Author: "Luís Bento" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Organ crosstalk and dysfunction in sepsis

Author: André Borges and Luís Bento
Subjects: Organ crosstalk, Sepsis, Organ failure, Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to an infection that leads to organ dysfunction. Sepsis-associated organ dysfunction involves multiple inflammatory mechanisms and complex metabolic reprogramming of cellular function. These mechanisms cooperate through multiple organs and systems according to a complex set of long-distance communications mediated by cellular pathways, solutes, and neurohormonal actions. In sepsis, the concept of organ crosstalk involves the dysregulation of one system, which triggers compensatory mechanisms in other systems that can induce further damage. Despite the abundance of studies published on organ crosstalk in the last decade, there is a need to formulate a more comprehensive framework involving all organs to create a more detailed picture of sepsis. In this paper, we review the literature published on organ crosstalk in the last 10 years and explore how these relationships affect the progression of organ failure in patients with septic shock. We explored these relationships in terms of the heart–kidney–lung, gut-microbiome–liver–brain, and adipose tissue–muscle–bone crosstalk in sepsis patients. A deep connection exists among these organs based on crosstalk. We also review how multiple therapeutic interventions administered in intensive care units, such as mechanical ventilation, antibiotics, anesthesia, nutrition, and proton pump inhibitors, affect these systems and must be carefully considered when managing septic patients. The progression to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in sepsis patients is still one of the most frequent causes of death in critically ill patients. A better understanding and monitoring of the mechanics of organ crosstalk will enable the anticipation of organ damage and the development of individualized therapeutic strategies.
Published: 2024
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2. An Interactive Dashboard for Statistical Analysis of Intensive Care Unit COVID-19 Data

Author: Rúben Dias, Artur Ferreira, Iola Pinto, Carlos Geraldes, Cristiana Von Rekowski, and Luís Bento
Subjects: COVID-19, dashboard, data visualization, intensive care unit, Kaplan–Meier survival curves, Lisbon hospitals, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract: Background: COVID-19 caused a pandemic, due to its ease of transmission and high number of infections. The evolution of the pandemic and its consequences for the mortality and morbidity of populations, especially the elderly, generated several scientific studies and many research projects. Among them, we have the Predictive Models of COVID-19 Outcomes for Higher Risk Patients Towards a Precision Medicine (PREMO) research project. For such a project with many data records, it is necessary to provide a smooth graphical analysis to extract value from it. Methods: In this paper, we present the development of a full-stack Web application for the PREMO project, consisting of a dashboard providing statistical analysis, data visualization, data import, and data export. The main aspects of the application are described, as well as the diverse types of graphical representations and the possibility to use filters to extract relevant information for clinical practice. Results: The application, accessible through a browser, provides an interactive visualization of data from patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), throughout the six waves of COVID-19 in two hospitals in Lisbon, Portugal. The analysis can be isolated per wave or can be seen in an aggregated view, allowing clinicians to create many views of the data and to study the behavior and consequences of different waves. For instance, the experimental results show clearly the effect of vaccination as well as the changes on the most relevant clinical parameters on each wave. Conclusions: The dashboard allows clinicians to analyze many variables of each of the six waves as well as aggregated data for all the waves. The application allows the user to extract information and scientific knowledge about COVID-19’s evolution, yielding insights for this pandemic and for future pandemics.
Published: 2024
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3. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital with and without respiratory symptoms

Author: Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Christiana Kartsonaki, Elsa D. Ibáñez-Prada, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Joaquin Baruch, Martina Escher, Mark G. Pritchard, Jia Wei, Fred Philippy, Andrew Dagens, Matthew Hall, James Lee, Demetrios James Kutsogiannis, Evert-Jan Wils, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Prasan Kumar Panda, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Peter Horby, Jake Dunning, Jordi Rello, Laura Merson, Amanda Rojek, Michel Vaillant, Piero Olliaro, Luis Felipe Reyes, S.A. Moharam, Sabriya Abdalasalam, Alaa Abdalfattah Abdalhadi, Naana Reyam Abdalla, Walaa Abdalla, Almthani Hamza Abdalrheem, Ashraf Abdalsalam, Saedah Abdeewi, Esraa Hassan Abdelgaum, Mohamed Abdelhalim, Mohammed Abdelkabir, Israa Abdelrahman, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Lamees Adil Abdulbaqi, Salaheddin Abdulhamid, Widyan Abdulhamid, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Eman Abdulwahed, Rawad Abdunabi, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Ahmed Mohammed Abodina, Amal Abrous, Lara Absil, Kamal Abu Jabal, Nashat Abu Salah, Abdurraouf Abusalama, Tareg Abdallah Abuzaid, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Safia Adem, Manuella Ademnou, Francisca Adewhajah, Diana Adrião, Anthony Afum-Adjei Awuah, Melvin Agbogbatey, Saleh Al Ageel, Aya Mustafa Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Ahmed, Shakeel Ahmed, Zainab Ahmed Alaraji, Abdulrahman Ahmed Elhefnawy Enan, Reham Abdelhamid Ahmed Khalil, Ali Mostafa Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Aisha, Bugila Aisha, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Chika Akwani, Eman Al Qasim, Ahmed Alajeeli, Ahmed Alali, Razi Alalqam, Aliya Mohammed Alameen, Mohammed Al-Aquily, Zinah A. Alaraji, Khalid Albakry, Safa Albatni, Angela Alberti, Osama Aldabbourosama, Tala Al-dabbous, Amer Aldhalia, Abdulkarim Aldoukali, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Asil Alflite, Huda Alfoudri, Qamrah Alhadad, Hoda Salem Alhaddad, Maali Khalid Mohamed Abdalla Alhasan, Ahmad Nabil Alhouri, Hasan Alhouri, Adam Ali, Imran Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed Ali, Syed Ali Abbas, Yomna Ali Abdelghafar, Naseem Ali Sheikh, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Mahmoud Aljadi, Sarah Aljamal, Mohammed Alkahlout, Akram Alkaseek, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Lana Almasri, Abdulrahman Almjersah, Raja Ahmed Alqandouz, Walaa Alrfaea, Moayad Alrifaee, Rawan Alsaadi, Yousef Al-Saba'a, Entisar Alshareea, Eslam Alshenawy, Aneela Altaf, João Melo Alves, João Alves, Rita Alves, Joana Alves Cabrita, Maria Amaral, Amro Essam Amer, Nur Amira, Amos Amoako Adusei, John Amuasi, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Sophia Ankrah, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Sheharyar Ashraf, Abir Ben Ashur, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Grace Assi, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Fouda Atangana, Ahmed Atia, Minahel Atif, Asia Atif Abdelrhman Abdallahrs, Anika Atique, Moad Atlowly, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Abdelmalek Awad Ali Mohammed, Eyvind W. Axelsen, Ared Ayad, Ahmed Ayman Hassan Helmi, Laurène Azemar, Mohammed Azizeldin, Cecile Azoulay, Hakeem Babatunde, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Nadia Baig, John Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Hibah Bileid Bakeer, Ashraf Bakri, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Irene Bandoh, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, AbdAlkarim Batool, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Abigail Beane, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Lamis Berdeweel, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Sandra Bichoka, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, Muhannud Binnawara, Zeno Bisoffi, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Mustapha Bittaye, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Ariel Bolanga, Isabela Bolaños, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonifasius, Joe Bonney, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Latsaniphone Bountthasavong, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, David Brewster, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Helen Brotherton, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Petra Bryda, Nina Buchtele, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Donald Buri, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Joana Cabrita, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Rui Caetano Garcês, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Janice Caoili, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Masaneh Ceesay, Shelby Cerkovnik, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Muge Cevik, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Charlotte Charpentier, Julie Chas, Muhammad Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Léo Chenard, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Danoy Chommanam, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Yock Ping Chow, Ting Soo Chow, Nathaniel Christy, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Jennifer Coles, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Juthaporn Cowan, Rachel Cregan, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, John Arne Dahl, Darren Dahly, Umberto D'Alessandro, Peter Daley, Zaina Dalloul, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Juliana Damas, Joycelyn Dame, Cammandji Damien, Nick Daneman, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Alexandre Delamou, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhangar, Alpha Diallo, Souleymane Taran Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Fernanda Dias Da Silva, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Bakary K. Dibba, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Cedric Djadda, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M. Dondorp, Christl A. Donnelly, Yoann Donohue, Sean Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, Yash Doshi, Phouvieng Douangdala, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Thomas Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Ibrahim Kwaku Duah, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Ada Ebo, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Michael Edelstein, Siobhan Egan, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Khadeja Ehzaz, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Marwan El Sayed, Mohammed Elabid, Mohamed Bashir Elagili, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Mohammad Elbahnasawy, Sohail Elboshra, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Hamida ELMagrahi, Mohammad Muatasm Elmubark, Loubna Elotmani, Lauren Eloundou, Philippine Eloy, Basma Elshaikhy, Tarek Elshazly, Wafa Elsokni, Aml Ahmed Eltayeb, Iqbal Elyazar, Zarief Kamel Emad, Hussein Embarek, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Gervais Eneli, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Haneen Esaadi, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Catarina Espírito Santo, Marina Esposito-Farese, Rachel Essaka, Lorinda Essuman, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Ismaila Fadera, Asgad Osman Abdalla Fadlalla, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Mohamed Fathi, Salem Fatima, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Jorge Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Bernardo Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Thomas Flament, Tom Fletcher, Aline-Marie Florence, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Karen Forrest, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Berline Fotso, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Craig French, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G. Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Abdou Gai, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Adham Mohamed Galal Mohamed Ramadan, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Malak Ghemmeid, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Tristan Gigante, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Brigitta Golács, Jonathan Golob, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Fassou Mathias Grovogui, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Ali Hachemi, Abdurrahman Haddud, Nadir Hadri, Wael Hafez, Fakhir Raza Haidri, Fatima Mhd Rida Hajij, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Shaher Hamdan, Abdelhafeez Hamdi, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L. Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Bato Hammarström, Naomi Hammond, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Matly Hanan, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Sulieman Hasan, Mohammad Ali Nabil Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Amoni Hassan, Ebtisam Hassanin, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ahmed Helmi, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Rodrigo Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Diana Hernandez, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhlin Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Ikram Houas, Mabrouka Houderi, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Mahmood Hussein, Fatima Ibrahim, Bashir Ibran, Samreen Ijaz, M. Arfan Ikram, Carlos Cañada Illana, Patrick Imbert, Muhammad Imran Ansari, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Mariachiara Ippolito, Vera Irawany, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Mette Stausland Istre, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Hamza Jaber, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Abubacarr Jagne, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth Noemí Jorge García, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Armand Saloun Kamano, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Mohamed Karghul, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Kevin Katz, Christy Kay, Lamees Kayyali, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Kalynn Kennon, Sommay Keomany, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Shams Khail, Sarah Khaled, Imrana Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E. Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Muhammad Nasir Khoso, Amin Khuwaja, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Nobuya Kitamura, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R. Knight, Robin Kobbe, Paa Kobina Forson, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Franklina Korkor Abebrese, Volkan Korten, Stephanie Kouba, Mohamed Lamine Kourouma, Karifa Kourouma, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Ali Kredan, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Anneli Krund, Pei Xuan Kuan, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Ama Kwakyewaa Bedu-Addo, Sylvie Kwedi, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Nadhem Lafhej, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Youssef Latifeh, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Jennifer Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Sylvie LeGac, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Tanel Lepik, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Andrew Letizia, Sophie Letrou, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Miles Lunn, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Olavi Maasikas, Moïse Machado, Sara Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Mustafa Magzoub, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Oumou Maiga Ascofare, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Nimisha Abdul Majeed, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Veronika Maráczi, Ceila Maria Sant′Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Laura Marsh, Brian Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, F. Eduardo Martinez, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martín-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Fatma Masoud, Moise Massoma, Palmer Masumbe, Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Christina Mathew, Mathieu Mattei, Laurence Maulin, Juergen May, Javier Maynar, Mayfong Mayxay, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Naina McCann, Peter McCanny, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Nastia Medombou, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Ali Memon, João João Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Duha Milad Abdullah, Jennene Miller, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Nouralsabah Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Alaa Mohamed Ads, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed Abdelhalim, Libya Mohammed, Shrouk Fawze Mohammed Mostafa, Manahil Omer Abdelrahman Mohammedahmed, Omer Abdullah Mohammedelhassan, Asma Moin, Walaa Mokhtar, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Marwa Morgom, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Suleiman Haitham Mualla, Mohamed Muftah, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Mo'nes Muhaisen, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb Ali, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Patrick Murray, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Alamin Mustafa, Mus'ab Mustafa, Dana Mustafa, Himasha Muvindi, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Behzad Nadjm, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Blanka Nagybányai-Nagy, Herwin Nanda Boudoin, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Prashant Nasa, Rashid Nasim Khan, Ahmad Nasrallah, Adel Gerges Nassif Metri, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita Nekliudov, Matthew Nelder, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Wing Yiu Ng, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Nerissa Niba, Alistair D. Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Anita North, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Leonard Numfor, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Fionnuala O. Brien, Annmarie O. Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Lawrence Ofori-Boadu, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Sally-Ann Ohene, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Cinderella Omar Rageh Elnaggar, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed Omer, Pierre Ondobo, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Mohamed Osama Elsayed Soliman, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Eman Othman, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Micheal Owusu, Ama Akyampomaa Owusu-Asare, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Sandra L. Peake, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Michele Petrovic, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Richard Odame Philips, Ooyanong Phonemixay, Soulichanya Phoutthavong, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Chiara Piubelli, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Viladeth Praphasiri, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Peter Puplampu, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Fadi Qutishat, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Abdelrahman Ragab, Mutia Rahardjani, Arslan Rahat Ullah, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, José Ramalho, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Muhammad Osama Rehman Khalid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Ana L. Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, Charles Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Anna Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Jr., Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Patrick Rossignol, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Abdurraouf Said, Nadia Saidani, Pranya Sakiyalak, Fodé Bangaly Sako, Moamen Salah, Ali Alaa Salah Eldin Mohamed Abbas, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Mohammed Saleh Alyasiri, Talat Ahmed Abu Salem, Gabriele Sales, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Dana Samardali, Shaden Samardali, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly Orabi, Emely Sanchez, Olivier Sanchez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Săndulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, János Schnur, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Hamza Shahla, Laila Shalabi, Haitam Shames, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, John Robert Sheenan, Dr. Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Rohan Shetty, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Moses Siaw-Frimpong, Jeanne Sibiude, Bountoy Sibounheuang, Nidhal Siddig, Atif Siddiqui, Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Fatoumata Sillah, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Mahendra Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Lene Bergendal Solberg, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Arne Søraas, Albert Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Mamadou Saliou Sow, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Geoff Strong, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Richa Su, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Atie Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Augustina Sylverken, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Sara Taleb, Cheikh Talla, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Yousef Tarek Kamal Mostafa, Ali Tarhabat, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Elmi Theron, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Niamh Thompson, Shaun Thompson, Emma C. Thomson, David Thomson, Mathew Thorpe, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S. Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Fiona Toal, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Marta Torre, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Aboubacar Tounkara, Michael Towers, Fodé Amara Traoré, Tony Trapani, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Alexis F. Turgeon, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Effua Usuf, Timothy M. Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Laura Walsh, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Hassi Wesam, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Sue Willems, Bailey Williams, Patricia J. Williams, Virginie Williams, Jessica Wittman, Calvin Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Lim Saio Xian, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Elizabeth Yarad, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Abdelrahman Yehia Mahmoud Abdelaal, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Touxiong Yiaye, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Gustavo E. Zabert, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, and David Zucman
Subjects: COVID-19, Non-respiratory symptoms, Respiratory symptoms, Risk factors, Mortality, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory illness; however, many patients present to hospital without respiratory symptoms. The association between non-respiratory presentations of COVID-19 and outcomes remains unclear. We investigated risk factors and clinical outcomes in patients with no respiratory symptoms (NRS) and respiratory symptoms (RS) at hospital admission. Methods: This study describes clinical features, physiological parameters, and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients, stratified by the presence or absence of respiratory symptoms at hospital admission. RS patients had one or more of: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose or wheezing; while NRS patients did not. Results: Of 178,640 patients in the study, 86.4 % presented with RS, while 13.6 % had NRS. NRS patients were older (median age: NRS: 74 vs RS: 65) and less likely to be admitted to the ICU (NRS: 36.7 % vs RS: 37.5 %). NRS patients had a higher crude in-hospital case-fatality ratio (NRS 41.1 % vs. RS 32.0 %), but a lower risk of death after adjusting for confounders (HR 0.88 [0.83–0.93]). Conclusion: Approximately one in seven COVID-19 patients presented at hospital admission without respiratory symptoms. These patients were older, had lower ICU admission rates, and had a lower risk of in-hospital mortality after adjusting for confounders.
Published: 2024
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4. Discovery of Delirium Biomarkers through Minimally Invasive Serum Molecular Fingerprinting

Author: Ana Viegas, Rúben Araújo, Luís Ramalhete, Cristiana Von Rekowski, Tiago A. H. Fonseca, Luís Bento, and Cecília R. C. Calado
Subjects: delirium, biomarkers, FTIR spectroscopy, serum, omics, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: Delirium presents a significant clinical challenge, primarily due to its profound impact on patient outcomes and the limitations of the current diagnostic methods, which are largely subjective. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this challenge was intensified as the frequency of delirium assessments decreased in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), even as the prevalence of delirium among critically ill patients increased. The present study evaluated how the serum molecular fingerprint, as acquired by Fourier-Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy, can enable the development of predictive models for delirium. A preliminary univariate analysis of serum FTIR spectra indicated significantly different bands between 26 ICU patients with delirium and 26 patients without, all of whom were admitted with COVID-19. However, these bands resulted in a poorly performing Naïve-Bayes predictive model. Considering the use of a Fast-Correlation-Based Filter for feature selection, it was possible to define a new set of spectral bands with a wider coverage of molecular functional groups. These bands ensured an excellent Naïve-Bayes predictive model, with an AUC, a sensitivity, and a specificity all exceeding 0.92. These spectral bands, acquired through a minimally invasive analysis and obtained rapidly, economically, and in a high-throughput mode, therefore offer significant potential for managing delirium in critically ill patients.
Published: 2024
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5. Simplifying Data Analysis in Biomedical Research: An Automated, User-Friendly Tool

Author: Rúben Araújo, Luís Ramalhete, Ana Viegas, Cristiana P. Von Rekowski, Tiago A. H. Fonseca, Cecília R. C. Calado, and Luís Bento
Subjects: biomedical research, machine learning, LLM models, high dimensional data analysis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Robust data normalization and analysis are pivotal in biomedical research to ensure that observed differences in populations are directly attributable to the target variable, rather than disparities between control and study groups. ArsHive addresses this challenge using advanced algorithms to normalize populations (e.g., control and study groups) and perform statistical evaluations between demographic, clinical, and other variables within biomedical datasets, resulting in more balanced and unbiased analyses. The tool’s functionality extends to comprehensive data reporting, which elucidates the effects of data processing, while maintaining dataset integrity. Additionally, ArsHive is complemented by A.D.A. (Autonomous Digital Assistant), which employs OpenAI’s GPT-4 model to assist researchers with inquiries, enhancing the decision-making process. In this proof-of-concept study, we tested ArsHive on three different datasets derived from proprietary data, demonstrating its effectiveness in managing complex clinical and therapeutic information and highlighting its versatility for diverse research fields.
Published: 2024
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6. Cholesteryl hemiazelate identified in CVD patients causes in vitro and in vivo inflammation

Author: Neuza Domingues, Joana Gaifem, Rune Matthiesen, Diana P. Saraiva, Luís Bento, André R.A. Marques, Maria I.L. Soares, Julio Sampaio, Christian Klose, Michal A. Surma, Manuel S. Almeida, Gustavo Rodrigues, Pedro Araújo Gonçalves, Jorge Ferreira, Ryan Gouveia e Melo, Luís Mendes Pedro, Kai Simons, Teresa M.V.D. Pinho e Melo, M. Guadalupe Cabral, Antonio Jacinto, Ricardo Silvestre, Winchil Vaz, and Otília V. Vieira
Subjects: cholesteryl hemiesters, cholesteryl hemiazelates, lipidomics, innate inflammatory responses, atherosclerosis, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract: Oxidation of PUFAs in LDLs trapped in the arterial intima plays a critical role in atherosclerosis. Though there have been many studies on the atherogenicity of oxidized derivatives of PUFA-esters of cholesterol, the effects of cholesteryl hemiesters (ChEs), the oxidation end products of these esters, have not been studied. Through lipidomics analyses, we identified and quantified two ChE types in the plasma of CVD patients and identified four ChE types in human endarterectomy specimens. Cholesteryl hemiazelate (ChA), the ChE of azelaic acid (n-nonane-1,9-dioic acid), was the most prevalent ChE identified in both cases. Importantly, human monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, and neutrophils exhibit inflammatory features when exposed to subtoxic concentrations of ChA in vitro. ChA increases the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 and modulates the surface-marker profile of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophage. In vivo, when zebrafish larvae were fed with a ChA-enriched diet, they exhibited neutrophil and macrophage accumulation in the vasculature in a caspase 1- and cathepsin B-dependent manner. ChA also triggered lipid accumulation at the bifurcation sites of the vasculature of the zebrafish larvae and negatively impacted their life expectancy. We conclude that ChA behaves as an endogenous damage-associated molecular pattern with inflammatory and proatherogenic properties.
Published: 2023
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7. The Characteristics and Laboratory Findings of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients during the First Three COVID-19 Waves in Portugal—A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Author: Cristiana P. Von Rekowski, Tiago A. H. Fonseca, Rúben Araújo, Carlos Brás-Geraldes, Cecília R. C. Calado, Luís Bento, and Iola Pinto
Subjects: coronavirus disease 2019, intensive care unit, mortality, blood biomarkers, coronavirus disease 2019 waves, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Given the wide spectrum of clinical and laboratory manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is imperative to identify potential contributing factors to patients’ outcomes. However, a limited number of studies have assessed how the different waves affected the progression of the disease, more so in Portugal. Therefore, our main purpose was to study the clinical and laboratory patterns of COVID-19 in an unvaccinated population admitted to the intensive care unit, identifying characteristics associated with death, in each of the first three waves of the pandemic. Materials and Methods: This study included 337 COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a single-center hospital in Lisbon, Portugal, between March 2020 and March 2021. Comparisons were made between three COVID-19 waves, in the second (n = 325) and seventh (n = 216) days after admission, and between discharged and deceased patients. Results: Deceased patients were considerably older (p = 0.021) and needed greater ventilatory assistance (p = 0.023), especially in the first wave. Differences between discharged and deceased patients’ biomarkers were minimal in the first wave, on both analyzed days. In the second wave significant differences emerged in troponins, lactate dehydrogenase, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and white blood cell subpopulations, as well as platelet-to-lymphocyte and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, in the third wave, platelets and D-dimers were also significantly different between patients’ groups (all p < 0.05). From the second to the seventh days, troponins and lactate dehydrogenase showed significant decreases, mainly for discharged patients, while platelet counts increased (all p < 0.01). Lymphocytes significantly increased in discharged patients (all p < 0.05), while white blood cells rose in the second (all p < 0.001) and third (all p < 0.05) waves among deceased patients. Conclusions: This study yields insights into COVID-19 patients’ characteristics and mortality-associated biomarkers during Portugal’s first three COVID-19 waves, highlighting the importance of considering wave variations in future research due to potential significant outcome differences.
Published: 2023
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8. Pancreatic stone protein as a biomarker of sepsis

Author: Diogo Lopes, Beatriz Chumbinho, João Pedro Bandovas, Pedro Faria, Catarina Espírito Santo, Bernardo Ferreira, Luis Val-Flores, Rui Pereira, Nuno Germano, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Published: 2022
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9. Candida auris in Intensive Care Setting: The First Case Reported in Portugal

