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Thyroid cancer usually responds to surgical and ablative therapy, but when it's refractory the alternative lies in tyrosine kinase inhibitors that, in addition to harmful side effects, acts only in a palliative way. The concern for other therapeutic possibilities brought evidence on flavonoids, hypothesizing a possible strategy. This review aimed to organize a compilation of in vitro studies using polyphenol substances in TPC-1 (human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line) summarizing it's results and describing the metabolic pathways involved. Articles were selected on PubMed, Google Scholar, LILACS, BVS and SciELO, using keywords “thyroid cancer”, “flavonoids” and “TPC-1”, until June 2022. 185 studies were selected. After identification and exclusion of duplicates and exclusion criteria applied, 11 original articles were evaluated. Of these, the findings of flavonoids added to TPC-1 were: inhibition of cell growth and viability, promotion of cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Polyphenolic compounds have antineoplastic properties by different mechanisms as shown in vitro, but the concentrations needed are above usual dietary consumption and the findings are limited to experimental cellular studies. Despite that, these results should be useful to guide further analysis aiming to reveal the real safety and efficacy of polyphenols in this scenario.

The risk of development of breast cancer in patients that present salivary gland tumors has been discussed since 1968. However, it was not found a common causal factor, responsible for this association. The authors report a case of papillary parotid adenocarcinoma on the right side in an 85 year-oldpatient, who also had a concomitant ductal invasive breast carcinoma in the same side as the parotid neoplasm. Clinically, there was information of malignancy in both lesions, in the parotid and in the breast. The diagnosis was confirmed by citology of the parotid tumor and histology (biopsy) of the breast cancer. The initial idea was to perform a parotidectomy plus modified unilateral cervical dissection and mastectomy for the breast cancer. The patient has refused to the mastectomy procedure. She has only accepted surgery of the parotid gland. Total parotidectomy plus modified cervical dissection were performed and postoperatory radiotherapy and tamoxifen were used for the breast disead. There was a satisfactory response of the breast cancer, with consequent decrease of the disease. One year after the first surgery there was a recurrence of adenocarcinoma in the right parotid region. On this occasion, a new ressection of tumors was performed. It was done a classic neck dissection and deltoyd-great myocutaneos flap reconstruction. It was necessary this kind of reconstruction because there was tumor in the skin. Presently the patient been followed up at the outpatient clinic, without signs of local recurrence. The present case points at a possible relation to pre-existing factors that many exist, to justijy the tumors, according to authors mentioned in the literature. In a salivary gland tumor study with 521 patients (154 men and 367 women), 8 patients presented concomitant breast cancer (I men and 7 women), showing a relative risk ofl,3 (p

RESUMO Introdução: A lipoenxertia é uma alternativa com importante aplicabilidade para reconstrução de mama e/ou correções de assimetrias decorrentes do tratamento oncológico. Esta técnica consiste na transferência de gordura autóloga, cujo estroma contém células-tronco derivadas do tecido adiposo que tem capacidade de diferenciar-se em toda a linhagem mesodermal. Para o preparo do tecido adiposo, Coleman fundamentou a centrifugação, de material aspirado por seringa, em 3000 rotações por minuto (rpm) durante 3 minutos. Contudo, estudos questionam se velocidades menores de centrifugação poderiam ser menos deletérias para viabilidade celular. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo experimental, onde foram avaliadas as células adiposas de seis pacientes; a partir de 60mL de lipoaspirado de cada um. A amostra coletada foi fracionada em quatro tubos, e submetidos a diferentes protocolos, decantação e centrifugação nas velocidades 500, 1000 e 3000rpm por 3 minutos. Após as amostras foram processadas com colagenase IA por 30 min, submetidas ao cultivo celular por 24 horas e realizado a análise da viabilidade celular. Os resultados foram tabulados e analisados pelo teste ANOVA utilizando os programas Graphpad Prism 6.0® e SAS®. Resultados: A viabilidade celular foi maior na amostra celular centrifugada a 3000rpm e menor na amostra decantada. A coloração com Giemsa indicou manutenção da morfologia celular entre as amostras. Conclusão: As células centrifugadas na velocidade de 3000rpm apresentaram maior viabilidade celular. A centrifugação foi efetiva na compactação do tecido e eliminação de resíduos indesejados (sangue e óleo residual). ABSTRACT Introduction: Lipografting is an alternative with important applicability for breast reconstruction and/or corrections of asymmetries resulting from cancer treatment. This technique consists of autologous fat transfer, whose stroma contains stem cells derived from adipose tissue that can differentiate itself throughout the mesodermal lineage. For adipose tissue preparation, Coleman-based centrifugation of syringe-aspirated material at 3000 revolutions per minute (rpm) for 3 minutes. However, studies question whether lower centrifugation speeds could be less harmful to cell viability. Methods: An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the adipose cells of six patients; from 60mL of liposuction of each one. The sample collected was fractionated into four tubes and submitted to different protocols, decanting and centrifugation at speeds 500, 1000, and 3000rpm for 3 minutes. Afterward, the samples were processed with collagenase IA for 30 min, submitted to cell culture for 24 hours, and a cell viability analysis. The results were tabulated and analyzed by the ANOVA test using the Graphpad Prism 6.0® and SAS®. Results: Cell viability was higher in the cell sample centrifuged at 3000rpm and lower in the decanted sample. Giemsa staining indicated maintenance of cell morphology on the samples. Conclusion: Centrifuged cells at a speed of 3000rpm showed higher cell viability. Centrifugation was effective in compacting tissue and eliminating unwanted waste (blood and residual oil).

