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The virulence genes of Salmonella are modulated during infection by several regulatory systems, and the RcsCDB system is one of the most important of these. The S. Typhimurium EG14873 (rcsC11) strain harbours the rcsC11 point mutation, displaying a constitutive activation of this system, which is characterized by mucoid colonies and attenuated virulence phenotypes. In this work, the stability of the rcsC11 mutation was analysed under stress conditions. Under acid and anaerobic stresses, we observed the appearance of small and non-mucoid colonies of the rcsC11 strain. The sequencing of the rcsC gene from these colonies showed that the mutation is conserved. Moreover, we found that small colonies were also generated when the wild-type strain grew in acid and anaerobic conditions. It is worth noting that the transition from normal to atypical colonies of both strains only took place after several days of incubation and was not observed during eukaryotic cell infection. Therefore, the appearance of these atypical colonies is a characteristic feature of S. Typhimurium strains under stressful situations and does not involve a reversion of the rcsC11 allele and nor does it imply any risk to mammalian cells. Therefore, we propose that the S. Typhimurium rcsC11 strain is a good candidate for the development of attenuated vaccines. Fil: Torres, Mariela Analía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Leccese Terraf, Maria Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Minahk, Carlos Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Delgado, Monica Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina

This study was conducted to determine the emergence of antibiotic producer Shigella strains, focusing the efforts in the search of new antimicrobial compounds. The ability of 388 Shigella isolates, which were originated from 15,131 fecal samples from patients with acute diarrhea analyzed between 2015-2017, to produce antimicrobial peptides was determined by deferred-antagonism assay. Here, we observed that 9.02% of the Shigella isolates produced an antimicrobial agent able to inhibit the E. coli AB133 strain growth. The CI172 strain was selected as producer for its antimicrobial characterization. This antagonist compound (ShpCI172) was produced during exponential growth phase and displayed a restricted action spectrum. It is also thermo-resistant and has about 3 kDa molecular mass. The ShpCI172 can be classified as a microcin, since CI172 did not display cross immunity with other well-known microcins. This is the first report where the production of a microcin by a Shigella flexneri 2 strains is described. The use of ShpCI172 microcin may contribute to preventing or controlling diarrheal diseases. This finding represents an important contribution in the biotechnology field for its potential in the development of new antibiotics and/or food preservatives agents.

Robobo consiste en una plataforma robótica móvil desarrollada por la compañía MINT de la Universidade da Coruña. Actualmente se utiliza como una herramienta para el aprendizaje y el aprovechamiento de las capacidades de la robótica autónoma y colaborativa en escuelas y centros de investigación, además cuenta con un paquete comercial educativo que incluye cuatro unidades. Sin embargo, el funcionamiento del Robobo carece de un proceso de recarga autónomo, automatizado, homogéneo o simultáneo. Es por lo tanto que este artículo trata la importancia y el diseño de un primer prototipo electromecánico de una estación de recarga para obtener un ciclo de carga autónomo y simultáneo de hasta cuatro plataformas robóticas móviles Robobo.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and its incidence and mortality are rapidly increasing worldwide. The dynamic interaction of immune cells and tumor cells determines the clinical outcome of cancer. Immunotherapy comes to the forefront of cancer treatments, resulting in impressive and durable responses but only in a fraction of patients. Thus, understanding the characteristics and profiles of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a necessary step to move forward in the design of new immunomodulatory strategies that can boost the immune system to fight cancer. Histamine produces a complex and fine‐tuned regulation of the phenotype and functions of the different immune cells, participating in multiple regulatory responses of the innate and adaptive immunity. Considering the important actions of histamine‐producing immune cells in the TME, in this review we first address the most important immunomodulatory roles of histamine and histamine receptors in the context of cancer development and progression. In addition, this review highlights the current progress and foundational developments in the field of cancer immunotherapy in combination with histamine and pharmacological compounds targeting histamine receptors., Targeting the histaminergic system represents a promising strategy for the potential therapeutic exploitation of new immunomodulatory drugs that can boost the immune system to fight cancer. ​