Author: João Henriques, Verónica Mixão, Joana Cabrita, Tiago Isidoro Duarte, Tânia Sequeira, Sofia Cardoso, Nuno Germano, Liliana Dias, Luís Bento, Sílvia Duarte, Cristina Veríssimo, João Paulo Gomes, and Raquel Sabino
Subjects: Candida auris, antifungal resistance, whole-genome sequencing, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Candida auris is an opportunistic human pathogen that has rapidly spread to multiple countries and continents and has been associated with a high number of nosocomial outbreaks. Herein, we report the first case of C. auris in Portugal, which was associated with a patient transferred from Angola to an ICU in Portugal for liver transplantation after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. C. auris was isolated during the course of bronchoalveolar lavage, and it was subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequence analysis. This isolate presents low susceptibility to azoles and belongs to the genetic clade III with a phylogenetic placement close to African isolates. Although clade III has already been reported in Europe, taking into account the patient’s clinical history, we cannot discard the possibility that the patient’s colonization/infection occurred in Angola, prior to admission in the Portuguese hospital. Considering that C. auris is a fungal pathogen referenced by WHO as a critical priority, this case reinforces the need for continuous surveillance in a hospital setting.
Published: 2023
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10. Is the efficacy of remdesivir so different from that of lopinavir-ritonavir in severe COVID-19? The answer by real time-PCR: a narrative review

Author: Tiago Isidoro Duarte, Cesar Vieira, Carlos Pimentel, Mariana Cascão, Marta Torre, Joaquim Santos-Lima, Tânia Sequeira, Nuno Germano, Rita Corte-Real, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: This letter discusses the efficacy of current antiviral therapy used in severe COVID-19 infection. Since the first severe cases were documented, several antiviral options have been studied as adjuncts to standard supportive care [1, 2]. Firstly, the combination of lopinavir–ritonavir resurrected from SARS and MERS outbreaks and soon abandoned after the publication of several trials like the randomized controlled trial RECOVERY, which concluded that it was not associated with reductions in 28-day mortality, duration of hospital stay, or risk of progression to invasive mechanical ventilation or death [3]. Remdesivir is currently the only antiviral agent approved for the treatment of COVID-19. It is recommended for use in hospitalized patients who require supplemental oxygen. However, it is not routinely recommended for patients who require mechanical ventilation due to the lack of data showing any benefit at this advanced stage of the disease [4–6].
Published: 2021
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11. Prognostic significance of specific EEG patterns after cardiac arrest in a Lisbon Cohort

Author: Beatriz Guedes, Manuel Manita, Ana Rita Peralta, Ana Catarina Franco, Luís Bento, and Carla Bentes
Subjects: Cardiac Arrest, Outcome, EEG Pattern, Highly Malignant, Malignant, Benign, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate if EEG patterns considered highly malignant are reliable predictors not only of poor neurological outcome but also reliable predictors of death. Methods: Retrospectively, EEGs from Cardiac Arrest (CA) patients of two teaching hospitals in Lisbon were classified into 3 groups: highly malignant, malignant, and benign groups. Outcome was assessed at 6 months after CA by CPC (Cerebral Performance Categories) scale. We evaluated the accuracy of these patterns to predict poor neurological outcome and death. Results: We included 106 patients for analysis. All patients with a highly malignant EEG (n = 37) presented a poor neurological outcome. Those patterns were also associated with death. Malignant EEG patterns were not associated with poor neurological outcome. Benign EEG patterns were associated with good neurological recovery (p
Published: 2020
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12. Access to Intensive Care Unit Care for Elderly Patients with COVID-19 in Portugal

Author: Filipe S. Cardoso, André Borges, Isabel Botelho, André Real, Ana C. Araújo, Guilherme Domingos, Rui Pereira, Rui Moreno, Luís Bento, and Nuno Germano
Subjects: covid-19, access to healthcare, elderly, portugal, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published: 2020
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13. Hipotermia terapêutica após parada cardíaca: preditores de prognóstico

Author: Rodrigo Nazário Leão, Paulo Ávila, Raquel Cavaco, Nuno Germano, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Hipotermia induzida, Parada cardíaca, Ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, Neuroenolase específica, Hipóxia-isquemia encefálica, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Resumo Objetivo: A determinação do prognóstico de pacientes em coma após parada cardíaca tem implicações clínicas, éticas e sociais. Exame neurológico, marcadores de imagem e bioquímicos são ferramentas úteis e bem aceitas na previsão da recuperação. Com o advento da hipotermia terapêutica, tais informações devem de ser confirmadas. Neste estudo procurou-se determinar a validade de diferentes marcadores que podem ser utilizados na detecção de pacientes com mau prognóstico durante um protocolo de hipotermia. Métodos: Foram coletados prospectivamente os dados de pacientes adultos, internados após parada cardíaca em nossa unidade de terapia intensiva para realização de protocolo de hipotermia. Nosso intuito foi realizar um estudo descritivo e analítico para analisar a relação entre os dados clínicos, parâmetros neurofisiológicos, de imagem e bioquímicos, e o desfecho após 6 meses, conforme definido pela escala Cerebral Performance Categories (bom, se 1-2, e mau, se 3-5). Foi coletada uma amostra para determinação de neuroenolase após 72 horas. Os exames de imagem e neurofisiológicos foram realizados 24 horas após o período de reaquecimento. Resultados: Foram incluídos 67 pacientes, dos quais 12 tiveram evolução neurológica favorável. Fibrilação ventricular e atividade teta no eletroencefalograma se associaram a bom prognóstico. Pacientes submetidos a resfriamento mais rápido (tempo médio de 163 versus 312 minutos), com lesão cerebral causada por hipóxia/isquemia detectada na ressonância nuclear magnética ou níveis de neuroenolase superiores a 58ng/mL se associaram a desfecho neurológico desfavorável (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A presença de lesão cerebral causada por hipóxia/isquemia e de neuroenolase foram fortes preditores de má evolução neurológica. Apesar da crença de que atingir rapidamente a temperatura alvo da hipotermia melhora o prognóstico neurológico, nosso estudo demonstrou que este fator se associou a um aumento da mortalidade e a uma pior evolução neurológica.
Published: 2015
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14. Será choque séptico? Um caso raro de choque distributivo

Author: Luis Silva Val-Flores, Alberto Fior, Ana Santos, Luís Reis, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Permeabilidade capilar, Hipotensão, Choque séptico, Hemoconcentração, Edema, Relatos de casos, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Os autores apresentam um caso raro de choque em doente sem antecedentes pessoais significativos, admitido na unidade de terapia intensiva por suspeita de choque séptico. Inicialmente, foi tratado com fluidoterapia sem melhoria, tendo sido aventada a hipótese de síndrome de hiperpermeabilidade capilar, após confirmação de hipoalbulinemia paradoxal grave, hipotensão e hemoconcentração exuberante - tríade característica da doença. Os autores discutiram o diagnóstico diferencial e ainda realizaram uma revisão do diagnóstico e do tratamento da doença.
Published: 2014
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15. Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Portuguese Single-Center Reference Review

Author: Miguel Verdelho, Rui Perdigoto, João Machado, Élia Mateus, Paulo Marcelino, Rui Pereira, Philip Fortuna, Luís Bagulho, Luís Bento, Francisco Ribeiro, Fernando Nolasco, Américo Martins, and Eduardo Barroso
Subjects: Acute-on-chronic liver failure, Hepatic transplant, Multi-organ failure, Acute kidney injury, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome characterized by an acute deterioration of a patient with cirrhosis, frequently associated with multi-organ failure and a high short-term mortality rate. We present a retrospective study that aims to characterize the presentation, evolution, and outcome of patients diagnosed with ACLF at our center over the last 3 years, with a comparative analysis between the group of patients that had ACLF precipitated by infectious insults of bacterial origin and the group of those with ACLF triggered by a nonbacterial infectious insult; the incidence of acute kidney injury and its impact on the prognosis of ACLF was also analyzed. Twenty-nine patients were enrolled, the majority of them being male (89.6%), and the mean age was 53 years. Fourteen patients (48.3%) developed ACLF due to a bacterial infectious event, and 9 of them died (64.2%, overall mortality rate 31%); however, no statistical significance was found (p p p p p p Conclusions: ACLF is a heterogeneous syndrome with a variety of precipitant factors and different grades of extrahepatic involvement. Most cases will have some degree of renal dysfunction, with an increased risk of mortality. Hepatic transplant is an efficient form of therapy for this syndrome.
Published: 2017
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16. Predicting Outcome after Cardiopulmonary Arrest in Therapeutic Hypothermia Patients: Clinical, Electrophysiological and Imaging Prognosticators

Author: Bruno Maia, Rafael Roque, Alexandre Amaral-Silva, Sónia Lourenço, Luís Bento, and João Alcântara
Subjects: Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Introduction: Predicting outcome in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest is based on data validated by guidelines that were established before the era of therapeutic hypothermia. We sought to evaluate the predictive value of clinical, electrophysiological and imaging data on patients submitted to therapeutic hypothermia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients receiving therapeutic hypothermia during years 2010 and 2011 was made. Neurological examination, somatosensory evoked potentials, auditory evoked potentials, electroencephalography and brain magnetic resonance imaging were obtained during the first 72 hours. Glasgow Outcome Scale at 6 months, dichotomized into bad outcome (grades 1 and 2) and good outcome (grades 3, 4 and 5), was defined as the primary outcome. Results: A total of 26 patients were studied. Absent pupillary light reflex, absent corneal and oculocephalic reflexes, absent N20 responses on evoked potentials and myoclonic status epilepticus showed no false-positives in predicting bad outcome. A malignant electroencephalographic pattern was also associated with a bad outcome (p = 0.05), with no false-positives. Two patients with a good outcome showed motor responses no better than extension (false-positive rate of 25%, p = 0.008) within 72 hours, both of them requiring prolonged sedation. Imaging findings of brain ischemia did not correlate with outcome. Discussion: Absent pupillary, corneal and oculocephalic reflexes, absent N20 responses and a malignant electroencephalographic pattern all remain accurate predictors of poor outcome in cardiac arrest patients submitted to therapeutic hypothermia. Conclusion: Prolonged sedation beyond the hypothermia period may confound prediction strength of motor responses.
Published: 2013
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17. Resposta para: Hipotermia terapêutica após parada cardíaca: preditores de prognóstico

Author: Rodrigo Nazário Leão, Paulo Ávila, Raquel Cavaco, Nuno Germano, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
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18. Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Author: Kartsonaki, Christiana, Baillie, J Kenneth, Barrio, Noelia García, Baruch, Joaquín, Beane, Abigail, Blumberg, Lucille, Bozza, Fernando, Broadley, Tessa, Burrell, Aidan, Carson, Gail, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Dagens, Andrew, Dankwa, Emmanuelle A, Donnelly, Christl A, Dunning, Jake, Elotmani, Loubna, Escher, Martina, Farshait, Nataly, Goffard, Jean-Christophe, Gonçalves, Bronner P, Hall, Matthew, Hashmi, Madiha, Sim Lim Heng, Benedict, Ho, Antonia, Jassat, Waasila, Pedrera Jiménez, Miguel, Laouenan, Cedric, Lissauer, Samantha, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Mentré, France, Merson, Laura, Morton, Ben, Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Nichol, Alistair D, Singh Oinam, Budha Charan, Ong, David, Panda, Prasan Kumar, Petrovic, Michele, Pritchard, Mark G, Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan, Ramos, Grazielle Viana, Roger, Claire, Sandulescu, Oana, Semple, Malcolm G, Sharma, Pratima, Sigfrid, Louise, Somers, Emily C, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Taccone, Fabio, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Bharath, Wei, Jia, Wils, Evert-Jan, Ci Wong, Xin, Horby, Peter, Rojek, Amanda, Olliaro, Piero L, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Adam Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, Rita Alves, João Melo Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andréjak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Muhammad Ashraf, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, A M Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Patrick Breen, Dorothy Breen, Kathy Brickell, Shaunagh Browne, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Sofia Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Filipa Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Allegra Chatterjee, Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Emma Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Perren J Cobb, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Cosimo Cristella, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Menno de Jong, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhanger, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Maria Donnelly, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Chloe Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Marc Fabre, Isabelle Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Laura Feeney, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Sílvia Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Benigno Ferreira, Ricard Ferrer-Roca, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Juan Fiorda, Thomas Flament, Clara Flateau, Tom Fletcher, Letizia Lucia Florio, Deirdre Flynn, Claire Foley, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Erwan Fourn, Robert A Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, John F Fraser, Christophe Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Nathalie Gault, Aisling Gavin, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jin Yi Goh, Jonathan Golob, Rui Gomes, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Christopher A Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Amy Hackmann, Nadir Hadri, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhilin Higgins, Dawn Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Stella Huo, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Aftab Imtiaz, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Victoria Janes, Pierre Jaquet, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N Jorge García, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Hanna Jung, Anna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Paul Kambiya, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Claire Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Andrea Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Amin Khawaja, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E Kho, Saye Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Denisa Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Teresa Lawrence, Cassie Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Todd C Lee, James Lee, Jennifer Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Biing Horng Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Gary Leeming, Laurent Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Wei Shen Lim, Kah Chuan Lim, Chantre Lima, Lim Lina, Bruno Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Jose W Lopez-Revilla, Anthony L Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Hashmi Madiha, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Daniel Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, João Martins, Ana Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Thierry Mazzoni, Natalie Mc Evoy, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Anne McCarthy, Aine McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, Alexander J Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Asma Moin, David Molina, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Shona C Moore, Sarah Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Caroline Mudara, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Syed Muneeb, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Lorna Murphy, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Himasha Muvindi, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Pauline Yeung Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Mario Palacios, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Briseida Parra, Taha Pasha, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Juliette Patrier, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Mical Paul, Christelle Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Luis Periel, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Scott Pharand, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Carola Pierobon, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Riinu Pius, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Jolanta Popielska, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Oriane Puéchal, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Gabrielle Ragazzo, Mutia Rahardjani, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Arsalan Rahutullah, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Liadain Reid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jordi Rello, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tiago Reyes, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Jordi Riera, Ana L Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Nicholas Rizer, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, David L Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Pierre-Marie Roger, Emmanuel Roilides, Juliette Romaru, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Nurul Hidayah Mohammad Roslan, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D Russell, Maria Ryan, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Pranya Sakiyalak, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Gabriele Sales, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Olivier Sanchez, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Brendan Scicluna, Janet T Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Caroline Semaille, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohammad Shamsah, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Catherine A Shaw, Victoria Shaw, Ashraf Sheharyar, Rohan Shetty, Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Haixia Shi, Nisreen Shiban, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Hiroaki Shimizu, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Jeanne Sibiude, Atif Siddiqui, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Rogério Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Punam Singh, Budha Charan Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Agnès Sommet, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Marta Sousa, Ana Chora Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B P Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, David Stuart, Ami Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y Suen, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Taku Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, Emma C Thomson, David Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Margarida Torres, Antoni Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Théo Treoux, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C W Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, P G Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Timothy M Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld Van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, 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Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Nichol, Alistair D, Singh Oinam, Budha Charan, Ong, David, Panda, Prasan Kumar, Petrovic, Michele, Pritchard, Mark G, Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan, Ramos, Grazielle Viana, Roger, Claire, Sandulescu, Oana, Semple, Malcolm G, Sharma, Pratima, Sigfrid, Louise, Somers, Emily C, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Taccone, Fabio, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Bharath, Wei, Jia, Wils, Evert-Jan, Ci Wong, Xin, Horby, Peter, Rojek, Amanda, Olliaro, Piero L, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Adam Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, Rita Alves, João Melo Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andréjak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Muhammad Ashraf, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, A M Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Patrick Breen, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, Kathy Brickell, Shaunagh Browne, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Sofia Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Filipa Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Allegra Chatterjee, Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Emma Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Perren J Cobb, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Cosimo Cristella, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Menno de Jong, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhanger, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Maria Donnelly, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Chloe Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle 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Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Himasha Muvindi, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Pauline Yeung Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne 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Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C W Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, P G Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Timothy M Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld Van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Frank van Someren Greve, Ilonka van Veen, Hugo Van Willigen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Pooja Varghese, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, James Vickers, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Joy Ann Villanueva, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, T Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Suzette Willems, Virginie Williams, Calvin Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, David Zucman, University of Oxford, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), This work was made possible by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Wellcome (215091/Z/18/Z, 205228/Z/16/Z, 220757/Z/20/Z), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1209135), UK Medical Research Council Clinical Research Training Fellowship (MR/V001671/1), the philanthropic support of the donors to the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 Research Response Fund, CIHR Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity (OV2170359) and the co-ordination in Canada by Sunnybrook Research Institute, endorsement of the Irish Critical Care—Clinical Trials Group, co-ordination in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care—Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funding by the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN-2014–12), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research (RECOVER) (H2020 project 101003589) and European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (ECRAID) (965313), the COVID clinical management team, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India, the COVID-19 Clinical Management team, Manipal Hospital Whitefield, Bengaluru, India, Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the dedication and hard work of the Groote Schuur Hospital Covid ICU Team, support by the Groote Schuur nursing and University of Cape Town registrar bodies co-ordinated by the Division of Critical Care at the University of Cape Town, the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the University of Oxford, the dedication and hard work of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 study team, the Research Council of Norway (grant no. 312780) and a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner, Imperial NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the Comprehensive Local Research Networks of which PJMO is an NIHR Senior Investigator (NIHR201385), Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No. 115523 COMBACTE, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007– 2013) and EFPIA companies, in-kind contribution, the French COVID cohort (NCT04262921) is sponsored by INSERM and is funded by the REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and by a grant of the French Ministry of Health (PHRC n 20–0424), Stiftungsfonds zur Förderung der Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose und anderer Lungenkrankheiten of the City of Vienna (project no. APCOV22BGM), Italian Ministry of Health ‘Fondi Ricerca corrente–L1P6’ to IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria, Australian Department of Health grant (3273191), Gender Equity Strategic Fund at University of Queensland, Artificial Intelligence for Pandemics (A14PAN) at University of Queensland, the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS, CE170100009), the Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Australia, grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Spain, Brazil, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (scholarship no. 303953/2018–7), the Firland Foundation, Shoreline, Washington, USA, a grant from foundation Bevordering Onderzoek Franciscus, the South Eastern Norway Health Authority and the Research Council of Norway, and preparedness work conducted by the Short PeRiod IncideNce sTudy of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection. Data and Material provision was supported by grants from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR, award CO-CIN-01), the Medical Research Council (MRC, and grant MC_PC_19059) and by the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with PHE (award no. 200907), NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award no. 200927), Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant no. C18616/A25153), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award no. IS-BRC-1215–20013) and NIHR Clinical Research Network providing infrastructure support.
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, MESH: Hospitalization, MESH: Proportional Hazards Models, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, MESH: Child, cohort study, MESH: COVID-19, Humans, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, Child, Proportional Hazards Models, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, risk of death, General Medicine, Middle Aged, co-morbidities, symptoms, treatments, MESH: Male, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, MESH: Intensive Care Units, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, COVID-19/therapy
Abstract: Background We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death.
Published: 2023

19. Cholesteryl hemiazelate Identified in Cardiovascular Disease Patients Causesin vitroandin vivoInflammation

Author: Neuza Domingues, Joana Gaifem, Rune Matthiesen, Diana P. Saraiva, Luís Bento, André R.A. Marques, Maria I. L. Soares, Julio Sampaio, Christian Klose, Michal A. Surma, Manuel S. Almeida, Gustavo Rodrigues, Pedro Araújo Gonçalves, Jorge Ferreira, Ryan Gouveia e Melo, Luís Mendes Pedro, Kai Simons, Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo, M. Guadalupe Cabral, Antonio Jacinto, Ricardo Silvestre, Winchil Vaz, and Otília V. Vieira
Abstract: Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) trapped in the arterial intima plays a critical role in atherosclerosis. Though there have been many studies on the atherogenicity of oxidized derivatives of unsaturated fatty acid esters of cholesterol, the effects of the oxidation end-products of these esters has been ignored in the literature.Through lipidomics analyses of the plasma of cardiovascular disease patients and human endarterectomy specimens we identified and quantified cholesteryl hemiesters (ChE), end-products of oxidation of polyunsaturated-fatty acid esters of cholesterol. Cholesteryl hemiazelate (ChA) was the most prevalent ChE identified. Importantly human monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and neutrophils exhibit inflammatory features when exposed to sub-toxic concentrations of ChAin vitro. ChA increases the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6 and modulates the surface markers profile of monocytes and MDM.In vivo, when zebrafish larvae were fed with a ChA-enriched diet they exhibited neutrophil and macrophage accumulation in the vasculature in a caspase 1- and cathepsin B-dependent manner. ChA also triggered lipid accumulation at the bifurcation sites of the vasculature of the zebrafish larvae and negatively impacted their life expectancy.We conclude that ChA has pro-atherogenic properties and can be considered part of a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) in the development of atherosclerosis.
Published: 2023

20. Cytokine Adsorption Therapy during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adult Patients with COVID-19

Author: Simão C Rodeia, Philip Fortuna, Francisca Lopes Martins, and Luís Bento
Subjects: medicine.medical_treatment, Case Report, Systemic inflammation, Blood purification, Hypoxemia, Cytokine release syndrome, medicine, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Interleukin 6, biology, Interleukin-6, business.industry, COVID-19, Hematology, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Respiratory failure, Nephrology, Anesthesia, Shock (circulatory), biology.protein, Biomarker (medicine), medicine.symptom, business, Hemoadsorption
Abstract: Respiratory failure and systemic inflammation are paramount features of severe SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy has a potential role in patients with refractory disease. An inflammatory response due to blood contact with hemofilters, functioning as a synergic inflammatory stimulus, can lead to a hyperinflammatory state, relatable to cytokine release syndromes. After the first patient succumbed to a refractory vasodilatory shock believed to be due to hyperinflammatory state, a strategy of blood purification through cytokine adsorption therapy (CAT) with CytoSorb® was designed. In this case series, the authors describe the initial experience with such strategy. CAT was employed with no direct complications and helped controlling the inflammatory state, with all patients halting vasopressor support in 72 h and biomarker levels (C-reactive protein, ferritin, and interleukin-6) showing negative trends in most patients. Analysis of inflammatory biomarkers evolution highlighted 2 biomarker profiles related to the presence or absence of superinfection at the time of CAT implementation. In this case series of severe COVID-19 patients, 3 patients died – irreversible lung fibrosis, complications of critical hypoxemia before ECMO induction and complications of systemic anticoagulation were the causes. This case series aimed to contribute to the body of evidence substantiating CAT utilization in hyperinflammatory patients, namely, COVID-19 patients requiring ECMO rescue.
Published: 2021

21. Author response for 'Symptom‐based case definitions for COVID‐19: Time and geographical variations for detection at hospital admission among 260,000 patients'

