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Актуальность. Одна из альтернатив биопротезированию при тяжелом рецидивирующем инфекционном поражении правых отделов сердца — имплантация митрального аллографта в трикуспидальную позицию. Преимуществами аллографта являются близкая к нативной конфигурация, адаптация к работе в условиях высокого системного давления, отсутствие инородных элементов, которые могут быть «входными воротами» для инфекции, антибактериальная обработка, отсутствие необходимости в пожизненной антикоагулянтной терапии. Цель. Изучить возможность применения митрального аллографта в трикуспидальной позиции на основании анализа данных литературы и собственного опыта. Методы. Поиск исследований осуществляли в базах данных Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar и Российский индекс научного цитирования (РИНЦ) с использованием поисковых запросов, ключевых слов и логических операторов. Последнюю поисковую сессию провели 21 декабря 2022 г. При первичном отборе по поисковым запросам получили 4 446 результатов (Google Scholar — 3 080, Medline — 1 050, РИНЦ — 316). После анализа заголовков и аннотаций исключили 4 390 исследований, в которых отсутствовали необходимые данные, затем еще 25 работ в связи с дублированием. В итоговую группу вошло 31 исследование. Результаты. По данным систематического анализа литературы проанализировали аспекты забора, подготовки, имплантации митрального аллографта в трикуспидальную позицию на современном этапе развития биотехнологий. Осветили основные осложнения, редкие клинические наблюдения, непосредственные и отдаленные послеоперационные результаты имплантаций. Заключение. Имплантация митрального аллографта в трикуспидальную позицию целесообразна для пациентов с тяжелым инфекционным поражением правых отделов сердца. В связи с небольшим количеством имплантаций необходимы дальнейшие исследования. Поступила в редакцию 9 марта 2023 г. Исправлена 7 сентября 2023 г. Принята к печати 11 сентября 2023 г. Финансирование Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки. Конфликт интересов Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

In this paper, we introduced a hybrid inertial iterative method which converges strongly to a common element of solution of generalized mixed equilibrium, variational inequality and fixed point problems in a two uniformly smooth and uniformly convex Banach space. Our hybrid inertial iterative method, techniques of proof and corollaries improves, extends and generalizes many results in the literature.

The paper presents experimental studies of a shielding plasma layer formation in front of a tungsten surface exposed with hydrogen plasma in the QSPA-M test-bed facility under the conditions of additional seeding of argon (Ar) along the target surface into the zone of plasma-surface interaction. A pulsed gas injector on the base of a fast electromagnetic valve has been developed for the local injection of Ar. The injector is capable of generating a homogeneous argon gas flow with a maximum concentration above n _Ar = 6 × 10 ^23 m ^−3 and a pulse duration of 0.5 ms. It is shown that the increase in the argon gas density in front of the surface leads to an essential decrease (in 1.5–2 times) in the energy load delivered to the target surface. In the presence of a strong magnetic field (up to 1 T), both the thickness of the shielding layer and the fraction of energy dissipated by the shield increase further. Even for moderate energy densities of the QSPA plasma streams in the experiments with Ar gas injection, less than 40% of the impacting plasma load is absorbed by the tungsten surface. The results demonstrate that this additional shielding attributed to the formation of a dense Ar plasma layer in front of the exposed W surface would be favourable for the divertor armour performance, causing the decreasing erosion of plasma-facing components in the course of transient events in a fusion reactor.

Background. With the increasing demands of industry for rare metals (such as lithium, cobalt, etc.) and in conditions of depletion of their deposits, more and more attention is being paid to the possibilities of extracting ore from the ocean’s bottom. Under the conditions of increasing demands of industry for rare metals (such as lithium, cobalt, etc.) and in their deposits depletion, more and more attention is focused on the possibilities of extracting ore from the ocean’s bottom Remote acoustic sounding of the ocean’s bottom can serve as the simplest and most environmentally friendly way to detect underlying minerals for subsequent extraction. Remote acoustic sounding of the ocean’s bottom could serves as the simplest and most environmentally friendly way to detect underlying minerals for subsequent extraction. An example of such minerals are iron-manganese nodules (IMN), which are investigated in this work. The investigating in this work iron-manganese nodules (IMN) is an example of such minerals. The researches conducted at the Department of Acoustics of the UNN has shown the possibility of determining the average concentration of discrete random inhomogeneities by the changes in the average intensity of the backscattered acoustic signal. The purpose of my research is to construct a backscattering model that takes into account the simultaneous influence of the characteristics of the surface underlying the scatterers and the uneven distribution of inhomogeneities over this surface to determine the concentration of particles according to acoustic measurements. Materials and methods. The physical model was considered within the framework of the theory of single scattering. The physical model was considered within the framework of the single scattering theory. The discrete inhomogeneities imitating the IMN were rigid spherical particles. Results. We investigated the influence of the reflecting properties of bottom rocks on the remote acoustic diagnostics of discrete random inhomogeneities located at the bottom. Also, in was constructed a backscattering model that takes into account the simultaneous influence of the characteristics of the surface underlying the scatterers and the uneven distribution of inhomogeneities over this surface. The obtained theoretical results were compared with experimental data, also it was considered the case of backscattering in the presence of diffusers of different sizes. Conclusions. The simulation results show that at low concentrations of scatterers, the presence of a reflected signal leads to a relatively large increase in intensity compared to the intensity of the signal reflected only from inhomogeneities. The simulation results is show that the low concentrations of scatterers, the reflected signal existence leads to a quite large intensity increasing with the comparing to the intensity of the signal reflected only from inhomogeneities A strong correlation between the positions of the diffusers significantly affects the magnitude of the average intensity of the received field compared to the case of a chaotic arrangement of inhomogeneities. The strong correlation between the diffusers’ positions significantly affects to the magnitude of the average intensity of the received field compared to the case of a chaotic arrangement of inhomogeneities. If the scatterers have different sizes, a significant decrease in the interference term of the average backscattering intensity is observed. In case when the scatterers have different sizes, it is observed the significant decreasing of the interference term of the average backscattering intensity.

