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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been accepted to play key roles in the development and progression of mutiple cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we identified circ-METTL9, derived from 2-4 exons of METTL9 gene, may promote CRC progression by accelerating cell cycle progression. However, the role and mechanism of circ-METTL9 in CRC remains unclear. Based on our data, the expression of circ-METTL9 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and markedly increased in advanced tumors in CRC patients. Functional experiments demonstrated that circ-METTL9 overexpression promoted CRC cells proliferation and migration in vitro, and simultaneously enhanced CRC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays proved that circ-METTL9 might be a miRNA sponge, and RNA pulldown assays showed the interaction between circ-METTL9 and miR-551b-5p. Notably, cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), a key regulator in cell cycle, is a conserved downstream target of miR-551b-5p. Taken together, our findings highlight a novel oncogenic function of circ-METTL9 in CRC progression via circ-METTL9/miR-551b-5p/CDK6 axis, which may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC patients.

Background Aetiology detection is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). However, the detection method needs improvement. In this study, we used Nanopore sequencing to build a quick detection protocol and compared the efficiency of different methods for detecting 7 VAP pathogens. Methods The endotracheal aspirate (ETA) of 83 patients with suspected VAP from Peking University Third Hospital (PUTH) was collected, saponins were used to deplete host genomes, and PCR- or non-PCR-amplified library construction methods were used and compared. Sequence was performed with MinION equipment and local data analysis methods were used for sequencing and data analysis. Results Saponin depletion effectively removed 11 of 12 human genomes, while most pathogenic bacterial genome results showed no significant difference except for S. pneumoniae. Moreover, the average sequence time decreased from 19.6 h to 3.62 h. The non-PCR amplification method and PCR amplification method for library build has a similar average sensitivity (85.8% vs. 86.35%), but the non-PCR amplification method has a better average specificity (100% VS 91.15%), and required less time. The whole method takes 5–6 h from ETA extraction to pathogen classification. After analysing the 7 pathogens enrolled in our study, the average sensitivity of metagenomic sequencing was approximately 2.4 times higher than that of clinical culture (89.15% vs. 37.77%), and the average specificity was 98.8%. Conclusions Using saponins to remove the human genome and a non-PCR amplification method to build libraries can be used for the identification of pathogens in the ETA of VAP patients within 6 h by MinION, which provides a new approach for the rapid identification of pathogens in clinical departments.

Sleep is essential for proper cognitive functioning. Ozone can delay both the aging process as well as the associated neurodegeneration. An untested hypothesis is that ozone may play a role in reducing the cognitive impairment associated with sleep deprivation. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of ozone’s effect on chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Ozone ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in chronic REM sleep deprived mice, increased the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus region and decreased neuronal loss. Administration of ozone may protect against chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction by enhancing the expression of Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and PlexinA1 concentrations as well as P-CRMP2/CRMP2 in the hippocampus. Moreover, ozone was associated with acetylation of α-tubulin, which, in turn, is associated with microtubule network dynamics and modulates ATP synthase activity. In conclusion, ozone may play a neuroprotective role and improve chronic REM sleep deprivation induced spatial recognition and learning memory dysfunction in mice.

