to their respective pathogens. Interestingly,in vitroagglutination ofEaby MdAGG10 did not impair bacterial growth, suggesting that other plant molecules are involved in the resistance to fire blight triggered after an ASM treatment.

Published
2023

30. An Overview of 10 Years of Activity of a Molecular Laboratory for Buruli Ulcer Diagnosis at a Field Hospital in Benin

Author

Faraj Fajloun, Line Ganlonon, Ronald Sètondji Gnimavo, Espoir Sodjinou, Akimath Habib, Eric Claco, Irvine Agoundoté, Ambroise Adeye, Perrin Catraye, Charbel Al-Bayssari, Elie Hajj Moussa, Marie Robbe-Saule, Jean Gabin Houezo, Godwin Gérard Kpoton, Adjimon Gilbert Ayélo, Beatriz Gomez, Roch Christian Johnson, Laurent Marsollier, Estelle Marion, and Marie Kempf

Subjects
Microbiology (medical)
Abstract

Here, we describe the first 10 years of activity at a field laboratory established at the Buruli ulcer treatment center (CDTLUB) in Pobè, Benin, a country in which Mycobacterium ulcerans is endemic. Between 2012 and 2022, the laboratory analyzed 3,018 samples from patients consulting the CDTLUB of Pobè with a suspected clinical BU.

Published
2023

31. BIOFIRE® Blood Culture IDentification 2 (BCID2) panel for early adaptation of antimicrobial therapy in adult patients with bloodstream infections: a real-life experience

Author

Anne Donnars, Rafael Mahieu, Charles Declerck, Rachel Chenouard, Carole Lemarié, Hélène Pailhoriès, Jim Requin, Marie Kempf, Matthieu Eveillard, Pecqueret, Valérie, Laboratoire de Bactériologie [CHU Angers] (Institut de Biologie en Santé), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy (INCIT), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), and Laboratoire de Bactériologie [CHU Angers]

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Blood cultures, Rapid diagnostics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Medicine, Multiplex PCR, Bacterial identification, Antimicrobial therapy
Abstract

International audience; Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of a multiplex PCR panel for blood culture identification (BCID2) on the implementation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. We conducted a monocentric pre/post study comparing the time to result from direct microscopic examination (DE) to bacterial identification (BI) in positive blood cultures between 2 different periods: P1 without BCID2 and P2 with BCID2. Appropriate treatments prescribed before DE and after DE / BCID2 and after BI / BCID2 were compared using direct proportion comparison and survival analysis. For mono-microbial bloodstream infections, the proportion of appropriate antimicrobial treatment after DE was 50% in P1 vs. 87.5% after BCID2 in P2 (P < 0.001) for Gram-negative bacteria and 33.0% in P1 vs. 64.4% in P2 (P < 0.01) for Gram-positive bacteria. A significant difference (P = 0.04) was recorded with survival curves for Gram positive bacteria. BCID2 seems effective in reducing the time for prescribing appropriate antimicrobials.

Published
2022

32. Ketogenic Diet Impairment of Mycobacterium ulcerans Growth and Toxin Production and Enhancement of Host Response to Infection in an Experimental Mouse Model

Author

Mélanie Foulon, Marie Robbe-Saule, Lucille Esnault, Marine Malloci, Anthony Mery, Jean-Paul Saint-André, Anne Croue, Marie Kempf, Chadi Homedan, Estelle Marion, and Laurent Marsollier

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Buruli ulcer, medicine.medical_treatment, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, Virulence factor, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, Mycolactone, Buruli Ulcer, 2. Zero hunger, Wound Healing, 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid, Mycobacterium ulcerans, biology, business.industry, Toxin, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Immunology, Macrolides, Diet, Ketogenic, business, Wound healing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Ketogenic diet
Abstract

Ketogenic diets have been used to treat diverse conditions, and there is growing evidence of their benefits for tissue repair and in inflammatory disease treatment. However, their role in infectious diseases has been little studied. Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans infection) is a chronic infectious disease characterized by large skin ulcerations caused by mycolactone, the major virulence factor of the bacillus. In the current study, we investigated the impact of ketogenic diet on this cutaneous disease in an experimental mouse model. This diet prevented ulceration, by modulating bacterial growth and host inflammatory response. β-hydroxybutyrate, the major ketone body produced during ketogenic diet and diffusing in tissues, impeded M. ulcerans growth and mycolactone production in vitro underlying its potential key role in infection. These results pave the way for the development of new patient management strategies involving shorter courses of treatment and improving wound healing, in line with the major objectives of the World Health Organization.

