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68 results on '"Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]"'

1. Glial Endozepines Reverse High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity by Enhancing Hypothalamic Response to Peripheral Leptin

Author: Guenievre Roussel, Bruno Lebrun, Vincent Prevot, Michel Dallaporta, Marie-Christine Tonon, Damien Lanfray, André Jean, Manon Duquenne, Florent Guillebaud, Jean-Denis Troadec, Seddik Riad, Mehdi Djelloul, Jérôme Leprince, Clément Pierre, Kevin Poirot, Stéphanie Gaigé, Fabrice Morin, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] (LNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog (ex-JPARC)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Cell Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Physiologie et physiopathologie du système nerveux somato-moteur et neurovégétatif (PPSN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], and ANR-16-CE14-0011,EZICROM,Rôle des endozépines dans la régulation centrale normale et pathologique du métabolisme énergétique(2016)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MAPK/ERK pathway, medicine.medical_specialty, Endozepine, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Context (language use), [SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, Biology, Energy homeostasis, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Leptin receptor, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Insulin, Leptin, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Neurology, chemistry, Hypothalamus, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Research on energy homeostasis has focused on neuronal signaling; however, the role of glial cells has remained little explored. Glial endozepines exert anorexigenic actions by mechanisms which remain poorly understood. In this context, the present study was designed to decipher the mechanisms underlying the anorexigenic action of endozepines and to investigate their potential curative effect on high-fat diet-induced obesity. We carried out a combination of physiological, pharmacological, and molecular analyses together to dissect the underlying mechanisms of endozepine-induced hypophagia. To evaluate the potential anti-obesity effect of endozepines, different model of obesity were used, i.e., ob/ob and diet-induced obese mice. We show that the intracerebral administration of endozepines enhances satiety by targeting anorexigenic brain circuitry and induces STAT3 phosphorylation, a hallmark of leptin signaling. Strikingly, endozepines are entirely ineffective at reducing food intake in the presence of a circulating leptin antagonist and in leptin-deficient mice (ob/ob) but potentiate the reduced food intake and weight loss induced by exogenous leptin administration in these animals. Endozepines reversed high fat diet-induced obesity by reducing food intake and restored leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus. Interestingly, we observed that glucose and insulin synergistically enhance tanycytic endozepine expression and release. Finally, endozepines, which induce ERK activation necessary for leptin transport into the brain in cultured tanycytes, require tanycytic leptin receptor expression to promote STAT3 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus. Our data identify endozepines as potential anti-obesity compounds in part through the modulation of the LepR-ERK-dependent tanycytic leptin shuttle.
Published: 2020

2. Heat flux reconstruction by inversion of experimental infrared temperature measurements – Application to the impact of a droplet in the film boiling regime

Author: Jean-François Pierson, Guillaume Castanet, Ophélie Caballina, William Chaze, Fabrice Lemoine, Denis Maillet, Laboratoire Énergies et Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée (LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Materials science, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Mechanical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Thermal conduction, 01 natural sciences, Temperature measurement, Leidenfrost effect, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], 010305 fluids & plasmas, Drop impact, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Boiling point, Heat flux, 0103 physical sciences, Heat transfer, Thermal, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: An Inverse Heat Conduction Problem (IHCP) is considered in order to estimate the transient heat flux extracted from a hot solid surface by an impinging droplet. The resolution of the IHCP is made with the so-called quadrupole method, which provides an analytical expression of the temperature and the heat flux at the front surface of the solid wall, where the drop impact takes place. In the experiments, the thermal response of the front surface is recorded using IR thermography. For that, sapphire is chosen as the material of the solid wall, and the front surface is coated with a thin TiAlN ceramic layer (thickness of 300 nm). The latter is highly emissive and opaque in the IR while sapphire is transparent at the same wavelengths. This feature allows the surface impacted by the droplet to be viewed from the bottom by the IR camera. This approach has been implemented to gain some insights into the heat transfer from the solid surface as well as the formation and growth of the vapor film, which appears under the droplet in the regime of film boiling, when the solid temperature is much higher than the boiling temperature of the liquid. Due to the small thickness of the vapor film, heat conduction is predominant in the vapor layer. Hence, the thickness of the vapor film can be deduced from the value of the reconstructed local heat flux, assuming a linear profile of temperature between the liquid interface of the droplet at the saturation temperature and the solid surface measured by IR thermometry.
Published: 2019

3. A Review of Terminology Used to Describe Soot Formation and Evolution under Combustion and Pyrolytic Conditions

Author: Hai Wang, J. Houston Miller, Brian S. Haynes, Pascale Desgroux, Meredith B. Colket, Per-Erik Bengtsson, Hope A. Michelsen, Andrea D’Anna, Heinz Pitsch, Graham J. Nathan, Department of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l’Atmosphère - UMR 8522 (PC2A), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), Michelsen, H. A., Colket, M. B., Bengtsson, P. -E., D'Anna, A., Desgroux, P., Haynes, B. S., Miller, J. H., Nathan, G. J., Pitsch, H., and Wang, H.
Subjects: Glossary, Computer science, General Physics and Astronomy, Particle, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, medicine.disease_cause, Combustion, 01 natural sciences, Terminology, Aggregation, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Lead (geology), Soot, medicine, Incipient, General Materials Science, Brown carbon, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Confusion, Particulate, Agglomeration, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, General Engineering, Carbonization, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Data science, 0104 chemical sciences, Inception, Nucleation, medicine.symptom, 0210 nano-technology, Nascent
Abstract: This review presents a glossary and review of terminology used to describe the chemical and physical processes involved in soot formation and evolution and is intended to aid in communication within the field and across disciplines. There are large gaps in our understanding of soot formation and evolution and inconsistencies in the language used to describe the associated mechanisms. These inconsistencies lead to confusion within the field and hinder progress in addressing the gaps in our understanding. This review provides a list of definitions of terms and presents a description of their historical usage. It also addresses the inconsistencies in the use of terminology in order to dispel confusion and facilitate the advancement of our understanding of soot chemistry and particle characteristics. The intended audience includes senior and junior members of the soot, black carbon, brown carbon, and carbon black scientific communities, researchers new to the field, and scientists and engineers in associated fields with an interest in carbonaceous material production via hightemperature hydrocarbon chemistry. © 2020 American Chemical Society.
Published: 2020

4. Backward lasing of singly ionized nitrogen ions pumped by femtosecond laser pulses

Author: Zhengquan Fan, André Mysyrowicz, Pengji Ding, Yi Liu, Qingqing Liang, Aurélien Houard, Vladimir Tikhonchuk, Chenhao Kou, Rostyslav Danylo, Xiang Zhang, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Interaction Laser-Matière (ILM), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ELI Beamlines, and European Project
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Nonlinear optics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Plasma, Ultrashort laser, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Ion, law.invention, 010309 optics, Filamentation, law, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, Lasing effect, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Radiant intensity, Lasing threshold, Excitation, Filamentation laser
Abstract: International audience; We report on the observation of backward lasing at 391.4 nm of nitrogen ions pumped by linearly polarized intense femtosecond pulses at 800 nm. The strongly enhanced spectral intensity at 391.4 nm, as well as the amplification of an externally injected backward seeding pulse, confirm that the backward 391.4 nm signal is due to optical amplification in the nitrogen gas plasma. Compared to the forward emission at 391.4 nm, the optimal backward emission is achieved at a lower gas pressure around 10 mbar, which is due to asymmetry of the backward and forward directions rooted in the traveling excitation geometry. Comparison of the signals in pure nitrogen and air revealed a strong quenching effect of the oxygen molecules, preventing backward lasing action in ambient air.
Published: 2020

5. National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio : a pooled analysis of 458 population-based studies in Asian and Western countries

