Search

Copyright of Journal of the International Arthurian Society is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Early Modern Latin, the variant of Latin in use between c. 1350 and 1700, has often been dismissed as a mechanical copy of its model, the Latin of ancient Rome. However, Early Modern Latin writers did not embrace the Latin of all periods of antiquity equally, even though many of them were familiar with other kinds of Latin than the ones they themselves favoured. I shall argue that, given the knowledge we see in many influential writers of this period of the diachronic variations of Latin, the relationship between the Latin actually used by individual writers and communities and the strata of Latin available to them may fruitfully be described in the terminology of A. Assmann as the relationship between linguistic canon and archive. I shall show this with examples from fifteenthcentury Latin texts written in Italy. My point of departure will be Niccolò Perotti's work on the Latin language, the Cornu copiae (1470s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the collection of female Arthurian scholars. It discusses about Elizabeth F. Archibald, one of most perspicacious readers of medieval Latin texts and traditions; and Geraldine Barnes, who covered Middle English, Old Norse and Old French romances, literature and science, and travel writing.

This article intends to revise the still unrivalled opinion in Medieval Studies according to which knowledge of the Qur'ān in the early medieval Latin West is almost completely missing. For this purpose, it revises the current state of the art, enriches this panorama with some new findings in rarely studied or unknown sources and tries to assess a new profile of Latin reception of the Muslims' central religious book. The study can show that authors of the early medieval Latin world ventured first, yet still polemical and apologetic approaches to the new religious phenomenon 'Islam' that produced not only superficial, hearsay-based, but first detailed knowledge of the Qur'ān. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The third and last of Abraham Ibn Ezra's three Hebrew treatises on the astrolabe was composed in Béziers in 1148. In 1144 or soon after, a Christian scholar, Rudolph of Bruges, composed a Latin work the construction of an astrolabe, referring to an observation he had made in the same city on April 24 of that year. The present article assembles the evidence that Béziers was a place where Jews and Christians were working together to write about and practice the science of the stars; it also proposes the identification of a certain 'John David' as a patron of this activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Latin curricula for secondary schools generally recommend medieval Latin texts as a supplement to classical authors, medieval Latin is not necessarily part of the teacher training programms at university. After giving a brief sketch of medieval Latin studies at German universities, this article explores strategies for transmitting at least a basic knowledge of medieval Latin language and literature to students of Latin philology and teachers. Latin letters of the Carolingian period and the high Middle Ages might be an appropriate theme for complementary reading and comparison with classical models and current forms of communication. Examples from the collections of Alcuin, Einhart and Hildebert of Lavardin are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following article examines the position of medieval Latin literature within German school curricula and school books. It stresses the importance of reading and studying medieval Latin texts as a way to a more complete as well as interdisciplinary school and university education. In this respect, two possible topics for school lessons are discussed: first, medieval Latin letters as an example of continuity and reception of a literary genre; second, the comparative analysis of medieval European cartography and corresponding texts as an interdisciplinary approach to the study of medieval worldviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In two of his letras Raimon de Cornet offers a vivid satirical description of the worldly-minded life of clergy, proposing moral and educational purposes. Particularly, in A sels que vol, here published, the author satirizes prelates. The new critical edition has represented the opportunity for a thorough examination of this work: the author, even though he maintains his own originality, shows his indebtedness to previous century's Provençal literature - both in subjects and in form, of which we propose, here for the first time, a critically based analysis -, but also to medieval Latin tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes sexual characterization in George R.R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire series. It also describes literary theory to demonstrate the extent and purpose of the theme poet Isaac Rosenberg identifies in the behavior of any character in Martin's world of gritty medievaliam beyond reproach.

The article focuses on a collection featuring editions of books by French humanist Marc-Antoine Muret conserved at the University of Chicago Library (UCL) in Chicago, Illinois. The author discusses the library's acquisition of the works, the location where some of the books were published, and major works including the rare edition of volume one of "Annales" by Tacite published by Muret in 1580. A bibliography of the special collection and rare books is also provided.

