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1. Biomass of ryegrass from field experiments: toward a cost-effective and efficient biosourced catalyst for the synthesis of Moclobemide

Author

Marie Hechelski, Christophe Waterlot, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Brice Louvel, Adam Daïch, and Alina Ghinet

Subjects
field experiment, ryegrass, biosourced catalyst, moclobemide, aminolysis, Science, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Lolium perenne L., a common plant perennial ryegrass from Europe, northern Africa and Asia, was selected to produce biomass under field conditions. The biomass of this nonfood crop was from a highly contaminated agricultural soil by potentially toxic metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) with the aim of maintaining the agricultural vocation of these soils. In this perspective and in view of the metal concentration (Cd, Pb, Zn, macro- and micro-nutrients), the biomass of ryegrass was considered as a bio 'ore' resource and was used as the starting material for the preparation of contemporary biosourced catalysts. The heterogeneous catalyst from the current work was successfully used in the synthesis of Moclobemide, used to treat anxiety and major depressive episodes. Through this original approach, Moclobemide was synthesized in one step, in 80% yield under solvent-free conditions.

Published
2021
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2. Biomass of ryegrass from field experiments: toward a cost-effective and efficient biosourced catalyst for the synthesis of Moclobemide

Author

Alina Ghinet, Marie Hechelski, Adam Daïch, Brice Louvel, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Christophe Waterlot, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)

Subjects
biosourced catalyst, ryegrass, Perennial plant, Field experiment, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Lolium perenne, moclobemide, Crop, lcsh:Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, lcsh:Science, 2. Zero hunger, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, General Chemistry, aminolysis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, Agronomy, field experiment, lcsh:QD1-999, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology, Field conditions
Abstract

ACL; Lolium perenne L., a common plant perennial ryegrass from Europe, northern Africa and Asia, was selected to produce biomass under field conditions. The biomass of this nonfood crop was from a highly contaminated agricultural soil by potentially toxic metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) with the aim of maintaining the agricultural vocation of these soils. In this perspective and in view of the metal concentration (Cd, Pb, Zn, macro- and micro-nutrients), the biomass of ryegrass was considered as a bio ’ore’ resource and was used as the starting material for the preparation of contemporary biosourced catalysts. The heterogeneous catalyst from the current work was successfully used in the synthesis of Moclobemide, used to treat anxiety and major depressive episodes. Through this original approach, Moclobemide was synthesized in one step, in 80% yield under solvent-free conditions.

Published
2021

5. New Efficient Eco‐Friendly Supported Catalysts for the Synthesis of Amides with Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Properties

Author

Alina Ghinet, Rogatien Charlet, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Samir Jawhara, Christophe Waterlot, Adam Daïch, Marie Hechelski, Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université Lille 2 - Faculté de Médecine, Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture [Université catholique, Lille] (ISA), Université Le Havre Normandie - UFR Sciences et Techniques (ULHN UFR ST), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], and The authors thank the Fondation de la Catho de Lille (France), Yncréa Hauts‐de‐France, and the University of Le Havre Normandy for financial support of this work and technical help and facilities.

Subjects
Green chemistry, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Catalysis, Cell Line, chemistry.chemical_compound, Aminolysis, Chlorides, Cell Movement, Amide, Drug Discovery, Organometallic Compounds, medicine, Humans, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Reactive oxygen species, Molecular Structure, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, green chemistry, idrocilamide, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Macrophages, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Organic Chemistry, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, Environmentally friendly, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, amides, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, antioxidants, Ethanolamines, Zinc Compounds, eco-catalysts, Bentonite, Molecular Medicine, Reactive Oxygen Species, Idrocilamide
Abstract

International audience; A new environmentally friendly approach for the synthesis of idrocilamide (1), a marketed myorelaxant and anti-inflammatory agent, is reported herein. The synthetic strategy involves a solvent-free aminolysis reaction catalyzed by zinc-containing species (ZnCl2 , montmorillonite K10 (MK10) impregnated with ZnCl2 or eco-catalysts). The latter have been prepared from the aerial parts of Lolium perenne L. plants grown on contaminated soils from northern France without and with thermal activation at 120 °C and supported on MK10 (Ecocat1 and Ecocat2, respectively). The best aminolysis catalysts in the current study (ZnCl2 and Ecocat2) were selected for additional aminolyses. Compared to ZnCl2 , Ecocat2 had the advantage of being reusable over five test runs and constituted a sustainable catalyst allowing a green route to idrocilamide. Synthesized derivatives 1-4, 6 and 9 were first evaluated for their effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation from macrophages and displayed antioxidant properties by preventing ROS production. Next, the analysis of the effect of molecules 1-4, 6 and 9 on macrophage migration between epithelial cells to human opportunistic fungus Candida albicans indicated that molecules 2-4, 6 and 9 exert anti-inflammatory properties via reducing macrophage migration while the parent idrocilamide (1) did not show any significant effect. This work opens the way for the discovery of new analogues of idrocilamide with improved properties.