Author: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), [missing], Taddei, Cristina, Jackson, Rod, Zhou, Bin, Bixby, Honor, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Hajifathalian, Kaveh, Bentham, James, Bennett, James E, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Cifkova, Renata, Dallongeville, Jean, DeBacquer, Dirk, Giampaoli, Simona, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Khang, Young-Ho, Laatikainen, Tiina, Mann, JimI, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mensah, George A, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Petkeviciene, Janina, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Servais, Jennifer, Söderberg, Stefan, Stavreski, Bill, Wilsgaard, Tom, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Zhao, Dong, Stevens, Gretchen A, Savin, Stefan, Cowan, Melanie J, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Adams, Robert J, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Ariansen, Inger, Arveiler, Dominique, Aspelund, Thor, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicová, Mária, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Bata, Iqbal, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bi, Yufang, Bienek, Asako, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bo, Simona, Boehm, Bernhard O, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Borchini, Rossana, Borghs, Herman, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Bruno, Graziella, Busch, Markus A, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Capuano, Vincenzo, Casanueva, Felipe F, Casas, Juan-Pablo, Caserta, Carmelo A, Censi, Laura, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Shuohua, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Cho, Yumi, Chudek, Jerzy, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cooper, Cyrus, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cui, Liufu, D'Arrigo, Graziella, Dauchet, Luc, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Smedt, Delphine, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, DiCastelnuovo, Augusto, Dobson, Annette J, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Döring, Angela, Drygas, Wojciech, Du, Yong, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eggertsen, Robert, Ekelund, Ulf, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksson, Johan G, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrieres, Jean, Finn, Joseph D, Forslund, Ann-Sofie, Forsner, Maria, Frontera, Guillermo, Fujita, Yuki, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garnett, Sarah P, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gates, Louise, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gill, Tiffany K, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Goltzman, David, GonzalezGross, Marcela, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Gregor, Ronald D, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Grabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guallar-Castillón, Pilar, Gudmundsson, Elias F, Guessous, Idris, Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gutzwiller, Felix, Hardy, Rebecca, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J, He, Jiang, He, Yuna, Herrala, Sauli, TapaniHihtaniemi, Ilpo, Hobbs, Michael, Hopman, Wilma M, MaríaHuerta, José, Huybrechts, Inge, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G, Ikeda, Nayu, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jennings, Garry, Jeong, Seung-lyeal, QiangJiang, Chao, Joffres, Michel, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kajantie, Eero O, Kauhanen, Jussi, Keil, Ulrich, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kersting, Mathilde, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Jeongseon, Kim, Yeon-Yong, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Ko, Stephanie, Kolle, Elin, Korpelainen, Raija, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Krokstad, Steinar, Kujala, Urho M, Kurjata, Pawel, HingLam, Tai, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Laugsand, Lars E, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lissner, Lauren, Liu, Jing, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lorbeer, Roberto, EugenioLozano, José, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lytsy, Per, Ma, Guansheng, Machi, Suka, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Manzato, Enzo, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M, McLean, Scott B, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Metcalf, Patricia, Mi, Jie, Miller, Jody C, Moreno, Luis A, Morin, Suzanne, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Muiesan, Maria L, Mursu, Jaakko, Nakamura, Harunobu, Námešná, Jana, Nauck, Matthias, MariaNavarrete-Muñoz, Eva, Neal, William A, Nenko, Ilona, Niiranen, Teemu J, Ning, Guang, Noale, Marianna, Norie, Sawada, Noto, Davide, O'Neill, Terence, O'Reilly, Dermot, Oh, Kyungwon, Olafsson, Örn, MichelPaccaud, Fred, Pajak, Andrzej, Palmieri, Luigi, Panza, Francesco, Parnell, Winsome R, Peltonen, Markku, Peters, Annette, Petersmann, Astrid, Pigeot, Iris, Pilotto, Lorenza, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Porta, Miquel, Price, Jacqueline F, Puder, Jardena J, Puhakka, Soile E, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Raitakari, Olli, Ramos, Rafel, Redon, Josep, Rigo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, MaríadelCristo, Romaguera, Dora, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel G R, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Rutkowski, Marcin, Salanave, Benoit, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Sans, Susana, Saramies, Jouko L, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Scheidt-Nave, Christa, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schöttker, Ben, Sebert, Sylvain, Sen, Abhijit, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shibuya, Kenji, WookShin, Dong, Shiri, Rahman, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöström, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Sonestedt, Emily, Soumare, Aicha, Staessen, Jan A, Stathopoulou, Maria G, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Sundström, Johan, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, JooTan, Eng, Taylor, Anne, Tell, Grethe, Thijs, Lutgarde, Tolonen, HannaK, Topór-Madry, Roman, JoséTormo, María, Torrent, Maties, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tzourio, Christophe, Uusitalo, Hannu M T, Van Herck, Koen, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Vatten, Lars, Vega, Tomas, Veronesi, Giovanni, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, JyrkiK, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Sari, Vrijheid, Martine, Wagner, Aline, Wagner, Anne, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Qian, XingWang, Ya, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wei, Wenbin, Whincup, Peter H, Wiecek, Andrzej, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong, Andrew, Woodward, Mark, GiwercmanWu, Aleksander, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Shouling, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yan, Weili, Yang, Xiaoguang, Ye, Xingwang, Yoshihara, Akihiro, Zambon, Sabina, Zhao, Wenhua, Imperial College London, University of Auckland [Auckland], Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Middlesex University, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], University of Kent [Canterbury], Mahidol University [Bangkok], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Icelandic Heart Association [Kopavogur, Iceland] (IHA), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Umeå University, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Medical University of Gdańsk, Capital University of Medical Sciences [Beijing] (CUMS), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), University of Adelaide, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement - U 1167 (RID-AGE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Norwegian School of Sport Sciences = Norges idrettshøgskole [Oslo] (NIH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), University of Iceland [Reykjavik], University of Oulu, Regional Authority of Public Health [Slovaquia] (RAPH), Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic [Slovaquia], Medical University of Łódź (MUL), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Dalhousie University [Halifax], The University of Sydney, Public Health Agency of Canada, University of Gothenburg (GU), University of Turin, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Faculté de Médecine [Rangueil], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Silesia in Katowice, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Southampton, Biomolécules et inflammation pulmonaire, Service d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], University of Queensland [Brisbane], IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Manchester [Manchester], Kindai University, Medical University of Warsaw - Poland, Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bergen (UiB), Tulane University, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Oulu University Hospital [Oulu], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Niigata University, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), University of Eastern Finland, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Universitätsklinikum Ulm - University Hospital of Ulm, University of Jyväskylä (JYU), The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere [Finland], West Virginia University [Morgantown], University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Peking University [Shenzhen], The Jikei University School of Medicine, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AUSTRALIA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Edinburgh, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology [Warsaw] (IIMCB), Università degli Studi di Brescia [Brescia], Konan University [Kobe, Japan], University of Turku, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London-School of public health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Department of Emergency and Cardiovascular Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Epidemiology, Health Economics and Public Health, UMR 558 INSERM, Université de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Unité de Surveillance et d'Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (USEN), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain, parent, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Institute for plasma research, Institute for Plasma Research, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Applied Food Science, Department of Medical Sciences and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology [Louvain, Belgique], Studies Coordinating Centre [Louvain, Belgique], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), National Cancer Center, University of Kuopio, Epidémiologie cardiovasculaire et métabolique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Tampere University, Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández [Elche] (UMH), Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Epidemiologia Ambiental, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL)-Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) of Pamplona-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Medical University of Silesia (SUM), University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Hygiene Warsaw, The Georges Institute for International Health, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A), UAM. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología, HUS Children and Adolescents, Department of Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Taddei, C, Zhou, B, Bixby, H, Danaei, G, Di Cesare, M, Kuulasmaa, K, Hajifathalian, K, Bentham, J, Bennett, JE, Aekplakorn, W, Cifkova, R, Dallongeville, J, DeBacquer, D, Giampaoli, S, Gudnason, V, Khang, Y-O, Laatikainen, T, Mann, JI, Marques-Vidal, P, Mensah, GA, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Ninomiya, T, Petkeviciene, J, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F, Servais, J, Söderberg, S, Stavreski, B, Wilsgaard, T, Zdrojewski, T, Zhao, D, Stevens, GA, Savin, S, Cowan, Mj, Riley, LM, Ezzati, M, Adams, R, Ahrens, W, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Anderssen, SA, Ariansen, I, Arveiler, D, Aspelund, T, Auvinen, A, Avdicová, M, Banach, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas. JR, Barbagallo, CM, Bata, I, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Bennet, JE, Bernotiene, G, Bi, Y, Bienek, A, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Boehm, BO, Bonaccio, M, Bongard, V, Borchini, R, Borghs, H, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Bruno, G, Busch, MA, CabreradeLeón, A, Capuano, V, Casanueva, FF, Casas, J-P, Caserta, CA, Censi, L, Chen, F, Chen, S, Chirlaque, M-D, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Claessens, F, Clarke, J, Clays, E, Cooper, C, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell C, Crujeiras, AB, Cui, L, D'Arrigo, G, Dauchet, L, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, De Smedt, D, Dennison, E, Desschamps, V, Di Castelnuovo, A, Dobson, AJ, Donfrancesco, C, Döring, A, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Du, Y, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Eggertsen, R, Ekelund, U, Elousa, R, Eriksson, JG, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrari, M, Ferrieres, J, Finn, JD, Forslund, A-S, Forsner, M, Frontera, G, Fujita, Y, Gaciong, Z, Galvano, F, Gao, J, Garcia-de-la-Hera, M, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasul, L, Gates, L, Gianfagna, F, Gill, TK, Giovannelli, J, Goltzman, D, GonzalezGross, M, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grosso, G, Gruden, G, Gu, D, Guallar-Castillón, P, Gudmundsson, EF, Guessous, I, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gutzwiller, F, Hardy, R, Hata, J, Haugsgjerd, T, Hayes, AJ, He, H, He, Y, Herrala, S, Hihtaniemi, IP, Hobbs, M, Hopman, WM, Huerta, JM, Huybrechts, I, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ikeda, N, Iwasaki, M, Jackson, R, Jamrozi, K, Janszky, I, Jarvelin, M-R, Jasienska, G, Jennings, G, Jeong, S-L, Jiang, CQ, Joffres, M, Jokelainen, JJ, Jonas, JB, Jóźwiak, J, Kajantie, EO, Kauhanen, K, Keil, U, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kersting, M, Khang, Y-H, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U, Kiechl, S, Kim, J, Kim, Y-Y, Klumbiene, J, Knoflach, M, Ko, S, Kolle, E, Korpelainen, R, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Kratzer, W, Kriemler, S, Krokstad, S, Kujala,UM, Kurjata, P, Lam, TH, Lanska, V, Lappas , G, Laugsand, LE, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Li, Y, Lilly, C, Lin, X, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, J, Lopez-Garcia, E, Lorbeer, R, Lozano, JE, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lundqvist, R, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Manzato, E, Mathiesen, EB, McLachlan, S, McLean, RM, Meirhaeghe, A, Metcalf, P, Mi, JM, Miller, JC, Moreno, LA, Morin, S, Mossakowska, M, Muiesan, ML, Mursu, J, Nakamura, H, Námešná, J, Navarrete-Muñoz, EM, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Niiranen, T, Ning, G, Noale, M, Norie, S, Noto, Davide, O’Neill, T, O'Reilly, D, Oh, K, Olafsson, O, Paccaud, F, Pajak, A, Palmieri, L, Panza, F, Parnell, WR, Peltonen, M, Peters, A, Petersmann, A, P Pigeot, I, Pilotto, L, Piwonska, A, Pedro Plans-Rubió, P, Porta, M, Price, JF, Puder, JJ, Puhakka, SE, Radisauskas, R, Raitakari, O, Ramos, R, Redon, J, Rigo, F, Rodriguez-Perez, MdC, Romaguera, D, Ronkainen, K, Rosengren, A, Roy, JGR, Ruidavets, JB, Rutkowski, M, Salanave, B, Salmeron, D, Salomaa, V, Salonen, JT, Salvetti, M, Sans, S, Saramies, JL, Saum, K-U, Scheidt-Nave, C, Schienkiewitz, A, Schipf, S, Schmidt, CO, Schottker, B, Sebert S, Sen, A, Shaw, JE, Shibuya, K, Shin, DO, Shiri, R, Simons, J, Simons, LA, Sjostrom, M, Slowikowska-Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soumare, A, Staessen, JA, Stathopoulou, MG, Steene-Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stieber, J, Stöckl, D, Stokwiszewski, J, Sundström, J, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Tamosiunas, A, Tan, E, Taylor, A, Tell, G, Thijs, L, Tolonen, HK, Topór-Madry, R, Tormo, MJ, Torrent, M, Tsugane, S, Tuomainen, T-P, Tuomilehto, J, Tzourio, C, Uusitalo, HMT, Van Herck, K, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vatten, L, Vega, T, Veronesi, G, Vioque, P, Virtanen, JK, Visvikis-Siest, S, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, Vrijheid, M, Wagner, A, Wang, M-D, Wang, Q, Wang YX, Wannamethee, SG, Wei, W, Whincup, PH, Wiecek, A, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, A, Woodward, M, Wu, FC, JianFeng Wu, JF, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Xu, L, Yan, W, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yoshihara, A, Zambon, S, Zhao, W, NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Jackson, R., Zhou, B., Bixby, H., Danaei, G., Di Cesare, M., Kuulasmaa, K., Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Bennett, J.E., Aekplakorn, W., Cifkova, R., Dallongeville, J., DeBacquer, D., Giampaoli, S., Gudnason, V., Khang, Y.H., Laatikainen, T., Mann, J., Marques-Vidal, P., Mensah, G.A., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Ninomiya, T., Petkeviciene, J., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Servais, J., Söderberg, S., Stavreski, B., Wilsgaard, T., Zdrojewski, T., Zhao, D., Stevens, G.A., Savin, S., Cowan, M.J., Riley, L.M., Ezzati, M., Adams, R.J., Ahrens, W., Amouyel, P., Amuzu, A., Anderssen, S.A., Ariansen, I., Arveiler, D., Aspelund, T., Auvinen, J., Avdicová, M., Banach, M., Bandosz, P., Banegas, J.R., Barbagallo, C.M., Bata, I., Baur, L.A., Beaglehole, R., Bernotiene, G., Bi, Y., Bienek, A., Björkelund, C., Bo, S., Boehm, B.O., Bonaccio, M., Bongard, V., Borchini, R., Borghs, H., Breckenkamp, J., Brenner, H., Bruno, G., Busch, M.A., Cabrera de León, A., Capuano, V., Casanueva, F.F., Casas, J.P., Caserta, C.A., Censi, L., Chen, F., Chen, S., Chirlaque, M.D., Cho, B., Cho, Y., Chudek, J., Claessens, F., Clarke, J., Clays, E., Cooper, C., Costanzo, S., Cottel, D., Cowell, C., Crujeiras, A.B., Cui, L., D'Arrigo, G., Dauchet, L., De Backer, G., De Bacquer, D., de Gaetano, G., De Henauw, S., De Smedt, D., Dennison, E., Deschamps, V., DiCastelnuovo, A., Dobson, A.J., Donfrancesco, C., Döring, A., Drygas, W., Du, Y., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E., Eggertsen, R., Ekelund, U., Elosua, R., Eriksson, J.G., Evans, A., Faeh, D., Felix-Redondo, F.J., Fernández-Bergés, D., Ferrari, M., Ferrieres, J., Finn, J.D., Forslund, A.S., Forsner, M., Frontera, G., Fujita, Y., Gaciong, Z., Galvano, F., Gao, J., Garcia-de-la-Hera, M., Garnett, S.P., Gaspoz, J.M., Gasull, M., Gates, L., Gianfagna, F., Gill, T.K., Giovannelli, J., Goltzman, D., GonzalezGross, M., Gottrand, F., Graff-Iversen, S., Grafnetter, D., Gregor, R.D., Grodzicki, T., Grosso, G., Gruden, G., Gu, D., Guallar-Castillón, P., Gudmundsson, E.F., Guessous, I., Gunnlaugsdottir, J., Gutzwiller, F., Hardy, R., Hata, J., Haugsgjerd, T., Hayes, A.J., He, J., He, Y., Herrala, S., TapaniHihtaniemi, I., Hobbs, M., Hopman, W.M., MaríaHuerta, J., Huybrechts, I., Iacoviello, L., Iannone, A.G., Ikeda, N., Iwasaki, M., Jamrozik, K., Janszky, I., Jarvelin, M.R., Jasienska, G., Jennings, G., Jeong, S.L., QiangJiang, C., Joffres, M., Jokelainen, J.J., Jonas, J.B., Jóźwiak, J., Kajantie, E.O., Kauhanen, J., Keil, U., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Kersting, M., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U., Kiechl, S., Kim, J., Kim, Y.Y., Klumbiene, J., Knoflach, M., Ko, S., Kolle, E., Korpelainen, R., Koskinen, S., Kouda, K., Kratzer, W., Kriemler, S., Krokstad, S., Kujala, U.M., Kurjata, P., HingLam, T., Lanska, V., Lappas, G., Laugsand, L.E., Lee, J., Lehtimäki, T., Li, Y., Lilly, C.L., Lin, X., Lind, L., Lissner, L., Liu, J., Lopez-Garcia, E., Lorbeer, R., EugenioLozano, J., Luksiene, D., Lundqvist, A., Lundqvist, R., Lytsy, P., Ma, G., Machi, S., Maggi, S., Magliano, D.J., Manzato, E., Mathiesen, E.B., McLachlan, S., McLean, R.M., McLean, S.B., Meirhaeghe, A., Meisinger, C., Metcalf, P., Mi, J., Miller, J.C., Moreno, L.A., Morin, S., Mossakowska, M., Muiesan, M.L., Mursu, J., Nakamura, H., Námešná, J., Nauck, M., MariaNavarrete-Muñoz, E., Neal, W.A., Nenko, I., Niiranen, T.J., Ning, G., Noale, M., Norie, S., Noto, D., O'Neill, T., O'Reilly, D., Oh, K., Olafsson, Ö., MichelPaccaud, F., Pajak, A., Palmieri, L., Panza, F., Parnell, W.R., Peltonen, M., Peters, A., Petersmann, A., Pigeot, I., Pilotto, L., Piwonska, A., Plans-Rubió, P., Porta, M., Price, J.F., Puder, J.J., Puhakka, S.E., Radisauskas, R., Raitakari, O., Ramos, R., Redon, J., Rigo, F., Rodriguez-Perez, M., Romaguera, D., Ronkainen, K., Rosengren, A., Ruidavets, J.B., Rutkowski, M., Salanave, B., Salmerón, D., Salomaa, V., Salonen, J.T., Salvetti, M., Sans, S., Saramies, J.L., Saum, K.U., Scheidt-Nave, C., Schienkiewitz, A., Schipf, S., Schmidt, C.O., Schöttker, B., Sebert, S., Sen, A., Shaw, J.E., Shibuya, K., WookShin, D., Shiri, R., Simons, J., Simons, L.A., Sjöström, M., Slowikowska-Hilczer, J., Slusarczyk, P., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Soumare, A., Staessen, J.A., Stathopoulou, M.G., Steene-Johannessen, J., Stehle, P., Stieber, J., Stöckl, D., Stokwiszewski, J., Sundström, J., Suriyawongpaisal, P., Tamosiunas, A., JooTan, E., Taylor, A., Tell, G., Thijs, L., Tolonen, H., Topór-Madry, R., JoséTormo, M., Torrent, M., Tsugane, S., Tuomainen, T.P., Tuomilehto, J., Tzourio, C., Van Herck, K., Vanderschueren, D., Vanuzzo, D., Vatten, L., Vega, T., Veronesi, G., Vioque, J., Virtanen, J., Visvikis-Siest, S., Vollenweider, P., Voutilainen, S., Vrijheid, M., Wagner, A., Wang, M.D., Wang, Q., XingWang, Y., Wannamethee, S.G., Wei, W., Whincup, P.H., Wiecek, A., Willeit, J., Willeit, P., Wojtyniak, B., Wong, A., Woodward, M., GiwercmanWu, A., Wu, F.C., Wu, S., Xu, H., Xu, L., Yan, W., Yang, X., Ye, X., Yoshihara, A., Zambon, S., Zhao, W., Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Kyushu University, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Brescia = University of Brescia (UniBs), Service Epidémiologie clinique et santé publique [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene [Poland], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, University of Helsinki, National Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, and University of Helsinki, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
Subjects: Male, gupo de ascendencia continental asiática, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Total Cholesterol, Ldl Cholesterol, Hdl Cholesterol, Blood Lipids, Multi-country Study, Epidemiology, kolesteroli, humanos, Blood lipids, BLOOD-PRESSURE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, triglicéridos, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, High-density lipoprotein, HDL cholesterol, Medicine and Health Sciences, CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, mediana edad, lípidos, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, 2. Zero hunger, anciano, education.field_of_study, Age Factors, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Middle Aged, colesterol, adulto, kansainvälinen vertailu, Lipids, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, Europe, Cholesterol, Population Surveillance, LDL cholesterol, SERUM-LIPIDS, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Canada, Total cholesterol, blood lipids, multi-country study, medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, Medicina, European Continental Ancestry Group, Population, Nursing, HDL-kolesteroli, White People, DIETARY-FAT, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Asian People, kansanterveys, vigilancia de la población, Humans, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, ddc:610, LDL-kolesteroli, education, Triglycerides, METAANALYSIS, Aged, INDIVIDUAL DATA, Science & Technology, business.industry, Omvårdnad, blood lipid, Cholesterol, HDL, Ecological study, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Cholesterol, LDL, United States, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Cholesterol/blood, Lipids/blood, Population Surveillance/methods, Triglycerides/blood, chemistry, WORLDWIDE TRENDS, Multi-country study, grupo de ascendencia continental europea, business, HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Demography, Lipoprotein
Abstract: Artículo con numerosos autores. Sólo quedan reflejados el primero, los pertenecientes a la UAM y el colectivo, Background: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results: Since ∼1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at ∼0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as ∼0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to ∼26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions: HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol., This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z). R.C. acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A)
Published: 2020

6. Raman spectroscopy of mini-CAST soot with various fractions of organic compounds: Structural characterization during heating treatment from 25 °C to 1000 °C

Author: Sandra Tӧrӧk, Van Thai Pham, Per-Erik Bengtsson, Kim Cuong Le, Jonatan Henriksson, Thomas Pino, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: Materials science, Photoluminescence, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Thermal treatment, medicine.disease_cause, complex mixtures, Physical Chemistry, symbols.namesake, 020401 chemical engineering, Soot, Vaporization, Organic compounds, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, 0204 chemical engineering, Inert gas, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Inert, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Fuel Technology, 13. Climate action, Raman spectroscopy, symbols, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Volatility (chemistry)
Abstract: Soot particles undergo considerable changes in composition, morphology, as well as in internal structure during formation from the incipient particles to more mature aggregates, and still there is a lack of understanding of these mechanisms. In this study, soot produced by a mini-CAST soot generator was probed using Raman spectroscopy with focus on soot with large variation in size and fraction of organic compounds. The volatility of organic compounds and changes in internal bonding structures of the soot was surveyed by heating the samples from room temperature up to 1000 °C in a flow of inert N2 gas. The soot rich in organics showed more complex Raman spectra and stronger photoluminescence background. In particular, Raman signatures interpreted as the C H “out-of-plane” mode, ethers C O C, and carbonyl C O groups were observed. During the heating treatment, these signatures disappeared, which was related to vaporization of the organics. Moreover, an enhancement of Raman band intensity of mature soot during heating treatment was observed for the first time. Our study thus brings new information on structural and compositional changes for soot during heating treatment in an inert atmosphere.
Published: 2019

7. P-Tevolution of Precambrian eclogite in the Sveconorwegian orogen, SW Sweden

Author: Pavel Pitra, Charlotte Möller, Lorraine Tual, Department of geology, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 61-1420/2010, Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, 20110817, Crafoordska Stiftelsen, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Continental crust, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Geochemistry, Geology, 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Kyanite, Matrix (geology), Nappe, Precambrian, Tectonics, Geochemistry and Petrology, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Baltica, Eclogite, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Conditions of the prograde, peak-pressure and part of the decompressional P–T path of two Precambrian eclogites in the eastern Sveconorwegian orogen have been determined using the pseudosection approach. Cores of garnet from a Fe-Ti-rich eclogite sample record a first prograde and syn-deformational stage along a Barrovian geothermal gradient from ~670 °C and 7 kbar to 710 °C and 8.5 kbar. Garnet rims grew during further burial to 16.5-19 kbar at ~850-900 °C, along a steep dP/dT gradient. The pseudosection model of a kyanite-bearing eclogite sample of more magnesian bulk composition confirms the peak conditions. Matrix reequilibration associated with subsequent near-isothermal decompression and partial exhumation produced plagioclase-bearing symplectites replacing kyanite and clinopyroxene and is estimated at 850-870 °C and 10-11 kbar. The validity of the pseudosections is discussed in detail. It is shown that in pseudosection modelling the fractionation of FeO in accessory sulphides may cause a significant shift of field boundaries (here displaced by up to 1.5 kbar and 70 °C) and must not be neglected. Fast burial, exhumation and subsequent cooling are supported by the steepness of both the prograde and the decompressional P–T paths as well as the preservation of garnet growth zoning and the symplectitic reaction textures. These features are compatible with deep tectonic burial of the eclogite-bearing continental crust as part of the underthrusting plate (Eastern Segment, continent Baltica) in a collisional setting that led to an effectively doubled crustal thickness and subsequent exhumation of the eclogites through tectonic extrusion. Our results are in accordance with regional structural and petrological relationships, which demonstrate foreland-vergent partial exhumation of the eclogite-bearing nappe along a basal thrust zone and support a major collisional stage at c. 1 Ga. We argue that the similarities between Sveconorwegian and Himalayan eclogite occurrences emphasize the modern style of Grenvillian-aged tectonics.
Published: 2017

8. Farm establishment, abandonment and agricultural practices during the last 1,300 years: a case study from southern Sweden based on pollen records and the LOVE model

