68 results on '"M. Wathelet"'
Search Results
2. Impact d’une vidéo pédagogique sur les croyances et représentations relatives à l’électro-convulsivothérapie chez les psychiatres des Hauts-de-France et d’Occitanie
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Thomas Fovet, S. Pawlak, Ali Amad, F. Olivier, and M. Wathelet
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03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Psychology ,Humanities ,030227 psychiatry - Abstract
Resume Introduction Malgre une efficacite demontree et une bonne tolerance, l’electro-convulsivotherapie (ECT) est sous-utilisee en pratique courante. Les representations negatives dont souffre ce traitement pourraient expliquer en partie ce constat. L’objectif principal de cette etude etait d’evaluer l’impact d’une video pedagogique sur les croyances et representations relatives a l’ECT chez les psychiatres et internes de psychiatrie du Nord et d’Occitanie. Methode Nous avons evalue les representations relatives a l’ECT via le Questionnaire on Attitudes and Knowledge of ECT (QuAKE) avant (T0) et apres (T1) le visionnage d’une courte video pedagogique. Les scores QuAKE a T0 et T1 ont ete compares avec un test de Student apparie. Les facteurs associes a l’amelioration des representations etaient recherches au moyen d’un modele de regression logistique. Resultats Au total, 195 reponses ont ete obtenues. Le score QuAKE a T1 etait significativement meilleur qu’a T0 (29,4 a T1 vs 31,5 a T0, p Discussion Notre etude montre l’impact positif d’une courte video pedagogique sur les croyances et representations de l’ECT chez les psychiatres. L’utilisation large de ce type de medias, permettant information et destigmatisation, pourrait optimiser considerablement l’acces a l’ECT pour les patients.
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- 2021
3. The 3114: A new professional helpline to swing the French suicide prevention in a new paradigm
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C-E. Notredame, M. Wathelet, M. Morgiève, P. Grandgenèvre, C. Debien, C. Mannoni, N. Pauwels, F. Ducrocq, E. Leaune, P. Binder, S. Berrouiguet, M. Walter, P. Courtet, G. Vaiva, P. Thomas, CHU Lille, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience [Lille] (CN2R), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Fédération régionale de la recherche en psychiatrie et santé mentale Hauts-de-France [Lille] ( F2RSM Psy), Centre Emma Ventura [CHU de la Martinique] (CEV [Fort de France]), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Réseau des médecins ADOC Association RELAIS.17 (ADOC), Observatoire Régional de la Santé Poitou-Charentes (ORS Poitou-Charentes), Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale (LaTIM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), CHRU Brest - Psychiatrie Adulte (CHU - Brest- Psychiatrie), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Soins Primaires, Santé Publique, Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale (EA7479 SPURBO), Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Axe 3 : organisation structurale multiéchelle des matériaux (SPCTS-AXE3), Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CERMES3 - Centre de recherche Médecine, sciences, santé, santé mentale, société (CERMES3 - UMR 8211 / U988 / UM 7), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Poitiers, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Helpline services have been identified as an important component of suicide prevention strategies. While the Covid-19 pandemic have raised major concerns about severe and longstanding mental health consequences, the French ministry of Health has recently decidedto implement a national professional helpline dedicated to suicide prevention. The 3114 has been launched on the 1st of October 2021. Accessible 24/7 from any point of the national territory, it offers remote assistance to individuals in distress or worried for a close one,professionals and bereaved persons. Spread in regional call centers, medically supervised nurses and psychologists provide callers with listening, evaluation, intervention (including possible dispatch of a rescue team) and, whenever needed, referral to adapted services. At the same time, the “3114 centers” contribute to the implementation of the regional suicide prevention strategies by stimulating the development of actions, promoting resources, monitoring at-risk events, and collaborating with professional and associative stakeholders. From a public health perspective, the inception of the 3114 has settled the conditions for a new paradigm in the French suicide prevention strategy. By dedicating specific resources to promote and organize interactions between stakeholders, it supports a major shift from the juxtaposition of efficient but segregated actions to the creation of an integrated prevention system. Embedded to the project, multidisciplinary and multilevel research will be carried out to evaluate the implementation, impact, and transferability of the 3114 model, conceived both as a helpline and territorial prevention strategy.
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- 2022
4. Impact de la formation à l’intervention de crise suicidaire sur la confiance et les aptitudes des professionnels hospitaliers des Hauts-de-France
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M.-C. Viard, P. Grandgenèvre, M. Bubrovszky, E. Coisne, L. Plancke, C.-E. Notredame, and M. Wathelet
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) - Published
- 2022
5. Contribution of women authors in French medical journals from 1983 to 2019
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A. Schohn, M. Wathelet, and G. Noël
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Oncology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Abstract
Despite the feminization of the medical profession, the academic world remains largely male-dominated. Several studies conducted in the English-speaking world have shown that women are published less than men. Our goal is to define the evolution of the role of women in five French medical journals.The articles from five French journals (Revue du Praticien, Bulletin du Cancer, Exercer, Presse Médicale, Cancer/Radiothérapie) published in February between 1983 and 2019 were included. We selected twelve years from that period of time. The analysis was completed using Cochran-Armitage tests with a significance level of0,05. Among the authors, 4397 were included in total and we were able to determine the gender of 4309 of them.The percentage of female authors went from 16% in 1983 to 36.4% in 2019 (p0.001). This rise is more significant for those specializing in surgery than for those specializing in medicine, with a percentage going from 14% to 38.5% (p0.001) against 16.8% to 35.4% (p0.001) respectively. In 2019, women still only represent 30.2% of the last authors, 27.6% of editorial authors and 30.6% of corresponding authors.Our study underlines a significant increase in the number of female authors and highlights that their position as authors remains on the margins of the most prestigious authorial positions. While we can celebrate this increase, we nevertheless notice that there are fewer female authors than female practitioners.
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- 2022
6. Description des hospitalisations avant et après un passage aux urgences pour tentatives de suicide
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C. Saint-Dizier, P. Kfoury, T. Fovet, A. Amad, M. Wathelet, A. Amariei, and A. Lamer
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Epidemiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2023
7. Saisonnalité de la catatonie en France
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C. Saint-Dizier, T. Mastellari, A. Amariei, T. Fovet, M. Wathelet, A. Lamer, and A. Amad
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Epidemiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2023
8. Description des hospitalisations en unités pour malades difficiles de 2012 à 2021
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A. Lamer, C. Saint-Dizier, M. Wathelet, M. Horn, P. Thomas, O. Guillin, M. Coldefy, F. D'Hondt, A. Amad, and T. Fovet
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Epidemiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2023
9. [Impact of the suicidal crisis intervention training program on the confidence and skills of hospital professionals in the Hauts-de-France region]
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M-C, Viard, P, Grandgenèvre, M, Bubrovszky, E, Coisne, L, Plancke, C-E, Notredame, and M, Wathelet
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Suicide is a major public health issue given its huge human and economic consequences. Symptoms prior to suicide are often not specific. Nevertheless, the majority of suicidal people express suicidal thoughts, and nearly one in two meet a health professional in the period preceding the act. Being able to recognize the warnings and intervene during the suicidal crisis, defined as a mental crisis where the major risk is suicide, is to seize the opportunity to postpone the suicidal plan and to gain time to implement in place lasting strategies to combat suffering. Thus, the training for suicidal crisis intervention is a major axis of the suicide prevention strategy. Recently, crisis intervention training programs have been updated with knowledge accumulated since the early 2000's. In France, one of the countries most concerned by suicide, the Hauts-de-France region is one of the most impacted. In this context, the Regional Health Agency of Hauts-de-France included in its Regional Health Program of 2018-2023 the training of healthcare workers who work with high suicidal risk patients. The suicidal crisis intervention training program (SCIT) has been introduced to hospital staffs in Hauts-de-France. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this program.Eight training sessions with 15 to 21 participants were carried out from 2019 November to 2021 January in the Hauts-de-France region. Participants were volunteer healthcare professionals in direct contact with suicidal crisis patients. The training included three modules. The first one concerned the suicidal crisis intervention training: definition of the suicidal crisis, typology of the crisis, vulnerability development, crisis evaluation and crisis intervention practice. The second concerned the evaluation with the RED scale (Risk-Emergency-Danger) and the adequate patient orientation to a psychiatric unit. The third was dedicated to the Gatekeeper training with the constitution of a Gatekeeper network to enhance the capacity to detect suicidal risk and to orient the concerned person towards an adequate evaluation or care organization. We evaluated the first two levels of the Kirkpatrick's model: level 1) the participant's satisfaction (rated out of 10), and level 2) the degree of confidence in their professional abilities (rated out of 10) and their skills in responding to a person in a suicidal crisis (using the SIRI-2-VF - French version of the Suicide Intervention Response Inventory-2). The participants were interviewed before (T0), just after (T1) and at one month of training (T2).Among the 141 health professionals who followed the training, 139 answered the questionnaire at least one time (13 psychologists, 22 doctors, 97 nurses and 7 head nurses). The participation rates were 99.3 % at T0, 96.4 % at T1 and 46.0 % at T2. Most of the participants were nurses (69.8 %), and 33.1 % of the respondents declared they had already followed a suicidal crisis training. The satisfaction with the training was evaluated at 8.6 (± 1.3) out of 10. There was no significant difference among the professions, neither between those having already received or not a previous training. The self-perceived capacity to manage a suicidal crisis was rate 6.8 (± 1.8) out of 10 at T0. There was a significant increase just after the training (8.1±1.2 vs 6,8±1,8, p0,001) which persisted at 1 month (8.1±1.1 vs 6.8±1.8, P0.001). The score at the SIRI-2-VF was 15.0 (± 4.2) out of 30 at T0. There was a significant increase just after the training (17.5±3.5 vs 15.0±4.2, P0.001), which persisted at 1 month (17.0±4.0 vs 15.0±4.2, P0.001).This is the first evaluation of the suicidal crisis intervention training program. This program increased and homogenized the competency of the participants to manage suicidal ideation and behaviors. Those who followed a previous training maintained higher scores than the others, which shows the importance of repeated training to maintain a satisfying level of knowledge over the long term. One of the strengths of this training is the use of roleplay which enhances the learning and abilities to interact with people at suicidal risk. It seems important to integrate a suicidal crisis intervention training in the cursus of health students to avoid suicide and the dramatic consequences for the entourage and the health professionals who are confronted with it.The SCIT program showed encouraging results in terms of confidence and capacity of the healthcare professionals to intervene in suicidal crisis.
