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1. Data quality control considerations in multivariate environmental monitoring: experience of the French coastal network SOMLIT

Author

Elsa Breton, Nicolas Savoye, Peggy Rimmelin-Maury, Benoit Sautour, Eric Goberville, Arnaud Lheureux, Thierry Cariou, Sophie Ferreira, Hélène Agogué, Samir Alliouane, Fabien Aubert, Sébastien Aubin, Eric Berthebaud, Hadrien Blayac, Lucie Blondel, Cédric Boulart, Yann Bozec, Sarah Bureau, Arnaud Caillo, Arnaud Cauvin, Jean-Baptiste Cazes, Léo Chasselin, Pascal Claquin, Pascal Conan, Marie-Ange Cordier, Laurence Costes, Romain Crec’hriou, Olivier Crispi, Muriel Crouvoisier, Valérie David, Yolanda Del Amo, Hortense De Lary, Gaspard Delebecq, Jeremy Devesa, Aurélien Domeau, Maria Durozier, Claire Emery, Eric Feunteun, Juliette Fauchot, Valérie Gentilhomme, Sandrine Geslin, Mélanie Giraud, Karine Grangeré, Gerald Grégori, Emilie Grossteffan, Aurore Gueux, Julien Guillaudeau, Gael Guillou, Manon Harrewyn, Orianne Jolly, Florence Jude-Lemeilleur, Paul Labatut, Nathalie Labourdette, Nicolas Lachaussée, Michel Lafont, Veronique Lagadec, Christophe Lambert, Jezebel Lamoureux, Laurent Lanceleur, Benoit Lebreton, Eric Lecuyer, David Lemeille, Yann Leredde, Cédric Leroux, Aude Leynaert, Stéphane L’Helguen, Camilla Liénart, Eric Macé, Eric Maria, Barbara Marie, Dominique Marie, Sébastien Mas, Fabrice Mendes, Line Mornet, Behzad Mostajir, Laure Mousseau, Antoine Nowaczyk, Sandra Nunige, René Parra, Thomas Paulin, David Pecqueur, Franck Petit, Philippe Pineau, Patrick Raimbault, Fabienne Rigaut-Jalabert, Christophe Salmeron, Ian Salter, Pierre-Guy Sauriau, Laurent Seuront, Emmanuelle Sultan, Rémi Valdès, Vincent Vantrepotte, Francesca Vidussi, Florian Voron, Renaud Vuillemin, Laurent. Zudaire, and Nicole Garcia

Subjects
environmental monitoring network, data quality control, inter-laboratory comparison exercises, measurement uncertainty, analyst performance, multivariate dataset, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

IntroductionWhile crucial to ensuring the production of accurate and high-quality data—and to avoid erroneous conclusions—data quality control (QC) in environmental monitoring datasets is still poorly documented.MethodsWith a focus on annual inter-laboratory comparison (ILC) exercises performed in the context of the French coastal monitoring SOMLIT network, we share here a pragmatic approach to QC, which allows the calculation of systematic and random errors, measurement uncertainty, and individual performance. After an overview of the different QC actions applied to fulfill requirements for quality and competence, we report equipment, accommodation, design of the ILC exercises, and statistical methodology specially adapted to small environmental networks (

Published
2023
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2. Simulation of an artificial upwelling using immersed in situ phytoplankton microcosms

Author

Marie Boye, Denis de la Broise, Anne Donval, Mélanie Giraud, Véronique Garçon, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and France Energies Marines [Brest]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion, Chlorophyll a, Microcosms, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, growth, Population, coastal waters, prochlorococcus, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, surface waters, chemistry.chemical_compound, pacific, Phytoplankton, Incubation experiment, north-atlantic, 14. Life underwater, Artificial upwelling, diatom blooms, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, atlantic-ocean, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, ACL, nutrient, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Food web, biology.organism_classification, Oceanography, chemistry, Intertropical area, Upwelling, Seawater, Prochlorococcus, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Microcosm, Martinique
Abstract