The Polish medieval Latin corpus is a specific collection of texts created during the Middle Ages in the Polish lands. The language itself had a special status as it was no longer the native language of any specific population. Consequently, it underwent changes in the lexicon to the extent that both Latin forms were transferred into Polish and the Polish ones into Latin. Such is the case with the word granicies 'border' which was transferred from the Polish word granica 'border'. The baffling thing is that the transfer itself created a word within the non-productive Latin fifth declension. The purpose of the present article is to try to explain why it was transferred to this specific type of inflection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although it seems likely that Hoccleve's translation of Christine de Pizan's Epistre au dieu d'Amours was motivated by his desire to emulate her success as an author, this article shows that his Letter of Cupid played at best a limited role in establishing his literary reputation. While Christine could exercise a degree of control over the copying of her text, Hoccleve could not, and, as a result, his poem was circulated anonymously and often in damaged or truncated forms. This discrepancy is read as revelatory of diferences between the modes of authorship available to Middle French and Middle English poets. Hoccleve's status as a victim of the literary culture in which he wrote is not unequivocal, however, since the indeterminate attitude toward women that characterizes the Letter may have been a quality with which he deliberately imbued his text: thanks to his firsthand knowledge of the London book trade, Hoccleve was well placed to appreciate the potential popularity of such a versatile poem. Since the Letter is extant in ten non-autograph copies, it appears that a measure of that popularity was realized, even if the personal fame that might have accompanied it remained elusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the ways in which old age, as a socially constituted concept, functions to regulate the needs and desires of the aged during the natural course of aging and the ways in which an aging subject struggles to adapt to old age as a state of being. With the centenarian Garcy in Le Bone Florence of Rome as the focus, the discussion reconsiders his frail body in the context of medieval medicine, examines his desire for young Florence against the backdrop of medieval ethics, and understands his rise and doomed failure within the ageist framework of romance, as well as the penitential context of the manuscript CUL Ff. 2.38. Struggling with his own physical degradation and desires in opposition to social expectations of his age, the character of Garcy, "misbehaving" and "rebellious," challenges, albeit to no avail, the injustice of ageism inflicted upon him. His final attempt at reversing the course of aging and unconsoled death urge readers to take a fresh look at the reality that the old have as many needs and desires as people from all other age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the importance of medieval English religious writing and passion for writing about Jesus Christ's life. Topics discussed include expression of religious sensibility in the texts of Christ's life; examination of tradition of writing pseudo-Bonaventuran by Elizabeth Salter and Michael Sargent; and emphasis on text-centred, progressive and disciplined writing.

In 1547, while in Venice, Guillaume Postel purchased a Zohar manuscript from Daniel Bomberg. That Zohar copy was the one he studied together with Mother Johanna and the one he used as the source for his Latin translation of this treatise. That Zohar copy has most probably not survived, and as a result, hitherto no information regarding its unique structure, contents or wording has been available. Fortunately enough we were able to use both the strategy of the ' Zohar HaRaki'a' project conducted by Ronit Meroz as well as the data accumulated in it; thus we could locate an almost identical cognate of that lost manuscript in MS Parma Palatina 2718. It is impossible to determine with certainty whether Postel's original was copied directly or indirectly from MS Parma, or from a different source belonging to this family. In any event, as Postel's Zohar manuscript itself is not accessible, it is henceforth possible to make use of MS Parma to offer us a Zoharic text which is almost identical, in both structure and wording, to Postel's original. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Historiæ Canadensis, seu Nouæ- Franciæ libri decem, ad annum vusque Christi MDCLVI is a translation commissioned by the Society of Jesus in France in order to disseminate information concerning its evangelical activities in New France in the first decades of the seventeenth century. The source text is a series of reports written by the Jesuit missionaries in simple, unadorned French prose and printed hastily and cheaply. The form is that of a travel narrative and the tone is often grim. In 1664, Father François du Creux, a Jesuit, rewrote some of these texts, producing what might be called a three-dimensional 'translation' effecting their form, language, and material features. This article explores the ways in which he restructured and reorganized the individual missionary adventures into a historical, narrative framework and turned the French text into Latin, enriching it and elevating the tone as he did so. It also discusses the manner in which expensive engravings illustrating the narratives synthesized them by providing a context and an edifying dimension. Our study demonstrates how these features transform the Relations by combining to give the translation a certain 'gravitas', thus widening its appeal and extending its message to a new, larger, and more varied readership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We know almost everything about the spanish translation of Giovanni Boccaccio's De casibus virorum illustrium, from XV century, and their containg codex. But, there are not studies about the vulgata text, stablished by the Sevilla's edition (1459), later copied in Toledo (1511) and Alcalá de Henares (1552). The variants and orders of the chapters could be result of the curator's manipulation or by the existence of a second archetype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the Medieval reception of the mythical figure Apollonius of Tyana in the Latin West. Topics discussed include an ancient literary account which presents Apollonius of Tyana as a person gifted in magical arts and ancient philosophy, an assessment of the medieval texts believed to contain some passages attributed to Apollonius, and his comparison with another ancient figure named Hermes Trismegistus.