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- 2022
10. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on the consumption of anxiolytics, hypnotics and antidepressants according to age groups: a French nationwide study
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M. Levaillant, M. Wathelet, A. Lamer, E. Riquin, B. Gohier, J.-F. Hamel-Broza, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience [Lille] (CN2R), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), None, Chard-Hutchinson, Xavier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog (ex-JPARC)), Centre National de Ressources et Résilience (CN2R), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA)
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pharmacoepidemiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,COVID-19 ,psychiatry ,psychotropic drugs ,3. Good health ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,0302 clinical medicine ,Original Article ,030212 general & internal medicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Applied Psychology ,mental health - Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated sanitary measures on mental health, especially among adolescents and young adults. Such a context may raise many concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic long-term psychological effects. An analysis of administrative databases could be an alternative and complementary approach to medical interview-based epidemiological surveys to monitor the mental health of the population. We conducted a nationwide study to describe the consumption of anxiolytics, antidepressants and hypnotics during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the five previous years. Methods A historic cohort study was conducted by extracting and analysing data from the French health insurance database between 1 January 2015 and 28 February 2021. Individuals were classified into five age-based classes. Linear regression models were performed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic period on the number of drug consumers, in introducing an interaction term between time and COVID-19 period. Results Since March 2020, in all five age groups and all three drug categories studied, the number of patients reimbursed weekly has increased compared to the period from January 2015 to February 2020. The youngest the patients, the more pronounced the magnitude. Conclusions Monitoring the consumption of psychiatric medications could be of great interest as reliable indicators are essential for planning public health strategies. A post-crisis policy including reliable monitoring of mental health must be anticipated.
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- 2021
11. [Impact of an educational video on the representations of electroconvulsive therapy among psychiatrists in Hauts-de-France and Occitanie]
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S, Pawlak, M, Wathelet, F, Olivier, T, Fovet, and A, Amad
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Psychiatry ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Educational Status ,Humans ,Electroconvulsive Therapy - Abstract
Despite its effectiveness and good tolerance, electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) is under-used in current clinical practice probably because of stigma and the negative image of this treatment. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an educational video on the representations of ECT among psychiatrists and psychiatric residents in the North and in Occitanie districts of France.We evaluated the representations of ECT through the Questionnaire on Attitudes and Knowledge of ECT (QuAKE) before (T0) and after (T1) viewing a short educational video. Scores at T0 and T1 were compared with a paired t-test. Factors associated with the improvement of the representations were investigated using a logistic regression model.In all, 195 responses were obtained. The QuAKE score at T1 was significantly better than at T0 (29.4 at T1 vs. 31.5 at T0, P0.001). The more negative the representations were at T0, the higher the probability of a decrease in the score at T1 (OR=1.07 [1.02-1.13], P=0.003).Our study showed a beneficial effect of a short educational video on psychiatrists' representations of ECT. The wide use of this type of media, allowing information and destigmatization, could considerably optimize access to ECT for patients.
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- 2020
12. Connaissances des jeunes sur la dépression et la recherche d’aide et évaluation de la thématique « santé mentale et prévention du suicide » du service sanitaire
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C. Guénard, P. Thomas, M. Wathelet, C.-E. Notredame, and P. Aly
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Introduction L’adolescence est une periode a risque pour la sante mentale. En 2018, le service sanitaire pour tous les etudiants en sante (SSES) a ete cree et une thematique sante mentale et prevention du suicide (SMPS) a ete proposee dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais (NPDC). L’objectif principal de l’etude etait d’evaluer les connaissances des jeunes sur la depression et la recherche d’aide puis d’evaluer la thematique SMPS en matiere de satisfaction des adolescents quant a la formation recue et d’amelioration des connaissances. Methodes Les collegiens et lyceens du NPDC ayant recu la formation SMPS en 2018-2019 ont ete invites a repondre a un questionnaire avant (T0) et apres (T1) la formation. Les connaissances a T0 ont ete decrites puis la thematique SMPS a ete evaluee en explorant les 2 premiers niveaux du modele de Kirkpatrick : satisfaction et connaissances. La satisfaction a ete mesuree via la Student Satisfaction Scale a T1, et les connaissances via une adaptation francaise du Friend in Need Questionnaire a T0 et T1. Cette adaptation comprenait 2 personnages (Chole, depressive, et Lea, non depressive) a evaluer. L’evolution des reponses entre T0 et T1 ont ete comparees au moyen de tests de Chi2 ou de Fisher et de t-tests apparies. Resultats Au total, 676 eleves ont ete analyses dont 69,6 % etaient collegiens. Les eleves etaient plus inquiets pour Chloe (p Conclusion Bien que les eleves differencient l’etat de Chloe et Lea, ils sont encore tres nombreux a ne pas identifier la detresse et la necessite d’aide pour des camarades en difficultes. La thematique SMPS n’a pas ameliore les connaissances. Des etudes complementaires visant a reaxer la formation ou ameliorer l’evaluation sont necessaires.
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- 2019
13. Étude de la fréquence de l’addiction à l’alcool, au tabac et/ou au cannabis chez les anciens sportifs de haut niveau français
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C.-L. Charrel, A. Amariei, T. Danel, L. Plancke, S. Duhem, M. Wathelet, and A. Bastien
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Contexte Bien que les sportifs de haut niveau (SHN) aient ete etudies a de nombreuses reprises par rapport a leur usage de produits, peu d’etudes se sont interessees a leur devenir, apres l’arret de leur carriere sportive. L’objectif de cette etude etait de mesurer la prevalence d’au moins une addiction parmi les addictions a l’alcool, au tabac et au cannabis chez les anciens SHN. Methode Cette etude epidemiologique, observationnelle, transversale et descriptive a inclus les anciens SHN francais inscrits sur les listes ministerielles de SHN elite ou senior entre 2006 et 2016 et âges de plus de 18 ans. Un auto-questionnaire anonyme a ete envoye par mail aux federations sportives afin qu’elles le transmettent aux anciens SHN. Cet auto-questionnaire recueillait des donnees sociodemographiques, les questionnaires AUDIT (evaluation de l’addiction a l’alcool), FAGERSTROM (evaluation de l’addiction au tabac) et CAST (evaluation de l’addiction au cannabis), des donnees sur les consommations des substances psychoactives et des donnees sur l’evolution des consommations depuis l’arret du sport de haut niveau. Une addiction etait consideree comme etant presente pour un score superieur ou egal a 8 a l’AUDIT et a 3 au FAGERSTROM et au CAST. Resultats Deux cent onze anciens SHN ont ete inclus dans cette etude ; 17,1 % d’entre eux presentaient au moins une addiction parmi les addictions a l’alcool, au tabac et au cannabis. Parmi les sujets, 11,8 % presentaient une addiction a l’alcool, 5,6 % une addiction au tabac et 3,7 % une addiction au cannabis. Depuis l’arret de la carriere sportive, la consommation de tabac avait augmente chez 12,3 % des anciens SHN et celle de cannabis chez 6,6 % d’entre eux. Conclusion Les anciens SHN representent une population a risque de developper des addictions a l’alcool et au cannabis. La mise en place d’un suivi medical au moment de la transition entre la carriere sportive et la retraite sportive semblerait etre pertinente afin de reduite les risques d’addiction aux substances.
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- 2019
14. État de la santé mentale des femmes incarcérées dans les Hauts-de-France
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S. Duhem, P. Thomas, K. Monrose, C.-L. Charrel, M. Wathelet, and F. Agneray
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Introduction Au 1er janvier 2018, 2975 femmes etaient ecrouees, representant 3,5 % de la population carcerale francaise. Une proportion stable qui regroupe un nombre croissant de femmes, pour certaines porteuses ou vulnerables a des pathologies psychiatriques dont l’importance a ete demontree par plusieurs etudes. Cependant, peu d’entre elles se focalisent sur les femmes incarcerees. L’objectif de cette these est de caracteriser la population carcerale feminine des Hauts-de-France en termes cliniques et sociodemographiques. Methode Une etude observationnelle transversale et multicentrique regroupant les informations concernant l’ensemble de la population de femmes detenues dans les etablissements penitenciers de la region au cours de l’annee 2018. Des donnees anonymisees sociodemographiques, cliniques, judiciaires et de prise en charge ont ete recueillies a partir du dossier medical des patients. Resultats Au total, 466 patientes ont ete inclues durant l’annee 2018. Il s’agit de femmes âgees en moyenne de 35,7 ans, pour la plupart celibataires (9,7 %), 6 % d’entre elles sont mariees ou vivent maritalement, avec enfant(s). Elles sont pour la plupart condamnees (taux de prevenues entre 26,57 et 29,95 %) et principalement au motif d’atteintes aux personnes humaines. Les diagnostics principaux retenus sont les troubles de l’adaptation (23,8 %), les troubles addictifs (34,6 % dont 23,6 % d’addiction aux substances illicites) et les troubles de personnalite (15,6 %). Les prevalences retrouvees sont plus importantes qu’en population generale de meme sexe d’un facteur allant de 7,5 a 19 selon les pathologies et les sources. Conclusion Outre son interet epidemiologique, cette etude souligne les particularites de cette population en termes de sante mentale. Une focalisation systematique permettrait une meilleure comprehension et une offre de soin adaptee aux besoins des femmes incarcerees.
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- 2019
15. Le dégarélix dans la prise en charge des auteurs de violence sexuelle
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T. Séguret, S. Duhem, L. Le Pen, A. Lefebvre, M. Wathelet, J. Prasivoravong, C.-L. Charrel, and V. Parmentier
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Contexte Les violences sexuelles sont un probleme majeur de sante publique. La prescription medicamenteuse chez les personnes qui presentent un trouble paraphilique ou une activite sexuelle excessive avec ou sans trouble des impulsions (TP/ASE) est un enjeu important qui doit s’inscrire dans un cadre ethique respectueux. Objectif Realiser un etat des lieux des pratiques de prescription des psychiatres chez les personnes qui ont un TP/ASE. Materiels et methode Il s’agit d’une enquete transversale menee aupres de psychiatres des Hauts-de-France et des centres ressources pour les intervenants aupres des auteurs de violences sexuelles (CRIAVS). Un web questionnaire a ete diffuse par la Federation regionale de recherche en sante mentale et psychiatrie (F2RSMpsy) des Hauts-de-France de septembre 2018 a novembre 2018. Des analyses quantitatives descriptives ont ete realisees. Resultats Soixante-dix-huit psychiatres ont repondu au questionnaire. Ils exercent en centre medico-psychologique pour 65,4 % d’entre eux, en milieu penitentiaire pour 17,9 % et 12,8 % declarent une activite en CRIAVS avec un equilibre entre hommes et femmes. Alors que 93,6 % des psychiatres interroges declarent traiter eux-memes les personnes souffrant d’un TP/ASE, 86,5 % d’entre eux disent ne pas se sentir completement a l’aise dans cette prise en charge. Seul 29,5 % d’entre eux auraient beneficie d’une formation specifique. Les recommandations HAS ne sont pas appliquees dans 65,8 % des cas. Les inhibiteurs de la recapture de la serotonine sont les molecules les plus prescrites (83,6 %), notamment chez les experts. L’acetate de cyproterone est la molecule d’hormonotherapie la plus prescrite (64,6 %). Seuls, 2,5 % des psychiatres repondants prescrivent de la triptoreline en intramusculaire contre 13,7 % en sous-cutane. Le degalerix ou la leuproreline ne sont pas ou tres peu utilises. Les autres molecules prescrites dans ces indications sont des thymoregulateurs et des neuroleptiques a visee anti-impulsive ou inhibitrice de la libido. Conclusion Cette enquete met en evidence un besoin d’ameliorer et d’uniformiser les pratiques de prescription des psychiatres aupres des personnes qui ont un TP/ASE afin d’optimiser la prise en charge de ces usagers. Et surtout de developper l’information et la formation. Mais expriment-ils un interet ?
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- 2019
16. Évaluation de la thématique « santé mentale et prévention du suicide » du service sanitaire selon la méthode de Kirkpatrick
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P. Aly, C. Guénard, P. Thomas, M. Wathelet, and C.-E. Notredame
- Abstract
Introduction La necessite d’un effort de prevention dedie a la sante mentale des etudiants en sante est regulierement soulignee dans la litterature. En 2018, le service sanitaire pour tous les etudiants en sante (SSES) a ete cree et une thematique sante mentale et prevention du suicide (SMPS) a ete proposee dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais (NPDC). L’objectif de l’etude etait d’evaluer l’impact de cette thematique chez les etudiants en sante. Methodes Les etudiants du NPDC engages dans le SSES 2018–2019 ont repondu a un questionnaire en septembre (T0) et en mai (T1). Les etudiants du groupe SMPS ont ete compares a ceux affectes a un autre groupe. Pour evaluer la thematique, les 3 premiers niveaux du modele de Kirkpatrick ont ete explores : – la satisfaction via la Student Satisfaction Scale ; – les representations via le Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire (SBAQ) et le questionnaire Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form ; – les comportements en demandant aux etudiants s’ils avaient identifie ou aide des personnes ayant un probleme de sante mentale ou s’ils avaient consulte pour raison de sante mentale. Un appariement 2 :1 sur un score de propension a ete realise, ainsi qu’une imputation multiple par equations chainees. La satisfaction et les comportements ont ete compares a T1 via des tests de Student ou de Chi2. Les changements de representations ont ete detectes via un terme d’interaction temps*groupe dans des modeles lineaires mixtes ajustes sur le score de propension. Resultats Cent quarante-quatre participants apparies (48 dans le groupe SMPS) ont ete analyses. Les etudiants du groupe SMPS etaient plus satisfaits de la formation (4,7 vs 3,6, p Conclusion Le theme MHSP montre des resultats encourageants quant a sa capacite a changer les representations et les comportements des etudiants en sante. Des recherches supplementaires sont necessaires pour evaluer l’impact de la formation MHSP sur les donnees cliniques (niveau 4 du modele de Kirkpatrick).
- Published
- 2019
17. ANR EXAMIN DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR SEISMIC RISK AND LOSS ASSESSMENT BASED ON 'PHYSICS-BASED' WAVE PROPAGATION SIMULATION ACCOUNTING FOR LOCAL AND REGIONAL VARIABILITY. • Identification of local spatial variability, modelling of regional and local spatial variability • Physics based simulation : provides metamodel for the creation of ground motion intensity maps (instead of GMPE) + waveforms for structural analyses Application to Grenoble basin
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I Zentner, F De Martin, C Cornou, P Gehl, P Sochala, A Imtiaz, K Meza-Fajardo, E Chaljub, G Devesa, G Senfaute, B Guillier, M Wathelet, V Alves-Fernandes, and E Maufroy
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- 2018
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18. Human Papillomavirus preventive strategies in Northern France: is there a double generation burden?
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D Bonte, MB Ben Hadj Yahia, M Wathelet, and F Irdel
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Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Environmental health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Medicine ,Human papillomavirus ,business - Published
- 2015
19. Influence of the Parameterization and a Priori Information on the Inversion of Surface Waves – Parametrical Study and Application
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M. Wathelet and D. Jongmans
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Regional geology ,symbols.namesake ,Surface wave ,Engineering geology ,Mathematical analysis ,symbols ,A priori and a posteriori ,Inversion (meteorology) ,Economic geology ,Rayleigh scattering ,Geomorphology ,Geology ,Environmental geology - Abstract
Inversion of Rayleigh dispersion curve does not provide one unique solution and the choice of the parameterization (number of layers, range of velocity and thickness values for the layers) is of prime importance for obtaining reliable results. The number of solutions can be reduced by a priori information (geologic log), as well as by the use of other sets of data, which can be easily introduced in the inversion process using direct search inversion techniques. The method is illustrated on both synthetic and real cases.
- Published
- 2007
20. Non linear inversion of noise array measurements for determining S-wave velocity vertical profiles
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M. Ohrnberger, M. Wathelet, T. Camelbeeck, D. Jongmans, and F. Scherbaum
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Regional geology ,Earthquake engineering ,Hydrogeology ,Engineering geology ,S-wave ,Borehole ,Economic geology ,Igneous petrology ,Geomorphology ,Geology ,Seismology ,Physics::Geophysics - Abstract
The knowledge of the shear wave velocity (VS) profile at a given site is of major importance in earthquake engineering. The geophysical techniques generally used in soil dynamics to obtain shear wave velocity as a function of depth are the borehole tests (Jongmans, 1992), which are expensive and limited to shallow depths.
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- 2003
21. Geophysical investigation of the large séchilienne gravitational movement, The Alps (France)
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J. M. Vengeon, D. Jongmans, M. Jeannin, M. Wathelet, A. Giraud, and O. Meric
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Glaciology ,Regional geology ,Depth sounding ,Data acquisition ,Engineering geology ,Inversion (meteorology) ,Economic geology ,Geomorphology ,Geology ,Environmental geology ,Remote sensing - Abstract
DC-resistivity methods have many applications in environmental geophysics. The development of fast data acquisition systems e.g. the Pulled Array Continuous Electrical Sounding (PACES) system (Serensen, 1996) or the CVES-systems (van Overmeeren and Ritsema, 1988) have made DC-resistivity methods practicable in large-scale mapping of near-surface structures (Moller and Sorensen, 1998). For the PACES system data are collected at every one metre in 8 electrode configurations resulting in about 80 000 - 120 000 data values per day (10 - 15 km profile). Data collected that dense along profiles naturally leads to interpretations by 2D inversion procedures. However, 2D interpretation of that large amounts of data is computational intensive. Therefore, we propose an alternative interpretation scheme in this paper.