Author: null Joaquin Baruch, null Amanda Rojek, null Christiana Kartsonaki, null Bharath K. T. Vijayaraghavan, null Bronner P. Gonçalves, null Mark G. Pritchard, null Laura Merson, null Jake Dunning, null Matthew Hall, null Louise Sigfrid, null Barbara W. Citarella, null Srinivas Murthy, null Trokon O. Yeabah, null Piero Olliaro, null Ali Abbas, null Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, null Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, null Ryuzo Abe, null Laurent Abel, null Lara Absil, null Subhash Acharya, null Andrew Acker, null Elisabeth Adam, null Diana Adrião, null Saleh Al Ageel, null Shakeel Ahmed, null Kate Ainscough, null Eka Airlangga, null Tharwat Aisa, null Ali Ait Hssain, null Younes Ait Tamlihat, null Takako Akimoto, null Ernita Akmal, null Eman Al Qasim, null Razi Alalqam, null Angela Alberti, null Tala Al‐dabbous, null Senthilkumar Alegesan, null Cynthia Alegre, null Marta Alessi, null Beatrice Alex, null Kévin Alexandre, null Abdulrahman Al‐Fares, null Huda Alfoudri, null Imran Ali, null Adam Ali, null Naseem Ali Shah, null Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, null Jeffrey Aliudin, null Qabas Alkhafajee, null Clotilde Allavena, null Nathalie Allou, null Aneela Altaf, null João Alves, null Rita Alves, null João Melo Alves, null Maria Amaral, null Nur Amira, null Phoebe Ampaw, null Roberto Andini, null Claire Andréjak, null Andrea Angheben, null François Angoulvant, null Séverine Ansart, null Sivanesen Anthonidass, null Massimo Antonelli, null Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, null Ardiyan Apriyana, null Yaseen Arabi, null Irene Aragao, null Carolline Araujo, null Antonio Arcadipane, null Patrick Archambault, null Lukas Arenz, null Jean‐Benoît Arlet, null Lovkesh Arora, null Rakesh Arora, null Elise Artaud‐Macari, null Diptesh Aryal, null Angel Asensio, null Muhammad Ashraf, null Namra Asif, null Mohammad Asim, null Jean Baptiste Assie, null Amirul Asyraf, null Anika Atique, null A. M. Udara Lakshan Attanyake, null Johann Auchabie, null Hugues Aumaitre, null Adrien Auvet, null Eyvind W. Axelsen, null Laurène Azemar, null Cecile Azoulay, null Benjamin Bach, null Delphine Bachelet, null Claudine Badr, null Roar Bævre‐Jensen, null Nadia Baig, null J. Kenneth Baillie, null J. Kevin Baird, null Erica Bak, null Agamemnon Bakakos, null Nazreen Abu Bakar, null Andriy Bal, null Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, null Valeria Balan, null Firouzé Bani‐Sadr, null Renata Barbalho, null Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, null Wendy S. Barclay, null Saef Umar Barnett, null Michaela Barnikel, null Helena Barrasa, null Audrey Barrelet, null Cleide Barrigoto, null Marie Bartoli, null Joaquín Baruch, null Mustehan Bashir, null Romain Basmaci, null Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, null Denise Battaglini, null Jules Bauer, null Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, null Denisse Bazan Dow, null Abigail Beane, null Alexandra Bedossa, null Ker Hong Bee, null Husna Begum, null Sylvie Behilill, null Albertus Beishuizen, null Aleksandr Beljantsev, null David Bellemare, null Anna Beltrame, null Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, null Marine Beluze, null Nicolas Benech, null Lionel Eric Benjiman, null Dehbia Benkerrou, null Suzanne Bennett, null Luís Bento, null Jan‐Erik Berdal, null Delphine Bergeaud, null Hazel Bergin, null José Luis Bernal Sobrino, null Giulia Bertoli, null Lorenzo Bertolino, null Simon Bessis, null Sybille Bevilcaqua, null Karine Bezulier, null Amar Bhatt, null Krishna Bhavsar, null Claudia Bianco, null Farah Nadiah Bidin, null Moirangthem Bikram Singh, null Felwa Bin Humaid, null Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, null François Bissuel, null Laurent Bitker, null Jonathan Bitton, null Pablo Blanco‐Schweizer, null Catherine Blier, null Frank Bloos, null Mathieu Blot, null Filomena Boccia, null Laetitia Bodenes, null Alice Bogaarts, null Debby Bogaert, null Anne‐Hélène Boivin, null Pierre‐Adrien Bolze, null François Bompart, null Aurelius Bonfasius, null Diogo Borges, null Raphaël Borie, null Hans Martin Bosse, null Elisabeth Botelho‐Nevers, null Lila Bouadma, null Olivier Bouchaud, null Sabelline Bouchez, null Dounia Bouhmani, null Damien Bouhour, null Kévin Bouiller, null Laurence Bouillet, null Camile Bouisse, null Anne‐Sophie Boureau, null John Bourke, null Maude Bouscambert, null Aurore Bousquet, null Jason Bouziotis, null Bianca Boxma, null Marielle Boyer‐Besseyre, null Maria Boylan, null Fernando Augusto Bozza, null Axelle Braconnier, null Cynthia Braga, null Timo Brandenburger, null Filipa Brás Monteiro, null Luca Brazzi, null Patrick Breen, null Dorothy Breen, null Kathy Brickell, null Shaunagh Browne, null Alex Browne, null Nicolas Brozzi, null Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, null Marjolein Brusse‐Keizer, null Nina Buchtele, null Christian Buesaquillo, null Polina Bugaeva, null Marielle Buisson, null Danilo Buonsenso, null Erlina Burhan, null Aidan Burrell, null Ingrid G. Bustos, null Denis Butnaru, null André Cabie, null Susana Cabral, null Eder Caceres, null Cyril Cadoz, null Kate Calligy, null Jose Andres Calvache, null João Camões, null Valentine Campana, null Paul Campbell, null Josie Campisi, null Cecilia Canepa, null Mireia Cantero, null Pauline Caraux‐Paz, null Sheila Cárcel, null Chiara Simona Cardellino, null Sofia Cardoso, null Filipe Cardoso, null Filipa Cardoso, null Nelson Cardoso, null Simone Carelli, null Nicolas Carlier, null Thierry Carmoi, null Gayle Carney, null Inês Carqueja, null Marie‐Christine Carret, null François Martin Carrier, null Ida Carroll, null Gail Carson, null Maire‐Laure Casanova, null Mariana Cascão, null Siobhan Casey, null José Casimiro, null Bailey Cassandra, null Silvia Castañeda, null Nidyanara Castanheira, null Guylaine Castor‐Alexandre, null Henry Castrillón, null Ivo Castro, null Ana Catarino, null François‐Xavier Catherine, null Paolo Cattaneo, null Roberta Cavalin, null Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, null Alexandros Cavayas, null Adrian Ceccato, null Minerva Cervantes‐Gonzalez, null Anissa Chair, null Catherine Chakveatze, null Adrienne Chan, null Meera Chand, null Christelle Chantalat Auger, null Jean‐Marc Chapplain, null Julie Chas, null Allegra Chatterjee, null Mobin Chaudry, null Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, null Anjellica Chen, null Yih‐Sharng Chen, null Matthew Pellan Cheng, null Antoine Cheret, null Thibault Chiarabini, null Julian Chica, null Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, null Leong Chin Tho, null Catherine Chirouze, null Davide Chiumello, null Sung‐Min Cho, null Bernard Cholley, null Marie‐Charlotte Chopin, null Ting Soo Chow, null Yock Ping Chow, null Jonathan Chua, null Hiu Jian Chua, null Jose Pedro Cidade, null José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, null Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, null Anna Ciullo, null Jennifer Clarke, null Emma Clarke, null Rolando Claure‐Del Granado, null Sara Clohisey, null Perren J. Cobb, null Cassidy Codan, null Caitriona Cody, null Alexandra Coelho, null Megan Coles, null Gwenhaël Colin, null Michael Collins, null Sebastiano Maria Colombo, null Pamela Combs, null Marie Connor, null Anne Conrad, null Sofía Contreras, null Elaine Conway, null Graham S. Cooke, null Mary Copland, null Hugues Cordel, null Amanda Corley, null Sabine Cornelis, null Alexander Daniel Cornet, null Arianne Joy Corpuz, null Andrea Cortegiani, null Grégory Corvaisier, null Emma Costigan, null Camille Couffignal, null Sandrine Couffin‐Cadiergues, null Roxane Courtois, null Stéphanie Cousse, null Rachel Cregan, null Sabine Croonen, null Gloria Crowl, null Jonathan Crump, null Claudina Cruz, null Juan Luis Cruz Bermúdez, null Jaime Cruz Rojo, null Marc Csete, null Ailbhe Cullen, null Matthew Cummings, null Gerard Curley, null Elodie Curlier, null Colleen Curran, null Paula Custodio, null Ana da Silva Filipe, null Charlene Da Silveira, null Al‐Awwab Dabaliz, null Andrew Dagens, null John Arne Dahl, null Darren Dahly, null Heidi Dalton, null Jo Dalton, null Seamus Daly, null Nick Daneman, null Corinne Daniel, null Emmanuelle A. Dankwa, null Jorge Dantas, null Frédérick D'Aragon, null Gillian de Loughry, null Diego de Mendoza, null Etienne De Montmollin, null Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, null Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, null Rosanna De Rosa, null Cristina De Rose, null Thushan de Silva, null Peter de Vries, null Jillian Deacon, null David Dean, null Alexa Debard, null Marie‐Pierre Debray, null Nathalie DeCastro, null William Dechert, null Lauren Deconninck, null Romain Decours, null Eve Defous, null Isabelle Delacroix, null Eric Delaveuve, null Karen Delavigne, null Nathalie M. Delfos, null Ionna Deligiannis, null Andrea Dell'Amore, null Christelle Delmas, null Pierre Delobel, null Corine Delsing, null Elisa Demonchy, null Emmanuelle Denis, null Dominique Deplanque, null Pieter Depuydt, null Mehul Desai, null Diane Descamps, null Mathilde Desvallées, null Santi Dewayanti, null Pathik Dhanger, null Alpha Diallo, null Sylvain Diamantis, null André Dias, null Juan Jose Diaz, null Priscila Diaz, null Rodrigo Diaz, null Kévin Didier, null Jean‐Luc Diehl, null Wim Dieperink, null Jérôme Dimet, null Vincent Dinot, null Fara Diop, null Alphonsine Diouf, null Yael Dishon, null Félix Djossou, null Annemarie B. Docherty, null Helen Doherty, null Arjen M. Dondorp, null Maria Donnelly, null Christl A. Donnelly, null Sean Donohue, null Yoann Donohue, null Chloe Donohue, null Peter Doran, null Céline Dorival, null Eric D'Ortenzio, null James Joshua Douglas, null Renee Douma, null Nathalie Dournon, null Triona Downer, null Joanne Downey, null Mark Downing, null Tom Drake, null Aoife Driscoll, null Murray Dryden, null Claudio Duarte Fonseca, null Vincent Dubee, null François Dubos, null Alexandre Ducancelle, null Toni Duculan, null Susanne Dudman, null Abhijit Duggal, null Paul Dunand, null Mathilde Duplaix, null Emanuele Durante‐Mangoni, null Lucian Durham, null Bertrand Dussol, null Juliette Duthoit, null Xavier Duval, null Anne Margarita Dyrhol‐Riise, null Sim Choon Ean, null Marco Echeverria‐Villalobos, null Siobhan Egan, null Linn Margrete Eggesbø, null Carla Eira, null Mohammed El Sanharawi, null Subbarao Elapavaluru, null Brigitte Elharrar, null Jacobien Ellerbroek, null Merete Ellingjord‐Dale, null Philippine Eloy, null Tarek Elshazly, null Iqbal Elyazar, null Isabelle Enderle, null Tomoyuki Endo, null Chan Chee Eng, null Ilka Engelmann, null Vincent Enouf, null Olivier Epaulard, null Martina Escher, null Mariano Esperatti, null Hélène Esperou, null Marina Esposito‐Farese, null João Estevão, null Manuel Etienne, null Nadia Ettalhaoui, null Anna Greti Everding, null Mirjam Evers, null Marc Fabre, null Isabelle Fabre, null Amna Faheem, null Arabella Fahy, null Cameron J. Fairfield, null Zul Fakar, null Komal Fareed, null Pedro Faria, null Ahmed Farooq, null Hanan Fateena, null Arie Zainul Fatoni, null Karine Faure, null Raphaël Favory, null Mohamed Fayed, null Niamh Feely, null Laura Feeney, null Jorge Fernandes, null Marília Andreia Fernandes, null Susana Fernandes, null François‐Xavier Ferrand, null Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, null Joana Ferrão, null Mário Ferraz, null Sílvia Ferreira, null Isabel Ferreira, null Benigno Ferreira, null Ricard Ferrer‐Roca, null Nicolas Ferriere, null Céline Ficko, null Claudia Figueiredo‐Mello, null William Finlayson, null Juan Fiorda, null Thomas Flament, null Clara Flateau, null Tom Fletcher, null Letizia Lucia Florio, null Deirdre Flynn, null Claire Foley, null Jean Foley, null Victor Fomin, null Tatiana Fonseca, null Patricia Fontela, null Simon Forsyth, null Denise Foster, null Giuseppe Foti, null Erwan Fourn, null Robert A. Fowler, null Marianne Fraher, null Diego Franch‐Llasat, null John F. Fraser, null Christophe Fraser, null Marcela Vieira Freire, null Ana Freitas Ribeiro, null Caren Friedrich, null Stéphanie Fry, null Nora Fuentes, null Masahiro Fukuda, null G. Argin, null Valérie Gaborieau, null Rostane Gaci, null Massimo Gagliardi, null Jean‐Charles Gagnard, null Amandine Gagneux‐Brunon, null Sérgio Gaião, null Linda Gail Skeie, null Phil Gallagher, null Carrol Gamble, null Yasmin Gani, null Arthur Garan, null Rebekha Garcia, null Noelia García Barrio, null Julia Garcia‐Diaz, null Esteban Garcia‐Gallo, null Navya Garimella, null Denis Garot, null Valérie Garrait, null Basanta Gauli, null Nathalie Gault, null Aisling Gavin, null Anatoliy Gavrylov, null Alexandre Gaymard, null Johannes Gebauer, null Eva Geraud, null Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, null Nuno Germano, null Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, null Jade Ghosn, null Marco Giani, null Jess Gibson, null Tristan Gigante, null Morgane Gilg, null Elaine Gilroy, null Guillermo Giordano, null Michelle Girvan, null Valérie Gissot, null Daniel Glikman, null Petr Glybochko, null Eric Gnall, null Geraldine Goco, null François Goehringer, null Siri Goepel, null Jean‐Christophe Goffard, null Jin Yi Goh, null Jonathan Golob, null Kyle Gomez, null Joan Gómez‐Junyent, null Marie Gominet, null Alicia Gonzalez, null Patricia Gordon, null Isabelle Gorenne, null Laure Goubert, null Cécile Goujard, null Tiphaine Goulenok, null Margarite Grable, null Jeronimo Graf, null Edward Wilson Grandin, null Pascal Granier, null Giacomo Grasselli, null Christopher A. Green, null Courtney Greene, null William Greenhalf, null Segolène Greffe, null Domenico Luca Grieco, null Matthew Griffee, null Fiona Griffiths, null Ioana Grigoras, null Albert Groenendijk, null Anja Grosse Lordemann, null Heidi Gruner, null Yusing Gu, null Jérémie Guedj, null Martin Guego, null Dewi Guellec, null Anne‐Marie Guerguerian, null Daniela Guerreiro, null Romain Guery, null Anne Guillaumot, null Laurent Guilleminault, null Maisa Guimarães de Castro, null Thomas Guimard, null Marieke Haalboom, null Daniel Haber, null Hannah Habraken, null Ali Hachemi, null Amy Hackmann, null Nadir Hadri, null Fakhir Haidri, null Sheeba Hakak, null Adam Hall, null Sophie Halpin, null Jawad Hameed, null Ansley Hamer, null Raph L. Hamers, null Rebecca Hamidfar, null Bato Hammarström, null Terese Hammond, null Lim Yuen Han, null Rashan Haniffa, null Kok Wei Hao, null Hayley Hardwick, null Ewen M. Harrison, null Janet Harrison, null Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, null Alan Hartman, null Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, null Junaid Hashmi, null Muhammad Hayat, null Ailbhe Hayes, null Leanne Hays, null Jan Heerman, null Lars Heggelund, null Ross Hendry, null Martina Hennessy, null Aquiles Henriquez‐Trujillo, null Maxime Hentzien, null Jaime Hernandez‐Montfort, null Andrew Hershey, null Liv Hesstvedt, null Astarini Hidayah, null Eibhilin Higgins, null Dawn Higgins, null Rupert Higgins, null Rita Hinchion, null Samuel Hinton, null Hiroaki Hiraiwa, null Haider Hirkani, null Hikombo Hitoto, null Yi Bin Ho, null Antonia Ho, null Alexandre Hoctin, null Isabelle Hoffmann, null Wei Han Hoh, null Oscar Hoiting, null Rebecca Holt, null Jan Cato Holter, null Peter Horby, null Juan Pablo Horcajada, null Koji Hoshino, null Ikram Houas, null Catherine L. Hough, null Stuart Houltham, null Jimmy Ming‐Yang Hsu, null Jean‐Sébastien Hulot, null Stella Huo, null Abby Hurd, null Iqbal Hussain, null Samreen Ijaz, null Hajnal‐Gabriela Illes, null Patrick Imbert, null Mohammad Imran, null Rana Imran Sikander, null Aftab Imtiaz, null Hugo Inácio, null Carmen Infante Dominguez, null Yun Sii Ing, null Elias Iosifidis, null Mariachiara Ippolito, null Sarah Isgett, null Tiago Isidoro, null Nadiah Ismail, null Margaux Isnard, null Mette Stausland Istre, null Junji Itai, null Daniel Ivulich, null Danielle Jaafar, null Salma Jaafoura, null Julien Jabot, null Clare Jackson, null Nina Jamieson, null Pierre Jaquet, null Coline Jaud‐Fischer, null Stéphane Jaureguiberry, null Denise Jaworsky, null Florence Jego, null Anilawati Mat Jelani, null Synne Jenum, null Ruth Jimbo‐Sotomayor, null Ong Yiaw Joe, null Ruth N. Jorge García, null Silje Bakken Jørgensen, null Cédric Joseph, null Mark Joseph, null Swosti Joshi, null Mercé Jourdain, null Philippe Jouvet, null Hanna Jung, null Anna Jung, null Dafsah Juzar, null Ouifiya Kafif, null Florentia Kaguelidou, null Neerusha Kaisbain, null Thavamany Kaleesvran, null Sabina Kali, null Alina Kalicinska, null Karl Trygve Kalleberg, null Smaragdi Kalomoiri, null Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, null Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, null Nadiah Kamarudin, null Kavita Kamineni, null Darshana Hewa Kandamby, null Chris Kandel, null Kong Yeow Kang, null Darakhshan Kanwal, null Pratap Karpayah, null Daisuke Kasugai, null Anant Kataria, null Kevin Katz, null Aasmine Kaur, null Christy Kay, null Hannah Keane, null Seán Keating, null Pulak Kedia, null Claire Kelly, null Yvelynne Kelly, null Andrea Kelly, null Niamh Kelly, null Aoife Kelly, null Sadie Kelly, null Maeve Kelsey, null Ryan Kennedy, null Kalynn Kennon, null Maeve Kernan, null Younes Kerroumi, null Sharma Keshav, null Imrana Khalid, null Osama Khalid, null Antoine Khalil, null Coralie Khan, null Irfan Khan, null Quratul Ain Khan, null Sushil Khanal, null Abid Khatak, null Amin Khawaja, null Krish Kherajani, null Michelle E. Kho, null Ryan Khoo, null Denisa Khoo, null Saye Khoo, null Nasir Khoso, null Khor How Kiat, null Yuri Kida, null Peter Kiiza, null Beathe Kiland Granerud, null Anders Benjamin Kildal, null Jae Burm Kim, null Antoine Kimmoun, null Detlef Kindgen‐Milles, null Alexander King, null Nobuya Kitamura, null Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, null Paul Klenerman, null Rob Klont, null Gry Kloumann Bekken, null Stephen R. Knight, null Robin Kobbe, null Chamira Kodippily, null Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, null Sabin Koirala, null Mamoru Komatsu, null Caroline Kosgei, null Arsène Kpangon, null Karolina Krawczyk, null Vinothini Krishnan, null Sudhir Krishnan, null Oksana Kruglova, null Ganesh Kumar, null Deepali Kumar, null Mukesh Kumar, null Pavan Kumar Vecham, null Dinesh Kuriakose, null Ethan Kurtzman, null Demetrios Kutsogiannis, null Galyna Kutsyna, null Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, null Marie Lachatre, null Marie Lacoste, null John G. Laffey, null Marie Lagrange, null Fabrice Laine, null Olivier Lairez, null Sanjay Lakhey, null Antonio Lalueza, null Marc Lambert, null François Lamontagne, null Marie Langelot‐Richard, null Vincent Langlois, null Eka Yudha Lantang, null Marina Lanza, null Cédric Laouénan, null Samira Laribi, null Delphine Lariviere, null Stéphane Lasry, null Sakshi Lath, null Naveed Latif, null Odile Launay, null Didier Laureillard, null Yoan Lavie‐Badie, null Andy Law, null Teresa Lawrence, null Cassie Lawrence, null Minh Le, null Clément Le Bihan, null Cyril Le Bris, null Georges Le Falher, null Lucie Le Fevre, null Quentin Le Hingrat, null Marion Le Maréchal, null Soizic Le Mestre, null Gwenaël Le Moal, null Vincent Le Moing, null Hervé Le Nagard, null Paul Le Turnier, null Ema Leal, null Marta Leal Santos, null Heng Gee Lee, null Biing Horng Lee, null Yi Lin Lee, null Todd C. Lee, null James Lee, null Jennifer Lee, null Su Hwan Lee, null Gary Leeming, null Laurent Lefebvre, null Bénédicte Lefebvre, null Benjamin Lefèvre, null Sylvie LeGac, null Jean‐Daniel Lelievre, null François Lellouche, null Adrien Lemaignen, null Véronique Lemee, null Anthony Lemeur, null Gretchen Lemmink, null Ha Sha Lene, null Jenny Lennon, null Rafael León, null Marc Leone, null Michela Leone, null Quentin Lepiller, null François‐Xavier Lescure, null Olivier Lesens, null Mathieu Lesouhaitier, null Amy Lester‐Grant, null Yves Levy, null Bruno Levy, null Claire Levy‐Marchal, null Katarzyna Lewandowska, null Erwan L'Her, null Gianluigi Li Bassi, null Janet Liang, null Ali Liaquat, null Geoffrey Liegeon, null Kah Chuan Lim, null Wei Shen Lim, null Chantre Lima, null Lim Lina, null Bruno Lina, null Andreas Lind, null Maja Katherine Lingad, null Guillaume Lingas, null Sylvie Lion‐Daolio, null Samantha Lissauer, null Keibun Liu, null Marine Livrozet, null Patricia Lizotte, null Antonio Loforte, null Navy Lolong, null Leong Chee Loon, null Diogo Lopes, null Dalia Lopez‐Colon, null Jose W. Lopez‐Revilla, null Anthony L. Loschner, null Paul Loubet, null Bouchra Loufti, null Guillame Louis, null Silvia Lourenco, null Lara Lovelace‐Macon, null Lee Lee Low, null Marije Lowik, null Jia Shyi Loy, null Jean Christophe Lucet, null Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, null Carlos M. Luna, null Olguta Lungu, null Liem Luong, null Nestor Luque, null Dominique Luton, null Nilar Lwin, null Ruth Lyons, null Olavi Maasikas, null Oryane Mabiala, null Moïse Machado, null Gabriel Macheda, null Hashmi Madiha, null Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, null Rafael Mahieu, null Sophie Mahy, null Ana Raquel Maia, null Lars S. Maier, null Mylène Maillet, null Thomas Maitre, null Maximilian Malfertheiner, null Nadia Malik, null Paddy Mallon, null Fernando Maltez, null Denis Malvy, null Victoria Manda, null Laurent Mandelbrot, null Frank Manetta, null Julie Mankikian, null Edmund Manning, null Aldric Manuel, null Ceila Maria Sant'Ana Malaque, null Flávio Marino, null Daniel Marino, null Samuel Markowicz, null Charbel Maroun Eid, null Ana Marques, null Catherine Marquis, null Brian Marsh, null Laura Marsh, null Megan Marshal, null John Marshall, null Celina Turchi Martelli, null Dori‐Ann Martin, null Emily Martin, null Guillaume Martin‐Blondel, null Ignacio Martin‐Loeches, null Martin Martinot, null Alejandro Martin‐Quiros, null João Martins, null Ana Martins, null Nuno Martins, null Caroline Martins Rego, null Gennaro Martucci, null Olga Martynenko, null Eva Miranda Marwali, null Marsilla Marzukie, null David Maslove, null Sabina Mason, null Sobia Masood, null Basri Mat Nor, null Moshe Matan, null Meghena Mathew, null Daniel Mathieu, null Mathieu Mattei, null Romans Matulevics, null Laurence Maulin, null Michael Maxwell, null Javier Maynar, null Thierry Mazzoni, null Natalie Mc Evoy, null Lisa Mc Sweeney, null Colin McArthur, null Anne McCarthy, null Aine McCarthy, null Colin McCloskey, null Rachael McConnochie, null Sherry McDermott, null Sarah E. McDonald, null Aine McElroy, null Samuel McElwee, null Victoria McEneany, null Allison McGeer, null Chris McKay, null Johnny McKeown, null Kenneth A. McLean, null Paul McNally, null Bairbre McNicholas, null Elaine McPartlan, null Edel Meaney, null Cécile Mear‐Passard, null Maggie Mechlin, null Maqsood Meher, null Omar Mehkri, null Ferruccio Mele, null Luis Melo, null Kashif Memon, null Joao Joao Mendes, null Ogechukwu Menkiti, null Kusum Menon, null France Mentré, null Alexander J. Mentzer, null Noémie Mercier, null Emmanuelle Mercier, null Antoine Merckx, null Mayka Mergeay‐Fabre, null Blake Mergler, null António Mesquita, null Roberta Meta, null Osama Metwally, null Agnès Meybeck, null Dan Meyer, null Alison M. Meynert, null Vanina Meysonnier, null Amina Meziane, null Mehdi Mezidi, null Céline Michelanglei, null Isabelle Michelet, null Efstathia Mihelis, null Vladislav Mihnovit, null Hugo Miranda‐Maldonado, null Nor Arisah Misnan, null Tahira Jamal Mohamed, null Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, null Asma Moin, null David Molina, null Elena Molinos, null Brenda Molloy, null Mary Mone, null Agostinho Monteiro, null Claudia Montes, null Giorgia Montrucchio, null Shona C. Moore, null Sarah Moore, null Lina Morales Cely, null Lucia Moro, null Ben Morton, null Catherine Motherway, null Ana Motos, null Hugo Mouquet, null Clara Mouton Perrot, null Julien Moyet, null Caroline Mudara, null Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, null Ng Yong Muh, null Dzawani Muhamad, null Jimmy Mullaert, null Fredrik Müller, null Karl Erik Müller, null Daniel Munblit, null Syed Muneeb, null Nadeem Munir, null Laveena Munshi, null Aisling Murphy, null Lorna Murphy, null Marlène Murris, null Himed Musaab, null Himasha Muvindi, null Gugapriyaa Muyandy, null Dimitra Melia Myrodia, null Farah Nadia Mohd‐Hanafiah, null Dave Nagpal, null Alex Nagrebetsky, null Mangala Narasimhan, null Nageswaran Narayanan, null Rashid Nasim Khan, null Alasdair Nazerali‐Maitland, null Nadège Neant, null Holger Neb, null Nikita Nekliudov, null Erni Nelwan, null Raul Neto, null Emily Neumann, null Pauline Yeung Ng, null Wing Yiu Ng, null Anthony Nghi, null Duc Nguyen, null Orna Ni Choileain, null Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, null Alistair Nichol, null Prompak Nitayavardhana, null Stephanie Nonas, null Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, null Marion Noret, null Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, null Lisa Norman, null Alessandra Notari, null Mahdad Noursadeghi, null Karolina Nowicka, null Adam Nowinski, null Saad Nseir, null Jose I. Nunez, null Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, null Dwi Utomo Nusantara, null Elsa Nyamankolly, null Anders Benteson Nygaard, null Fionnuala O. Brien, null Annmarie O. Callaghan, null Annmarie O'Callaghan, null Giovanna Occhipinti, null Derbrenn OConnor, null Max O'Donnell, null Tawnya Ogston, null Takayuki Ogura, null Tak‐Hyuk Oh, null Sophie O'Halloran, null Katie O'Hearn, null Shinichiro Ohshimo, null Agnieszka Oldakowska, null João Oliveira, null Larissa Oliveira, null Piero L. Olliaro, null Jee Yan Ong, null David S. Y. Ong, null Wilna Oosthuyzen, null Anne Opavsky, null Peter Openshaw, null Saijad Orakzai, null Claudia Milena Orozco‐Chamorro, null Jamel Ortoleva, null Javier Osatnik, null Linda O'Shea, null Miriam O'Sullivan, null Siti Zubaidah Othman, null Nadia Ouamara, null Rachida Ouissa, null Eric Oziol, null Maïder Pagadoy, null Justine Pages, null Mario Palacios, null Amanda Palacios, null Massimo Palmarini, null Giovanna Panarello, null Prasan Kumar Panda, null Hem Paneru, null Lai Hui Pang, null Mauro Panigada, null Nathalie Pansu, null Aurélie Papadopoulos, null Rachael Parke, null Melissa Parker, null Briseida Parra, null Taha Pasha, null Jérémie Pasquier, null Bruno Pastene, null Fabian Patauner, null Drashti Patel, null Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, null Luís Patrão, null Patricia Patricio, null Juliette Patrier, null Lisa Patterson, null Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, null Mical Paul, null Christelle Paul, null Jorge Paulos, null William A. Paxton, null Jean‐François Payen, null Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, null Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, null Giles J. Peek, null Florent Peelman, null Nathan Peiffer‐Smadja, null Vincent Peigne, null Mare Pejkovska, null Paolo Pelosi, null Ithan D. Peltan, null Rui Pereira, null Daniel Perez, null Luis Periel, null Thomas Perpoint, null Antonio Pesenti, null Vincent Pestre, null Lenka Petrou, null Michele Petrovic, null Ventzislava Petrov‐Sanchez, null Frank Olav Pettersen, null Gilles Peytavin, null Scott Pharand, null Walter Picard, null Olivier Picone, null Maria de Piero, null Carola Pierobon, null Djura Piersma, null Carlos Pimentel, null Raquel Pinto, null Catarina Pires, null Isabelle Pironneau, null Lionel Piroth, null Ayodhia Pitaloka, null Riinu Pius, null Laurent Plantier, null Hon Shen Png, null Julien Poissy, null Ryadh Pokeerbux, null Maria Pokorska‐Spiewak, null Sergio Poli, null Georgios Pollakis, null Diane Ponscarme, null Jolanta Popielska, null Diego Bastos Porto, null Andra‐Maris Post, null Douwe F. Postma, null Pedro Povoa, null Diana Póvoas, null Jeff Powis, null Sofia Prapa, null Sébastien Preau, null Christian Prebensen, null Jean‐Charles Preiser, null Anton Prinssen, null Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, null Lucia Proença, null Sravya Pudota, null Oriane Puéchal, null Bambang Pujo Semedi, null Mathew Pulicken, null Gregory Purcell, null Luisa Quesada, null Vilmaris Quinones‐Cardona, null Víctor Quirós González, null Else Quist‐Paulsen, null Mohammed Quraishi, null Maia Rabaa, null Christian Rabaud, null Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, null Aldo Rafael, null Marie Rafiq, null Mutia Rahardjani, null Rozanah Abd Rahman, null Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, null Arsalan Rahutullah, null Fernando Rainieri, null Giri Shan Rajahram, null Pratheema Ramachandran, null Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, null Ahmad Afiq Ramli, null Blandine Rammaert, null Grazielle Viana Ramos, null Asim Rana, null Rajavardhan Rangappa, null Ritika Ranjan, null Christophe Rapp, null Aasiyah Rashan, null Thalha Rashan, null Ghulam Rasheed, null Menaldi Rasmin, null Indrek Rätsep, null Cornelius Rau, null Tharmini Ravi, null Ali Raza, null Andre Real, null Stanislas Rebaudet, null Sarah Redl, null Brenda Reeve, null Attaur Rehman, null Liadain Reid, null Dag Henrik Reikvam, null Renato Reis, null Jordi Rello, null Jonathan Remppis, null Martine Remy, null Hongru Ren, null Hanna Renk, null Anne‐Sophie Resseguier, null Matthieu Revest, null Oleksa Rewa, null Luis Felipe Reyes, null Tiago Reyes, null Maria Ines Ribeiro, null Antonia Ricchiuto, null David Richardson, null Denise Richardson, null Laurent Richier, null Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, null Jordi Riera, null Ana L. Rios, null Asgar Rishu, null Patrick Rispal, null Karine Risso, null Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, null Nicholas Rizer, null Chiara Robba, null André Roberto, null Stephanie Roberts, null David L. Robertson, null Olivier Robineau, null Ferran Roche‐Campo, null Paola Rodari, null Simão Rodeia, null Julia Rodriguez Abreu, null Bernhard Roessler, null Pierre‐Marie Roger, null Claire Roger, null Emmanuel Roilides, null Juliette Romaru, null Roberto Roncon‐Albuquerque, null Mélanie Roriz, null Manuel Rosa‐Calatrava, null Michael Rose, null Dorothea Rosenberger, null Nurul Hidayah Mohammad Roslan, null Andrea Rossanese, null Matteo Rossetti, null Bénédicte Rossignol, null Patrick Rossignol, null Stella Rousset, null Carine Roy, null Benoît Roze, null Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, null Clark D. Russell, null Maria Ryan, null Maeve Ryan, null Steffi Ryckaert, null Aleksander Rygh Holten, null Isabela Saba, null Sairah Sadaf, null Musharaf Sadat, null Valla Sahraei, null Maximilien Saint‐Gilles, null Pranya Sakiyalak, null Nawal Salahuddin, null Leonardo Salazar, null Jodat Saleem, null Gabriele Sales, null Stéphane Sallaberry, null Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, null Hélène Salvator, null Olivier Sanchez, null Angel Sanchez‐Miralles, null Vanessa Sancho‐Shimizu, null Gyan Sandhu, null Zulfiqar Sandhu, null Pierre‐François Sandrine, null Oana Sandulescu, null Marlene Santos, null Shirley Sarfo‐Mensah, null Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, null Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, null Benjamine Sarton, null Ankana Satya, null Sree Satyapriya, null Rumaisah Satyawati, null Egle Saviciute, null Parthena Savvidou, null Yen Tsen Saw, null Justin Schaffer, null Tjard Schermer, null Arnaud Scherpereel, null Marion Schneider, null Stephan Schroll, null Michael Schwameis, null Gary Schwartz, null Janet T. Scott, null James Scott‐Brown, null Nicholas Sedillot, null Tamara Seitz, null Jaganathan Selvanayagam, null Mageswari Selvarajoo, null Caroline Semaille, null Malcolm G. Semple, null Rasidah Bt Senian, null Eric Senneville, null Filipa Sequeira, null Tânia Sequeira, null Ary Serpa Neto, null Pablo Serrano Balazote, null Ellen Shadowitz, null Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, null Mohammad Shamsah, null Anuraj Shankar, null Shaikh Sharjeel, null Pratima Sharma, null Catherine A. Shaw, null Victoria Shaw, null Ashraf Sheharyar, null Rohan Shetty, null Rajesh Mohan Shetty, null Haixia Shi, null Mohiuddin Shiekh, null Nobuaki Shime, null Keiki Shimizu, null Sally Shrapnel, null Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, null Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, null Hoi Ping Shum, null Nassima Si Mohammed, null Ng Yong Siang, null Jeanne Sibiude, null Atif Siddiqui, null Piret Sillaots, null Catarina Silva, null Rogério Silva, null Maria Joao Silva, null Benedict Sim Lim Heng, null Wai Ching Sin, null Dario Sinatti, null Punam Singh, null Budha Charan Singh, null Pompini Agustina Sitompul, null Karisha Sivam, null Vegard Skogen, null Sue Smith, null Benjamin Smood, null Coilin Smyth, null Michelle Smyth, null Morgane Snacken, null Dominic So, null Tze Vee Soh, null Lene Bergendal Solberg, null Joshua Solomon, null Tom Solomon, null Emily Somers, null Agnès Sommet, null Rima Song, null Myung Jin Song, null Tae Song, null Jack Song Chia, null Michael Sonntagbauer, null Azlan Mat Soom, null Arne Søraas, null Camilla Lund Søraas, null Alberto Sotto, null Edouard Soum, null Marta Sousa, null Ana Chora Sousa, null Maria Sousa Uva, null Vicente Souza‐Dantas, null Alexandra Sperry, null Elisabetta Spinuzza, null B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, null Shiranee Sriskandan, null Sarah Stabler, null Thomas Staudinger, null Stephanie‐Susanne Stecher, null Trude Steinsvik, null Ymkje Stienstra, null Birgitte Stiksrud, null Eva Stolz, null Amy Stone, null Adrian Streinu‐Cercel, null Anca Streinu‐Cercel, null David Stuart, null Ami Stuart, null Decy Subekti, null Gabriel Suen, null Jacky Y. Suen, null Asfia Sultana, null Charlotte Summers, null Dubravka Supic, null Deepashankari Suppiah, null Magdalena Surovcová, null Suwarti Suwarti, null Andrey Svistunov, null Sarah Syahrin, null Konstantinos Syrigos, null Jaques Sztajnbok, null Konstanty Szuldrzynski, null Shirin Tabrizi, null Fabio S. Taccone, null Lysa Tagherset, null Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, null Ewa Talarek, null Sara Taleb, null Jelmer Talsma, null Renaud Tamisier, null Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, null Kim Keat Tan, null Yan Chyi Tan, null Taku Tanaka, null Hiroyuki Tanaka, null Hayato Taniguchi, null Huda Taqdees, null Arshad Taqi, null Coralie Tardivon, null Pierre Tattevin, null M. Azhari Taufik, null Hassan Tawfik, null Richard S. Tedder, null Tze Yuan Tee, null João Teixeira, null Sofia Tejada, null Marie‐Capucine Tellier, null Sze Kye Teoh, null Vanessa Teotonio, null François Téoulé, null Pleun Terpstra, null Olivier Terrier, null Nicolas Terzi, null Hubert Tessier‐Grenier, null Adrian Tey, null Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, null Anand Thakur, null Zhang Duan Tham, null Suvintheran Thangavelu, null Vincent Thibault, null Simon‐Djamel Thiberville, null Benoît Thill, null Jananee Thirumanickam, null Shaun Thompson, null Emma C. Thomson, null Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, null Ryan S. Thwaites, null Paul Tierney, null Vadim Tieroshyn, null Peter S. Timashev, null Jean‐François Timsit, null Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, null Noémie Tissot, null Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, null Maria Toki, null Kristian Tonby, null Sia Loong Tonnii, null Margarida Torres, null Antoni Torres, null Rosario Maria Torres Santos‐Olmo, null Hernando Torres‐Zevallos, null Michael Towers, null Tony Trapani, null Théo Treoux, null Cécile Tromeur, null Ioannis Trontzas, null Tiffany Trouillon, null Jeanne Truong, null Christelle Tual, null Sarah Tubiana, null Helen Tuite, null Jean‐Marie Turmel, null Lance C. W. Turtle, null Anders Tveita, null Pawel Twardowski, null Makoto Uchiyama, null P. G. Ishara Udayanga, null Andrew Udy, null Roman Ullrich, null Alberto Uribe, null Asad Usman, null Timothy M. Uyeki, null Cristinava Vajdovics, null Piero Valentini, null Luís Val‐Flores, null Amélie Valran, null Stijn Van de Velde, null Marcel van den Berge, null Machteld Van der Feltz, null Job van der Palen, null Paul van der Valk, null Nicky Van Der Vekens, null Peter Van der Voort, null Sylvie Van Der Werf, null Laura van Gulik, null Jarne Van Hattem, null Carolien van Netten, null Ilonka van Veen, null Noémie Vanel, null Henk Vanoverschelde, null Pooja Varghese, null Michael Varrone, null Shoban Raj Vasudayan, null Charline Vauchy, null Shaminee Veeran, null Aurélie Veislinger, null Sebastian Vencken, null Sara Ventura, null Annelies Verbon, null James Vickers, null José Ernesto Vidal, null César Vieira, null Deepak Vijayan, null Joy Ann Villanueva, null Judit Villar, null Pierre‐Marc Villeneuve, null Andrea Villoldo, null Gayatri Vishwanathan, null Benoit Visseaux, null Hannah Visser, null Chiara Vitiello, null Harald Vonkeman, null Fanny Vuotto, null Noor Hidayu Wahab, null Suhaila Abdul Wahab, null Nadirah Abdul Wahid, null Marina Wainstein, null Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, null Chih‐Hsien Wang, null Steve Webb, null Jia Wei, null Katharina Weil, null Tan Pei Wen, null Sanne Wesselius, null T. Eoin West, null Murray Wham, null Bryan Whelan, null Nicole White, null Paul Henri Wicky, null Aurélie Wiedemann, null Surya Otto Wijaya, null Keith Wille, null Suzette Willems, null Virginie Williams, null Evert‐Jan Wils, null Xin Ci Wong, null Calvin Wong, null Yew Sing Wong, null Teck Fung Wong, null Natalie Wright, null Gan Ee Xian, null Lim Saio Xian, null Kuan Pei Xuan, null Ioannis Xynogalas, null Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, null Masaki Yamazaki, null Yazdan Yazdanpanah, null Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, null Cécile Yelnik, null Chian Hui Yeoh, null Stephanie Yerkovich, null Toshiki Yokoyama, null Hodane Yonis, null Obada Yousif, null Saptadi Yuliarto, null Akram Zaaqoq, null Marion Zabbe, null Kai Zacharowski, null Masliza Zahid, null Maram Zahran, null Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, null Maria Zambon, null Alberto Zanella, null Konrad Zawadka, null Nurul Zaynah, null Hiba Zayyad, null Alexander Zoufaly, null David Zucman, and null ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group
Published: 2022

