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Weighting methods are commonly used in situations of unit nonresponse with linked register data. However, several arguments in terms of valid inference and practical usability can be made against the use of weighting methods in these situations. Imputation methods such as sample and mass imputation may be suitable alternatives, as they lead to valid inference in situations of item nonresponse and have some practical advantages. In a simulation study, sample and mass imputation were compared to traditional weighting when dealing with unit nonresponse in linked register data. Methods were compared on their bias and coverage in different scenarios. Both, sample and mass imputation, had better coverage than traditional weighting in all scenarios. Imputation methods can therefore be recommended over weighting as they also have practical advantages, such as that estimates outside the observed data distribution can be created and that many auxiliary variables can be taken into account. The use of sample or mass imputation depends on the specific data structure.

Because variables may be correlated in the social and behavioral sciences, multicollinearity might be problematic. This study investigates the effect of collinearity manipulated in within and between levels of a two-level confirmatory factor analysis by Monte Carlo simulation. Furthermore, the influence of the size of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and estimation method; maximum likelihood estimation with robust chi-squares and standard errors and Bayesian estimation, on the convergence rate are investigated. The other variables of interest were rate of inadmissible solutions and the relative parameter and standard error bias on the between level. The results showed that inadmissible solutions were obtained when there was between level collinearity and the estimation method was maximum likelihood. In the within level multicollinearity condition, all of the solutions were admissible but the bias values were higher compared with the between level collinearity condition. Bayesian estimation appeared to be robust in obtaining admissible parameters but the relative bias was higher than for maximum likelihood estimation. Finally, as expected, high ICC produced less biased results compared to medium ICC conditions.

Item does not contain fulltext Previous research has shown limited efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) among adolescents and generally low compliance rates. As higher compliance rates are associated with improved abstinence rates, the present study examined predictors of NRT compliance. This study aims to test whether different NRT compliance trajectories can be distinguished among adolescents, to test whether these trajectories can be predicted by demographic, smoking-related, and personality factors, and to examine abstinence rates for each trajectory. Data were used from a randomized controlled trial that tested the efficacy of nicotine patches versus placebo patches among 265 Dutch adolescents. During NRT treatment, adolescents filled out six online questionnaires in which they reported on the number of days they used the patches. Predictors (i.e., demographic and smoking-related factors and personality characteristics) and end-of-treatment abstinence were also administered through these self-reports. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to analyze compliance data by classifying individuals into similar growth trajectories. Three compliance trajectories were found (i.e., "compliers" (n = 89), "moderate decreasers" (n = 41), and "strong decreasers" (n = 127)). The compliers can be characterized by higher levels of conscientiousness and agreeableness and lower levels of extraversion compared with the strong decreasers, and by higher levels of conscientiousness and education compared with the moderate decreasers. Among the compliers, a substantially higher percentage of adolescents achieved abstinence at end-of-treatment (10 %) compared with the moderate decreasers (3 %) and the strong decreasers (6 %). These findings could be the starting point for person-tailored interventions that aim to enhance NRT compliance rates among adolescents. 10 p.

This study investigates the relation between leisure activities and the social status of the elderly based on a heterogeneous sample of the Dutch population. Close relationships are also analyzed to identify which people could serve as successful stimulators of leisure participation. The social profile confirms that older people have fewer social contacts and often feel lonely. This study shows that leisure activities explain a significant part of older people’s social connectedness. Voluntary work, cultural activities, holiday, sports, reading books, hobbies and shopping are found to be successful predictors for social connectedness of older people. Watching TV, listening to the radio, and spending time behind the computer (passive activities) were not associated with social connectedness. Friends correlate positively to participation in leisure activities. Partners play a role in participation in cultural activities and sports; parents play a role in participation in voluntary work and holidays; siblings play a role in voluntary work and sports; and children play a role in cultural activities, reading books, and shopping. Local communities can use these close relationships and develop special programs to increase social connectedness and hence improve quality of life for older adults.Keywords: Social connectedness, Social support, Older adults, Social isolation, Intervention, Social indicators

