Search

Your search keyword '"Listowski, Constantino"' showing total 127 results
Start Over Author "Listowski, Constantino"

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »
127 results on '"Listowski, Constantino"'

1. Case Study of a Mesospheric Temperature Inversion over Maïdo Observatory through a Multi-Instrumental Observation

Author

Chane Ming, Fabrice, primary, Hauchecorne, Alain, additional, Bellisario, Christophe, additional, Simoneau, Pierre, additional, Keckhut, Philippe, additional, Trémoulu, Samuel, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Berthet, Gwenaël, additional, Jégou, Fabrice, additional, Khaykin, Sergey, additional, Tidiga, Mariam, additional, and Le Pichon, Alexis, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Using a machine learning and stochastics-founded model to provide near real-time stratospheric polar vortex diagnostics based on high-latitude infrasound data

Author

Eggen, Mari, primary, Midtfjord, Alise Danielle, additional, Vorobeva, Ekaterina, additional, Benth, Fred Espen, additional, Hupe, Patrick, additional, Brissaud, Quentin, additional, Orsolini, Yvan, additional, Le Pichon, Alexis, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, and Näsholm, Sven Peter, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Remote Monitoring of Mediterranean Hurricanes Using Infrasound

Author

Listowski, Constantino, primary, Forestier, Edouard, additional, Dafis, Stavros, additional, Farges, Thomas, additional, De Carlo, Marine, additional, Grimaldi, Florian, additional, Le Pichon, Alexis, additional, Vergoz, Julien, additional, Heinrich, Philippe, additional, and Claud, Chantal, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Global troposphere-to-msosphre modelling of martian CO2 ice clouds

Author

Määttänen, Anni, primary, Mathé, Christophe, additional, Audouard, Joachim, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Millour, Ehouarn, additional, Forget, Francois, additional, González-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Falletti, Lola, additional, Bardet, Deborah, additional, Teinturier, Lucas, additional, Vals, Margaux, additional, Spiga, Aymeric, additional, and Montmessin, Franck, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. A global analysis of deep infrasound produced by the January 2022 eruption of Hunga volcano

Author

Vergoz, Julien, primary, Le Pichon, Alexis, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Hupe, Patrick, additional, Pilger, Christopher, additional, Gaebler, Peter, additional, Ceranna, Lars, additional, Garcés, Milton, additional, Marchetti, Emanuele, additional, Labazuy, Philippe, additional, Mialle, Pierrick, additional, Brissaud, Quentin, additional, Näsholm, Peter, additional, Shapiro, Nikolai, additional, and Poli, Piero, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Global Troposphere-to-Mesosphere Modelling of Martian CO2 Ice Clouds

Author

Määttänen, Anni, Mathé, Christophe, Audouard, Joachim, Listowski, Constantino, Millour, Ehouarn, Forget, François, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, Falletti, Lola, Bardet, Déborah, Teinturier, L., Vals, Margaux, Spiga, Aymeric, Montmessin, Franck, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), WPO Paris, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), School of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and ANR-18-CE31-0013,MECCOM,Modéliser des nuages exotiques de CO2 sur Mars(2018)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

18. Remote Monitoring of Mediterranean Hurricanes Using Infrasound

Author

Listowski, Constantino, Forestier, Edouard, Dafis, Stavros, Farges, Thomas, De Carlo, Marine, Grimaldi, Florian, Le Pichon, Alexis, Vergoz, Julien, Heinrich, Philippe, Claud, Chantal, Listowski, Constantino, Forestier, Edouard, Dafis, Stavros, Farges, Thomas, De Carlo, Marine, Grimaldi, Florian, Le Pichon, Alexis, Vergoz, Julien, Heinrich, Philippe, and Claud, Chantal

Abstract

Mediterranean hurricanes, or medicanes, are tropical-like cyclones forming once or twice per year over the waters of the Mediterranean Sea. These mesocyclones pose a serious threat to coastal infrastructure and lives because of their strong winds and intense rainfall. Infrasound technology has already been employed to investigate the acoustic signatures of severe weather events, and this study aims at characterizing, for the first time, the infrasound detections that can be related to medicanes. This work also contributes to infrasound source discrimination efforts in the context of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. We use data from the infrasound station IS48 of the International Monitoring System in Tunisia to investigate the infrasound signatures of mesocyclones using a multi-channel correlation algorithm. We discuss the detections using meteorological fields to assess the presence of stratospheric waveguides favoring propagation. We corroborate the detections by considering other datasets, such as satellite observations, a surface lightning detection network, and products mapping the simulated intensity of the swell. High- and low-frequency detections are evidenced for three medicanes at distances ranging between 250 and 1100 km from the station. Several cases of non-detection are also discussed. While deep convective systems, and mostly lightning within them, seem to be the main source of detections above 1 Hz, hotspots of swell (microbarom) related to the medicanes are evidenced between 0.1 and 0.5 Hz. In the latter case, simulations of microbarom detections are consistent with the observations. Multi-source situations are highlighted, stressing the need for more resilient detection-estimation algorithms. Cloud-to-ground lightning seems not to explain all high-frequency detections, suggesting that additional sources of electrical or dynamical origin may be at play that are related to deep convective systems.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Infrasound Signatures of Mediterranean Hurricanes

Author

Forestier, Edouard, primary, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Dafis, Stavros, additional, Le Pichon, Alexis, additional, Farges, Thomas, additional, De Carlo, Marine, additional, Vergoz, Julien, additional, and Claud, Chantal, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Global 3D modelling of Martian CO2 clouds

Author

Mathé, Christophe, primary, Määttänen, Anni, additional, Audouard, Joachim, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Millour, Ehouarn, additional, Forget, François, additional, Spiga, Aymeric, additional, Bardet, Déborah, additional, Teinturier, Lucas, additional, Falletti, Lola, additional, Vals, Margaux, additional, González-Galindo, Franscico, additional, and Montmessin, Franck, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Global 3D modelling of Martian CO2 clouds

Author

Mathé, Christophe, primary, Määttänen, Anni, additional, Audouard, Joachim, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Millour, Ehouarn, additional, Forget, François, additional, Spiga, Aymeric, additional, Bardet, Déborah, additional, Teinturier, Lucas, additional, Falletti, Lola, additional, Vals, Margaux, additional, Gonzàlez-Galindo, Francisco, additional, and Montmessin, Franck, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Full characterization of the ML 5.4 2019/11/11 Le Teil earthquake in France based on a multi-technology approach

Author

Vallage, Amaury, primary, Bollinger, Laurent, additional, Cano, Yoann, additional, Champenois, Johann, additional, Duverger, Clara, additional, Hernandez, Bruno, additional, Herry, Pascal, additional, Le Pichon, Alexis, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Mazet-Roux, Gilles, additional, Menager, Marine, additional, Merrer, Sophie, additional, Pinel-Puyssegur, Béatrice, additional, Rusch, Roxanne, additional, Sèbe, Olivier, additional, Vergoz, Julien, additional, and Guilhem Trilla, Aurélie, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. The 2019 July Stromboli volcano paroxysm event: contribution of infrasound to the Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers

Author

Marchetti, Emanuele, primary, Ripepe, Maurizio, additional, Le Pichon, Alexis, additional, Listowski, Constantino, additional, Ceranna, Lars, additional, Hupe, Patrick, additional, Pilger, Christoph, additional, Matos, Sandro, additional, Wallenstein, Nicolau, additional, Mialle, Pierrick, additional, and Hereil, Philippe, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Ozone Vertical Distribution on Mars from SPICAM/MEX UV Occultations

Author

Määttänen, Anni, Lefèvre, Franck, Montmessin, Franck, Listowski, Constantino, Guilbon, Sabrina, Fedorova, Anna, Korablev, Oleg, Cardon, Catherine, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), and Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS)