Published
2021

33. Semisynthetic Vitamin E Derivatives as Potent Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Gram‐Positive Pathogens

Author

Rodolphe Perrot, Jean-Jacques Helesbeux, Denis Séraphin, Marie Kempf, Pascal Richomme, Khaled Alsabil, Guillaume Viault, Alexia Ville, Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux (SONAS), Université d'Angers (UA), Département de biologie des agents infectieux et pharmacotoxicologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), and Service Commun d'Imagerie et d'Analyse Microscopique (SCIAM)

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Bacterial cell structure, Microbiology, Structure-Activity Relationship, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Drug Discovery, medicine, Vitamin E, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Cytotoxicity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Structure, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Semisynthesis, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Molecular Medicine, Methicillin Resistance, Antibacterial activity
Abstract

New 5-substituted vitamin E derivatives were semisynthesized, and their antibacterial activity against human Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens was evaluated. Several vitamin E analogues were active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE); structure-activity relationships (SARs) are discussed. As a result, it is shown that the presence of a carboxylic acid function at the C-5 position and/or at the end of the side chain is crucial for the antibacterial activity. The bactericidal or bacteriostatic action of three compounds against MRSA and MRSE was confirmed in a time-kill kinetics study, and the cytotoxicity on human cells was evaluated. The preliminary mechanism study by confocal microscopy indicated that those vitamin E analogues led to bacterial cell death through membrane disruption.

Published
2020

34. Performance of penicillinase detection tests in Staphylococcus epidermidis: comparison of different phenotypic methods

Author

Hélène Pailhoriès, Benjamin Aubry, Marie Kempf, Rachel Chenouard, Carole Lemarié, and Matthieu Eveillard

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Penicillin Resistance, lcsh:QR1-502, Zone edge test, Penicillinase detection, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Biology, Disk diffusion method, Microbiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Staphylococcus epidermidis, medicine, Nitrocefin test, Nitrocefin, Humans, Agar diffusion test, MIC, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, cons, Penicillin G, Penicillinase, Staphylococcal Infections, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cephalosporins, Penicillin, Phenotype, Genes, Bacterial, Coagulase, Algorithms, medicine.drug, Research Article
Abstract

Background Staphylococcus epidermidis is the leading coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) species associated with healthcare associated infections. In order to de-escalate antimicrobial therapy, isolates of S. epidermidis lacking the blaZ gene should be eligible for targeted antimicrobial therapy. However, testing the susceptibility of coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) to penicillin G is no longer recommended by EUCAST, given the low performances for penicillinase detection in CoNS. The objective of this work was to determine a phenotypic method with high performance for detecting penicillinase production in S. epidermidis. Results Four techniques for the detection of penicillinase production (disk diffusion, zone edge test, nitrocefin test, Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by automated system Vitek2®) were evaluated on 182 S. epidermidis isolates, using identification of blaZ gene by PCR as the reference method. The performance of the methods for penicillinase detection was compared by the sensitivity, the specificity, the negative predictive value and the positive predictive value, and with Cohen’s kappa statistical test. Among the 182 S. epidermidis included in this study, 55 carried the blaZ gene. The nitrocefin test, characterized by a poor sensitivity (91%), was therefore excluded from S. epidermidis penicillinase detection. The algorithm proposed here for the penicillinase detection in S. epidermidis involved two common antimicrobial susceptibility techniques: disk diffusion method and MIC by Vitek2® system. Disk diffusion method, interpreted with a 26 mm breakpoint for penicillin G, was associated with a high sensitivity (98%) and specificity (100%). This method was completed with zone edge test for S. epidermidis with penicillin G diameter from 26 to 35 mm (sensitivity of 98%). The Vitek2® system is associated with a low sensitivity (93%) and a high specificity (99%) This low sensitivity is associated with false negative results, in isolates with 0.12 mg/L Penicillin G MIC values and blaZ positive. Thus for penicillin G MIC of 0.06 mg/L or 0.12 mg/L, a second step with disc diffusion method is suggested. Conclusions According to our results, the strategy proposed here allows the interpretation of penicillin G susceptibility in S. epidermidis isolates, with an efficient detection of penicillin G resistance.

Published
2020

35. RF-285 The exposure response relation between occupational exposure to wood dust and sinonasal cancer

Author

Jesper Medom Vestergaard, Theresa Maria Møller Kynde, Ioannis Basinas, Jens Peder Ellekilde Bonde, Signe Hjuler Boudigaard, Marie Kempf Frydendahl, Henrik A Kolstad, Vivi Schlünssen, Esben Meulengracht Flachs, and Inge Brosbøl Iversen

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine, Sinonasal cancer, Occupational exposure, business, Dermatology, Exposure response
Published
2021

36. RF-285 The exposure response relation between occupational exposure to wood dust and sinonasal cancer

Author

Frydendahl, Marie Kempf, primary, Møller Kynde, Theresa Maria, additional, Albert Kolstad, Henrik, additional, Brosbøl Iversen, Inge, additional, Schlünssen, Vivi, additional, Hjuler Boudigaard, Signe, additional, Ellekilde Bonde, Jens Peder, additional, Medom Vestergaard, Jesper, additional, Meulengracht Flachs, Esben, additional, and Basinas, Ioannis, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Senegal, a new potential endemic country for Buruli ulcer?