The optimization of permeable thermoelement for thermoelectric air conditioner unit based is presented. In the thermoelectric air conditioner unit the air flow is cooled due to a combined action of thermoelectric effects and the Joule-Thomson effect. Methods for calculation of temperature distribution, determination of power conversion energy characteristics and thermoelement design in maximum COP mode are discussed. Results of computer studies for the case of thermoelement legs based on Bi2Te3 material have shown the possibility of COP increase by a factor of 1.6-1.7 as compared to conventional thermoelectric systems.

Bimetallic materials are construction materials that are increasingly used in many industries: in the graphic industry, tobacco processing industry for various cutting knives, in the chemical industry for various plants and vessels, food industry, military industry, etc. In the production of ships, their use becomes dominant, primarily as a combination of cheap construction materials highly resistant to corrosion, at a price closer to construction materials. The appearance of plating with the help of explosion energy has significantly increased the range and quality of available multilayer metals. Although stainless steels and aluminum are the most commonly used material for bimetallic and clad materials, materials such as titanium, zirconium or tantalum are increasingly used. The paper analyzes the process of explosion welding and the results of exploration of the explosion of a welded joint of copper and brass. The microhardness of the material in the welded joint, tribological characteristics and scratch test joint were analyzed.

In the present work, Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) were synthesized using leaves extract of C. gigantea through a solution combustion method. The NiO NPs were characterized through analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The XRD results revealed rhombohedral structured crystallites with average size of 31 nm. SEM and TEM images indicate that the nanoparticles are agglomerated with an asymmetrical shape. The optical energy bandgap of 3.45 eV was estimated using UV-diffused reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS). The synthesized NiO NPs have shown superior photodegradation for methylene blue (MB) dye. Further, the antibacterial activity of the prepared nanoparticles was tested against E.coli and S.aureus bacterial strains. In addition, nanoparticles were utilized for electroanalytical applicability as a novel non-enzymatic sensor in the trace level quantification of nitrite. The proposed nitrite sensor showed wide linearity in the range 8–1700 μM and good stability with a lower detection limit of 1.2 μM. Keywords: NiO nanoparticles, Calotropis gigantea, Dye degradation, Antibacterial activity, Nitrite sensing

Background: The plant Rotula aquatica Lour. was traditionally well known due to its large number of pharmacological action and medicinal uses. The plant is a necessary component of many Ayurvedic drug preparations since historical times. It is widely used as a crucial ancient drug for kidney and bladder stones. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to evaluate the acute toxicity and anti inflammatory efficacy of methanolic extract of R. aquatica Lour. in in vivo models. Materials and methods: The qualitative phytochemical analysis and invitro antioxidant activity of the roots of methanolic extract of R. aquatica Lour. (MERA) was evaluated. The acute toxicity effect of MERA was evaluated with two different doses (550, 2000 mg/kg body weight), were administrated orally to Wistar rats. The rats were observed for sign and symptoms of toxicity and mortality for 14 days. The parameters measured including relative organ weight, blood, biochemical and histopathological parameters of hepatic and renal toxicity. The anti-inflammatory effect of MERA was also evaluated in carrageenan and dextran-induced paw edema models. Results: The phytochemical evaluation of MERA shows the presence of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics and tannins, phytosterols, reducing sugars, proteins and terpenoids. The results of in-vitro antioxidant evaluation of MERA reveal its capability to scavenging free radical at a lower concentration. The MERA did not show any visible signs of toxicity up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. The results obtained from our carrageenan and dextran-induced paw edema model study also proved the anti-inflammatory effect of MERA in rat model. Conclusion: The result shows the potential of MERA as an anti-inflammatory drug to reduce the signs of inflammation devoid of any toxic effect. Keywords: Rotula aquatica, Acute toxicity, Anti-inflammatory, Inflammation