Author: Anna Broström, Florence Mazier, Erik Daniel Fredh, Per Lagerås, Matts Lindbladh, Leif Björkman, Swedish National Heritage Board, Swedish National Heritage Board-Swedish National Heritage Board, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Climate change, Plant Science, Woodland, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural land, Pollen, medicine, 0601 history and archaeology, Charcoal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060102 archaeology, business.industry, Abandonment (legal), Paleontology, 06 humanities and the arts, Vegetation, Geography, Agriculture, visual_art, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Physical geography, business
Abstract: The aim of the study was to identify changes in agricultural practices and periods of agricultural expansion and regression during the last 1,300 years in the South-Swedish Uplands. Sediments from the small lake of Skarpingsgolen (1.2 ha) were used to quantify land-cover at a local scale (c. 1 km radius) in 50-year intervals based on pollen analysis and the LOVE model (Local Vegetation Estimates). The results showed a dramatic change in land-cover, starting c. ad 1150, from a grazed, deciduous woodland, dominated by Corylus, Betula and Quercus, to a semi-open landscape dominated by Picea and open agricultural land. A hamlet, situated next to the lake, was probably established during the 12th century, abandoned during the late medieval crisis (late 14th century) and re-colonized during the 16th century. High values of Cannabis-type pollen (up to 10% of the pollen sum) suggest that hemp retting was carried out in the lake from the 13th to the 17th centuries, while elevated levels of microscopic charcoal indicate that slash-and-burn cultivation was practiced during the early 14th and the 16th–18th centuries. The LRA-based estimates of vegetation show that the modern landscape, dominated by managed coniferous woodlands, is very different from the landscape only 50–100 years ago. This type of study is useful for comparisons with historical and archaeological records, and provides sufficient temporal and spatial resolution to identify short-lived abandonments and shifts in agricultural practices.
Published: 2019

9. Advantages and disadvantages of the use of the CSF Amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40 ratio in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Author: Markus Otto, Henrik Zetterberg, Piotr Lewczuk, Oskar Hansson, Sylvain Lehmann, Clinical Memory Research Unit [Malmö, Suède], Department of Clinical Sciences [Malmö, Suède], Lund University [Malmö, Suède]-Lund University [Malmö, Suède], Memory Clinic [Malmö, Suède], Skåne University Hospital [Malmö, Suède], Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Neurology [Ulm, Allemagne], Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory [Göteborg, Suède], Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry [Goteborg], Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology [Göteborg]-Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg]-Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology [Göteborg]-Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Department of Neurodegenerative Disease [Londres, Royaume-Uni], Institute of Neurology [London], University College of London [London] (UCL)-University College of London [London] (UCL), UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI), University College of London [London] (UCL), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy [Erlangen, Allemagne], Universitätsklinikum Erlangen [Erlangen, Allemagne], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)-Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics [Bialystok, Pologne], Medical University of Bialystok [Bialystok, Pologne], Lab for Clinical Neurochemistry and Neurochemical Dementia Diagnostics [Erlangen, Allemagne], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)-Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)-Universitätsklinikum Erlangen [Erlangen, Allemagne], Fujirebio Europe sponsored this paper, however, it had no influence on its factual content. PL was supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under EMIF grant agreement n° 115372, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) and EFPIA companies’ in kind contribution. OH has acquired research support (for the institution) from Roche, GE Healthcare, Biogen, AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, Fujirebio and Euroimmun. HZ’s research is supported by the Swedish Research Council, the European Research Council, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Olav Thon Foundation, the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL and Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG)., Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Medical University of Białystok (MUB), and Bodescot, Myriam
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Amyloid β, Cognitive Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Diagnostic accuracy, Disease, Review, Aβ 42/40 ratio, Alzheimer's Disease, lcsh:RC346-429, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, Medizinische Fakultät, Alzheimer Disease, Internal medicine, medicine, Dementia, Humans, ddc:610, Alzheimer’s Disease, Cognitive impairment, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Biochemical markers, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Amyloid beta-Peptides, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, business.industry, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, medicine.disease, Peptide Fragments, 030104 developmental biology, Aβ42/40 ratio, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Amyloidβ Peptides, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical markers (biomarkers) Amyloidβ 42 (Aβ42), total Tau (T-tau) and Tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau181) have proven diagnostic accuracy for mild cognitive impairment and dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In an effort to improve the accuracy of an AD diagnosis, it is important to be able to distinguish between AD and other types of dementia (non-AD). The concentration ratio of Aβ42 to Aβ40 (Aβ42/40 Ratio) has been suggested to be superior to the concentration of Aβ42 alone when identifying patients with AD. This article reviews the available evidence on the use of the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio in the diagnosis of AD. Based on the body of evidence presented herein, it is the conclusion of the current working group that the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio, rather than the absolute value of CSF Aβ42, should be used when analysing CSF AD biomarkers to improve the percentage of appropriately diagnosed patients.
Published: 2019

10. Direct observation of aliphatic structures in soot particles produced in low-pressure premixed ethylene flames via online Raman spectroscopy

Author: Thomas Pino, Kim Cuong Le, Christophe Lefumeux, Per-Erik Bengtsson, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: Ethylene, Materials science, Nanostructure, General Chemical Engineering, Nucleation, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, Phase (matter), medicine, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mechanical Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Soot, 0104 chemical sciences, Aerosol, chemistry, 13. Climate action, symbols, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy, Carbon
Abstract: Raman spectra of soot particles were monitored in the gaseous flow extracted from the burning regions of two low-pressure premixed ethylene flames, for the first time. The flame conditions were chosen to explore the diversity of soot nanostructure in slightly sooting flames. Evaluation of the Raman spectral parameters revealed that the soot particles exhibited a strongly disordered structure and a large proportion of sp hybridization of the carbon. The appearance of sp carbon chains composing up to 30% of the total carbon content as well as an olefinic component may indicate their important role in soot nucleation and growth in low pressure ethylene flames. Hence, Raman spectroscopy of soot particles in the aerosol phase revealed that accretion and cyclization of the aliphatic carbon including sp carbon chains could thus be of importance for the initial soot growth and require more investigation.
Published: 2019

11. Raman spectroscopy of Mini-CAST soot with various fractions of organic compounds: structural characterization during heating treatment from 25 o C to 1000 o C

Author: Cuong Le, Kim, PINO, THOMAS, Pham, Van, Henriksson, Jonatan, Tӧrӧk, Sandra, Bengtsson, Erik, Pino, Thomas, Department of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], Raman spectroscopy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], complex mixtures, soot, organic compounds, thermal treatment, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Soot particles undergo considerable changes in composition, morphology, as well as in internal structure during formation from the incipient particles to more mature aggregates, and still there is a lack of understanding of these mechanisms. In this study, soot produced by a mini-CAST soot generator was probed using Raman spectroscopy with focus on soot with large variation in size and fraction of organic compounds. The volatility of organic compounds and changes in internal bonding structures of the soot was surveyed by heating the samples from room temperature up to 1000 o C in a flow of inert N2 gas. The soot rich in organics showed more complex Raman spectra and stronger photoluminescence background. In particular, Raman signatures interpreted as the C-H "out-of-plane" mode, ethers CO -C, and carbonyl C=O groups were observed. During the heating treatment, these signatures disappeared, which was related to vaporization of the organics. Moreover, an enhancement of Raman band intensity of mature soot during heating treatment was observed for the first time. Our study thus brings new information on structural and compositional changes for soot during heating treatment in an inert atmosphere.
Published: 2019

12. MicroRNAs Are Involved in the Hypothalamic Leptin Sensitivity

Author: Derghal, Adel, Djelloul, Mehdi, Azzarelli, Myriam, Degonon, Sébastien, Tourniaire, Franck, Landrier, Jean-Francois, Mounien, Lourdes, Physiologie et physiopathologie du système nerveux somato-moteur et neurovégétatif (PPSN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Cell Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PACA, CG13, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN)
Subjects: endocrine system, nervous system, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], digestive, oral, and skin physiology, pro - opiomelanocortin, brown adipose tissue, hypothalamus, DICER, leptin, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, micro RNA
Abstract: International audience; The central nervous system monitors modifications in metabolic parameters or hormone levels (leptin) and elicits adaptive responses such as food intake and glucose homeostasis regulation. Particularly, within the hypothalamus, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are crucial regulators of energy balance. Consistent with a pivotal role of the melanocortin system in the control of energy homeostasis, disruption of the Pomcgene causes hyperphagia and obesity. Pomcgene expression is tightly controlled by different mechanisms. Interestingly, recent studies pointed to a key role for microribonucleic acid (miRNAs) in the regulation of gene expression. However, the role of miRNAs in the leptin sensitivity in hypothalamic melanocortin system has never been assessed. We developed a transgenic mouse model (PDKO) with a partial deletion of the miRNA processing enzyme DICER specifically in POMC neurons. PDKO mice exhibited a normal body weight but a decrease of food intake. Interestingly, PDKO mice had decreased metabolic rate by reduction of VO2 consumption and CO2 production which could explain that PDKO mice have normal weight while eating less. Interestingly, we observed an increase of leptin sensitivity in the POMC neurons of PDKO mice which could explain the decrease of food intake in this model. We also observed an increase in the expression of genes involved in the function of brown adipose tissue that is in polysynaptic contact with the POMC neurons. In summary, these results support the hypothesis that Dicer-derived miRNAs may be involved in the effect of leptin on POMC neurons activity.
Published: 2018

13. Mesures LIF résolues dans le temps du champ de température à l'intérieur d'une goutte au cours de l'impact sur une paroi chaude

Author: Romain Collignon, William Chaze, Ophélie Caballina, Guillaume Castanet, Fabrice Lemoine, CABALLINA, Ophélie, Laboratoire Énergies et Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée (LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEFL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.FLUID] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

14. Coulomb explosion imaging of CH3I and CH2CII photodissociation dynamics

Author: Barbara Cunha de Miranda, Per Johnsson, Romain Géneaux, Stuart R. Mackenzie, I. Ismail, Hansjochen Köckert, David M. P. Holland, Dimitrios Rompotis, Marie Géléoc, Jérôme Palaudoux, Loic Journel, Jonathan G. Underwood, Farzaneh Ziaee, Jan Lahl, Robert Mason, Kasra Amini, Mark Brouard, Gildas Goldsztejn, Artem Rudenko, Stefan Düsterer, Sylvain Maclot, Maria Novella Piancastelli, Arnaud Rouzée, Thierry Ruchon, Daniel Rolles, Michael Burt, Jongmin Lee, Rebecca Boll, Oksana Travnikova, Andrey S. Mereshchenko, Joss Wiese, Sebastian Trippel, Marc Simon, Francis Penent, Felix Allum, Felix Brauße, Bastian Manschwetus, Simone Techert, Evgeny Savelyev, Tatiana Marchenko, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Renaud Guillemin, Nora Schirmel, Cédric Bomme, Benjamin Erk, Alexander S. Gentleman, Claire Vallance, Pavel K. Olshin, Sadia Bari, Jochen Küpper, University of Oxford, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPSPU), KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics (KVI), University of Groningen [Groningen], Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (MBI), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Attophysique (ATTO), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbiology Laboratory, Middlemore Hospital, Laboratoire des collisions atomiques et moléculaires (LCAM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kansas State University, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCL London], University College of London [London] (UCL), Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), ANR-16-CE30-0001,ATTOMEMUCHO,Dynamique électronique attoseconde dans les molécules organiques isolées par la spectroscopie 'core-hole clock'(2016), University of Oxford [Oxford], Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics, Imaging spectrometer, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Physical Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Mass spectrometry imaging, Ion, 0103 physical sciences, Molecule, ddc:530, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fysikalisk kemi, Physics, Coupling, Range (particle radiation), Photodissociation, Coulomb explosion, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 3. Good health, Atom- och molekylfysik och optik, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The journal of chemical physics 149(20), 204313 (2018). doi:10.1063/1.5041381, The photodissociation dynamics of CH$_3$I and CH$_2$ClI at 272 nm were investigated by time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging, with an intense non-resonant 815 nm probe pulse. Fragment ion momenta over a wide m/z range were recorded simultaneously by coupling a velocity map imaging spectrometer with a pixel imaging mass spectrometry camera. For both molecules, delay-dependent pump-probe features were assigned to ultraviolet-induced carbon-iodine bond cleavage followed by Coulomb explosion. Multi-mass imaging also allowed the sequential cleavage of both carbon-halogen bonds in CH$_2$ClI to be investigated. Furthermore, delay-dependent relative fragment momenta of a pair of ions were directly determined using recoil-frame covariance analysis. These results are complementary to conventional velocity map imaging experiments and demonstrate the application of time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging to photoinduced real-time molecular motion., Published by American Institute of Physics, Melville, NY
Published: 2018

15. Nutritional quality of food as represented by the FSAm-NPS nutrient profiling system underlying the Nutri-Score label and cancer risk in Europe: Results from the EPIC prospective cohort study

Author: Deschasaux, Mélanie, Huybrechts, Inge, Murphy, Neil, Julia, Chantal, Hercberg, Serge, Srour, Bernard, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Latino-Martel, Paule, Biessy, Carine, Casagrande, Corinne, Jenab, Mazda, Ward, Heather, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Kyrø, Cecilie, Olsen, Anja, Affret, Aurélie, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kühn, Tilman, Boeing, Heiner, Schwingshackl, Lukas, Bamia, Christina, Peppa, Eleni, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Masala, Giovanna, Krogh, Vittorio, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Peeters, Petra H., Hjartåker, Anette, Rylander, Charlotta, Skeie, Guri, Ramón Quirós, J., Jakszyn, Paula, Salamanca-Fernández, Elena, Huerta, José María, Ardanaz, Eva, Amiano, Pilar, Ericson, Ulrika, Sonestedt, Emily, Huseinovic, Ena, Johansson, Ingegerd, Khaw, Kay Tee, Wareham, Nick, Bradbury, Kathryn E., Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Ferrari, Pietro, Riboli, Elio, Gunter, Marc J., Touvier, Mathilde, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), School of Public Health [London, UK] (Faculty of Medicine), Imperial College London, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Genetic Epidemiology Group [Helsinki], Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Mode de vie, génétique et santé : études intégratives et transgénérationnelles (U1018 (Équipe 9)), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Dept of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School [Athens]-University of Athens Medical School [Athens], Hellenic Health Foundation, Cancer Risk Factors and LifeStyle Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori - National Cancer Institute [Milan], Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, University of Naples Federico II, Cancer registry and histopathology unit, Civile - M.P.Arezzo Hospital, Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital-Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO-Piemonte), Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center [Utrecht], School of Public Health - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Nutrition [Oslo], Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [Oslo], Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Public Health Directorate Asturias, Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L´Hospitallet de Llobregat, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull [Barcelona] (URL), Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publica, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Granada.ibs), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Public Health Institute of Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease, Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg (GU), Department of Odontology, Umeå University, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Nuffield Department of Population Health - Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, French National Cancer Institute (INCa)-Canceropole Ile-de-France [2017-1-PL SHS-01-INSERM ADR 5-1], European Commission (DG-SANCO), Danish Cancer Society (Denmark), Ligue Contre le Cancer, (France), Institut Gustave Roussy, (France), Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, (France), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), (France), Deutsche Krebshilfe (Germany), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (Germany), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece), Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare, and Sports (VWS) (the Netherlands), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR) (the Netherlands), LK Research Funds (the Netherlands), Dutch Prevention Funds (the Netherlands), Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland) (the Netherlands), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) (the Netherlands), Statistics Netherlands (the Netherlands), Health Research Fund (FIS) [PI13/00061], Regional Government of Andalucia (Spain), Regional Government of Asturias (Spain), Regional Government of Basque Country (Spain), Regional Government of Murcia (Spain) [6236], Regional Government of Navarra, ISCIII RETIC (Spain) [RD06/0020], Swedish Cancer Society (Sweden), Swedish Scientific Council (Sweden), County Council of Skane (Sweden), County Council of Vasterbotten (Sweden), Cancer Research UK [14136, C570/A16491, C8221/A19170], Medical Research Council [1000143, MR/M012190/1], National Research Council (Italy), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Hôpital avicenne, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Avicenne, Hôpital Paul Brousse-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), 'CIVIC-M.P. AREZZO' Hospital, University of Oxford, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Deschasaux, Mélanie [0000-0002-3359-420X], Huybrechts, Inge [0000-0003-3838-855X], Murphy, Neil [0000-0003-3347-8249], Hercberg, Serge [0000-0002-3168-1350], Srour, Bernard [0000-0002-1277-3380], Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle [0000-0002-9715-3534], Weiderpass, Elisabete [0000-0003-2237-0128], Dahm, Christina C [0000-0003-0481-2893], Kyrø, Cecilie [0000-0002-9083-8960], Olsen, Anja [0000-0003-4788-503X], Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine [0000-0002-5956-5693], Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya [0000-0002-5892-8886], Tumino, Rosario [0000-0003-2666-414X], Sacerdote, Carlotta [0000-0002-8008-5096], Hjartåker, Anette [0000-0003-3002-4030], Skeie, Guri [0000-0003-2476-4251], Jakszyn, Paula [0000-0003-0672-8847], Huerta, José María [0000-0002-9637-3869], Sonestedt, Emily [0000-0002-0747-4562], Johansson, Ingegerd [0000-0002-9227-8434], Wareham, Nick [0000-0003-1422-2993], Bradbury, Kathryn E [0000-0003-3345-7333], Perez-Cornago, Aurora [0000-0002-5652-356X], Riboli, Elio [0000-0001-6795-6080], Touvier, Mathilde [0000-0002-8322-8857], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Deschasaux, Mélanie, Huybrechts, Inge, Murphy, Neil, Julia, Chantal, Hercberg, Serge, Srour, Bernard, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Latino-Martel, Paule, Biessy, Carine, Casagrande, Corinne, Jenab, Mazda, Ward, Heather, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Dahm, Christina C, Overvad, Kim, Kyrø, Cecilie, Olsen, Anja, Affret, Aurélie, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kühn, Tilman, Boeing, Heiner, Schwingshackl, Luka, Bamia, Christina, Peppa, Eleni, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Masala, Giovanna, Krogh, Vittorio, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Ba, Peeters, Petra H, Hjartåker, Anette, Rylander, Charlotta, Skeie, Guri, Ramón Quirós, J, Jakszyn, Paula, Salamanca-Fernández, Elena, Huerta, José María, Ardanaz, Eva, Amiano, Pilar, Ericson, Ulrika, Sonestedt, Emily, Huseinovic, Ena, Johansson, Ingegerd, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Bradbury, Kathryn E, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Ferrari, Pietro, Riboli, Elio, Gunter, Marc J, and Touvier, Mathilde
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Nutrition Policy, Cohort Studies, Food Preferences, Medicine, General & Internal, project, Food Labeling, Risk Factors, front-of-package, su.vi.max cohort, General & Internal Medicine, Neoplasms, Humans, french adults, Prospective Studies, dietary index, database, Medicine(all), validation, Nutrition and Dietetics, Science & Technology, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Oncology: 762, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Middle Aged, Näringslära, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Onkologi: 762, Europe, prospective association, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Medicine, Female, cardiovascular-disease risk, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Nutritive Value, france, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Source at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002651. Background - Helping consumers make healthier food choices is a key issue for the prevention of cancer and other diseases. In many countries, political authorities are considering the implementation of a simplified labelling system to reflect the nutritional quality of food products. The Nutri-Score, a five-colour nutrition label, is derived from the Nutrient Profiling System of the British Food Standards Agency (modified version) (FSAm-NPS). How the consumption of foods with high/low FSAm-NPS relates to cancer risk has been studied in national/regional cohorts but has not been characterized in diverse European populations. Methods and findings - This prospective analysis included 471,495 adults from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC, 1992–2014, median follow-up: 15.3 y), among whom there were 49,794 incident cancer cases (main locations: breast, n = 12,063; prostate, n = 6,745; colon-rectum, n = 5,806). Usual food intakes were assessed with standardized country-specific diet assessment methods. The FSAm-NPS was calculated for each food/beverage using their 100-g content in energy, sugar, saturated fatty acid, sodium, fibres, proteins, and fruits/vegetables/legumes/nuts. The FSAm-NPS scores of all food items usually consumed by a participant were averaged to obtain the individual FSAm-NPS Dietary Index (DI) scores. Multi-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were computed. A higher FSAm-NPS DI score, reflecting a lower nutritional quality of the food consumed, was associated with a higher risk of total cancer (HRQ5 versus Q1 = 1.07; 95% CI 1.03–1.10, P-trend < 0.001). Absolute cancer rates in those with high and low (quintiles 5 and 1) FSAm-NPS DI scores were 81.4 and 69.5 cases/10,000 person-years, respectively. Higher FSAm-NPS DI scores were specifically associated with higher risks of cancers of the colon-rectum, upper aerodigestive tract and stomach, lung for men, and liver and postmenopausal breast for women (all P < 0.05). The main study limitation is that it was based on an observational cohort using self-reported dietary data obtained through a single baseline food frequency questionnaire; thus, exposure misclassification and residual confounding cannot be ruled out. Conclusions - In this large multinational European cohort, the consumption of food products with a higher FSAm-NPS score (lower nutritional quality) was associated with a higher risk of cancer. This supports the relevance of the FSAm-NPS as underlying nutrient profiling system for front-of-pack nutrition labels, as well as for other public health nutritional measures.
Published: 2018