It remains a challenge to judge whether comatose patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can wake up. Here, we aimed to investigate the changes in right ventricle-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling over time in these patients and to evaluate its performance for discriminating between those who woke up within 60 days and those who did not.Thirty-five comatose patients with acute spontaneous ICH underwent bedside echocardiography on days 1, 3, and 5 after onset with the measurement of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and mean pulmonary artery pressure. The RV-PA coupling (the ratio of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to mean pulmonary artery pressure) was calculated.Within 60 days of the onset of coma, 11 individuals awakened and survived, and 24 individuals died. In awakened patients, RV-PA couplings did not differ among days 1, 3, and 5 (1.62 ± 0.38 vs. 1.61 ± 0.32 vs. 1.64 ± 0.25 mm/mm Hg, P 0.05), whereas in unawakened patients, they decreased drastically from day 1 to day 3 and then to day 5 (1.26 ± 0.32 vs. 0.63 ± 0.05 vs. 0.43 ± 0.06 mm/mm Hg, P 0.05). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.992 for the ratio of RV-PA coupling on day 5 to day 1 of the coma was superior to that for the Glasgow Coma Scale (area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.606) in the discrimination of comatose patients with ICH who woke up within 60 days from those who did not. The optimal cutoff value was 0.536, with a sensitivity of 100.00%, a specificity of 96.24%, and an accuracy of 97.13%.Right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling demonstrated a high performance for discriminating comatose patients with ICH who woke up within 60 days from those who did not.

Thrips pests cause increasing damage to crops around the world. Widespread usage of some insecticides against thrips has now led to the evolution of resistance to several active ingredients, and new insecticides are required. This study examined the toxicity of the novel insecticide broflanilide to multiple populations of several thrips pests.Bioassays showed that thrips populations had LCBroflanilide is potentially a useful insecticide for controlling Thrips hawaiiensis, Frankliniella intonsa, Megalurothrips usitatus. E. americanus, and some populations of T. palmi. However, the variation in toxicity of this insecticide to different species, populations, and developmental stages indicates that target species and life stages may need to be carefully considered. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Colonizing populations of alien invasive species are often unstable due to their small population size, ongoing gene flow, and ongoing adaptation to local conditions. These processes should lead to molecular signatures at the population level. However, temporal changes in genetic patterns after introduction are rarely examined. The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is a globally invasive pest of vegetables and ornamental crops. Early colonized populations in China exhibited a strong population structure reflecting different invasion sources. Here, we re-examine this pattern after ten years. Over this period, the number of alleles has declined significantly and strong population genetic structure found early in the invasion stage has been lost. A high level of gene flow between both geographically close and distant populations was identified. The reduced allele number and loss of population structure might reflect both ongoing gene flow and ongoing control measures to suppress populations. Our results emphasize the importance of continuing to manage gene flow among invaded areas to limit the exchange of alleles that might facilitate further adaptive changes following invasion.

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted more attention in the field of supercapacitors for their potential high performance. Herein, one new Mn-based MOF, [Mn(Hpzca)2]n (1), has been obtaine...

AIM: To assess the changes in the peripapillary vasculature and macular thickness after cataract surgery using two phacoemulsification systems with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS: Fifty-two eyes of 52 patients with age-related cataract were randomized into two groups for phacoemulsification: Infiniti group (26 patients) using the Infiniti phacoemulsification system with gravity-fluidics and Centurion group (26 patients) using the Centurion phacoemulsification system with active-fluidics. The peripapillary vessel density (PVD) and macular thickness were examined using OCTA at baseline and at 1d, 1 and 3mo after cataract surgery. RESULTS: In the Infiniti group, the PVD was significantly reduced at 1d after the cataract surgery (P0.05). In the Centurion group, the VD and thickness in the optic papilla and macula did not significantly change in all regions during the follow-up (all P>0.05). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved in both groups postoperatively (P

Renal interstitial fibrosis is a key factor in the development of chronic renal diseases, possibly leading to uremia. The present study conducted aimed to assess the hypothesis whether keratin 1 (KRT1) silencing could suppress kidney interstitial fibrosis and glomerular sclerosis via the Notch pathway to alleviate uremic symptoms. Differentially expressed genes associated with uremia were identified using the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Uremic rat models were established, in which short hairpin-RNA against KRT1, activators, and inhibitors of the Notch pathway were transfected. To further validate the mechanism of KRT1 in uremia, KRT1 expression, cell apoptosis, glomerular area (GA), and glomerular capillary volume (GV), the score of glomerular sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial injury were assayed and investigated. GEO database revealed that KRT1 was upregulated in uremia and regulated the Notch pathway. GA, GV, cell apoptosis, glomerular sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial injury were typically located in more elevated levels of uremia in rats. KRT1 silencing and Notch pathway inhibition decreased the expression of Jagged1, Notch1, NICD1, Hey1, Hes1, α-SMA, and FN, which further resulted in decreased cell apoptosis, GA, GV, the score of glomerular sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial injury. Subsequently, the effect of KRT1 silencing on uremia was no longer evident once the Notch pathway was activated. The co-localization of high expression KRT1 and Notch1 was found in uremia. In summary, the results identified KRT1 as a key regulator in uremia progression, and KRT1 silencing can suppress glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial injury via inactivation of the Notch pathway in uremic rats.

