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Bacteriocin activity of fractions obtained during first purification steps of Gassericin E through C2/C18 reverse-phase chromatography. The numbers in the plate indicate the fractions assayed. The black arrow indicates the putative complementary activity between different fractions, i.e, between fractions 16–17 and 24–25, which is most probably due to the diffusion and mixing of complementary active peptides. L. gasseri Lc9 was used as the indicator strain. (PDF 98 kb)

Schematic representation of the locus for Gassericin E (GasE) production of L. gasseri EV1461 and comparison with the locus involved in the production of other similar L. gasseri bacteriocins. Incomplete orfs are indicated with an asterisk. In L. gasseri JV-03 and K7, the putative genes associated to a locus tag were shown in brackets. GeneBank accession numbers and references for these strains are: L. gasseri SBT2055 ([21]; AB029612); L. gasseri LA158 ([40]; AB710328); L. gasseri LF221 ([37]; AY297947); L. gasseri K7 ([38]; AY307382); L. gasseri K7 genome ([53]; ASRG02000002); L. gasseri JV-03 (Unpublished; ACGO02000001); L. gasseri G7 ([57]; KF724911). (PDF 183 kb)

Streptococcus salivarius is a commensal species commonly found in the human oropharyngeal tract. Some strains of this species have been developed for use as oral probiotics, while others have been associated with a variety of opportunistic human infections. Here, we report the complete sequence of strain PS4, which was isolated from breast milk of a healthy woman. © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. This study was partly supported by the FUN-C-FOOD (Consolider- Ingenio 2010) and AGL2010-15420 projects from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain).

Comunicación presentadas en la 6ª reunión de la Red temática BAL (Participación de las Bacterias Lácticas en la Salud Humana y en la Calidad Alimentaria), celebrada el 28 y 29 de junio de 2012 en Tarragona.

III Jornadas Internacionales de la Aceituna de Mesa = III International Table Olive Conference, San Lucar la Mayor 10-11 marzo, 2010., [EN] Bacteriocin production has demonstrated to play an important role in Lactobacillus plantarum viability in olive fermentations. Such production has been shown to be regulated via a quorum-sensing mechanism involving a regulatory operon. To date, three regulated bacteriocin operons have been fully described in this species, i.e. plantaricin NC8, EF and JK, all of them consisting of two-peptide bacteriocins. Biosynthesis of these bacteriocins has been shown to be switched on through specific peptides called autoinducers and, in some strains, also by coculturing with specific bacterial strains. Here we report how these bacteriocin and regulatory operons are distributed among L. plantarum strains isolated from olive fermentations, and compared with strains isolated from other environments. Only the plantaricin EF operon and those genes involved in bacteriocin processing and transport were present in all of the strains studied. In contrast, plantaricin NC8 was not found in any of the strains. Two different regulatory operons were found, which were controlled by either of two specific autoinducers: plantaricin NC8IF or plantaricin A. Although harbouring bacteriocin genes, some of the strains did not produce bacteriocins, while in others bacteriocin production was induced by coculturing with specific Gram-positive bacterial strains., [ES] La producción de sustancias antimicrobianas denominadas bacteriocinas ha demostrado jugar un papel importante en la viabilidad de la especie bacteriana Lactobacillus plantarum en fermentaciones de aceitunas verdes al estilo español o sevillano. Tal producción de bacteriocinas ha mostrado estar regulada en la mayoría de los casos por un mecanismo de “quorum sensing” que implica un operón regulador específico. Hasta la fecha, tres diferentes operones de producción de bacteriocinas reguladas por este mecanismo han sido descritos en esta especie, a saber, plantaricina NC8, plantaricina EF y plantaricina JK, todos ellos consistentes en bacteriocinas de dos péptidos. Se ha demostrado que la biosíntesis de estas bacteriocinas se pone en marcha ante la presencia de péptidos específicos llamados autoinductores y, en algunas cepas, también mediante el cocultivo con cepas bacterianas específicas. En esta comunicación presentamos cómo estos operones, tanto de producción de bacteriocinas como de regulación de la misma, están distribuidos entre cepas de L. plantarum aisladas de fermentaciones de aceitunas, comparándolas con cepas de la misma especie aisladas de otros ambientes. Sólo el operón de la plantaricina EF y aquellos genes implicados en la maduradción y transporte de las bacteriocinas están presentes en todas las cepas estudiadas. En contraste, plantaricina NC8 no se encontró en ninguna de las cepas aisladas de fermentaciones de aceitunas. Se encontraron dos operones reguladores diferentes, que eran controlados por alguno de los dos autoinductores específicos asociados: PLNC8IF o plantaricina A. Aunque conteniendo genes de producción de bacteriocinas, algunas cepas no producían estos compuestos antimicrobianos, mientras que en otras cepas se encontró que la producción de bacteriocinas se podía inducir mediante el cocultivo con cepas específicas de bacterias Gram positivas. Para que una cepa de L. plantarum produzca bacteriocinas en un medio de cultivo líquido, tal como las salmueras de fermentación de aceitunas, es necesario que, 1.- La producción de bacteriocinas sea constitutiva. 2.- En caso de ser regulada por mecanismos de “quorum sensing”, que o bien se cultive en presencia del autoinductor específico o bien se cocultive junto con una cepa bacteriana inductora., This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology (MCYT) and the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (MEC) through the Projects AGL2003-00642 and AGL2006-00763, respectively.