16. Historical TOC concentration minima during peak sulfur deposition in two Swedish lakes

Author: Dan Hammarlund, Anna Broström, Daniel Fredh, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Peter Rosén, Wilhelm Granéli, Petra Bragée, Florence Mazier, Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University [Lund], Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Department of biology and environmental sciences, Umeå University, Department of Geology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], and Department of Biology
Subjects: lcsh:Life, Climate change, chemistry.chemical_element, Forcing (mathematics), lcsh:QH540-549.5, Precipitation, lake, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes, Sweden, Ekologi, Hydrology, Total organic carbon, Ecology, biology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Historical TOC, Sediment, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, biology.organism_classification, Sulfur, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QH501-531, Diatom, chemistry, Boreal, Environmental science, Physical geography, lcsh:Ecology
Abstract: Decadal-scale variations in total organic carbon (TOC) concentration in lake water since AD 1200 in two small lakes in southern Sweden were reconstructed based on visible–near-infrared spectroscopy (VNIRS) of their recent sediment successions. In order to assess the impacts of local land-use changes, regional variations in sulfur, and nitrogen deposition and climate variations on the inferred changes in TOC concentration, the same sediment records were subjected to multi-proxy palaeolimnological analyses. Changes in lake-water pH were inferred from diatom analysis, whereas pollen-based land-use reconstructions (Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm) together with geochemical records provided information on catchment-scale environmental changes, and comparisons were made with available records of climate and population density. Our long-term reconstructions reveal that inferred lake-water TOC concentrations were generally high prior to AD 1900, with additional variability coupled mainly to changes in forest cover and agricultural land-use intensity. The last century showed significant changes, and unusually low TOC concentrations were inferred at AD 1930–1990, followed by a recent increase, largely consistent with monitoring data. Variations in sulfur emissions, with an increase in the early 1900s to a peak around AD 1980 and a subsequent decrease, were identified as an important driver of these dynamics at both sites, while processes related to the introduction of modern forestry and recent increases in precipitation and temperature may have contributed, but the effects differed between the sites. The increase in lake-water TOC concentration from around AD 1980 may therefore reflect a recovery process. Given that the effects of sulfur deposition now subside and that the recovery of lake-water TOC concentrations has reached pre-industrial levels, other forcing mechanisms related to land management and climate change may become the main drivers of TOC concentration changes in boreal lake waters in the future.
Published: 2015

17. Unravelling a HP-HT progrademetamorphic history from quartzand rutile inclusions in garnet

Author: Tual, Lorraine, Möller, C., Pitra, Pavel, Whitehouse, Martin, Department of geology, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Laboratory for Isotope Geology, Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dubigeon, Isabelle, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, [SDU.STU.PE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography
Abstract: International audience; Trace-element compositions of mineral inclusions ingarnet (e.g., quartz, zircon and rutile) are commonly used toprovide thermo(baro)metric estimates. However, thesystematics of the thermometric equilibria in these minerals athigh pressure and temperature are not fully understood. Toinvestigate this, we analyzed in-situ quartz and rutileinclusions in a Fe-Ti-rich eclogite from the Sveconorwegianorogen in southern Sweden by SIMS. Abundant quartz, rutileand zircon in distinct microstructural sites (garnet core, garnetrims and matrix) make this sample particularly suitable forthis study.A P–T path, peaking at 16.5–19 kbar and 850–900 °C hasbeen deduced for this rock by pseudosection modelling; inputpressures from this model were used for trace elementthermometry of each garnet microtextural domain. For garnetcores, Zr-in-rutile yields 700–715 °C and Ti-in-quartz 620–640 °C at 7 kbar. For garnet rims, temperature estimates are760–790 °C (Zr-in-rutile) and 740–890 °C (Ti-in-quartz) at12–18 kbar. Finally, matrix rutile records 775–800 °C andlocally ~900 °C, and quartz records temperatures up to ~890°C. Alongside, direct combination of Ti in quartz and Zr inrutile isopleths yields a prograde path that is nearly identicalto that deduced from the pseudosection.The pseudosection shows that rutile was produced bycontinuous breakdown of ilmenite during the early stages ofprograde metamorphism – a reaction that was completed at~730 °C. Thereafter, rutile grains in the garnet rim and thematrix grew larger by recrystallization. However, these rutilegrains generally do not record the peak-P temperatures, butinstead yield 775–815 °C. This is interpreted to reflectrecrystallization associated with a major progradedehydration reaction in the rock, involving continuousbreakdown of hornblende and production of clinopyroxene.This study illustrates that Zr-in-rutile and Ti-in-quartzthermobarometry can robustly constrain prograde P–Tconditions and also yield important insights onrecrystallization processes at high temperatures. Thecombination of these methods and integration of the resultswith pseudosection modelling provides a versatile tool forinvestigating the petrologic history of high-grade rocks.
Published: 2017

18. The Role of MicroRNA in the Modulation of the Melanocortinergic System

Author: Derghal, Adel, Djelloul, Mehdi, Trouslard, Jérôme, Mounien, Lourdes, Physiologie et physiopathologie du système nerveux somato-moteur et neurovégétatif (PPSN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Cell Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: endocrine system, nervous system, microRNA, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, feeding behavior, melanocortin, hypothalamus, energy homeostasis, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Neuroscience
Abstract: International audience; The central control of energy balance involves a highly regulated neuronal network within the hypothalamus and the dorsal vagal complex. In these structures, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are known to reduce meal size and to increase energy expenditure. In addition, leptin, a peripheral signal that relays information regarding body fat content, modulates the activity of melanocortin pathway neurons including POMC-, Agouti-related peptide (AgRP)/Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-, melanocortin receptors (MC3R and MC4R)-expressing neurons. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of 22–26 nucleotides that post-transcriptionally interfere with target gene expression by binding to their mRNAs. Evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs play important roles in the central regulation of energy balance. In this context, different studies identified miRNAs including miR-200 family, miR-103, or miR-488 that could target the genes of melanocortin pathway. More precisely, these different miRNAs can modulate energy homeostasis by affecting leptin transduction pathway in the POMC, or AgRP/NPY neurons. This article reviews the role of identified miRNAs in the modulation of melanocortin pathway in the context of energy homeostasis.
Published: 2017

19. Standard-compliant LTE-A Uplink Scheduling Scheme with Quality of Service

Author: Sébastien Baey, Mehmet Karaca, Alexandre Ragaleux, Networks and Performance Analysis (NPA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 (LIP6), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept. of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: Rate-monotonic scheduling, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Aerospace Engineering, LTE-A uplink, 02 engineering and technology, Dynamic priority scheduling, opportunistic scheduling, Fair-share scheduling, Scheduling (computing), Fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling, 0203 mechanical engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Resource management, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wireless networks, SC-FDMA, business.industry, Wireless network, Quality of service, 020302 automobile design & engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Round-robin scheduling, LTE Advanced, Automotive Engineering, quality of service, business, Computer network
Abstract: In this paper, we focus on uplink scheduling with the practical constraints imposed by the Long-Term Evolution/Long-Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE/LTE-A) standard. We consider multimedia traffic generated by mobile users with heterogeneous quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. To tackle the resulting time and frequency problem, we then propose an adaptive and potential aware scheduling scheme (APASS), which is standard compliant and covers a wide range of scheduling objectives. This scheduling scheme is composed of three algorithms, which work jointly to provide an efficient solution. Our performance evaluation shows that the APASS outperforms other state-of-the-art scheduling schemes in terms of user satisfaction and delay.
Published: 2017

20. The effect of local land-use changes on floristic diversity during the past 1000 years in southern Sweden

Author: Dan Hammarlund, Petra Bragée, Mats Rundgren, Per Lagerås, Anna Broström, Daniel Fredh, Florence Mazier, Department of Geology, Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], University of Stavanger, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lund University [Lund], Swedish National Heritage Board, Swedish National Heritage Board-Swedish National Heritage Board, Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, National Historical Museums Sweden, and Gil, Emilie
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0106 biological sciences, southern Sweden, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Floristics, late-Holocene, Pollen, medicine, floristic diversity, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Palynology, ecosystem management, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Land use, business.industry, Local Vegetation Estimates model, Paleontology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, pollen analysis, Agriculture, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecosystem management, Species evenness, Species richness, business, land-use changes
Abstract: International audience; The relationship between land-use and floristic diversity in the landscape, for the last millennia, is analysed from two small lakes in southern Sweden. Pollen analysis and the Local Vegetation Estimates (LOVE) model are used to quantify land-cover at local scales with 100-year time windows. Floristic richness is estimated using palynological richness, and we introduce LOVE-based evenness as a proxy for floristic evenness on a local scale based on the LOVE output. The results reveal a dynamic land-use pattern, with agricultural expansion during the 13th century, a partly abandoned landscape around AD 1400, re-establishment during the 15th–17th centuries and a transition from traditional to modern land-use during the 20th century. We suggest that the more heterogeneous landscape and the more dynamic land-use during the 13th–19th centuries were of substantial importance for achieving the high floristic diversity that characterises the traditional landscape. Pollen-based studies of this type are helpful in identifying landscape characteristics and landuse practices that are important for floristic diversity and may therefore guide the development of ecosystem management strategies aiming at mitigating the on-going loss of species seen in the landscape of southern Sweden and many other regions worldwide.
Published: 2017

21. Somatic mutations reveal asymmetric cellular dynamics in the early human embryo

Author: Andrea L. Richardson, Anne Lise Børresen-Dale, Christos Sotiriou, Benita Kiat Tee Bk Tan, Laura Van't Veer, Andrew Tutt, Mia Petljak, David C. Wedge, Michael R. Stratton, Ludmil B. Alexandrov, Carlos Caldas, Åke Borg, Raheleh Rahbari, Inigo Martincorena, Alastair M Thompson, Henk Stunnenberg, Sancha Martin, Stian Knappskog, Marc J. van de Vijver, John W.M. Martens, Colin A. Purdie, Nikita Patel, Sarah O’Meara, Naoto T. Ueno, Peter J. Campbell, Matthew Me Hurles, Christopher Alder, Paul N. Span, Jorunn E. Eyfjord, Torril Sauer, Manasa Ramakrishna, Anthony Fullam, Steve Gamble, Helen Davies, S. Pinder, Alain Viari, Dilip Giri, Serena Nik-Zainal, Young Seok Ju, Moritz Gerstung, Sunil R. Lakhani, Medical Oncology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center [New York], University of Oslo (UiO), Akershus University Hospital [Lørenskog], King’s Health Partners Cancer Biobank [London], Guy's Hospital [London], Department of Pathology [Dundee], Ninewells Hospital and Medical School [Dundee], BioCare [Lund], Department of Oncology and Pathology [Lund], Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Molecular Biology [Nijmegen], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS), National Cancer Centre Singapore, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Breakthrough Breast Cancer Centre, London Institute of Cancer, Department of Breast Medical Oncology [Houston], The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center [San Francisco], Department of Medical Oncology [Rotterdam], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Institut Jules Bordet [Bruxelles], Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Bergen (UiB), University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Institute for Cancer Research [Oslo], Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Equipe de recherche européenne en algorithmique et biologie formelle et expérimentale (ERABLE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Baobab, Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], Caldas, Carlos [0000-0003-3547-1489], Nik-Zainal Abidin, Serena [0000-0001-5054-1727], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Pathology
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mutation rate, Somatic cell, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.disease_cause, Germ-Line Mutation/genetics, Mutation Rate, Human embryogenesis, Embryonic Development/genetics, Blood Cells/metabolism, Genetics, Mutation, Multidisciplinary, Genome, Women's cancers Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 17], Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Mosaicism, Embryo, Mammalian/cytology, Embryo, Human, Adult, General Science & Technology, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Embryonic Development, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Germline mutation, Cell Lineage/genetics, Underpinning research, medicine, Humans, Cell Lineage, Gene, Molecular Biology, Germ-Line Mutation, Blood Cells, Genome, Human, Mammalian, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc, Human Genome, Embryo, Mammalian, Embryonic stem cell, Human genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Mutagenesis, Genome, Human/genetics, Generic health relevance, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract: International audience; Somatic cells acquire mutations throughout the course of an individual's life. Mutations occurring early in embryogenesis are often present in a substantial proportion of, but not all, cells in postnatal humans and thus have particular characteristics and effects. Depending on their location in the genome and the proportion of cells they are present in, these mosaic mutations can cause a wide range of genetic disease syndromes and predispose carriers to cancer. They have a high chance of being transmitted to offspring as de novo germline mutations and, in principle, can provide insights into early human embryonic cell lineages and their contributions to adult tissues. Although it is known that gross chromosomal abnormalities are remarkably common in early human embryos, our understanding of early embryonic somatic mutations is very limited. Here we use whole-genome sequences of normal blood from 241 adults to identify 163 early embryonic mutations. We estimate that approximately three base substitution mutations occur per cell per cell-doubling event in early human embryogenesis and these are mainly attributable to two known mutational signatures. We used the mutations to reconstruct developmental lineages of adult cells and demonstrate that the two daughter cells of many early embryonic cell-doubling events contribute asymmetrically to adult blood at an approximately 2:1 ratio. This study therefore provides insights into the mutation rates, mutational processes and developmental outcomes of cell dynamics that operate during early human embryogenesis.
Published: 2017