Although Trichoderma species are usually considered to be culture contaminants, an increasing number of case reports have demonstrated their pathogenicity. Current diagnostic tools, including fungal culture, radiology, histopathology, and direct microscopy examination, are often unable to differentiate the pathogenicity of ‘fungal contaminants’ such as Trichoderma species in patients. Accurate diagnostic tools for ‘fungal contaminants’ infection have become the urgent needs. To that end, we applicated laser capture microdissection (LCM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm T. longibrachiatum infection for the first time. A 57-year-old man presented with a cough and hemoptysis lasting for more than 40 days. Computed tomography scan revealed a mass at the left hilum. In addition to pulmonary spindle cell carcinoma, fungal hyphae were also detected in histopathological examination. The cultured fungus was identified as T. longibrachiatum using molecular procedures. The results from DNA sequencing of DNA obtained by LCM revealed the identical result. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed resistance to itraconazole, fluconazole and flucytosine. The patient was managed with oral voriconazole for 4 months. No relapse of Trichoderma infection was observed at a year follow-up visit. Although there are potential disadvantages, LCM-based molecular biology technology is a promising diagnostic tool for ‘fungal contaminants’ infection.

The global prevalence of chronic renal failure (CRF) has significantly elevated with various reports indicating there to be a 10% worldwide rate. The functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their deeper association with CRF at present remain poorly understood. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the altered expressions of lncRNA LINC00667 in CRF and its associated effects on renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation, apoptosis and renal fibrosis through the microRNA-19b-3p (miR-19b-3p)/LINC00667/connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) signaling pathway. Initially, verification of the targeting relationship between LINC00667, CTGF and miR-19b-3p was performed, after which evidence was obtained indicating that miR-19b-3p could negatively regulate LINC00667 and CTGF. The expressions of CTGF in both the CRF and normal renal tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry means, with LINC00667 and CTGF determined to be highly expressed, while poor expression levels of miR-19b-3p were detected among the CRF tissues. The expressions of LINC00667, miR-19b-3p, fibrosis- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes were also examined. The successfully established CRF rat models were treated with varying mimics, inhibitors, and siRNA. ELISA was applied to determine the renal function-related factors. Besides, the renal cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis were detected. In response to LINC00667 silencing, the renal tubular epithelial cells displayed increased proliferation and migration accompanied by reduced apoptosis based on upregulated miR-19b-3p, along with inhibited renal fibrosis and EMT detected. Taken together, the key findings of our study demonstrated that decreased lncRNA LINC00667 could promote renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation and ameliorate renal fibrosis in CRF via the miR-19b-3p/LINC00667/CTGF signaling pathway.

Data mining is a process to discover hidden information or knowledge automatically from huge database. In order to reduce the number of scanning databases and reflect the importance of different items and transaction so as to extract more valuable information, an improved Apriori algorithm is proposed in this paper, which is to build the 0–1 transaction matrix by scanning transaction database for getting the weighted support and confidence. The items and transactions is weighted to reflect the importance in the transaction database. The experiment results, both qualitative and quantitative, have shown that our improved algorithm shortens the running time and reduces the memory requirement and the number of I/O operations. Meanwhile, the support for rare items tends to increase, while the support for other items decreases slightly, thus the hidden and valuable items can be effectively extracted.