Published
2020

6. Toward a New Way for the Valorization of Miscanthus Biomass Produced on Metal-Contaminated Soils Part 1: Mesocosm and Field Experiments

Author

Christophe Waterlot, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Alina Ghinet, Brice Louvel, Marie Hechelski, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)

Subjects
metal, Geography, Planning and Development, Biomass, chemistry.chemical_element, TJ807-830, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, engineering.material, TD194-195, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, Mesocosm, Soil management, Nutrient, GE1-350, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, Phosphorus, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Miscanthus, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, fertilizer, Bioavailability, Environmental sciences, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, miscanthus, Fertilizer, soil management
Abstract

The effects of P-fertilizers (mono- and di-calcium phosphates) on the bioavailability of metals and nutrients in leaves and stems of Miscanthus &times, giganteus were studied in mesocosm and field experiments in order to propose a new way for the valorization of miscanthus biomass. The concentration of potentially toxic elements was generally higher in stems than in leaves. Although P-fertilizers were added to contaminated soils under sustainable conditions (from 0.022% to 0.026% w/w), the average of leaf and stem biomass generally increased in the presence of P-fertilizers due to the changes in the speciation of phosphorus. Leaves of the investigated miscanthus may be of great interest as a catalyst in organic chemistry, since the Ca concentration was up to 9000 mg kg&minus, 1 DW. Stems represent a potential biomass that can be used as renewable resource of Lewis acids, currently used in organic syntheses (the sum of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Mg, Si and Al was near 1000 mg kg&minus, 1 DW). The percentage of Cd and Pb in leaves and stems of miscanthus did not significantly change with P-fertilizers. Depending on the mesocosm and field experiments, it ranged from 0.004% to 0.016% and from 0.009% and 0.034% for Cd in leaves and stems, respectively, and from 0.004% to 0.015% and from 0.009% and 0.033% for Pb in leaves and stems, respectively.

Published
2020

7. Benefits of Ryegrass on Multicontaminated Soils Part 2: A Green Process to Provide Idrocilamide

Author

Brice Louvel, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Adam Daïch, Marie Hechelski, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - ULR 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], The authors warmly thank the 'Fondation de la Catho de Lille, France' and Yncréa Hauts-de-France for the financial support of this work., DAICH, ADAM, Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - ULR 7394 (ICV), JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Green chemistry, biosourced catalyst, ryegrass, synthesis, [CHIM.THER] Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Geography, Planning and Development, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Catalysis, metrics, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Calcination, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, green chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, [CHIM.CATA] Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, Contamination, [CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, Environmental chemistry, Yield (chemistry), Shoot, Soil water, Idrocilamide
Abstract

A restoration of highly contaminated garden soil is proposed as a greener alternative to the production of vegetables. Depending on potentially toxic elements and their concentration, ryegrass shoots accumulate these elements in sufficient quantity to be used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. The analysis of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Al in ashes issued from the calcination of ryegrass shoots revealed that the concentration of Zn was highest (&gt, 7000 mg kg&ndash, 1). The ratios between potential Lewis acids (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Al) to carcinogenic metals (Cd or Pb) were 191 &plusmn, 7 for LA/Cd and 235 &plusmn, 13 for LA/Pb, making the shoots of ryegrass suitable for the production of Zn-rich polymetallic biosourced catalysts. This material was used in the synthesis of idrocilamide under free-solvent condition, providing the drug in a good yield (69.9%). Data show that a limitation of waste, a maximization of the material incorporation in the process, a minimization of the steps, and an optimization of the stoichiometric factor are the main innovative factors in the current process in comparison with those previously reported.