The S-CO2 cooled pebble bed reactor (SCPBR) is a type of pebble bed reactors in which the supercritical carbon dioxide used as a coolant. In this study, the thermal-fluid phenomena in the SCPBR core, at different porosities (0.38, 0.4, and 0.42) and pebble diameters (3 cm, 8 cm and 12 cm) are numerically studied by developing a three-dimensional CFD model. ANSYS FLUENT 14.5, was used to carry out the numerical simulation. The results show that for a given pebble diameter, when the porosity is increased, the fluid and solid temperatures are almost the same, the pressure drop decreases, and the heat transfer coefficient increases. Also, it was found when the pebble diameter is increased, the fluid temperature is almost the same, the pressure drop and the heat transfer coefficient decrease, but the solid temperature increases. Keywords: CFD, Heat transfer coefficient, Porosity, Reactor, Pebble diameter

O‌v‌e‌r t‌h‌e p‌a‌s‌t d‌e‌c‌a‌d‌e‌s, t‌h‌e p‌r‌o‌d‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n o‌f c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t a‌s a k‌e‌y m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l i‌n c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e h‌a‌s b‌e‌e‌n i‌n‌c‌r‌e‌a‌s‌i‌n‌g d‌u‌e t‌o t‌h‌e n‌e‌e‌d o‌f c‌i‌v‌i‌l w‌o‌r‌k‌s t‌o t‌h‌i‌s v‌i‌t‌a‌l c‌o‌n‌s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l. H‌o‌w‌e‌v‌e‌r, t‌h‌e p‌r‌o‌d‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n p‌r‌o‌c‌e‌s‌s o‌f c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t i‌s c‌o‌s‌t‌l‌y a‌n‌d, m‌o‌r‌e i‌m‌p‌o‌r‌t‌a‌n‌t‌l‌y, i‌s n‌o‌t e‌n‌v‌i‌r‌o‌n‌m‌e‌n‌t‌a‌l‌l‌y-f‌r‌i‌e‌n‌d‌l‌y d‌u‌e t‌o t‌h‌e e‌m‌i‌s‌s‌i‌o‌n o‌f h‌u‌g‌e a‌m‌o‌u‌n‌t o‌f c‌a‌r‌b‌o‌n d‌i‌o‌x‌i‌d‌e ($C‌O_2$) i‌n t‌h‌e a‌t‌m‌o‌s‌p‌h‌e‌r‌e. R‌e‌d‌u‌c‌i‌n‌g c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t c‌o‌n‌s‌u‌m‌p‌t‌i‌o‌n i‌n c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e t‌h‌r‌o‌u‌g‌h p‌a‌r‌t‌i‌a‌l s‌u‌b‌s‌t‌i‌t‌u‌t‌i‌o‌n b‌y i‌n‌e‌x‌p‌e‌n‌s‌i‌v‌e e‌c‌o-f‌r‌i‌e‌n‌d‌l‌y m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l‌s c‌a‌n e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t‌i‌v‌e‌l‌y r‌e‌d‌u‌c‌e t‌h‌e e‌m‌i‌s‌s‌i‌o‌n o‌f g‌r‌e‌e‌n‌h‌o‌u‌s‌e g‌a‌s‌e‌s. C‌a‌l‌c‌i‌u‌m c‌a‌r‌b‌o‌n‌a‌t‌e ($C‌a‌C‌o_3$) w‌i‌d‌e‌l‌y a‌v‌a‌i‌l‌a‌b‌l‌e a‌s a w‌a‌s‌t‌e m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l d‌u‌r‌i‌n‌g w‌a‌s‌t‌e‌w‌a‌t‌e‌r t‌r‌e‌a‌t‌m‌e‌n‌t p‌r‌o‌c‌e‌s‌s c‌a‌n b‌e o‌n‌e o‌f t‌h‌o‌s‌e m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l‌s. I‌n t‌h‌i‌s p‌a‌p‌e‌r, t‌h‌e e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t‌s o‌f $C‌a‌C‌o_3$ c‌o‌v‌e‌r‌e‌d b‌y n‌a‌n‌o-c‌a‌r‌b‌o‌n l‌a‌y‌e‌r‌s o‌n t‌h‌e m‌e‌c‌h‌a‌n‌i‌c‌a‌l a‌s w‌e‌l‌l a‌s d‌u‌r‌a‌b‌i‌l‌i‌t‌y p‌r‌o‌p‌e‌r‌t‌i‌e‌s o‌f c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e a‌r‌e e‌x‌p‌e‌r‌i‌m‌e‌n‌t‌a‌l‌l‌y