We achieve the robust nonadiabatic holonomic two-qubit controlled gate in one step based on the ground-state blockade mechanism between two Rydberg atoms. By using the Rydberg-blockade effect and the Raman transition mechanism, we can produce the blockade effect of double occupation of the corresponding ground state, i.e., ground-state blockade, to encode the computational subspace into the ground state, thus effectively avoiding the spontaneous emission of the excited Rydberg state. On the other hand, the feature of geometric quantum computation independent of the evolutionary details makes the scheme robust to control errors. In this way, the controlled quantum gate constructed by our scheme not only greatly reduces the gate infidelity caused by spontaneous emission but is also robust to control errors.

Background SATB2 is a diagnostic biomarker and a favourable prognostic marker for colorectal cancer [CRC], but its role in colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer [CAC] is unknown. Methods Colitis was induced in intestinal epithelial-specific Satb2 knockout [Satb2 IEC-KO] and control mice using dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]. RNA-seq analysis was performed on colonic tissues, and 16S rDNA-Seq on faecal bacterial DNA from Satb2 IEC-KO and control mice. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to reveal the proportions of different immune cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation [ChIP] and luciferase reporter were applied to show the regulatory role of SATB2 on SLC26A3, of which the Cl-/HCO3- exchange activity was measured fluorometrically by the pHi-sensitive dye. Bacteroides were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridisation [FISH] on colonic tissue. Results Satb2 IEC-KO mice suffered from intestinal epithelial damage spontaneously, and developed more severe colitis and CAC. The expression of SLC26A3 correlated well with SATB2 revealed by RNA-seq and The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA] data, and was governed by SATB2 confirmed by ChIP and luciferase reporter experiments. Decreased intestinal flora diversity was seen in Satb2 IEC-KO mice. Bacteroides were more abundant and could colonise into the inner layer of colonic mucosa in Satb2 IEC-KO mice. Faecal microbiome transplantation from Satb2 IEC-KO mice aggravated colitis and M1 macrophages infiltration. Conclusions SATB2 plays a vital role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and its deficiency promotes the development of colitis and CAC by influencing the intestinal luminal environment and gut flora.

Background: The chloroacetamide herbicides pretilachlor is an emerging pollutant. Due to the large amount of use, its presence in the environment threatens human health. However, the molecular mechanism of pretilachlor degradation remains unknown. Results: Now, Rhodococcus sp. B2 was isolated from rice field and shown to degrade pretilachlor. The maximum pretilachlor degradation efficiency (86.1%) was observed at a culture time of 5 d, an initial substrate concentration 50 mg/L, pH 6.98, and 30.1°C. One novel metabolite N-hydroxyethyl-2-chloro-N-(2, 6-diethyl-phenyl)-acetamide was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Draft genome comparison demonstrated that a 32,147-bp DNA fragment, harboring gene cluster (EthRABCDB2), was absent from the mutant strain TB2 which could not degrade pretilachlor. The Eth gene cluster, encodes an AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator (EthRB2), a ferredoxin reductase (EthAB2), a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (EthBB2), a ferredoxin (EthCB2) and a 10-kDa protein of unknown function (EthDB2). Complementation with EthABCDB2 and EthABDB2, but not EthABCB2 in strain TB2 restored its ability to degrade chloroacetamide herbicides. Subsequently, codon optimization of EthABCDB2 was performed, after which the optimized components were separately expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. A mixture of EthABCDB2 or EthABDB2 but not EthABCB2 catalyzed the N-dealkoxymethylation of alachlor, acetochlor, butachlor, and propisochlor and O-dealkylation of pretilachlor, revealing that EthD acted as a ferredoxin in strain B2. EthABDB2 displayed maximal activity at 30 °C and pH 7.5. Conclusions: This is the first report of a P450 family oxygenase catalyzing the O-dealkylation and N-dealkoxymethylation of pretilachlor and propisochlor, respectively. And the results of the present study provide a microbial resource for the remediation of chloroacetamide herbicides-contaminated sites.