In the last decade, kidney donation has been recognized as a risk factor for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD risk calculators have been recently perfected in North American populations. In Mexico, the rates of overweight, obesity, and diabetes mellitus (DM) are among the highest worldwide; nevertheless, most kidney transplants are obtained from living donors. This study aims to describe the risk profile for chronic kidney disease (CKD) development in kidney donors in a highly active transplant center in Central Mexico.We conducted a retrospective, observational, descriptive cohort study of kidney donors followed at the Hospital Centenario Miguel Hidalgo (CHMH). We used the pretransplant CKD risk calculator at 15 years and over a lifetime (www.transplantmodels.com/esrdrisk). Aside from the calculator of kidney failure risk, we also used the calculator for postdonation CKD risk (www.transplantmodels.com/donesrd/). Factors associated with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR)60 mL/min were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.The study included 543 donors. The average follow-up period was 1.7 years (±2.7) with a median of 0.7 years (interquartile range, 0.2-2.1). The average predicted risk for ESRD development at 15 years was 0.08% (±0.1); 25.6% had a risk0.1%, and only 1 patient had a risk1%. The lifetime ESRD risk was 0.62% (±0.5); 15% had a risk1%, and the greatest risk was 3.5%. The median of patients at risk of developing postdonation ESRD was 1 in 10,000 donors (0.6-1.5) at 5 years, 5.7 in 10,000 donors (3.5-8.8) at 10 years, 15 in 10,000 donors (9.1-23.2) at 15 years, and 31 in 10,000 donors (18.9-47.7) at 20 years. During the follow-up period, 52 patients developed a GFR of60 mL/min. Both risk estimation formulas were significantly associated with a GFR of60 mL/min. Among the individual factors, the GFR (hazard ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.94-0.97, P.001) and the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (hazard ratio 1.009, 95% confidence interval 1.005-1.01, P.001) remained statistically significant.The risk of ESRD in kidney donors in Aguascalientes, Mexico, is similar to that described in the United States. Risk calculators are an indispensable decision-making tool to better understand kidney donors in our milieu.

Introduction: The abdominal perimeter and endurance to intermittent efforts reflected in VO2max are two major indicators; the first for cardiovascular risk and the second for maximum aerobic capacity. This study will make it possible to determine whether abdominal perimeter measurements are related to the subject's ability to respond to intermittent efforts. Objective: Determine the association between the abdominal perimeter and the endurance to intermittent efforts reflected in the VO2max. Methods: The participants were 91 men and 22 female students of the Bachelor's Degree in Physical Education, Recreation and Sports of the University of Pamplona. For the assessment of intermittent endurance, the intermittent fitness test 30-15 (30-15 ITF) was used with which the VO2max was determined. The abdominal perimeter was taken taking into account the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. The tabulation and analysis of data was carried out in the PSPP statistical package, applying the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test for men and Shapiro-Wilk for women, and, Spearman's correlational coefficient (p

In Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, the RcsCDB regulatory system controls the expression of genes involved in synthesis of colanic acid, formation of flagella and virulence. Here, we show that activation of the RcsCDB system downregulates expression of std, an operon that encodes fimbriae involved in Salmonella attachment to the mucus layer in the large intestine. Bioinformatic analysis predicts the existence of an RcsB-binding site located 180 bp upstream to the +1 transcription start site of the std promoter, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirm that RcsB binds the std promoter region in vitro. This study adds RcsB to the list of regulators of std transcription and provides an example of modulation of fimbriae synthesis by a signal transduction system.

El presente trabajo es una propuesta de sostenimiento socioeconómico del recurso hídrico de la laguna de Magdalena en el complejo lacustre Atillo del Parque Nacional Sangay en la provincia de Chimborazo, mediante el método indirecto de costos de viaje. En este estudio se establecen indicadores espaciales de situación hídrica y con técnicas GIS se crean unidades homogéneas, con las cuales se encuentra la distancia óptima para aplicar la metodología de círculos concéntricos en el uso de la herramienta econométrica de costos de viaje. De acuerdo al análisis de las imágenes, se puede concluir que el lago se encuentra en retroceso; sin embargo, mantiene el límite limnimétrico todavía estable. Por ello, se propone limitar las visitas a un número inferior a 300 mensuales y se propone costo oportunidad para el sostenimiento socioeconómico, a partir de las unidades homogéneas, donde se considera el precio, mediante la estimación de precio del mercado, siendo su resultado igual al costo del viaje + Costo del tiempo de viaje, tomando como base el tiempo de permanencia promedio que no supera un día, para el sostenimiento del ecosistema.

El Laboratorio de Análisis Instrumental ubicado en el 5to piso del Edificio No. 17 de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional brinda servicios de análisis de gases de pozo, biogás, biocidas, solventes, vidrios laminados y templados, entre otros; no obstante, no cuenta con un sistema integrado de Gestión que incluya la ISO 9001:2015 ni ISO 14001:2015, los cuales deberían ser una base fundamental a fin de permitir una dirección basada en la optimización de procesos con una disminución de los impactos ambientales que puede generar cualquier empresa. Con estos antecedentes, el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo desarrollar un mecanismo para implementación de un SIG y que vaya acorde a la normativa ISO 17025:2015 mediante una búsqueda sistemática de bibliografía y como parte de la acreditación del mismo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la técnica de integración total, propuesta por Block y Marash (2000) y la técnica de alineamiento propuesta por Ferguson et al (2002), son adecuadas para este tipo de laboratorio, y replicables para laboratorios similares.

