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Resumen Introduccion Las complicaciones infecciosas presentan un papel destacado en la duodenopancreatectomia. Su incidencia aumenta en casos con drenaje biliar preoperatorio (DBP), por el mayor riesgo de bacterobilia. Se presenta un estudio con el objetivo de valorar un protocolo de antibioterapia guiado por una tincion de gram intraoperatoria de liquido biliar. Metodos Estudio retrospectivo en el que se analiza la incidencia de complicaciones infecciosas entre dos grupos de 25 pacientes, consecutivos en el tiempo, intervenidos de duodenopancreatectomia. En el grupo 1 se administro profilaxis con cefazolina en pacientes sin DBP y antibioterapia durante cinco dias con piperacilina-tazobactam en casos con DBP. En el grupo 2 se realizo tincion de gram intraoperatoria de bilis de forma sistematica. Si no se detectaban microorganismos, la antibioterapia se limitaba a profilaxis con cefazolina. Si se apreciaba bacterobilia, se administraba antibioterapia dirigida durante cinco dias. Resultados La incidencia de infeccion organo-cavitaria fue del 24% en el grupo 1 y del 4% en el 2 (p=0,04) y la incidencia de sepsis fue del 32% en el primer grupo y del 4% en el segundo (p=0,01). No se apreciaron diferencias en el resto de variables de morbimortalidad. Los microorganismos mas prevalentes en bilis fueron Enterococcus spp y Klebsiella spp. En cultivos postoperatorios, aunque tambien fueron los mas frecuentes en el grupo 1 (28 y 24%), solo aparecieron en el 4% de los casos del grupo 2 (p Conclusion La tincion de gram intraoperatoria de bilis podria ser util para dirigir la antibioterapia en la duodenopancreatectomia y contribuir a reducir las complicaciones infecciosas.

BACKGROUND: Data on the management of elderly patients with extensive colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) are scarce and conflicting. This study assesses differences in management and long-term oncological outcomes between older and younger patients with CRLM and a high Tumour Burden Score (TBS).; METHODS: International multicentre retrospective study on patients with CRLM and a category 3 TBS, submitted to liver resection. Patients were divided into two groups according to their age (younger and older than 75) and were compared using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and multivariable regression models. Differences in management and oncological outcomes including recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed.; RESULTS: The study included 386 patients, median follow-up was 48 months. The unmatched comparison revealed a higher ASA score (p=0.035), less synchronous CRLM (47% vs 68%, p=0.003), a lower median number of lesions (1 vs 3, p=0.004) and less perioperative chemotherapy (CTx) (66% vs 88%, p

Background There is still uncertainty regarding the role of perioperative chemotherapy (CTx) in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), especially in those with a low-risk of recurrence. Methods Multicentre retrospective analysis of patients with CRLM undergoing liver resection between 2010–2015. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they received perioperative CTx or not and were compared using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Then, they were stratified according to prognostic risk scores, including: Clinical Risk Score (CRS), Tumour Burden Score (TBS) and Genetic And Morphological Evaluation (GAME) score. Results The study included 967 patients with a median follow-up of 68 months. After PSM analysis, patients with perioperative CTx presented prolonged overall survival (OS) in comparison with the surgery alone group (82.8 vs 52.5 months, p = 0.017). On multivariable analysis perioperative CTx was an independent predictor of increased OS (HR 0.705, 95%CI 0.705–0.516, p = 0.029). The benefits of perioperative CTx on survival were confirmed in patients with CRS and TBS scores ≤2 (p = 0.022 and p = 0.020, respectively) and in patients with a GAME score ≤1 (p = 0.006). Conclusion Perioperative CTx demonstrated an increase in OS in patients with CRLM. Patients with a low-risk of recurrence seem to benefit from systemic treatment.

Infectious complications play a prominent role in postoperative outcome of pancreatoduodenectomy. The analysis of the microorganisms responsible for these complications has focused on bacteria, and there is little documentation regarding the role of fungi. We present a case series with 8 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy with positive bile cultures for Candida spp., in order to analyse the postoperative outcome.