22. TRACKING THE P–T PATH OF PRECAMBRIAN ECLOGITE USING PSEUDOSECTION, Ti-IN-QUARTZ AND Zr-IN-RUTILE THERMOBAROMETRY

Author: Tual, Lorraine, Möller, Charlotte, Pitra, Pavel, Whitehouse, Martin, Department of geology, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Dubigeon, Isabelle, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.MI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract: International audience; Sveconorwegian eclogite occur as a nappe within the high-grade metamorphic region in southernSweden, which constitutes a window into the deepest part of this Precambrian mountain belt. Distinctmicrostructural domains (i.e., garnet core, garnet rim, and matrix) in a Fe-Ti-rich eclogite variety containabundant quartz, rutile and zircon.A pseudosection approach was first applied and compared to results from a combination of Zr-in-rutileand Ti-in-quartz. The pressure input used for both thermometers was first deduced for each microstructuraldomain from the pseudosection. For the garnet core, Zr-in-rutile yields temperatures of 700-715°C and Ti-inquartz~ 635°C at 7 kbar. For the garnet rim, temperatures of 760-790°C (Zr-in-rutile) and 740-890°C (Ti-inquartz)at 12-18 kbar were calculated. Matrix rutile recorded temperatures of ~ 810°C, while quartz recordedtemperatures up to ~ 890°C. Additionally, direct combination of Ti content in quartz and Zr content in rutileisopleths (i.e., independent from the pseudosection) yield a prograde path in nearly perfect agreement withthe one deduced from the pseudosection.The pseudosection shows that rutile was produced by continuous breakdown of ilmenite during the earlystages of prograde metamorphism, a reaction that ran to completion at ~ 730°C. Most rutile grains in garnetrim and matrix are interpreted to subsequently form by recrystallization of smaller matrix grains. However,they generally do not record the peak-P temperatures and instead range mostly between 775 and 815°C,interpreted as a result of more efficient recrystallization during a dehydration reaction (progressivereplacement of hornblende by clinopyroxene).This study illustrates that both Zr-in-rutile and Ti-in-quartz thermometry cannot only robustly constrain aprograde evolution, but when combined with a pseudosection model can also yield information onrecrystallization processes. In fact, the combination of these three methods provides an unrivalled tool forpetrologic interpretation.The variation in Ti concentration in quartz is small regardless of crystal size. This P–T path reach veryhigh temperatures (up to 875°C) with a high dP/dT ratio, both during prograde and retrograde histories. Thesteep P–T path, together with preservation of garnet growth zoning, symplectitic textures and the lack ofsignificant Ti diffusion in quartz is consistent with a short residence time at high-temperature, implyingunusual fast burial and exhumation of the eclogite-bearing nappe.
Published: 2016

23. Using text clustering to predict defect resolution time : a conceptual replication and an evaluation of prediction accuracy

Author: Saïd Assar, Markus Borg, Dietmar Pfahl, Département Systèmes d'Information (DSI), Télécom Ecole de Management (TEM)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire en Innovation, Technologies, Economie et Management (EA 7363) (LITEM), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Télécom Ecole de Management (TEM), Software Engineering Research Group (SERG), Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Institute of Computer Science (University of Tartu) (CS), LITEM-NPR, Département Systèmes d'Information (IMT-BS - DSI), and University of Tartu
Subjects: Text mining, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Data clustering, Similarity (network science), Replication (statistics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Independent replication, Cluster analysis, business.industry, 020207 software engineering, Replicate, Software maintenance, Document clustering, Defect resolution time, Resource allocation, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Data mining, Artificial intelligence, Scenario testing, business, Prediction, computer, Software, Simulation
Abstract: International audience; Defect management is a central task in software maintenance. When a defect is reported, appropriate resources must be allocated to analyze and resolve the defect. An important issue in resource allocation is the estimation of Defect Resolution Time (DRT). Prior research has considered different approaches for DRT prediction exploiting information retrieval techniques and similarity in textual defect descriptions. In this article, we investigate the potential of text clustering for DRT prediction. We build on a study published by Raja (2013) which demonstrated that clusters of similar defect reports had statistically significant differences in DRT. Raja's study also suggested that this difference between clusters could be used for DRT prediction. Our aims are twofold: First, to conceptually replicate Raja's study and to assess the repeatability of its results in different settings; Second, to investigate the potential of textual clustering of issue reports for DRT prediction with focus on accuracy. Using different data sets and a different text mining tool and clustering technique, we first conduct an independent replication of the original study. Then we design a fully automated prediction method based on clustering with a simulated test scenario to check the accuracy of our method. The results of our independent replication are comparable to those of the original study and we confirm the initial findings regarding significant differences in DRT between clusters of defect reports. However, the simulated test scenario used to assess our prediction method yields poor results in terms of DRT prediction accuracy. Although our replication confirms the main finding from the original study, our attempt to use text clustering as the basis for DRT prediction did not achieve practically useful levels of accuracy.
Published: 2016

24. An Emerging Role of micro-RNA in the Effect of the Endocrine Disruptors

Author: Derghal, Adel, Djelloul, Mehdi, Trouslard, Jérôme, Mounien, Lourdes, Physiologie et physiopathologie du système nerveux somato-moteur et neurovégétatif (PPSN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Cell Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Lund Stem Cell Center, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: Endocrinology, Micro-RNA, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Review, Environment, Endocrine disruptors
Abstract: International audience; Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are diverse natural and synthetic ă chemicals that may alter various mechanisms of the endocrine system and ă produce adverse developmental, reproductive, metabolic, and neurological ă effects in both humans and wildlife. Research on EDCs has revealed that ă they use a variety of both nuclear receptor-mediated and ă non-receptor-mediated mechanisms to modulate different components of the ă endocrine system. The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of ă EDCs are still under investigation. Interestingly, some of the effects ă of EDCs have been observed to pass on to subsequent unexposed ă generations, which can be explained by the gametic transmission of ă deregulated epigenetic marks. Epigenetics is the study of heritable ă changes in gene expression that occur without a change in the DNA ă sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone modifications, DNA ă methylation, and specific micro-RNAs (miRNAs) expression, have been ă proposed to mediate transgenerational transmission and can be triggered ă by environmental factors. MiRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that ă post-transcriptionally repress the expression of genes by binding to ă 3'-untranslated regions of the target mRNAs. Given that there is ă mounting evidence that miRNAs are regulated by hormones, then clearly it ă is important to investigate the potential for environmental EDCs to ă deregulate miRNA expression and action.
Published: 2016

25. Floristic diversity in the transition from traditional to modern land-use in southern Sweden a.d. 1800–2008

Author: Lovisa Zillén, Mats Rundgren, Per Lagerås, Florence Mazier, Anna Broström, Daniel Fredh, Department of Geology, Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Swedish National Heritage Board, Swedish National Heritage Board-Swedish National Heritage Board, and Gil, Emilie
Subjects: Pollen analysis, Land-use transition, Archeology, REVEALS model, Land use, Ecology, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Palaeontology, Paleontology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Plant Science, Ecological succession, Floristic diversity, Quantitative reconstruction, Diversity index, Deciduous, Species evenness, Dominance (ecology), Species richness, Physical geography, Arable land, Ecosystem management
Abstract: International audience; We aim to provide a long-term ecological analysis of land-use and floristic diversity in the transition from traditional to modern land-use management in the time A.D. 1800-2008 in southern Sweden. We use the Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model to quantify land-cover changes on a regional scale at 20-year intervals, based on the fossil pollen record. Floristic richness and evenness are estimated using palynological richness and the Shannon index applied to the REVEALS output, respectively. We identified a transition period of 60 years between 1880 and 1940 when the total tree cover increased and the tree composition changed from deciduous to coniferous dominance. Within the shrinking area of open land, arable land taxa expanded, while the number and coverage of herbs in the remaining grasslands decreased. The succession from open grasslands to more tree-covered habitats initially favoured palynological richness, which reached its highest values during the first 40 years of the transition period. The highest REVEALS-based evenness was recorded in the time of traditional land-use and at the beginning of the transition period, reflecting higher habitat diversity at these time intervals. Our results support a more dynamic ecosystem management that changes between traditional land-use and phases of succession (\40 years) to promote floristic diversity. We have developed and applied a palaeoecological methodology that contributes realistic estimates to be used in ecosystem management.
Published: 2012

26. Endogenous IFN-β signaling exerts anti-inflammatory actions in experimentally induced focal cerebral ischemia

Author: Martina Svensson, Kate Lykke Lambertsen, Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas, Yawei Liu, Bettina Hjelm Clausen, Reza Khorooshi, Totte Stankovich, Tomas Deierborg, Ana R. Inácio, Krzysztof Kucharz, Yiyi Yang, Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Neuroinflammation Unit, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Department of Neurobiology Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU)-Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences [Lund], Lund University [Lund], This work was supported by grants from: Fundação para a Ciência e aTecnologia (ARI), Portugal, A.E. Berger, The Crafoord Foundation, G.E. Kock’sFoundation, The Gyllenstiernska Krapperup Foundation, The Royal PhysiographicSociety in Lund, Swedish National Stroke Foundation, and the Swedish ResearchCouncil grant no. 2012–2229 (TD), Sweden, The Danish Independent ResearchCouncil, and The Lundbeck Foundation (SI-N), Denmark, Brødrene HartmannFond (BHC), Savværksejer Jeppe Juhl og Hustru Ovita Juhls Mindelegat (KLL),and The Lundbeck Foundation (BHC and KLL), Denmark, Agency for Researchand Innovation, Council for Health Research (RK supported by a grant to TrevorOwens), Denmark, and BMC, BMC
Subjects: Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], IFN-α/β receptor, Brain Ischemia/pathology, Systemic inflammation, Brain Ischemia, Brain ischemia, Mice, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/pathology, Spleen/cytology, Ischemic Attack, Transient/pathology, Leukocytes, Medicine, Hand Strength/physiology, Postural Balance, Stroke, Receptors, Interferon, Mice, Knockout, B-Lymphocytes, Hand Strength, General Neuroscience, Receptors, Interferon/genetics, Leukocytes/pathology, Brain, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Knockout mouse, Cytokines, medicine.symptom, Genetically modified mouse, medicine.medical_specialty, Stroke/pathology, Immunology, Central nervous system, Ischemia, Inflammation, Cytokines/blood, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Inflammatory and immune cells, Internal medicine, Animals, Brain/pathology, Lymphocyte Count, Middle cerebral artery occlusion, Interferon-beta/genetics, business.industry, Research, Interferon-beta, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Endocrinology, Interferon-β, business, B-Lymphocytes/pathology, Spleen, Inflammation/pathology, Knockout mice
Abstract: Background Interferon (IFN)-β exerts anti-inflammatory effects, coupled to remarkable neurological improvements in multiple sclerosis, a neuroinflammatory condition of the central nervous system. Analogously, it has been hypothesized that IFN-β, by limiting inflammation, decreases neuronal death and promotes functional recovery after stroke. However, the core actions of endogenous IFN-β signaling in stroke are unclear. Methods To address this question, we used two clinically relevant models of focal cerebral ischemia, transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, and two genetically modified mouse lines, lacking either IFN-β or its receptor, the IFN-α/β receptor. Subsets of inflammatory and immune cells isolated from the brain, blood, and spleen were studied using flow cytometry. Sensorimotor deficits were assessed by a modified composite neuroscore, the rotating pole and grip strength tests, and cerebral infarct volumes were given by lack of neuronal nuclei immunoreactivity. Results Here, we report alterations in local and systemic inflammation in IFN-β knockout (IFN-βKO) mice over 8 days after induction of focal cerebral ischemia. Notably, IFN-βKO mice showed a higher number of infiltrating leukocytes in the brain 2 days after stroke. Concomitantly, in the blood of IFN-βKO mice, we found a higher percentage of total B cells but a similar percentage of mature and activated B cells, collectively indicating a higher proliferation rate. The additional differential regulation of circulating cytokines and splenic immune cell populations in wild-type and IFN-βKO mice further supports an important immunoregulatory function of IFN-β in stroke. Moreover, we observed a significant weight loss 2–3 days and a reduction in grip strength 2 days after stroke in the IFN-βKO group, while endogenous IFN-β signaling did not affect the infarct volume. Conclusions We conclude that endogenous IFN-β signaling attenuates local inflammation, regulates peripheral immune cells, and, thereby, may contribute positively to stroke outcome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0427-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2015

27. Affective picture processing: An integrative review of ERP findings

Author: Jonas Olofsson, Steven Nordin, Henrique Sequeira, John Polich, Division of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), and Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Visual perception, genetic structures, Emotions, Stimulus (physiology), Electroencephalography, Affect (psychology), behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, Arousal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Event-related potential, MESH: Electroencephalography, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Habituation, Valence (psychology), Evoked Potentials, MESH: Emotions, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, MESH: Evoked Potentials, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Visual Perception, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; The review summarizes and integrates findings from 40 years of event-related potential (ERP) studies using pictures that differ in valence (unpleasant-to-pleasant) and arousal (low-to-high) and that are used to elicit emotional processing. Affective stimulus factors primarily modulate ERP component amplitude, with little change in peak latency observed. Arousal effects are consistently obtained, and generally occur at longer latencies. Valence effects are inconsistently reported at several latency ranges, including very early components. Some affective ERP modulations vary with recording methodology, stimulus factors, as well as task-relevance and emotional state. Affective ERPs have been linked theoretically to attention orientation for unpleasant pictures at earlier components (300 ms). Theoretical issues, stimulus factors, task demands, and individual differences are discussed.
Published: 2008

28. Leptin is required for hypothalamic regulation of miRNAs targeting POMC 3 ′ UTR

Author: Derghal, Adel, Djelloul, Mehdi, Airault, Coraline, Pierre, Clément, Dallaporta, Michel, Troadec, Jean-Denis, Tillement, Vanessa, Tardivel, Catherine, Bariohay, Bruno, Trouslard, Jérôme, Mounien, Lourdes, Physiologie et physiopathologie du système nerveux somato-moteur et neurovégétatif (PPSN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Cell Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Biomeostasis, Nutritional Behavior and Metabolic Disorders, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: endocrine system, RECEPTOR MESSENGER-RNAS, FOOD-INTAKE, food intake, microRNA, MICRORNA EXPRESSION, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM, NEUROPEPTIDE-Y NEURONS, IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION, leptin, PANCREATIC BETA-CELL, GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], melanocortin, hypothalamus, RAT ARCUATE NUCLEUS, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN NEURONS
Abstract: International audience; The central nervous system (CNS) monitors modifications in metabolic parameters or hormone levels and elicits adaptive responses such as food intake regulation. Particularly, within the hypothalamus, leptin modulates the activity of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons which are critical regulators of energy balance. Consistent with a pivotal role of the melanocortin system in the control of energy homeostasis, disruption of the POMC gene causes hyperphagia and obesity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally repress the expression of genes by binding to 3 ′-untranslated regions (3 ′ UTR) of the target mRNAs. However, little is known regarding the role of miRNAs that target POMC 3 ′ UTR in the central control energy homeostasis. Particularly, their interaction with the leptin signaling pathway remain unclear. First, we used common prediction programs to search for potential miRNAs target sites on 3 ′ UTR of POMC mRNA. This screening identified a set of conserved miRNAs seed sequences for mir-383, mir-384-3p, and mir-488. We observed that mir-383, mir-384-3p, and mir-488 are up-regulated in the hypothalamus of leptin deficient ob/ob mice. In accordance with these observations, we also showed that mir-383, mir-384-3p, and mir-488 were increased in db/db mice that exhibit a non-functional leptin receptor. The intraperitoneal injection of leptin down-regulated the expression of these miRNAs of interest in the hypothalamus of ob/ob mice showing the involvement of leptin in the expression of mir-383, mir-384-3p, and mir-488. Finally, the evaluation of responsivity to intracerebroventricular administration of leptin exhibited that a chronic treatment with leptin decreased mir-488 expression in hypothalamus of C57BL/6 mice. In summary, these results suggest that leptin modulates the expression of miRNAs that target POMC mRNA in hypothalamus.
Published: 2015

29. Two hundred years of land-use change in the South Swedish Uplands : comparison of historical map-based estimates with a pollen-based reconstruction using the landscape reconstruction algorithm

Author: Mazier, Florence, Brostrom, Anna, Bragée, P, Fredh, Daniel, Stenberg, Li, Thiere, Géraldine, Sugita, S., Hammarlund, D., Gil, Emilie, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University [Lund], Department of Geology, WSP Environmental, Lund municipality, Institute of Ecology, and Tallinn University-Tallinn University
Subjects: Pollen analysis, Istorical maps, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Land-use cover, Lake sediments, Landscape reconstruction algorithm
Abstract: International audience; Long-term records of environmental history at decadal to millennial timescales enable an assessment of ecosystem variability and responses to past anthropogenic disturbances and are fundamental for the development of environmental management strategies. This study examines the local variability of land-use history in the South Swedish Uplands over the last 200 years based on pollen records from three lake-sediment successions. Temporal changes in the proportional cover of 14 plant taxa were quantified as percentages using the landscape reconstruction algorithm (LRA). The LRA-based estimates of the extent of four land-use categories (cropland, meadows/grassland, wetland, outland/woodland) were compared to corresponding estimates based on historical maps and aerial photographs from AD 1769–1823, 1837–1895, 1946 and 2005. Although the LRA approach tends to overestimate grassland cover by 10–30 % for the two earliest time periods, the reconstructed vegetation composition is generally in good agreement with estimates based on the historical records. Subsequently, the LRA approach was used to reconstruct the 200-year history of local land-use dynamics at 20-year intervals around two small lakes. The qualitative assessment of difference approach , which requires fewer assumptions and parameters than LRA for objective evaluation of between-site differences in plant abundances, provides consistent results in general. Significant differences exist in the land-use history between the sites. Local catchment characteristics, such as soil conditions and wetland cover, appear important for the development of human impact on the landscape. Quantifi-cations of past vegetation dynamics provide information on the amplitude, frequency and duration of the land-use changes and their effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems , and should be taken into account when nature conservation strategies are developed.
Published: 2015

