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The objective here is to examine the role of overall oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of gluten-sensitive enteropathy disease and its relationship with gluten free diet and autoantibodies.Eighty gluten-sensitive enteropathy patients and 80 control group participants were included in the study. As oxidative stress parameters, we researched total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), paraoxonase-1 and arylesterase parameters in the serum samples of gluten-sensitive enteropathy patients.In comparison to the control group, gluten-sensitive enteropathy patients had lower TAS, paraoxonase-1 and arylesterase levels and gluten-sensitive enteropathy patients had considerable TOS and OSI levels. In contrast, patients who agreed to the gluten free eating routine had a higher OSI proportion and patients who did not conform to the gluten free eating regimen had a lower paraoxonase-1 level. An affirming reciprocation was de tected amidst TOS and OSI proportion and gluten-sensitive enteropathy autoantibodies and C-reactive protein levels and a negative correlation was found between arylesterase level and gluten-sensitive enteropathy autoantibodies.We observed oxidative stress levels to be higher in gluten-sensitive enteropathy patients contrasted with the control group. Oxidative stress level showed differences in gluten-sensitive enteropathy patients depending on gluten diet content and autoantibody positivity. In point of fact, C-reactive protein and gluten-sensitive enteropathy autoantibodies are identified with oxidative anxiety parameters resulting in the possibility that oxidative stress might be successful in the gluten-sensitive enteropathy pathogenesis.Cilj je ovde bio da se ispita uloga ukupnog oksidativnog stresa u etiopatogenezi glutenske enteropatije i njegov odnos sa bezglutenskom ishranom i autoantitelima.Osamdeset pacijenata sa glutenskom enteropatijom i 80 članova kontrolne grupe je uključeno u studiju. Kao parametri oksidativnog stresa, istraživani su ukupni antioksidantni status (UAS), ukupni oksidantni status (UOS), indeks oksidativnog stresa (IOS), paraoksonaza 1 i arilesteraza u uzorcima seruma pacijenata sa glutenskom enteropatijom.U poređenju s kontrolnom grupom, pacijenti sa glutenskom enteropatijom imali su niže nivoe UAS-a, paraoksonaze-1 i arilesteraze a pacijenti sa glutenskom enteropatijom imali su znatne nivoe UOS-a i IOS-a. Za razliku od toga, pacijenti koji su pristali na bezglutenski režim ishrane imali su višu proporciju IOS-a a pacijenti koji nisu pristali na bezglutenski režim imali su niži nivo paraoksonaze 1. Afirmativan reciprocitet utvrđen je između UOS-a i proporcije IOS-a i autoantitela za glutensku enteropatiju i nivoa C-reaktivnog proteina, a negativna korelacija je pronađena između nivoa arilesteraze i auto antitela za glutensku enteropatiju.Uočili smo da je nivo oksidativnog stresa bio viši kod pacijenata sa glutenskom enteropatijom u poređenju s kontrolnom grupom. Nivo oksidativnog stresa pokazao je razlike među pacijentima s glutenskom enteropatijom zavisno od sadržaja glutena u ishrani i pozitivnih autoanti tela. Zapravo,C-reaktivni protein i autoantitela za glutensku entero patiju identifikuju se sa parametrima oksidativne anksioznosti, {to rezultira mogućnošću da oksidativni stres uspešno učestvuje u patogenezi glutenske enteropatije.

We researched the relationships between serum potassium level and prognostic scores and complications of cirrhosis, and mortality.This study was performed retrospectively in Turkish High Specialty Training and Research Hospital between 2009 and 2015. Patients who had missing patient files and electrolyte disorder for another reason, showed complications at the time of application and were using diuretics were excluded from the study.218 patients were included in the study. During the follow-up period, 23.4% (n: 51) of the entire population passed away. Compared to the patients who survived, the patients who passed away had higher HCC and HES development rate, mean Child-Pugh and MELD score and lower mean blood potassium level. The stepwise multivariable Cox regression model which included significant independent predictors showed that ChildPugh score (HR: 1.29; p0.001), MELD score (HR:1.13; p= 0.006), and potassium level (HR: 0.18; p0.001) were independent predictors of mortality. The cut off value for potassium level in predicting mortality was found to be ≤ 3.4 mmol/L with 80.4% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Compared to the patients with a potassium level3.4 mmol/L, the patients with a potassium level ≤ 3.4 mmol/L had higher mortality rate, HCC and HES development rate, mean Child-Pugh and mean MELD scores.Hypokalemia is an important prognostic factor in cirrhotic patients.

Duodenal nodularity is an uncommon endoscopic finding charac-trized by numerous visible mucosal nodules in the duodenum. It is important to consider giardiasis in patients with symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss and abdominal distension. It is also important to remind giardiasis in patients with duodenal nodularity.