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; The SPICAM/MEX spectrometer probed the Martian atmosphere with ultraviolet stellar and solar occultations from 2004 until 2011, during four Martian Years with a good spatial and seasonal coverage. We have derived from these occultations a climatology of the vertical distribution of ozone, a key chemical species. Ozone has received considerable interest since its discovery on Mars: it is readily detectable, and due to the tight coupling of O3 and HOx chemistries, O3 can be considered as a sensitive tracer of the HOx chemistry that regulates the composition of the CO2 atmosphere of Mars. SPICAM stellar occultations probe ozone on the nightside atmosphere, whereas the solar occultations are acquired at the terminator (sunrise or sunset), allowing the study of the sunset/sunrise-night transition of this photochemically active species. We have compared the occultation retrievals with the LMD Mars global climate model (GCM). The observations are overall qualitatively in agreement with the GCM, but significant quantitative differences are found in certain regions. In particular, SPICAM is detecting ozone above 20 km at low and midlatitudes in the latter half of the Martian year, which is not predicted by models. The low- and midlatitude ozone layer forming in northern spring is mapped throughout both hemispheres and its terminator-night variations are observed. The occultations probe the southern polar winter vortex and its mid-altitude ozone layer (peaking at 50 km) that is well predicted by the model. The ozone concentrations of the polar vortex in the lower atmosphere (20-30 km) are larger than the model by a factor of 5-10, hinting to a potentially larger total ozone column than predicted by modeling. During the northern polar spring, SPICAM observes the lower atmosphere ozone layer, reaching from the surface up to 30 km, showing higher O3concentrations than expected from modeling. The full dataset will be available upon article publication.

Published
2019

34. Antarctic clouds, supercooled liquid water and mixed-phase investigated with DARDAR: geographical and seasonal variations

Author

Listowski, Constantino, Delanoë, Julien, Kirchgaessner, Amelie, Lachlan-Cope, Tom, King, John, Listowski, Constantino, Delanoë, Julien, Kirchgaessner, Amelie, Lachlan-Cope, Tom, and King, John

Abstract

Antarctic tropospheric clouds are investigated using the radar-lidar DARDAR (raDAR/liDAR)-MASK products. The cloud fraction is divided into the supercooled liquid water (SLW)-containing clouds and the all-ice clouds. The low-level SLW fraction varies according to temperature and sea ice fraction. It is the largest over water. In East Antarctica, the SLW fraction decreases sharply polewards. It is twice to three times higher in West Antarctica. The all-ice cloud geographical distribution is shaped by the interaction of the main low-pressure systems surrounding the continent and the orography, with little links with sea ice fraction. We demonstrate the largest impact of sea ice on SLW (mostly mixed-phase clouds, MPC) in autumn and winter, while it is almost null in summer and intermediate in spring. Monthly variability of MPC shows a maximum fraction at the end of summer and minimum in winter. Conversely, the unglaciated (pure) SLW (USLW) fraction has a maximum at the beginning of summer. Monthly evolutions of MPC and USLW fractions do not differ on the continent. This demonstrates a seasonality in the glaciation process in marine liquid-bearing clouds. From the literature, we identify the pattern of the monthly evolution of the MPC fraction as being similar to the one of the aerosols, which is related to marine biological activity. Marine bioaerosols are known to be efficient Ice Nucleating Particles (INPs). The emission of these INPs into the atmosphere from open waters would come on top of the temperature and sea ice fraction seasonalities as factors explaining the mixed-phase clouds monthly evolution.