Primary graft dysfunction is a common postoperative complication, lacking consensus regarding diagnostic criteria. Olthoff criteria are the most used, based on blood parameters in the first 7 postoperative days. This lack of consensus and late diagnosis evidence the need of early parameters. This study proposes factor V (FV) as a marker in the first 3 postoperative days for primary graft dysfunction.Within a 500-patient database, 27 patients with graft loss in the first 90 days were chosen and compared with a group of 54 patients composed of the immediately preceding and following transplant to each case. Through receiver operating characteristic curves, FV and maximum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) predictive value on the first 3 postoperative days were assessed. The best threshold value was selected according to the Youden index.FV was significantly higher in the control group, with second postoperative day as the highest discriminative one (area under the curve = 0.893). In addition, a cutoff point of FV 37.50 exhibited a specificity of 92% and sensibility of 69% in predicting allograft failure in the first 3 months. GPT showed a lower validity with area under the curve = 0.77, and a GPT of 1539 presented a specificity of 82% and sensibility of 67%. Combining FV37.5 and GPT1539, a specificity of 98% and sensibility of 55% was reached.FV could postulate as an early marker of primary graft dysfunction because of its high specificity despite having a lower sensibility. With de association of FV and GPT the maximum specificity for predicting graft loss in the first 3 months was reached, becoming a promising parameter for further analysis.

Abnormally positioned liver tissues are usually incidental findings diagnosed during imaging studies or surgical procedures. Most of the cases described are of congenital origin. We present a case corresponding to a 21-year-old young man with this entity.

Acute liver failure is an infrequent but serious complication of heat stroke damage. Management of these patients is mainly supportive, but in some cases liver transplantation may be the only chance for cure. We present the case of a young soldier who underwent emergency liver transplantation due to exertion heat stroke.

Background Sarcopenia (SP) and preoperative muscle mass are independent predictive factors for short- and long-term outcome of liver transplantation. Objective To assess the influence of muscle mass index (MMI) and preoperative SP on the prognosis of patients who underwent liver transplantation in our hospital. Methods Ninety-seven patients who underwent liver transplantation in the Regional University Hospital of Malaga from September 2013 to March 2016 were analyzed. SP was determined based on the MMI, as assessed by psoas muscle area at the L4 level measured by computed tomography (CT), with adjustment for patient sex. Two cohorts were differentiated: 54 patients without SP and 42 patients with SP. Postoperative complications, graft survival, and patient survival were assessed. A 3-year follow-up was carried out. Results Recipient characteristics were similar in both cohorts, except for MMI ± SD (group without SP: 94.03 ± 15.43 cm2/m2 vs group with SP: 56.99 ± 13.59 cm2/m2; P = .001). The incidence of postoperative complications (Clavien ≥ 3) in patients with and without SP was 39.5% and 24.1%, respectively (P = .08). SP was not associated with poorer long-term graft or patient survival. Conclusions SP, determined by preoperative measurement of MMI, was identified as a predictive factor associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications. Since MMI can be easily determined by CT, it should be assessed in all candidates for liver transplantation.

Introduction Total pancreatectomy (TP) is an uncommon operation, with indications that have not been clearly defined and non-standardized postoperative results. We present a national multicentric study on TP and a comparison with the existing literature. Methods A prospective observational study using data from the national registry of patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy and TP performed for any indication during the study period: January 1–December 31, 2015. Results 1016 patients were included from 73 hospitals, 112 of whom had undergone TP. The percentage of TP from the total number of cases was 11%. The mean age was 63.5 years, and 57.2% were males. The most frequently suspected radiological diagnosis was pancreatic cancer (58/112 cases). The most common TP technique was “mesentery artery first” (43/112 cases). Venous resections were performed in 23 patients (20.5%). The percentage of postoperative complications within 90 days was 50%, but major complications (>IIIA) were only 20.7%. The overall 90-day mortality was 8% (9 patients). The average stay was 20.7 days. The 3 most frequent definitive histological diagnoses were: adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and chronic pancreatitis. The R0 rate was 67.8%. Conclusions This study shows that the morbidity and mortality results of TP in Spain are similar or superior to previous publications. More precise TP studies are necessary, focused on specific complications such as endocrine insufficiency.