i‌n‌v‌e‌s‌t‌i‌g‌a‌t‌e‌d. I‌n t‌h‌e f‌i‌r‌s‌t p‌h‌a‌s‌e, t‌h‌e e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t o‌f c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t s‌u‌b‌s‌t‌i‌t‌u‌t‌i‌o‌n b‌y $C‌a‌C‌o_3$ c‌o‌v‌e‌r‌e‌d b‌y n‌a‌n‌o-c‌a‌r‌b‌o‌n l‌a‌y‌e‌r‌s o‌n t‌h‌e e‌a‌r‌l‌y s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h o‌f h‌i‌g‌h-s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e i‌s e‌v‌a‌l‌u‌a‌t‌e‌d t‌o d‌e‌t‌e‌r‌m‌i‌n‌e a r‌e‌a‌s‌o‌n‌a‌b‌l‌e r‌a‌n‌g‌e o‌f s‌u‌b‌s‌t‌i‌t‌u‌t‌i‌o‌n f‌o‌r t‌h‌e s‌e‌c‌o‌n‌d p‌h‌a‌s‌e. T‌h‌e i‌n‌f‌l‌u‌e‌n‌c‌e o‌f p‌a‌r‌t‌i‌a‌l c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t s‌u‌b‌s‌t‌i‌t‌u‌t‌i‌o‌n b‌y t‌h‌e‌s‌e p‌a‌r‌t‌i‌c‌l‌e‌s o‌n t‌h‌e c‌o‌m‌p‌r‌e‌s‌s‌i‌v‌e s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h i‌n d‌i‌f‌f‌e‌r‌e‌n‌t a‌g‌e‌s, t‌e‌n‌s‌i‌l‌e s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h, f‌l‌e‌x‌u‌r‌a‌l s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h, w‌a‌t‌e‌r a‌b‌s‌o‌r‌p‌t‌i‌o‌n c‌a‌p‌a‌c‌i‌t‌y, a‌n‌d e‌l‌e‌c‌t‌r‌i‌c‌a‌l r‌e‌s‌i‌s‌t‌i‌v‌i‌t‌y o‌f c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e i‌s i‌n‌v‌e‌s‌t‌i‌g‌a‌t‌e‌d i‌n t‌h‌e s‌e‌c‌o‌n‌d p‌h‌a‌s‌e. T‌h‌e r‌e‌s‌u‌l‌t‌s i‌n‌d‌i‌c‌a‌t‌e t‌h‌a‌t d‌u‌e t‌o t‌h‌e p‌r‌e‌s‌e‌n‌c‌e o‌f $C‌a‌C‌o_3$ p‌a‌r‌t‌i‌c‌l‌e‌s, t‌h‌e c‌o‌m‌p‌r‌e‌s‌s‌i‌v‌e s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h o‌f c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e r‌e‌m‌a‌i‌n‌s m‌o‌r‌e o‌r l‌e‌s‌s c‌o‌n‌s‌t‌a‌n‌t e‌v‌e‌n w‌i‌t‌h r‌e‌d‌u‌c‌i‌n‌g t‌h‌e a‌m‌o‌u‌n‌t o‌f c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t i‌n c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e. B‌a‌s‌e‌d o‌n t‌h‌e r‌e‌s‌u‌l‌t o‌b‌t‌a‌i‌n‌e‌d i‌n t‌h‌i‌s r‌e‌s‌e‌a‌r‌c‌h, u‌p t‌o 7 p‌e‌r‌c‌e‌n‌t o‌f c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t c‌o‌n‌t‌e‌n‌t i‌n c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e c‌a‌n b‌e s‌u‌b‌s‌t‌i‌t‌u‌t‌e‌d b‌y $C‌a‌C‌o_3$ p‌a‌r‌t‌i‌c‌l‌e‌s c‌o‌v‌e‌r‌e‌d b‌y n‌a‌n‌o-c‌a‌r‌b‌o‌n l‌a‌y‌e‌r‌s w‌i‌t‌h‌o‌u‌t r‌e‌m‌a‌r‌k‌a‌b‌l‌e r‌e‌d‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n i‌n m‌e‌c‌h‌a‌n‌i‌c‌a‌l p‌r‌o‌p‌e‌r‌t‌i‌e‌s o‌f h‌a‌r‌d‌e‌n‌e‌d c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e. B‌e‌a‌r‌i‌n‌g i‌n m‌i‌n‌d t‌h‌a‌t r‌e‌d‌u‌c‌i‌n‌g t‌h‌e a‌m‌o‌u‌n‌t o‌f $C‌o_2$ e‌m‌i‌s‌s‌i‌o‌n i‌s r‌e‌m‌a‌r‌k‌a‌b‌l‌y e‌s‌s‌e‌n‌t‌i‌a‌l f‌o‌r o‌u‌r e‌n‌v‌i‌r‌o‌n‌m‌e‌n‌t, u‌s‌i‌n‌g t‌h‌e‌s‌e p‌a‌r‌t‌i‌c‌l‌e‌s a‌s a p‌a‌r‌t‌i‌a‌l c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t s‌u‌b‌s‌t‌i‌t‌u‌t‌i‌o‌n i‌s a‌n e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t‌i‌v‌e w‌a‌y t‌o d‌e‌c‌r‌e‌a‌s‌e c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t c‌o‌n‌s‌u‌m‌p‌t‌i‌o‌n i‌n t‌h‌e c‌o‌n‌s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n i‌n‌d‌u‌s‌t‌r‌y, a‌n‌d h‌e‌n‌c‌e, t‌o r‌e‌d‌u‌c‌e t‌h‌e e‌m‌i‌s‌s‌i‌o‌n o‌f t‌h‌i‌s g‌a‌s.

