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The assessment and comparison of the S&T innovation competitiveness among the provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin are helpful to better utilize the supporting and leading role of S&T innovation in the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Combined with the real characteristics of S&T innovation in the Yellow River Basin, the study considers five dimensions horizontally: S&T innovation input, S&T innovation output, S&T entrepreneurial condition, S&T innovation revenue, and S&T innovation influence. Vertically, it considers two types of indicators, namely, strength and efficiency, and constructs the index system of evaluation of S&T innovation competitiveness in the Yellow River Basin. A multi-dimensional indicator system for measuring the competitiveness of S&T innovation in the Yellow River Basin is constructed, taking into account the differences in scale and efficiency indicators. Based on this, the study analyzes the evolution trend and current situation of S&T innovation competitiveness of the nine provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin from 2012 to 2021, and further compares the differences in S&T innovation competitiveness among the provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin. The study finds the followings. (1) The nine provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin have formed three echelons with significant differences in the level of S&T innovation competitiveness, and the upstream provinces and regions lag behind noticeably in S&T innovation competitiveness. (2) The evaluation results of five horizontal dimensions show that the low level of S&T entrepreneurship conditions and S&T innovation benefit are the key factors constraining the S&T innovation competitiveness of all provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin. (3) The results of vertical "strength-efficiency" evaluation show that Shandong Province, which is in the first echelon of S&T innovation competitiveness in the Yellow River Basin, should focus on improving its competitive effectiveness in S&T innovation, while the provinces and regions in the third echelon (Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Gansu, Shanxi, and Ningxia) should optimize their competitive strength in S&T innovation. Finally, the study proposes countermeasures to improve the competitiveness of S&T innovation in the Yellow River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Realizing effective cross-regional innovation cooperation not only helps to enhance the overall scientific and technological innovation capabilities of the Yellow River Basin, but also is crucial for promoting the western development strategy and achieving industrial upgrading and leapfrogging in the western region. The innovation collaborative network composed of various enterprises, universities, and research institutes across different regions in the Yellow River Basin helps to break down information silos and help provinces and cities fully achieve information sharing in open scientific and technological innovation cooperation platforms. The cross-regional innovation collaborative network that have been constructed in the Yellow River Basin consists of cooperation relationships between provinces within the Yellow River Basin, as well as cooperation relationships between provinces within and outside the basin. This study investigated the current situation of technological innovation cooperation in the Yellow River Basin reflected by the network, and the results showed that the network composed of the former showed an uneven distribution pattern of "dense in the east and sparse in the west" in space, but the density of innovation collaborative network has increased in recent years. The network composed of the latter initially had uneven spatial distribution, but recently the breadth and depth of cooperation have significantly increased. There are still many obstacles to scientific and technological innovation cooperation in the Yellow River Basin. Firstly, a large-scale and comprehensive innovation collaborative network is defective, mainly manifested in insufficient innovation cooperation among provinces within the Yellow River Basin. Moreover, the lack of a comprehensive and multi-level cross-regional institutional collaborative operation mechanism makes it difficult to fully leverage the role of cross regional innovation collaborative networks. In view of this, this study proposes to improve the innovation collaborative cooperation system from the central to the local level, from top to bottom, and follow the optimization idea of "enhancing the top level design capabilities--improving the collaborative network--enhancing cooperation awareness--coordinating regional regulations--forming cross regional alliances--creating a collaborative innovation ecosystem--exploring innovation cooperation opportunities" to build the scientific and technological innovation corridor in the Yellow River Basin innovation corridor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large-size chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) of the carbon/carbon (C/C) composite thermal insulation tube is a key component for drawing large diameter monocrystalline silicon rods. However, the CVI densification process is complex, and the cost of experiment optimization is extremely high. In this article, a multi-physics coupling simulation model was established and validated based on COMSOL Multiphysics v.5.6 software to simulate the fabrication process of an isothermal CVI process for a Φ1185 mm C/C composite thermal insulation tube. The influence of process parameters on densification was explored, and a method of optimization was proposed. Our modeling results revealed that the deposition status in areas of low densification was effectively and significantly enhanced after process optimization. At the monitoring site, the carbon density was no less than 1.08 × 103 kg·m−3, the average density of the composite-material thermal insulation tube improved by 5.7%, and the densification rate increased by 26.5%. This article effectively simulates the CVI process of large-sized C/C composite thermal insulation tubes, providing an important technical reference scheme for the preparation of large-sized C/C composite thermal insulation tubes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mtype potassium channel, of which its molecular basis is constituted by KCNQ2-5 homo- or heteromultimers, plays a key role in regulating neuronal excitability and is modulated by many G protein-coupled receptors. In this study, we demonstrate that histamine inhibits KCNQ2/Q3 currents in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells via phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (P1P2) hydrolysis mediated by stimulation of Ha receptor and phospholipase C (PLC). Histamine inhibited KCNQ2/Q3 currents in HEK293 cells coexpressing Ha receptor, and this effect was totally abolished by H1 receptor antagonist mepyramine but not altered by [H.sub.2] receptor antagonist cimetidine. The inhibition of KCNQ currents was significantly attenuated by a PLC inhibitor U-73122 but not affected by depletion of internal [Ca.sup.2+] stores or intracellular [Ca.sup.2+] concentration ([[[Ca.sup.2+]].sub.i]) buffering via pipette dialyzing BAPTA. Moreover, histamine also concentration dependently inhibited M current in rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons by a similar mechanism. The inhibitory effect of histamine on KCNQ2/Q3 currents was entirely reversible but became irreversible when the resynthesis of PIP2 was impaired with phosphatidylinsitol-4-kinase inhibitors. Histamine was capable of producing a reversible translocation of the [PIP.sub.2] fluorescence probe [PLC.sub.[delta]1]PH-GFP from membrane to cytosol in HEK293 cells by activation of Ha receptor and PLC. We concluded that the inhibition of KCNQ/M currents by histamine in HEK293 cells and SCG neurons is due to the consumption of membrane PIP2 by PLC. superior cervical ganglion; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate; calcium ion

Emerging evidence highlights the key regulatory roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the initiation and progression of numerous malignancies. The lncRNA identified as differentiation antagonizing nonprotein coding RNA (DANCR) is a novel lncRNA widely involved in the development of multiple human cancers. However, the function of DANCR and its potential molecular mechanism in cervical cancer remain unclear. In this study, we discovered that DANCR was significantly elevated in cervical cancer tissues and cells, and was closely correlated with poor prognosis of cervical cancer patients. In addition, knockdown of DANCR inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells in vitro, indicating that DANCR functioned as an oncogene in cervical cancer. Moreover, we verified that DANCR could directly bind to miR‐335‐5p, isolating miR‐335‐5p from its target gene Rho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1). Functional analysis showed that DANCR regulated ROCK1 expression by competitively binding to miR‐335‐5p. Further cellular behavioral experiments revealed that miR‐335‐5p mimics and ROCK1 knockdown reversed the effects of upregulated DANCR on proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cervical cancer cells by rescue assays. In summary, this study demonstrated that DANCR promoted cervical cancer progression by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate ROCK1 expression via sponging miR‐335‐5p, suggesting a novel potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) differentiation antagonizing nonprotein coding RNA (DANCR) was significantly elevated in cervical cancer tissues and closely correlated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. LncRNA DANCR promoted cervical cancer progression by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate Rho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) expression via sponging miR‐335‐5p in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]