22. Complications during transport of adult patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Author: Cleide Barrigoto, Philip Fortuna, Pedro Eduardo Silva, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Safety Research
Abstract: Introduction Transport on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a risky and complex procedure. Although most published data support the feasibility of interhospital transport on ECMO, data concerning intra-facility transportation and frequency and severity of complications during ECMO transport of adult patients are still scarce. The aim of this study was to assess transport arrangements and complications during intra and interhospital ECMO-supported patients transport at a high-volume ECMO center. Methods Retrospective single-center descriptive study evaluating the prevalence and severity of complications associated with the transportation of adult patients on ECMO support between 2014 and 2022 in our ECMO center. Results We performed 393 transfers of patients on ECMO support. Those comprised 206 intra-facility, 147 primary, 39 secondary and one tertiary transports. For primary and tertiary transportations, the average transfer length was 118.6 km (range 2.5–1446) and the mean total transport time was 5 h 40 min. The majority of transportations were made by ambulance (93.2%). Complications occurred in 12.7% of all transports and were more frequent in intra-facility and primary/tertiary transfers. Most complications were patient (46%) and staff related (26%). Risk category two was the most frequent (50%), and only five complications were classified as risk category 1 (10%). No deaths occurred during all patient transport. Conclusions Most transports carry minor problems that entail a negligible risk to the patient. When ECMO-supported transport is performed by an experienced team, the severe complications are not related with an increased morbimortality.
Published: 2023

23. Is the efficacy of remdesivir so different from that of lopinavir-ritonavir in severe COVID-19? The answer by real time-PCR: a narrative review

Author: Tânia Sequeira, Marta Torre, Nuno Germano, Carlos Pimentel, Tiago Isidoro Duarte, Cesar Vieira, Rita Corte-Real, Luís Bento, Mariana Cascão, and Joaquim Santos-Lima
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Alanine, Ritonavir, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Lopinavir/ritonavir, General Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Virology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Adenosine Monophosphate, Lopinavir, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Treatment Outcome, medicine, Humans, Narrative review, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: This letter discusses the efficacy of current antiviral therapy used in severe COVID-19 infection. Since the first severe cases were documented, several antiviral options have been studied as adjuncts to standard supportive care [1, 2]. Firstly, the combination of lopinavir-ritonavir resurrected from SARS and MERS outbreaks and soon abandoned after the publication of several trials like the randomized controlled trial RECOVERY, which concluded that it was not associated with reductions in 28-day mortality, duration of hospital stay, or risk of progression to invasive mechanical ventilation or death [3]. Remdesivir is currently the only antiviral agent approved for the treatment of COVID-19. It is recommended for use in hospitalized patients who require supplemental oxygen. However, it is not routinely recommended for patients who require mechanical ventilation due to the lack of data showing any benefit at this advanced stage of the disease [4-6].
Published: 2022

24. Prognostic significance of specific EEG patterns after cardiac arrest in a Lisbon Cohort

Author: Carla Bentes, Ana Rita Peralta, Beatriz Guedes, Ana Catarina Franco, Luís Bento, and Manuel Manita
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Electroencephalography, Eeg patterns, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Cardiac Arrest, Medicine, EEG Pattern, Highly Malignant, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Outcome, Malignant, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Neurology, Benign, Clinical and Research Article, Cohort, Neurology (clinical), business, Outcome prediction, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Highlights • Highly malignant EEG patterns were associated with poor neurological outcome. • Highly malignant EEG patterns were predictors of death. • Benign EEG patterns were associated with good neurological recovery., Objective To evaluate if EEG patterns considered highly malignant are reliable predictors not only of poor neurological outcome but also reliable predictors of death. Methods Retrospectively, EEGs from Cardiac Arrest (CA) patients of two teaching hospitals in Lisbon were classified into 3 groups: highly malignant, malignant, and benign groups. Outcome was assessed at 6 months after CA by CPC (Cerebral Performance Categories) scale. We evaluated the accuracy of these patterns to predict poor neurological outcome and death. Results We included 106 patients for analysis. All patients with a highly malignant EEG (n = 37) presented a poor neurological outcome. Those patterns were also associated with death. Malignant EEG patterns were not associated with poor neurological outcome. Benign EEG patterns were associated with good neurological recovery (p
Published: 2020

25. Ten months of temporal variation in the clinical journey of hospitalised patients with COVID-19

Author: Charlotte Summers, Hanna Jung, Hikombo HITOTO, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Mark Pritchard, Susanne Gjeruldsen Dudman, Cornelius Rau, Yusing Gu, Obada Yousif, Benjamin Lefèvre, Jamel Ortoleva, Carlos Lumbreras, Yvelynne Kelly, Matthew Hall, Andreas Lind, Antonio Loforte, Aquiles Rodrigo Henríquez-Trujillo, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira Franca, Manuel Etienne, Daniel Alejandro Pérez Muñoz, Moirangthem Bikram singh, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Agnieszka Ołdakowska, Malcolm Gracie Semple, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Tom Fletcher, Kalynn Kennon, Sarah Cormican, Ali AIT HSSAIN, Bernard CHOLLEY, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Luís Bento, Leanne Hays, Lara Absil, Roberto Roncon Albuquerque Jr, Maria Toki, Oksana Kruglova, Louise Sigfrid, Colin McCloskey, Eder Caceres, Jaques Sztajnbok, Sebastien Preau, Federico D'AMICO, Guillaume Louis, Nina Buchtele, Manuel Rosa-calatrava, Dorothy Breen, Christopher Green, Denise Battaglini, Jolanta Popielska, Helena Barrasa, Olivier Terrier, Jacky Suen, Hoi Ping Shum, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Stella Rousset, Eric D'Ortenzio, Miguel Pedrera-Jiménez, Willem Dieperink, Ioannis Trontzas, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Shona Moore, Sofia Tejada, Abigail Beane, John Kenneth Baillie, Simone Piva, Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Medical Research Council (MRC), Group, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation, Hall, Matthew D [0000-0002-2671-3864], Merson, Laura [0000-0002-4168-1960], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Hall, M., Baruch, J., Carson, G., Citarella, B. W., Dagens, A., Dankwa, E. A., Donnelly, C. A., Dunning, J., Escher, M., Kartsonaki, C., Merson, L., Pritchard, M. G., Wei, J., Horby, P., Rojek, A., Olliaro, P. L., and Durante-Mangoni, E
Subjects: Male, Outcome Assessment, global health, 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology, law.invention, law, Case fatality rate, Pandemic, Epidemiology, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, 80 and over, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group, Biology (General), Outcome Assessment, Health Care/statistics & numerical data, Child, Aged, 80 and over, General Neuroscience, COVID-19, ICU, SARS-CoV-2, epidemiology, hospitalisation, human, medicine, viruses, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Preschool, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Infant, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, General Medicine, Intensive care unit, Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data, Cohort, Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data, Medicine, Global health, Human, Viruses, Research Article, COVID-19/therapy, medicine.medical_specialty, Health Care/statistics & numerical data, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), QH301-705.5, Science, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Disease severity, Preschool, Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity, Health Care, Epidemiology and Global Health, Emergency medicine, Observational study, business
Abstract: Background:There is potentially considerable variation in the nature and duration of the care provided to hospitalised patients during an infectious disease epidemic or pandemic. Improvements in care and clinician confidence may shorten the time spent as an inpatient, or the need for admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit (HDU). On the other hand, limited resources at times of high demand may lead to rationing. Nevertheless, these variables may be used as static proxies for disease severity, as outcome measures for trials, and to inform planning and logistics.Methods:We investigate these time trends in an extremely large international cohort of 142,540 patients hospitalised with COVID-19. Investigated are: time from symptom onset to hospital admission, probability of ICU/HDU admission, time from hospital admission to ICU/HDU admission, hospital case fatality ratio (hCFR) and total length of hospital stay.Results:Time from onset to admission showed a rapid decline during the first months of the pandemic followed by peaks during August/September and December 2020. ICU/HDU admission was more frequent from June to August. The hCFR was lowest from June to August. Raw numbers for overall hospital stay showed little variation, but there is clear decline in time to discharge for ICU/HDU survivors.Conclusions:Our results establish that variables of these kinds have limitations when used as outcome measures in a rapidly evolving situation.Funding:This work was supported by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and Wellcome [215091/Z/18/Z] and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1209135]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Published: 2021