Focusing on the writer–statesman Domingo F. Sarmiento (1811–88), this essay examines the functionality of medievalization in Argentina's internal colonialism. The extent to which allocation of medievality was employed by this foundational political figure, identifies this temporal trope as a core element in the civilizational mapping of post-independence Argentina and Spanish America. Sarmiento's settler postcolonial writing proposed, as part and parcel of his political activity, the colonization of lands that were occupied either by Amerindian tribes judged anachronistic, or by medievalized rural subjects whose atavistic culture had to be successfully domesticated or eradicated from the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article presents a discussion of the 1477-1478 work entitled "De quattuor Graecae linguae differentiis libellus" by Humanist scholar Johann Reuchlin. The work considers issues of grammar and dialect in ancient Greek texts and is asserted to be a Latin translation of an unknown Byzantine treaty. Both a Latin transcription of Reuchlin's manuscript and an accompanying English translation of the work are presented,

The article presents discussion regarding stanza markers found within the early manuscripts of the poetic literary work "Regiment of Princes," by the medieval English writer Thomas Hoccleve. Details are given outlining the formatting and decorative illustration used within the British Library MMS Arundel 38 and Harley 4866. Differences and distinctions seen within the formatting of both manuscripts are then analyzed and commented upon.

The article discusses the role of the Jesuits and of the Catholic church more generally in producing 17th century Latin documents about the city of Antwerp, Belgium. It also describes these documents' value as historical sources. Among other topics addressed are the Jesuit priest Carolus Scribani who published many of the documents, the role of the Jesuits in Antwerp of the time, and the economic and political influence of the Jesuits throughout Europe.

Who were the first women writers in the English literary tradition? This question continues to preoccupy feminist scholars in the twenty-first century, but very few would look back to the centuries before the Norman invasions in order to find the answer. Focusing on the religious houses of Ely and Whitby in the seventh and early eighth centuries, this article reviews some of the surviving evidence of the first monastic women's writing. Looking for traces of early texts by women, it re-examines the lives of the abbesses Æthelthryth of Ely and Hild of Whitby found in the fourth book of Bede's Ecclesiastical History, alongside the account of Hild found in the Old English Martyrology, and, more speculatively, it reconsiders the case for women's involvement in the production of the anonymous first Life of Gregory the Great. This article argues that texts by women were “overwritten” by the earliest male monastic writers, a process reinforced by later scholarship. By focusing on texts associated with religious houses ruled by women, and by seeing them as the productions not of individuals but of communities, it is possible to get a fuller and more balanced understanding of women's writing in this earliest period of English literary history. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The paper examines the 9th century ethno-political situation in the territory of the former Avar qaganate, that is, within the Carpathian Basin, in terms of the early medieval "ethnogenesis" interpreted as the making of ethno-political units (gentes). As a result, the so-called post-Avar " ethnogenesis" is conceptualized as a process whose main feature is the absence of fully fledged ethnic groups that could correspond to the polities that emerged on the ruins of the Avar qaganate and would be comparable to what was usually meant by the term gens in early medieval Latin sources. According to the author, this feature could be interpreted as the indication that on the territory of the former qaganate the formation of new political structures caused by the rise of post-Avar elites (polito-genesis) outran the emergence of new group identities (ethnogenesis). Another conclusion states that the polities of Menumorout, Glad, and Gelou, as described in Anonymus' Gesta Hungarorum, are very similar in their principal characteristics to those attested for the 9th century post-Avar area by contemporary sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the relationship of the laud Plange la Eclesia, a political-religious invective, with the late Medieval Latin exegetical tradition. It mentions that it intends to show the displacement of a sermon by Saint Bernard in Cantica Canticorum into the theological political structure of the text at hand. It notes that the poetry of Franciscan friar, Jacopone da Todi, reveals access to the writings of the scholastic works of Dionysius.

The article discusses the discovery of a Latin book belonging to the library of French Renaissance writer and poet Pierre de Ronsard. The book titled "Praecipuarum controversiarum Arist. Et Platonis conciliato, opus diu desideratum & à veteribus, ac recentioribus pollicitum, non tamen abfolutum" was written by Gabriele Buratelli and published in 1573 and is conserved at the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris, France. The author notes that the book's title page contains Ronsard's signature, discusses Buratelli, an Augustinian, professor of theology, and preacher, and proceeds to examine the book which concerns the controversy opposing Greek philosophers Platon and Aristote partisans and the idealistic and naturalistic conception of the world.