ObjectivesThe use of stakeholders in systematic reviews is increasingly valued, but their influence on the systematicity of the review is often unclear. The aim of this study was to describe some of the processes of involvement of stakeholders and to demonstrate a Tool for Recording and Accounting for Stakeholder Involvement (TRASI).MethodsWe demonstrate the TRASI in two worked examples. In one project, the reviewers collaborated with the end-user and an expert during the literature search. In the other project, experts were consulted to generate keywords before searching the literature.ResultsIn the first project, disagreements about keywords to identify studies for the research topic were solved by informal discussion. In the second project, difficulties arose in reaching agreement between experts and reviewers about the core construct and the meaningful keywords associated with it.DiscussionThe TRASI aids researchers to systematically and transparently account for the decisions taken. The TRASI supports information specialists and librarians to shape the search strategy to match the objectives of the review.ConclusionsWe propose the TRASI as a first step in resolving the challenges of detecting and reconstructing stakeholder influences. Potential new applications of the TRASI are discussed.

OBJECTIVE: This article reviews available qualitative studies that report young refugees' ways of dealing with adversity to address their sources of resilience. DESIGN: We searched five electronic databases. Twenty-six empirical studies were included in the review. A meta-ethnography approach was used to synthesize these qualitative studies. RESULTS: Six sources of resilience emerged: (1) social support, (2) acculturation strategies, (3) education, (4) religion, (5) avoidance, and (6) hope. These sources indicated social as well as personal factors that confer resilience in young refugees, but most of them also had counterproductive aspects. CONCLUSION: The results, from an ecological developmental perspective, stressed the interplay between protective and risk processes in the mental health of young refugees who had resettled in Western countries, and they emphasized the variability as well as the universality of resilience-promoting processes. Further research is needed to explore the cultural shape of resilience and the long-term consequences of war and migration on young refugees.

Surveys increasingly use mixed mode data collection (e.g., combining face-to-face and web) because this controls costs and helps to maintain good response rates. However, a combination of different survey modes in one study, be it cross-sectional or longitudinal, can lead to different kinds of measurement errors. For example, respondents in a face-to-face survey or a web survey may interpret the same question differently, and might give a different answer, just because of the way the question is presented. This effect of survey mode on the question-answer process is called measurement mode effect. This study develops methodological and statistical tools to identify the existence and size of mode effects in a mixed mode survey. In addition, it assesses the size and importance of mode effects in measurement instruments using a specific mixed mode panel survey (Netherlands Kinship Panel Study). Most measurement instruments in the NKPS are multi-item scales, therefore confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) will be used as the main analysis tool, using propensity score methods to correct for selection effects. The results show that the NKPS scales by and large have measurement equivalence, but in most cases only partial measurement equivalence. Controlling for respondent differences on demographic variables, and on scale scores from the previous uni-mode measurement occasion, tends to improve measurement equivalence, but not for all scales. The discussion ends with a review of the implications of our results for analyses employing these scales.

Increasing reluctance of businesses to participate in surveys often leads to declining or low response rates, poor data quality and burden complaints, and suggests that a driving force, that is, the motivation for participation and accurate and timely response, is insufficient or lacking. Inspiration for ways to remedy this situation has already been sought in the psychological theory of self-determination; previous research has favored enhancement of intrinsic motivation compared to extrinsic motivation. Traditionally however, enhancing extrinsic motivation has been pervasive in business surveys. We therefore review this theory in the context of business surveys using empirical data from the Netherlands and Slovenia, and suggest that extrinsic motivation calls for at least as much attention as intrinsic motivation, that other sources of motivation may be relevant besides those stemming from the three fundamental psychological needs (competence, autonomy and relatedness), and that other approaches may have the potential to better explain some aspects of motivation in business surveys (e.g., implicit motives). We conclude with suggestions that survey organizations can consider when attempting to improve business survey response behavior.