Author

Matthieu Eveillard, Laurent Marsollier, Vivien Hébert, Marie Kempf, Estelle Marion, P. Carvalho, Lucie Dupechez, Université de Caen Normandie - UFR Santé (UNICAEN Santé), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Service de dermatologie [Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), and Fondation Raoul Follereau

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Buruli ulcer, Male, 030106 microbiology, Disease, World health, West africa, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomics, skin and connective tissue diseases, Buruli Ulcer, Aged, biology, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Tropical disease, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, bacterial infections and mycoses, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Senegal, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Geography
Abstract

Mycobacterium ulcerans is the causal agent of Buruli ulcer, a neglected tropical disease with cutaneous tropism. We report a case of Buruli ulcer in a patient who travelled in Senegal, a country not identified by the World Health Organization as being endemic for this disease. This case is the third case of Buruli ulcer reported as having been contracted in Senegal, showing the urgent need to develop data collection in this country by having an active community-based surveillance–response system. Keywords: Mycobacterium ulcerans infection, Buruli ulcer, West Africa, Senegal, PCR, IS2404 gene, Ketoreductase B domain gene

Published
2019

38. Colistin–glycopeptide combinations against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a mouse model of pneumonia

Author

Diane Sanderink, Rafael Mahieu, Viviane Cassisa, Vincent Dubée, Rachel Chenouard, Matthieu Eveillard, Marie Kempf, Bernardo, Elizabeth, ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Angers], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Laboratoire de Bactériologie [CHU Angers], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
Acinetobacter baumannii, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), experimental infections, vancomycin, 030106 microbiology, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, multidrug resistance, polycyclic compounds, pneumonia, Medicine, glycopep- tides, colistin, Etest, teicoplanin, biology, business.industry, Teicoplanin, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Acinetobacter, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, antimicrobial combinations, Glycopeptide, 3. Good health, Multiple drug resistance, Pneumonia, 030104 developmental biology, Colistin, bacteria, Vancomycin, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), business, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Aim: To assess the effect of colistin-glycopeptide combination against a multidrug-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii. Materials & methods: We used in vitro procedures (Etest method, checkerboard test and kill-time assays) and a mouse model of a carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii pneumonia. Results: The colistin-teicoplanin combination allowed a 74% increase of the survival in the mouse model within the 4 days following bacterial inoculation as compared with saline or colistin alone (p = 0.06). Concurrently, the colistin-vancomycin combination presented a similar efficacy as compared with saline or colistin alone in the mouse model. Conclusion: According to those preliminary results, using the colistin-teicoplanin combination in therapeutic deadlocks encountered in certain multiresistant A. baumannii pneumonia could be envisaged if the results are confirmed.

Published
2019

39. Reply to López-Cortés et al

Author

Anne-Gaëlle Leroy, Delphine Boucher, Olivia Peuchant, Pierre Danneels, Fabrice Camou, Stéphane Corvec, Marie Kempf, Raphaël Lecomte, Vincent Dubée, Nahema Issa, and David Boutoille

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Endocarditis, business.industry, Recurrence, Chronic Disease, Medicine, Humans, business, Humanities
Published
2021

40. Invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in children and adults in France during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era: an interrupted time-series analysis of data from a 17-year national prospective surveillance study

Author

Robert M. Cohen, Kostas Danis, François Angoulvant, Daniel Levy Bruhl, Emmanuelle Varon, Julie Cremniter, Corinne Levy, Marie Kempf, Marie-Cécile Ploy, Naim Ouldali, Scarlett Georges, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique [Paris] (GPIP), Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE (U1123 / UMR_S_1123)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Référence du Pneumocoque, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre national de référence pour les pneumocoques [CHI Créteil], Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Groupe d'Etude des Maladies Infectieuses Néonatales et Infantiles (GEMINI), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-MRB-GRC, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Limoges, Anti-infectieux : supports moléculaires des résistances et innovations thérapeutiques (RESINFIT), CHU Limoges-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux (PHAR), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bernardo, Elizabeth, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Serotype, Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Pneumococcal disease, Time Factors, Adolescent, 030106 microbiology, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Pneumococcal Infections, Interrupted Time Series Analysis, Pneumococcal Vaccines, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Child, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Vaccines, Conjugate, business.industry, Immunization Programs, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Age Factors, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Female, France, business, Meningitis, Sentinel Surveillance, medicine.drug, Forecasting
Abstract