Published
2019

35. Ozone vertical distribution on Mars from SPICAM/MEX UV occultations

Author

Määttänen, Anni, Lefèvre, Franck, Guilbon, Sabrina, Listowski, Constantino, Montmessin, Franck, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; We have achieved a four-year climatology of the ozone vertical distribution using SPICAM UV occultations. The UV channel measures spectra between 118 and 320 nm. The occultation technique is self-calibrated, since the spectra are normalised with the observed solar spectrum to acquire atmospheric transmissions. The transmission spectra are fitted with the Beer-Lambert law taking into account extinction by gaseous species (CO2 and O3) and aerosols. Aerosol extinction is modeled with the so-called alpha-model, providing access to the Ångström coefficient, which depends on the size of the aerosols. The vertical inversion uses the so-called onion-peeling method. The full UV occultation dataset gives access to a climatology of ozone vertical distribution and to the local time variations. We will present the global results and a comparison to the LMD Mars Global Climate Model. We will also focus on certain case studies, such as the 4D mapping of the southern polar vortex. The climatology confirms the overall behaviour of ozone, but reveals some discrepancies in comparison with a global climate model. The transport-driven ozone layer within the southern polar vortex can be studied in detail with stellar occultations probing the polar night and solar occultations acquired at the edge of the vortex, revealing the overall behaviour of the ozone layer. Acknowledgements: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme (H2020-Compet-08-2014) under grant agreement UPWARDS-633127. The authors acknowledge also support from the Programme National de Planétologie. This work was supported by the CNES. It is based on observations with SPICAM embarked on Mars Express.

Published
2018

39. Real-time detection of airborne fluorescent bioparticles in Antarctica

Author

Crawford, Ian, Gallagher, Martin, Bower, Keith, Choularton, Thomas, Flynn, Michael, Ruske, Simon, Listowski, Constantino, Brough, Neil, Lachlan-Cope, Thomas, Fleming, Zoë, Foot, Virginia, Stanley, Warren, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEES), University of Manchester [Manchester], British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry [Leicester], University of Leicester, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Ministry of Defence (UK) (MOD), Science and Technology Research Institute [Hatfield] (STRI), and University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

We demonstrate, for the first time, continuous real-time observations of airborne bio-fluorescent aerosols recorded at the British Antarctic Survey's Halley VI Research Station, located on the Brunt Ice Shelf close to the Weddell Sea coast (lat 75°34′59′′ S, long 26°10′0′′ W) during Antarctic summer, 2015. As part of the NERC MAC (Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds) aircraft aerosol cloud interaction project, observations with a real-time ultraviolet-light-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) spectrometer were conducted to quantify airborne biological containing particle concentrations along with dust particles as a function of wind speed and direction over a 3-week period. Significant, intermittent enhancements of both non- and bio-fluorescent particles were observed to varying degrees in very specific wind directions and during strong wind events. Analysis of the particle UV-induced emission spectra, particle sizes and shapes recorded during these events suggest the majority of particles were likely a subset of dust with weak fluorescence emission responses. A minor fraction, however, were likely primary biological particles that were very strongly fluorescent, with a subset identified as likely being pollen based on comparison with laboratory data obtained using the same instrument. A strong correlation of bio-fluorescent particles with wind speed was observed in some, but not all, periods. Interestingly, the fraction of fluorescent particles to total particle concentration also increased significantly with wind speed during these events. The enhancement in concentrations of these particles could be interpreted as due to resuspension from the local ice surface but more likely due to emissions from distal sources within Antarctica as well as intercontinental transport. Likely distal sources identified by back trajectory analyses and dispersion modelling were the coastal ice margin zones in Halley Bay consisting of bird colonies with likely associated high bacterial activity together with contributions from exposed ice margin bacterial colonies but also long-range transport from the southern coasts of Argentina and Chile. Dispersion modelling also demonstrated emissions from shipping lanes, and therefore marine anthropogenic sources cannot be ruled out. Average total concentrations of total fluorescent aerosols were found to be 1.9 ± 2.6 L−1 over a 3-week period crossing over from November into December, but peak concentrations during intermittent enhancement events could be up to several tens per litre. While this short pilot study is not intended to be generally representative of Antarctic aerosol, it demonstrates the usefulness of the UV-LIF measurement technique for quantification of airborne bioaerosol concentrations and to understand their dispersion. The potential importance for microbial colonisation of Antarctica is highlighted.