00000 ăWOS:000369212600010; International audience; The inflow of deep seawater in the surface layer by an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plant will generate artificial upwelling. In order to study the potential impact on biogeochemical processes that could result, in situ microcosms were designed to simulate seawater plant discharge and these were deployed off the Caribbean coast of Martinique. Seawater was collected in ultra-clean conditions at maximum chlorophyll a concentrations (45 m depth). The water was then mixed with either 2% or 10% deep seawater (1100 m depth) and put in 2.3 L polycarbonate bottles. These microcosms were immersed for 6 days at 45 m depth on a 220 m mooring. Samples from the surrounding environment and from the microcosms were analyzed by pigment quantification, counting of picophytoplankton groups and macronutrient analyses. Similar trends in the evolutions of the phytoplankton populations were observed over time between the control microcosms (without addition of deep seawater) and the surrounding environment, suggesting that these microcosms can be used as a realistic representation of the natural surrounding waters over a 6-day incubation period. Microcosm enrichment with 10% deep seawater induced a shift in the phytoplankton assemblage towards the development of diatoms, haptophytes, and Prochlorococcus, whereas 2% enrichment only led to an increase in the Prochlorococcus population.

Published
2016

3. Potential effects of deep seawater discharge by an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion plant on the marine microorganisms in oligotrophic waters

Author

Marie Boye, Stéphane L'Helguen, Véronique Garçon, Denis de la Broise, Joël Sudre, Mélanie Giraud, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France Energies Marines [Brest], Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ocean thermal energy conversion, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Regional Ocean Modeling System, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Water column, Phytoplankton, Solar Energy, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Martinique, Seawater, Photic zone, Renewable Energy, Environmental standards, 14. Life underwater, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Microbiota, ACL, Temperature, Modeling, Biogeochemistry, Plankton, Artificial seawater discharge in situ experiments, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Marine microbial ecosystem, Oceanography, Pilot plant, Caribbean Region, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Installation of an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion pilot plant (OTEC) off the Caribbean coast of Martinique is expected to use approximately 100 000 m 3 h-1 of deep seawater for its functioning. This study examined the potential effects of the cold nutrient-rich deep seawater discharge on the phytoplankton community living in the surface warm oligotrophic waters before the installation of the pilot plant. Numerical simulations of deep seawater upwelled by the OTEC, showed that a 3.0 °C temperature change, considered as a critical threshold for temperature impact, was never reached during an annual cycle on the top 150 m of the water column on two considered sections centered on the OTEC. The thermal effect should be limited, less than 1 km 2 on the area exhibited a temperature difference of 0.3 °C (absolute value), producing a negligible thermic impact on the phytoplankton assemblage. The impact on phytoplankton of the resulting mixed deep and surface seawater was evaluated by in situ microcosm experiments. Two scenarios of water mix ratio (2 % and 10 % of deep water) were tested at two incubation depths (deep chlorophyll-a maximum: DCM and bottom of the euphotic layer: BEL). The larger impact was obtained at DCM for the highest deep seawater addition (10 %), with a development of diatoms and haptophytes, whereas 2 % addition induced only a limited change of the phytoplankton community (relatively higher Prochlorococcus sp. abundance, but without significant shift of the assemblage). This study suggested that the OTEC plant would significantly modify the phytoplankton assemblage with a shift from pico-phytoplankton toward micro-phytoplankton only in the case of a discharge affecting the DCM and would be restricted to a local scale. Since the lower impact on the phytoplankton assemblage was obtained at BEL, this depth can be recommended for the discharge of the deep seawater to exploit the OTEC plant

Published
2018

4. La Prose du Transsibérien et de la Petite Jehanne de France de Blaise Cendrars ou les Sursauts de la Mémoire

Author

Mélanie Giraud

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Literature, History, Literature and Literary Theory, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, Poetry, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Art history, Art, Modernization theory, The arts, Style (visual arts), Introspection, business, media_common, Merge (linguistics)
Abstract

A text in which genres, arts, disciplines, or even beings and worlds merge, La Prose du Transsiberien by Blaise Cendrars spreads out on the weft of the paper like the trains that it evokes on the tracks. The purpose of this article is to examine how, in this new poetic prose style, the instrument of separating and conjoining that is the train becomes a vehicle of both introspection and extroversion, as well as a representative of self-realization and of another modernization.

Published
2013

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