Resumen Introduccion La pancreatectomia total (PT) es una intervencion infrecuente, con unas indicaciones no claramente definidas y unos resultados postoperatorios no estandarizados. Presentamos un estudio multicentrico nacional sobre PT y una comparacion con la literatura existente. Metodos Estudio prospectivo observacional realizado mediante el registro nacional de pacientes operados de duodenopancreatectomia cefalica y PT realizadas por cualquier indicacion durante el periodo comprendido entre el 1 enero y el 31 diciembre del 2015. Resultados Se incluyo a 1.016 pacientes, pertenecientes a 73 centros; de ellos, 112 correspondian a PT. El porcentaje de PT/numero total de casos es del 11%. La edad media fue 63,5 anos y eran varones un 57,2%. El diagnostico radiologico de sospecha mas frecuente fue cancer de pancreas (58/112 casos). La tecnica de la PT mas habitual fue «arteria mesenterica primero» (43/112 casos). Se efectuaron resecciones venosas en 23 pacientes (20,5%). El porcentaje de complicaciones postoperatorias a 90 dias fue 50%, pero las complicaciones mayores (> IIIA) solo el 20,7%. La mortalidad global a 90 dias fue del 8% (9 pacientes). La estancia media fue 20,7 dias. Los 3 diagnosticos histologicos definitivos mas frecuentes fueron: adenocarcinoma de pancreas, neoplasia mucinosa papilar intraductal y pancreatitis cronica. La tasa de R0 fue del 67,8%. Conclusiones Este estudio demuestra que los resultados de morbimortalidad de la PT en Espana son similares o superiores a los publicados previamente. Es necesario un estudio mas especifico sobre PT centrado en complicaciones especificas, como la insuficiencia endocrina.

There is still debate regarding the principal role and ideal timing of perioperative chemotherapy (CTx) for patients with upfront resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). This study assesses long-term oncological outcomes in patients receiving neoadjuvant CTx only versus those receiving neoadjuvant combined with adjuvant therapy (perioperative CTx).International multicentre retrospective analysis of patients with CRLM undergoing liver resection between 2010 and 2015. Characteristics and outcomes were compared before and after propensity score matching (PSM). Primary endpoints were long-term oncological outcomes, such as recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Furthermore, stratification by the tumour burden score (TBS) was applied.Of 967 patients undergoing hepatectomy, 252 were analysed, with a median follow-up of 45 months. The unmatched comparison revealed a bias towards patients with neoadjuvant CTx presenting with more high-risk patients (p = 0.045) and experiencing increased postoperative complications ≥Clavien-Dindo III (20.9% vs. 8%, p = 0.003). Multivariable analysis showed that perioperative CTx was associated with significantly improved RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.579, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.420-0.800, p = 0.001) and OS (HR 0.579, 95% CI 0.403-0.834, p = 0.003). After PSM (n = 180 patients), the two groups were comparable regarding baseline characteristics. The perioperative CTx group presented with a significantly prolonged RFS (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.37-0.76, p = 0.007) and OS (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38-0.87, p = 0.010) in both low and high TBS patients.When patients after resection of CRLM are able to tolerate additional postoperative CTx, a perioperative strategy demonstrates increased RFS and OS in comparison with neoadjuvant CTx only in both low and high-risk situations.