30. Probing the smallest soot particles in low-sooting premixed flames using laser-induced incandescence

Author: Per-Erik Bengtsson, Johan Simonsson, Xavier Mercier, Nils-Erik Olofsson, Henrik Bladh, Pascale Desgroux, Thomas Mouton, Alessandro Faccinetto, Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l’Atmosphère - UMR 8522 (PC2A), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: Range (particle radiation), Laser-induced incandescence, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, General Chemical Engineering, Nucleation, Analytical chemistry, Combustion, medicine.disease_cause, Fluence, Soot, 13. Climate action, Incandescence, medicine, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Particle size, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In this work we investigate nascent soot particles by analyzing laser-induced incandescence (LII) signals obtained in low-sooting premixed flames. The analysis covers two data sets obtained in separate experimental campaigns. The first data set was obtained in a previous work (Mouton et al., 2013) in methane/oxygen/nitrogen flames (equivalence ratio range 1.95 < Phi < 2.32) at 26.7 kPa, whereas the second was performed in atmospheric ethylene/air flames (1.77 < Phi < 2.00). Both studies show similar trends, i.e. a gradual change of the fluence curves (evolution of the LII signal as function of the laser fluence) from the well-known S-shaped curve for mature soot found at high heights above the burner (HAB) and high equivalence ratio, to a nearly linear behavior for nascent soot found at low HAB and reduced equivalence ratio. With this change comes a decrease in the LII decay time (and hence inferred particle size). Also, this decay time appears to be almost constant with HAB in flames having the lowest equivalence ratio at which the incandescence signal could be detected. In these flames, so-called nucleation flames, the stability of the particle size with HAB suggests that recently nucleated particles have undergone marginal surface growth and coagulation. Existence of such nucleation flames is of great interest for improving the theoretical description of the nucleation step. Experimental results are analyzed by using a theoretical model for LII to determine the particle size evolution throughout the flame at various experimental conditions. We highlight the size difference from nascent soot particles up to mature soot, giving insight into the particle nucleation and the surface growth processes as a function of reaction time and flame conditions. (C) 2014 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015

31. Trains of attosecond electron wave packets

Author: Mette B. Gaarde, Ph. Balcou, Johan Mauritsson, E. Gustafsson, Katalin Varjú, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Anne L'Huillier, Constance Valentin, Kenneth J. Schafer, Thomas Remetter, Sophie Kazamias, Per Johnsson, Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Baton Rouge], Louisiana State University (LSU), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'interaction du rayonnement X avec la matière (LIXAM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Wave packet, Attosecond, Above threshold ionization, Photoionization, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010309 optics, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, High harmonic generation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: International audience; We study temporally localized electron wave packets, generated using a train of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulses to ionize the target atoms. Both the electron wave packets and the attosecond pulse train (APT) are characterized using the same technique, based on interference of two-photon transitions in the continuum. We study, in particular, the energy transfer from a moderately strong infrared (IR) field to the electron wave packets as a function of time delay between the XUV and the IR fields. The use of an APT to generate the electron wave packets enables the generation at times not accessible through tunneling ionization. We find that a significant amount of energy is transferred from the IR field to the electron wave packets, when they are generated at a zero-crossing of the IR laser field. This energy transfer results in a dramatically enhanced above-threshold ionization even at IR intensities that alone are not strong enough to induce any significant ionization.
Published: 2006

32. Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients: a cohort study

Author: Carla H. van Gils, E. Riboli, Christos Tsironis, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Laureen Dartois, José Ramón Quirós, Veronika Fedirko, Pietro Ferrari, Teresa Norat, Pagona Lagiou, Christina C. Dahm, Giovanna Masala, Timothy J. Key, Mark J. Gunter, Maria Wennberg, Kay-Tee Khaw, Verena Katzke, Petra H.M. Peeters, Aurelio Barricarte, Heather Ward, Nicholas J. Wareham, Anne Tjønneland, Lena Maria Nilsson, Bodil Ohlsson, Valeria Pala, Laure Dossus, Antonia Trichopoulou, Tilman Kühn, Heiner Boeing, Elisabete Weiderpass, Petra A. Wark, M. Dorronsoro, Carmen Navarro, Camilla Plambeck Hansen, Genevieve Buckland, Salvatore Panico, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, María José Sánchez, Paolo Vineis, Peter D. Siersema, Karin Jirström, Dora Romaguera, Rosario Tumino, Mazda Jenab, Romaguera, Dora, Ward, Heather, Wark, Petra A, Vergnaud, Anne Claire, Peeters, Petra H, van Gils, Carla H, Ferrari, Pietro, Fedirko, Veronika, Jenab, Mazda, Boutron Ruault, Marie Christine, Dossus, Laure, Dartois, Laureen, Hansen, Camilla Plambeck, Dahm, Christina Catherine, Buckland, Genevieve, Sánchez, María José, Dorronsoro, Miren, Navarro, Carmen, Barricarte, Aurelio, Key, Timothy J, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Tsironis, Christo, Lagiou, Pagona, Masala, Giovanna, Pala, Valeria, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Panico, Salvatore, Bueno de Mesquita, H. Ba, Siersema, Peter D, Ohlsson, Bodil, Jirström, Karin, Wennberg, Maria, Nilsson, Lena M, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Khaw, Kay Tee, Wareham, Nick J, Tjønneland, Anne, Boeing, Heiner, Quirós, José R, Gunter, Marc J, Riboli, Elio, Norat, Teresa, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, BMC, BMC, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición ( (CIBEROBN)), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center [Utrecht]-Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), Emory University [Atlanta, GA]-Rollins School of Public Health-Winship Cancer Institute, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL)-Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Granada Cancer Registry, Andalusian School of Public Health [Granada], Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red especializado en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Los Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Murcia Regional Health Council [Murcia], Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Navarre Public Health Institute, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Hellenic Health Foundation, Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori - National Cancer Institute [Milan], Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Department of Oncology-Civile - M.P.Arezzo Hospital, Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya = Universiti Malaya [Kuala Lumpur, Malaisie] (UM), Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Division of Internal Medicine, Skane University Hospital [Malmo], Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University [Lund], Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre, Department of Community Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Genetic Epidemiology Group [Helsinki], Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Clinical Gerontology Unit, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Institute of Metabolic Science, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Public Health Directorate, Khaw, Kay-Tee [0000-0002-8802-2903], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), University of Naples Federico II, University of Malaya, The Arctic University of Norway, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, [Romaguera,D, Ward,H, Vergnaud,A, Peeters,PH, Vineis,P, Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB, Gunter, MJ, Riboli,E, Norat,T] Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. [Romaguera,D] Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. [Romaguera,D] CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. [Wark,PA] Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. [Peeters,PH, Gils, CH] Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Ferrari,P, Jenab,M] International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC), Lyon CEDEX, France. [Fedirko,V] Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA. [Fedirko,V] Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, USA. [Boutron-Ruault,M, Dossus,L, Dartois,L] Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Vaillant, Villejuif, Cedex, France. [Boutron-Ruault,M, Dartois,L] Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France. [Boutron-Ruault,M, Dartois,L] Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. [Hansen,CP, Dahm,CC] Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark. [Buckland,G] Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain. [Sánchez,MJ] Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. [Sánchez,MJ, Dorronsoro,M, Navarro,C, Barricarte,A] CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. [Dorronsoro,M] Public Health Direction and Biodonostia Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain. [Navarro,C] Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain. Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. [Barricarte,A] Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain. [Key,TJ] Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford UK. [Trichopoulou,A, Tsironis,C] Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece . [Trichopoulou,A, Lagiou,P] Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. [Lagiou,P] Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. [Lagiou,P] Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA. [Masala,G] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute – ISPO, Florence, Italy. [Pala,V] Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. [Tumino,R] Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, 'Civic – M.P. Arezzo' Hospital, Ragusa, Italy. [Vineis,P] HuGeF Foundation, Turin, Italy. [Panico,S] Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB] Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven The Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB, Siersema,PD] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB] Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Ohlsson,B] Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. [Jirström,K] Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. [Wennberg,M] Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. [Nilsson,LM] Arctic Research Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. [Weiderpass,E] Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, ISM - Universitetet i Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Majorstuen Oslo, Norway. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Folkhälsan Research Center, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [Kühn,T, Katzke,V] German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, Germany. [Khaw,K] University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Gerontology Unit Box 251, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK. [Wareham,NJ] MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK. [Tjønneland,A] Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Boeing,H] Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany. [Quirós,JR] Public Health Directorate, Oviedo Asturias, Spain., This study was funded by the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) International Regular Grant Programme (Grant number 2009/44). Dora Romaguera holds a Ramon y Cajal contract (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain and European Regional Development Fund, RYC-2011-08796). In addition, EPIC investigators acknowledge funding from the following agencies: Europe Against Cancer Program of the European Commission (SANCO), German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Danish Cancer Society, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Spain, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (no. 6236) and Navarra, ISCIII RCESP exp. C03/09 and ISCIII RETICC RD06/0020/0091, Spain, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, United Kingdom, The Hellenic Health Foundation, Greece, Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian National Research Council, Fondazione-Istituto Banco Napoli, Italy, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Dutch Prevention Funds, LK Research Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), The Netherlands, Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skåne, Sweden, Helga—Nordic Center of Excellence Programme in Nutrition and Health, French League against Cancer (LNCC), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Romaguera et al. BMC Medicine (2015) 13:107 Page 10 of 12 Nationale (MGEN), France, 3 M Co., France, Gustave Roussy Institute (IGR), France, and and General Councils of France. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Subjects: Male, physical activity, 0302 clinical medicine, estudios prospectivos, Prospective Studies, estudios de cohortes, mediana edad, Aged, 80 and over, anciano, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Motor Activity [Medical Subject Headings], dieta, Incidence, Hazard ratio, COLON-CANCER, General Medicine, adulto, 3. Good health, Näringslära, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, estilo de vida, Cohort, Dieta, Estilo de Vida, RESEARCH FUND/AMERICAN INSTITUTE, Cohort study, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Concordance, European Continental Ancestry Group, DIAGNOSIS, incidencia, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Càncer colorectal, Neoplasias Colorrectales, BREAST-CANCER, Humans, Life Style, Aged, Cancer prevention, Proportional hazards model, Physical activity, Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Digestive System Neoplasms::Gastrointestinal Neoplasms::Intestinal Neoplasms::Colorectal Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings], Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology, Social::Life Style [Medical Subject Headings], weight, LIFE-STYLE FACTORS, Colorectal cancer, REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY, Prospective Studie, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Cancer and Oncology, Proportional Hazards Model, grupo de ascendencia continental europea, Estudios de Cohortes, Gerontology, cumplimiento del paciente, Survival, modelos de riesgos proporcionales, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Epidemiologi medisinsk og odontologisk statistikk: 803, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], humanos, Colorectal Neoplasm, Alcohol consumption, Breast cancer, Prospective study, Named Groups::Persons::Survivors [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Non-U.S. Gov't, 2. Zero hunger, Medicine(all), RISK, Nutrition and Dietetics, Healthy lifestyle, Diet, Weight, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Middle Aged, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Epidemiology medical and dental statistics: 803, NUTRITION, Female, Colorectal Neoplasms, Research Article, Adult, neoplasias colorrectales, 3122 Cancers, RECREATIONAL PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Other Research Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 0], colorectal cancer, Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings], Research Support, survival, Sobrevivientes, healthy lifestyle, Internal medicine, medicine, Journal Article, Proportional Hazards Models, Actividad Motora, business.industry, Physical fitness, BODY-MASS INDEX, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Other Clinical Medicine, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Patient Compliance, Cohort Studie, business, diet, Condició física
Abstract: Background: Cancer survivors are advised to follow lifestyle recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness proposed by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) for cancer prevention. Previous studies have demonstrated that higher concordance with these recommendations measured using an index score (the WCRF/AICR score) was associated with lower cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pre-diagnostic concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods: The association between the WCRF/AICR score (score range 0-6 in men and 0-7 in women; higher scores indicate greater concordance) assessed on average 6.4 years before diagnosis and CRC-specific (n = 872) and overall mortality (n = 1,113) was prospectively examined among 3,292 participants diagnosed with CRC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (mean follow-up time after diagnosis 4.2 years). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality. Results: The HRs (95% CIs) for CRC-specific mortality among participants in the second (score range in men/women: 2.25-2.75/3.25-3.75), third (3-3.75/4-4.75), and fourth (4-6/5-7) categories of the score were 0.87 (0.72-1.06), 0.74 (0.61-0.90), and 0.70 (0.56-0.89), respectively (P for trend, We would like to acknowledge the contribution of all participants in the study. This study was funded by the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) International Regular Grant Programme (Grant number 2009/44). Dora Romaguera holds a Ramon y Cajal contract (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain and European Regional Development Fund; RYC-2011-08796). In addition, EPIC investigators acknowledge funding from the following agencies: Europe Against Cancer Program of the European Commission (SANCO); German Cancer Aid; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); Danish Cancer Society; Catalan Institute of Oncology, Spain; Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health; Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (no. 6236) and Navarra; ISCIII RCESP exp. C03/09 and ISCIII RETICC RD06/0020/0091, Spain; Cancer Research UK; Medical Research Council, United Kingdom; The Hellenic Health Foundation, Greece; Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC); Italian National Research Council; Fondazione-Istituto Banco Napoli, Italy; Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Dutch Prevention Funds, LK Research Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), The Netherlands; Swedish Cancer Society; Swedish Scientific Council; Regional Government of Skane, Sweden; Helga-Nordic Center of Excellence Programme in Nutrition and Health; French League against Cancer (LNCC); National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France; Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale (MGEN), France; 3 M Co., France; Gustave Roussy Institute (IGR), France; and General Councils of France.
Published: 2014

33. Single attosecond pulse production with an ellipticity-modulated driving IR pulse

Author: O. Tcherbakoff, V. Strelkov, Amelle Zaïr, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, E. Mével, Eric Constant, Eric Cormier, A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (GPI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Field (physics), business.industry, Attosecond, Phase (waves), Physics::Optics, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Pulse (physics), Optics, PACS 42.65.Re, 42.65.Ky, 42.25.Ja, 42.60.Rn, law, High harmonic generation, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, business, Ultrashort pulse, Bandwidth-limited pulse
Abstract: International audience; We theoretically study attosecond pulse production via high-harmonic generation using a driving laser pulse with a time-dependent ellipticity. The theoretical approach produces results that agree with our experimental data obtained using 35 fs driving laser pulses and is further used to study the generation of single attosecond pulses with shorter laser pulses. We find an equation for the duration of the temporal window created by the time-varying driving laser polarization in which high-harmonic emission can occur. We formulate the necessary requirements concerning the driving laser field in order to confine the high-harmonic emission in the form of a single attosecond pulse. Indeed, we show that using incident 12 fs laser pulses single attosecond pulses can be produced for certain carrier-envelope phase (CEP) values of the driving pulse. For 6 fs incident laser pulses, single attosecond pulses are produced for all values of the CEP (the intensity of the attosecond pulse still depends on the actual value of the CEP). If implemented with state-of-the-art 5 fs laser pulses, this technique can even lead to the production of sub-100 as pulses.
Published: 2005

34. BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN MILK AND INTESTINAL HEALTH AND MATURITY IN PRETERM NEWBORN: AN OVERVIEW

Author: Garcia C, Rd, Duan, Brévaut-Malaty V, Gire C, Millet V, Simeoni U, Bernard M, Martine ARMAND, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Service de Néonatologie, Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Armand, Martine, Ben Dahan, David, and Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION )
Subjects: Macromolecular Substances, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], MUC-1, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Humans, enteral nutrition, sphingomyelinase, intestine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, phospholipids, miRNA, milk hormones, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, sphingolipids, necrotizing enterocolitis, Milk, Human, Human milk, Infant, Newborn, lactadherin, cholesterol, sCD14, lactoferrin, Intestines, DHA, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, premature newborn, probiotics, Health, Premature Birth, milk growth factors, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), prebiotics, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, immunological programming, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Premature births are increasing worldwide (about 15 millions per year) due to several reasons (an advanced maternal age, fertility treatments, stress, smoking, nutritional deficiencies) and lead to a high societal overall cost. Among neonatal care procedures, the clinical nutrition practices are essential to promote the development and to minimize the sequelae. Prema-ture newborns are at major risk of death by infections due to the immaturity of their intestine. Human milk provides not only nutrients but also a plethora of biologically active components that are tailored to contribute to the development of the intes-tinal tract early in postnatal life. Among them, some bioactive molecules exhibit trophic effects (LC-PUFA, sphingomyelin, IGF-I and IGF-II, EGF, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, lactoferrin, lactadherin, probiotics, prebiotics, miRNA) or are part of the intestinal cell membranes (PUFA, LC-PUFA, phospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol), others educate the intestine for innate microbial recognition (sCD14, sTLR-2, miRNA), many of them display direct fighting against pathogens (some fatty acids and monoglycerides, some phospholipids and sphingolipids, BSSL, insulin, lactoferrin, sIgAs, MUC-1, lactadherin, probiotics, prebiotics), or contribute to establish the gut microbiota (LC-PUFA, lactoferrin, probiotics, prebiotics). A syn-ergetic action exists between several bioactive molecules. All together these precious agents regulate the maturation of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and might program early in postnatal life the future adult intestinal health. This review lists the main bioactive compounds and addresses their plausible roles and mechanisms of action.
Published: 2013