Arturo Ortiz-Álvarez,1 Mónica A Delgado-Ramírez,1 Montserrat Cuevas-Zúñiga,1 Teresa Hernández-Carrera,1 David Moncada Barrón,2 Daniel Aguilar Zapata,1 Rafael R Valdez Vázquez,1 Juan Pablo Ramírez-Hinojosa,1 Ana Patricia Rodríguez-Zulueta1 1Department of Infectious Disease, Hospital General Dr. Manuel GEA González, Mexico City, Mexico; 2Microbiology Laboratory, Hospital General Dr. Manuel GEA González, Mexico City, Mexico Introduction: Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy is a safe, effective, and convenient way of administering antimicrobials for a wide variety of infections. So far there are no reports on the efficacy of outpatient antimicrobial therapy in Mexico. Our objective was to determine the outcomes, safety, and cost of outpatient ertapenem therapy (OET) in our hospital. Patients and methods: A case series of 99 patients that received intravenous OET was conducted. The primary outcomes were clinical cure, relapse, and recurrence of infection. Results: Of the 99 patients who received OET the most common diagnosis was urinary tract infection in 56%. Extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae caused 67% of infections in our population. Ninety-seven percent of the patients were cured at the completion of OET. One patient presented relapse 12 days after the end of OET; two patients presented recurrence, one with skin and soft tissue infection and one with pyelonephritis at days 35 and 34, respectively, after the end of OET. Three patients were readmitted after OET, one with an episode of phlebitis, one with recurrence, and one with relapse. A case of non-Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea was observed. The intravascular line complications observed during OET were phlebitis in two patients. Conclusion: In our hospital, the OET was found to be effective, safe, and cost-saving when compared to inpatient care. Keywords: OPAT, ESBL, ertapenem

In this paper, we research theoretically and experimentally the 3D laminar flow of an electrolyte in an annular open channel driven by a Lorentz force. The annular duct is formed by two concentric electrically conducting cylinders and limited by an insulating bottom wall. The interaction between a uniform magnetic field along the axial direction and a radial electric current produces a Lorentz force that drives the fluid in the azimuthal direction, producing a Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow. The effect of the three walls is analyzed in detail by considering the gap between the cylinders as well as the depth of the channel. The steady flow is solved using a Galerkin method with orthogonal Bessel-Fourier series. A quasi-analytic approximation for velocity is found. Velocity profiles are explored by varying the depth of the channel and the gap between the cylinders in order to show the effect of the walls on the flow configuration. Results are compared with experimental data provided by PIV technique as well as in those found in scientific literature.

Resumen Introducción. El tumor fibroso solitario de pleura (TFSP) es una neoplasia poco frecuente, con aproximadamente 1.000 casos reportados en la literatura mundial. La aproximación diagnóstica inicial se realiza con estudios imagenológicos. Métodos. De forma retrospectiva, se recopilaron cuatro casos de pacientes con TFSP gigante operados en nuestra institución. Se describen las características sociodemográficas, clínicas, imagenológicas, macroscópicas y microscópicas de cada caso. Resultados. Todos los pacientes de la serie cursaron con manifestaciones clínicas, con un promedio de 23,75 meses de evolución. El 50% de los tumores se localizaron en la cavidad pleural derecha y el 50% en la izquierda. En tomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax, los cuatro casos se presentaron como una masa sólida, de densidad heterogénea, con diámetros mayores entre 17 y 22 cm y contornos variables (lisos en tres casos y lobulados en un paciente). Se observaron calcificaciones intratumorales en dos casos y derrame pleural en tres pacientes. En cirugía, todas las masas presentaron pedículos. El análisis histológico e inmuno-químico confirmó la naturaleza benigna de tres casos y malignidad en una de las neoplasias. Conclusiones. Los TFSP generalmente son benignos y de buen pronóstico. Sin embargo, entre 10 y 20% de esos tumores son malignos. Las imágenes diagnósticas pueden sugerir el diagnóstico de TFSP, pero la confirmación de la naturaleza de la lesión debe realizarse con el análisis histopatológico de toda la pieza quirúrgica. Abstract Introduction. Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is a rare neoplasm, with ~1.000 cases reported in the worldwide literature. The initial diagnostic approach is performed by imaging studies. Methods. Retrospectively, we collected four cases of patients with giant SFTP operated in our institution. The sociodemographic, clinical, imaging, macroscopic, and microscopic characteristics of each case are described. Results. All the patients in the series had clinical manifestations, with an average of 23.75 months of evolution. 50% of the tumors were located in the right pleural cavity and 50% in the left. In chest computed tomography (CT), the four cases presented as a solid mass, of heterogeneous density, with greater diameters between 17 and 22 cm, and variable contours (smooth in three cases and lobulated in one patient). Intratumoral calcifications were observed in two cases and pleural effusion in three patients. In surgery, all masses presented pedicles. The histological and immunochemical analysis confirmed the benign nature of three cases and malignancy in one of them. Conclusions. SFTPs are usually benign and have a good prognosis. However, between 10 and 20% of these tumors are malignant. Diagnostic images may suggest the diagnosis of SFTP, but confirmation of the nature of the lesion should be made with the histopathological analysis of the entire surgical specimen.