Although translation of foreign literature was rare in Byzantium, in c. 1300 three Greek translations of treatises on using the astrolabe appeared, two from Latin and one from Persian or Arabic; all three are assessed in terms of Greek style and significance for Byzantine culture. The Islamic treatise translated by Shams al-Din al-Bukhari includes a translator's preface, edited in full and translated into English here for the first time. In the preface, Shams describes a deluxe astrolabe sent to Andronikos II with the treatise in the hope, it is argued, of some personal benefit in return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a literary criticism for the "Pardoner's Tale" and "Parson's Tale" from Geoffrey Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales." The author focuses on the medieval writing style known as palindromic structure that is evident in both stories. She also considers the popular use of palindromes in Ancient Greek and Roman texts and notes that because of this, Chaucer had some knowledge of the Greek language.

The article presents a critique of the late Medieval work "Expositio Canticorum Scripturae," by the 15th-century Oxford University scholar Richard Ullerston, particularly examining the intertextual references it made to the "Latin Psalter" of the 14th-century translator Richard Rolle. Details are given noting how Rolle's commentaries on the Biblical book of Psalms are found and further propagated within Ullerston's work a generation later.

The article presents a discussion of the anonymous 12th-century Latin eyewitness account of the Third Crusade on Palestine, entitled "Chronicon terrae sanctae," exploring the origin and transmission of the manuscript. Details are given mapping the disputed attributed authorship of the work surrounding Ralph, abbot of the Cistercian monastery of Coggeshall, England. Arguments are made suggesting the work was produced by multiple authors and that Ralph contributed to it.

Copyright of Educación XX1 is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Olivar is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

While he was in Mantua in 1475, the Italian Jewish philosopher Judah Messer Leon (ca. 1425--1498) wrote a wide commentary on Aristotle's Physics 1--4. As a ''Hebrew Schoolman,'' he inserted into this work a number of explicit and implicit references to Latin Scholastic commentaries on the Physics. An examination of the Latin sources quoted explicitly has been given elsewhere. Here, two implicit sources are examined: Paul of Venice's Expositio super octo libros Physicorum necnon super commentum Averrois, and Gaetano de Thiene's Recollectae super octo libros Physicorum Aristotelis. The former was apparently employed by Judah Messer Leon only for the general structure of his work; the latter, by contrast, was widely employed as the direct source of several long passages, although the Latin author was never mentioned by name. Some of these passages, found in Book 1, Parts 1--2 of the commentary (on Aristotle, Physics 184a10--188a8), are listed and examined here. Their close relationship with Gaetano de Thiene's work is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the full-text databases of Latin sources from Europe from the period between 400 and 1500, the Latin word for violence crops up around two thousand times, about as often as “justice” (2,400) though not as often as other interesting words like “envy” (6,000) or “vengeance” (3,800). The frequency of use of the word, adjusted for the vagaries of survival, reveals an interesting trend. From the tenth to the eleventh centuries, an age of predatory castellans and violent territorial expansion, the frequency nearly doubles in the extant literature, and remains high for several centuries to come. The word often appears in texts alongside nauseating tales of violence, of hands lopped off and eyes plucked out and intestines dragged from their hidden recesses. There is the story told by Guibert of Nogent about the predatory castellan Thomas de Marle, who hung his captives by their testicles until the weight of their own bodies tore them off. These were exempla. They painted verbal pictures of the behavior of those who were surely doomed to hell. In the hands of clerical authors like Guibert, they served as a goad to kings and princes who, in their indolence, might allow this stuff to go unavenged. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Literary criticism on the c. 1280 Latin political treatise "De regimine pricipium" by 13-century author Giles of Rome, also known as Aegidius Romanus or Egidio Colonna is presented. The author suggests that the treatise was written for King Philip IV of France as a prince and describes it as a discussion of the theories of the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. Other topics include the influence of the treatise on author Geoffrey Chaucer and the treatise's depiction of medieval society.

A preface to the book "Nottingham Medieval Studies" is presented.