International audience; Background: The long-term benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) remain unknown because of serotype replacement. We aimed to estimate the effect of PCV implementation on invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in France.Methods: We did a quasi-experimental interrupted time-series analysis using data from a French national prospective surveillance system. We included all invasive pneumococcal disease cases in children and adults from more than 250 participating hospitals between Jan 1, 2001, and Dec 31, 2017. The primary outcome was incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (meningitis and non-meningitis) over time, analysed by segmented regression with autoregressive error. Isolates were serotyped by latex agglutination with antiserum samples.Findings: We included 75 903 patients with invasive pneumococcal disease, including 4302 (5·7%) children younger than 2 years and 37 534 (49·4%) adults aged 65 years or older. Before PCV7 implementation, the estimated monthly incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease was 0·78 cases per 100 000 inhabitants, which did not change significantly up to May, 2010. PCV13 implementation in 2010 was followed by a significant decrease in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (-1·5% per month, 95% CI -2·2 to -0·8), reaching an estimated monthly incidence of 0·52 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in December, 2014. From January, 2015, the incidence rebounded (1·8% per month, 95% CI 1·0 to 2·6), reaching an estimated monthly incidence of 0·73 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in December, 2017. The estimated monthly incidence increased from 0·93 cases per 100 000 in December, 2014, to 1·73 cases per 100 000 in December, 2017, for children younger than 2 years, and from 1·54 cases per 100 000 in December, 2014, to 2·08 cases per 100 000 in December, 2017, for adults aged 65 years or older. The main non-PCV13 serotypes involved in the increase were 24F in young children and 12F, 22F, 9N, and 8 in adults aged 65 years or older.Interpretation: PCV13 implementation led to a major reduction in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease. However, a rebound in cases among children and adults since 2015, driven by several emerging non-PCV13 serotypes, jeopardises the long-term PCV benefits. These findings, if confirmed in the coming years, should be considered in the development of next-generation PCVs and might guide policy makers in the selection of future pneumococcal vaccines.Funding: Foundation for Medical Research; Pfizer, BioMérieux, Sanofi for the Regional Observatory of Pneumococci.

Published
2021

41. Epidemiology and prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in humans, animals and the environment in West and Central Africa

Author

Oumar Ouchar Mahamat, Yann Dumont, Sylvain Godreuil, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Julio A. Benavides, Manon Lounnas, Mallorie Hide, Christian Carrière, Abelsalam Tidjani, Marie Kempf, Abdoul-Salam Ouédraogo, Hélène Jean-Pierre, ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Du gène à l'écosystème (MIVEGEC-GeneSys), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, medicine.medical_specialty, Veterinary medicine, Swine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Biology, beta-Lactamases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antibiotic resistance, Dogs, Bacterial Proteins, Enterobacteriaceae, Epidemiology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Environmental Microbiology, Prevalence, Antimicrobial stewardship, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Africa, Central, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Central africa, General Medicine, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Rats, Africa, Western, Infectious Diseases, Carriage, One Health, bacteria, Cattle, Chickens, Plasmids
Abstract

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are widespread. Here we used the 'One Health' approach to determine knowledge gaps on ESBL-E and CPE in West and Central Africa. We searched all articles on ESBL-E and CPE in these African regions published in PubMed, African Journals Online and Google Scholar from 2000 onwards. Among the 1201 articles retrieved, we selected 165 studies (West Africa, 118; Central Africa, 47) with data from 22 of the 26 West and Central Africa countries. Regarding the settings, 136 articles focused only on humans (carriage and/or infection), 6 articles on humans and animals, 13 on animals, 1 on humans and the environment, 8 on the environment and 1 on humans, animals and environments. ESBL-E prevalence ranged from 11-72% in humans and 7-79% in aquatic environments (wastewater). In animals, ESBL-E prevalence hugely varied: 0% in cattle, 11-36% in chickens, 20% in rats, 21-71% in pigs and 32-75% in dogs. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was the predominant ESBL-encoding gene and was associated with plasmids of incompatibility groups F, H, K, Y, N, I1 and R. CPE were studied only in humans. Class B metallo-β-lactamases (NDM) and class D oxacillinases (OXA-48 and OXA-181) were the most common carbapenemases. Our results show major knowledge gaps, particularly on ESBL and CPE in animals and the environment, that might limit antimicrobial resistance management in these regions. The results also emphasise the urgent need to improve active surveillance programmes in each country and to support antimicrobial stewardship.

Published
2021

42. Cerebral epidural empyema due to Bartonella henselae: a case report

Author

Audrey Rousseau, Carole Lemarié, Hélène Pailhoriès, Rafael Mahieu, Marie Kempf, Matthieu Eveillard, Stéphanie Matta, Rachel Chenouard, Malbec, Odile, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hémodynamique, Interaction Fibrose et Invasivité tumorales Hépatiques (HIFIH), Université d'Angers (UA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cerebral epidural empyema, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Case Report, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cat Scratch Disease, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Abscess, Empyema, 0303 health sciences, Bartonella henselae, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Retinitis, Cat-Scratch Disease, Magnetic resonance imaging, Cat-scratch disease, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Scalp, Headaches, medicine.symptom, business, Meningitis, Encephalitis, 16S rDNA gene sequencing
Abstract

Background Cat scratch disease frequently involves a benign, self-limited disease. Neurological forms associated with Bartonella henselae are uncommon, consisting mostly in neuroretinitis, encephalitis and meningitis. Cerebral epidural empyema has never described. Case presentation An adult patient was hospitalized for isolated headaches. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) identified typical features of cerebral epidural empyema. The diagnosis of B. henselae was performed incidentally by 16S rDNA gene sequencing on the abscess fluid, and confirmed by specific qPCR. We report here the first case, to our knowledge, of cerebral epidural empyema associated with B. henselae. Further follow-up visits allowed identifying frequent cat scratches on the scalp as the presumptive source of infection. Conclusions This case report alerts about such atypical clinical presentation, which requires an extensive clinical investigation. It also emphasizes on the usefulness of additional molecular diagnosis techniques in such CNS infection cases.