Background: The chloroacetamide herbicides pretilachlor is an emerging pollutant. Due to the large amount of use, its presence in the environment threatens human health. However, the molecular mechanism of pretilachlor degradation remains unknown. Results: Now, Rhodococcus sp. B2 was isolated from rice field and shown to degrade pretilachlor. The maximum pretilachlor degradation efficiency (86.1%) was observed at a culture time of 5 d, an initial substrate concentration 50 mg/L, pH 6.98, and 30.1°C. One novel metabolite N-hydroxyethyl-2-chloro-N-(2, 6-diethyl-phenyl)-acetamide was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Draft genome comparison demonstrated that a 32,147-bp DNA fragment, harboring gene cluster (EthRABCDB2), was absent from the mutant strain TB2 which could not degrade pretilachlor. The Eth gene cluster, encodes an AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator (EthRB2), a ferredoxin reductase (EthAB2), a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (EthBB2), a ferredoxin (EthCB2) and a 10-kDa protein of unknown function (EthDB2). Complementation with EthABCDB2 and EthABDB2, but not EthABCB2 in strain TB2 restored its ability to degrade chloroacetamide herbicides. Subsequently, codon optimization of EthABCDB2 was performed, after which the optimized components were separately expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. A mixture of EthABCDB2 or EthABDB2 but not EthABCB2 catalyzed the N-dealkoxymethylation of alachlor, acetochlor, butachlor, and propisochlor and O-dealkylation of pretilachlor, revealing that EthD acted as a ferredoxin in strain B2. EthABDB2 displayed maximal activity at 30 °C and pH 7.5. Conclusions: This is the first report of a P450 family oxygenase catalyzing the O-dealkylation and N-dealkoxymethylation of pretilachlor and propisochlor, respectively. And the results of the present study provide a microbial resource for the remediation of chloroacetamide herbicides-contaminated sites.

Background Circular RNA (circRNAs) and hypoxia have been found to play the key roles in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the expressions and functions of the specific circRNAs in regulating hypoxia-involved CRC metastasis, and the circRNAs that are relevant to regulate HIF-1α levels in CRC remain elusive. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of circRNAs and mRNA in CRC cells and tissues. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to analyze the location of circ-ERBIN. Function-based experiments were performed using circ-ERBIN overexpression and knockdown cell lines in vitro and in vivo, including CCK8, colony formation, EdU assay, transwell, tumor growth and metastasis models. Mechanistically, luciferase reporter assay, western blots and immunohistochemical stainings were performed. Results Circ-Erbin was highly expressed in the CRC cells and Circ-Erbin overexpression facilitated the proliferation, migration and metastasis of CRC in vitro and in vivo. Notably, circ-Erbin overexpression significantly promoted angiogenesis by increasing the expression of hypoxia induced factor (HIF-1α) in CRC. Mechanistically, circ-Erbin accelerated a cap-independent protein translation of HIF-1α in CRC cells as the sponges of miR-125a-5p and miR-138-5p, which synergistically targeted eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1(4EBP-1). Conclusions Our findings uncover a key mechanism for circ-Erbin mediated HIF-1α activation by miR-125a-5p-5p/miR-138-5p/4EBP-1 axis and circ-ERBIN is a potential target for CRC treatment.