26. Access to Intensive Care Unit Care for Elderly Patients with COVID-19 in Portugal

Author: André Borges, Rui Moreno, Guilherme Domingos, Filipe S. Cardoso, Ana C P Araujo, Nuno Germano, Isabel Botelho, André Real, Luís Bento, and R. A. Pereira
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Acesso a cuidados de saúde, elderly, law.invention, access to healthcare, symbols.namesake, Idosos, law, medicine, Fisher's exact test, Mechanical ventilation, business.industry, Health Policy, Incidence (epidemiology), lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Retrospective cohort study, lcsh:RA1-1270, Triage, Intensive care unit, portugal, covid-19, Emergency medicine, Cohort, symbols, Number needed to treat, Commentary, business
Abstract: The overstretched intensive care unit (ICU) capacity during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic generated a debate about age being an important criterion for triaging patients with COVID-19 for ICU admission [1, 2]. In Portugal, as of April 30, 2020, there have been 24,987 cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection (6,136 [24.5%] patients aged ≥70 years) and 1,007 individuals have died from COVID-19 (878 [87.2%] patients aged ≥70 years) [3, 4]. This was a multicenter retrospective cohort using data retrieved from the ICU databases. For comparisons between variables, we used χ2 or Fisher exact tests (SPSS V20; IBM Corp., North Castle, NY, USA). As of April 30, in 6 hospitals in Lisbon (catchment area of 1.2 million people), 95 (4.8% of a total of 1,988 cases) patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (nasal/pharynx swab or respiratory secretions with positive SARS-CoV2 by real-time polymerase chain reaction) were admitted to the ICU, with 39 (41.1%) patients aged ≥70 years. Overall, 94 (98.9%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Among those aged ≥70 years, 38 (97.4%) patients required IMV and only 1 (2.6%) patient was managed solely with a high-flow nasal cannula. Overall, the mean (±SD) sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score on ICU admission was 7 (±3), and 16 (16.8%) patients did not survive the ICU stay. Four ICU (70.5% of the 95 patients included) were using the Clinical Frailty Scale to help triage patients with COVID-19 for ICU admission, with those having >6 points being generally declined for ICU care [5]. In 5 (12.8%) patients aged ≥70 years, do-not-resuscitate decisions were established during the ICU stay. In this cohort, patients aged ≥70 years were twice more likely to be admitted to the ICU than others (Table 1; RR = 2.14; 95% CI 1.44–3.18). Moreover, patients aged ≥70 years had access to IMV (RR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.93–1.03) and mean SOFA scores similar to those of others (8 vs. 7; RR = 1.38; 95% CI 0.47–4.07). However, patients aged ≥70 years were 6 times more likely to die in the ICU than others (RR = 6.22; 95% CI 1.90–20.39). Alternatively, of every 4 patients aged ≥70 years admitted to the ICU, 1 derived a survival benefit from ICU care (number needed to treat: 4; 95% CI 2–8). Our findings suggest that chronological age was not a limitative criterion for ICU admission in patients with COVID-19. More likely, clinicians pondered factors such as the number and severity of comorbidities, the presence and severity of frailty, and the number and severity of acute organ dysfunctions [5]. The following limitations warrant consideration. First, the COVID-19 incidence decreased a few weeks following the lockdown imposed by the Portuguese government on March 18 (from a peak of 1,516 cases on April 10 to 368 cases on April 30) [3]. Second, the peak ICU bed occupancy rate occurred on April 6 (60.1% of the total national capacity) [4]. Finally, data on comorbidities and patients declined for ICU admission were not captured and thus we could not weigh for those potential confounders. In conclusion, access to ICU care for elderly patients with COVID-19 may be preserved during the pandemic, especially if there is no strained ICU capacity. While patients aged ≥70 years may incur in a higher mortality, those selected by ICU clinicians may benefit from ICU care. Statement of Ethics Informed consent was waived due to the observational nature of this study. Conflicts of Interest Statement The authors have no conflict of interests to declare. Funding Sources The authors have no funding sources to declare. Author Contributions F.S.C., A.B., I.B., A.R., G.D., A.C.A., and R.P. collected the data. F.S.C. analyzed and interpreted the data. F.S.C. and A.B. drafted this paper. All of the authors read and approved the final version of this work.
Published: 2020