Published
2020

43. Staphylococcus capitis isolated from bloodstream infections: a nationwide 3-month survey in 38 neonatal intensive care units

Author

Sylvie Joron, Stéphane Marret, Fabrice Lapeyre, Jérôme Larche, Jacqueline Grando, David Leyssene, Jean Nakhleh, Clarisse Dupin, Tania Foucan, Stéphanie Bordes-Couecou, Géraldine Abadie, Franck Labbe, Marie Kempf, Manuel Petitfrere, Audrey Robine, Marie Decalonne, Chantal Chaplain, Philippe Jouvencel, Florent Goube, Benjamin Cotte, Laurent Villeneuve, Adeline Lacazette, Raoul Baron, Jean-Marc Jellimann, Anne-Sophie Trentesaux, Nathalie Chautemps, Laurent Mereghetti, Olivier Dauwalder, Nicolas Fortineau, Christine Roques Ceschin, Rafik Ben Ammar, Sandra Bourdon, Alain Gravet, Audrey Glanard, Olivier Belmonte, Jacques Gilquin, Arnaud Florentin, Souad Slimani, Annick Lefebvre, Jérôme Guinard, Edith Malpote, Céline Chatelet, Isabelle Bauvin, Alain Lozniewski, Anaëlle Muggeo, Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Stéphane Le Vu, Isabelle Ligi, Anne Le Pourhiennec, Christian Cattoen, Olivier Join-Lambert, Bruno Pozetto, Carole De Chillaz, Amine Siali, Pascale Martres, Michel Drancourt, Claire Lesteven, Sandra C. dos Santos, Nadège Bourgeois-Nicolaos, Aude Davy, Claude Olive, Rémi Gimenes, Laure Gibert, Raymond Ruimy, Virginie Morange, Antoine Bouissou, Julien Mourdie, Emmanuelle Bille, Marie-Noëlle Noulard, Vincent Cattoir, Martine Delorme, Dominique Trivier, Luc Desfrere, Hugues Patural, Patrick Barthelemy, Nadia Idri, Florence Lemann, Franck-Olivier Mallaval, Sophie Ketterer-Martinon, Christian Vandenbussche, Pierre Frange, Sylvie Ledru, Mouna Khecharem, Pierre Lureau, Sophie Boyer, Philippe Berthelot, Salma Ben Hadj Yahia, Clément Legeay, Emilie Benabid, Guillaume Menard, Marion Levast-Raffin, Céline Coroller-Bec, Claire Huart, Maryvonne Demasure, Pascal Bolot, Yasmina Berrouane, Hélène Cormier, Pascale Minery, Pascale Penn, Peggy Larroude, Evelyne Werner, Géraldine Gascoin, Virginie Forget, Nathalie van der Mee-Marquet, Stéphanie Soive, Karine Gambarotto, Vanina Ambrogi, Aurore Claudinon, Serge Klosowski, Brigitte Riviere, Véronique Merle, Laura Menvielle, Véronique Faraut-Derouin, Saïd Aberrane, Alain Beuchee, Nolwenn Le Sache, Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU Trousseau [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre hospitalier Félix-Guyon [Saint-Denis, La Réunion], Centre Hospitalier René Dubos [Pontoise], Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Centre hospitalier de Pau, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier de Calais, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis [Ile-de-France], Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque (CHCB), Groupe Hospitalier du Havre, Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre hospitalier [Valenciennes, Nord], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], GHT de l'Artois, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, Centre Hospitalier Métropole Savoie [Chambéry], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Clinique du Val d'Ouest, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre hospitalier Saint-Brieuc, Centre Hospitalier Georges Renon [Niort] (CH Georges Renon Niort), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHRO), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU de Saint-Brieuc, Interactions Gènes-Risques environnementaux et Effets sur la Santé (INGRES), Université de Lorraine (UL), Unité de Recherche Environnement Physique de la plante Horticole (EPHOR), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Hôpital Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Mulhouse, site du Hasenrain (Mulhouse), Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM), Université de Brest (UBO), Service de réanimation néonatale [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Pathogénie des infections systémiques (UMR_S 570), Centre Régional de PharmacoVigilance Nord-Pas-de-Calais [CHU Lille] (CRPV), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg - Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRCNA), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Groupe Hospitalier du Havre Hôpital Jacques Monod (MONTIVILLIERS) (GHH), Polyclinique Médipôle Saint-Roch [Cabestany], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Aix-Marseille Université - École de médecine (AMU SMPM MED), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté des sciences médicales et paramédicales (AMU SMPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service de microbiologie [CHU Nancy], Service psychiatrique de l'enfant et de l'adolescent [CHU Hôpital Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Service de bactériologie-virologie [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Registre EPIMAD, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis (StaPath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Hospitalier Artois-Ternois Centre Hospitalier d’Arras, Système Nerveux Autonome - Epidémiologie, Physiologie, Ingénierie, Santé (SNA - EPIS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), ELSAN Polyclinique Majorelle, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Castres-Mazamet (CHIC-CM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Centre Hospitalier de Lens, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Hôpital Trousseau, Jonchère, Laurent, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Le CHCB, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Système Nerveux Autonome - Epidémiologie, Physiologie, Ingénierie, Santé (SNA-EPIS), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, CHU Saint-Etienne, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université Lille 2 - Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Félix-Guyon [Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Department of Microbiology Brest, Department of Microbiology, Brest, CHU CLAMART, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU de Nice), Centre Hospitalier Côte Basque, Bayonne, CHU Le Havre, Laboratory of microbiology and infection control, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Charles Nicolle, Partenaires INRAE, CHU de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France., CHU Lens, CHU Argenteuil, Centre Hospitalier Métropole Savoie-Site de Chambéry, La Clinique du Val d'Ouest, Hôpitaux Est Hôpital Louis Pradel - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHR), Hopital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service de virologie, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Service de chirurgie infantile, CHU Felix Guyon, Saint Denis de La Réunion, Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu, Unité d'Hygiène Hospitalière, hospices civils de Lyon, Hôpital du Hasenrain, Mulhouse, CHU Valenciennes, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), Hôpital de Bayonne [Bayonne], CHU Kremlin-Bicétre, Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Polyclinique de St Roch, CHU Pau, Unité de prévention et de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales [CHU Angers], PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Division of Neonatology, La Conception Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Laboratoire de Microbiologie clinique et environnementale [Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes (CHU Rennes), Hôpital privé de l'Estuaire [Le Havre], Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis, Hôpital d'Arras, CHU Le MAns, Polyclinique Majorelle, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Castres-Mazamet, Laboratoire de bactériologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Recherche Opérationnelle et Mathématiques de la Décision - LAROMAD (Alger, Algérie), Centre Hospitalier d’Arras, Unité de Méthodologie en Recherche Clinique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, Clone (cell biology), NRCS-A clone, 030501 epidemiology, Staphylococcus capitis, Medical microbiology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Medicine, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Brief Report, Gestational age, General Medicine, Staphylococcal Infections, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Nationwide active surveillance, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Vancomycin, Female, France, 0305 other medical science, Infant, Premature, [SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Bloodstream catheter-related infection, Birth weight, Preterm babies, 030106 microbiology, Late onset, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Sepsis, Intensive care, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, business.industry, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Infant, Newborn, Neonates, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Catheter-Related Infections, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, business
Abstract