Font matter of the Adjunct Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Media Experiences: IMX 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the trend of breast cancer mortality rates in women in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2000 and 2017. This is an ecological study carried out with death data from the Information System on Mortality and population data obtained from estimates made available by the Ministry of Health. Simple linear and polynomial regression models were used in the analysis. Between 2000 and 2017, 7,363 deaths from breast cancer were recorded in women aged 20 years or over. For the period, 47.5% of the total deaths occurred in the age group from 50 to 69 years (n=3,497). The average breast cancer mortality rate was 18.24/100,000 women (2000-2017). The average mortality coefficients exceeded 30 deaths/100,000 women aged 50 to 59 years, reaching 87.25/100,000 in the longest-lived. In the analysis of the trend, broken down by age groups, it was observed, in general, a non-constant linear increase in the period. The study revealed an increasing trend of mortality from breast cancer in women living in the state of Santa Catarina during the period and showed the magnitude of the increase in the mean coefficients according to the age groups considered. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la tendencia de las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer de mama en mujeres del estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, entre 2000 y 2017. Se trata de un estudio ecológico realizado con datos de defunción del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad y datos poblacionales obtenidos de estimaciones proporcionadas por el Ministerio de Salud. En el análisis se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal simple y polinomial. Entre 2000 y 2017 se registraron 7.363 muertes por cáncer de mama en mujeres de 20 años o más. Para el período en su conjunto, el 47,5% del total de defunciones se produjo en el grupo de edad de 50 a 69 años (n = 3.497). La tasa media de mortalidad por cáncer de mama fue de 18,24 / 100.000 mujeres (2000-2017). Los coeficientes medios de mortalidad superaron las 30 defunciones / 100.000 mujeres de 50 a 59 años, llegando a 87,25 / 100.000 en las más longevas. En el análisis de la tendencia, desagregando por grupos de edad, se observó, en general, un incremento lineal no constante en el período. El estudio reveló una tendencia creciente de mortalidad por cáncer de mama en mujeres residentes en el estado de Santa Catarina durante el período de estudio, y mostró la magnitud del aumento en los coeficientes medios según los grupos de edad considerados. Objetivou-se neste estudo analisar a tendência dos coeficientes de mortalidade por câncer de mama em mulheres no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, entre os anos de 2000 e 2017. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico realizado com dados de óbitos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e dados populacionais obtidos das estimativas disponibilizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Na análise foram usados modelos de regressão linear simples e polinomial. Entre os anos de 2000 e 2017, foram registrados 7.363 óbitos por câncer de mama em mulheres com idade igual ou maior a 20 anos. Para o período como um todo, 47,5% do total de óbitos ocorreu na faixa etária de 50 a 69 anos (n=3.497). O coeficiente médio de mortalidade por câncer de mama foi de 18,24/100.000 mulheres (2000-2017). Os coeficientes médios de mortalidade superaram 30 óbitos/100.000 mulheres na faixa etária de 50 a 59 anos, chegando a 87,25/100.000 nas mais longevas. Na análise da tendência desagregando-se por faixas etárias, observou-se em geral, incremento linear não constante no período. O estudo revelou uma tendência crescente de mortalidade por câncer de mama em mulheres residentes no estado de Santa Catarina no período estudado, e mostrou a magnitude do aumento dos coeficientes médios de acordo com as faixas etárias consideradas.