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- 2002
22. Full-length sequence and expression of the 42 kDa 2-5A synthetase induced by human interferon
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M. Wathelet, S. Moutschen, A. Cravador, L. DeWit, P. Defilippi, G. Huez, and J. Content
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Translation ,Cytoplasm ,Microinjections ,RNA Splicing ,DNA, Recombinant ,Biophysics ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Xenopus laevis ,Structural Biology ,Transcription (biology) ,Complementary DNA ,2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Coding region ,Amino Acid Sequence ,RNA, Messenger ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Cellular localization ,Cell Nucleus ,Nucleoplasm ,Base Sequence ,Cell-Free System ,RNA ,DNA ,Cell Biology ,Molecular biology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Enzyme Induction ,Interferon Type I ,RNA splicing ,Oocytes ,Female ,Interferon induction ,cDNA ,Transcription ,Cloning - Abstract
Interferon-induced 2–5A synthetases are probably involved in some antiviral actions of interferon. In human cells two different mRNAs (1.6, 1.8 kb long) coding for this protein are transcribed from the same gene and are produced by differential splicing. The relationship between the two mRNAs of different size and the active enzyme is not clear, nor is the cellular localization of the latter known. We have cloned a cDNA corresponding to the 1.6 kb RNA. This cDNA was sequenced and its complete coding region was subcloned into pSP64. The resulting plasmid was used to direct the synthesis of micrograms of capped RNA transcript after linearization in the 3'-non-coding region. A 39 kDa protein was synthesized when this RNA was translated in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. When this capped RNA was introduced by microinjection into Xenopus oocytes, production of 2–5A synthetase was clearly observed in the cytoplasm and 10–30% of the enzyme accumulated with time in the nucleoplasm. Analysis of cytoplasmic homogenates of these oocytes on a glycerol gradient revealed that the enzyme is fully active in the monomeric form.
- Published
- 1986
23. The 3' untranslated region of the human interferon-beta mRNA has an inhibitory effect on translation
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V Kruys, M Wathelet, P Poupart, R Contreras, W Fiers, J Content, and G Huez
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Untranslated region ,Translational frameshift ,Messenger RNA ,Reticulocytes ,Multidisciplinary ,Five prime untranslated region ,Translational efficiency ,Chimera ,Three prime untranslated region ,Xenopus ,Rotavirus translation ,Biology ,Molecular biology ,Protein Biosynthesis ,Interferon Type I ,Oocytes ,Animals ,Humans ,Coding region ,Muramidase ,RNA, Messenger ,Chickens ,Research Article - Abstract
In vitro-transcribed human interferon-beta (IFN-beta) mRNA, which contains all the sequence of the natural molecule, is poorly translated in a reticulocyte lysate or when injected in Xenopus oocytes. This low level of translation is due to an inhibition by the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Indeed, the replacement of these sequences by those of Xenopus beta-globin mRNA dramatically increases the translational efficiency of the mRNA, especially in oocytes. This phenomenon is not due to a difference in mRNA stability since both native and chimeric mRNAs remain undegraded, at least during the translation period considered. Construction of different chimeric molecules having various combinations of 5' and 3' UTRs from IFN-beta or Xenopus beta-globin mRNA or a small sequence of SP6 polylinker as 5' UTR has revealed that the 3' UTR of IFN-beta in itself has a pronounced inhibitory effect on translation in the two translation systems from animal cells. Indeed, the addition of this 3' UTR at the 3' end of the coding region of a chicken lysozyme mRNA also causes a large decrease of its translational capacity in both systems. However, the nature of the 5' noncoding sequence influences the degree of translation inhibition exerted by the 3' UTR. Remarkably, we observed no difference in translation level when the different mRNAs were tested in a wheat germ extract.
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- 1987
24. Expression and Preliminary Deletion Analysis of the 42 kDa 2–5A Synthetase Induced By Human Interferon
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J. Content, L. De Wit, M. Wathelet, S. Moutschen, and G. Huez
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Nucleoplasm ,Cell growth ,Cytoplasm ,Interferon ,RNA splicing ,Endoribonuclease ,medicine ,Biology ,Molecular biology ,Gene ,Cellular localization ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Among the multiple proteins induced by interferon, the 2–5A synthetase has been shown to be involved in some of its antiviral actions. In the presence of dsRNA, this enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of 2′–5′ linked oligomers of adenosine,ppp(A′ 2p)nA Viral growth is inhibited through mRNA degradation mediated by a latent endoribonuclease which is activated by these 2–5A oliqomers. This effect is transient. The 2–5A oligomers are rapidily degraded by a 2′-phosphodiesterase (1). In addition to this antiviral role, the 2–5A system seems to be involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation (2,3). 2–5A activities associated with proteins of different sizes were detected in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm (4, 5). Two functional mRNAs (1.6 and 1.8 kb in human cells (6, 7) and 1.8 and 3.6kb in mouse cells (5) were shown to encode 2–5A synthetase activity. The relationship between the different mRNAs, which seem to derive from the same gene by tissue specific differential splicing (6, 7) and the different proteins, as well as their cellular localization is still not clear.
- Published
- 1987
25. Inversion of surface wave dispersion at European strong motion sites using a multi-model parameterization and an information-theoretic approach
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Di Giulio, G., Savvaidi, A., Theodoulidi, N., Ohrnberger, M., Endrun, B., Wathelet, M., Cornou, C., Renalier, F., Bard, P.Y., Institute of Engineering Seismology & Earthquake Engineering, University of Potsdam, Institute of geosciences, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), G. Di Giulio, A. Savvaidis, N. Theodoulidis, M. Ohrnberger, B. Endrun, M. Wathelet, C. Cornou, F. Renalier, P.Y. Bard, Institute of Geosciences [Potsdam], and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Akaike's Information Criterion ,[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] ,inversion of dispersion curves ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] ,surface waves - Abstract
International audience; Within the scope of the EC-projects NERIES and ITSAK-GR we have applied a procedure able to combine a multi-model space parameterization and an information theoretic approach in analysis of dispersion curve inversion. In detail we considered the dispersion curve assessed at 14 strong motion European sites. At each site we investigated the model space through four different parameterization groups within the wavelength range estimated by actual dispersion curves. In order to explore the influence of model space we increased progressively the number of layers for each parameterization. We therefore addressed the model evaluation among a set of competing models obtained by inversion following the corrected Akaike's Information Criterion (AICc). By using such information-theoretic approach, we found an acceptable agreement between the inverted shear-velocity profiles of the best models and the available borehole results.
- Published
- 2010
26. Association Between COVID-19 and Self-Harm: Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Spatiotemporal Study in Metropolitan France.
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Baillet M, Wathelet M, Lamer A, Frévent C, Fovet T, D'Hondt F, Notredame CE, Vaiva G, and Génin M
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- Humans, France epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Female, Adult, Male, Middle Aged, Adolescent, Aged, Young Adult, Child, Incidence, COVID-19 epidemiology, Self-Injurious Behavior epidemiology, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has not been associated with increases in suicidal behavior at the national, regional, or county level. However, previous studies were not conducted on a finer scale or adjusted for ecological factors., Objective: Our objective was to assess the fine-scale spatiotemporal association between self-harm and COVID-19 hospitalizations, while considering ecological factors., Methods: Using the French national hospital discharge database, we extracted data on hospitalizations for self-harm of patients older than 10 years (from 2019 to 2021) or for COVID-19 (from 2020 to 2021) in metropolitan France. We first calculated monthly standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2021, using a Besag, York, and Mollié spatiotemporal model. Next, we entered the SIRs into an ecological regression in order to test the association between hospital admissions for self-harm and those for COVID-19. Lastly, we adjusted for ecological variables with time lags of 0 to 6 months., Results: Compared with a smoothed SIR of ≤1, smoothed SIRs from 1 to 3, from 3 to 4, and greater than 4 for COVID-19 hospital admissions were associated with a subsequent increase in hospital admissions for self-harm, with a time lag of 2 to 4 months, 4 months, and 6 months, respectively., Conclusions: A high SIR for hospital admissions for COVID-19 was a risk factor for hospital admission for self-harm some months after the epidemic peaks. This finding emphasizes the importance of monitoring and seeking to prevent suicide attempts outside the epidemic peak periods., (© Maëlle Baillet, Marielle Wathelet, Antoine Lamer, Camille Frévent, Thomas Fovet, Fabien D'Hondt, Charles-Edouard Notredame, Guillaume Vaiva, Michael Génin. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org).)
- Published
- 2024
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27. [Prevalence of mental disorders in French prisons: A systematic review].