27. The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response

Author: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Shingo Adachi, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Quratul Ain, Kate Ainscough, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Tanvir Alam, Tala Al-dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, João Melo Alves, Rita Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Heidi Ammerlaan, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Kazi Rubayet Anwar, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Rajeshwari Arali, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Ana Aroca, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Motohiro Asaki, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Sheharyar Ashraf, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J. Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Cheryl Bartone, Joaquín Baruch, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Diego Bastos, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Adam Betz, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Lucille Blumberg, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Matthew Brack, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, Stephen Brett, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Alex Browne, Shaunagh Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Erlina Burhan, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Cam, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Chloe Carpenter, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Ed Carton, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Mobin Chaudary, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin-Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Hwa Jin Cho, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Anna Ciullo, Emma Clarke, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, J. Perren Cobb, Necsoi Coca, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sarah Cormican, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Alberto Cucino, Ailbhe Cullen, Caroline Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Andrew Dagens, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Federico D'Amico, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Emmanuelle A Dankwa, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D’Aragon, Mark de Boer, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallée, Santi Dewayanti, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Devika Dixit, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Christl A. Donnelly, Maria Donnelly, Chloe Donohue, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Ciara Doran, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Jake Dunning, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Martina Escher, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Jeremy J. Farrar, Nataly Farshait, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Laura Feeney, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Ricard Ferrer-Roca, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, Juan Fiorda, Thomas Flament, Clara Flateau, Tom Fletcher, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Claire Foley, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Dr Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Nathalie Gagné, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Phil Gallagher, Elena Gallego Curto, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Noelia García Barrio, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Nathalie Gault, Aisling Gavin, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, praveen kumar ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Carlo Giaquinto, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Judy Gitahi, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Jonathan Golob, Rui Gomes, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Anthony Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Fabio Guarracino, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Nadir Hadri, Olena Haidash, Saeeda Haider, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Matthew Hall, Sophie Halpin, Ansley Hamer, Raph Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez, Maxime Hentzien, Fivzia Herekar, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Daniel Herr, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Dawn Higgins, Eibhilin Higgins, Grainne HigginsOKeeffe, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Peter Horby, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Kota Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Palliya Guruge Pramodya Ishani Ishani, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Junji Itai, Asami Ito, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Pierre Jaquet, Waasila Jassat, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Issrah Jawad, Denise Jaworsky, Devachandran Jayakumar, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, van der Palen Job, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N. Jorge García, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Jennifer June, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Saima Kamal, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Ravi Kant, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Bipin Karki, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Christiana Kartsonaki, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Simreen Kaur Johal, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Paul Kellam, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Evelyne Kestelyn, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Sushil Khanal, Michelle E Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Volkan Korten, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Sudhir Krishnan, Vinothini Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, James Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Samantha Lissauer, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Samual MacDonald, Sarah MacDonald, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Juan Macias Sanchez, Jai Madhok, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Jose M. Mandei, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Kishore Mangal, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant`Ana Malaque, Daniel Marino, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, Juan Fernado Masa Jimenez, David Maslove, Phillip Mason, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Lorraine McAndrew, Colin McArthur, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, Laura Merson, António Mesquita, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Giuliano Michelagnoli, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Asma Moin, David Molina, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Ben Morton, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Caroline Mudara, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Muller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Lorna Murphy, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Namra N, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita A Nekliudov, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Bernardo Neves, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Alistair Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Conar O'Neil, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Andrés Orquera, Jamel Ortoleva, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Clark Owyang, Eric Oziol, H M Upulee Pabasara, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Mario Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Prasan Kumar Panda, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Briseida Parra, Vieri Parrini, Taha Pasha, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Junaid Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Juliette Patrier, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Luis Periel, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Scott Pharand, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Carola Pierobon, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Lionel Piroth, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Daniel Plotkin, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Jolanta Popielska, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Mark G. Pritchard, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Oriane Puéchal, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Matteo Puntoni, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Gabrielle Ragazzo, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Arsalan Rahutullah, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Nipunie Rajapakse, Azrina Ralib, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Kollengode Ramanathan, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Ali Rehan, Attaur Rehman, Liadain Reid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jordi Rello, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Liliana Resende, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tiago Reyes, Maria Ines Ribeiro, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Jordi Riera, Ana L Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Nicholas Rizer, Doug Robb, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Julia Rodriguez Abreu, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Emmanuel Roilides, Amanda Rojek, Juliette Romaru, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque Jr, Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Maria Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Pranya Sakiyalak, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Gabriele Sales, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Olivier Sanchez, Xavier Sánchez Choez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Sandulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Raymond Savio, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Caroline Semaille, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Mohammad Shamsah, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, Haixia Shi, Nisreen Shiban, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Takuya Shiga, Nobuaki Shime, Hiroaki Shimizu, Keiki Shimizu, Naoki Shimizu, Nahoko Shindo, Sally Shrapnel, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Jeanne Sibiude, Atif Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Budha Charan Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Monserrat Solis, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Samantha Strudwick, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey A Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Le Van Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Clarice Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Hussain Tanveer, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S. Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, David Thomson, Emma C. Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Duong Bich Thuy, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Timo Tolppa, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Damien Traynor, Théo Treoux, Huynh Trung Trieu, Swagata Tripathy, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Zubair Umer, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Cristinava Vajdovics, Luís Val-Flores, Ana Luiza Valle, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Marlice van Dyk, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Steven van Lelyveld, Carolien van Netten, Gitte Van Twillert, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Pooja Varghese, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Helen Vaughan, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Joy Ann Villanueva, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steven Anthony Webb, Jia Wei, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Suzette Willems, Virginie Williams, Evert-Jan Wils, Ng Wing Yiu, Calvin Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Ioannis Xynogalas, Sophie Yacoub, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, David Zucman, ESTACA'Lab ( ESTACA'Lab ), École Supérieure des Techniques Aéronautiques et de Construction Automobile (ESTACA), Laboratoire d’Ingénierie Circulation Transport et Éco-gestion des systèmes énergétiques pour les transports (LICIT-Eco7), École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Gustave Eiffel, St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University [New York], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wichita State University, Indo-French Center for Groundwater Research (IFCGR), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-National Geophysical Research Institute [Hyderabad] (NGRI), National Geophysical Research Institute [Hyderabad] (NGRI), Department of Zoology [Rawalpindi, Pakistan], Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University = PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi (AAUR), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Abbas A., Abdukahil S.A., Abdulkadir N.N., Abe R., Abel L., Absil L., Acharya S., Acker A., Adachi S., Adam E., Adriao D., Ageel S.A., Ahmed S., Ain Q., Ainscough K., Aisa T., Ait Hssain A., Ait Tamlihat Y., Akimoto T., Akmal E., Al Qasim E., Alalqam R., Alam T., Al-dabbous T., Alegesan S., Alegre C., Alessi M., Alex B., Alexandre K., Al-Fares A., Alfoudri H., Ali I., Ali Shah N., Alidjnou K.E., Aliudin J., Alkhafajee Q., Allavena C., Allou N., Altaf A., Alves J., Alves J.M., Alves R., Amaral M., Amira N., Ammerlaan H., Ampaw P., Andini R., Andrejak C., Angheben A., Angoulvant F., Ansart S., Anthonidass S., Antonelli M., Antunes de Brito C.A., Anwar K.R., Apriyana A., Arabi Y., Aragao I., Arali R., Arancibia F., Araujo C., Arcadipane A., Archambault P., Arenz L., Arlet J.-B., Arnold-Day C., Aroca A., Arora L., Arora R., Artaud-Macari E., Aryal D., Asaki M., Asensio A., Ashley E., Ashraf M., Ashraf S., Asim M., Assie J.B., Asyraf A., Atique A., Attanyake A.U.L., Auchabie J., Aumaitre H., Auvet A., Azemar L., Azoulay C., Bach B., Bachelet D., Badr C., Baig N., Baillie J.K., Baird J.K., Bak E., Bakakos A., Bakar N.A., Bal A., Balakrishnan M., Balan V., Bani-Sadr F., Barbalho R., Barbosa N.Y., Barclay W.S., Barnett S.U., Barnikel M., Barrasa H., Barrelet A., Barrigoto C., Bartoli M., Bartone C., Baruch J., Bashir M., Basmaci R., Basri M.F.H., Bastos D., Battaglini D., Bauer J., Bautista Rincon D.F., Bazan Dow D., Bedossa A., Bee K.H., Behilill S., Beishuizen A., Beljantsev A., Bellemare D., Beltrame A., Beltrao B.A., Beluze M., Benech N., Benjiman L.E., Benkerrou D., Bennett S., Bento L., Berdal J.-E., Bergeaud D., Bergin H., Bernal Sobrino J.L., Bertoli G., Bertolino L., Bessis S., Betz A., Bevilcaqua S., Bezulier K., Bhatt A., Bhavsar K., Bianchi I., Bianco C., Bidin F.N., Bikram Singh M., Bin Humaid F., Bin Kamarudin M.N., Bissuel F., Biston P., Bitker L., Blanco-Schweizer P., Blier C., Bloos F., Blot M., Blumberg L., Boccia F., Bodenes L., Bogaarts A., Bogaert D., Boivin A.-H., Bolze P.-A., Bompart F., Bonfasius A., Borges D., Borie R., Bosse H.M., Botelho-Nevers E., Bouadma L., Bouchaud O., Bouchez S., Bouhmani D., Bouhour D., Bouiller K., Bouillet L., Bouisse C., Boureau A.-S., Bourke J., Bouscambert M., Bousquet A., Bouziotis J., Boxma B., Boyer-Besseyre M., Boylan M., Bozza F.A., Brack M., Braconnier A., Braga C., Brandenburger T., Bras Monteiro F., Brazzi L., Breen D., Breen P., Brett S., Brickell K., Broadley T., Browne A., Browne S., Brozzi N., Brusse-Keizer M., Buchtele N., Buesaquillo C., Bugaeva P., Buisson M., Burhan E., Burrell A., Bustos I.G., Butnaru D., Cabie A., Cabral S., Caceres E., Cadoz C., Callahan M., Calligy K., Calvache J.A., Cam J., Campana V., Campbell P., Campisi J., Canepa C., Cantero M., Caraux-Paz P., Carcel S., Cardellino C.S., Cardoso F., Cardoso N., Cardoso S., Carelli S., Carlier N., Carmoi T., Carney G., Carpenter C., Carqueja I., Carret M.-C., Carrier F.M., Carroll I., Carson G., Carton E., Casanova M.-L., Cascao M., Casey S., Casimiro J., Cassandra B., Castaneda S., Castanheira N., Castor-Alexandre G., Castrillon H., Castro I., Catarino A., Catherine F.-X., Cattaneo P., Cavalin R., Cavalli G.G., Cavayas A., Ceccato A., Cervantes-Gonzalez M., Chair A., Chakveatze C., Chan A., Chand M., Chantalat Auger C., Chapplain J.-M., Chas J., Chaudary M., Chavez Iniguez J.S., Chen A., Chen Y.-S., Cheng M.P., Cheret A., Chiarabini T., Chica J., Chidambaram S.K., Chin-Tho L., Chirouze C., Chiumello D., Cho H.J., Cho S.-M., Cholley B., Chopin M.-C., Chow T.S., Chow Y.P., Chua H.J., Chua J., Cidade J.P., Cisneros Herreros J.M., Citarella B.W., Ciullo A., Clarke E., Clarke J., Claure Del Granado R., Clohisey S., Cobb J.P., Coca N., Codan C., Cody C., Coelho A., Coles M., Colin G., Collins M., Colombo S.M., Combs P., Connolly J., Connor M., Conrad A., Contreras S., Conway E., Cooke G.S., Copland M., Cordel H., Corley A., Cormican S., Cornelis S., Cornet A.D., Corpuz A.J., Cortegiani A., Corvaisier G., Costigan E., Couffignal C., Couffin-Cadiergues S., Courtois R., Cousse S., Cregan R., Crepy D'Orleans C., Croonen S., Crowl G., Crump J., Cruz C., Cruz Berm J.L., Cruz Rojo J., Csete M., Cucino A., Cullen A., Cullen C., Cummings M., Curley G., Curlier E., Curran C., Custodio P., da Silva Filipe A., Da Silveira C., Dabaliz A.-A., Dagens A., Dahly D., Dalton H., Dalton J., Daly S., D'Amico F., Daneman N., Daniel C., Dankwa E.A., Dantas J., D'Aragon F., de Boer M., de Loughry G., de Mendoza D., De Montmollin E., de Oliveira Franca R.F., de Pinho Oliveira A.I., De Rosa R., de Silva T., de Vries P., Deacon J., Dean D., Debard A., DeBenedictis B., Debray M.-P., DeCastro N., Dechert W., Deconninck L., Decours R., Defous E., Delacroix I., Delaveuve E., Delavigne K., Delfos N.M., Deligiannis I., Dell'Amore A., Delmas C., Delobel P., Delsing C., Demonchy E., Denis E., Deplanque D., Depuydt P., Desai M., Descamps D., Desvallee M., Dewayanti S., Diallo A., Diamantis S., Dias A., Diaz P., Diaz R., Diaz Diaz J.J., Didier K., Diehl J.-L., Dieperink W., Dimet J., Dinot V., Diop F., Diouf A., Dishon Y., Dixit D., Djossou F., Docherty A.B., Doherty H., Dondorp A.M., Dong A., Donnelly C.A., Donnelly M., Donohue C., Donohue S., Donohue Y., Doran C., Doran P., Dorival C., D'Ortenzio E., Douglas J.J., Douma R., Dournon N., Downer T., Downey J., Downing M., Drake T., Driscoll A., Dryden M., Duarte Fonseca C., Dubee V., Dubos F., Ducancelle A., Duculan T., Dudman S., Duggal A., Dunand P., Dunning J., Duplaix M., Durante-Mangoni E., Durham III L., Dussol B., Duthoit J., Duval X., Dyrhol-Riise A.M., Ean S.C., Echeverria-Villalobos M., Egan S., Eira C., El Sanharawi M., Elapavaluru S., Elharrar B., Ellerbroek J., Eloy P., Elshazly T., Elyazar I., Enderle I., Endo T., Eng C.C., Engelmann I., Enouf V., Epaulard O., Escher M., Esperatti M., Esperou H., Esposito-Farese M., Estevao J., Etienne M., Ettalhaoui N., Everding A.G., Evers M., Fabre I., Fabre M., Faheem A., Fahy A., Fairfield C.J., Fakar Z., Faria P., Farooq A., Farrar J.J., Farshait N., Fateena H., Fatoni A.Z., Faure K., Favory R., Fayed M., Feely N., Feeney L., Fernandes J., Fernandes M., Fernandes S., Ferrand F.-X., Ferrand Devouge E., Ferrao J., Ferraz M., Ferreira B., Ferreira S., Ferrer-Roca R., Ferriere N., Ficko C., Figueiredo-Mello C., Fiorda J., Flament T., Flateau C., Fletcher T., Florio L.L., Flynn B., Flynn D., Foley C., Foley J., Fomin V., Fonseca T., Fontela P., Forsyth S., Foster D., Foti G., Fourn E., Fowler R.A., Fraher D.M., Franch-Llasat D., Fraser C., Fraser J.F., Freire M.V., Freitas Ribeiro A., Friedrich C., Fritz R., Fry S., Fuentes N., Fukuda M., Gaborieau V., Gaci R., Gagliardi M., Gagnard J.-C., Gagne N., Gagneux-Brunon A., Gaiao S., Gail Skeie L., Gallagher P., Gallego Curto E., Gamble C., Gani Y., Garan A., Garcia R., Garcia Barrio N., Garcia-Diaz J., Garcia-Gallo E., Garimella N., Garot D., Garrait V., Gauli B., Gault N., Gavin A., Gavrylov A., Gaymard A., Gebauer J., Geraud E., Gerbaud Morlaes L., Germano N., ghisulal P.K., Ghosn J., Giani M., Giaquinto C., Gibson J., Gigante T., Gilg M., Gilroy E., Giordano G., Girvan M., Gissot V., Gitahi J., Giwangkancana G., Glikman D., Glybochko P., Gnall E., Goco G., Goehringer F., Goepel S., Goffard J.-C., Goh J.Y., Golob J., Gomes R., Gomez K., Gomez-Junyent J., Gominet M., Gonzalez A., Gordon P., Gordon A., Gorenne I., Goubert L., Goujard C., Goulenok T., Grable M., Graf J., Grandin E.W., Granier P., Grasselli G., Grazioli L., Green C.A., Greene C., Greenhalf W., Greffe S., Grieco D.L., Griffee M., Griffiths F., Grigoras I., Groenendijk A., Grosse Lordemann A., Gruner H., Gu Y., Guarracino F., Guedj J., Guego M., Guellec D., Guerguerian A.-M., Guerreiro D., Guery R., Guillaumot A., Guilleminault L., Guimaraes de Castro M., Guimard T., Haalboom M., Haber D., Habraken H., Hachemi A., Hadri N., Haidash O., Haider S., Haidri F., Hakak S., Hall A., Hall M., Halpin S., Hamer A., Hamers R., Hamidfar R., Hammond T., Han L.Y., Haniffa R., Hao K.W., Hardwick H., Harrison E.M., Harrison J., Harrison S.B.E., Hartman A., Hashmi J., Hashmi M., Hayat M., Hayes A., Hays L., Heerman J., Heggelund L., Hendry R., Hennessy M., Henriquez A., Hentzien M., Herekar F., Hernandez-Montfort J., Herr D., Hershey A., Hesstvedt L., Hidayah A., Higgins D., Higgins E., HigginsOKeeffe G., Hinchion R., Hinton S., Hiraiwa H., Hitoto H., Ho A., Ho Y.B., Hoctin A., Hoffmann I., Hoh W.H., Hoiting O., Holt R., Holter J.C., Horby P., Horcajada J.P., Hoshino K., Houas I., Hough C.L., Houltham S., Hsu J.M.-Y., Hulot J.-S., Hussain I., Ijaz S., Illes H.-G., Imbert P., Imran M., Imran Sikander R., Inacio H., Infante Dominguez C., Ing Y.S., Iosifidis E., Ippolito M., Isgett S., Ishani P.G.P.I., Isidoro T., Ismail N., Isnard M., Itai J., Ito A., Ivulich D., Jaafar D., Jaafoura S., Jabot J., Jackson C., Jamieson N., Jaquet P., Jassat W., Jaud-Fischer C., Jaureguiberry S., Javidfar J., Jawad I., Jaworsky D., Jayakumar D., Jego F., Jelani A.M., Jenum S., Jimbo-Sotomayor R., Job V.D.P., Joe O.Y., Jorge Garcia R.N., Joseph C., Joseph M., Joshi S., Jourdain M., Jouvet P., June J., Jung A., Jung H., Juzar D., Kafif O., Kaguelidou F., Kaisbain N., Kaleesvran T., Kali S., Kalicinska A., Kalomoiri S., Kamal S., Kamaluddin M.A.A., Kamaruddin Z.A.C., Kamarudin N., Kandamby D.H., Kandel C., Kang K.Y., Kant R., Kanwal D., Kanyawati D., Karki B., Karpayah P., Karsies T., Kartsonaki C., Kasugai D., Kataria A., Katz K., Kaur A., Kaur Johal S., Kawasaki T., Kay C., Keane H., Keating S., Kellam P., Kelly A., Kelly C., Kelly N., Kelly S., Kelly Y., Kelsey M., Kennedy R., Kennon K., Kernan M., Kerroumi Y., Keshav S., Kestelyn E., Khalid I., Khalid O., Khalil A., Khan C., Khan I., Khanal S., Kho M.E., Khoo D., Khoo R., Khoo S., Khoso N., Kiat K.H., Kida Y., Kiiza P., Kildal A.B., Kim J.B., Kimmoun A., Kindgen-Milles D., King A., Kitamura N., Klenerman P., Klont R., Kloumann Bekken G., Knight S., Kobbe R., Kodippily C., Kohns Vasconcelos M., Koirala S., Komatsu M., Korten V., Kosgei C., Kpangon A., Krawczyk K., Krishnan S., Krishnan V., Kruglova O., Kumar A., Kumar D., Kumar G., Kumar M., Kumar Vecham P., Kuriakose D., Kurtzman E., Kusumastuti N.P., Kutsogiannis D., Kutsyna G., Kyriakoulis K., Lachatre M., Lacoste M., Laffey J.G., Lagrange M., Laine F., Lairez O., Lakhey S., Lalueza A., Lambert M., Lamontagne F., Langelot-Richard M., Langlois V., Lantang E.Y., Lanza M., Laouenan C., Laribi S., Lariviere D., Lasry S., Latif N., Launay O., Laureillard D., Lavie-Badie Y., Law A., Lawrence C., Lawrence T., Le M., Le Bihan C., Le Bris C., Le Falher G., Le Fevre L., Le Hingrat Q., Le Marechal M., Le Mestre S., Le Moal G., Le Moing V., Le Nagard H., Le Turnier P., Leal E., Leal Santos M., Lee B.H., Lee H.G., Lee J., Lee S.H., Lee T.C., Lee Y.L., Leeming G., Lefebvre B., Lefebvre L., Lefevre B., LeGac S., Lelievre J.-D., Lellouche F., Lemaignen A., Lemee V., Lemeur A., Lemmink G., Lene H.S., Lennon J., Leon R., Leone M., Lepiller Q., Lescure F.-X., Lesens O., Lesouhaitier M., Lester-Grant A., Levy B., Levy Y., Levy-Marchal C., Lewandowska K., L'Her E., Li Bassi G., Liang J., Liaquat A., Liegeon G., Lim K.C., Lim W.S., Lima C., Lina B., Lina L., Lind A., Lingas G., Lion-Daolio S., Lissauer S., Liu K., Livrozet M., Lizotte P., Loforte A., Lolong N., Loon L.C., Lopes D., Lopez-Colon D., Loschner A.L., Loubet P., Loufti B., Louis G., Lourenco S., Lovelace-Macon L., Low L.L., Lowik M., Loy J.S., Lucet J.C., Lumbreras Bermejo C., Luna C.M., Lungu O., Luong L., Luque N., Luton D., Lwin N., Lyons R., Maasikas O., Mabiala O., MacDonald S., Machado M., Macheda G., Macias Sanchez J., Madhok J., Maestro de la Calle G., Mahieu R., Mahy S., Maia A.R., Maier L.S., Maillet M., Maitre T., Malfertheiner M., Malik N., Mallon P., Maltez F., Malvy D., Manda V., Mandei J.M., Mandelbrot L., Manetta F., Mangal K., Mankikian J., Manning E., Manuel A., Maria Sant`Ana Malaque C., Marino D., Marino F., Markowicz S., Maroun Eid C., Marques A., Marquis C., Marsh B., Marsh L., Marshal M., Marshall J., Martelli C.T., Martin D.-A., Martin E., Martin-Blondel G., Martinelli A., Martin-Loeches I., Martinot M., Martin-Quiros A., Martins A., Martins J., Martins N., Martins Rego C., Martucci G., Martynenko O., Marwali E.M., Marzukie M., Masa Jimenez J.F., Maslove D., Mason P., Mason S., Masood S., Mat Nor B., Matan M., Mateus Fernandes H., Mathew M., Mathieu D., Mattei M., Matulevics R., Maulin L., Maxwell M., Maynar J., Mazzoni T., Mc Sweeney L., McAndrew L., McArthur C., McCarthy A., McCloskey C., McConnochie R., McDermott S., McDonald S.E., McElroy A., McElwee S., McEneany V., McEvoy N., McGeer A., McKay C., McKeown J., McLean K.A., McNally P., McNicholas B., McPartlan E., Meaney E., Mear-Passard C., Mechlin M., Meher M., Mehkri O., Mele F., Melo L., Memon K., Mendes J.J., Menkiti O., Menon K., Mentre F., Mentzer A.J., Mercier E., Mercier N., Merckx A., Mergeay-Fabre M., Mergler B., Merson L., Mesquita A., Metwally O., Meybeck A., Meyer D., Meynert A.M., Meysonnier V., Meziane A., Mezidi M., Michelagnoli G., Michelanglei C., Michelet I., Mihelis E., Mihnovit V., Miranda-Maldonado H., Misnan N.A., Mohamed N.N.E., Mohamed T.J., Moin A., Molina D., Molinos E., Molloy B., Mone M., Monteiro A., Montes C., Montrucchio G., Moore S., Moore S.C., Morales Cely L., Moro L., Morocho Tutillo D.R., Morton B., Motherway C., Motos A., Mouquet H., Mouton Perrot C., Moyet J., Mudara C., Mufti A.K., Muh N.Y., Muhamad D., Mullaert J., Muller F., Muller K.E., Munblit D., Muneeb S., Munir N., Munshi L., Murphy A., Murphy L., Murris M., Murthy S., Musaab H., Muyandy G., Myrodia D.M., N N., Nagpal D., Nagrebetsky A., Narasimhan M., Narayanan N., Nasim Khan R., Nazerali-Maitland A., Neant N., Neb H., Nekliudov N.A., Nelwan E., Neto R., Neumann E., Neves B., Ng P.Y., Nghi A., Nguyen D., Ni Choileain O., Ni Leathlobhair N., Nichol A., Nitayavardhana P., Nonas S., Noordin N.A.M., Noret M., Norharizam N.F.I., Norman L., Notari A., Noursadeghi M., Nowicka K., Nowinski A., Nseir S., Nunez J.I., Nurnaningsih N., Nyamankolly E., O Brien F., O'Callaghan A., Occhipinti G., OConnor D., O'Donnell M., Ogston T., Ogura T., Oh T.-H., O'Halloran S., O'Hearn K., Ohshimo S., Oldakowska A., Oliveira J., Oliveira L., Olliaro P.L., O'Neil C., Ong D.S.Y., Ong J.Y., Oosthuyzen W., Opavsky A., Openshaw P., Orakzai S., Orozco-Chamorro C.M., Orquera A., Ortoleva J., Osatnik J., O'Shea L., O'Sullivan M., Othman S.Z., Ouamara N., Ouissa R., Owyang C., Oziol E., Pabasara H.M.U., Pagadoy M., Pages J., Palacios A., Palacios M., Palmarini M., Panarello G., Panda P.K., Paneru H., Pang L.H., Panigada M., Pansu N., Papadopoulos A., Parke R., Parker M., Parra B., Parrini V., Pasha T., Pasquier J., Pastene B., Patauner F., Patel J., Pathmanathan M.D., Patrao L., Patricio P., Patrier J., Patterson L., Pattnaik R., Paul C., Paul M., Paulos J., Paxton W.A., Payen J.-F., Peariasamy K., Pedrera Jimenez M., Peek G.J., Peelman F., Peiffer-Smadja N., Peigne V., Pejkovska M., Pelosi P., Peltan I.D., Pereira R., Perez D., Periel L., Perpoint T., Pesenti A., Pestre V., Petrou L., Petrov-Sanchez V., Pettersen F.O., Peytavin G., Pharand S., Piagnerelli M., Picard W., Picone O., de Piero M., Pierobon C., Piersma D., Pimentel C., Pinto R., Pires C., Pironneau I., Piroth L., Pius R., Piva S., Plantier L., Plotkin D., Png H.S., Poissy J., Pokeerbux R., Pokorska-Spiewak M., Poli S., Pollakis G., Ponscarme D., Popielska J., Post A.-M., Postma D.F., Povoa P., Povoas D., Powis J., Prapa S., Preau S., Prebensen C., Preiser J.-C., Prinssen A., Pritchard M.G., Priyadarshani G.D.D., Proenca L., Pudota S., Puechal O., Pujo Semedi B., Pulicken M., Puntoni M., Purcell G., Quesada L., Quinones-Cardona V., Quiros Gonzalez V., Quist-Paulsen E., Quraishi M., Rabaa M., Rabaud C., Rabindrarajan E., Rafael A., Rafiq M., Ragazzo G., Rahman A.K.H.A., Rahman R.A., Rahutullah A., Rainieri F., Rajahram G.S., Rajapakse N., Ralib A., Ramakrishnan N., Ramanathan K., Ramli A.A., Rammaert B., Ramos G.V., Rana A., Rangappa R., Ranjan R., Rapp C., Rashan A., Rashan T., Rasheed G., Rasmin M., Ratsep I., Rau C., Ravi T., Raza A., Real A., Rebaudet S., Redl S., Reeve B., Rehan A., Rehman A., Reid L., Reikvam D.H., Reis R., Rello J., Remppis J., Remy M., Ren H., Renk H., Resende L., Resseguier A.-S., Revest M., Rewa O., Reyes L.F., Reyes T., Ribeiro M.I., Richardson D., Richier L., Ridzuan S.N.A.A., Riera J., Rios A.L., Rishu A., Rispal P., Risso K., Rivera Nunez M.A., Rizer N., Robb D., Robba C., Roberto A., Roberts S., Robertson D.L., Robineau O., Roche-Campo F., Rodari P., Rodeia S., Rodriguez Abreu J., Roessler B., Roger C., Roger P.-M., Roilides E., Rojek A., Romaru J., Roncon-Albuquerque Jr R., Roriz M., Rosa-Calatrava M., Rose M., Rosenberger D., Rossanese A., Rossetti M., Rossignol B., Rossignol P., Rousset S., Roy C., Roze B., Rusmawatiningtyas D., Russell C.D., Ryan M., Ryckaert S., Rygh Holten A., Saba I., Sadaf S., Sadat M., Sahraei V., Saint-Gilles M., Sakiyalak P., Salahuddin N., Salazar L., Saleem J., Sales G., Sallaberry S., Salmon Gandonniere C., Salvator H., Sanchez O., Sanchez Choez X., Sanchez de Oliveira K., Sanchez-Miralles A., Sancho-Shimizu V., Sandhu G., Sandhu Z., Sandrine P.-F., Sandulescu O., Santos M., Sarfo-Mensah S., Sarmento Banheiro B., Sarmiento I.C.E., Sarton B., Satyapriya S., Satyawati R., Saviciute E., Savio R., Savvidou P., Saw Y.T., Schaffer J., Schermer T., Scherpereel A., Schneider M., Schroll S., Schwameis M., Schwartz G., Scott J.T., Scott-Brown J., Sedillot N., Seitz T., Selvanayagam J., Selvarajoo M., Semaille C., Semple M.G., Senian R.B., Senneville E., Sepulveda C., 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G., Suen J.Y., Sukumar P., Sultana A., Summers C., Supic D., Suppiah D., Surovcova M., Suwarti S., Svistunov A.A., Syahrin S., Syrigos K., Sztajnbok J., Szuldrzynski K., Tabrizi S., Taccone F.S., Tagherset L., Taib S.M., Talarek E., Taleb S., Talsma J., Tampubolon M.L., Tan K.K., Tan L.V., Tan Y.C., Tanaka C., Tanaka H., Tanaka T., Taniguchi H., Tanveer H., Taqdees H., Taqi A., Tardivon C., Tattevin P., Taufik M.A., Tawfik H., Tedder R.S., Tee T.Y., Teixeira J., Tejada S., Tellier M.-C., Teoh S.K., Teotonio V., Teoule F., Terpstra P., Terrier O., Terzi N., Tessier-Grenier H., Tey A., Thabit A.A.M., Tham Z.D., Thangavelu S., Thibault V., Thiberville S.-D., Thill B., Thirumanickam J., Thompson S., Thomson D., Thomson E.C., Thurai S.R.T., Thuy D.B., Thwaites R.S., Tierney P., Tieroshyn V., Timashev P.S., Timsit J.-F., Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan B.K., Tissot N., Toh J.Z.Y., Toki M., Tolppa T., Tonby K., Tonnii S.L., Torres A., Torres M., Torres Santos-Olmo R.M., Torres-Zevallos H., Towers M., Trapani T., Traynor D., Treoux T., Trieu H.T., Tripathy S., Tromeur C., Trontzas I., Trouillon T., Truong J., Tual C., Tubiana S., Tuite H., Turmel J.-M., Turtle L.C.W., Tveita A., Twardowski P., Uchiyama M., Udayanga P.I., Udy A., Ullrich R., Umer Z., Uribe A., Usman A., Vajdovics C., Val-Flores L., Valle A.L., Valran A., Van de Velde S., van den Berge M., van der Feltz M., van der Valk P., Van Der Vekens N., Van der Voort P., Van Der Werf S., van Dyk M., van Gulik L., Van Hattem J., van Lelyveld S., van Netten C., Van Twillert G., van Veen I., Vanel N., Vanoverschelde H., Varghese P., Varrone M., Vasudayan S.R., Vauchy C., Vaughan H., Veeran S., Veislinger A., Vencken S., Ventura S., Verbon A., Vidal J.E., Vieira C., Vijayan D., Villanueva J.A., Villar J., Villeneuve P.-M., Villoldo A., Vinh Chau N.V., Visseaux B., Visser H., Vitiello C., Vonkeman H., Vuotto F., Wahab N.H., Wahab S.A., Wahid N.A., Wainstein M., Wan Muhd Shukeri W.F., Wang C.-H., Webb S.A., Wei J., Weil K., Wen T.P., Wesselius S., West T.E., Wham M., Whelan B., White N., Wicky P.H., Wiedemann A., Wijaya S.O., Wille K., Willems S., Williams V., Wils E.-J., Wing Yiu N., Wong C., Wong T.F., Wong X.C., Wong Y.S., Xian G.E., Xian L.S., Xuan K.P., Xynogalas I., Yacoub S., Yakop S.R.B.M., Yamazaki M., Yazdanpanah Y., Yee Liang Hing N., Yelnik C., Yeoh C.H., Yerkovich S., Yokoyama T., Yonis H., Yousif O., Yuliarto S., Zaaqoq A., Zabbe M., Zacharowski K., Zahid M., Zahran M., Zaidan N.Z.B., Zambon M., Zambrano M., Zanella A., Zawadka K., Zaynah N., Zayyad H., Zoufaly A., Zucman D., NIHR, Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Abbas, A., Abdukahil, S. 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Z., Faure, K., Favory, R., Fayed, M., Feely, N., Feeney, L., Fernandes, J., Fernandes, M., Fernandes, S., Ferrand, F. -X., Ferrand Devouge, E., Ferrao, J., Ferraz, M., Ferreira, B., Ferreira, S., Ferrer-Roca, R., Ferriere, N., Ficko, C., Figueiredo-Mello, C., Fiorda, J., Flament, T., Flateau, C., Fletcher, T., Florio, L. L., Flynn, B., Flynn, D., Foley, C., Foley, J., Fomin, V., Fonseca, T., Fontela, P., Forsyth, S., Foster, D., Foti, G., Fourn, E., Fowler, R. A., Fraher, D. M., Franch-Llasat, D., Fraser, C., Fraser, J. F., Freire, M. V., Freitas Ribeiro, A., Friedrich, C., Fritz, R., Fry, S., Fuentes, N., Fukuda, M., Gaborieau, V., Gaci, R., Gagliardi, M., Gagnard, J. -C., Gagne, N., Gagneux-Brunon, A., Gaiao, S., Gail Skeie, L., Gallagher, P., Gallego Curto, E., Gamble, C., Gani, Y., Garan, A., Garcia, R., Garcia Barrio, N., Garcia-Diaz, J., Garcia-Gallo, E., Garimella, N., Garot, D., Garrait, V., Gauli, B., Gault, N., Gavin, A., Gavrylov, A., Gaymard, A., Gebauer, J., Geraud, E., Gerbaud Morlaes, L., Germano, N., Ghisulal, P. K., Ghosn, J., Giani, M., Giaquinto, C., Gibson, J., Gigante, T., Gilg, M., Gilroy, E., Giordano, G., Girvan, M., Gissot, V., Gitahi, J., Giwangkancana, G., Glikman, D., Glybochko, P., Gnall, E., Goco, G., Goehringer, F., Goepel, S., Goffard, J. -C., Goh, J. Y., Golob, J., Gomes, R., Gomez, K., Gomez-Junyent, J., Gominet, M., Gonzalez, A., Gordon, P., Gordon, A., Gorenne, I., Goubert, L., Goujard, C., Goulenok, T., Grable, M., Graf, J., Grandin, E. 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S., Lennon, J., Leon, R., Leone, M., Lepiller, Q., Lescure, F. -X., Lesens, O., Lesouhaitier, M., Lester-Grant, A., Levy, B., Levy, Y., Levy-Marchal, C., Lewandowska, K., L'Her, E., Li Bassi, G., Liang, J., Liaquat, A., Liegeon, G., Lim, K. C., Lim, W. S., Lima, C., Lina, B., Lina, L., Lind, A., Lingas, G., Lion-Daolio, S., Lissauer, S., Liu, K., Livrozet, M., Lizotte, P., Loforte, A., Lolong, N., Loon, L. C., Lopes, D., Lopez-Colon, D., Loschner, A. L., Loubet, P., Loufti, B., Louis, G., Lourenco, S., Lovelace-Macon, L., Low, L. L., Lowik, M., Loy, J. S., Lucet, J. C., Lumbreras Bermejo, C., Luna, C. M., Lungu, O., Luong, L., Luque, N., Luton, D., Lwin, N., Lyons, R., Maasikas, O., Mabiala, O., Macdonald, S., Machado, M., Macheda, G., Macias Sanchez, J., Madhok, J., Maestro de la Calle, G., Mahieu, R., Mahy, S., Maia, A. R., Maier, L. S., Maillet, M., Maitre, T., Malfertheiner, M., Malik, N., Mallon, P., Maltez, F., Malvy, D., Manda, V., Mandei, J. M., Mandelbrot, L., Manetta, F., Mangal, K., Mankikian, J., Manning, E., Manuel, A., Maria Sant`Ana Malaque, C., Marino, D., Marino, F., Markowicz, S., Maroun Eid, C., Marques, A., Marquis, C., Marsh, B., Marsh, L., Marshal, M., Marshall, J., Martelli, C. T., Martin, D. -A., Martin, E., Martin-Blondel, G., Martinelli, A., Martin-Loeches, I., Martinot, M., Martin-Quiros, A., Martins, A., Martins, J., Martins, N., Martins Rego, C., Martucci, G., Martynenko, O., Marwali, E. M., Marzukie, M., Masa Jimenez, J. F., Maslove, D., Mason, P., Mason, S., Masood, S., Mat Nor, B., Matan, M., Mateus Fernandes, H., Mathew, M., Mathieu, D., Mattei, M., Matulevics, R., Maulin, L., Maxwell, M., Maynar, J., Mazzoni, T., Mc Sweeney, L., Mcandrew, L., Mcarthur, C., Mccarthy, A., Mccloskey, C., Mcconnochie, R., Mcdermott, S., Mcdonald, S. E., Mcelroy, A., Mcelwee, S., Mceneany, V., Mcevoy, N., Mcgeer, A., Mckay, C., Mckeown, J., Mclean, K. A., Mcnally, P., Mcnicholas, B., Mcpartlan, E., Meaney, E., Mear-Passard, C., Mechlin, M., Meher, M., Mehkri, O., Mele, F., Melo, L., Memon, K., Mendes, J. J., Menkiti, O., Menon, K., Mentre, F., Mentzer, A. J., Mercier, E., Mercier, N., Merckx, A., Mergeay-Fabre, M., Mergler, B., Merson, L., Mesquita, A., Metwally, O., Meybeck, A., Meyer, D., Meynert, A. M., Meysonnier, V., Meziane, A., Mezidi, M., Michelagnoli, G., Michelanglei, C., Michelet, I., Mihelis, E., Mihnovit, V., Miranda-Maldonado, H., Misnan, N. A., Mohamed, N. N. E., Mohamed, T. J., Moin, A., Molina, D., Molinos, E., Molloy, B., Mone, M., Monteiro, A., Montes, C., Montrucchio, G., Moore, S., Moore, S. C., Morales Cely, L., Moro, L., Morocho Tutillo, D. R., Morton, B., Motherway, C., Motos, A., Mouquet, H., Mouton Perrot, C., Moyet, J., Mudara, C., Mufti, A. K., Muh, N. Y., Muhamad, D., Mullaert, J., Muller, F., Muller, K. E., Munblit, D., Muneeb, S., Munir, N., Munshi, L., Murphy, A., Murphy, L., Murris, M., Murthy, S., Musaab, H., Muyandy, G., Myrodia, D. M., N, N., Nagpal, D., Nagrebetsky, A., Narasimhan, M., Narayanan, N., Nasim Khan, R., Nazerali-Maitland, A., Neant, N., Neb, H., Nekliudov, N. A., Nelwan, E., Neto, R., Neumann, E., Neves, B., Ng, P. Y., Nghi, A., Nguyen, D., Ni Choileain, O., Ni Leathlobhair, N., Nichol, A., Nitayavardhana, P., Nonas, S., Noordin, N. A. M., Noret, M., Norharizam, N. F. I., Norman, L., Notari, A., Noursadeghi, M., Nowicka, K., Nowinski, A., Nseir, S., Nunez, J. I., Nurnaningsih, N., Nyamankolly, E., O Brien, F., O'Callaghan, A., Occhipinti, G., Oconnor, D., O'Donnell, M., Ogston, T., Ogura, T., Oh, T. -H., O'Halloran, S., O'Hearn, K., Ohshimo, S., Oldakowska, A., Oliveira, J., Oliveira, L., Olliaro, P. L., O'Neil, C., Ong, D. S. Y., Ong, J. Y., Oosthuyzen, W., Opavsky, A., Openshaw, P., Orakzai, S., Orozco-Chamorro, C. M., Orquera, A., Ortoleva, J., Osatnik, J., O'Shea, L., O'Sullivan, M., Othman, S. Z., Ouamara, N., Ouissa, R., Owyang, C., Oziol, E., Pabasara, H. M. U., Pagadoy, M., Pages, J., Palacios, A., Palacios, M., Palmarini, M., Panarello, G., Panda, P. K., Paneru, H., Pang, L. H., Panigada, M., Pansu, N., Papadopoulos, A., Parke, R., Parker, M., Parra, B., Parrini, V., Pasha, T., Pasquier, J., Pastene, B., Patauner, F., Patel, J., Pathmanathan, M. D., Patrao, L., Patricio, P., Patrier, J., Patterson, L., Pattnaik, R., Paul, C., Paul, M., Paulos, J., Paxton, W. A., Payen, J. -F., Peariasamy, K., Pedrera Jimenez, M., Peek, G. J., Peelman, F., Peiffer-Smadja, N., Peigne, V., Pejkovska, M., Pelosi, P., Peltan, I. D., Pereira, R., Perez, D., Periel, L., Perpoint, T., Pesenti, A., Pestre, V., Petrou, L., Petrov-Sanchez, V., Pettersen, F. O., Peytavin, G., Pharand, S., Piagnerelli, M., Picard, W., Picone, O., de Piero, M., Pierobon, C., Piersma, D., Pimentel, C., Pinto, R., Pires, C., Pironneau, I., Piroth, L., Pius, R., Piva, S., Plantier, L., Plotkin, D., Png, H. S., Poissy, J., Pokeerbux, R., Pokorska-Spiewak, M., Poli, S., Pollakis, G., Ponscarme, D., Popielska, J., Post, A. -M., Postma, D. F., Povoa, P., Povoas, D., Powis, J., Prapa, S., Preau, S., Prebensen, C., Preiser, J. -C., Prinssen, A., Pritchard, M. G., Priyadarshani, G. D. D., Proenca, L., Pudota, S., Puechal, O., Pujo Semedi, B., Pulicken, M., Puntoni, M., Purcell, G., Quesada, L., Quinones-Cardona, V., Quiros Gonzalez, V., Quist-Paulsen, E., Quraishi, M., Rabaa, M., Rabaud, C., Rabindrarajan, E., Rafael, A., Rafiq, M., Ragazzo, G., Rahman, A. K. H. A., Rahman, R. A., Rahutullah, A., Rainieri, F., Rajahram, G. S., Rajapakse, N., Ralib, A., Ramakrishnan, N., Ramanathan, K., Ramli, A. A., Rammaert, B., Ramos, G. V., Rana, A., Rangappa, R., Ranjan, R., Rapp, C., Rashan, A., Rashan, T., Rasheed, G., Rasmin, M., Ratsep, I., Rau, C., Ravi, T., Raza, A., Real, A., Rebaudet, S., Redl, S., Reeve, B., Rehan, A., Rehman, A., Reid, L., Reikvam, D. H., Reis, R., Rello, J., Remppis, J., Remy, M., Ren, H., Renk, H., Resende, L., Resseguier, A. -S., Revest, M., Rewa, O., Reyes, L. F., Reyes, T., Ribeiro, M. I., Richardson, D., Richier, L., Ridzuan, S. N. A. A., Riera, J., Rios, A. L., Rishu, A., Rispal, P., Risso, K., Rivera Nunez, M. A., Rizer, N., Robb, D., Robba, C., Roberto, A., Roberts, S., Robertson, D. L., Robineau, O., Roche-Campo, F., Rodari, P., Rodeia, S., Rodriguez Abreu, J., Roessler, B., Roger, C., Roger, P. -M., Roilides, E., Rojek, A., Romaru, J., Roncon-Albuquerque Jr, R., Roriz, M., Rosa-Calatrava, M., Rose, M., Rosenberger, D., Rossanese, A., Rossetti, M., Rossignol, B., Rossignol, P., Rousset, S., Roy, C., Roze, B., Rusmawatiningtyas, D., Russell, C. D., Ryan, M., Ryckaert, S., Rygh Holten, A., Saba, I., Sadaf, S., Sadat, M., Sahraei, V., Saint-Gilles, M., Sakiyalak, P., Salahuddin, N., Salazar, L., Saleem, J., Sales, G., Sallaberry, S., Salmon Gandonniere, C., Salvator, H., Sanchez, O., Sanchez Choez, X., Sanchez de Oliveira, K., Sanchez-Miralles, A., Sancho-Shimizu, V., Sandhu, G., Sandhu, Z., Sandrine, P. -F., Sandulescu, O., Santos, M., Sarfo-Mensah, S., Sarmento Banheiro, B., Sarmiento, I. C. E., Sarton, B., Satyapriya, S., Satyawati, R., Saviciute, E., Savio, R., Savvidou, P., Saw, Y. T., Schaffer, J., Schermer, T., Scherpereel, A., Schneider, M., Schroll, S., Schwameis, M., Schwartz, G., Scott, J. T., Scott-Brown, J., Sedillot, N., Seitz, T., Selvanayagam, J., Selvarajoo, M., Semaille, C., Semple, M. G., Senian, R. B., Senneville, E., Sepulveda, C., Sequeira, F., Sequeira, T., Serpa Neto, A., Serrano Balazote, P., Shadowitz, E., Shahidan, S. A., Shahnaz Hasan, M., Shamsah, M., Shankar, A., Sharjeel, S., Sharma, P., Shaw, C. A., Shaw, V., Shi, H., Shiban, N., Shiekh, M., Shiga, T., Shime, N., Shimizu, H., Shimizu, K., Shimizu, N., Shindo, N., Shrapnel, S., Shum, H. P., Si Mohammed, N., Siang, N. Y., Sibiude, J., Siddiqui, A., Sigfrid, L., Sillaots, P., Silva, C., Silva, M. J., Silva, R., Sim Lim Heng, B., Sin, W. C., Singh, B. C., Singh, P., Sitompul, P. A., Sivam, K., Skogen, V., Smith, S., Smood, B., Smyth, C., Smyth, M., Snacken, M., So, D., Soh, T. V., Solis, M., Solomon, J., Solomon, T., Somers, E., Sommet, A., Song, M. J., Song, R., Song, T., Song Chia, J., Sonntagbauer, M., Soom, A. M., Sotto, A., Soum, E., Sousa, A. C., Sousa, M., Sousa Uva, M., Souza-Dantas, V., Sperry, A., Spinuzza, E., Sri Darshana, B. P. S. R., Sriskandan, S., Stabler, S., Staudinger, T., Stecher, S. -S., Steinsvik, T., Stienstra, Y., Stiksrud, B., Stolz, E., Stone, A., Streinu-Cercel, A., Strudwick, S., Stuart, A., Stuart, D., Subekti, D., Suen, G., Suen, J. Y., Sukumar, P., Sultana, A., Summers, C., Supic, D., Suppiah, D., Surovcova, M., Suwarti, S., Svistunov, A. A., Syahrin, S., Syrigos, K., Sztajnbok, J., Szuldrzynski, K., Tabrizi, S., Taccone, F. S., Tagherset, L., Taib, S. M., Talarek, E., Taleb, S., Talsma, J., Tampubolon, M. L., Tan, K. K., Tan, L. V., Tan, Y. C., Tanaka, C., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, T., Taniguchi, H., Tanveer, H., Taqdees, H., Taqi, A., Tardivon, C., Tattevin, P., Taufik, M. A., Tawfik, H., Tedder, R. S., Tee, T. Y., Teixeira, J., Tejada, S., Tellier, M. -C., Teoh, S. K., Teotonio, V., Teoule, F., Terpstra, P., Terrier, O., Terzi, N., Tessier-Grenier, H., Tey, A., Thabit, A. A. M., Tham, Z. D., Thangavelu, S., Thibault, V., Thiberville, S. -D., Thill, B., Thirumanickam, J., Thompson, S., Thomson, D., Thomson, E. C., Thurai, S. R. T., Thuy, D. B., Thwaites, R. S., Tierney, P., Tieroshyn, V., Timashev, P. S., Timsit, J. -F., Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, B. K., Tissot, N., Toh, J. Z. Y., Toki, M., Tolppa, T., Tonby, K., Tonnii, S. L., Torres, A., Torres, M., Torres Santos-Olmo, R. M., Torres-Zevallos, H., Towers, M., Trapani, T., Traynor, D., Treoux, T., Trieu, H. T., Tripathy, S., Tromeur, C., Trontzas, I., Trouillon, T., Truong, J., Tual, C., Tubiana, S., Tuite, H., Turmel, J. -M., Turtle, L. C. W., Tveita, A., Twardowski, P., Uchiyama, M., Udayanga, P. I., Udy, A., Ullrich, R., Umer, Z., Uribe, A., Usman, A., Vajdovics, C., Val-Flores, L., Valle, A. L., Valran, A., Van de Velde, S., van den Berge, M., van der Feltz, M., van der Valk, P., Van Der Vekens, N., Van der Voort, P., Van Der Werf, S., van Dyk, M., van Gulik, L., Van Hattem, J., van Lelyveld, S., van Netten, C., Van Twillert, G., van Veen, I., Vanel, N., Vanoverschelde, H., Varghese, P., Varrone, M., Vasudayan, S. R., Vauchy, C., Vaughan, H., Veeran, S., Veislinger, A., Vencken, S., Ventura, S., Verbon, A., Vidal, J. E., Vieira, C., Vijayan, D., Villanueva, J. A., Villar, J., Villeneuve, P. -M., Villoldo, A., Vinh Chau, N. V., Visseaux, B., Visser, H., Vitiello, C., Vonkeman, H., Vuotto, F., Wahab, N. H., Wahab, S. A., Wahid, N. A., Wainstein, M., Wan Muhd Shukeri, W. F., Wang, C. -H., Webb, S. A., Wei, J., Weil, K., Wen, T. P., Wesselius, S., West, T. E., Wham, M., Whelan, B., White, N., Wicky, P. H., Wiedemann, A., Wijaya, S. O., Wille, K., Willems, S., Williams, V., Wils, E. -J., Wing Yiu, N., Wong, C., Wong, T. F., Wong, X. C., Wong, Y. S., Xian, G. E., Xian, L. S., Xuan, K. P., Xynogalas, I., Yacoub, S., Yakop, S. R. B. M., Yamazaki, M., Yazdanpanah, Y., Yee Liang Hing, N., Yelnik, C., Yeoh, C. H., Yerkovich, S., Yokoyama, T., Yonis, H., Yousif, O., Yuliarto, S., Zaaqoq, A., Zabbe, M., Zacharowski, K., Zahid, M., Zahran, M., Zaidan, N. Z. B., Zambon, M., Zambrano, M., Zanella, A., Zawadka, K., Zaynah, N., Zayyad, H., Zoufaly, A., Zucman, D., Intensive Care Medicine, and Group, The ISARIC Clinical Characterisation
Subjects: Biomedical Research, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical science, Global Health, Corrections, Microbiology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1108 Medical Microbiology, Pandemic, Economics, Humans, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group, Pandemics, COVID-19/epidemiology, Actuarial science, Information Dissemination, SARS-CoV-2, Comment, ISARIC, COVID-19, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Communicable Disease Control/methods, Infectious Diseases, Open source, Communicable Disease Control, Value (mathematics), Human
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