Background: The histamine H4 receptor (H4R) is preferentially expressed in immune cells and is a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This study aimed at further exploring the role of H4R in the immunobiology of breast cancer. Methods: We used wild type (WT) and H4R deficient mice (KO) to evaluate whether H4R genotypes show a different distribution of T cell subsets in spleens, tumours and tumour draining lymph nodes (TDLN) in a syngeneic ErbB2-positive breast cancer model developed orthotopically with LM3 cells and its impact on tumour growth. Results: The presence of tumours had a differential impact on the distribution of T cells in TDLN from KO mice compared to WT ones. At day 21 post-inoculation (p.i.) of cells, despite no significant changes in the tumour weight, TDLN from KO mice showed a significantly increased proportion of CD8+ T cells compared to WT mice. At day 38 p.i. of cells a reduced tumour weight was evident in KO mice. This was accompanied by a decreased proportion of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in TDLN of KO compared to WT mice. Tumour-bearing KO mice showed a better survival compared to WT mice. Conclusions: H4R-mediated mechanisms may modulate the immune tumour microenvironment, promoting an immunosuppressive milieu. Results suggest that H4R could be explored as an immunotherapeutic target with potential benefit in combination with immunotherapy. Further preclinical and clinical studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis. Fil: Nicoud, Melisa Beatriz. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Táquez Delgado, Mónica Alejandra. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Sarasola, María de la Paz. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Vidal, Maria Agustina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Speisky, Daniela Lorena. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Cremaschi, Graciela Alicia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Sterle, Helena Andrea. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Medina, Vanina Araceli. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina

This study aims to make the optimal selection of Phase Change Materials (PCM) based on thermal properties and according to industrial application, in addition to publicize the most used methods to facilitate this selection. Although there are several types of PCM, depending on the composition and characteristics they can be used in different applications. The most used characterization methods, throughout their study, are the DSC and the T-history, but new methods that replicate or exceed the expected are still being studied, which contribute to make an adequate material selection and their components. The bibliography and study of these materials has aroused curiosity and over the years new materials and new ways of obtaining them are studied. Also, to improve the environment in which they work, wider applications and those currently used, it is possible to obtain greater energy efficiency. Abstract should summarize the contents of the paper in short terms, i.e. 150–250 words.

Esta investigación aporta datos específicos para los organismos de salud, el sector empresarial y las instituciones de educación superior, que pueden contribuir en el fortalecimiento del ejercicio y la formación profesional de los fisioterapeutas. Objetivos: describir las condiciones sociolaborales y de formación profesional de los fisioterapeutas graduados de la Universidad Mariana. Materiales y métodos: enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, basado en la aplicación de una encuesta. El análisis y procesamiento se realizó con paquete estadístico SPSS versión 3.0. Resultados: participaron 115 fisioterapeutas, predominando el género femenino (76 %); el 86 % trabaja y de estos el 70 % labora en empresas privadas, con contratos por prestación de servicios (50 %), devengando entre uno y dos salarios mínimos (44 %). La actividad laboral predominante fue la asistencial (68 %) siendo el área musculoesquelética la de mayor desempeño (52 %). Conclusión: siguiendo una tendencia nacional, se evidencia que predominan las mujeres jóvenes en el ejercicio profesional, con una situación actual crítica por el tipo de contratación y salario devengado.