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Eck M, Da Costa J, Wathelet M, Beunas C, D'Ovidio K, Moncany AH, Thomas P, and Fovet T
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- Humans, France epidemiology, Prevalence, Male, Female, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Prisoners statistics & numerical data, Prisoners psychology, Prisons statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among prisoners remains a major public health issue worldwide. In France, despite the increasing number of persons who are incarcerated (+30% between 1992 and 2002 with a 120% prison overcrowding), and a historical concern about the mental health of persons in detention and its management, no systematic review has been published on this subject. The aim of this article is to present the results of a systematic review of the literature on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons., Method: The reporting of this systematic review conforms to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases. We used combinations of keywords relating to prison (prison*, jail*, inmate*), to psychiatry ("mental health", psychiatr*), and to France (France, French). This work was completed with a search through the digital libraries of the École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique (EHESP) and of the Système Universitaire de Documentation (Sudoc) to obtain data from academic works and the gray literature. References cited in studies included in this review were also examined. All references published up to September 2022, written in English or French, presenting the results of original quantitative studies on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in correctional settings were included. Two researchers independently extracted data from included references according to a pre-established protocol., Results: Among 501 records identified, a total of 35 papers based on 24 epidemiological studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review: 16 were cross-sectional, 7 retrospective and 1 both cross-sectional and retrospective. All papers were published between 1999 and 2022. We found one European study, 5 international studies, 18 regional or local studies. Of these, 21 studies had all-male or mixed gender samples (but when the sample was mixed gender, it was always at least 92% male). Almost half of the studies (n=11) involved a small sample of fewer than 500 persons. Half of the studies involved a sample of recently incarcerated persons: 6 involved a random sample of persons in detention, and 1 involved a sample of people incarcerated for more than 5 years. The last 5 studies focused on persons aged over 50 years and incarcerated for more than one year (n=1), incarcerated for sexual offences (n=2), placed in disciplinary cells (n=1) or in a special wing for radicalized or suspected radicalized individuals (n=1). Nine studies used standardized and validated diagnostic tools. According to the 4 studies involving representative samples and using standardized and validated diagnostic tools, the prevalence of the following psychiatric disorders was: 29.4-44.4% for anxiety disorders, 5-14.2% for PTSD, 28-31.2% for mood disorders, 6.9-17% for psychotic disorders, 32% for personality disorders and 11% for ADHD., Conclusion: This systematic review of the literature highlights the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons. The data collected are in line with international studies. The great methodological heterogeneity of the papers included in this review calls for further rigorous research to better understand the rates of mental disorders in French prisons and to explore their determinants., (Copyright © 2024 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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28. Ethnic disparities in mental health problems in New Caledonia and French Polynesia.
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Sebbane D, Wathelet M, Amadeo S, Goodfellow B, Roelandt JL, Dourgnon P, and Chevreul K
- Abstract
Objectives: Indigenous people experience poorer mental health compared to the general population. Socioeconomic gaps partly explain these disparities. However, there is variability between populations and French overseas territories are understudied. This study examines the prevalence of mental health problems among Indigenous people in New Caledonia and French Polynesia, describing and comparing it with that of their counterparts while considering associated factors., Methods: We used the data from the cross-sectional Mental Health in the General Population survey in the only 3 sites for which information on indigenous status was available: Noumea (2006) and the 'Bush' (2008) in New Caledonia, and French Polynesia (2015-2017). Current mental health issues were screened using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview . In multivariable analyses, we considered the following factors: gender, age, education level, marital status, occupational activity and monthly income., Results: Overall, 2294 participants were analysed. Among the 1379 indigenous participants, 52.3% had at least one mental health issue. The prevalence of depressive disorder (18.0% vs 11.7%), alcohol use disorder (16.7% vs 11.7%) and suicide risk (22.3% vs 16.7%) were higher among indigenous participants compared to non-indigenous participants. After adjustment, the association between indigenous status and these mental health issues did not persist, except for alcohol use disorder., Conclusion: We found higher prevalence of depressive disorder, alcohol use disorder and suicide risk among indigenous people of French Polynesia and New Caledonia compared to their counterparts. These differences seemed largely explained by socioeconomic disparities. Future studies could explore the use of and access to healthcare by indigenous populations., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.
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- 2024
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29. Conspiracy beliefs and perceptual inference in times of political uncertainty.
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Leclercq S, Szaffarczyk S, Leptourgos P, Yger P, Fakhri A, Wathelet M, Bouttier V, Denève S, and Jardri R
- Abstract
Sociopolitical crises causing uncertainty have accumulated in recent years, providing fertile ground for the emergence of conspiracy ideations. Computational models constitute valuable tools for understanding the mechanisms at play in the formation and rigidification of these unshakeable beliefs. Here, the Circular Inference model was used to capture associations between changes in perceptual inference and the dynamics of conspiracy ideations in times of uncertainty. A bistable perception task and conspiracy belief assessment focused on major sociopolitical events were administered to large populations from three polarized countries. We show that when uncertainty peaks, an overweighting of sensory information is associated with conspiracy ideations. Progressively, this exploration strategy gives way to an exploitation strategy in which increased adherence to conspiracy theories is associated with the amplification of prior information. Overall, the Circular Inference model sheds new light on the possible mechanisms underlying the progressive strengthening of conspiracy theories when individuals face highly uncertain situations., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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30. Opening the black box of hospitalizations in French high-secure psychiatric forensic units.
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Fovet T, Saint-Dizier C, Wathelet M, Horn M, Thomas P, Guillin O, Coldefy M, D'Hondt F, Amad A, and Lamer A
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- Humans, Male, Adult, Forensic Medicine, France epidemiology, Europe, Hospitalization, Psychotic Disorders
- Abstract
Introduction: Basic epidemiological data are rare concerning the activity of specialized forensic psychiatric facilities in France. Here, we investigated the activity of the ten (640 beds) French "units for difficult patients" (unités pour malades difficiles [UMDs])., Method: We used the Programme de médicalisation des systèmes d'information (PMSI) database to describe the characteristics and evolution of psychiatric hospitalisations in UMDs between 2012 and 2021, as well as the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of the patients hospitalized in these facilities., Results: Between 2012 and 2021, 4857 patients were hospitalized in UMDs (6082 stays). Among them, 897 (18.5%) had more than one stay. The number of admissions ranged from a minimum of 434 to a maximum of 632 per year. The number of discharges ranged from a minimum of 473 to a maximum of 609 per year. The mean length of stay was 13.5 (SD: 22.64) months with a median of 7.3 months (IQR: 4.0-14.4). Among the 6082 stays, 5721 (94.1%) involved male patients. The median age was 33 (IQR: 26-41) years. The most frequent principal psychiatric diagnoses were psychotic disorders and personality disorders., Conclusion: The number of individuals hospitalized in specialized forensic psychiatric facilities has been stable for 10 years in France and remains lower than in most European countries., (Copyright © 2023 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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31. Validation of a French questionnaire assessing knowledge of suicide.
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Wathelet M, Dézétrée A, Pauwels N, Vaiva G, Séguin M, Thomas P, Grandgenèvre P, and Notredame CÉ
- Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Knowledge of Suicide Scale (KSS), elaborated to assess adherence to myths about suicide., Methods: The KSS is a self-questionnaire including 22 statements relating to myths about suicide for which the respondent is asked to rate his degree of adherence on a scale ranging from 0 ("strongly disagree") to 10 ("completely agree"). Using the script concordance test scoring method, the respondents' scores were compared with those of experts to obtain, for each item, a score between 0 (maximum deviation with the experts) and 1 (minimum deviation with the experts). One thousand and thirty-five individuals (222 psychiatric interns, 332 medical interns in the first semester excluding psychiatry and 481 journalism students) were included., Results: According to the exploratory factor analysis, the KSS is a two-dimensional scale: the first subscale includes 15 items and the second seven items. The tool showed excellent face validity, correct convergent and divergent validities (multi-method multi-feature analyzes), and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient between 0.66 and 0.83 for scales and subscales). The KSS is moderately and negatively correlated with the Stigma of Suicide Scale (r=-0.3). It significantly discriminates groups with different expected levels of knowledge regarding suicide (P<0.001)., Conclusions: The KSS demonstrated good psychometric properties to measure adherence to myths about suicide. This tool could be useful in assessing the effectiveness of suicide prevention literacy improvement programs., (Copyright © 2023 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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32. [Impact of the suicidal crisis intervention training program on the confidence and skills of hospital professionals in the Hauts-de-France region].