28. Elective surgery cancellations due to the COVID-19 pandemic: global predictive modelling to inform surgical recovery plans

Author: Annika Heuer, Abraham Hulst, NTIRENGANYA Faustin, Giacomo Monti, Stephen Choi, Edward J Caruana, Kresimir Oremus, Kathryn Haigh, Amanda Koh, Denis Protsenko, Ana Maria Minaya Bravo, Abegail Salvana, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Rhiannon Harries, Ayyaz Hussain, Sathish Muthu, Professor T E Madiba, Jie Wu, Maria Wittmann, Donaldo S Arteta-Arteta, Mona Momeni, Mary T. Nabukenya, Birender Balain, Irina Paziuk, Matthew Chan, TRIANTAFYLLIA KOUKOUBANI, Gabrielle Van Ramshorst, Gianluca Pellino, Haya Deeb, Daniele Sances, Salomone Di Saverio, Fernando Cordera, Olufemi Bankole, Patrice Forget, Chu Yik Tang, Daniel Conway, Alejandro Suarez de la Rica, E. Christiaan Boerma, Dion Morton, John Edwards, Markus W. Löffler, ANASTASIA SPARTINOU, Daiana Taddeo, VIKAS KAURA, David Choi, Akbar Vohra, Francesco Della Corte, Alexander Durst, Sebastian Tranca, Samuel Ford, Rajkumar Rajendram, Christina Bali, Bosede Afolabi, Nicola Petrucci, Anne Godier, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Rocco D'andrea, Dana Tomescu, Hans Lederhuber, LAURA GAVRIL, Chetan Khatri, Gabriela Droc, Rupert Pearse, Janet Martin, Ari Ercole, Ibironke Desalu, Dejan Radenkovic, Luis Martin-Villen, Alvaro Rea-Neto, Pablo Monedero, Thomas Pinkney, Stuart White, Antonino Spinelli, Manu Malbrain, Bisola Onajin-Obembe, Tom Lawton, Goran Tulic, R. Arthur Bouwman, Shaktiman Singh, Keith Couper, Benedikt Preckel, Osaid Alser, Isabel Gracia, Daniel Cox, Oumaima Outani, Luís Bento, Stephen Webb, Marzida Mansor, Florent Wallet, Konstantinos Stamatiou, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Bodil Steen Rasmussen, James Glasbey, Nelson Barros, Adewale Adisa, Olanrewaju Akanmu, Ryckie Wade, Joana Berger-Estilita, Stefano Turi, Sigita Kazune, Ewen Harrison, Mihai Stefan, ANTHONY ADENEKAN, Dhruva Ghosh, Sohini Chakrabortee, Mary Venn, Irène Santos, Michael Sander, Vincent Minville, Francisco Javier Redondo Calvo, Naomi Wright, Ismaïl LAWANI, James Haddow, Axel R. Heller, Anders Oldner, Cesar Aldecoa, Savino Spadaro, Robert Parker, Jibril Bello, Tamas Szakmany, Dhruv Parekh, Alberto ZANGRILLO, LUC HUYGHENS, Beatriz Tena, Tom Abbott, Richard Wilkin, Ulrich Goebel, Anca Irina Ristescu, RODRIGO POVES ALVAREZ, Carlos Silva Faria, Hidde M Kroon, José Azevedo, Herman Lule, Orestis Ioannidis, Sandra Jumbe, Peter Hutchinson, Ayaz Ali, Caroline Holaubek, Luke Hopkins, Kirsten Moller, Morten Bestle, Patricia Alfaro de la Torre, Hyla-Louise Kluyts, Evgeny Grigoryev, Shaman Jhanji, Timothy Cook, Carolina Soledad Romero Garcia, Wolfgang Buhre, Denny Levett, Stefan De Hert, Bianchin Andrea, Monir Jawad, Nicoletta Fossati, Matthias Unterberg, Gianluca Castellani, Oliver Warren, Simon Burg, Jose Trenado Álvarez, Franco Ruberto, Adeline Rankin, Arash Afshari, Gerald Ekwen, Helena Barrasa, Andrew Schache, Carlos Ferrando, Johannes Doerner, Hwei Jene Ng, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Sean Ezekiel Seow, Artigas Antonio, Pablo Lozano Lominchar, Dennis Mazingi, Giovanni LANDONI, Martin Hübner, Weng Ken Chan, Hassan Mashbari, Milagros Niquen-Jimenez, Timothy Short, Mikhail Kirov, Alexander Kulikov, Abdulmueti Alhadi, Frederick Van der Merwe, Mahmoud ElFiky, Kai Henrik Wiborg Lange, Gaetano Gallo, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde Gomes, Aneel Bhangu, Ioana Grigoras, Carlos Serón, Siobhan McKay, Ruth A Benson, Xavier Borrat, Markus Hollmann, Juan José Segura-Sampedro, Devnandan Chatterjee, and Birgitte Brandsborg
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, General surgery, 030230 surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Case mix index, Surgical recovery, Pandemic, medicine, Elective surgery, Elective Surgical Procedure, business, Elective caesarean, health care economics and organizations, Predictive modelling
Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine hospital services globally. This study estimated the total number of adult elective operations that would be cancelled worldwide during the 12 weeks of peak disruption due to COVID-19. Methods: A global expert response study was conducted to elicit projections for the proportion of elective surgery that would be cancelled or postponed during the 12 weeks of peak disruption. A Bayesian β-regression model was used to estimate 12-week cancellation rates for 190 countries. Elective surgical case-mix data, stratified by specialty and indication (surgery for cancer versus benign disease), were determined. This case mix was applied to country-level surgical volumes. The 12-week cancellation rates were then applied to these figures to calculate the total number of cancelled operations. Results: The best estimate was that 28 404 603 operations would be cancelled or postponed during the peak 12 weeks of disruption due to COVID-19 (2 367 050 operations per week). Most would be operations for benign disease (90·2 per cent, 25 638 922 of 28 404 603). The overall 12-week cancellation rate would be 72·3 per cent. Globally, 81·7 per cent of operations for benign conditions (25 638 922 of 31 378 062), 37·7 per cent of cancer operations (2 324 070 of 6 162 311) and 25·4 per cent of elective caesarean sections (441 611 of 1 735 483) would be cancelled or postponed. If countries increased their normal surgical volume by 20 per cent after the pandemic, it would take a median of 45 weeks to clear the backlog of operations resulting from COVID-19 disruption. Conclusion: A very large number of operations will be cancelled or postponed owing to disruption caused by COVID-19. Governments should mitigate against this major burden on patients by developing recovery plans and implementing strategies to restore surgical activity safely.
Published: 2020

29. Practical applications of nutritional scores

Author: Luís Bento and Rosa Mendes
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Critical Illness, MEDLINE, Nutritional Status, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intensive therapy, medicine, Humans, Medical nutrition therapy, Nutritional care, Intensive care medicine, business.industry, Critically ill, Nutritional Support, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, medicine.disease, Icu admission, Clinical Practice, Hospitalization, Malnutrition, Intensive Care Units, Nutrition Assessment, 030228 respiratory system, business
Abstract: Purpose of review Any intensive therapy requires individual adaptation, despite the standardization of the concepts that support them. Among these therapies, nutritional care has repeatedly been shown to influence clinical outcome. In order to evaluate the risk of malnutrition among critically ill patients and to identify those patients who may benefit from medical nutrition therapy is imperative to have a validated screening tool to optimize nutritional care.The scope of this review is to analyze the recent literature on the management of nutritional scores for patients admitted to the ICU. Recent findings Critically ill patient staying for more than 24-48 h in the ICU, if unable to eat, should be considered at risk for malnutrition. Several nutritional tools have been proposed but not all are validated to screening those patients. The limitations of existing screening tools are described. Summary Nutritional scores should be routinely performed at ICU admission according to recommended guidelines. An approach to incorporate these tools into everyday clinical practice is suggested.
Published: 2020

30. The accuracy of PiCCO¨r) in measuring cardiac output in patients under therapeutic hypothermia: Comparison with transthoracic echocardiography

Author: Marluce Alves, Luís Bento, Nuno Germano, Ana Luísa Papoila, S. Aguiar Rosa, T. Sequeira, T. Souto Moura, and R. Cavaco
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac output, medicine.medical_treatment, Thermodilution, Hemodynamics, Doppler echocardiography, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Tertiary Care Centers, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hypothermia, Induced, 030202 anesthesiology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Prospective Studies, Cardiac Output, Aged, Monitoring, Physiologic, Observer Variation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Critically ill, Limits of agreement, Temperature, Reproducibility of Results, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Middle Aged, Hypothermia, Echocardiography, Doppler, Anesthesia, Cardiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiac monitoring, business
Abstract: Invasive cardiac monitoring using thermodilution methods such as PiCCO® is widely used in critically ill patients and provides a wide range of hemodynamic variables, including cardiac output (CO). However, in post-cardiac arrest patients subjected to therapeutic hypothermia, the low body temperature possibly could interfere with the technique. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (ECHO) has long proved its accuracy in estimating CO, and is not influenced by temperature changes.To assess the accuracy of PiCCO® in measuring CO in patients under therapeutic hypothermia, compared with ECHO.Thirty paired COECHO/COPiCCO measurements were analyzed in 15 patients subjected to hypothermia after cardiac arrest. Eighteen paired measurements were obtained at under 36°C and 12 at ≥36°C. A value of 0.5l/min was considered the maximum accepted difference between the COECHO and COPiCCO values.Under conditions of normothermia (≥36°C), the mean difference between COECHO and COPiCCO was 0.030 l/min, with limits of agreement (-0.22, 0.28) - all of the measurements differing by less than 0.5 l/min. In situations of hypothermia (36°C), the mean difference in CO measurements was -0.426 l/min, with limits of agreement (-1.60, 0.75), and only 44% (8/18) of the paired measurements fell within the interval (-0.5, 0.5). The calculated temperature cut-off point maximizing specificity was 35.95°C: above this temperature, specificity was 100%, with a false-positive rate of 0%.The results clearly show clinically relevant discordance between COECHO and COPiCCO at temperatures of36°C, demonstrating the inaccuracy of PiCCO® for cardiac output measurements in hypothermic patients.
Published: 2018

31. HFNC oxygen therapy success and failure predictors: a portuguese ICU experience

Author: Tosato Valentina, Silva David, João Cardoso, Carolina Duarte Ferreira Dantas, Luís Bento, and Catarina Cardoso
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Oxygenation, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Intensive care unit, law.invention, Pneumonia, Respiratory failure, law, Oxygen therapy, Emergency medicine, medicine, Breathing, Intubation, business, Nasal cannula
Abstract: Introduction: High flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) therapy is an alternative in non-invasive ventilatory support for patients (pts) with acute respiratory failure (ARF). The ability to predict HFNC therapy outcome is a key point, allowing prompt endotracheal intubation in pts who are likely to fail. Objects: examine the experience of a portuguese general Intensive Care Unit with HFNC and to identify possible factors associated with success or failure, defined by the need of intubation. Methods: retrospective review of clinical data in a 16-month period comparing pts with 2 outcomes - success versus failure of HFNC therapy - using Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests. Results: 49 pts were admitted, where success occurred in 18 cases (36,7%) and failure in 31 (63,2%). Baseline characteristics such as age, gender and comorbidities were similar. The main reason for admission was respiratory failure due to pneumonia and both groups had similar severity scoring systems. Despite small sample size, group comparison revealed that HFNC failure was frequent when patients presented cardiovascular failure (p=0,01), which lead to higher mortality (5,6% vs 44,4%; p Conclusions: Cardiovascular failure and absence of improvement in oxygenation 24h and 48h of HFNC therapy may be considered as future predictors of HNFC failure, and can be useful to avoid intubation delay and increased mortality on patients who most likely will benefit from mechanical invasive ventilation.
Published: 2019

32. Time of admission to intensive care unit, strained capacity, and mortality: A retrospective cohort study

Author: Filipe S. Cardoso, Nuno Germano, Luís Bento, and Philip Fortuna
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Critical Care, health care facilities, manpower, and services, Apache II score, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Disease cluster, law.invention, Time-to-Treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient Admission, law, Medicine, Humans, In patient, Hospital Mortality, Aged, Bed Occupancy, Retrospective Studies, Icu mortality, Portugal, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, Intensive care unit, Icu admission, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, 030228 respiratory system, Emergency medicine, Female, business
Abstract: Purpose We sought to study the association between afterhours ICU admission and ICU mortality considering measures of strained ICU capacity. Materials and methods Retrospective analysis of 4141 admissions to 2 ICUs in Lisbon, Portugal (06/2016–06/2018). Primary exposure was ICU admission on 20:00 h–07:59 h. Primary outcome was ICU mortality. Measures of strained ICU capacity were: bed occupancy rate ≥ 90% and cluster of ICU admissions 2 h before or following index admission. Results There were 1581 (38.2%) afterhours ICU admissions. Median APACHE II score (19 vs. 20) was similar between patients admitted afterhours and others ( P = .27). Patients admitted afterhours had higher crude ICU mortality (15.4% vs. 21.9%; P P = .12). While bed occupancy rate ≥ 90% was more frequent in patients admitted afterhours (23.1% vs. 29.1%) or deceased in ICU (23.6% vs. 33.7%), cluster of ICU admissions was more frequent in patients admitted during daytime hours (75.2% vs. 58.9%) or that survived the ICU stay (70.1% vs. 63.9%; P ≤ .001 for all). These measures of strained ICU capacity were not associated with adjusted ICU mortality ( P ≥ .10 for both). Conclusions Afterhours ICU admission and measures of strained ICU capacity were associated with crude but not adjusted ICU mortality.
Published: 2019

33. The relationship between liquidity and profitability in the pharmaceutical industry a comparison between India and the United States

Author: Vasconcelos, Maria Luís Bento de Almeida Aguiar de and Ferreira, Leonor
Subjects: Liquidity, India, Profitability, Cash conversion cycle, United States, Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão [Domínio/Área Científica]
Abstract: This Work Project gives new insights into the liquidity and profitability relationship in the pharmaceutical industry, by adding epidemiological and economic variables to the debate. Between 2013 and 2017, the results show two significant relationships, positive in India, and negative in the United States (US). US producers are recommended to diversify and improve cost efficient processes, to decrease government dependency and increase customer reach. In Indian companies since working capital efficiency is a profitability driver, managers are recommended to sustain low production and skilled labour costs, and decrease cash conversion cycle and operating risk, while investing in marketing.
Published: 2019

34. Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada: Revisão da Experiência de um Centro Português de Referenciação