This article reports from a pilot study that was conducted in a probability-based online panel in the Netherlands. Two parallel surveys were conducted: one in the traditional questionnaire layout of the panel and the other optimized for mobile completion with new software that uses a responsive design (optimizes the layout for the device chosen). The latter questionnaire was optimized for mobile completion, and respondents could choose whether they wanted to complete the survey on their mobile phone or on a regular desktop. Results show that a substantive number of respondents (57%) used their mobile phone for survey completion. No differences were found between mobile and desktop users with regard to break offs, item nonresponse, time to complete the survey, or response effects such as length of answers to an open-ended question and the number of responses in a check-all-that-apply question. A considerable number of respondents gave permission to record their GPS coordinates, which are helpful in defining where the survey was taken. Income, household size, and household composition were found to predict mobile completion. In addition, younger respondents, who typically form a hard-to-reach group, show higher mobile completion rates.

The effects of an intervention designed to prevent onset of weekly drinking in non drinking students (PAS) were investigated in the group of students that was already drinking at baseline. A cluster randomized trial was used including 3,490 Dutch early adolescents (M age=12.66, SD =0.49) randomized over four conditions; 1) parent intervention, 2) student intervention, 3) combined intervention and 4) control group. Outcome measures were amount and growth of weekly alcohol drinking measured 10, 22 and 34months after baseline. The combined intervention significantly curbed the growth of drinking among both non-drinkers (the target group of the intervention) and drinkers at baseline. Overall, less strong increases of drinking over time are found among non-drinkers compared to drinkers at baseline. Thus, the combined PAS intervention is also effective in curbing adolescents' drinking behaviour in those who already were drinking at baseline. Broad implementation of the combined parent–student intervention is recommended.

Cluster randomized trials assess the effect of an intervention that is carried out at the group or cluster level. Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour is often used to model the effect of the intervention as an indirect effect mediated in turn by attitude, norms and behavioural intention. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is the technique of choice to estimate indirect effects and their significance. However, this is a large sample technique, and its application in a cluster randomized trial assumes a relatively large number of clusters. In practice, the number of clusters in these studies tends to be relatively small, e.g. much less than fifty. This study uses simulation methods to find the lowest number of clusters needed when multilevel SEM is used to estimate the indirect effect. Maximum likelihood estimation is compared to Bayesian analysis, with the central quality criteria being accuracy of the point estimate and the confidence interval. We also investigate the power of the test for the indirect effect. We conclude that Bayes estimation works well with much smaller cluster level sample sizes such as 20 cases than maximum likelihood estimation; although the bias is larger the coverage is much better. When only 5 to 10 clusters are available per treatment condition even with Bayesian estimation problems occur.

When reviewing literature, mixed methods studies (MMS) are increasingly retrieved, yet it is unclear how they should be dealt with in a research synthesis. In this article we examine the inclusion of primary MMS in research synthesis, based on experiences with a meta-analysis (MA) and a qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) in childhood trauma. The aim is to offer guidance for reviewers in deciding upon the use of MMS. This review article examines (1) the qualitative component, (2) the quantitative component, as well as (3) the third component of combined yield for use in a MA, a QES or a mixed studies review. A systematic search for MMS in the field of childhood trauma from January 1980 to October 2011 resulted in twelve MMS. Eight qualitative components, six quantitative components and one combined yield could have been included in a MA or QES. Exclusion of qualitative components was due to insufficient quality. Quantitative components were excluded because sample sizes were too small, different outcome measures than ours were used or no adequate statistics were provided. Yield could not be included because it was absent, outside the scope or otherwise unspecified. Finally, we offer flow charts with clear steps to assist researchers in deciding upon the use of components of MMS. Our study demonstrates that MMS can cover new areas and therefore cannot be neglected in a research synthesis. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

In deze studie onderzochten we of er verschillende ontwikkelingstrajecten bestaan in het gebruik van seksueel expliciet internetmateriaal (SEIM) van adolescenten en welke factoren voorspellend zijn voor deze trajecten. Een combinatie van latente klasseanalyse met groeicurves en multinominale regressieanalyse werd toegepast op 4-wave longitudinale gegevens van 441 adolescenten. Onder jongens waren vier ontwikkelingstrajecten in SEIM-gebruik te onderscheiden: ‘Stabiel geen/weinig gebruik’, ‘Sterk toenemend gebruik’, ‘Licht afnemend gebruik’ en ‘Stabiel veel gebruik’. Voor meisjes werd slechts één traject ‘Stabiel geen/weinig gebruik’ gevonden. Jongens in trajecten gekenmerkt door een hogere mate van SEIM-gebruik bleken bij de aanvang van de studie meer seksueel permissief en seksueel geïnteresseerd, zij communiceerden vaker met hun ouders over seks, konden vaker in privacy internetten en hadden een hogere realiteitsperceptie ten aanzien van seksuele media vergeleken met jongens in het traject ‘Stabiel geen/weinig gebruik’.

The objective of this study is to explore the interpretation of religious and spiritual experiences during mania, depression and recovery, from the perspective of bipolar clients and to inquire into their expectations of treatment in relation to these experiences. For this purpose, a qualitative pilot study is designed, which includes interviews with 10 outpatients of Altrecht, a Dutch mental health institution. The meaning of religious and spiritual experiences and the question of their authenticity proved to be an important theme for the participants. The support of spirituality for illness management was brought to the fore, as well as the temporary lack of this support during depression by some participants. Participants considered it desirable that more attention be paid to the topic during treatment, and to establish better cooperation between spiritual counsellors of the institution and other professionals. Thus, a more existential or hermeneutical approach towards religious experiences in relation to bipolar disorder would be a desirable contribution to standard treatment. The exact outlines of such an approach demand more empirical research.

Dependent interviewing (DI) uses respondent data from earlier waves in panel surveys to improve the data quality of change estimates. Apart from a positive effect on data quality through reducing overestimations of change, DI could also affect data quality negatively when it leads to satisficing and an overestimation of stability between waves. In this article, we experimentally test two frequently used DI designs under different levels of measurement error. Our data consist of income reports from a four-wave panel survey conducted in the Netherlands. The effects of our experiment on data quality are modeled with a quasi-simplex structure to enable the decomposition of variances into measurement errors and true change. Our main conclusion is that there is some risk of a negative effect on data quality for proactive DI but not for reactive DI.

In this dissertation we show theoretical and empirical insights into the concept of motivation in the context of the business and organizational survey task. The research has led to a number of recommendations on how to improve organizational survey and communication design to enhance motivation and herewith improve response rates and data quality and diminish burden complaints by businesses and other types of organizations. We have also laid the base upon which to continue further research on motivation in organizational surveys, continuing to fill the gap between what is known in other disciplines about motivation and how this can be applied to organizational survey research. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques were used, as well as different types of data. By using different data types and analysis methods complementarity and validation of the results of the different chapters is achieved. Literature research was also part of the endeavor of bringing in more knowledge on motivation into the field of business and organizational survey methodology. To sum up, we conclude, first, regarding types of motivation, from Chapter 2, that extrinsic motivation calls for attention with regards to organizational survey response behavior and that thus extrinsic sources of motivation may be relevant besides those influencing intrinsic motivation. We also propose that other approaches may have the potential to better explain some aspects of motivation in organizational surveys than the self-determination theory framework alone, for instance the dual system approach to motivation that treats implicit motives besides explicit motives, as opposed to previous survey research that has given attention only to intrinsic motivation. Possible ways to enhance extrinsic motivation for the organizational survey response task are, for example, the use of incentives (Chapter 4); or the enhancement of the usefulness of the surveys as perceived by businesses by, for example, the feedback of statistical figures (Chapter 3). Chapter 3 explores more in depth businesses’ use of official statistics and possibilities of enhancing this use. This knowledge can be used to enhance motivation through a survey and communication design. In the context of intrinsic motivation especially important seems to be the relationship between a survey organization such as Statistics Netherlands and the responding organization (for example a business) or an organizational respondent. The effect of survey design and communication instances and strategies on perception and sentiments is explored in Chapter 5. Chapter 5 indicates which kind of actions and communication strategies of the Dutch national statistical institute CBS influence a positive or negative sentiment and perception and herewith also points towards knowledge on how to enhance motivation through a survey and communication design. This chapter makes it especially evident that communication instances are very important in influencing perception and sentiments and should receive due attention when designing a survey. Chapter 6 critically reviews motivation research and theories from different fields of research and concludes with recommendations for the application of these findings on organizational survey design.

The aim of the current study was twofold: (1) to systematically examine differences in fear conditioning between anxiety patients and healthy controls using meta-analytic methods, and (2) to examine the extent to which study characteristics may account for the variability in findings across studies. Forty-four studies (published between 1920 and 2013) with data on 963 anxiety disordered patients and 1222 control subjects were obtained through Pubmed and Psychinfo, as well as from a previous meta-analysis on fear conditioning (Lissek et al., 2005). Results demonstrated robustly increased fear responses to conditioned safety-cues (CS-) in anxiety patients compared to controls during acquisition. This effect may represent an impaired ability to inhibit fear in the presence of safety cues (CS-) and/or may signify an increased tendency in anxiety disordered patients to generalize fear responses to safe stimuli resembling the conditioned danger-cue (CS+). In contrast, during extinction, patients show stronger fear responses to the CS+ and a trend toward increased discrimination learning (differentiation between the CS+ and CS-) compared to controls, indicating delayed and/or reduced extinction of fear in anxiety patients. Finally, none of the included study characteristics, such as the type of fear measure (subjective versus psychophysiological index of fear), could account significantly for the variance in effect sizes across studies. Further research is needed to investigate the predictive value of fear extinction on treatment outcome, as extinction processes are thought to underlie the beneficial effects of exposure treatment in anxiety disorders.

Combining the findings obtained by different research methods in mixed-research synthesis could potentially contribute to a broader, more diverse evidence base for interventions. In this article we focus on the methodological challenges involved in synthesizing various types of research findings. We propose a method that uses hypotheses to facilitate the comparison and integration of such different findings. The method consists of four steps: (1) synthesizing findings per source of evidence, (2) formulating a mono-method hypothesis for each source, (3) integrating the monomethod hypotheses into one overall hypothesis, and (4) evaluating, using empirical data, whether the overall hypothesis better fits the data than each of the mono-method hypotheses. Using quantitative studies, qualitative studies and experts’ views in the substantive case of children and trauma, we will illustrate the proposed method. We conclude that the method provides a viable perspective for constructing an elaborate model that captures the knowledge from complementary sources.

Tegenwoordig worden dezelfde surveys vaak afgenomen via meerdere modes, zoals in persoon, via de telefoon en het web. Afhankelijk van de wijze van afname kunnen de antwoorden van respondenten echter verschillen. Om inzicht te krijgen in voor wat voor soort vragen deze antwoorden verschillen, hebben we de items van enkele grote surveys, waaronder de Enquête Beroepsbevolking van het Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, door meerdere beoordelaars op hun kenmerken laten coderen. Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat de interbeoordelaar-betrouwbaarheid relatief laag is voor een groot aantal van de kenmerken. Dit suggereert dat onderzoekers voorzichtig moeten zijn in het beoordelen en het gebruik van kenmerken om inzicht te krijgen in mode-specifieke meetfouten.