- Author
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Viard MC, Grandgenèvre P, Bubrovszky M, Coisne E, Plancke L, Notredame CE, and Wathelet M
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- Humans, Crisis Intervention, Suicide Prevention, France, Suicidal Ideation, Suicide psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: Suicide is a major public health issue given its huge human and economic consequences. Symptoms prior to suicide are often not specific. Nevertheless, the majority of suicidal people express suicidal thoughts, and nearly one in two meet a health professional in the period preceding the act. Being able to recognize the warnings and intervene during the suicidal crisis, defined as a mental crisis where the major risk is suicide, is to seize the opportunity to postpone the suicidal plan and to gain time to implement in place lasting strategies to combat suffering. Thus, the training for suicidal crisis intervention is a major axis of the suicide prevention strategy. Recently, crisis intervention training programs have been updated with knowledge accumulated since the early 2000's. In France, one of the countries most concerned by suicide, the Hauts-de-France region is one of the most impacted. In this context, the Regional Health Agency of Hauts-de-France included in its Regional Health Program of 2018-2023 the training of healthcare workers who work with high suicidal risk patients. The suicidal crisis intervention training program (SCIT) has been introduced to hospital staffs in Hauts-de-France. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this program., Methods: Eight training sessions with 15 to 21 participants were carried out from 2019 November to 2021 January in the Hauts-de-France region. Participants were volunteer healthcare professionals in direct contact with suicidal crisis patients. The training included three modules. The first one concerned the suicidal crisis intervention training: definition of the suicidal crisis, typology of the crisis, vulnerability development, crisis evaluation and crisis intervention practice. The second concerned the evaluation with the RED scale (Risk-Emergency-Danger) and the adequate patient orientation to a psychiatric unit. The third was dedicated to the Gatekeeper training with the constitution of a Gatekeeper network to enhance the capacity to detect suicidal risk and to orient the concerned person towards an adequate evaluation or care organization. We evaluated the first two levels of the Kirkpatrick's model: level 1) the participant's satisfaction (rated out of 10), and level 2) the degree of confidence in their professional abilities (rated out of 10) and their skills in responding to a person in a suicidal crisis (using the SIRI-2-VF - French version of the Suicide Intervention Response Inventory-2). The participants were interviewed before (T0), just after (T1) and at one month of training (T2)., Results: Among the 141 health professionals who followed the training, 139 answered the questionnaire at least one time (13 psychologists, 22 doctors, 97 nurses and 7 head nurses). The participation rates were 99.3 % at T0, 96.4 % at T1 and 46.0 % at T2. Most of the participants were nurses (69.8 %), and 33.1 % of the respondents declared they had already followed a suicidal crisis training. The satisfaction with the training was evaluated at 8.6 (± 1.3) out of 10. There was no significant difference among the professions, neither between those having already received or not a previous training. The self-perceived capacity to manage a suicidal crisis was rate 6.8 (± 1.8) out of 10 at T0. There was a significant increase just after the training (8.1±1.2 vs 6,8±1,8, p<0,001) which persisted at 1 month (8.1±1.1 vs 6.8±1.8, P<0.001). The score at the SIRI-2-VF was 15.0 (± 4.2) out of 30 at T0. There was a significant increase just after the training (17.5±3.5 vs 15.0±4.2, P<0.001), which persisted at 1 month (17.0±4.0 vs 15.0±4.2, P<0.001)., Discussion: This is the first evaluation of the suicidal crisis intervention training program. This program increased and homogenized the competency of the participants to manage suicidal ideation and behaviors. Those who followed a previous training maintained higher scores than the others, which shows the importance of repeated training to maintain a satisfying level of knowledge over the long term. One of the strengths of this training is the use of roleplay which enhances the learning and abilities to interact with people at suicidal risk. It seems important to integrate a suicidal crisis intervention training in the cursus of health students to avoid suicide and the dramatic consequences for the entourage and the health professionals who are confronted with it., Conclusion: The SCIT program showed encouraging results in terms of confidence and capacity of the healthcare professionals to intervene in suicidal crisis., (Copyright © 2022 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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33. Proof-of-concept implementation of a brief contact intervention to prevent suicidal behavior in prison.
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Fovet T, Wathelet M, Jardon V, Debien C, Culleron A, Thomas P, and Vaiva G
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- Humans, Suicidal Ideation, Prisons, Suicide, Prisoners
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- 2023
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34. Attentional bias toward negative stimuli in PTSD: an eye-tracking study.
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Veerapa E, Grandgenevre P, Vaiva G, Duhem S, Fayoumi ME, Vinnac B, Szaffarczyk S, Wathelet M, Fovet T, and D'Hondt F
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- Humans, Eye-Tracking Technology, Attention physiology, Emotions physiology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic psychology, Attentional Bias physiology
- Abstract
Background: Research on biased processing of aversive stimuli in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has produced inconsistent results between response time (RT) and eye-tracking studies. Recent RT-based results of dot-probe studies showed no attentional bias (AB) for threat while eye-tracking research suggested heightened sustained attention for this information. Here, we used both RT-based and eye-tracking measures to explore the dynamics of AB to negative stimuli in PTSD., Methods: Twenty-three individuals diagnosed with PTSD, 23 trauma-exposed healthy controls, and 23 healthy controls performed an emotional dot-probe task with pairs of negative and neutral scenes presented for either 1 or 2 s. Analyses included eye movements during the presentation of the scenes and RT associated with target localization., Results: There was no evidence for an AB toward negative stimuli in PTSD from RT measures. However, the main eye-tracking results revealed that all three groups showed longer dwell times on negative pictures than neutral pictures at 1 s and that this AB was stronger for individuals with PTSD. Moreover, although AB disappeared for the two groups of healthy controls with prolonged exposure, it persisted for individuals with PTSD., Conclusion: PTSD is associated with an AB toward negative stimuli, characterized by heightened sustained attention toward negative scenes once detected. This study sheds light on the dynamics of AB to negative stimuli in PTSD and encourages us to consider optimized therapeutic interventions targeting abnormal AB patterns.
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- 2023
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35. A pilot study investigating affective forecasting biases with a novel virtual reality-based paradigm.
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Loisel-Fleuriot L, Fovet T, Bugnet A, Creupelandt C, Wathelet M, Szaffarczyk S, Duhem S, Vaiva G, Horn M, and D'Hondt F
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- Humans, Pilot Projects, Arousal physiology, Bias, Emotions physiology, Anxiety psychology
- Abstract
A body of research indicates that people are prone to overestimate the affective impact of future events. Here, we developed a novel experimental paradigm to study these affective forecasting biases under laboratory conditions using subjective (arousal and valence) and autonomic measures (skin conductance responses, SCRs, and heart rate). Thirty participants predicted their emotional responses to 15 unpleasant, 15 neutral, and 15 pleasant scenarios (affective forecasting phase) to which they were then exposed in virtual reality (emotional experience phase). Results showed that participants anticipated more extreme arousal and valence scores than they actually experienced for unpleasant and pleasant scenarios. The emotional experience phase was characterized by classic autonomic patterns, i.e., higher SCRs for emotionally arousing scenarios and greater peak cardiac acceleration for pleasant scenarios. During the affective forecasting phase, we found only a moderate association between arousal scores and SCRs and no valence-dependent modulation of cardiac activity. This paradigm opens up new perspectives for investigating affective forecasting abilities under lab-controlled conditions, notably in psychiatric disorders with anxious anticipations., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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36. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on the consumption of anxiolytics, hypnotics and antidepressants according to age groups: a French nationwide study.
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Levaillant M, Wathelet M, Lamer A, Riquin E, Gohier B, and Hamel-Broza JF
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- Adolescent, Young Adult, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Cohort Studies, Pandemics, Communicable Disease Control, Antidepressive Agents therapeutic use, Anti-Anxiety Agents therapeutic use, COVID-19
- Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated sanitary measures on mental health, especially among adolescents and young adults. Such a context may raise many concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic long-term psychological effects. An analysis of administrative databases could be an alternative and complementary approach to medical interview-based epidemiological surveys to monitor the mental health of the population. We conducted a nationwide study to describe the consumption of anxiolytics, antidepressants and hypnotics during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the five previous years., Methods: A historic cohort study was conducted by extracting and analysing data from the French health insurance database between 1 January 2015 and 28 February 2021. Individuals were classified into five age-based classes. Linear regression models were performed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic period on the number of drug consumers, in introducing an interaction term between time and COVID-19 period., Results: Since March 2020, in all five age groups and all three drug categories studied, the number of patients reimbursed weekly has increased compared to the period from January 2015 to February 2020. The youngest the patients, the more pronounced the magnitude., Conclusions: Monitoring the consumption of psychiatric medications could be of great interest as reliable indicators are essential for planning public health strategies. A post-crisis policy including reliable monitoring of mental health must be anticipated.
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- 2023
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37. Persistent physical symptoms after COVID-19 infection and the risk of Somatic Symptom Disorder.
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Horn M, Wathelet M, Amad A, Martignène N, Lathiere T, Khelfaoui K, Rousselle M, El Qaoubii O, Vuotto F, Faure K, Creupelandt C, Vaiva G, Fovet T, and D'Hondt F
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- Humans, Female, Somatoform Disorders diagnosis, Somatoform Disorders epidemiology, Somatoform Disorders etiology, Retrospective Studies, Communicable Disease Control, Medically Unexplained Symptoms, COVID-19
- Abstract
Objective: Evidence shows that many patients with COVID-19 present persistent symptoms after the acute infection. Some patients may be at a high risk of developing Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD), in which persistent symptoms are accompanied by excessive and disproportionate health-related thoughts, feelings and behaviors regarding these symptoms. This study assessed the frequency of persistent physical symptoms and SSD and their associated factors in patients with confirmed COVID-19., Methods: We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study after the first two French lockdowns at the Lille University Hospital (France), including all patients with confirmed COVID-19. Persistent physical symptoms and excessive preoccupations for these symptoms were measured 8 to 10 months after the onset of COVID-19. The combination of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and the Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale was used to identify the individuals likely to present with SSD. Two linear regression models were performed to identify sociodemographic and medical risk factors of SSD., Results: Among the 377 patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis, 220 (58.4%) completed the questionnaires. Sixty-five percent of the 220 included patients required hospitalization, 53.6% presented at least one persistent physical symptom and 10.4% were considered to present SSD. Female sex, older age, infection during the second wave and having probable PTSD were significantly associated with the severity of SSD and SSD was associated with a significantly higher healthcare use., Conclusions: The identification of SSD should encourage clinicians to move beyond the artificial somatic/psychiatric dualism and contribute to a better alliance based on multi-disciplinary care., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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38. Contribution of women authors in French medical journals from 1983 to 2019.
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Schohn A, Wathelet M, and Noël G
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- Humans, Male, Female, Authorship, Bibliometrics, Periodicals as Topic
- Abstract
Purpose: Despite the feminization of the medical profession, the academic world remains largely male-dominated. Several studies conducted in the English-speaking world have shown that women are published less than men. Our goal is to define the evolution of the role of women in five French medical journals., Materials and Methods: The articles from five French journals (Revue du Praticien, Bulletin du Cancer, Exercer, Presse Médicale, Cancer/Radiothérapie) published in February between 1983 and 2019 were included. We selected twelve years from that period of time. The analysis was completed using Cochran-Armitage tests with a significance level of<0,05. Among the authors, 4397 were included in total and we were able to determine the gender of 4309 of them., Results: The percentage of female authors went from 16% in 1983 to 36.4% in 2019 (p<0.001). This rise is more significant for those specializing in surgery than for those specializing in medicine, with a percentage going from 14% to 38.5% (p<0.001) against 16.8% to 35.4% (p<0.001) respectively. In 2019, women still only represent 30.2% of the last authors, 27.6% of editorial authors and 30.6% of corresponding authors., Conclusion: Our study underlines a significant increase in the number of female authors and highlights that their position as authors remains on the margins of the most prestigious authorial positions. While we can celebrate this increase, we nevertheless notice that there are fewer female authors than female practitioners., (Copyright © 2022 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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39. PTSD in prison settings: the need for direct comparisons with the general population.
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Fovet T, Wathelet M, Amad A, Horn M, Belet B, Roelandt JL, Thomas P, Vaiva G, and D'Hondt F
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- Humans, Prisons, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic epidemiology, Prisoners
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- 2023
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40. Admission to jail and psychotic symptoms: a study of the psychotic continuum in a sample of recently incarcerated men.
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Fovet T, Pignon B, Wathelet M, Benradia I, Roelandt JL, Jardri R, Thomas P, D'Hondt F, and Amad A
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- Male, Humans, Mental Health, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotic Disorders epidemiology, Psychotic Disorders psychology, Prisoners psychology
- Abstract
Purpose: We sought to measure the prevalence of psychotic symptoms (PSs) and psychotic disorders (PDs) in a sample of men entering jail and to compare these prevalences with those observed in the general population. We also aimed to explore the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with PSs and PDs., Methods: The Mental Health in the Prison Population (MHPP) survey interviewed 630 incarcerated men upon admission to jail, using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. We looked for associations between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the presence of lifetime PSs and PDs in the MHPP and Mental Health in the General Population (MHGP) surveys, which used the same methodology to collect data from the jail and general populations of the same geographical area., Results: A higher proportion of PSs without PDs was found in the MHGP group (25.3% vs. 17.8%, p < 0.001), whereas a higher prevalence of PDs was found in the MHPP group (7.0% vs. 2.6%, p < 0.001). The multivariable model indicated that subjects who were single or separated/divorced/widowed and had a history of trauma exposure were at joint risk of PSs and PDs, whereas entering jail was not associated with either PSs or PDs after adjustment for all covariates., Conclusion: The present study shows that PDs, but not PSs, are more prevalent in men entering jail than in the general population. This overrepresentation could be further explained by the exposure to vulnerability factors found in this population rather than by any specificity related to entering jail., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)
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- 2023
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41. Mental Health Symptoms of University Students 15 Months After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic in France.
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Wathelet M, Horn M, Creupelandt C, Fovet T, Baubet T, Habran E, Martignène N, Vaiva G, and D'Hondt F
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- Child, Female, Humans, Young Adult, Adult, Male, Mental Health, Pandemics, Universities, Depression psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Communicable Disease Control, Students psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Importance: The Conséquences de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur la santé mentale des étudiants (COSAMe) survey was conducted among university students in France during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that although there was a slight decrease in anxiety, depression, and stress between the first lockdown (T1) and 1 month after it ended (T2), the prevalence of suicidal ideation had increased between these periods and 1 in 5 students had probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at T2. These results emphasize the need to explore the long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic., Objectives: To measure the prevalence of mental health symptoms among university students in France 15 months after the first lockdown (T3) and to identify factors associated with outcomes., Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study reports data from the third measurement time of the repeated COSAMe survey, which took place from July 21 to August 31, 2021, through an online questionnaire sent to all French university students., Main Outcomes and Measures: The prevalence of suicidal thoughts, PTSD (PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fifth Edition] [PCL-5]), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory) at T3 were gender- and degree-standardized and compared with prevalence rates at T1 and T2. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified risk factors., Results: A total of 44 898 students completed the questionnaires. They were mainly women (31 728 [70.7%]), and the median (IQR) age was 19 (18-21) years. Standardized prevalence rates of stress, anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, and PTSD were 20.6% (95% CI, 20.2%-21.0%), 23.7% (95% CI, 23.3%-24.1%), 15.4% (95% CI, 15.1%-15.8%), 13.8% (95% CI, 13.5%-14.2%), and 29.8% (95% CI, 29.4%-30.2%), respectively. Compared with the decreased prevalence rates at T2, there was an increase at T3 for stress (2.5% increase), anxiety (13.9% increase), and depression (22.2% increase). The prevalence of suicidal ideation continued to increase from T1 (10.6%) to T3 (13.8%), and the prevalence of probable PTSD increased from 1 in 5 students to 1 in 3 students between T2 and T3. Female and nonbinary participants; participants without children and living in an urban area; and those with financial difficulties, a chronic condition, psychiatric history, COVID-19 history, social isolation, and low perceived quality of information received were at risk of all poor outcomes at T3 (eg, stress among women: adjusted OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 2.05-2.31; suicidal thoughts among nonbinary respondents: adjusted OR, 5.09; 95% CI, 4.32-5.99; anxiety among students with children: adjusted OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56-0.81; depression among students living in a rural area: adjusted OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.75-0.85)., Conclusions and Relevance: These results suggest severe long-lasting consequences associated with the pandemic on the mental health of students. Prevention and care access should be a priority.
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- 2022
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42. Refining the clinical approach of psychotic experiences in people who are incarcerated.
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Fovet T, Wathelet M, Pignon B, Jardri R, D'Hondt F, and Amad A
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- Humans, Psychotic Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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- 2022
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43. The 3114: A new professional helpline to swing the French suicide prevention in a new paradigm.
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Notredame CE, Wathelet M, Morgiève M, Grandgenèvre P, Debien C, Mannoni C, Pauwels N, Ducrocq F, Leaune E, Binder P, Berrouiguet S, Walter M, Courtet P, Vaiva G, and Thomas P
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- 2022
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44. Effects at 3 months of a large-scale simulation-based training for first year medical residents on the knowledge of suicide.
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Taverne A, Wathelet M, Dezetree A, Notredame CE, Lebuffe G, Jourdain M, Vaiva G, and Amad A
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- Clinical Competence, Humans, Male, Suicidal Ideation, Internship and Residency, Simulation Training, Suicide Prevention
- Abstract
Background: Suicide is a leading yet underestimated cause of death in the world and in France. The goal of our study was to determine the impact at 3 months of a large-scale simulation program on suicide risk assessment for first-year medical residents., Methods: All the first-year medical residents participated in the simulation program that included a session on suicide risk assessment. The scenario was carried out by a standardized patient (professional actor) who had a normal check-up at the ER after a chest pain. He verbalized suicidal thoughts to an ER nurse due to a recent divorce and social difficulties, who then reported it to the resident. The latter had to assess suicide risk on his own. The QECS "Questionnaire de connaissances relatives au suicide" was used to assess knowledge of suicide before the training session (T0) and 3 months later (T1). A pre/post comparison was performed with a paired t-test., Results: 420 residents participated in this study. A total of 273 matching questionnaires was obtained. A statistically significant theoretical knowledge improvement was found at 3 months of the session for all the residents., Limitations: The absence of a control group and data loss were some of the major limitations of our study. Another limitation corresponds to the lack of additional questions, such as levels of interest, former and recent training, level of experience, attitudes, and self-competency in suicide risk assessment before and after the simulation program that could have helped to interpret the obtained results and their variation. Moreover, the exact effects of this increased knowledge on clinical practice has not been measured in our study., Conclusion: This is an unprecedented, large-scale attempt in France to allow all the medical residents to practice suicide risk assessment. This simulation-based training had a positive impact at 3 months on the knowledge of suicide in medical residents., (Copyright © 2021 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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45. Prevalence and Risk Factors of PTSD in Older Survivors of Covid-19 Are The Elderly so Vulnerable?
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Horn M, Wathelet M, Amad A, Vuotto F, Faure K, Henry M, Vaiva G, Fovet T, and D'Hondt F
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- Aged, Humans, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Survivors, COVID-19, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic epidemiology
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- 2022
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46. Evolution in French University Students' Mental Health One Month After the First COVID-19 Related Quarantine: Results From the COSAMe Survey.