Published
2017

41. Formation of mesospheric clouds on Mars: new model results based on updated parameters

Author

Listowski, Constantino, Määttänen, Anni, Audouard, Joachim, Montmessin, Franck, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Mesospheric clouds have been observed on Mars for about 15 years. Microphysical modeling studies have provided evidence that an exogenous Ice Nucleus (IN) source is needed to form these clouds. These IN are probably Meteor Smoke Particles (MSPs) as in the Earth's mesosphere. Recent studies have provided new information on the properties of the MSPs and of CO2 ice: we are presenting here updated results using these new parameters.

Published
2017

42. Martian GCM with complete CO2 clouds microphysics

Author

Audouard, Joachim, Määttänen, Anni, Listowski, Constantino, Forget, François, Millour, Ehouarn, Spiga, Aymeric, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Cardon, Catherine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract

International audience; Towards understanding Martian CO2 cloud formation, abundance and features, including their formation and evolution in a Global Climate Model (GCM) is necessary. Their precise radiative impact on the climate throughout the history of the planet is especially of prime importance due to the backscattering of the infrared photons by the CO2 ice crystals that might have contributed to a greenhouse effect. The purpose of this work is to include a complete and validated CO2 cloud scheme (developped by [1,2]) in the GCM of the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) [3]. We hereafter present the key steps of this coupling and the first results.

Published
2017

43. A complete CO2 ice clouds model for GCMs and mesoscale models

Author

Audouard, Joachim, Määttänen, Anni, Listowski, Constantino, Forget, Francois, Spiga, Aymeric, Millour, E., PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Cardon, Catherine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The purpose of this work is to include a complete and validated CO2 cloud scheme (developped by Lis- towski et al., 2013, 2014) in the GCM of the Labora- toire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) (Forget et al., 1999). We hereafter present the key steps of this coupling and the first results.

Published
2017

44. Monsoon Precipitation in Langtang Valley

Author

Orr, Andrew, Listowski, Constantino, Couttet, Margaux, Collier, Emily, Immerzeel, Walter, Deb, Pranab, Bannister, Daniel, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut für Geographie [Erlanger], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Physical Geography [Urecht], Universiteit Utrecht, Hydrologie, and Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, Ecology, Polymers and Plastics, Himalayas, Palaeontology, WRF, Soil Science, Langtang Valley, Forestry, Precipitation, Aquatic Science, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, Oceanography, Condensed Matter Physics, Microphysics, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Materials Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, Water Science and Technology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

A better understanding of regional-scale precipitation patterns in the Himalayan region is required to increase our knowledge of the impacts of climate change on downstream water availability. This study examines the impact of four cloud microphysical schemes (Thompson, Morrison, Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) single-moment 5-class, and WRF double-moment 6-class) on summer monsoon precipitation in the Langtang Valley in the central Nepalese Himalayas, as simulated by the WRF model at 1 km grid spacing for a 10 day period in July 2012. The model results are evaluated through a comparison with surface precipitation and radiation measurements made at two observation sites. Additional understanding is gained from a detailed examination of the microphysical characteristics simulated by each scheme, which are compared with measurements using a spaceborne radar/lidar cloud product. Also examined are the roles of large- and small-scale forcings. In general, the schemes are able to capture the timing of surface precipitation better than the actual amounts in the Langtang Valley, which are predominately underestimated, with the Morrison scheme showing the best agreement with the measured values. The schemes all show a large positive bias in incoming radiation. Analysis of the radar/lidar cloud product and hydrometeors from each of the schemes suggests that “cold-rain” processes are a key precipitation formation mechanism, which is also well represented by the Morrison scheme. As well as microphysical structure, both large-scale and localized forcings are also important for determining surface precipitation.