To increase the knowledge about S. capitis in the neonatal setting, we conducted a nationwide 3-month survey in 38 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) covering 56.6% of French NICU beds. We demonstrated 14.2% of S. capitis BSI (S.capBSI) among nosocomial BSIs. S.capBSI incidence rate was 0.59 per 1000 patient-days. A total of 55.0% of the S.capBSIs were late onset catheter-related BSIs. The S. capitis strains infected preterm babies (median gestational age 26 weeks, median birth weight 855 g). They were resistant to methicillin and aminoglycosides and belonged to the NRCS-A clone. Evolution was favorable in all but one case, following vancomycin treatment.

Published
2020

44. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam combination versus ceftazidime alone

Author

Matthieu Eveillard, C. Moriceau, H. Pailhoriès, Marie Kempf, C. Lemarié, R. Chenouard, Université d'Angers (UA), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Programme ATIP - Avenir, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier

Subjects
Polymicrobial infection, Cystic Fibrosis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ceftazidime, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbiology, Clavulanic Acids, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Ticarcillin, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Ceftazidime/avibactam, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Multiple drug resistance, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Drug Combinations, Infectious Diseases, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, business, Azabicyclo Compounds, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective To compare the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) combination versus ceftazidime alone (TZ) for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Patients and methods MIC comparison was performed by E-tests. We assumed that CZA was more effective in vitro than TZ alone when CZA led to a category change from “Resistant” with TZ alone to “Susceptible” or “Intermediate” with CZA, or if the MIC of CZA was at least 4-fold lower than the MIC of TZ for TZ-susceptible isolates. Results For the 54 clinical isolates included in the study, CZA showed better results in terms of the proportion of susceptible isolates (66.7% vs. 38.9%, P Conclusion Using CZA for empirical treatments in severe or polymicrobial infections with S. maltophilia seems appropriate.