35. Probing time-dependent molecular dipoles on the attosecond time scale

Author: M. P. Dinh, Marc J. J. Vrakking, Miguel A. L. Marques, P-G. Reinhard, E. Suraud, Ch. Neidel, Miguel Miranda, Arnaud Rouzée, Mathieu Gisselbrecht, V. Despré, Thomas Fordell, Per Johnsson, Kathrin Klünder, Cord L. Arnold, C-H. Yang, Anne L'Huillier, J. Klei, F. Lepine, Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (MBI), Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Systèmes de Fermions Finis - Agrégats (LPT), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Field (physics), Attosecond, Polyatomic ion, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Ray, law.invention, Dipole, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, Electric field, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Photoinduced molecular processes start with the interaction of the instantaneous electric field of the incident light with the electronic degrees of freedom. This early attosecond electronic motion impacts the fate of the photoinduced reactions. We report the first observation of attosecond time scale electron dynamics in a series of small- and medium-sized neutral molecules (N2, CO2, and C2H4), monitoring time-dependent variations of the parent molecular ion yield in the ionization by an attosecond pulse, and thereby probing the time-dependent dipole induced by a moderately strong near-infrared laser field. This approach can be generalized to other molecular species and may be regarded as a first example of molecular attosecond Stark spectroscopy.
Published: 2013

36. Palynological perspectives on vegetation survey: a critical step for model-based reconstruction of Quaternary land cover

Author: R. Middleton, Anna Broström, Florence Mazier, M.J. Bunting, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Claire L. Twiddle, Helen Shaw, Michelle Farrell, Kari Loe Hjelle, Elizabeth A. C. Rushton, Department of Geography, University of Hull-University of Hull, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Natural History Collections, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Department of Quaternary Geology, Department of Geology, School of Geography, University of Nottingham, UK (UON)-University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, School of Geosciences, School of Geosciences [Aberdeen], University of Aberdeen-University of Aberdeen, and Gil, Emilie
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Biome, Land cover, Present day, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Vegetation data processing, Abundance (ecology), Distance-weighted plant abundance, Pollen, Vegetation type, medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pollen dispersal and deposition models, Palynology, Hydrology, Global and Planetary Change, Remote sensing data, Geology, Vegetation, Sutton model, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Prentice-Sugita model of pollen dispersal and deposition, 13. Climate action, Pollen surface sample, Environmental science, Physical geography, Community mapping
Abstract: 1. Quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation distribution and abundance from sedimentary pollen records provides an important baseline for understanding long term ecosystem dynamics and for the calibration of earth system process models such as regional-scale climate models, widely used to predict future environmental change. Most current approaches assume that the amount of pollen produced by each vegetation type, usually expressed as a relative pollen productivity term, is constant in space and time. 2. Estimates of relative pollen productivity can be extracted from extended R-value analysis (Parsons and Prentice, 1981) using comparisons between pollen assemblages deposited into sedimentary contexts, such as moss polsters, and measurements of the present day vegetation cover around the sampled location. Vegetation survey method has been shown to have a profound effect on estimates of model parameters (Bunting and Hjelle, 2010), therefore a standard method is an essential pre-requisite for testing some of the key assumptions of pollen-based reconstruction of past vegetation; such as the assumption that relative pollen productivity is effectively constant in space and time within a region or biome. 3. This paper systematically reviews the assumptions and methodology underlying current models of pollen dispersal and deposition, and thereby identifies the key characteristics of an effective vegetation survey method for estimating relative pollen productivity in a range of landscape contexts. 4. It then presents the methodology used in a current research project, developed during a practitioner workshop. The method selected is pragmatic, designed to be replicable by different research groups, usable in a wide range of habitats, and requiring minimum effort to collect adequate data for model calibration rather than representing some ideal or required approach. Using this common methodology will allow project members to collect multiple measurements of relative pollen productivity for major plant taxa from several northern European locations in order to test the assumption of uniformity of these values within the climatic range of the main taxa recorded in pollen records from the region. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
Published: 2013

37. The impact of land-use change on floristic diversity at regional scale in southern Sweden 600 BC–AD 2008

Author: Fredh, Daniel, Brostrom, Anna, Rundgren, Mats, Lageras, Per, Mazier, Florence, Zillen, Lovisa, Gil, Emilie, Department of Geology, Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Swedish National Heritage Board, Swedish National Heritage Board-Swedish National Heritage Board, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
Subjects: land-use change, Sweden, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, REVEALS, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Floristic diveresity
Abstract: This study explores the relationship between land-use and floristic diversity between 600 BC and AD 2008 in the uplands of southern Sweden. We use fossil pollen assemblages and the Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model to quantitatively reconstruct land-cover at a regional scale. Floristic richness and evenness are estimated using palynological richness and REVEALS-based evenness, respectively. We focus on the period AD 350 to 750 to investigate the impact of an inferred, short-lived (< 200 yr) period of land-use expansion and subsequent land abandonment on vegetation composition and floristic diversity. The observed vegetation response is compared to that recorded during the transition from traditional to modern land-use management at the end of the 19th century. Our results suggest that agricultural land-use was most widespread between AD 350 and 1850, which correlates broadly with high values of palynological richness. REVEALS-based evenness was highest between AD 500 and 1600 which indicates a more equal distribution among taxa during this time interval. Palynological richness increased during the inferred land-use expansion after AD 350 and decreased during the subsequent regression AD 550–750, while REVEALS-based increased throughout this period. The values of palynological richness during the last few decades are within the range observed during the last 1650 yr. However, REVEALS-based evenness shows much lower values during the last century compared to the previous ca. 2600 yr, which indicates that the distribution of present day vegetation is unusual in a millennial perspective. Our results show that regional scale changes in land-use have had clear impacts on floristic diversity in southern Sweden, with a vegetation response time of less than 20 to 50 yr. We show the importance of traditional land-use to attain high biodiversity and suggest that ecosystem management should include a regional landscape perspective.
Published: 2012

38. Towards scalable information modeling of requirements architectures

Author: Saïd Assar, Krzysztof Wnuk, Markus Borg, Software Engineering Research Group (SERG), Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Département Systèmes d'Information (DSI), Télécom Ecole de Management (TEM)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Requirement, Software Engineering Process Group, Programvaruteknik, Computer science, Software requirements specification, 050801 communication & media studies, 02 engineering and technology, Requirements architectures, 0508 media and communications, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Software requirements, Requirements analysis, Social software engineering, Requirements engineering, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Software development, Software Engineering, 020207 software engineering, Requirements modeling, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Empirical study, Engineering management, Large-scale requirements engineering, Software engineering, business
Abstract: International audience; The amount of data in large-scale software engineering contexts continues to grow and challenges efficiency of software engineering efforts. At the same time, information related to requirements plays a vital role in the success of software products and projects. To face the current challenges in software engineering information management, software companies need to reconsider the current models of information. In this paper, we present a modeling frame-work for requirements artifacts dedicated to a large-scale market-driven requirements engineering context. The underlying meta-model is grounded in a clear industrial need for improved flexible models for storing requirements engineering information. The presented framework is created in collaboration with industry and initially evaluated by industry practitioners from three large companies. Participants of the evaluation positively evaluated the presented modeling framework as well as pointed out directions for further research and improvements.
Published: 2012

39. Testing the effect of site selection and parameter setting on REVEALS-model estimates of plant abundance using th Czech Quaternary Palynological database

Author: Marie-José Gaillard, Anna-Kari Trondman, Shinya Sugita, Anna Broström, Petr Kuneš, Florence Mazier, Gil, Emilie, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, Kalmar University, Institute of Earth Science, Institute of Earth Sciences, Aarhus University [Aarhus]-Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Kalmar University-Kalmar University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Land cover, quantitative reconstruction of past land-cover, medicine.disease_cause, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, pollen data, Abundance (ecology), Pollen, medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Palynology, Database, REVEALS model, Paleontology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, NW Europe, 13. Climate action, Paleoecology, Quaternary, computer, Geology
Abstract: REVEALS-based quantitative reconstruction of Holocene vegetation cover (expressed in plant functional types. PFTs) is used in the LANDCLIM project to assess the effect of human-induced land-cover change on past climate in NW Europe. Using the Czech Quaternary Pollen Database, this case study evaluates the extent to which selection of data and input parameters for the REVEALS model applications would affect reconstruction outcomes. The REVEALS estimates of PFTs (grid-cell based REVEALS PET estimates, GB REVEALS PFT-s) are calculated for five time windows of the Holocene using fossil pollen records available in each 1 degrees x1 degrees grid cell of the Czech Republic. The input data and parameters selected for testing are: basin type and size, number of C-14 dates used to establish the chronology of the pollen records, number of taxa, and pollen productivity estimates (PPE). We used the Spearman correlation coefficient to test the hypothesis that there is no association between GB REVEALS PET-s using different data and parameter inputs. The results show that differences in the basin size and type, number of dates, number and type of taxa (entomophilous included or not), and PPE dataset do not affect the rank orders of the GB REVEALS PET-s significantly, except for the cases when entomophilous taxa are included. It implies that, given careful selection of data and parameter and interpretation of results, REVEALS applications can use pollen records from lakes and bogs of different sizes together for reconstruction of past land cover at the regional to sub-continental spatial scales for purposes such as the study of past land cover-climate interactions. Our study also provides useful criteria to set up protocols for data compilation REVEALS applications of this kind. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (Less)
Published: 2012

40. Signals of tree volume and temperature in a high-resolution record of pollen accumulation rates in northern Finland

Author: Mazier, Florence, Nielsen, Anne Brigitte, Brostrom, Anna, Sugita, S., Hicks, S., Gil, Emilie, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Department of Quaternary Geology, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS)-Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Institute of Geosciences, and Oulu University-Oulu University
Subjects: northern boreal forest, reconstruction, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, pollen accumulation rates, tree volume, Pinus sylvestris, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, absolute pollen productivity
Abstract: International audience; Pollen accumulation rates (PARs) provide a potential proxy for quantitative tree volume (m3 ha 1) reconstruction with reliable absolute pollen productivity estimates (APPEs). We obtained APPEs for pine, spruce and birch at their range limits in northern Finland under two temperature periods ('warm' and 'cold') based on long-term pollen trap and tree volume records within a 14-km radius of each trap. APPEs (mean SE; 108 grains m 3 a 1) tend to be higher for the 'warm' periods (pine 123.8 24.4, birch 528.0 398.4, spruce 434.3 113.7) compared with the 'cold' periods (pine 95.5 37.3, birch 317.3 282.6, spruce 119.6 37.6), although the difference is only significant for spruce. Using an independent temperature record and the APPEs obtained, we reconstruct a low-frequency record of pine volume changes over the last 1000 years at Palomaa mire, where a high-resolution record of Pinus PARs is available. Five phases are distinguished in the reconstruction: moderate pine volume, AD 1080-1170; high volume, AD 1170-1340; low volume, AD 1340-1630; very low volume, AD 1630-1810; and rising pine volume, AD 1810- 1950. These phases do not coincide with periods of high or low June-July-August temperatures, and thus appear to reflect regional variations in tree volume, while high-frequency changes within each time-period block show variations in PARs in response to temperature
Published: 2012

41. Pollen-inferred quantitative reconstructions of Holocene land-cover in NW Europe for the evaluation of past climate-vegetation feedbacks. The Swedish LANDCLIM project and the NordForsk LANDCLIM network

Author: Gaillard, M.J., Sugita, Shinya, Rundgren, Mats, Smith, Benjamin, Mazier, Florence, Trondman, Anna-Kari, Fyfe, Ralph, Kokfelt, Ulla, Nielsen, Anne Brigitte, Strandberg, Gustav, Linnaeus University, University of Tallinn, Talinn, Estonia, Department of Geology, Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom, GeoBiosphere Science Centre, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University, Slvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Gil, Emilie, Tallinn University, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, LANDCLIM project, [SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Holocene, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Ollen, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, climate, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; Reliable predictive models are needed to describe potential future climate changes and their impacts. Landsurface-atmosphere feedbacks and their impacts on climate are a current priority in the climate modelling commu-nity, but reliable records of long-term land use and vegetation change required for model evaluation are limited.Palaeoecological and palaeo-climatic data provide a unique record of the past changes in vegetation, land use andclimate on time scales relevant to vegetation processes and global change projections. The application of a newtechnique (the REVEALS model (Sugita 2007) to landscape reconstruction using fossil pollen data makes robustcomparisons with vegetation model output possible . The model corrects for biases caused by e.g. inter-taxonomicdifferences in pollen productivity and dispersal. Our results show that pollen percentages, a traditional indicator ofland cover changes, generally underestimate the unforested areas and certain broad-leaved trees such as Corylusand Tilia, while they often overestimate Betula and Pinus (see Cui et al. BG 6.2). Climate models use simplifiedland-surface classifications (plant functional types (PFTs)), such as grass (i.e. open land), deciduous trees, andconifers. Therefore, the observed large discrepancies in past land cover between the REVEALS estimates andpollen percentages are expected to influence model outcomes of the Holocene regional climate in NW Europe.The LANDCLIM project and research network (sponsored by the Swedish [VR] and Nordic [NordForsk]Research Councils) aim to quantify human-induced changes in regional vegetation/land-cover in NW Europeduring the Holocene, and to evaluate the effects of these changes on the regional climate through altered feedbacks.We use the REVEALS model, theoretically derived and empirically tested, to estimate the percentage cover oftaxa and groups of taxa (PFTs) from fossil pollen data for selected time windows of the Holocene, at a spatialresolution of ca. 1o x 1o. The REVEALS estimates of the past cover of PFTs will be 1) compared with theoutputs of the LPJ-GUESS (10 PFTs), a widely-used dynamic vegetation model and 2) used as an alternative tothe LPJ-GUESS-simulated vegetation (3 PFTs) to run for the past the regional climate model RCA3 developedat the Rossby Centre, Norrköping, Sweden. The study will evaluate and further refine these models (RCA3 andLPJ-GUESS) using a data-model comparison approach that incorporates new syntheses of palaeoclimatic data aswell. It will lead to new assessments of the possible effect of various factors on climate, such as deforestations andafforestations, and changes in vegetation composition and spatial patterns of land cover/land use. Refined climatemodels and empirical land-cover reconstructions will shed new light on controversial hypotheses of past climatechange and human impacts, such as the “Ruddiman hypothesis”.First maps of REVEALS estimates of plant functional types (PFTs) are now available for Sweden, Nor-way, Finland, Denmark, Estonia, Poland, Germany, The Czech Republic, Switzerland and Britain (see Mazier et al. C1.21 and Trondman et al. C1.22). Correlation tests show that the REVEALS estimates are robust in terms ofranking of the PFTs’ abundance (see Mazier et al, C1.21). The LANDCLIM project and network are a contributionto the IGBP-PAGES-Focus 4 PHAROS programme on human impact on environmental changes in the past.The following LANDCLIM members are acknowledged for providing pollen records, for help with pollendatabases, and for providing results to the project: Mihkel Kangur and Tiiu Koff (Univ. Tallinn, Tallinn); ErikKjellström (SMHI, Norrköping), Anna Broström, Lena Barnekow and Thomas Persson (GeoBiosphere ScienceCentre, Lund University); Anneli Poska (Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis, Lund University);Thomas Giesecke (Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen), Anne Bjune andJohn Birks (Dept. of Biology, University of Bergen); Pim van der Knaap (Institute of Plant Sciences, University ofBern); Malgorzata Latalowa (University of Gdansk); Michelle Leydet (IMEP CNRS 6116, University of MarseilleIII); Teija Alenius (Finnish Geological Survey, Espoo), Heather Almquist-Jacobson (Univ. Montana, USA), JonasBergman (Univ. Stockholm), Rixt de Jong (Univ. Bern), Jutta Lechterbeck (Hemmenhofen, Germany), Ann-MarieRobertsson (Univ. Stockholm), Ulf Segerström and Henrik von Stedingk (Univ. Umeå), Heikki Seppä (Univ.Helsinki).
Published: 2010