[EN] The present invention relates to a novel bacterial strain (CECT 7531), which belongs to the Lactobacillus plantarum species, or any mutant strain thereof. The present invention likewise relates to the use of said strain for the production of carotenoids, for the manufacture of a probiotic food, or of a nutritional, vitamin or mineral supplement, and also a method for the production of carotenoids using said strain.ÿÿÿ, [ES] La presente invención se refiere a una nueva cepa bacteriana, CECT 7531, que pertenece a la especie Lactobacillus plantarum, o cualquier cepa mutante que proceda de la misma. La presente invención se refiere también al uso de dicha cepa para la producción de carotenoides, para la fabricación de un alimento probiótico, de un complemento nutricional, vitaminico o mineral, asi como un método para la producción de carotenoides mediante dicha cepa., Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), A1 Solicitud de patente con informe sobre el estado de la técnica

[EN] The present invention relates to a novel bacterial strain (CECT 7531), which belongs to the Lactobacillus plantarum species, or any mutant strain thereof. The present invention likewise relates to the use of said strain for the production of carotenoids, for the manufacture of a probiotic food, or of a nutritional, vitamin or mineral supplement, and also a method for the production of carotenoids using said strain.ÿÿÿ [ES] La presente invención se refiere a una nueva cepa bacteriana, CECT 7531, que pertenece a la especie Lactobacillus plantarum, o cualquier cepa mutante que proceda de la misma. La presente invención se refiere también al uso de dicha cepa para la producción de carotenoides, para la fabricación de un alimento probiótico, de un complemento nutricional, vitaminico o mineral, asi como un método para la producción de carotenoides mediante dicha cepa. Peer reviewed Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España) A1 Solicitud de patente con informe sobre el estado de la técnica

Bacteriocin production in many lactic acid bacteria is controlled by specific peptides called autoinducers (AIPs) via a sophisticated mechanism which senses cell density and is known as quorum sensing (QS).

Antibacterial resistance (ABR) is a major public health threat. An important accelerating factor is treatment-seeking behaviours, including inappropriate antibiotic (AB) use. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) this includes taking ABs with and without prescription sourced from various providers, including health facilities and community drug sellers. However, investigations of complex treatment-seeking, AB use and drug resistance in LMICs are scarce. The Holistic Approach to Unravel Antibacterial Resistance in East Africa (HATUA) Consortium collected questionnaire and microbiological data from 6,827 adult outpatients with urinary tract infection (UTI)-like symptoms presenting at healthcare facilities in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Among 6,388 patients we analysed patterns of self-reported treatment seeking behaviours ('patient pathways') using process mining and single-channel sequence analysis. Of those with microbiologically confirmed UTI (n=1,946), we used logistic regression to assessed the relationship between treatment seeking behaviour, AB use, and likelihood of having a multi-drug resistant (MDR) UTI. The most common treatment pathways for UTI-like symptoms included attending health facilities, rather than other providers (e.g. drug sellers). Patients from the sites sampled in Tanzania and Uganda, where prevalence of MDR UTI was over 50%, were more likely to report treatment failures, and have repeated visits to clinics/other providers, than those from Kenyan sites, where MDR UTI rates were lower (33%). There was no strong or consistent relationship between individual AB use and risk of MDR UTI, after accounting for country context. The results highlight challenges East African patients face in accessing effective UTI treatment. These challenges increase where rates of MDR UTI are higher, suggesting a reinforcing circle of failed treatment attempts and sustained selection for drug resistance. Whilst individual behaviours may contribute to the risk of MDR UTI, our data show that factors related to context are stronger drivers of ABR., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest None