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In situ transcriptomic techniques promise a holistic view of tissue organization and cell-cell interactions. There has been a surge of multiplexed RNA in situ mapping techniques but their application to human tissues has been limited due to their large size, general lower tissue quality and high autofluorescence. Here we report DART-FISH, a padlock probe-based technology capable of profiling hundreds to thousands of genes in centimeter-sized human tissue sections. We introduce an omni-cell type cytoplasmic stain that substantially improves the segmentation of cell bodies. Our enzyme-free isothermal decoding procedure allows us to image 121 genes in large sections from the human neocortex in 20 healthy and pathological cell states, and identified diseased niches enriched in transcriptionally altered epithelial cells and myofibroblasts.

Background: Pulse wave, as a carrier of human hemodynamic parameters, can reflect the hemodynamic state of the menstrual cycle. Objective: To explore the influence of pulse wave shape and pulse rate variation on menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea. Methods: The pulse waveform data of 20 women during the whole menstrual cycle were collected and monitored, and the waveform characteristics and pulse rate variation characteristics were calculated. Results: The characteristic parameters of waveform and pulse rate variation increased first and then decreased with the development of the menstrual cycle. Characteristics were associated with dysmenorrhea at different stages of the menstrual cycle. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the physiological significance of pulse wave characteristics and heart rate variability parameters in relation to the menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea. These results provide new insights into the physiological mechanisms underlying pulse wave changes during the menstrual cycle and offer potential guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of dysmenorrhea.

With the development of science, technology, and the economy, China has become the world's largest emitter of carbon emissions. To achieve sustainable development in both the economy and the environment, promoting a low-carbon economy and implementing energy conservation and emission reduction measures are crucial. This study incorporates media participation as an effective source of government supervision into an evolutionary game model that addresses the choices of environmental regulations and emission reduction strategies for non-compliant port and shipping enterprises. Through the derivation and analysis of replicator dynamics equations and evolutionary stability, four different scenarios are identified, representing the strategic choices of government environmental regulations and non-compliant enterprise behaviors. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the evolutionary outcomes and pathways under different initial values and conditions. Additionally, the impact of media exposure probability on the strategic choices of the government and non-compliant enterprises is analyzed. The results indicate that a higher media exposure probability can promote non-compliant enterprises to opt for self-disclosure while reducing government regulatory costs. The government can enhance the positive involvement of the media to lower the regulatory costs imposed on non-compliant port and shipping enterprises, thereby improving the design of environmental regulations and achieving a win-win situation for economic and environmental performance.

With a focus on a class of origami-inspired metamaterials, this work explores the role of panel confinement in their mechanical response under cyclic loading. The goal is twofold: (i) quantify the magnitude change in snapping force and energy dissipation attained by varying the severity of confinement of selected panels; and (ii) leverage insights to modulate in situ their mechanical response as dictated by a given application, hence propose panel confinement modulation as a practical design route for response reprogrammability. Through computational modelling, proof-of-concept fabrication and cyclic testing, we first identify and characterize the governing factors enabling either the alteration or the preservation of the snapping force magnitude during repeated cycles of forward and backward loading. Then, we demonstrate how the in situ modulation of the constrained distance between selected panels enables reprogramming their snapping sequence and energy dissipation. The results contribute to expanding the versatility and application of this class of origami metamaterial across sectors, from aerospace to protective equipment, requiring precise control of mechanical damping and energy dissipation. This article is part of the theme issue 'Origami/Kirigami-inspired structures: from fundamentals to applications'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel amide alkaloid, bursatamide A (1), featuring an unprecedented propyl-hexahydronaphthalene carbon framework, was isolated from the infrequently studied sea hare Bursatella leachi , alongside a new 3-phenoxypropanenitrile alkaloid, bursatellin B (2), and twelve known compounds. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic data analyses, while their relative and absolute configurations (ACs) were established through total synthesis and a series of quantum chemical calculations, including calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) methods, and DP4+ probability analyses. Bursatamide A (1) demonstrated inhibitory effects against the human pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Vibrio cholerae. Erythro -bursatellin B (21), a diastereoisomer of 2 , exhibited notable antibacterial activity against the fish pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus parauberis FP KSP28, with an MIC 90 value of 0.0472 μg·mL−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The weight of live pigs is directly related to their health, nutrition management, disease prevention and control, and the overall economic benefits to livestock enterprises. Direct weighing can induce stress responses in pigs, leading to decreased productivity. Therefore, modern livestock industries are increasingly turning to non-contact techniques for estimating pig weight, such as automated monitoring systems based on computer vision. These technologies provide continuous, real-time weight-monitoring data without disrupting the pigs' normal activities or causing stress, thereby enhancing breeding efficiency and management levels. Two methods of pig weight estimation based on image and point cloud data are comprehensively analyzed in this paper. We first analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods and then discuss the main problems and challenges in the field of pig weight estimation technology. Finally, we predict the key research areas and development directions in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]