Northwest Argentina (NWA) is a poor economic-geographical region, with the highest rate of diarrhea diseases. At the moment, there are no reports showing the epidemiological status of this region that would allow to establish methods for prevention and control of these infections and to indicate of the prevalent pathogen that produces them. Therefore we carried out an epidemiological study of the gastroenteritis etiological agents and their incidence in the pediatric population. A total of 17 823 fecal samples were collected, 14 242 from HNJ-Tuc, 2,257 from CePSI-Stgo and 1,324 from HINEP-Cat. In 2,595 samples a bacterial agent was identified, the 93.64% corresponded to Shigella/Salmonella clinical isolates. Shigella genus was the prevalent pathogen, being Shigella flexneri 2 the most frequent serotype. Most of the Shigella clinical isolates presented themselves as multidrug-resistant (MDR), harboring 2 to 3 genetic resistance determinants. 50% of the affected patients were children under 4 years old. Here, we demonstrate that bacterial gastrointestinal diseases strongly affect the health of NWA population. The appearance of epidemic outbreaks, as happened during 2014, suggest that they may be related to the socio-economic poverty of NWA. Recently, Shigella flexneri 2 has become the highest NWA´s incidence infectious agent. The acquisition of new antibiotic resistance determinants may play an important role in their adaptation and persistence.

Con el presente artículo se ampliará la información necesaria para dar a conocer cuál debe ser la cobertura de operacionalización de la garantía de tutela judicial efectiva e integral en materia de medidas de protección de niños, niñas y adolescentes, con lo cual como punto principal se pretende optimizar la prestación de servicios en casos donde se necesite la administración de justicia bajo una doctrina de protección integral, mediante el desarrollo de programas estratégicos y operativos que permitan establecer los principios procesales para la administración de justicia en el caso de niños, niñas y adolescentes entre los 8 y 13 años, implicados en hechos punibles, en el Municipio Los Taques, Parroquia Santa Cruz de Los Taques, Población del Hoyito del Estado Falcón; debido a que en la Ley Orgánica de Protección de Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes solo se establece la responsabilidad penal para adolescentes mayores de 14 años de edad

Este escrito describe la experiencia educativa en prácticas de acompañamiento a las trayectorias académicas de estudiantes con discapacidad en el ingreso al nivel superior. Suma sentidos valiosos que permiten ubicar estrategias y apoyos desplegados desde un equipo pedagógico, bajo los lineamientos de un Programa integral de Accesibilidad que la Universidad desarrolla desde hace varios años. Esta propuesta institucional, se asienta en un marco político pedagógico pero también epistemológico, desde donde se desarrollan procesos de acompañamiento académico. Por un lado, desde perspectivas que garantizan el derecho a la educación en personas con discapacidad que eligen transitar este nivel educativo. Y por otro, en torno a posiciones críticas respecto a concepciones de discapacidad, trayectorias, y de acompañamiento. Desde un equipo de trabajo interdisciplinar se vienen construyendo recursos institucionales que transversalizan la perspectiva de accesibilidad académica y que se constituyen en configuraciones de apoyo, propiciando el trabajo en red y colaborativo. A su vez la tarea de profesionales que desde el campo educativo sostienen y propician dichas construcciones en pos del acompañamiento en trayectorias e itinerarios de estudiantes, que provienen principalmente de la escuela secundaria rionegrina y comienzan su tránsito por la Educación Superior., This paper describes the educational experience in accompanying practices of the students with disabilities academic trajectories when entering into the Higher Education. It adds valuable senses that allow locating strategies and supports from a pedagogical team, under the guidelines of a comprehensive Accessibility Program that the university has been developing for several years.This institutional proposal is based on a pedagogical but also epistemological political framework, from where academic support processes are developed. On the one hand, from perspectives that guarantee the right to education for people with disabili-ties who choose to go through this educational level.And on the other, around critical positions regarding conceptions of disability, trajectories, and support.From an interdisciplinary work team, institutional resources have been developed to support the perspective of academic accessibility and promoting collaborative networking. At the same time, the task of professionals who, from the educational field, support and promote said constructions in pursuit of the accompaniment in the trajectories and itineraries of students, who mainly come from Rio Negro high school and begin their transit through Higher Education., Especialización en Docencia Universitaria