Published
2020

45. Stable and Local Reservoirs of Mycobacterium ulcerans Inferred from the Nonrandom Distribution of Bacterial Genotypes, Benin

Author

Télésphore Yao Brou, Estelle Marion, Ronald Gnimavo, Marie Kempf, Alban Besnard, Céline Bris, Roch Christian Johnson, Clement Coudereau, Fida Khater, Sara Eyangoh, Marie Robbe-Saule, ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université d’Abomey-Calavi = University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Fondation Raoul Follereau [Paris], Maison de la Télédétection, Centre de diagnostic et de traitement de la lèpre et de l’Ulcère de Buruli Madeleine et Raoul Follereau [Pobè, Bénin], Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Fondation Raoul FollereauINSERMAgence Nationale de la Recherche Région Pays de la Loire, ANR-11-CEPL-0007,EXTRA-MU,Etudes multidisciplinaires de l'Expansion et de la Transmission de Mycobacterium ulcerans liées aux changements environnementaux(2011), KEMPF, Marie, Changements Environnementaux Planétaires et Sociétés - Etudes multidisciplinaires de l'Expansion et de la Transmission de Mycobacterium ulcerans liées aux changements environnementaux - - EXTRA-MU2011 - ANR-11-CEPL-0007 - CEP&S - VALID, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), and Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC)

Subjects
Buruli ulcer, Stable and Local Reservoirs of Mycobacterium ulcerans Inferred from the Nonrandom Distribution of Bacterial Genotypes, Benin, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Distribution (economics), 0302 clinical medicine, Genotype, Benin, 030212 general & internal medicine, bacteria, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], biology, Ecology, genetic diversity, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 3. Good health, Phylogeography, Infectious Diseases, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Water Microbiology, geospatial model, DNA, Bacterial, Microbiology (medical), 030231 tropical medicine, Nigeria, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, mutational profiling, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Genotyping, 030304 developmental biology, Disease Reservoirs, Genetic diversity, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Tropical disease, 15. Life on land, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, genotyping, genomic analysis, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, business
Abstract

International audience; Mycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of Buruli ulcer, a neglected tropical disease found in rural areas of West and Central Africa. Despite the ongoing efforts to tackle Buruli ulcer epidemics, the environmental reservoir of its pathogen remains elusive, underscoring the need for new approaches to improving disease prevention and management. In our study, we implemented a local-scale spatial clustering model and deciphered the genetic diversity of the bacteria in a small area of Benin where Buruli ulcer is endemic. Using 179 strain samples from West Africa, we conducted a phylogeographic analysis combining whole-genome sequencing with spatial scan statistics. The 8 distinct genotypes we identified were by no means randomly spread over the studied area. Instead, they were divided into 3 different geographic clusters, associated with landscape characteristics. Our results highlight the ability of M. ulcerans to evolve independently and differentially depending on location in a specific ecologic reservoir.

Published
2020

46. A case of Ureaplasma parvum meningitis in an adult after transphenoidal ablation of craniopharyngioma

Author

Carole Lemarié, Hélène Pailhoriès, Matthieu Eveillard, Sabine Pereyre, Marie Kempf, Rachel Chenouard, Cécile Bébéar, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Senescence Escape and Soluble Markers of Cancer Progression (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 12), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), USC IHMC - Infections humaines à mycoplasmes et à chlamydiae, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], animal diseases, medicine.medical_treatment, 030106 microbiology, DNA, Ribosomal, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ureaplasma, Meningitis, Bacterial, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Craniopharyngioma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Pituitary Neoplasms, Meningitis, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, business.industry, Ureaplasma Infections, immunocompetent patient, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Ablation, 3. Good health, Postoperative infections, Infectious Diseases, Ureaplasma parvum, Complication, business, Surgical ablation
Abstract

We report the case of a Ureaplasma parvum meningitis in an immunocompetent patient, 17 days after surgical ablation of a craniopharyngioma. Presence of U. parvum in the cerebrospinal fluid was assessed by 16S rDNA sequencing and U. parvum specific PCR. This article details a surprising complication in an adult of a transphenoidal surgery for ablation of a craniopharyngioma. This is the first case, to our knowledge, of U. parvum meningitis in an adult patient. Keywords: Ureaplasma parvum, Meningitis, Immunocompetent patient, Postoperative infections

Published
2019

48. Caractéristiques cliniques des bactériémies et endocardites dues à Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Author

Marie Kempf, C. Porcher, M. de la Chapelle, Vincent Dubée, P. Holescka, P. Danneels, Colin Deschanvres, and R. Courtois