Published
2017

45. In situ measurements of cloud microphysics and aerosol over coastal Antarctica during the MAC campaign

Author

O 'Shea, Sebastian, Choularton, Thomas W., Flynn, Michael, Bower, Keith N., Gallagher, Martin, Crosier, Jonathan, Williams, Paul, Crawford, Ian, Fleming, Zoë L., Listowski, Constantino, Kirchgaessner, Amélie, Ladkin, Russell S., Lachlan-Cope, Thomas, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEES), University of Manchester [Manchester], National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Manchester] (NCAS), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leicester] (NCAS), University of Leicester, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, 14. Life underwater, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; During austral summer 2015, the Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds (MAC) field campaign collected unique and detailed airborne and ground-based in situ measurements of cloud and aerosol properties over coastal Antarctica and the Weddell Sea. This paper presents the first results from the experiment and discusses the key processes important in this region, which is critical to predicting future climate change. The sampling was predominantly of stratus clouds, at temperatures between −20 and 0°C. These clouds were dominated by supercooled liquid water droplets, which had a median concentration of 113 cm −3 and an interquartile range of 86 cm −3. Both cloud liquid water content and effective radius increased closer to cloud top. The cloud droplet effective radius increased from 4 ± 2 µm near cloud base to 8 ± 3 µm near cloud top. Cloud ice particle concentrations were highly variable with the ice tending to occur in small, isolated patches. Below approximately 1000 m, glaciated cloud regions were more common at higher temperatures; however, the clouds were still predominantly liquid throughout. When ice was present at temperatures higher than −10°C, secondary ice production most likely through the Hallett–Mossop mechanism led to ice concentrations 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than the number predicted by commonly used primary ice nucleation parameterisations. The drivers of the ice crystal variability are investigated. No clear dependence on the droplet size distribution was found. The source of first ice in the clouds remains uncertain but may include contributions from biogenic particles, blowing snow or other surface ice production mechanisms. The concentration of large aerosols (diameters 0.5 to 1.6 µm) decreased with altitude and were depleted in air masses that originated over the Antarctic continent compared to those more heavily influenced by the Southern Ocean and sea ice regions. The dominant aerosol in the region was hygroscopic in nature, with the hygroscopicity parameter κ having a median value for the campaign of 0.66 (interquar-tile range of 0.38). This is consistent with other remote marine locations that are dominated by sea salt/sulfate.

Published
2017

46. Real Time Detection of Airborne Bioparticles in Antarctica

Author

Crawford, Ian A., Gallagher, Martin W., Bower, Keith N., Choularton, Thomas W., Flynn, Michael J., Ruske, Simon, Listowski, Constantino, Brough, Neil, Lachlan-Cope, Thomas, Flemming, Zoë L., Foot, Virginia E., Stanley, Warren R., Centre for Atmospheric Science [Manchester] (CAS), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEES), University of Manchester [Manchester]-University of Manchester [Manchester], British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry [Leicester], University of Leicester, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Ministry of Defence (UK) (MOD), Science and Technology Research Institute [Hatfield] (STRI), and University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We demonstrate for the first time, continuous real-time observations of airborne bio-fluorescent aerosols recorded at the British Antarctic Survey's Halley VI Research Station, located on the Brunt ice shelf close to the Weddell Sea coast (Lat. 75°34'59"S, Long. 26°10'0"W) during Antarctic Summer, 2015. As part of the NERC MAC (Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds) aircraft aerosol cloud interaction project, observations with a real-time Ultraviolet Light Induced Fluorescence (UV-LIF) spectrometer were conducted to quantify airborne biological containing particle concentrations along with dust particles as a function of wind speed and direction over a three week period. Significant, intermittent enhancements of both non- and bio-fluorescent particles were observed to varying degrees in very specific wind directions and during strong wind events. Analysis of the particle UV induced emission spectra, particle sizes and shapes recorded during these events suggest the majority of particles were likely a subset of dust with weak fluorescence emission responses. A minor fraction, however, were clearly primary biological particles that were very strongly fluorescent, with a subset identified as likely being pollen based on comparison with laboratory data obtained using the same instrument. A strong correlation of biofluorescent particles with wind speed was observed in some, but not all, periods. Interestingly the fraction of fluorescent particles to total particle concentration also increased significantly with wind speed during these events. The enhancement in concentrations of these particles could be interpreted as due to re-suspension from the local ice surface but more likely due to emissions from distal sources within Antarctica as well as intercontinental transport. Likely distal sources identified by back trajectory analyses and dispersion modelling were the coastal ice margin zones in Halley Bay consisting of bird colonies with likely associated high bacterial activity together with contributions from exposed ice margin bacterial colonies but also long range transport from the southern coasts of Argentina and Chile. Average total concentrations of total fluorescent aerosols were found to be 1.9 ± 2.6 L-1 over a 3 week period crossing over from November into December, but peak concentrations during intermittent enhancement events could be up to several 10's L-1. The usefulness of the measurement technique for quantification of airborne bioaerosol concentrations, and to understand their dispersion and potential importance for microbial colonisation of Antarctica is highlighted.