RESUMEN El quitosano y sus derivados como agentes antimicrobianos naturales pueden aplicarse en agricultura, alimentos, biomédica, biotecnológica y farmacéutica. Su actividad antimicrobiana depende de muchos factores tales como su tamaño molecular, fuente, componentes asociados, pH, concentración y tipo de microorganismo. La cáscara de naranja es un biosorbente de naturaleza ecológica, de bajo costo y fácil disponibilidad. La investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto antimicrobiano de mezclas de quitosano y extracto acuoso de la cascara de naranja a diferentes concentraciones en el tratamiento de aguas residuales. El quitosano se obtuvo de forma comercial (Ch) de bajo peso molecular con un grado de desacetilación (DA) del 81,4%, y la cáscara de naranja se obtuvo a partir del secado al ambiente y posterior pulverización. En el ensayo, se aislaron e identificaron bacterias Gram negativas y Gram positivas de las muestras de agua residual que se tomaron en el emisario final de la planta de tratamiento PTAR del municipio de Saravena, (Colombia); y se determinó el % de inhibición a partir de pruebas de antibiograma. Los resultados mostraron que las bacterias Gram positivas son más sensibles que las Gram negativas a los tratamientos, la combinación de quitosano y extracto acuoso de cascara de naranja (50-50%) causo un incremento significativo en el % de inhibición. Demostrando que la cascara de naranja potencializa la actividad antibacteriana del quitosano y lo convierten en un agente eficiente para ser usado en el tratamiento de aguas residuales. ABSTRACT Chitosan and its derivatives as natural antimicrobial agents can be applied in agriculture, and in the food, biomedical, biotechnological and pharmaceutical industry. Its antimicrobial activity depends on many factors such as its molecular size, source, associated components, pH, concentration and the type of microorganism. Orange peels are a bio absorbent of ecological nature low-cost and easily found. The research aims to assess the antimicrobial effect of chitosan and aqueous extract or orange peels in different concentrations for the treatment of waste waters. The chitosan was obtained in its commercial presentation (Ch) of low molecular weight with a deacetylation (DA) degree of 81.4%, and the orange peels were treated by air-drying and later pulverization. During the essay, Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were isolated and identified from the samples of waste water taken from the final emitter in the waste water treatment plant in the municipality of Saravena, Colombia; and the inhibition percentage was determined through antibiogram tests. Results showed that Gram positive bacteria are more sensitive to treatment than Gram negative bacteria. The combination of chitosan and aqueous extract of orange peels (at a 50%-50% ratio) caused a significant increase in the inhibition percentage, showing that orange peels bolster the antibacterial activity of chitosan and make it an efficient agent to be used in the treatment of waste waters.

The virulence genes of

The paper presents a technique developed for the enhancement of a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurement process in a customized machine vision system. The PIV measurements are performed for an accurate “Velocity Profile” mathematical model validation of a Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stirrer prototype. Data mining and filtering have been applied to a raw measurement database from the customized machine vision system designed to evaluate the MHD stirrer prototype. Outlier's elimination and smoothing have been applied to raw data to approximate the PIV measurements output to the velocity profile mathematical model in order to increase the accuracy of a customized machine vision system for 2D velocity profile measurements. The accurate measurement of the 2D velocity profile is fundamental owing to the requirement of future enhancement of the customized machine vision system to construct the 3D velocity profile of the MHD stirrer prototype. The presented technique can be used for measurement and validation in the design of devices that require fluid manipulation for tasks such as pumping, networking, propelling, stirring, mixing, and even cooling without a need for mechanical components due to MHD's non-intrusive nature provides a solution to mechanical moving elements issues.

The development of microelectromechanical systems based on magnetohydrodynamic for micro-robot applications requires precise control of the micro-flow behavior. The micro-flow channel design and its performance under the influence of the Lorentz force is a critical challenge, the mathematical model of each magnetohydrodynamic device design must be experimentally validated before to be employed in the fabrication of microelectromechanical systems. For this purpose, the present article proposes the enhancement of a particle image velocimetry measurement process in a customized machine vision system. The particle image velocimetry measurements are performed for the micro-flow velocity profile mathematical model validation of a magnetohydrodynamic stirrer prototype. Data mining and filtering have been applied to a raw measurement database from the customized machine vision system designed to evaluate the magnetohydrodynamic stirrer prototype. Outlier’s elimination and smoothing have been applied to raw data to approximate the particle image velocimetry measurements output to the velocity profile mathematical model to increase the accuracy of a customized machine vision system for two-dimensional velocity profile measurements. The accurate measurement of the two-dimensional velocity profile is fundamental owing to the requirement of future enhancement of the customized machine vision system to construct the three-dimensional velocity profile of the magnetohydrodynamic stirrer prototype. The presented methodology can be used for measurement and validation in the design of microelectromechanical systems micro-robot design and any other devices that require micro-flow manipulation for tasks such as stirring, pumping, mixing, networking, propelling, and even cooling.

