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To understand how global warming can be kept well below 2 degrees Celsius and even 1.5 degrees Celsius, climate policy uses scenarios that describe how society could reduce its greenhouse gas emissions. However, current scenarios have a key weakness: they typically focus on reaching specific climate goals in 2100. This choice may encourage risky pathways that delay action, reach higher-than-acceptable mid-century warming, and rely on net removal of carbon dioxide thereafter to undo their initial shortfall in reductions of emissions. Here we draw on insights from physical science to propose a scenario framework that focuses on capping global warming at a specific maximum level with either temperature stabilization or reversal thereafter. The ambition of climate action until carbon neutrality determines peak warming, and can be followed by a variety of long-term states with different sustainability implications. The approach proposed here closely mirrors the intentions of the United Nations Paris Agreement, and makes questions of intergenerational equity into explicit design choices. Fundamental value judgments about acceptable maximum levels of climate change and future reliance on controversial technologies can be made explicitly in climate scenarios, thereby addressing the intergenerational bias present in the scenario literature., Author(s): Joeri Rogelj [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Daniel Huppmann [sup.1] , Volker Krey [sup.1] [sup.4] , Keywan Riahi [sup.1] [sup.5] , Leon Clarke [sup.6] , Matthew Gidden [sup.1] , Zebedee [...]

The writers present the results from a research project that explored the factors which design organizations and individual designers take into consideration when they address the management of change to the design function over the long-term future. First a brief description of the telegenesis project which formed a background to the research project is provided to help place in context the solutions that emerged from the investigation and development. The principal development from the research project was a transitional framework of how design will evolve into the future based on a pop-i configuration. The concept of pop-i is outlined. The transitional framework projects the future state of design, defined by the time horizon projected to 2020, and based on information from the sectors of aerospace, construction, and product design. The rationale and use of the transitional map is explained. The transitional map is recommended as an audit system for managing the long-term future of design organization. CE Database subject headings: Space construction; Construction industry; Aerospace engineering; Information management; Organizations.