Infectious complications play a prominent role in pancreaticoduodenectomy. Their incidence increases in cases with preoperative biliary drainage (PBD), due to the higher risk of bacterobilia. The aim of this study is to evaluate an antibiotherapy protocol based on intraoperative gram staining of bile and its impact on postoperative infectious complications.A retrospective study analysing the incidence of infectious complications between two groups of 25 consecutive patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. In group 1, cefazolin prophylaxis was administered to patients without PBD. In cases with PBD a five days antibiotherapy with piperacillin-tazobactam was administered. In group 2, intraoperative gram staining of bile was routinely performed. If no microorganisms were detected, antibiotherapy was limited to cefazolin prophylaxis. If bacterobilia was detected, targeted antibiotherapy was administered for five days.The incidence of sepsis and organ/space infection in group 2 was 4% compared to 32% and 24% in group 1 respectively (p0.05). No differences were observed in the remaining morbimortality variables. The most prevalent microorganisms in bile were Enterococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp. In postoperative samples, they only appeared in 4% of cases in group 2 (p0.05), in favour of S. epidermidis, although they were also prevalent in group 1 (28 and 24% respectively).Intraoperative gram staining of bile fluid could be a useful tool to conduct personalised antibiotic therapy in pancreaticoduodenectomy and contribute to the control of infectious complications.

Nowadays endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a minimally invasive technique with a complication rate around 2.5% in expert hands, being the most frequent: acute pancreatitis, cholangitis, hemorrhage and perforation. An exceptional complication is subcapsular hepatic hematoma, first published in the literature in 2000, with few cases reported. Regarding the case published by Del Moral Martínez et al (Hepatic Hematoma after ERCP: presentation of two new cases. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2017, Vol. 109, No. 6, pp. 470-473) we would like to contribute a reflection based on a recent clinical case in our center.

Introduction: Total hepatectomy with temporary porto caval shunt involves an anhepatic phase until liver transplantation. The severity of the patient's state is conditioned by the physiopathologic alterations occurred during the anhepatic phase and the availability or not of organs in the short term. Methods: We report the case of a male patient undergoing liver transplantation for liver failure caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Until liver transplantation, the patient experienced an anhepatic phase of 22 hours secondary to acute vascular failure during surgery. The patient is alive at five follow-up years. Conclusions: Total hepatectomy with temporary portocaval anastomosis in combination with appropriate management of physiopathologic alterations at the Intensive Care Unit improve survival in severely-ill patients awaiting transplantation.

Resumen Se estudian las complicaciones arteriales (CA) ocurridas en 400 trasplantes realizados entre 1997 y 2006. Se dividen en 2 grupos segun el tipo de tratamiento realizado: grupo i : tratamiento invasivo (tratamiento sobre la arteria o retrasplante), y grupo ii : tratamiento conservador o sintomatico. Se analizan el impacto del tratamiento sobre la supervivencia y las complicaciones biliares (CB). Resultados Se han presentado 18 CA (4,5%), 10 complicaciones precoces (7 trombosis y 3 estenosis) y 8 complicaciones tardias (5 trombosis y 3 estenosis). El 90% de las complicaciones precoces se trato de forma invasiva (4 trombectomias urgentes, un retrasplante, 3 angioplastias y una ligadura de arteria hepatica), y el 25% de las complicaciones tardias se trato con retrasplante (3); el 75% restante recibio tratamiento sintomatico. La supervivencia a 12 y 60 meses fue inferior en el grupo ii (el 57 y el 42%) que en el grupo i (el 90 y el 68%), aunque sin alcanzar significacion estadistica. La tasa global de CB de enfermos con trombosis arterial fue del 50%. En el grupo i del %, significativamente menor que el grupo ii con el 71% (p Conclusiones El tratamiento invasivo de las CA en el trasplante hepatico se asocia a una mayor supervivencia a corto plazo y reduce de forma significativa la aparicion de CB. En nuestra experiencia, los pacientes se benefician de un diagnostico precoz y un tratamiento intensivo en este tipo de complicaciones.