Subjects
Infectious Diseases
Abstract

Introduction Staphylococcus lugdunensis (SL) se distingue parmi les staphylocoques a coagulase negative par sa virulence, proche de celle de Staphylococcus aureus. Sa detection dans une hemoculture peut donc a la fois traduire une contamination et une veritable infection, meme chez des patients communautaires. Le premier objectif de cette etude etait de determiner la proportion des hemocultures positives a SL correspondant a une contamination, a une endocardite (EI) ou a une bacteriemie simple. Le second objectif etait de decrire les caracteristiques cliniques des EI dues a SL. Materiels et methodes Nous avons realise une etude descriptive retrospective, dans 5 centres. Nous avons inclus tous les episodes d’hemoculture positive a S. lugdunensis entre 2010 et 2020. Les episodes pour lesquels une seule hemoculture etait positive, et pour lesquels il n’y avait pas de signe d’infection ou pour lesquels un diagnostic alternatif expliquait le tableau clinique, etaient classes comme « contamination ». Les episodes etaient classes comme « endocardite » (EI) s’ils repondaient aux criteres d’EI certaine selon la classification de Duke. Les infections de stimulateur intracardiaque sans atteinte valvulaire etaient rapportees separement. Les autres episodes etaient classes « bacteriemie ». Les dossiers pour lesquels il n’y avait pas suffisamment de donnees pour se prononcer etaient exclus. Les dossiers douteux, dont ceux remplissant les criteres d’endocardite probable, etaient examines par un comite d’adjudication et reclasses dans l’une des categories mentionnees precedemment. Resultats Nous avons inclus 148 episodes d’hemocultures positives a SL chez 148 patients; 3 episodes ont ete exclus en raison de donnees insuffisantes, 46 correspondaient a des contaminations (31 %), 74 a des bacteriemies (50 %), 24 (16 %) a des EI (dont 23 EI certaines selon la classification de Duke), et 1 a une infection de pacemaker sans atteinte valvulaire. Le delai median de positivite de la premiere hemoculture etait de 15 (rang interquartile [RIQ] 12-20), 19 (RIQ 15-24) et 22 (RIQ 19-26) heures pour les contaminations, bacteriemies et EI, respectivement (p = 0.005, test de Kruskall-Wallis). Quatorze (10/74) et 8 % (2/24) des patients presentant une bacteriemie et une EI, respectivement, ont presente un choc septique au diagnostic. Les patients atteints d’EI etaient de sexe masculin dans 67 % des cas (16/24) et d’âge median 75 (RIQ 62-86) ans. Neuf de ces 24 patients (38 %) etaient porteurs de materiel etranger intracardiaque (7 bioprotheses, 2 protheses mecaniques). La prise en charge comprenait une chirurgie cardiaque chez 9 patients sur 24 (38 %). La mortalite hospitaliere etait de 29 % (7/24). Conclusion Dans cette etude portant sur 148 episodes d’hemocultures positives a SL, plus de deux episodes sur trois relevaient d’une veritable infection. Les EI a SL survenaient majoritairement sur valve native.

Published
2021

49. Mouse model of colonization of the digestive tract with Acinetobacter baumannii and subsequent pneumonia

Author

Matthieu Eveillard, Angélique Godefroy, Silvie Pavlickova, Marie Kempf, Viviane Cassisa, Noémie Coron, Estelle Marion, Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou, Hélène Pailhoriès, and Laurent Marsollier

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Neutropenia, 030106 microbiology, Penicillanic Acid, Spleen, Microbiology, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Pneumonia, Bacterial, medicine, Animals, Colonization, Lung, Immunosuppression Therapy, Piperacillin, Gastrointestinal tract, Acinetobacter, biology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Acinetobacter baumannii, Gastrointestinal Tract, Disease Models, Animal, Pneumonia, Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination, medicine.anatomical_structure, Bacterial Translocation, Immunology, Acinetobacter Infections, medicine.drug
Abstract

Aim: Implementing a mouse model of Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) digestive colonization and studying the propensity of an intestinal reservoir of AB to be at the origin of pneumonia. Materials & methods: After a disruption of the digestive flora by piperacillin–tazobactam, two multidrug-resistant AB strains were intranasally inoculated to two cohorts of ten mice daily. For each strain, five mice were rendered transiently neutropenic. Results & conclusion: One strain persisted several weeks in the digestive tract, even after stopping piperacillin–tazobactam injections, leading to the hypothesis that some AB strains can authentically colonize the gut. Most of the immunocompromised mice experienced clinical signs and positive lung cultures, which were associated with positive spleen cultures, an argument in favor of bacterial translocation.

Published
2017

50. High prevalence of contamination of sink drains with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in 4 intensive care units apart from any epidemic context

Author

Rafael Mahieu, Achille Kouatchet, Marie Kempf, Carole Lemarié, Matthieu Eveillard, Pamela Holecska, Maxime Corre, Laura Onillon, Sigismond Lasocki, C. Legeay, Laboratoire de Bactériologie [CHU Angers], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Unité de prévention et de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales [CHU Angers], Service de médecine intensive - réanimation et médecine hyperbare [CHU Angers], ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Service de Réanimation Chirurgicale [CHU Angers], Bernardo, Elizabeth, and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)

Subjects
Carbapenem resistant bacteria, Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, Epidemiology, Hospitalized patients, Resistance genes, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Sink (geography), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Intensive care, Environmental health, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Environmental reservoir, 0303 health sciences, geography, High prevalence, geography.geographical_feature_category, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Contamination, Carbapenem-resistant bacteria, Polymerase chain reaction, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Critical care, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, Carriage, Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Equipment Contamination, Sanitary Engineering, business
Abstract

International audience; We report a high prevalence (28%) of sink drains contaminated with carbapenemase-producing Enterobac-teriaceae (CPE) in 4 intensive care units with a history of CPE carriage in hospitalized patients within the previous 5 years, but apart from any current epidemic context. Carbapenemase genes, particularly bla VIM and bla NDM , were identified by polymerase chain reaction in sink drains in which no CPE was detected, but very few data are available in the literature concerning their presence in sink drains.

Published
2019

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results