The typographical language of Justus Lipsius's Politicorum libri sex (1589) is a crucial element for understanding its compositio. The page layout, designed by Lipsius (1547-1606) probably in collaboration with his printer, displayed the author's inventive methods and writing strategies. All Latin editions of the Politica followed the precise typographic design of the editio princeps. The work was disseminated across seventeenth-century Europe by different printers without changes to its fundamental material features, including its typography. Something different happened, however, with the various vernacular editions of the Politica. All of them redesigned Lipsius's typography. These editions refashioned the display of sententiae and provided visual uniformity to the page, transforming the text from a compendium of interrelated commonplaces into a dense treatise. In this article I focus on the changes and accommodations evidenced in Bernardino de Mendoza's Spanish translation. In this case, an exceptional document survived that allows one to examine the different interventions in the process of accommodation of the Politica: the printer's copy and the manuscript supervised by Mendoza, approved and licensed by the Council of Castile, and used by the Imprenta Real in Madrid to print Los seis libros de las Políticas (1604). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recently discovered manuscript by the Friulian fencing master Fiore dei Liberi (fl. c. 1383-1410), Bibliothèque Nationale MS Lat. 11269 is discussed and compared with other known copies. Authorial intent, the style of arms, armour, and other military equipment depicted, and the dating and style of the manuscript are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the sexual riddle type in Aldhelm's "Enigmata," the Exeter Book, and early medieval Latin. According to the author, so-called sexual riddles, which can be classified based on sexual imagery and double entendre, can be found in the Exeter Book. However, the author notes that no exact correspondence to the erotic riddle category has been detected in the Anglo-Latin "enigmata."

Considerable progress has been made during the last 20 years in Medieval Latin lexicography. The article informs about Medieval Latin dictionaries of single countries and regions and about the attempts to create a comprehensive work for the whole of Europe. Furthermore, the importance of electronic media in Medieval Latin lexicology and lexicography is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines transalpine humanists' use of the Latin language, or Neo-Latin, in prose works according to the literary style of the 2nd century African Latin prose writer Apuleius. Such Apuleian prose is described as utilizing archaic vocabulary and syntax in order to be understood only by elites. The works of such humanists as Erasmus, Nicolas Bérault, and Ludovicus Vives are discussed. Emphasis is given to Renaissance-era literary criticism of humanistic prose works that allegedly employed Apuleianism. Support for the prose style of Roman orator Marcus Tullius Cicero, or Ciceronianism, among many critics is also explained.

Erich Auerbach's (1892-1957) contribution to the field of literary studies was unique. As well as his celebrated work Mimesis, he wrote many other works of great methodological originality on Comparative Literature, Medieval Latin and Romance Literature. Auerbach had to emigrate from Germany in 1936, moving from Marburg to Istanbul, and later in 1947 to the USA, where he had a chair at Yale University from 1950-1957. Throughout his life he maintained close contact to his friends, colleagues and students. His correspondence not only offers insights into the development of his work and method, but also his attitude towards other well-known philologists such as Ernst Robert Curtius or Leo Spitzer, as well as various young scholars. One such young scholar, and a friend of the Auerbach family, was Paul Binswanger (1896-1961), who wrote his doctoral thesis at Heidelberg under the auspices of E. R. Curtius. Auerbach's letters to Binswanger, which for the most part have remained unknown to this day, are edited here alongside his unpublished letters to Fritz Schalk (1902-1980). Schalk was professor of Romance Philology, first at the University of Rostock and later at Cologne, and from 1936 until his death he was the sole editor of the important periodical Romanische Forschungen. Auerbach's letters to both Binswanger and Schalk are published here in chronological order, together with an introduction and explanatory notes. This first issue comprises 24 letters written by Auerbach between 1930 and 1937. A second issue is planned for the next volume of this yearbook, and this will contain the remaining 53 letters written between 1947 and 1957. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The state of research on early mediaeval rural areas in continental Croatia, as well as elsewhere in Croatia, is only in the incipient stage. This horizon is poorly preserved and largely destroyed by modern intensive farming practices. Recent large-scale salvage investigations on motorway routes greatly contributed to the knowledge about the form of early mediaeval houses. These investigations corroborated the statement about the poor preservation of the early mediaeval horizon in northern Croatia - only a couple of structures were sufficiently preserved to allow a reconstruction of the method of their construction. In this paper we put forward a reconstruction of an early mediaeval house from the KiŠkorija jug site near Virovitica. The structure belongs to the type of semi-sunken single-room houses with two supporting posts and a clay stove of circular or oval plan in a corner. It is dated to the period between the end of the 8th and the end of the 9th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]