Published
2017

47. Evidence of Meteor Smoke Particles as precursors for formation of mesospheric clouds on Mars

Author

Määttänen, Anni, Listowski, Constantino, Cardon, Catherine, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Physics::Space Physics, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.SR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract

International audience; Mesospheric clouds have been systematically observed in the Martian mesosphere for about a decade. Not all of the observations allow for the cloud composition to be defined. However, several observations have revealed clouds formed of CO2 ice crystals, although in some cases a water ice composition has been detected as well. The condensation of the main component of the atmosphere is a fairly unique phenomenon. Although the lower atmosphere of Mars is very dusty and rich in ice nuclei, the mesosphere should be fairly devoid of dust lifted from lower layers (due to weak probability of lifting to high altitudes and low atmospheric densities favouring sedimentation). A very interesting candidate as a source of ice nuclei in the mesosphere comes from a terrestrial analogue. Meteor Smoke Particles have been shown to play a role in the formation of the mesospheric clouds on the Earth, and in a recent modelling study we have been able to show that an exogenous source of ice nuclei is required in the Martian mesosphere to be able to model clouds with observed properties. We will present a short review of observations and a summary of the cloud properties, and then discuss the model results pointing towards Meteor Smoke Particles as a necessary ingredient for the formation of mesospheric clouds on Mars.

Published
2017

48. Martian Mesospheric CO2 Clouds: a Review of a Decade of Studies

Author

Määttänen, Anni, Gondet, Brigitte, Montmessin, Franck, Hoffmann, Harald, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, Spiga, Aymeric, Listowski, Constantino, Bibring, Jean-Pierre, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract

International audience; The mesospheric CO2 ice clouds were among the major discoveries of the ESA Mars Express (MEx) mission: they were detected by OMEGA [Montmessin et al., 2007, JGR 112] after clear hints from SPICAM and PFS [Montmessin et al., 2006. Icarus 183; Formisano et al., 2006. Icarus 182]. We present here a review of OMEGA and HRSC observations, compared to other datasets, and the most recent results from modeling. The cloud climatology that can be compiled from all published datasets covers nine Martian Years. It shows a clear confinement in the tropics (+/-20°N) with a distinct longitudinal distribution, and a group of midlatitude clouds observed at local autumn in both hemispheres. The first tropical clouds form around the spring equinox (Ls=330°-30°), and have a clear formation peak at the beginning of the year until just before the summer solstice. A second formation period starts some time after the solstitial pause. No equatorial cloud has been observed in the Ls=150°-330° timeframe. The equatorial daytime clouds form mostly at 60-80 km, with a particle effective radius reff of 1-3 μm and an opacity τ2 ice clouds in a global climate simulation context.

Published
2016

49. In situ measurements of cloud microphysics and aerosol over coastal Antarctica during the MAC campaign

Author

O'Shea, Sebastian J., Choularton, Thomas W., Flynn, Michael, Bower, Keith N., Gallagher, Martin, Crosier, Jonathan, Williams, Paul, Crawford, Ian, Fleming, Zoë L., Listowski, Constantino, Kirchgaessner, Amelie, Ladkin, Russell S., Lachlan-Cope, Thomas, O'Shea, Sebastian J., Choularton, Thomas W., Flynn, Michael, Bower, Keith N., Gallagher, Martin, Crosier, Jonathan, Williams, Paul, Crawford, Ian, Fleming, Zoë L., Listowski, Constantino, Kirchgaessner, Amelie, Ladkin, Russell S., and Lachlan-Cope, Thomas