Background: The chloroacetamide herbicides pretilachlor is an emerging pollutant, Due to the large amount of use, its presence in the environment threatens to human health. However, the molecular mechanism of pretilachlor degradation is unknown. Results: Now, Rhodococcus sp. B2 was isolated from rice field and found to degrade pretilachlor. The maximum pretilachlor degradation efficiency (86.1%) was observed at a culture time of 5 d, 50 mg/L initial substrate, pH 6.98, and 30.1°C. One novel metabolite was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Draft genome comparison demonstrated that a 32,147-bp DNA fragment, comprising a gene cluster (EthRABCDB2), was absent in the mutant strain TB2 which could not degrade pretilachlor. The Eth gene system, encodes an AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator, a ferredoxin reductase, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase, a ferredoxin and a 10-kDa unknown protein. Complementation of EthABCDB2 and EthABDB2, but not EthABCB2 in strain TB2 restored its activity against chloroacetamide herbicides. The codon of EthABCDB2 was optimized, expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified utilizing Ni-affinity chromatography. A mixture of EthABCDB2 or EthABDB2 but not EthABCB2 catalyzed the N-dealkoxymethylation activity toward alachlor, acetochlor, butachlor, and propisochlor and O-dealkylation activity toward pretilachlor, revealing that EthD acted as a ferredoxin in strain B2. EthABDB2 displayed maximal activity at 30 °C and pH 7.5. Conclusions: This is the first report of a P450 family oxygenase catalyzing the O-dealkylation or N-dealkoxymethylation of pretilachlor and propisochlor. And the results provide microbial resource for the remediation of chloroacetamide herbicides-contaminated sites

Background The chloroacetamide herbicides pretilachlor is an emerging pollutant. Due to the large amount of use, its presence in the environment threatens human health. However, the molecular mechanism of pretilachlor degradation remains unknown. Results Now, Rhodococcus sp. B2 was isolated from rice field and shown to degrade pretilachlor. The maximum pretilachlor degradation efficiency (86.1%) was observed at a culture time of 5 d, an initial substrate concentration 50 mg/L, pH 6.98, and 30.1 °C. One novel metabolite N-hydroxyethyl-2-chloro-N-(2, 6-diethyl-phenyl)-acetamide was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Draft genome comparison demonstrated that a 32,147-bp DNA fragment, harboring gene cluster (EthRABCDB2), was absent from the mutant strain TB2 which could not degrade pretilachlor. The Eth gene cluster, encodes an AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator (EthRB2), a ferredoxin reductase (EthAB2), a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (EthBB2), a ferredoxin (EthCB2) and a 10-kDa protein of unknown function (EthDB2). Complementation with EthABCDB2 and EthABDB2, but not EthABCB2 in strain TB2 restored its ability to degrade chloroacetamide herbicides. Subsequently, codon optimization of EthABCDB2 was performed, after which the optimized components were separately expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. A mixture of EthABCDB2 or EthABDB2 but not EthABCB2 catalyzed the N-dealkoxymethylation of alachlor, acetochlor, butachlor, and propisochlor and O-dealkylation of pretilachlor, revealing that EthDB2 acted as a ferredoxin in strain B2. EthABDB2 displayed maximal activity at 30 °C and pH 7.5. Conclusions This is the first report of a P450 family oxygenase catalyzing the O-dealkylation and N-dealkoxymethylation of pretilachlor and propisochlor, respectively. And the results of the present study provide a microbial resource for the remediation of chloroacetamide herbicides-contaminated sites.