N‌a‌t‌u‌r‌a‌l r‌e‌s‌o‌u‌r‌c‌e‌s, i‌n‌c‌l‌u‌d‌i‌n‌g m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l‌s, w‌a‌t‌e‌r, e‌n‌e‌r‌g‌y a‌n‌d f‌e‌r‌t‌i‌l‌e l‌a‌n‌d, a‌r‌e t‌h‌e b‌a‌s‌i‌s f‌o‌r o‌u‌r l‌i‌f‌e o‌n E‌a‌r‌t‌h. H‌o‌w‌e‌v‌e‌r, h‌u‌m‌a‌n‌i‌t‌y's r‌a‌p‌i‌d‌l‌y g‌r‌o‌w‌i‌n‌g c‌o‌n‌s‌u‌m‌p‌t‌i‌o‌n o‌f t‌h‌e‌s‌e r‌e‌s‌o‌u‌r‌c‌e‌s i‌s c‌a‌u‌s‌i‌n‌g s‌e‌v‌e‌r‌e d‌a‌m‌a‌g‌e. A‌c‌c‌o‌r‌d‌i‌n‌g t‌o t‌h‌e B‌r‌u‌n‌d‌t‌l‌a‌n‌d R‌e‌p‌o‌r‌t, s‌u‌s‌t‌a‌i‌n‌a‌b‌l‌e d‌e‌v‌e‌l‌o‌p‌m‌e‌n‌t i‌s a d‌e‌v‌e‌l‌o‌p‌m‌e‌n‌t t‌h‌a‌t m‌e‌e‌t‌s t‌h‌e n‌e‌e‌d‌s o‌f t‌h‌e p‌r‌e‌s‌e‌n‌t t‌i‌m‌e w‌i‌t‌h‌o‌u‌t c‌o‌m‌p‌r‌o‌m‌i‌s‌i‌n‌g t‌h‌e a‌b‌i‌l‌i‌t‌y o‌f f‌u‌t‌u‌r‌e g‌e‌n‌e‌r‌a‌t‌i‌o‌n‌s t‌o m‌e‌e‌t t‌h‌e‌i‌r o‌w‌n n‌e‌e‌d‌s. O‌n‌e o‌f t‌h‌e w‌a‌y‌s t‌o a‌c‌h‌i‌e‌v‌e s‌u‌s‌t‌a‌i‌n‌a‌b‌l‌e d‌e‌v‌e‌l‌o‌p‌m‌e‌n‌t i‌s t‌h‌e r‌e‌u‌s‌e o‌f w‌a‌s‌t‌e i‌n‌d‌u‌s‌t‌r‌i‌e‌s.C‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e i‌s o‌n‌e o‌f t‌h‌e m‌o‌s‌t w‌i‌d‌e‌l‌y u‌s‌e‌d m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l i‌n t‌h‌e w‌o‌r‌l‌d. D‌u‌e t‌o g‌r‌e‌e‌n‌h‌o‌u‌s‌e g‌a‌s e‌m‌i‌s‌s‌i‌o‌n‌s o‌r‌i‌g‌i‌n‌a‌t‌i‌n‌g f‌r‌o‌m c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t p‌r‌o‌d‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n a‌n‌d e‌x‌c‌e‌s‌s‌i‌v‌e u‌s‌i‌n‌g o‌f n‌a‌t‌u‌r‌a‌l a‌g‌g‌r‌e‌g‌a‌t‌e‌s, t‌h‌e c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e i‌n‌d‌u‌s‌t‌r‌y b‌e‌c‌o‌m‌e o‌n‌e o‌f t‌w‌o l‌a‌r‌g‌e‌s‌t p‌r‌o‌d‌u‌c‌e‌r‌s o‌f c‌a‌r‌b‌o‌n d‌i‌o‌x‌i‌d‌e (C‌O2), c‌r‌e‌a‌t‌i‌n‌g u‌p t‌o 5\% o‌f w‌o‌r‌l‌d‌w‌i‌d‌e m‌a‌n-m‌a‌d‌e e‌m‌i‌s‌s‌i‌o‌n‌s o‌f t‌h‌i‌s g‌a‌s. T‌h‌e‌r‌e‌f‌o‌r‌e, i‌n r‌e‌c‌e‌n‌t d‌e‌c‌a‌d‌e‌s, r‌e‌s‌e‌a‌r‌c‌h‌e‌r‌s t‌e‌n‌d t‌o u‌s‌e i‌n‌d‌u‌s‌t‌r‌i‌a‌l w‌a‌s‌t‌e i‌n c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e a‌n‌d r‌e‌d‌u‌c‌e t‌h‌e a‌m‌o‌u‌n‌t o‌f c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t i‌n c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e m‌i‌x‌t‌u‌r‌e.C‌o‌p‌p‌e‌r s‌l‌a‌g i‌s a b‌y-p‌r‌o‌d‌u‌c‌t o‌b‌t‌a‌i‌n‌e‌d d‌u‌r‌i‌n‌g s‌m‌e‌l‌t‌i‌n‌g a‌n‌d r‌e‌f‌i‌n‌i‌n‌g o‌f c‌o‌p‌p‌e‌r. T‌h‌e w‌a‌s‌t‌e c‌o‌p‌p‌e‌r s‌l‌a‌g c‌a‌n b‌e u‌s‌e‌d a‌s a‌b‌r‌a‌s‌i‌v‌e t‌o‌o‌l‌s, r‌o‌a‌d c‌o‌n‌s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n, a‌n‌d b‌a‌l‌l‌a‌s‌t. D‌e‌s‌p‌i‌t‌e i‌n‌c‌r‌e‌a‌s‌i‌n‌g r‌a‌t‌e o‌f r‌e‌u‌s‌i‌n‌g c‌o‌p‌p‌e‌r s‌l‌a‌g, t‌h‌e h‌u‌g‌e a‌m‌o‌u‌n‌t o‌f i‌t‌s a‌n‌n‌u‌a‌l p‌r‌o‌d‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n i‌s d‌i‌s‌p‌o‌s‌e‌d i‌n d‌u‌m‌p‌s o‌r s‌t‌o‌c‌k‌p‌i‌l‌e‌s t‌o d‌a‌t‌e a‌l‌l o‌v‌e‌r t‌h‌e w‌o‌r‌l‌d a‌n‌d a‌l‌s‌o i‌n I‌r‌a‌n. T‌h‌i‌s w‌a‌s‌t‌e m‌a‌t‌e‌r‌i‌a‌l c‌a‌n b‌e u‌t‌i‌l‌i‌z‌e‌d a‌s a s‌u‌b‌s‌t‌i‌t‌u‌t‌e f‌o‌r f‌i‌n‌e a‌g‌g‌r‌e‌g‌a‌t‌e (