Published
2019

8. Can we rely on the soil seed bank for restoring xeric sandy calcareous grasslands?

Author

Fabienne Van Rossum, Marie Hechelski, Sarah Le Pajolec, and Sandrine Godefroid

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Ecology, Agronomy, Soil seed bank, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental science, Deserts and xeric shrublands, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Calcareous, Restoration ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Published
2017

9. A sustainable approach to manage metal-contaminated soils: a preliminary greenhouse study for the possible production of metal-enriched ryegrass biomass for biosourced catalysts

Author

Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Marie Hechelski, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Brice Louvel, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - EA 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Normandie Université (NU), Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), The authors warmly thank the 'Fondation de la Catho de Lille, France' and Yncréa Hauts-de-France for the financial support of this work., Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA)

Subjects
Chemical Phenomena, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Potassium, chemistry.chemical_element, Biomass, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Phosphates, 12. Responsible consumption, Soil, Nutrient, Metals, Heavy, Lolium, Humans, Soil Pollutants, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Ecotoxicology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Metal, Phosphorus, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, Sustainable Development, 15. Life on land, Contamination, Pollution, Zinc, Biodegradation, Environmental, Lead, Amendments, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Renewable resource, Shoot, Soil water, Environmental Pollution, Ryegrass, Copper, Cadmium
Abstract

International audience; Two kitchen garden soils (A and B) sampled in contaminated areas were amended using phosphates in sustainable quantities in order to reduce the environmental availability of potentially toxic inorganic elements (PTEs) and to favour the availability of alkali, alkali earth and micronutrients. The environmental availability of PTEs was evaluated using a potential plant for revegetation of contaminated soils (ryegrass) and a mixture of low molecular weight organic acids. Despite the highest contamination level of B, the concentration of metals was highest in the ryegrass shoots grown on A for the two harvests. These results correlated well with those obtained using low molecular weight organic acids for Cd, Zn and Cu, whereas this mixture failed to represent the transfer of nutrients due to the presence of biological and physiological mechanisms. The statistical differences between the biomass of ryegrass obtained at the first and the second harvests were attributed to the decrease of available potassium, implicated in the growth and development of plants. Phosphates increased the ratios Zn/Cd, Zn/Pb and Zn/Cu up to 176 ± 48, 38 ± 6 and 80 ± 12, respectively, and made possible the reduction of the concentration of Cd and Pb in the shoots of ryegrass by 22% and 25%, respectively. The concentration of Zn in the shoots of ryegrass from the first and the second harvests grown on soil A were in the range 1050–2000 mg kg−1, making this plant a potential biomass to (i) produce biosourced catalysts for organic chemistry applications in a circular economy concept and (ii) limit human exposure to commercial Lewis acids. A preliminary application was identified. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Published
2019

10. An innovative and efficient method to synthesize meloxicam in one-step procedure with respect to the green chemistry

Author

Adam Daïch, Marie Hechelski, Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), The authors warmly thank Yncréa Hauts-de-France and the 'Fondation de La Catho de Lille' for their financial support of this study in the frame of « Matériaux Verts Fonctionnels » program (P.D.’s and M. H.’s PhD scholarships)., Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Green chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, business.industry, One-Step, General Chemistry, Mass efficiency, 010402 general chemistry, Heterogeneous catalysis, Meloxicam, 01 natural sciences, Heterogeneous catalyst, 0104 chemical sciences, Scientific method, Atom economy, Yield (chemistry), medicine, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Metrics, Process engineering, business, Montmorillonite K10, medicine.drug, Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; An improved procedure for the synthesis of meloxicam drug (methyl 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazol-2-amine-3-carboxylate 1,1-dioxide) was described in one-step using mainly impregnated montmorillonite K10 (MK10) with ZnCl 2 as a heterogeneous catalyst. This innovative method was compared to the last described procedure employed in the manufacture of this anti-inflammatory drug by means of some metrics used in a first step of the evaluation process of the environmental impact of a chemical transformation. Apart from the yield, which was 90%, atom economy, waste, environmental factor, reaction mass efficiency and stoichiometric factor were calculated as 91.6%, 8.4%, 0, 8.1% and 1%, respectively. Interpretation of these metrics was given and highlighted the fact that the strategy used in the current study may be considered as an environmental-friendly and sustainable method that fits well in the green chemistry concepts. © 2018, Iranian Chemical Society.