[ES] La resistencia de las aleaciones de titanio frente a diferentes agentes ha sido muy estudiada y en el campo biomédico y químico se han desarrollado nuevas aleaciones de titanio beta cuyo estudio de resistencia química es todavía reducido. Por ello se pretende en el presente proyecto diseñar un experimento sencillo que permita evaluar el comportamiento frente a la corrosión de aleaciones Ti-CP, Ti-6Al-4V y Ti-15Mo-6Sn. Este comportamiento se evaluará mediante la inmersión de las probetas preparadas de estas aleaciones en dos medios agresivos de diferente naturaleza, por una parte, una solución de simulación de agua de mar, para la que las aleaciones de titanio muestran un excelente comportamiento, y una solución al 20% en volumen de ácido sulfúrico con peróxido de hidrógeno que simula uno de los ambientes más agresivos a los que estas aleaciones deben enfrentarse. Los ensayos se realizan por inmersión a diferentes tiempos y se caracterizará su efecto mediante la diferencia de peso y la observación del efecto de los electrolitos en su superficie midiendo la rugosidad superficial de las probetas, el ángulo de contacto y mediante microscopía óptica y electrónica. Con ello el estudiante adquirirá competencias en el manejo de equipos de laboratorio, análisis de resultados y resolución de problemas principalmente., [EN] The resistance of titanium alloys against different agents has been extensively studied and in the biomedical and chemical field, new beta titanium alloys have been developed whose study of chemical resistance is still limited. For this reason, it is intended in this project to design a simple experiment that allows evaluating the behavior against corrosion of titanium alloys Ti-CP, Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-15Mo-6Sn. This behavior will be evaluated by immersing the specimens prepared of these alloys in two aggressive media of different nature, on the one hand, a seawater simulation solution, for which the titanium alloys show excellent behavior, and a solution 20% by volume of sulfuric acid with hydrogen peroxide that simulates one of the most aggressive environments these alloys have to face. The tests are carried out by immersion at different times and their effect will be characterized by the difference in weight and the observation of the effect of the electrolytes on their surface, measuring the surface roughness of the test tubes, the contact angle and by means of optical and electron microscopy. With this, the student will acquire skills in the management of laboratory equipment, analysis of results and mainly problem solving.

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar las circunstancias y percepciones del derecho a la resistencia en el contexto del Estado constitucional de derechos y justicia y su incidencia en la convivencia de los ciudadanos; para lo cual se realizó una investigación acerca de los aspectos relevantes que motivan a hacer uso del derecho a la resistencia, como derecho legítimo de los ciudadanos ecuatorianos, de manera particular, de quienes han sido históricamente marginados. Para la presente investigación se utilizó el método descriptivo con análisis bibliográfico, los conceptos, información, textos, y teorías relacionadas al tema. Con este estudio se concluyó que el derecho a la resistencia, bien concebida, permite garantizar la plena vigencia del Estado constitucional de derechos y justicia, como señala la Constitución, lo cual se torna indispensable para consolidar el régimen democrático del país.

Embora o SARS-CoV-2 tenha sido colocado no subgênero Sarbecovirus, seu protótipo genético não foi isolado ainda de morcegos, além do fato de ele não ser relevantemente infeccioso para esses animais. Ele também possui uma inserção de 12 nucleotídeos não encontrada em outros coronavírus e que que o torna muito infeccioso para humanos. Da mesma forma, não foi ainda identificado o possível hospedeiro intermediário que supostamente tenha sido o elo que deu início a atual pandemia a partir de Wuhan. Em síntese, nada sabemos sobre como surgiu a Covid-19. A OMS denominou a doença que ora fustiga o planeta de COVID-19, uma designação inadequada e que nada informa. Trata-se, porém de uma forma altamente infecciosa da SARS, e por isso deveria ser denominada de SARS-2, conforme os virologistas reconheceram ao classificar o vírus causador