Fil: Nicoud, Melisa Beatriz. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral e Inflamación; Argentina Fil: Nicoud, Melisa Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Sterle, Helena A. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. División de Neuroinmunomodulación y Oncología Molecular; Argentina Fil: Sterle, Helena A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Massari, Noelia A. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Inmunología; Argentina Fil: Táquez Delgado, Mónica Alejandra. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral e Inflamación; Argentina Fil: Táquez Delgado, Mónica Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Nicoud, Melisa Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Laboratorio de Radioisótopos,; Argentina Fil: Formoso, Karina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Laboratorio de Farmacología y Función de los Canales Iónicos; Argentina Fil: Formoso, Karina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Herrero Ducloux, María V. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Patología; Argentina Fil: Martinel Lamas, Diego José. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral e Inflamación; Argentina Fil: Martinel Lamas, Diego José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Cremaschi, Graciela A. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. División de Neuroinmunomodulación y Oncología Molecular; Argentina Fil: Cremaschi, Graciela A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Medina, Vanina A. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral e Inflamación; Argentina Fil: Medina, Vanina A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Medina, Vanina A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Laboratorio de Radioisótopos,; Argentina Abstract: Background: The aim of this work was to improve the knowledge of the role of histamine in breast cancer by assessing the therapeutic efficacy of histamine and histamine H4 receptor (H4R) ligands in a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) model developed in immunocompetent hosts. By using publicly available genomic data, we further investigated whether histidine decarboxylase (HDC) could be a potential biomarker. Methods: Tumours of 4T1 TNBC cells were orthotopically established in BALB/c mice. Treatments employed (mg kg−1): histamine (1 and 5), JNJ28610244 (H4R agonist, 1 and 5) and JNJ7777120 (H4R antagonist, 10). Results: Increased HDC gene expression is associated with better relapse-free and overall survival in breast cancer patients. Histamine treatment (5 mg kg−1) of 4T1 tumour-bearing mice reduced tumour growth and increased apoptosis. Although no immunomodulatory effects were observed in wild-type mice, significant correlations between tumour weight and cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltration were detected in H4R knockout mice. H4R agonist or antagonist differentially modulated tumour growth and immunity in 4T1 tumour-bearing mice. Conclusions: Histamine plays a complex role and stands out as a promising drug for TNBC treatment, which deserves to be tested in clinical settings. HDC expression level is associated with clinicopathological characteristics, suggesting a prognostic value in breast cancer.

Bacterial survive and respond to adverse changes in the environment by regulating gene transcription through two-component regulatory systems. In Salmonella Typhimurium the STM1485 gene expression is induced under low pH (4.5) during replication inside the epithelial host cell, but it is not involved in sensing or resisting to this condition. Since the RcsCDB system is activated under acidic conditions, we investigated whether this system is able to modulate STM1485 expression. We demonstrated that acid-induced activation of the RcsB represses STM1485 transcription by directly binding to the promoter. Under the same condition, the RstA regulator activates the expression of this gene. Physiologically, we observed that RcsB-dependent repression is required for the survival of bacteria when they are exposed to pancreatic fluids. We hypothesized that STM1485 plays an important role in Salmonella adaptation to pH changes, during transition in the gastrointestinal tract. We suggest that bacteria surviving the gastrointestinal environment invade the epithelial cells, where they can remain in vacuoles. In this new environment, acidity and magnesium starvation activate the expression of the RstA regulator in a PhoPQ-dependent manner, which in turn induces STM1485 expression. These levels of STM1485 allow increased bacterial replication within vacuoles to continue the course of infection. Fil: Torrez Lamberti, Monica Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Farizano, Juan Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Lopez, Fabian Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito; Argentina Fil: Martinez Zamora, Martin Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Pescaretti, María de Las Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Táquez Delgado, Mónica Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina

The intracellular pathogen Salmonella is an important cause of human foodborne diseases worldwide. Salmonella takes advantage of the phosphorelay regulatory systems to survive in the hostile environment of the host´s gastrointestinal tract. It has been reported that the nitrate reductase Z (NR-Z), encoded by the narUZYV operon, is required during Salmonella transition to anaerobic environments and is constitutively produced at low levels, but little is known about the regulatory mechanism involved in the operon gene expression. In this work, we found that the RcsCDB system is activated by high concentrations of specific sugars as a carbon source. In this activation state, the RcsCDB system participates in the negative control of narUZYWV expression. This control strategy occurs during exponential growth when the carbon source is high, allowing for normal aerobic respiration. The RcsCDB system´s participation in aerobic respiration is necessary to ensure efficient metabolism and optimal energy consumption when the bacteria are growing exponentially. Fil: Torrez Lamberti, Monica Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Ballesteros, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Lopez, Fabian Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Pescaretti, María de Las Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Táquez Delgado, Mónica Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina

The Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium RcsCDB system regulates the synthesis of colanic acid and the flagellum as well as the expression of virulence genes. We previously demonstrated that the rcsC11 mutant, which constitutively activates the RcsB regulator, attenuates Salmonella virulence in an animal model. This attenuated phenotype was also produced by deletion of the slyA gene. In this work, we investigated if this antagonistic behavior is produced by modulating the expression of both regulator-encoding genes. We demonstrated that SlyA overproduction negatively regulates rcsB transcription. A bioinformatics analysis enabled us to identify putative SlyA binding sites on both promoters, PrcsDB and PrcsB, which control rcsB transcriptional levels. We also determined that SlyA is able to recognize and bind to these predicted sites to modulate the activity of both rcsB promoters. According to these results, SlyA represses rcsB transcription by direct binding to specific sites located on the rcsB promoters, thus accounting for the attenuated/virulence antagonistic behaviors. Moreover, we showed that the opposite effect between both regulators also physiologically affects the Salmonella motility phenotype. In this sense, we observed that under SlyA overproduction, PrcsB is repressed, and consequently, bacterial motility is increased. On the basis of these results, we suggest that during infection, the different RcsB levels produced act as a switch between the virulent and attenuated forms of Salmonella. Thereby, we propose that higher concentrations of RcsB tilt the balance toward the attenuated form, while absence or low concentrations resulting from SlyA overproduction tilt the balance toward the virulent form. Fil: Ballesteros, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Torrez Lamberti, Monica Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Farizano, Juan Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Pescaretti, María de Las Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina Fil: Delgado, Monica Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Biológica; Argentina

Background: Although the role of histamine H4 receptor (H4R) in immune cells is being extensively investigated, its immunomodulatory function in cancer is completely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of H4R in antitumour immunity in a model of triple-negative breast cancer. Methods: We evaluated growth parameters, histological characteristics and the composition of tumour, splenic and tumour draining lymph node (TDLN) immune subsets, in a syngeneic model, developed orthotopically with 4T1 cells in H4R knockout (H4R-KO) and wild-type mice. Results: Mice lacking H4R show reduced tumour size and weight, decreased number of lung metastases and percentage of CD4 + tumour-infiltrating T cells, while exhibiting increased infiltration of NK cells and CD19 + lymphocytes. Likewise, TDLN of H4R-KO mice show decreased CD4 + T cells and T regulatory cells (CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + ), and increased percentages of NK cells. Finally, H4R-deficient mice show decreased Tregs in spleens and non-draining lymph nodes, and a negative correlation between tumour weight and the percentages of CD4 + , CD19 + and NK splenic cells, suggesting that H4R also regulates antitumour immunity at a systemic level. Conclusions: This is the first report that demonstrates the participation of H4R in antitumour immunity, suggesting that H4R could be a target for cancer treatment. Fil: Sterle, Helena Andrea. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Nicoud, Melisa Beatriz. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Massari, Noelia Andrea. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; Argentina Fil: Táquez Delgado, Mónica Alejandra. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Herrero Ducloux, María Verónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; Argentina Fil: Cremaschi, Graciela Alicia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina Fil: Medina, Vanina Araceli. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina

Recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that platyrrhines constitute a monophyletic group represented by three families: Cebidae, Atelidae, and Pitheciidae. Morphological variability between and within these three families, however, is widely discussed and debated. The aim of this study was to assess molar shape variability in platyrrhines, to explore patterns of interspecific variation among extant species, and to evaluate how molar shape can be used as a taxonomic indicator. The analyses were conducted using standard multivariate analyses of geometric morphometric data from 802 platyrrhine lower molars. The results indicated that the interspecific variation exhibited a highly homoplastic pattern related to functional adaptation of some taxa. However, phylogeny was also an important factor in shaping molar morphological traits, given that some phenotypic similarities were consistent with current phylogenetic positions. Our results show that the phylogenetic and functional signals of lower molar shape vary depending on the taxa and the tooth considered. Based on molar shape, Aotus showed closer similarities to Callicebus, as well as to some Cebidae and Ateles-Lagothrix, due to convergent evolutionary trends caused by similar dietary habits, or due to fast-evolving branches in the Aotus lineage, somewhat similar to the shape of Callicebus and Cebidae.