Published
2019

11. Benefits of Ryegrass on Multicontaminated Soils Part 1: Effects of Fertilizers on Bioavailability and Accumulation of Metals

Author

Marie Hechelski, Christophe Waterlot, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)

Subjects
Geography, Planning and Development, Amendment, TJ807-830, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, Nutrient, GE1-350, phosphorus, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, amendment, Phosphorus, nutrient, fungi, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Soil contamination, 6. Clean water, Bioavailability, Environmental sciences, Phytoremediation, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, contaminated soil, Soil water, Shoot, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, ryegrass bioavailability, metal transition
Abstract

Effects of three phosphorus fertilizers on the shoot biomass and on the accumulation of alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metals in the shoots and roots of ryegrass were studied with two contaminated garden soils. Phosphates were added in sustainable quantities in order to reduce the environmental availability of carcinogenic metals (e.g., Cd and Pb) and to enhance the bioavailability of alkali and alkaline earth metals as well as micronutrients needed by plants. Addition of Ca(H2PO4)2 was the most convenient way to (i) limit the concentration of Cd and Pb, (ii) keep constant the transfer of macro- and micronutrient from the soil to the ryegrass shoots, (iii) decrease the availability of metals, and (iv) increase the ratio values between potential Lewis acids and Cd or Pb in order to produce biosourced catalysis. For instance, the real phytoavailability was reduced by 27%&ndash, 57% and 64.2%&ndash, 94.8% for Cd and Pb, respectively. Interestingly, the real phytoavailability of Zn was the highest in the least contaminated soils. Even if soils were highly contaminated, no visual toxicity symptoms were recorded in the growing ryegrasses. This indicates that ryegrass is suitable for the revegetation of contaminated gardens. To promote the sustainable ryegrass production on contaminated soils for production of new organic fragrance and drugs in green processes according to REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals) regulation, two processes should be recommended: assisted phytostabilization of the elements, and then assisted phytoextraction by using chelators.

Published
2019

12. Effects of Calcium Phosphates on the (Im)Mobilization of Metals and Nutrients, on the Biological Activity and on the Plant Health from Multi-contaminated Urban Soils

Author

Brice Louvel, Marie Hechelski, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - EA 4515 (LGCgE), IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), The authors warmly thank the ‘Fondation de la Catho de Lille, France’ and Yncréa Hauts-de-France for the financial support of this work, The authors warmly thank Dr. Elisabeth Gross for her assistance in the implementation of the protocol on the determination of pigment contents in plants., Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), JUNIA (JUNIA), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Calcium, 01 natural sciences, Lolium perenne, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nutrient, Environmental Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Monocalcium phosphate, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Compost, Ecological Modeling, Phosphorus, food and beverages, Nutrients, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Soil contamination, 6. Clean water, Microbes, chemistry, Calcium phosphates, 13. Climate action, Metals, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, engineering, Ryegrass, Biomarkers
Abstract

International audience; Two smelters in the North of France emitted potentially toxic metals for more than a century and today, the resulting contamination represents a risk to human health and affects also the biodiversity. To limit health risks and to improve the soil quality, a study using calcium phosphates (monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate and a mixture of both salts) and Lolium perenne L was conducted. Through this preliminary investigation, we will try to shed some light about (i) the effects of a sustainable amount of calcium phosphates on the agronomic, biological (microbial and fungi communities) and physiological parameters (chlorophyll a and b, antocyanins, carotenoids) as well as the phytoavailability of potentially toxic metals and nutrients in time, and (ii) the potential use of contaminated biomass from ryegrass as a source of new valorisation ways instead of using it as contaminated compost by gardeners. Although slight variations in pH and significant increases of assimilable phosphorus after adding calcium phosphates were registered, the physiology of plants and the biological parameters were statistically unchanged. The germination of the ryegrass seeds was favoured with calcium phosphates regardless the contamination level of the studied soils. No clear effects of calcium phosphates on the microbial and fungi communities were detected. In contrast, results indicated relationships between the physicochemical parameters of soils, their contamination level and the composition of fungal communities. Indeed, for one of the soils studied, calcium could limit the transport of nutrients, causing an increase in fungi to promote again the transfer of nutrients. Surprisingly, the phytoavailability of Pb increased in the most contaminated soil after adding dicalcium phosphate and the mixture of phosphates whereas a slight decrease was highlighted for Cd and Mn. Although minor changes in the phytoavailability of potentially toxic metals were obtained using calcium phosphates, the ability of ryegrass to accumulate Zn and Ca (up to 600 and 20,000 mg kg−1, respectively) make possible to qualify this plant as a bio ‘ore’ resource. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Published
2019

13. The potential of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to clean up multi-contaminated soils from labile and phytoavailable potentially toxic elements to contribute into a circular economy

Author

Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Brice Louvel, Marie Hechelski, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - EA 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Normandie Université (NU), Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV)

Subjects
Resource, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Marketable biomass, Amendment, Biomass, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Plant Roots, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Lolium perenne, 12. Responsible consumption, Lolium, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Rhizosphere, biology, Toxicity, Compost, Chemistry, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Soil contamination, Phytoremediation, Biodegradation, Environmental, Heavy metals, Metals, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, engineering
Abstract