Background: Since December 2019, acute respiratory disease (ARD) caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) rapidly spread throughout China. Children and adults seemed to differ in the clinical course of the disease. The purpose of the current study is to comparatively analyze the clinical characteristics of children and adult patients with 2019-nCoV infection and to explore the possible causes for the discrepant aspects.Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical records of 32 cases confirmed with 2019-nCoV ARD from Xi'an eighth hospital (Shaanxi, China) from January 31 to February 16, 2020 were reviewed.Results: In all 32 patients contained 7 children and 25 adults. All children were family cluster. For adult patients, local residents of Wuhan, recently travelled to Wuhan, patient contacted with people from Wuhan were 14 (56%), 10 (40%), 1 (4%), respectively. The median incubation period of children and adult was 5 days (range, 3 to 12) and 4 days (range, 2 to 12), respectively. Altogether 10 (40%) adult patients had underlying conditions significantly, but no children had. Fever (Children 71.4% vs. Adult 96%) and cough (Children 71.4% vs. Adult 76%) were the most common symptoms in both groups. The third symptom observed in children was diarrhea and/or vomiting (57.1%), for adult it was myalgia or fatigue (52%). On admission, 5 (71.4%) children patients showed pneumonia roughly the same as adult patients (20, 80%), and that the two group shared a multitude of common imaging characteristics. 20% of adult with leucopoenia, but leukocytosis was significantly more frequently in children (28.6%, P=0.014). More children had elevated creatine kinase isoenzyme (57.1% vs. 4%, P=0.004). All patients were discharged after symptomatic treatment, including oxygen therapy, antiviral treatment, antibiotic treatment. Only one infant was intravenously injected low-dose glucocorticoids.Conclusions: Our results multi-dimensionally demonstrate that children with 2019-nCoV infection present a clinical picture which is often distinct from that of adults. Knowledge of these differences will be helpful for the clinical diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) and for a future discussion on age specific infection case definitions.

Three pyrazole Schiff bases (E)-2-(((1H-pyrazol-3-yl)imino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (1), (Z)-N-(4-bromobenzylidene)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (2), and (E)-2-(((1H-pyrazol-3-yl)imino) methyl)-4,6-dibromophenol (3) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR, 1HNMR. The molecular structures were confirmed by X-ray structural studies, and investigated intermolecular interactions in building different supramolecular architectures. The title compounds are associated through hydrogen bonds, π-stacking interactions and further connected into hydrogen-bonded supramolecular layers and are responsible as well for the strengthening of the molecular assembly. In addition, the title compounds were also tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of C. albicans and Gram-negative bacteria. It was worthwhile to note that 1 and 3 could be used as potential antibacterial agents.

The random obstacles in the shallow sea environment, the irregular underwater pavement and the high quality requirements of multimedia transmission make the multimedia applications of shallow sea face the problems of high bit error rate, low transmission rate and low video quality. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a multimedia transmission mechanism and its architecture for wireless communication in shallow water based on time-frequency mode autonomous separation. Firstly, based on the complex and changeable seabed structure, the underwater biota movement track and the dynamic topology of end to end communication, a shallow sea wireless multimedia transmission system is constructed. Secondly, based on the performance of multimedia streaming in the time domain and frequency domain, a real-time multimedia transmission control mechanism for the time frequency separation of autonomous controlled multimedia signals from FS and TS is proposed. Finally, the simulation experiment and the field test results of shallow sea show that the proposed algorithm has superior performance in transmission rate, transmission efficiency, delivery rate and real-time performance.

Background The peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii Matsumura (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae), poses a serious threat to a variety of fruits and causes significant economic loss owing to difficulties in its prevention and control. The olfactory sense is generally acknowledged to be a novel target for pest control. However, a systematic study of the olfactory genes expressed in C. sasakii has not been reported yet. Here, we reported the antennal transcriptome of C. sasakii using high-throughput sequencing and annotated the main chemosensory multi-gene families. Results In the chemosensory gene families, 29 odorant-binding proteins, 13 chemosensory proteins, 1 sensory neuron membrane protein, 52 odorant receptors, 8 ionotropic receptors and 11 gustatory receptors were annotated in the C. sasakii antennal transcriptome. The number of olfactory genes obtained in our transcriptome was consistent with that identified in other lepidopteran insects, confirming that we basically accomplished the annotation of the chemosensory genes of C. sasakii in the adult antennal transcriptome. All sequences were annotated and analyzed by BLAST (basic local alignment search tool), and some chemosensory genes with specific functions were named according to the BLAST results and phylogenetic trees. Based on the expression profile in the transcriptome and phylogenetic analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in both male and female adults. Finally, fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR was used to identify the male-specific or female-specific chemosensory genes that were putatively related to odor detection and recognition. Moreover, expression levels of OR33 and PBP2 were significantly higher in males than in females, indicating that these genes may interact with sex pheromones. We found some conserved antennal IRs and GRs involved in detecting sugar compounds (GR2, GR5, GR6, GR8) and carbon dioxide (GR1), which were also identified based on phylogenetic analysis. Conclusions There are 114 putative chemosensory proteins expressed in C. sasakii identified in this study. The identification of these proteins will make the molecular mechanism of odor recognition accessible. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4900-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