Author: Eduardo Barroso, João Machado, Rui Pereira, Philip Fortuna, Francisco Ribeiro, Rui Perdigoto, Paulo Marcelino, Luís Bagulho, Fernando Nolasco, Miguel Verdelho, Américo Martins, Élia Mateus, and Luís Bento
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, medicine.medical_treatment, Multi-organ failure, Single Center, Transplante hepático, Gastroenterology, CHLC UCI, Falência multiorgânica, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Statistical significance, medicine, Renal replacement therapy, lcsh:RC799-869, General Environmental Science, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Mortality rate, Acute kidney injury, HCC NEF, Retrospective cohort study, Doença hepática crónica agudizada, medicine.disease, Acute-on-chronic liver failure, 030104 developmental biology, Hepatic transplant, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Lesão renal aguda, Original Article, lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, CHLC CHBPT
Abstract: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome characterized by an acute deterioration of a patient with cirrhosis, frequently associated with multi-organ failure and a high short-term mortality rate. We present a retrospective study that aims to characterize the presentation, evolution, and outcome of patients diagnosed with ACLF at our center over the last 3 years, with a comparative analysis between the group of patients that had ACLF precipitated by infectious insults of bacterial origin and the group of those with ACLF triggered by a nonbacterial infectious insult; the incidence of acute kidney injury and its impact on the prognosis of ACLF was also analyzed. Twenty-nine patients were enrolled, the majority of them being male (89.6%), and the mean age was 53 years. Fourteen patients (48.3%) developed ACLF due to a bacterial infectious event, and 9 of them died (64.2%, overall mortality rate 31%); however, no statistical significance was found (p < 0.7). Of the remaining 15 patients (51.7%) with noninfectious triggers, 11 died (73.3%, overall mortality rate 37.9%); again there was no statistical significance (p < 0.7). Twenty-four patients (83%) developed acute kidney injury (overall mortality rate 65.5%; p < 0.022) at the 28-day and 90-day follow-up. Twelve patients had acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy (41.37%; overall mortality rate 37.9%; p < 0.043). Hepatic transplant was performed in 3 patients, with a 100% survival at the 28-day and 90-day follow-up (p < 0.023). Higher grades of ACLF were associated with increased mortality (p < 0.02; overall mortality 69%). Conclusions: ACLF is a heterogeneous syndrome with a variety of precipitant factors and different grades of extrahepatic involvement. Most cases will have some degree of renal dysfunction, with an increased risk of mortality. Hepatic transplant is an efficient form of therapy for this syndrome. A Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada/Falência é um síndrome caracterizado por uma deterioração aguda de um doente com cirrose, frequentemente associada com falência multiorgânica e elevada mortalidade a curto prazo. Apresentamos estudo retrospetivo que teve como objetivo caracterizar a apresentação, evolução e prognóstico de doentes diagnosticados com Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada/Falência no nosso Centro nos últimos 3 anos, comparando o grupo de doentes que tiveram Doença Hepática Crónica provocada por infeções bacterianas e os doentes com Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada/Falência desencadeada por precipitantes que não a infeção bacteriana; foi também analisada a incidência de lesão renal aguda e o seu impacto no prognóstico na Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada/Falência. Vinte e nove doente foram incluídos no estudo, a maioria do género masculino (89.6%), idade media de 53 anos. Catorze doentes (48.3%) desenvolveram Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada devido a infeção bacteriana, 9 dos quais faleceram (64.2%, mortalidade global 31%), contudo, sem significado estatístico (p < 0.7); dos restantes 15 (51.7%) sem infeção bacteriana, 11 faleceram (73.3%, mortalidade global 37.9%), também sem significado estatístico (p < 0.7%). Vinte e quatro doentes (83%) desenvolveram lesão renal, mortalidade global de 65.5% (p < 0.022) aos 28 e 90 dias de seguimento. Doze doentes desenvolveram lesão renal aguda com necessidade de terapêutica de substituição da função renal (41.37%), mortalidade global de 37.9% ( p < 0.043). O transplante hepático foi realizado em 3 doentes, com uma sobrevida de 100% aos 28 e 90 dias de seguimento (p < 0.023); Graus elevados de Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada estão associadas a mortalidade mais elevada (p < 0.02); mortalidade global de 69%. Conclusions: A Doença Hepática Crónica Agudizada é um síndrome heterogéneo, com uma variedade de fatores precipitantes e diferentes graus de envolvimento extra-hepático; a maioria das situações estará associada a disfunção renal, com aumento do risco de mortalidade; O transplante hepático será uma eficaz de tratamento deste síndrome.
Published: 2018

35. Infections After Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective, Single-center Study

Author: Eduardo Barroso, Luís Bento, P. Fortuna, Américo Martins, Rui Perdigoto, Luís Bagulho, J.P. Pereira, A. Teixeira, Paulo Marcelino, B. Moya, and Marília Antunes
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Liver Transplantation/adverse effects, Liver transplantation, Single Center, medicine.disease_cause, Cold Ischemia Time, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Transplantation, Portugal, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Bacterial Infections/etiology, Retrospective cohort study, Bacterial Infections, Middle Aged, Tissue Donors, HCC CHBPT, Liver Transplantation, Surgery, Portugal/epidemiology, Female, Hemodialysis, business, Bacterial Infections/epidemiology, Staphylococcus, Hospital stay
Abstract: Objective To access the incidence of infectious problems after liver transplantation (LT). Design A retrospective, single-center study. Materials and Methods Patients undergoing LT from January 2008 to December 2011 were considered. Exclusion criterion was death occurring in the first 48 hours after LT. We determined the site of infection and the bacterial isolates and collected and compared recipient's variables, graft variables, surgical data, post-LT clinical data. Results Of the 492 patients who underwent LT and the 463 considered for this study, 190 (Group 1, 41%) developed at least 1 infection, with 298 infections detected. Of these, 189 microorganisms were isolated, 81 (51%) gram-positive bacteria (most frequently Staphylococcus spp). Biliary infections were more frequent (mean time of 160.4 ± 167.7 days after LT); from 3 months after LT, gram-negative bacteria were observed (57%). Patients with infections after LT presented lower aminotransferase levels, but higher requirements in blood transfusions, intraoperative vasopressors, hemodialysis, and hospital stay. Operative and cold ischemia times were similar. Conclusion We found a 41% incidence of all infections in a 2-year follow-up after LT. Gram-positive bacteria were more frequent isolated; however, negative bacteria were commonly isolated later. Clinical data after LT were more relevant for the development of infections. Donors' variables should be considered in future analyses.
Published: 2015

36. Liver Depurative Techniques: A Single Liver Transplantation Center Experience

Author: S.G. Castro, Paulo Marcelino, B. Moya, J. Rodrigues, J.P. Pereira, Luís Bento, P. Fortuna, Américo Martins, Rui Perdigoto, and Eduardo Barroso
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Multivariate analysis, medicine.medical_treatment, Liver transplantation, Gastroenterology, End Stage Liver Disease, Liver disease, End Stage Liver Disease/surgery, Liver Transplantation/mortality, Internal medicine, End Stage Liver Disease/mortality, medicine, Humans, Acute on chronic liver failure, Survival rate, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate/trends, Transplantation, Portugal, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, Retrospective cohort study, Liver Failure, Acute, Middle Aged, Liver Failure, Acute/mortality, medicine.disease, Liver Transplantation, HCC CHBPT, Surgery, Survival Rate, Cohort, Portugal/epidemiology, Liver Failure, Acute/surgery, Female, Liver Transplantation/methods, business, HCC UCI, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background In a liver transplant (LT) center, treatments with Prometheus were evaluated. The main outcome considered was 1 and 6 months survival. Methods During the study period, 74 patients underwent treatment with Prometheus; 64 were enrolled, with a mean age of 51 ± 13 years; 47 men underwent 212 treatments (mean, 3.02 per patient). The parameters evaluated were age, sex, laboratorial (liver enzymes, ammonia) and clinical (model for end-stage liver disease and Child-Turcotte-Pugh score) data. Results Death was verified in 23 patients (35.9%) during the hospitalization period, 20 patients (31.3%) were submitted to liver transplantation, and 21 were discharged. LT was performed in 4 patients with acute liver failure (ALF, 23.7%), in 7 patients with acute on chronic liver failure (AoCLF, 43.7%), and in 6 patients with liver disease after LT (30%). Seven patients who underwent LT died (35%). In the multivariate analysis, older age ( P = .015), higher international normalized ratio (INR) ( P = .019), and acute liver failure ( P = .039) were independently associated with an adverse 1-month clinical outcome. On the other hand, older age ( P = .011) and acute kidney injury ( P = .031) at presentation were both related to worse 6-month outcome. For patients with ALF and AoCLF we did not observe the same differences. Conclusions In this cohort, older age was the most important parameter defining 1- and 6-month survival, although higher INR and presence of ALF were important for 1-month survival and AKI for 6-month survival. No difference was observed between patients who underwent LT or did not have LT.
Published: 2015

37. Lethal outcome of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome despite intensive triple therapy

Author: Carlos Anjo, Luís Reis, Philip Fortuna, and Luís Bento
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Septic shock, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Mortality rate, medicine.medical_treatment, Metals and Alloys, Immunosuppression, Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, medicine.disease, Methylprednisolone, Mechanics of Materials, Internal medicine, medicine, Medical history, Complication, business, Dialysis, medicine.drug
Abstract: Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS), an infrequent autoimmune disease, manifests as a widespread thrombotic disease with multiorgan failure with a 37% mortality rate. We report 39-year-old Caucasian women, medical history of Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) complicated with APS and proliferative glomerulonephritis under dialysis. Patient was admitted at the ICU with septic shock with thoracotomy dehiscence origin. During the ICU stay, extensive lower limbs ulcers with polymorphonuclear infiltrate and steatonecrosis areas in adipose and muscular tissue. Lab studies: anti-β2-glycoprotein-Iantibody was detected. As probable CAPS diagnosis was made, triple therapy with methylprednisolone, immunoglobulin and anticoagulation immediately was started. Serious vasoplegic shock occurs with failure in vasopressor support increment and the patient died. The authors report an APS with rapid progression to catastrophic stage, rare complication that occurs only in 1% of catastrophic APS. In CAPS treatment, a statistical association between triple therapy and the decrease of mortality rate of patients with CAPS was observed, when compared with other combinations or with none of the treatments included in the triple therapy. Although the case had a lethal outcome, the authors emphasize the use of triple therapy in CAPS and the challenge of treating patients with CAPS and infection where the balance between the need for anticoagulation, aggressive immunosuppression and infection control is difficult to manage.
Published: 2019

38. Cardiac arrest every other day

Author: M.S.B. Adriano, Jorge Nunes, V. Mondim, Luís Bento, Nuno Germano, and R. Cavaco
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Every other day, Tricuspid valve, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, Electric countershock, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, Thrombosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, business, Heart atrium
Published: 2015

39. ARDS Mortality Prediction Model Using Evolving Clinical Data and Chest Radiograph Analysis

Author: Ana Cysneiros, Tiago Galvão, Nuno Domingues, Pedro Jorge, Luis Bento, and Ignacio Martin-Loeches
Subjects: ARDS, imaging, machine learning, deep learning, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Introduction: Within primary ARDS, SARS-CoV-2-associated ARDS (C-ARDS) emerged in late 2019, reaching its peak during the subsequent two years. Recent efforts in ARDS research have concentrated on phenotyping this heterogeneous syndrome to enhance comprehension of its pathophysiology. Methods and Results: A retrospective study was conducted on C-ARDS patients from April 2020 to February 2021, encompassing 110 participants with a mean age of 63.2 ± 11.92 (26–83 years). Of these, 61.2% (68) were male, and 25% (17) experienced severe ARDS, resulting in a mortality rate of 47.3% (52). Ventilation settings, arterial blood gases, and chest X-ray (CXR) were evaluated on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation and between days two and three. CXR images were scrutinized using a convolutional neural network (CNN). A binary logistic regression model for predicting C-ARDS mortality was developed based on the most influential variables: age, PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P/F) on days one and three, CNN-extracted CXR features, and age. Initial performance assessment on test data (23 patients out of the 110) revealed an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.862 with a 95% confidence interval (0.654–0.969). Conclusion: Integrating data available in all intensive care units enables the prediction of C-ARDS mortality by utilizing evolving P/F ratios and CXR. This approach can assist in tailoring treatment plans and initiating early discussions to escalate care and extracorporeal life support. Machine learning algorithms for imaging classification can uncover otherwise inaccessible patterns, potentially evolving into another form of ARDS phenotyping. The combined features of these algorithms and clinical variables demonstrate superior performance compared to either element alone.
Published: 2024
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40. Reply to: Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest: outcome predictors

Author: Rodrigo Nazário Leão, Luís Bento, Nuno Germano, Paulo Ávila, and R. Cavaco
Subjects: Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Medicine, General Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, business
Published: 2016

41. To: Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest: outcome predictors

Author: R. Cavaco, Nuno Germano, Paulo Ávila, Luís Bento, and Rodrigo Nazário Leão
Subjects: Male, Validation study, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Hypoxia-ischemia, brain, Treatment outcome, MEDLINE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Hypoxia ischemia, Hypothermia, induced, Outcome (game theory), Hypothermia induced, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Coma, Letters to the Editor, Intensive care medicine, Aged, Gynecology, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Phosphopyruvate hydratase, business.industry, Follow up studies, Heart arrest, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hypothermia, Prognosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Intensive Care Units, Treatment Outcome, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Neuron-specific enolase, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Objetivo: A determinacao do prognostico de pacientes em coma apos parada cardiaca tem implicacoes clinicas, eticas e sociais. Exame neurologico, marcadores de imagem e bioquimicos sao ferramentas uteis e bem aceitas na previsao da recuperacao. Com o advento da hipotermia terapeutica, tais informacoes devem de ser confirmadas. Neste estudo procurou-se determinar a validade de diferentes marcadores que podem ser utilizados na deteccao de pacientes com mau prognostico durante um protocolo de hipotermia. Metodos: Foram coletados prospectivamente os dados de pacientes adultos, internados apos parada cardiaca em nossa unidade de terapia intensiva para realizacao de protocolo de hipotermia. Nosso intuito foi realizar um estudo descritivo e analitico para analisar a relacao entre os dados clinicos, parâmetros neurofisiologicos, de imagem e bioquimicos, e o desfecho apos 6 meses, conforme definido pela escala Cerebral Performance Categories (bom, se 1-2, e mau, se 3-5). Foi coletada uma amostra para determinacao de neuroenolase apos 72 horas. Os exames de imagem e neurofisiologicos foram realizados 24 horas apos o periodo de reaquecimento. Resultados: Foram incluidos 67 pacientes, dos quais 12 tiveram evolucao neurologica favoravel. Fibrilacao ventricular e atividade teta no eletroencefalograma se associaram a bom prognostico. Pacientes submetidos a resfriamento mais rapido (tempo medio de 163 versus 312 minutos), com lesao cerebral causada por hipoxia/isquemia detectada na ressonância nuclear magnetica ou niveis de neuroenolase superiores a 58ng/mL se associaram a desfecho neurologico desfavoravel (p < 0,05). Conclusao: A presenca de lesao cerebral causada por hipoxia/isquemia e de neuroenolase foram fortes preditores de ma evolucao neurologica. Apesar da crenca de que atingir rapidamente a temperatura alvo da hipotermia melhora o prognostico neurologico, nosso estudo demonstrou que este fator se associou a um aumento da mortalidade e a uma pior evolucao neurologica.
Published: 2016

42. Complication of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease

Author: Catarina Costa, Joaquim Monteiro, Felisbela Miguel Gomes, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Deep brain stimulation, Parkinson's disease, Images In…, Critical Care, Deep Brain Stimulation, medicine.medical_treatment, Cefazolin, Brain Edema, Stimulation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Seizures, Subthalamic Nucleus, HSJ UUM, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Antibiotic prophylaxis, CHLC MED, business.industry, Parkinson Disease, Recovery of Function, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Electrodes, Implanted, Surgery, Subthalamic nucleus, Treatment Outcome, Neurosurgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Complication, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, CHLC NCIR, medicine.drug
Abstract: A 58-year-old man with advanced Parkinson disease diagnosed 13 years before, was admitted for surgical placing of continuous bilateral high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. The procedure was uneventful (lead used Medtronic DBS 3387; antibiotic prophylaxis: cefazolin 2 g at time of anaesthetic induction and 1 g every 8 hours in the first 24 hours) with a postoperative control CT scan showing good placement of the electrodes and no abnormalities (figure 1). The stimulation was switched on 72 hours after the procedure and within 24 hours the patient presented two epileptic seizures controlled …
Published: 2017

43. DE LA CSR-CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSABILITY A LA RSO-RESPONSABILITE SOCIALE DES ORGANISATIONS. QUELQUES APPORTS A LA REFLEXION

Author: Luís Bento
Subjects: jel:M14, corporate social responsibility, durable development, jel:E42
Abstract: This paper presents the actual situation regarding to corporate responsibility concept. There are presented here the fundamental elements concerning to the history and evolution of this concept and the social, economical and political benefits generated by the practical use of it. Also the paper presents and analyzes this concept from perspective of Groupe de Paris organization and E.U..
Published: 2007

44. Aortic and Tricuspid Endocarditis in Hemodialysis Patient with Systemic and Pulmonary Embolism

Author: Ana Santos, Nuno Germano, Luís Bento, and Silvia Aguiar Rosa
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy, Embolism, Endocarditis, Bacterial/pathology, Heart Valve Diseases, Case Report, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, HSM CAR, Aortic Valve/pathology, CHLC UCI, Fatal Outcome, Valve replacement, Pulmonary Embolism/pathology, Tricuspid valve, Case reports, Heart Valve Diseases/pathology, General Medicine, Staphylococcal Infections, Pulmonary embolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Endocarditis/etiology, Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy, Renal Dialysis/methods, Infective endocarditis, Aortic Valve, Staphylococcal Infections/pathology, Ceftriaxone, Vancomycin, Gentamicin, Hemodialysis, Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Staphylococcus aureus, Heart Valve Diseases/drug therapy, Tricuspid Valve/pathology, Tomography, x-ray computed, Heart Valve Diseases/microbiology, Pulmonary Embolism/microbiology, Tricuspid Valve/microbiology, Renal Dialysis, medicine, Endocarditis, Humans, Pulmonary Embolism/complications, business.industry, Aortic Valve/microbiology, Endocarditis, Bacterial, medicine.disease, Surgery, Heart Arrest, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, Heart Arrest/etiology, Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification, Kidney Failure, Chronic, business, Pulmonary Embolism
Abstract: This is a case report of a 43-year-old Caucasian male with end-stage renal disease being treated with hemodialysis and infective endocarditis in the aortic and tricuspid valves. The clinical presentation was dominated by neurologic impairment with cerebral embolism and hemorrhagic components. A thoracoabdominal computerized tomography scan revealed septic pulmonary embolus. The patient underwent empirical antibiotherapy with ceftriaxone, gentamicin and vancomycin, and the therapy was changed to flucloxacilin and gentamicin after the isolation of S. aureus in blood cultures. The multidisciplinary team determined that the patient should undergo valve replacement after the stabilization of the intracranial hemorrhage; however, on the 8th day of hospitalization, the patient entered cardiac arrest due to a massive septic pulmonary embolism and died. Despite the risk of aggravation of the hemorrhagic cerebral lesion, early surgical intervention should be considered in high-risk patients.
Published: 2015

45. End-Stage Renal Patient Treated by ECMO and SLED in LegionnairesÃ¢ÂÂ Disease

Author: Luís Bento, Ana Martins, Cristina Dias Cândido, Philip Fortuna, Borja Moya, and N. Sousa
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, biology, Legionella, business.industry, Population, Outbreak, Disease, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Surgery, Pneumonia, medicine, Legionnaires' disease, Risk factor, Intensive care medicine, education, business, Kidney disease
Abstract: Legionnaires’ disease is an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Although uncommon, disease outbreaks of public health significance still happen nowadays. Several outbreaks have been occurred in various European countries but the most recent one occurred in Portugal. It was one of the largest of the world and began in November 2014 in Lisbon. We know that mortality might be higher in people who have pre-existing medical conditions. The chronic kidney disease population is predisposed to adverse infectious events but it’s not considered up to this moment a main risk factor or of bad prognostic to the Legionella infection. The authors present a case report of a sporadic smoker young patient with chronic kidney disease who had a catastrophic presentation of Legionella Pneumophila infection requiring simultaneous use of two extracorporeal techniques.
Published: 2015

46. Baryon Asymmetry, Dark Matter and the Hidden Sector

Author: Zurab Berezhiani and Luís Bento
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Hidden sector, Physics, Sterile neutrino, Particle physics, Baryon asymmetry, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, CP violation
Published: 2002

47. MP162ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE: A PORTUGUESE SINGLE CENTER REFERENCE REVIEW

Author: Luís Bento, Eduardo Barroso, João Machado, Miguel Verdelho, Américo Martins, Luís Bagulho, Philip Fortuna, Rui Pereira, Fernando Nolasco, Rui Perdigoto, Francisco Ribeiro, Ã‰lia Mateus, and Paulo Marcelino
Subjects: Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, Nephrology, business.industry, Kidney injury, language, Medicine, Acute on chronic liver failure, Portuguese, business, Intensive care medicine, Single Center, language.human_language
Published: 2017

48. Purpura Fulminans and Pasteurella Multocida Infection in an Adult: A Case Report

Author: Luís Bento, Petra Pego M, R. Cavaco, and Tânia Sequeira
Subjects: Abdominal pain, Resuscitation, biology, business.industry, Metabolic acidosis, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Pancytopenia, Anesthesia, Medicine, Pasteurella, Fresh frozen plasma, medicine.symptom, business, Pasteurella multocida, Purpura fulminans
Abstract: Introduction: Purpura fulminans (PF) is a rare rapidly progressive disease caused by microvascular thrombosis of skin vessels manifested as characteristic skin lesions. Three different subtypes have been described: neonatal, idiopathic and acute infectious. Treatment depends on subtype and may include antibiotic therapy, supportive treatment and transfusions (mainly fresh frozen plasma (FFP)). Case presentation: A fifty nine-year-old female presented at emergency department with nausea, vomit, diarrhea and abdominal pain. She was hypotensive, tachycardic, jaundiced and had mild epigastric tenderness. Analysis revealed pancytopenia, coagulopathy, renal failure and hyperbilirubinemia. Arterial blood gas analyses showed compensated metabolic acidosis and hyperlactacidemia. Patient was started on vasopressor therapy for hypotension unresponsive to fluids. Nevertheless, her condition deteriorated and severe metabolic acidosis developed. A purpuric rash developed initially at left thigh and spread through abdomen and thorax. Patient was transferred to an intensive care unit after resuscitation from a cardiorespiratory arrest. Large spectrum antibiotic therapy and renal replacement technique were started as well as transfusion with platelets, FFP and red blood cells. Susceptible Pasteurella multocida was present in two hemocultures. Despite maximal supportive treatment patient's condition deteriorated and dyed 72 hours after admission. Discussion: We described a case of severe acute infectious PF presenting in an adult with Pasteurella multocida bacteriemia. The uniqueness of this case report lye on the rarity of PF in adults and on being to our knowledge the first case described of PF caused by Pasteurella multocida infection.
Published: 2014

49. Shock following subcutaneous injections of polymethylmethacrylate

Author: R. Cavaco, J. Rodrigues, A.R. Francisco, M. Boattini, and Luís Bento
Subjects: Adult, Lung Diseases, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Polymethyl methacrylate, Injections, Subcutaneous, Multiple Organ Failure, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Transgender Persons, Microsphere, HSJ UUM, Medicine, Humans, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Injections subcutaneous, business.industry, Hemodynamics, Combined Modality Therapy, Microspheres, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Surgery, Body Modification, Non-Therapeutic, Shock (circulatory), Buttocks, Female, medicine.symptom, Transgender Person, Emergencies, business
Abstract: Submitted by Ana Quininha (ana.quininha@chlc.min-saude.pt) on 2017-03-22T15:59:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Med Intensiva 256.pdf: 282845 bytes, checksum: 4ca3b8ec9efff67e987235b64a8c7f49 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T15:59:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Med Intensiva 256.pdf: 282845 bytes, checksum: 4ca3b8ec9efff67e987235b64a8c7f49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2014

50. Acute bacterial meningitis in the intensive care unit and risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes: retrospective study

Author: Luís Bento, S. Janeiro, Pedro Póvoa, Joana Silvestre, D. Fernandes, and João Gonçalves-Pereira
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Fever, Population, Disease, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, Meningitis, Bacterial, Young Adult, law, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Glasgow Coma Scale, Hospital Mortality, Intensive care medicine, education, APACHE, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, APACHE II, business.industry, Age Factors, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Intensive care unit, Acute bacterial meningitis, Intensive Care Units, Emergency medicine, Acute Disease, Multivariate Analysis, Bacterial meningitis, Female, business
Abstract: Bacterial meningitis constitutes a medical emergency. Its burden has driven from childhood to the elderly and the immunocompromised population. However, the admission of patients with bacterial meningitis to the intensive care unit (ICU) has been sparsely approached, as have the prognostic factors associated with an adverse clinical outcome.We performed a retrospective analysis during a 7-year period of patients older than 18 years admitted to 2 polyvalent ICUs. Clinical, demographic, and outcome data were collected to evaluate its clinical impact on the outcome of patients with acute bacterial meningitis.We identified 65 patients with the diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis (mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, 23; hospital mortality, 40%). Upon clinical presentation, their most frequent signs were fever (84%), seizures (21.5%), and a low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (GCS8; 58.4%). Fifty-five patients (85%) required organ support. A definite microbiological diagnosis was achieved in 45 patients. An adverse clinical outcome was noted in 46 patients (71%). These patients were older (P=.005), had higher Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (P=.022), and had lower GCS (P=.022). In the multivariate analysis, older age (per year; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.059) was associated with an adverse outcome, whereas a higher GCS (per point; aOR, 0.826) and presence of fever upon admission (aOR, 0.142) increase the chance of a good recovery.Patients with acute bacterial meningitis admitted to ICU had substantial morbidity and mortality. Those with low GCS or absence of fever have a particularly high risk of an adverse outcome.
Published: 2013

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