Resumen Introduccion El hepatocarcinoma es una complicacion frecuente de la cirrosis. El trasplante hepatico es una opcion terapeutica valida para esta enfermedad siempre que se cumplan unos criterios morfologicos de seleccion (criterios de Milan). Objetivo Valorar la eficacia de las pruebas de imagen en la deteccion y caracterizacion preoperatoria de lesiones neoplasicas en pacientes cirroticos candidatos a trasplante hepatico. Pacientes y metodo Estudio retrospectivo de 250 pacientes cirroticos trasplantados, en el que se compara el diagnostico radiologico preoperatorio con el anatomopatologico definitivo, lo que permite conocer la sensibilidad diagnostica de las diferentes pruebas, asi como identificar el grado de concordancia entre la estadificacion tumoral preoperatoria y la postoperatoria. Resultados El estudio de las 250 piezas de hepatectomia total permitio identificar a 58 pacientes con tumor hepatico, con un total de 136 nodulos tumorales. En 53 casos se trataba de hepatocarcinomas, 9 de los cuales fueron incidentales. Hubo 6 casos falsos positivos radiologicos. Los pacientes con hepatocarcinoma presentaban lesiones multiples en el 62% de los casos. La resonancia magnetica fue la tecnica mas sensible para el diagnostico de lesiones menores de 1 cm. Solo hubo concordancia entre la estadificacion preoperatoria y la postoperatoria en el 63,6% de los casos, y ello condiciono que hubiera un 43% de pacientes que fueron trasplantados superando los criterios de Milan (el 20% en estadio T3 y el 23% en estadio T4a). Conclusiones Las tecnicas de imagen presentan un importante porcentaje de incorrecta estadificacion en cuanto al diagnostico del tamano y el numero de lesiones tumorales.

Ectopic or heterotopic pancreas is defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue in an anatomical place not related to the pancreas, being it most frequent locations the stomach and small bowel. Its finding in the gallbladder is exceptional. Since the first case was reported by Otschkin in 1916, about 30 cases have been described in literature. We report the case of a 43 years-old male patient who had an urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, which pathological study showed the existence of chronic cholecystitis with heterotopic pancreatic tissue in the gallbladder wall.

Resumen Objetivos Evaluar la incidencia y el tipo de complicaciones biliares en el trasplante hepatico tras la reconstruccion biliar con y sin tutor biliar. Material y metodo Estudio prospectivo no aleatorizado en el que se incluyo a 128 pacientes consecutivos sometidos a trasplante hepatico electivo, excluyendo del estudio los retrasplantes, trasplantes urgentes, hepaticoyeyunostomia y pacientes fallecidos durante los primeros 3 meses por causas distintas de las complicaciones biliares. En el grupo I (n = 64) se realizo coledococoledocostomia terminoterminal sobre tubo de Kehr y en el grupo II (n = 64), coledococoledocostomia sin tubo de Kehr. Se analizan las complicaciones, los procedimientos terapeuticos, reintervenciones y supervivencia libre de complicaciones biliares. Resultados La tasa general de complicaciones biliares es del 15% (el 17% en el grupo I y el 14% en el grupo II). En relacion con el tipo de complicaciones (grupo I contra grupo II) se observo: fistulas, 4% (el 6 contra el 3%); estenosis, 8% (el 4 contra el 12%); disfunciones del tubo de Kehr, 3%. La media de procedimientos terapeuticos, incluidos colangiografia endoscopica, colangiografia transhepatica, colangiografias trans-Kehr y drenaje de colecciones, es 2,1 frente a 2 por paciente complicado. La tasa general de reintervenciones es del 5% (el 2 contra el 9%) (p Conclusiones No se ha encontrado diferencias estadisticamente significativas de complicaciones tras la anastomosis coledococoledoco con y sin tutor biliar. Sin embargo, el grupo de pacientes en los que no se utilizo tutor biliar ha precisado para el tratamiento de la complicaciones procedimientos mas complejos, asi como mayor numero de reintervenciones.

Endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, is most frequently located in the pelvic organs. Hepatic endometriosis is extremely rare, and only 12 cases have previously been reported. A wide variety of symptoms have been described, from asymptomatic masses (incidental findings) to acute abdomen. The diagnostic method of choice is abdominal CT, which should always be used in the differential diagnosis of cystic liver masses. Because of the high percentage of malignant transformation, the first-line treatment is surgical resection with adequate safety margins. We report a case of in situ adenocarcinoma arising in a hepatic endometrioma, which was treated with right hepatectomy.

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary malignant tumor of the liver. Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma or Klatskin tumor represents more than 50% of all biliary tract cholangiocarcinomas. A wide range of risk factors have been identified among patients with Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma including advanced age, male gender, primary sclerosing cholangitis, choledochal cysts, cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, parasitic infection (Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis), inflammatory bowel disease, alcoholic cirrhosis, nonalcoholic cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis and metabolic syndrome. Various classifications have been used to describe the pathologic and radiologic appearance of cholangiocarcinoma. The three systems most commonly used to evaluate Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma are the Bismuth-Corlette (BC) system, the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the TNM classification. The BC classification provides preoperative assessment of local spread. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering cancer center proposes a staging system according to three factors related to local tumor extent: the location and extent of bile duct involvement, the presence or absence of portal venous invasion, and the presence or absence of hepatic lobar atrophy. The TNM classification, besides the usual descriptors, tumor, node and metastases, provides additional information concerning the possibility for the residual tumor (R) and the histological grade (G). Recently, in 2011, a new consensus classification for the Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma had been published. The consensus was organised by the European Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association which identified the need for a new staging system for this type of tumors. The classification includes information concerning biliary or vascular (portal or arterial) involvement, lymph node status or metastases, but also other essential aspects related to the surgical risk, such as remnant hepatic volume or the possibility of underlying disease.

This observational cohort compared 70 consecutive liver transplantations (OLT) with no intra-abdominal drain and 70 control subjects C with an intra-abdominal drain who were operated immediately prior to them. We sought to assess the impact of abdominal drainage on the diagnosis and prevention of early postoperative complications of hemoperitoneum, reinterventions, biliary leaks or percutaneous drainage. We assessed variables related to the recipient (age, indication, pretransplant ascites, body mass index, Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, and rejection episodes, to the donor (age, steatosis and, ischemia time) as well as intra- and postoperative factors (surgery time, blood product use, and coagulopathy). The endpoint was defined as the need for a reintervention, postoperative paracentesis, appearance/drainage of collections, as well as lengths of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays. Postoperative ICU and in-hospital stay were similar between the groups (3.6 versus 3.7 days and 12 versus 14 days respectively). Six patients in the drainage group were reoperated due to hemoperitoneum, whereas it was one in the cohort without drainage. Three patients presented a biliary fistula, two in the group without drainage, and one in the drainage group. One patient in the drainage group required percutaneous drainage of an intra-abdominal collection. The need for postoperative paracentesis was greater among the group without drainage (30% versus 6%; P.008) and among those with a preoperative ascites1000 mL (38%). Patients with drainage displayed a greater incidence of perihepatic hematomas upon ultrasound (50% versus 22%, P.008) and required more postoperative blood products, especially plasma (P.01). In conclusion, OLT without intra- abdominal drainage is safe and does not increase morbidity. It seems likely that drainage may be responsible for intra-abdominal hematomas and greater consumption of blood products.

The double piggyback technique has been proposed for domino liver transplantation. To make this possible, it is necessary to reconstruct the venous outflow of the domino liver graft on the back table. We describe an alternative method of reconstruction of hepatic venous outflow, in which a neocaval segment is obtained using both common iliac veins from the cadaveric donor.