The last deglaciation is an interval of marked changes in the climate system. The records of glaciation of tropical mountains offer unique opportunities to assess the timing of changes and the sensitivity of tropical climates to global and regional atmospheric phenomena. Here we summarize the existing knowledge on the glacial history of the highest mountains of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt (19.5°N) and Central America (Cuchumatanes in Guatemala, 15.5°N; Cerro Chirripó in Costa Rica, 9.5°N), focusing on the transition from the last local glacial maximum (LLGM) to the early Holocene, with some emphasis on records supported by cosmogenic nuclide dating. The LLGM in the mountains of Mexico (20-14 ka) and Central America (~21-18 ka) overlaps with the final part of the global Last Glacial Maximum (26.5-19 ka). A depression of the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) of glaciers of 1500-1000 m with respect to modern values is indicative of 9-6°C cooling. Deglaciation in Costa Rica started by 18 ka, while in Mexico glaciers remained at or near their maximum position until ~15 ka, probably due to the influence of Heinrich event 1. Glacier retreat commenced at 15-14 ka in central Mexico and accelerated from 14 to 13 ka, in coincidence with the Bølling-Allerød warming. A standstill or advance took place from 13 to 10.5 ka in Mexico. In Costa Rica, undated moraines formed between 18 and 10 ka. Full deglaciation across the region is recorded at ~10 ka, except on the mountains of central Mexico 4,200 m, and can be explained by a rise of the ELA of 300 to 450 m (warming of ~2-3°C) relative to the LLGM. In general, the deglacial records of central Mexico and Central America seem to be controlled by temperature. However, the temporal pattern of deglaciation of Costa Rica is similar to that of the northern tropical Andes, while the one from central Mexico is in agreement with the chronology of the western USA.

In the context of disaster-development nexus, an integrated approach to disaster risk reduction and development interventions from national to community had been lacking. The existing stand-alone approaches reduced aid effectiveness and proven to be not efficient for resilience investment. This paper discusses a new risk-sensitive approach to development planning piloted by DIPECHO (DIsaster Preparedness project of European Commission Humanitarian Office) partners in Sri Lanka by drawing lessons from past experiences in implementing stand-alone CBDRM and community development projects. A framework for integrating disaster resilience strategies within the development process is proposed from the reflections of the risk-sensitive development planning process. Keywords: Climate risks, Disaster management, Disaster risks, Regional development, Resilience, Sri Lanka

Objetivo: actualizar los resultados del registro BIOBADASAR sobre seguridad, duración y causas de interrupción del tratamiento luego de 8 años de seguimiento. Métodos: BIOBADASAR es un registro de seguridad de terapias biológicas establecido por la Sociedad Argentina de Reumatología. Se presenta la descripción de BIOBADASAR 3.0, una cohorte compuesta por 53 centros de Argentina seguidos prospectivamente desde agosto de 2010 hasta enero de 2018.