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Wathelet M, Vincent C, Fovet T, Notredame CE, Habran E, Martignène N, Baubet T, Vaiva G, and D'Hondt F
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Introduction: The COVID-19 related quarantine had negative psychological effects among University students. Evidence from previous epidemics suggests that negative psychological effects of quarantine measures can last or even worsen after the quarantine lift. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of students' mental health and to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes 1 month after the lift of the lockdown., Materials and Methods: This repeated cross-sectional study collected data during the first quarantine in France (T1, N = 68,891) and 1 month after its lift (T2, N = 22,540), through an online questionnaire sent to all French University students. Using cross-sectional data, we estimated prevalence rates of suicidal thoughts, severe anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State subscale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale) at T1 and T2. Using longitudinal data ( N = 6,346), we identified risk factors of poor mental health outcomes among sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators, health-related data, information on the social environment, and media consumption, adjusting for baseline mental health status., Results: We found lower prevalence rates of severe stress (21.7%), anxiety (22.1%), and depression (13·9%) one month after the quarantine compared to the quarantine period (24.8%, 27.5%, and 16.1%, respectively). The prevalence rate of suicidal thoughts increased from 11.4 to 13.2%. Regardless of the existence of symptoms during quarantine, four factors were systematically associated with poor mental health outcomes 1 month after the quarantine was lifted: female gender, a low feeling of integration before the quarantine period, a low quality of social ties during the quarantine, and a history of psychiatric follow-up., Conclusions: The prevalence rates of severe stress, anxiety, and depression, although being lower than during the first lockdown, remained high after its lift. The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation increased. This stresses the need to consider the enduring psychological impact of the pandemic on students as a critical public health issue., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Wathelet, Vincent, Fovet, Notredame, Habran, Martignène, Baubet, Vaiva and D'Hondt.)
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- 2022
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47. Psychiatric hospitalisations for people who are incarcerated, 2009-2019: An 11-year retrospective longitudinal study in France.
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Fovet T, Chan-Chee C, Baillet M, Horn M, Wathelet M, D'Hondt F, Thomas P, Amad A, and Lamer A
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Background: Despite the poor mental health status of people who are incarcerated, few studies have examined the number of psychiatric hospitalisations in this population. Since 2010, France has progressively opened nine full-time inpatient psychiatric wards exclusively for people who are incarcerated, called "specially adapted hospital units" ( unités hospitalières spécialement aménagées , UHSAs, 440 beds). This study aimed to present the annual rates of psychiatric hospitalisations and primary psychiatric diagnoses among people who are incarcerated in France from 2009 to 2019., Methods: We used discharge reports from the French national hospital database to describe longitudinal retrospective administrative data of psychiatric hospitalisations for people in jail and prison between 2009 and 2019, the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these patients, the proportion of voluntary versus involuntary care, and the interactions between UHSAs and other facilities., Findings: Between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2019, 32,228 (92.2% men, n = 29,721; 7.8% women, n = 2 507) incarcerated people were hospitalised for psychiatric care (64,481 stays). The main diagnoses were psychotic disorders (27.4%), personality disorders (23.2%), and stress-related disorders (20.2%). The annual number of incarcerated people hospitalised in psychiatric care increased from 3263 in 2009 to 4914 in 2019. The gradual increase in the activity of UHSAs (300 hospitalisations in 2010 versus 3252 in 2019) was not associated with a reduction in the rate of hospitalisation of incarcerated people in local psychiatric hospitals., Interpretation: The creation of psychiatric hospitals specifically dedicated to the prison population has not stopped the hospitalisation of people who are incarcerated at psychiatric hospitals. These findings suggest that access to psychiatric hospitalisation remains problematic for people who are incarcerated in France., Funding: There was no funding source for this study., Competing Interests: We declare no competing interests., (© 2022 The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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48. Substance Use, Substance Use Disorders, and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Recently Incarcerated Men: A Comparison with the General Population.
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Fovet T, Wathelet M, Benbouriche M, Benradia I, Roelandt JL, Thomas P, D'Hondt F, and Rolland B
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- Analgesics, Opioid, Comorbidity, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Alcoholism epidemiology, Alcoholism psychology, Illicit Drugs, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Prisoners, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: The rates of alcohol and illegal drug use and the prevalence of alcohol and illegal drug use disorders (AUDs and DUDs) are high in prison populations, particularly in men entering jail. However, these rates have never been exhaustively assessed and compared to those of the general population in France., Methods: We based our research on two surveys, conducted in the same French region, which included a total of 630 men entering jail and 5,793 men recruited from the general population. We used the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to assess alcohol and drug use, AUD, DUD, as well as co-occurring psychiatric disorders, and we examined differences in prevalence rates between the two populations. Logistic regression models were performed to (i) identify the factors associated with AUD and DUD and (ii) test whether the interaction between admission to jail and the presence of AUD, DUD, or both is linked to the presence of at least one co-occurring psychiatric disorder., Results: Compared to the general population sample, the prevalence of AUD (33.8% vs. 8.7%, p < 0.001) and DUD (at least one type of drug: 28.7% vs. 5.0%, p < 0.001; cannabis: 24.0% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.001; opioids: 6.8% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001; stimulants: 5.2% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.001) was significantly higher in the jail population sample, as well as the rates of past-year use of various substances (alcohol: 62.1% vs. 56.4%, p = 0.007; at least one type of illegal drug: 50.0% vs. 14.4%, p < 0.001; cannabis: 45.6% vs. 13.9%, opioids: 9.4% vs. 0.7%; stimulants: 8.6% vs. 1.9%). Admission to jail was associated with a higher risk of AUD (aOR = 3.80, 95% CI: 2.89-5.01, p < 0.001) or DUD (aOR = 4.25, 95% CI: 3.10-5.84, p < 0.001). History of trauma was also associated with both AUD (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.53-2.14, p < 0.001) and DUD (aOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.74-2.65, p < 0.001), whereas history of migration was only associated with DUD (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.12-1.71, p = 0.003). AUDs and DUDs were more strongly associated with co-occurring psychiatric disorders in incarcerated men than in the general population. Among individuals with AUD, DUD, or both, co-occurring anxiety and mood disorders were particularly more frequent in jail than in the general population., Discussion/conclusion: As in most countries, AUD and DUD are highly prevalent among men entering jail in France. Our results also suggest that incarceration constitutes an independent vulnerability factor for a dual disorder, which supports a systematic assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders in men entering jail and diagnosed with an AUD or DUD., (© 2022 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2022
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49. Trauma exposure and PTSD among men entering jail: A comparative study with the general population.
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Fovet T, Wathelet M, Amad A, Horn M, Belet B, Benradia I, Roelandt JL, Thomas P, Vaiva G, and D'Hondt F
- Abstract
Research has consistently shown high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in correctional settings. We aimed to compare the prevalences of trauma exposure, subthreshold PTSD, and full PTSD in incarcerated people with those observed in the general population. We used the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to screen for psychiatric disorders among men upon admission to jail (N = 630) and non-incarcerated men living in the same geographic area (the northern district of France; N = 5793). We utilized a multinomial regression model to assess the association between admission to jail and the prevalences of trauma exposure, subthreshold PTSD, and full PTSD. We employed logistic regression models to verify the interaction between admission to jail and PTSD status on the presence of psychiatric comorbidities. Full PTSD was overrepresented among men in jail after adjustment for all covariates (OR [95% CI] = 3.49 [1.55-7.85], p = 0.002). The association between PTSD status and the presence of at least one psychiatric comorbidity was also more important upon admission to jail than in the general population. Admission to jail was not associated with a higher prevalence of trauma exposure (OR [95% CI] = 1.12 [0.85-1.46], p = 0.419) or subthreshold PTSD (OR [95% CI] = 1.17 [0.81-1.68], p = 0.413). These results suggest higher prevalence rates of full PTSD and psychiatric comorbidities associated with PTSD symptoms in incarcerated people than in the general population. The provision of trauma-focused interventions tailored to these clinical specificities should be considered for the jail population., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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50. Mental health among medical, healthcare, and other university students during the first COVID-19 lockdown in France.
- Author
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Leroy A, Wathelet M, Fovet T, Habran E, Granon B, Martignène N, Amad A, Notredame CE, Vaiva G, and D'Hondt F
- Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding its psychological effect on university students, especially healthcare students. We aimed at assessing the risk of mental health problems according to the type of university studies, by adjusting for potential confounders. Methods We used data from the COSAMe study, a national cross-sectional survey including 69,054 French university students during the first quarantine. The mental health outcomes evaluated were suicidal thoughts, severe self-reported distress (as assessed by the Impact of Events Scale-Revised), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State subscale), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory). Multivariable logistic regression analyzes were performed to test the association between the type of university studies (healthcare studies: medical and non-medical, and non-healthcare studies) and poor mental health outcomes, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators, health-related data, quality of social relationships, and data about media consumption. Results Compared to non-healthcare students ( N = 59,404), non-medical healthcare ( N = 5,431) and medical students ( N = 4,193) showed a lower risk of presenting at least one poor mental health outcome (adjusted OR [95%CI] = 0.86[0.81-0.92] and 0.87[0.81-0.93], respectively). Compared to non-healthcare students, medical students were at lower risk of suicidal thoughts (0.83[0.74-0.93]), severe self-reported distress (0.75[0.69-0.82]) and depression (0.83[0.75-0.92]). Non-medical healthcare students were at lower risk of severe selfreported distress (0.79[0.73-0.85]), stress (0.92[0.85-0.98]), depression (0.83[0.76-0.91]), and anxiety (0.86[0.80-0.92]). Limitations This is a large but not representative cross-sectional study, limited to the first confinement. Conclusions Being a healthcare student is a protective factor for mental health problems among confined students. Mediating factors still need to be explored., Competing Interests: AL is consultant for Kinnov Therapeutics. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.)
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- 2021
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