Abstract

During austral summer 2015, the Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds (MAC) field campaign collected unique and detailed airborne and ground-based in situ measurements of cloud and aerosol properties over coastal Antarctica and the Weddell Sea. This paper presents the first results from the experiment and discusses the key processes important in this region, which is critical to predicting future climate change. The sampling was predominantly of stratus clouds, at temperatures between −20 and 0 °C. These clouds were dominated by supercooled liquid water droplets, which had a median concentration of 113 cm−3 and an interquartile range of 86 cm−3. Both cloud liquid water content and effective radius increased closer to cloud top. The cloud droplet effective radius increased from 4 ± 2 µm near cloud base to 8 ± 3 µm near cloud top. Cloud ice particle concentrations were highly variable with the ice tending to occur in small, isolated patches. Below approximately 1000 m, glaciated cloud regions were more common at higher temperatures; however, the clouds were still predominantly liquid throughout. When ice was present at temperatures higher than −10 °C, secondary ice production most likely through the Hallett–Mossop mechanism led to ice concentrations 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than the number predicted by commonly used primary ice nucleation parameterisations. The drivers of the ice crystal variability are investigated. No clear dependence on the droplet size distribution was found. The source of first ice in the clouds remains uncertain but may include contributions from biogenic particles, blowing snow or other surface ice production mechanisms. The concentration of large aerosols (diameters 0.5 to 1.6 µm) decreased with altitude and were depleted in air masses that originated over the Antarctic continent compared to those more heavily influenced by the Southern Ocean and sea ice regions. The dominant aerosol in the region was hygroscopic in nature, with the hygros

Published
2017

50. Real time detection of airborne fluorescent bioparticles in Antarctica

Author

Crawford, I., Gallagher, Martin W., Bower, Keith N., Choularton, Thomas W., Flynn, Michael J., Ruske, Simon, Listowski, Constantino, Brough, Neil, Lachlan-Cope, Thomas, Fleming, Zoe L., Foot, Virginia E., Stanley, Warren R., Crawford, I., Gallagher, Martin W., Bower, Keith N., Choularton, Thomas W., Flynn, Michael J., Ruske, Simon, Listowski, Constantino, Brough, Neil, Lachlan-Cope, Thomas, Fleming, Zoe L., Foot, Virginia E., and Stanley, Warren R.

Abstract

We demonstrate, for the first time, continuous real-time observations of airborne bio-fluorescent aerosols recorded at the British Antarctic Survey's Halley VI Research Station, located on the Brunt Ice Shelf close to the Weddell Sea coast (lat 75°34′59′′ S, long 26°10′0′′ W) during Antarctic summer, 2015. As part of the NERC MAC (Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds) aircraft aerosol cloud interaction project, observations with a real-time ultraviolet-light-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) spectrometer were conducted to quantify airborne biological containing particle concentrations along with dust particles as a function of wind speed and direction over a 3-week period. Significant, intermittent enhancements of both non- and bio-fluorescent particles were observed to varying degrees in very specific wind directions and during strong wind events. Analysis of the particle UV-induced emission spectra, particle sizes and shapes recorded during these events suggest the majority of particles were likely a subset of dust with weak fluorescence emission responses. A minor fraction, however, were likely primary biological particles that were very strongly fluorescent, with a subset identified as likely being pollen based on comparison with laboratory data obtained using the same instrument. A strong correlation of bio-fluorescent particles with wind speed was observed in some, but not all, periods. Interestingly, the fraction of fluorescent particles to total particle concentration also increased significantly with wind speed during these events. The enhancement in concentrations of these particles could be interpreted as due to resuspension from the local ice surface but more likely due to emissions from distal sources within Antarctica as well as intercontinental transport. Likely distal sources identified by back trajectory analyses and dispersion modelling were the coastal ice margin zones in Halley Bay consisting of bird colonies with likely associated high bacterial activit

Published
2017

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results