RESUMO O Amblyomma geayi é um carrapato da família Ixodidae, encontrado principalmente em mamíferos e aves silvestres de regiões tropicais da América do Sul. Descreve-se a ocorrência de um carrapato ixodídeo da espécie A. geayi, encontrado em uma preguiça (Bradypus variegatus) proveniente do Parque Zoobotânico da Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Amazônia Ocidental.

Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a associação entre mecânica respiratória e modulação autonómica em pacientes com obesidade mórbida. Foram avaliados 10 indivíduos com obesidade mórbida (IMC = 52,9 ± 11,2 kg/m2), com idade entre 23-58 anos. A avaliação da mecânica respiratória foi realizada com a técnica de oscilações forçadas e a função autonómica cardiovascular por meio da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC). O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi utilizado para testar as associações entre a mecânica respiratória e as variáveis de VFC. Houve associações entre o desvio padrão de todos os intervalos RR (SDNN) e a resistência de vias aéreas (Rm) (r = â0,82; p = 0,004), SDNN e resistência do sistema respiratório (R0) (r = â0,79; p = 0,006), raiz quadrada média das diferenças sucessivas entre intervalos RR normais adjacentes (rMSSD) e resistência do sistema respiratório (R5) (r = â0,643; p = 0,0451), rMSSD e R0 (r = â0,64; p = 0,047), e rMSSD e Rm (r = â0,658; p = 0,039). Concluímos que a resistência de vias aéreas e do sistema respiratório são negativamente associadas com a atividade parassimpática em pacientes com obesidade mórbida. Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the association between respiratory mechanics and autonomic modulation in morbidly obese patients. We evaluated 10 morbidly obese subjects (BMI = 52.9 ± 11.2 kg/m2), aged 23-58 years. Assessment of respiratory mechanics was done by the forced oscillation technique (FOT), and cardiovascular autonomic function was recorded by heart rate variability analysis (HRV). The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test the associations between respiratory mechanics and HRV variables. There were associations between the standard deviation of all RR intervals (SDNN) and airway resistance (Rm) (r = â0.82; p = 0.004), SDNN and respiratory system resistance (R0) (r = â0.79; p = 0.006), root mean square of successive differences between adjacent normal RR intervals (rMSSD) and respiratory system resistance (R5) (r = â0.643; p = 0.0451), rMSSD and R0 (r = â0.64; p = 0.047), and rMSSD and Rm (r = â0.658; p = 0.039). We concluded that the airway and respiratory system resistances are negatively associated with parasympathetic activity in patients with morbid obesity. Palavras-chave: Função pulmonar, Técnica de oscilação forçada, Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, Obesidade mórbida, Keywords: Pulmonary function, Forced oscillation technique, Heart rate variability, Morbid obesity

Although long regarded as the gold standard for liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis C (CHC), liver biopsy (LB) implies both the risk of an invasive procedure and significant variability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance for transient elastography (TE) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet index (APRI) used alone and in combination compared to liver biopsy and to analyze false positive/negative results. Patients with CHC, and no previous clinical diagnosis of cirrhosis were enrolled to undergo liver biopsy, TE and APRI. A total of 182 adult patients with a median age of 55 years and median body mass index of 26.71 kg/m2 were analyzed. On LB, 56% of patients had significant levels of fibrosis (METAVIR F≥2) and 28% had advanced fibrosis (F3/F4). The strongest performance for both tests was observed for exclusion of advanced fibrosis with good negative predictive values (89 and 86%, respectively). Low necroinflammatory activity on LB was associated with false negative TE. False positives were associated with NASH and smaller LB fragments. Correlation between APRI and Fibroscan for F≥2 was 100% and 84% for F≥3 and remained high in both false negative and false positive instances, correctly identifying F

ABSTRACT Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland that affects dairy cattle worldwide causing economic losses. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are the predominant cause of this type of infection. We have recently showed that coagulase-positive staphylococci could be misidentified. So, the aim of this study was to characterize the Staphylococcus spp. strains initially classified as coagulase-negative Staphylococci, isolated from buffalo with subclinical mastitis. Milk of buffaloes with mastitis in herds was collected and 9 strains were identified as CNS by phenotypic tests. Molecular methodologies latter identified the strains as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus chromogenes (5), coagulase-positive Staphylococcus hyicus (2) and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus (2). Our results strongly support the need to identify the isolates to a species level in order to avoid misidentification and to be aware of the classification using the coagulase test alone.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a GnRH synthetic analog, as an estrous inducer in female dogs when administered during the anestrous phase, and to evaluate the pregnancy rate achieved through natural copulation. For this purpose, ten female dogs of different breeds were used. The subjects received buserelin by intramuscular injections at a dose of 2,1mcg when female dogs weighed up to 10kg (Group 1) and of 4,2mcg when the dogs weighed above 10kg (Group 2). Of the ten subjects, only three presented estrus after a single injection of buserelin: two dogs from Group 1 and one dog from Group 2 on average 7±1.29 days. The remaining seven dogs were given a second dose of buserelin, equal to the first administration. Of these, three belonged to Group 1 and four to Group 2. Four of these dogs exhibited clinical signs of estrus within, on average 9±7.3 days from the second injection. The seven female dogs that did enter estrus were fertilized successfully through natural copulation. The administration of buserelin was effective in inducing estrus in female dogs during the anestrous phase, with a maximum of two administrations.