International audience; Aided phytoremediation was studied for 48 weeks with the aim of reducing extractable and phytoavailable toxic elements and producing potential marketable biomass. In this sense, biomass of ryegrass was produced under greenhouse on two contaminated garden soils that have been amended with two successive additions of phosphates. After the first addition of phosphates, seeds of ryegrass were sown and shoots were harvested twice. A second seedling was performed after carefully mixing the roots from the first production (used as compost), soils and phosphates. Forty-eight weeks after starting the experiments, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn extracted using the rhizosphere-based method were generally lower than those measured before the addition of phosphates and cultivation (except for Pb and Fe in the most contaminated soil). The concentrations of metals in the shoots of ryegrass from the second production were lower than those from the first (except for Al). The best results were obtained with phosphates and were the most relevant in the lowest contaminated soil, demonstrating that the available metal concentrations have to be taken into account in the management of contaminated soils. In view of the concentration of metals defined as carcinogens, mutagens, and reprotoxics (e.g., Cd, Pb) and those capable to be transformed into Lewis acids (e.g., Zn, Fe), the utilization of ryegrass in the revegetation of contaminated soils and in risk management may be a new production of marketable biomass. The development of phytomanagement in combination with this type of biomass coincided with the view that contaminated soils can still represent a valuable resource that should be used sustainably. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Published
2019

14. From Conventional Lewis Acids to Heterogeneous Montmorillonite K10 Eco-Friendly Plant-Based Catalysts Used as Green Lewis Acids

Author

Alina Ghinet, Brice Louvel, Christophe Waterlot, Adam Daïch, Marie Hechelski, Benoît Rigo, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), JUNIA (JUNIA), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), We warmly thank the 'Fondation de la Catho de Lille, France', Yncréa Hauts‐de‐France, for financial support of this work. We are also grateful to the scientific commission of 'Université Le Havre‐Normandie' and IN3CM CNRS‐FR 3038 from 'Normandie Université' for technical help., Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Green chemistry, biomass, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, green chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Plant based, 010402 general chemistry, Heterogeneous catalysis, 01 natural sciences, Environmentally friendly, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, General Energy, Montmorillonite, heterogeneous catalysis, Homogeneous, Environmental Chemistry, Organic chemistry, Lewis acids, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Lewis acids and bases, supported catalysts
Abstract

International audience; The concept of green chemistry began in the USA in the 1990s. Since the publication of the 12 principles of this concept, many reactions in organic chemistry have been developed, and chemical products have been synthesized under environmentally friendly conditions. Lewis acid mediated synthetic transformations are by far the most numerous and best studied. However, the use of certain Lewis acids may cause risks to environmental and human health. This Review discusses the evolution of Lewis acid catalyzed reactions from a homogeneous liquid phase to the solid phase to yield the expected organic molecules under green, safe conditions. In particular, recent developments and applications of biosourced catalysts from plants are highlighted. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Published
2018

15. An original approach in green chemistry: From assisted-phytoremediation of contaminated soil to upcycling of plant biomass for biosourced catalyst production

Author

Marie Hechelski, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Brice Louvel, Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), and DUPRE, Elena

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

ACTI; International audience; A kitchen garden soil was sampled in a contaminated urban area located in the north of France. Samples were air-dried and crushed to pass through a 10-mm stainless steel sieve. Due to the high heterogeneity of garden soils in the studied area, much attention have been paid on the homogeneity of soil samples. After this step, the mass of sampled soils (48 kg) was divided to obtain four subsamples Each of them was divided in six replicates, unamended or amended using dicalcium phosphate (DCP) or monocalcium phosphate (MCP) or a mixture of these two compounds (MxP=75%DCP+25%MCP) The phosphorous amendments were added into the soil in small quantity (0.02 %) with the aim at reducing the environmental availability of carcinogenic metals and to increase the Zn availability (Figure 1) After the stabilisation period (2 months) in a greenhouse, 1 5 g of ryegrass seeds (Lolium perenne L.) were sown in the 24 containers. Eight weeks after sowing, ryegrass shoots were harvested, oven-dried at 40 °C and calcined at 500 °C in a muffle furnace (Nabertherm P330, Lilienthal, Germany).

Published
2018

16. Phytomanagement of contaminated soils by potentially toxic metals in urban areas: A new approach combining sustainable amount of phosphates and ryegrass

Author

Marie Hechelski, Brice Louvel, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, DUPRE, Elena, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

ACTN; International audience

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