We aimed to investigate the prognostic importance of platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutro - phil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) combination for patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and its relationship with mortality.This retrospective study was included 142 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Ranson, Atlanta and BISAP 0h, 24h and 48h scores of the patients were calculated by examining their patient files. The patients were divided into three groups as low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk patients according to their PLR and NLR levels.The number of patients with acute pancreatitis complications such as necrotizing pancreatitis, acute renal failure, sepsis and cholangitis was significantly higher in the high-risk group compared to other groups. Mortality rate was found to be 90% in the high-risk group, 16% in the medium-risk group, and 1.9% in the low-risk group. The number of patients with a Ranson score of 5 and 6, a severe Atlanta score, a BISAP 0h score of 3 and 4, a BISAP 24h and 48h score of 4 and 5 was higher in the high-risk group compared to other groups. PLR-NLR combination, Atlanta and Ranson scores, and C-reactive protein level were determined to be independent risk factors predicting mortality in stepwise regression model. PLR-NLR combination had the highest area under curve value in terms of predicting acute claspancreatitis prognosis and had a similar diagnostic discrimination with other scoring systems.In our study it was found that PLR-NLR combination had a similar prognostic importance with other scoring systems used to determine acute pancreatitis prognosis.Svrha ovog istraživanja je da se utvrdi značajnost kombinacije trombocitno-limfocitnog odnosa (PLR) i neutrofilnolimfocitnog odnosa (NLR) za dijagnostikovanje aktunog pankreatitisa kao i u odnosu na mortalitet.Retrospektivno izučavanje obuhvatilo je 142 pacijenta sa dijagnozom akutnog pankreatitisa. Ranson, Atlanta i BISAP 0h, 24h i 48h skorovi kod pacijenata računati su uvidom u istorije bolesti pacijenata. Pacijenti su podeljeni u tri grupe i to niskog, srednjeg i visokog rizika prema nivoima njihovih PLR i NLR.Broj pacijenata sa akutnim pankreasnim komplikacijama kao što su nekrotizirajuči pankreatitis, akutni renalni poremečaj, sepsa i holangitis bili su znaćajno viši u grupi sa visokim rizikom u odnosu na druge grupe. Nađeno je da je kod visoko rizićne grupe mortalitet iznosio 90%, 16% kod grupe sa srednjim rizikom i 1,9% kod grupe niskog rizika. Broj pacijenata sa Ranson skorom 5 i 6, teškim Atlanta skorom, i BISAP 0h skorom 3 i 4, i BISAP 24h i 48h skorom 4 i 5 je bio viši u grupi sa visokim rizikom u odnosu na druge grupe. Utvrđeno je da su PLR-NLR kombinacija, Atlanta i Ranson skorovi, i nivo C-reaktivnog proteina bili nezavisni faktori rizika u predviđanju mortalitea u regresionom modelu. PLR-NLR kombinacija je imala največu površinu ispod vrednosti krive u predviđanju prognoze akutnog pankreatitisa i slićnu dijagnostićku diskriminaciju sa drugim skor sistemima.U našem izučavanju nađeno je da PLR-NLR kombinacija ima sličan prognostički značaj sa drugim skor sistemima koji se koriste za utvrđivanje prognoze akutnog pankreatitisa.

Background Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) increases and albumin decreases in patients with inflammation and infection. However, their role in patients with acute pancreatitis is not clear. The present study was to investigate the predictive significance of the CRP/albumin ratio for the prognosis and mortality in acute pancreatitis patients. Methods This study was performed retrospectively with 192 acute pancreatitis patients between January 2002 and June 2015. Ranson scores, Atlanta classification and CRP/albumin ratios of the patients were calculated. Results The CRP/albumin ratio was higher in deceased patients compared to survivors. The CRP/albumin ratio was positively correlated with Ranson score and Atlanta classification in particular and with important prognostic markers such as hospitalization time, CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In addition to the CRP/albumin ratio, necrotizing pancreatitis type, moderately severe and severe Atlanta classification, and total Ranson score were independent risk factors of mortality. It was found that an increase of 1 unit in the CRP/albumin ratio resulted in an increase of 1.52 times in mortality risk. A prediction value about CRP/albumin ratio >16.28 was found to be a significant marker in predicting mortality with 92.1% sensitivity and 58.0% specificity. It was seen that Ranson and Atlanta classification were higher in patients with CRP/albumin ratio >16.28 compared with those with CRP/albumin ratio ≤16.28. Patients with CRP/albumin ratio >16.28 had a 19.3 times higher chance of death. Conclusion The CRP/albumin ratio is a novel but promising, easy-to-measure, repeatable, non-invasive inflammation-based prognostic score in acute pancreatitis.