OBJETIVO: Comunicamos el caso de una paciente con un cáncer suprarrenal intervenido que presentó posteriormente recidivas locorregional y a distancia, enfatizando la importancia del tratamiento quirúrgico agresivo para lograr supervivencias a veces no esperadas a largo plazo. En la actualidad, representa el "gold standard" y todos los casos deben comunicarse para estimular a los distintos grupos a trabajar en esta línea. MÉTODO/RESULTADOS: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 29 años que consultó por dolor en flanco izquierdo, diagnosticándose en los estudios de imagen un tumor suprarrenal; fue intervenida, realizándose resección de un carcinoma suprarrenal izquierdo (Estadio II). Posteriormente presentó recidiva locorregional (en dos ocasiones) y a distancia (en hígado), siendo resecada la enfermedad en las tres ocasiones en su totalidad. En el momento actual, 7 años después del diagnóstico, está viva y libre de enfermedad. CONCLUSIÓN: la recidiva del cáncer suprarrenal se ha considerado letal a corto plazo desde el punto de vista pronóstico. Sin embargo, un abordaje quirúrgico agresivo de la enfermedad recurrente y metastásica puede prolongar de forma significativa la supervivencia del paciente y lograr, en ocasiones, "status" de libre de enfermedad varios años después del diagnóstico del tumor primario. OBJECTIVES: We report the case of a female patient with adrenal carcinoma who had undergone surgery and presented with local-regional and distant recurrences, emphasizing the importance of the aggressive surgical treatment to achieve long-term survival which is unexpected sometimes. Currently, it represents the gold standard and all cases should be reported to stimulate other groups to work in this line. METHODS/RESULTS: We report the case of a 29-yearold female patient who consulted for left flank pain, being diagnosed of an adrenal tumor by radiological tests; she underwent surgical excision of a left adrenal carcinoma (stage II). Later on she presented with localregional recurrences (2 times) and distant metastases (liver) undergoing excision in three procedures. Currently, the patient is alive and free of disease 7 years after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Adrenal cancer recurrences have been considered lethal in the short-term. Nevertheless, an aggressive surgical approach of local recurrences and metastasic disease may significantly prolong patient’s survival and, sometimes, leave the patient disease free several years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor.

We evaluated the consumption of blood products during liver transplantation in cirrhotic patients association with the placement of a temporary portacaval shunt (TPCS). Patients and methods. We retrospectively divided 349 cirrhotic patients transplanted in our unit between March 1997 and October 2005 into two groups: transplants without a TPCS (group I, 189 cases) and those with a TPCS (group II, 160 cases). In all cases, we preserved the inferior vena cava (piggyback). The dependent variables were consumption of blood-derived products (banked red cells, recovered red cells, fresh frozen plasma, platelets), surgery time, kidney function, intensive care unit stay, and hospital stay. Results. Consumption of blood products was significantly lower among patients who received a TPCS. In group II, no platelet transfusion was required in 54% of the patients, and no banked red cells in 12% compared with 18% and 3%, respectively, among group I patients (P

To analyze our results after the introduction of a fast-track (FT) program after laparoscopic liver surgery in our Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit.All patients (43) undergoing laparoscopic liver surgery between March 2004 and March 2010 were included and divided into two consecutive groups: Control group (CG) from March 2004 until December 2006 with traditional perioperative cares (17 patients) and fast-track group (FTG) from January 2007 until March 2010 with FT program cares (26 patients). Primary endpoint was the influence of the program on the postoperative stay, the amount of re-admissions, morbidity and mortality. Secondarily we considered duration of surgery, use of drains, conversion to open surgery, intensive cares needs and transfusion.Both groups were homogeneous in age and sex. No differences in technique, time of surgery or conversion to open surgery were found, but more malignant diseases were operated in the FTG, and then transfusions were higher in FTG. Readmissions and morbidity were similar in both groups, without mortality. Postoperative stay was similar, with a median of 3 for CG vs 2.5 for FTG. However, the 80.8% of patients from FTG left the hospital within the first 3 d after surgery (58.8% for CG).The introduction of a FT program after laparoscopic liver surgery improves the recovery of patients without increasing complications or re-admissions, which leads to a reduction of the stay and costs.