42. Holocene land-cover reconstructions for studies on land cover-climate feedbacks

Author: Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Kari Loe Hjelle, Paul A. Miller, Anna-Kari Trondman, Leif Björkman, Laimdota Kalnina, H. von Stedingk, Ulf Segerström, Thomas Hickler, Benjamin Smith, SM Peglar, Mats Rundgren, Ulla Kokfelt, Ralph Fyfe, Per Lagerås, Gustav Strandberg, Heikki Seppä, Harry John Betteley Birks, Małgorzata Latałowa, Thomas Giesecke, Bent Vad Odgaard, Anne E. Bjune, Matts Lindbladh, L. Balakauskas, Michelle Leydet, Anna Broström, Florence Mazier, Carsten Lemmen, W.O. van der Knaap, Marie-José Gaillard, Jörgen Olofsson, Lena Barnekow, Anneli Poska, Tiiu Koff, Shinya Sugita, Jutta Lechterbeck, Mihkel Kangur, Jed O. Kaplan, Petr Kuneš, Teija Alenius, Erik Kjellström, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Kalmar-University of Kalmar, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], ARVE Group, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Institute of Earth Science, Institute of Earth Sciences, Aarhus University [Aarhus]-Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institute for Coastel Research, Institute for Coastel research (GKSS), Institute for Coastel research-Institute for Coastel research, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen]-Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Institute of Cultural Research, Department of Geology and Mineralogy [Vilnius], Vilnius University [Vilnius], Department of Biology, Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria, Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria-Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria, Bergen Museum (UiB), Faculty of Geography and Earth sciences, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences [Riga], University of Latvia (LU)-University of Latvia (LU), Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern-University of Bern, Swedish National Heritage Board, Swedish National Heritage Board-Swedish National Heritage Board, Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeology, University of Gdańsk (UG)-University of Gdańsk (UG), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landesamt fur Denkmalpfege, Landesamt fur Denkmalpfege-Landesamt fur Denkmalpfege, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Forest ecology and Management, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Department of Geology, P.O. Box 64, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen-Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Department of Philosophy, History and Art Studies, Department of Geosciences and Geography, and Archaeology
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, REGIONAL VEGETATION, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural land, Abundance (ecology), ddc:551, new project LANDCLIM, ddc:550, land-cover change, lcsh:TD169-171.8, GLACIAL-MAXIMUM, Holocene, lcsh:Environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Climatology, Global and Planetary Change, SOUTHERN SWEDEN, Geology, Last Glacial Maximum, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, POLLEN-REPRESENTATION, LANDCLIM, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Geologi, Terrestrial ecosystem, CARBON-CYCLE, land cover-climate feedbacks, 010506 paleontology, 117 Geography, Environmental sciences, lcsh:Environmental protection, education, Annan geovetenskap och miljövetenskap, Land cover, Land cover change, lcsh:Environmental pollution, REVEALS, SIMULATION APPROACH, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, EUROPEAN CLIMATE, Paleontology, 15. Life on land, QUANTITATIVE RECONSTRUCTION, PAST VEGETATION, NW Europe, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, Earth sciences, 13. Climate action, Paleoecology, Other Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Abstract: The major objectives of this paper are: (1) to review the pros and cons of the scenarios of past anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) developed during the last ten years, (2) to discuss issues related to pollen-based reconstruction of the past land-cover and introduce a new method, REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites), to infer long-term records of past land-cover from pollen data, (3) to present a new project (LANDCLIM: LAND cover – CLIMate interactions in NW Europe during the Holocene) currently underway, and show preliminary results of REVEALS reconstructions of the regional land-cover in the Czech Republic for five selected time windows of the Holocene, and (4) to discuss the implications and future directions in climate and vegetation/land-cover modeling, and in the assessment of the effects of human-induced changes in land-cover on the regional climate through altered feedbacks. The existing ALCC scenarios show large discrepancies between them, and few cover time periods older than AD 800. When these scenarios are used to assess the impact of human land-use on climate, contrasting results are obtained. It emphasizes the need for methods such as the REVEALS model-based land-cover reconstructions. They might help to fine-tune descriptions of past land-cover and lead to a better understanding of how long-term changes in ALCC might have influenced climate. The REVEALS model is demonstrated to provide better estimates of the regional vegetation/landcover changes than the traditional use of pollen percentages. This will achieve a robust assessment of land cover at regional- to continental-spatial scale throughout the Holocene. We present maps of REVEALS estimates for the percentage cover of 10 plant functional types (PFTs) at 200 BP and 6000 BP, and of the two open-land PFTs “grassland” and “agricultural land” at five time-windows from 6000 BP to recent time. The LANDCLIM results are expected to provide crucial data to reassess ALCC estimates for a better understanding of the land suface-atmosphere interactions. NordForsk LANDCLIM VR LANDCLIM MERGE
Published: 2010

43. Anderson localization of a weakly interacting one-dimensional Bose gas

Author: Nicolas Pavloff, Mathias Albert, Tobias Paul, Peter Schlagheck, Patricio Leboeuf, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg (UR), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Mathematical Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, and Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund]
Subjects: Length scale, Anderson localization, Random potential, [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], Bose gas, FOS: Physical sciences, Probability density function, Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS), 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS], [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Supersonic speed, Transmission coefficient, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Matter wave, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract: We consider the phase coherent transport of a quasi one-dimensional beam of Bose-Einstein condensed particles through a disordered potential of length L. Among the possible different types of flow identified in [T. Paul et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 210602 (2007)], we focus here on the supersonic stationary regime where Anderson localization exists. We generalize the diffusion formalism of Dorokhov-Mello-Pereyra-Kumar to include interaction effects. It is shown that interactions modify the localization length and also introduce a length scale L* for the disordered region, above which most of the realizations of the random potential lead to time dependent flows. A Fokker-Planck equation for the probability density of the transmission coefficient that takes this new effect into account is introduced and solved. The theoretical predictions are verified numerically for different types of disordered potentials. Experimental scenarios for observing our predictions are discussed., 20 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2009

44. Filamentation 'remote' sensing of chemical and biological agents/pollutants using only one femtosecond laser source

Author: Andreas Becker, Y. Kamali, Olga G. Kosareva, Pierre Mathieu, P. T. Simard, Marc Châteauneuf, V.P. Kandidov, S.A. Hosseini, Weiwei Liu, Francis Théberge, J. Bernhardt, C. Marceau, G. Méjean, Gilles Roy, Q. Luo, Huailiang Xu, Jean-Robert Simard, See Leang Chin, M. Sharifi, Jacques Dubois, Neset Akozbek, J.-F. Daigle, A. Azarm, Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Sino French Research Center for Biomedical Imaging (HIT-INSA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), LAsers, Molécules et Environnement (LAME-LIPhy), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] (LIPhy), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), inconnu, and Inconnu
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, Filamentation, law, 0103 physical sciences, 42.62.Fi, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Pollutant, Quantum optics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, General Engineering, Laser, Fluorescence, 33.50.Dq, Excited state, 42.68.Wt, Femtosecond, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract: International audience; All matters in the path of filaments induced by an intense femtosecond laser pulse propagating in air could be fragmented and result in the emission of characteristic fluorescence spectra from the excited fragments. The fluorescence spectra exhibit specific signatures (fingerprints) that can be used for the identification of various substances including chemical and biological species. In this paper, we present an overview of the recent progress in our laboratory concerning the "remote" sensing of chemical and biological agents/pollutants in air using filamentation-induced nonlinear fluorescence techniques.
Published: 2009

45. Pollen productivity estimates and relevant source area of pollen for selected plant taxa in a pasture woodland landscape of the Jura Mountains (Switzerland)

Author: Alexandre Buttler, Shinya Sugita, Florence Mazier, Pascal Vittoz, Marie-José Gaillard, Anna Broström, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of Kalmar, University of Minnesota System, Département d'écologie et évolution, Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Laboratoire des systèmes écologiques, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de chrono-écologie - CNRS (UMR6565) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, Faculté des géosciences et de l'environnement, Université de Lausanne, and Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Pollen-vegetation relationship Moss polsters, Trollius europaeus, Plantago media, Relevant source area of pollen (RSAP), Plant Science, Woodland, Distance-weighting methods, Danish Lakes, medicine.disease_cause, Pollen productivity estimates (PPE), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pasture, Southern Sweden, Cultural Landscape, Extended R value submodels, Swiss Alps, Pollen, pollen-vegetation relationship, medicine, Cyperaceae, Deposition, Moss, Quantitative Reconstruction, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Palynology, geography, Vegetation, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Paleontology, moss polsters, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Forest-Composition, Representation, Pasture woodland landscape, Physical geography
Abstract: Relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) and pollen productivity for 11 key taxa characteristic of the pasture woodland landscape of the Jura Mountains, Switzerland, were estimated using pollen assemblages from moss polsters at 20 sites. To obtain robust pollen productivity estimates (PPEs), we used vegetation survey data at a fine spatial-resolution (1 x 1 m(2)) and randomized locations for sampling sites, techniques rarely used in palynology. Three Extended R value (ERV) submodels and three distance-weighting methods for plant abundance calculation were applied. Different combinations of the submodels and distance-weighting methods provide slightly different estimates of RSAP and PPEs. Although ERV submodel 1 using 1/d (d = distance in meters) best fits the dataset, PPE values for heavy pollen types (e.g. Abies) were sensitive to the method used for distance-weighting. Taxon-specific distance-weighting methods, such as Prentice's model, emphasize the intertaxonomic differences in pollen dispersal and deposition, and are thus theoretically sound. For the dataset obtained in this project, Prentice's model was more appropriate than other distance-weighting methods to estimate PPEs. Most of the taxa have PPEs equal to (Fagus, Plantago media and Potentilla-type), or higher (Abies, Picea, Rubiaceae and Trollius europaeus) than Poaceae (PPE = 1). Acer, Cyperaceae, and Plantago montana-type are low pollen producers. This set of PPEs will be useful for reconstructing heterogeneous, mountainous pasture woodland landscapes from fossil pollen records. The RSAP for moss polsters in this semi-open landscape region is ca. 300 m.
Published: 2008

46. The use of modelling and simulation approach in reconstructing past landscapes from fossil pollen data: a review and results from the POLLANDCAL network

Author: Anneli Poska, M. Jane Bunting, Catherine Langdon, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Henrik von Stedingk, Anna Broström, Chris Caseldine, Thomas Giesecke, Shinya Sugita, Sheila Hicks, R. Middleton, Sim Veski, Kari Loe Hjelle, Marie-José Gaillard, Sophie E. V. Hellman, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Department of Geography, University of Hull-University of Hull, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], School of Geography, School of Geography, Archaeology and Earth Resources, University of Exeter-University of Exeter, University of Liverpool-University of Liverpool, University of Kalmar-University of Kalmar, Department of Geography [Oulu], University of Oulu, Natural History Collections, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), School of Geography, Archaebology and Earth Resources, Department of Quaternary Geology, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS)-Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Institute of Geology at Tallin University of technology, Institute of Geology at Tallin University of Technology, University of Technology-University of Technology, Department of Forest ecology and Management, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), and Institute of Geology at Tallin University of tehnology
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate change, Relevant source area of pollen, Plant Science, Land cover, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Deposition (geology), Pollen, medicine, Landscape archaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, POLLANDCAL network, Hydrology, POLLSCAPE simulation model, Pollen dispersal and deposition, Paleontology, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Taxon, 13. Climate action, Paleoecology, Physical geography, Quantitative reconstructions of past vegetation and landscapes
Abstract: International audience; Information on past land cover in terms of absolute areas of different landscape units (forest, open land, pasture land, cultivated land, etc.) at local to regional scales is needed to test hypotheses and answer questions related to climate change (e.g. feedbacks effects of land-cover change), archaeological research, and nature conservancy (e.g. management strategy). The palaeoecological technique best suited to achieve quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation is pollen analysis. A simulation approach developed by Sugita (the computer model POLLSCAPE) which uses models based on the theory of pollen analysis is presented together with examples of application. POLLSCAPE has been adopted as the central tool for POLLANDCAL (POLlen/LANdscape CALibration), an international research network focusing on this topic. The theory behind models of the pollen-vegetation relationship and POLLSCAPE is reviewed. The two model outputs which receive greatest attention in this paper are the relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) and pollen loading in mires and lakes. Six examples of application of POLLSCAPE are presented, each of which explores a possible use of the POLLANDCAL tools and a means of validating or evaluating the models with empirical data. The landscape and vegetation factors influencing the size of the RSAP, the importance of pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) for the model outputs, the detection of small and rare patches of plant taxa in pollen records, and quantitative reconstructions of past vegetation and landscapes are discussed on the basis of these examples. The simulation approach is seen to be useful both for exploring different vegetation/ landscape scenarios and for refuting hypotheses.
Published: 2008

47. Pollen productivity estimates of key European plant taxa for quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation: a review

Author: Brostrom, Anna, Nielsen, Anne Brigitte, Gaillard, M.J., Hjelle, Kari, Mazier, Florence, Binney, Heather, Bunting, Jane, Fyfe, Ralph, Meltsov, Viveca, Poska, Anneli, Rasanen, Satu, Soepboer, Welmoed, von Stedingk, Henirk, Sugita, Shinya, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Quaternary Geology, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS)-Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, Natural History Collections, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Palaeoecology Laboratory, University of Southampton-University of Southampton, Department of Geography, University of Hull-University of Hull, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Institute of Geology at Tallin University of technology, Institute of Geology at Tallin University of Technology, University of Technology-University of Technology, Department of Geography [Oulu], University of Oulu, Department of Palaeoecology, Utrecht University [Utrecht]-Utrecht University [Utrecht], Department of Forest ecology and Management, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), University of Minnesota System, and Gil, Emilie
Subjects: Pollen productivity estimates (PPE, Herb taxa, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Tree taxa, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Landscape reconstruction algorithm (LRA), Moss polsters, Lake sediments
Abstract: International audience; Information on the spatial distribution of past vegetation on local, regional and global scales is increasingly used within climate modelling, nature conservancy and archaeology. It is possible to obtain such information from fossil pollen records in lakes and bogs using the landscape reconstruction algorithm (LRA) and its two models, REVEALS and LOVE. These models assume that reliable pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) are available for the plant taxa involved in the quantitative reconstruc -tions of past vegetation, and that PPEs are constant through time. This paper presents and discusses the PPEs for 15 tree and 18 herb taxa obtained in nine study areas of Europe. Observed differences in PPEs between regions may be explained by methodological issues and environmental variables, of which climate and related factors such as reproduction strategies and growth forms appear to be the most important. An evaluation of the PPEs at hand so far suggests that they can be used in modelling applications and quantitative reconstructions of pastvegetation, provided that consideration of past environmental variability within the region is used to inform selection of PPEs, and bearing in mind that PPEs might have changed through time as a response to climate change. Application of a range of possible PPEs will allow a better evaluation of the results.
Published: 2008

48. Rotational CARS thermometry at high temperature (1800 K) and high pressure (0.1-1.55 MPa)

Author: Per-Erik Bengtsson, R. Saint-Loup, Fredrik Vestin, Mikael Afzelius, Hubert Berger, Frédéric Chaussard, Department of Combustion Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Laboratoire de Physique de l'Université de Bourgogne (LPUB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de l'Université de Bourgogne ( LPUB ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Relative standard deviation, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Oxygen, Spectral line, Standard deviation, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, combustion diagnostics, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, rotational CARS, Spectroscopy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nitrogen, gas-phase thermometry, High pressure, Excited state, symbols, 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy
Abstract: International audience; Dual-broadband rotational CARS (DB-RCARS) thermometry has been investigated at high temperature and high pressure. Single-shot measurements were performed at 1800 K, in air and nitrogen at pressures up to 1.55 MPa and in oxygen at pressures up to 0.5 MPa. For all conditions, the resonant signal contribution to the spectra clearly dominated over the non-resonant one, implying the high potential for DB-RCARS for temperature and concentration measurements also at the high temperatures and pressures used in the present investigation. The relative standard deviation was generally similar to 2% for single-shot data at pressures from 0.5 to 1.55 MPa. At the investigated temperature, 1800 K, rotational lines from thermally excited vibrational states could be observed in the highly resolved experimental spectra. Using a previously developed weighting procedure applied to these lines, it was demonstrated that the temperature standard deviation could be lowered with as much as 30%.
Published: 2007

49. Broadband attosecond pulse shaping

Author: Ph. Balcou, Marko Swoboda, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Thierry Ruchon, Anne L'Huillier, Thomas Remetter, E. Pourtal, E. Gustafsson, Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), and École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Femtosecond pulse shaping, Materials science, Attosecond, Phase (waves), chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Neon, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, High harmonic generation, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Ti:sapphire laser, Pulse duration, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Pulse shaping, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Amplitude, chemistry, Harmonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Ultrashort pulse, Bandwidth-limited pulse
Abstract: International audience; We use semiconductor (Si) and metallic (Al, Zr) transmission filters to shape, in amplitude and phase, high-order harmonics generated from the interaction of an intense titanium sapphire laser field with a pulsed neon gas target. Depending on the properties of the filter, the emitted attosecond pulses can be optimized in bandwidth and/or pulse length. We demonstrate the generation of attosecond pulses centered at energies from 50 to 80 eV, with bandwidths as large as 45 eV and with pulse durations compressed to 130 as.
Published: 2007

50. Temporal and spectral studies of high-order harmonics generated by polarization-modulated infrared fields

Author: Per Johnsson, Íñigo J. Sola, Anne L'Huillier, Amelle Zaïr, V. V. Strelkov, Eric Cormier, E. Mével, Katalin Varjú, Eric Constant, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Johan Mauritsson, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (GPI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics, Attosecond, Carrier-envelope phase, Pulse duration, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010309 optics, PACS 42.65.Ky, 42.65.Re, 32.80.Rm, Optics, Harmonics, 0103 physical sciences, High harmonic generation, 010306 general physics, business, Bandwidth-limited pulse, Doppler broadening
Abstract: International audience; The temporal confinement of high harmonic generation (HHG) via modulation of the polarization of the fundamental pulse is studied in both temporal and spectral domains. In the temporal domain, a collinear cross-correlation setup using a 40 fs IR pump for the HHG and a 9 fs IR pulse to probe the generated emission is used to measure the XUV pulse duration. The observed temporal confinement is found to be consistent with theoretical predictions. An increased confinement is observed when a 9 fs pulse is used to generate the harmonics. An important spectral broadening, including a continuum background, is also measured. Theoretical calculations show that with 10 fs driving pulses, either one or two main attosecond pulses are created depending on the value of the carrier envelope phase.
Published: 2006

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