// Tong Shen 1 , Shi Li 1 , Ling-Dong Cai 1 , Jing-Lin Liu 1 , Chu-Yi Wang 1 , Wen-Juan Gan 1 , Xiu-Ming Li 1 , Jing-Ru Wang 1 , Li-Na Sun 1 , Min Deng 1 , Yu-Hong Liu 2 and Jian-Ming Li 1 1 Department of Pathology, Soochow University Medical School, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China 2 Department of Pathology, Baoan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, People’s Republic of China Correspondence to: Jian-Ming Li, email: jianmingli@suda.edu.cn Keywords: Erbin; inflammatory bowel disease; autophagy; cell death Received: September 15, 2017 Accepted: November 16, 2017 Published: January 04, 2018 ABSTRACT The pathogenesis and key functional molecules involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unclear. Here, we reported that Erbin, a protein required for the polarity of epithelial cells, is conserved across species and highly expressed in the intestinal mucosa in mice and zebrafish. Pathologically, Erbin expression in the intestinal mucosa was significantly decreased in DSS induced acute colitis mice, IL-10 deficient mice and clinical biopsy specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis. Moreover, Erbin deficient mice are more susceptible to experimental colitis, exhibiting more severe intestinal barrier disruption, with increased histological scores and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, Erbin deficiency or knockdown significantly exacerbated activation of autophagic program and autophagic cell death in vivo and in vitro . And, inhibition of autophagy by Chloroquine attenuates excessive inflammatory response in the DSS-induced colitis mouse model of Erbin deletion. Generally, our study uncovers a crucial role of Erbin in autophagic cell death and IBD, giving rise to a new strategy for IBD therapy by inhibiting excessive activation of autophagy and autophagic cell death.

The class III deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of the sirtuin family proteins, plays a key role in many types of cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we report that SIRT1 suppressed CRC metastasis in vitro and in vivo as a negative regulator for miR-15b-5p transcription. Mechanistically, SIRT1 impaired regulatory effects of activator protein (AP-1) on miR-15b-5p trans-activation through deacetylation of AP-1. Importantly, acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), a key enzyme of the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway, was found as a direct target for miR-15b-5p. SIRT1 expression was positively correlated with ACOX1 expression in CRC cells and in xenografts. Moreover, ACOX1 overexpression attenuated the augmentation of migration and invasion of CRC cells by miR-15b-5p overexpression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated a functional role of the SIRT1/miR-15b-5p/ACOX1 axis in CRC metastasis and suggested a potential target for metastatic CRC therapy.

MiR-21, the only microRNA (miRNA) found to be overexpressed in any type of solid tumor, its guide stand, miR-21-5p, has been studied a lot in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, few researchers focused on its passenger strand, miR-21-3p. In our study, based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, we found that there were more varieties and quantities of miR-21-3p isoforms in microsatellite instability (MSI)-type CRC. We further examined the role of miR-21-3p by in vitro and in vivo studies. MiR-21-3p may be an oncogene in CRC by promoting cellular mobility through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, different isoforms, especially miR-21-3p 0 | 2, may be a favorable prognostic marker for CRC survival, probably due to increased complementary effect of miR-21-5p and/or target genes. Further study investigating the underlying mechanism of miRNA isoforms is needed.