Background and Purpose: Isocitrate dehydrogenase ( IDH ) mutation and 1p/19q codeletion classify adult-type diffuse gliomas into 3 tumor subtypes with distinct prognoses. We aimed to evaluate the performance of edited MR spectroscopy for glioma subtyping in a clinical setting, via the quantification of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) and cystathionine. The delay between this noninvasive classification and the integrated histomolecular analysis was also quantified., Materials and Methods: Subjects with presumed low-grade gliomas eligible for surgery (cohort 1) and subjects with IDH -mutant gliomas previously treated and with progressive disease (cohort 2) were prospectively examined with a single-voxel Mescher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy sequence at 3T. Spectra were quantified using LCModel. The Cramér-Rao lower bounds threshold was set to 20%. Integrated histomolecular analysis according to the 2021 WHO classification was considered as ground truth., Results: Thirty-four consecutive subjects were enrolled. Due to poor spectra quality and lack of histologic specimens, data from 26 subjects were analyzed. Twenty-one belonged to cohort 1 (11 women; median age, 42 years); and 5, to cohort 2 (3 women; median age, 48 years). Edited MR spectroscopy showed 100% specificity for detection of IDH -mutation and 91% specificity for the prediction of 1p/19q-codeletion status. Sensitivities for the prediction of IDH and 1p/19q codeletion were 69% and 33%, respectively. The median Cramér-Rao lower bounds values were 16% (13%-28%) for IDH -mutant and 572% (554%-999%) for IDH wild type tumors. The time between MR spectroscopy and surgery was longer for low-grade than for high-grade gliomas ( P  = .03), yet the time between MR spectroscopy and WHO diagnosis did not differ between grades ( P  = .07), possibly reflecting molecular analyses-induced delays in high-grade gliomas., Conclusions: Our results, acquired in a clinic setting, confirmed that edited MR spectroscopy is highly specific for both IDH- mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion predictions and can provide a faster prognosis stratification. In the upcoming IDH-inhibitor treatment era, incorporation of edited MR spectroscopy into clinical workflow is desirable., (© 2025 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.)

Background and Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be a chronic condition carrying risk of future sequelae; few prospective studies examine long-term postinjury outcomes. We examined the prevalence of functional, cognitive, and psychiatric change outcomes from 1 to 7 years postinjury., Methods: Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI LONG (TRACK-TBI LONG) participants were prospectively enrolled within 24 hours of injury and followed up to 1 year postinjury; a subset participated in long-term follow-up from 2 to 7 years postinjury. Reliable change thresholds for the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone General Composite (cognition) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)-18 (psychiatric) were derived from orthopedic trauma controls (OTCs). Multiple assessments were completed (postinjury baseline assessment and 2 or 3 visits 2-7 years postinjury) within a sample subset. Change was assessed for functional outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended [GOSE]) and self-report/informant report of decline. Prevalence ratios for outcomes classified as stable, improved, and declined were reported individually and collectively. The Fisher exact test and log-binomial regression models examined factors associated with decline and improvement., Results: Of the sample (N = 1,264; mild TBI [mTBI], Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] 13-15, n = 917; moderate-to-severe TBI [msTBI], GCS 3-12, n = 193; or OTC n = 154), "stable" was the most prevalent outcome. Functional outcome showed the highest rates of decline, regardless of TBI severity (mild = 29%; moderate/severe = 23%). When measures were collectively considered, rates of decline included mTBI (21%), msTBI (26%), and OTC (15%). Age and preinjury employment status were associated with functional decline (per 10 years; relative risk [RR] 1.16, 95% CI 1.07-1.25, p < 0.001; higher in retired/disabled/not working vs full-time/part-time; RR 1.81, 95% CI 1.33-2.45, respectively) in the mTBI group. Improvement in functional recovery 2-7 years postinjury was associated with higher BSI scores (per 5 points; RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04-1.18, p = 0.002) and GOSE score of 5-7 (GOSE = 8 as reference; RR 2.64, 95% CI 1.75-3.97, p < 0.001). Higher BSI scores and identifying as Black (RR 2.28, 95% CI 1.59-3.25, p < 0.001) were associated with a greater likelihood of improved psychiatric symptoms in mTBI (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.14-1.29, p < 0.001). A greater likelihood of cognitive improvement was observed among those with higher educational attainment in msTBI (per 4 years; RR 2.61, 95% CI 1.43-4.79, p = 0.002)., Discussion: Function across domains at 1-year postinjury, a common recovery benchmark, undergoes change across the subsequent 6 years. Results support consideration of TBI as a chronic evolving condition and suggest continued monitoring, rehabilitation, and support is required to optimize long-term independence and quality of life., (© 2023 American Academy of Neurology.)