1. Immune Profiling of Human Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Identifies a Role for Isolated Lymphoid Follicles in Priming of Region-Specific Immunity.
- Author
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Fenton TM, Jørgensen PB, Niss K, Rubin SJS, Mörbe UM, Riis LB, Da Silva C, Plumb A, Vandamme J, Jakobsen HL, Brunak S, Habtezion A, Nielsen OH, Johansson-Lindbom B, and Agace WW
- Subjects
- Adaptive Immunity genetics, Animals, Flow Cytometry, Gastric Mucosa immunology, Gastric Mucosa metabolism, Gastric Mucosa ultrastructure, Humans, Immunity, Mucosal genetics, Immunoglobulin A genetics, Immunoglobulin A immunology, Immunoglobulin M genetics, Immunoglobulin M immunology, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa ultrastructure, Intestines ultrastructure, Lymphocytes immunology, Lymphocytes metabolism, Lymphoid Tissue metabolism, Lymphoid Tissue ultrastructure, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Peyer's Patches immunology, Peyer's Patches metabolism, Peyer's Patches ultrastructure, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Adaptive Immunity immunology, Immunity, Mucosal immunology, Intestinal Mucosa immunology, Intestines immunology, Lymphoid Tissue immunology
- Abstract
The intestine contains some of the most diverse and complex immune compartments in the body. Here we describe a method for isolating human gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs) that allows unprecedented profiling of the adaptive immune system in submucosal and mucosal isolated lymphoid follicles (SM-ILFs and M-ILFs, respectively) as well as in GALT-free intestinal lamina propria (LP). SM-ILF and M-ILF showed distinct patterns of distribution along the length of the intestine, were linked to the systemic circulation through MAdCAM-1
+ high endothelial venules and efferent lymphatics, and had immune profiles consistent with immune-inductive sites. IgA sequencing analysis indicated that human ILFs are sites where intestinal adaptive immune responses are initiated in an anatomically restricted manner. Our findings position ILFs as key inductive hubs for regional immunity in the human intestine, and the methods presented will allow future assessment of these compartments in health and disease., Competing Interests: Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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