Attrition is the process of dropout from a panel study. Earlier studies into the determinants of attrition study respondents still in the survey and those who attrited at any given wave of data collection. In many panel surveys, the process of attrition is more subtle than being either in or out of the study. Respondents often miss out on one or more waves, but might return after that. They start off responding infrequently, but more often later in the course of the study. Using current analytical models, it is difficult to incorporate such response patterns in analyses of attrition. This article shows how to study attrition in a latent class framework. This allows the separation of different groups of respondents, that each follow a different and distinct process of attrition. Classifying attriting respondents enables us to formally test substantive theories of attrition and its effects on data accuracy more effectively.

“Mixed-mode designs” are innovative types of surveys which combine more than one mode of administration in the same project, such as surveys administered partly on the web (online), on paper, by telephone, or face-to-face. Mixed-mode designs have become increasingly popular in international survey research, because they can increase response and coverage of inexpensive single-mode data collection designs, such as web or paper. This dissertation explains and illustrates methodology for making informed choices for modes used in mixed-mode designs. After a general introduction to the topic of mixed-mode research, each substantial chapter addressed one of three design objectives suggesting different methodological approaches, which are illustrated for the case of the Dutch Crime Victimization Survey (CVS). For this purpose a large-scale mixed-mode experiment was conducted in collaboration Statistics Netherlands in 2011, in which four modes of administration were administered in a split-ballot between-subject design with a follow-up survey (re-interview) in a single-mode of administration (face-to-face). The first design objective concerns the extent of selection error evoked by single-mode survey designs and candidate mixed-mode designs that are considered for implementation in the field. In increasing response and coverage rates of single-mode designs, mixed-mode designs should reduce the selection error of estimates against true population scores, hence increasing representativeness of survey modes with lower response rates. In chapter two, it is demonstrated how the re-interview data as well as frame information can be used to estimate selection error and compare its size across designs. The second design objective concerns the impact survey modes have on the accuracy of survey measurements. Mode effects (or ‘measurement effects’) can bias the estimates of mixed-mode surveys, if one or more of the modes in the design-mix measures certain questions with larger error. In designing mixed-mode surveys it is therefore relevant to evaluate the impact of modes on the size of systematic and random measurement error. A problem in comparing measurement error across survey modes is its entanglement with selection error in field experiments and mixed-mode surveys, also called confounding of measurement and selection effects. Chapters three and four provide methods to estimate differences random and systematic measurement from split-ballot experimental data. The third design objective, finally, concerns the trade-off of selection and measurement error in the total survey error of single- and mixed-mode designs. For example, mixed-mode surveys may decrease selection error, but such decrease may be outweighed by an increase in measurement error. In the absence of true scores to evaluate these errors, it is demonstrated in chapter five how to use single-mode benchmark data (e.g., face-to-face) as substitutes to true scores. Empirical findings suggest that measurement effects were the pre-dominant source of total error difference between survey modes. Mode differences in selection error were generally negligible and the impact of the face-to-face survey on the selection error of the single-mode surveys was very small. The majority of differences lay between the interviewer-administered and self-administered modes. It is discussed that mixtures of interview and non-interviewer modes may lead to increased measurement error of the CVS design.

Understanding the experiences of parents with their child's intervention might help meet the needs of parents and, subsequently get them engaged in their child's intervention. As parents' early beliefs regarding their child's intervention has consequences for treatment participation, it is important to understand these parental perspectives. The aim of this mixed studies review was to give an overview of the experiences and related factors of parents of young children (0-5 years of age) with cerebral palsy in relation to the physical and/or occupational therapy of their child in a rehabilitation setting. The literature was searched systematically for qualitative and quantitative studies published between January 1990 and July 2011. Inclusion criteria were (1) the study population consisted of parents of children with cerebral palsy, with at least 25% of children under the age of five; (2) children had received physical and/or occupational therapy in a rehabilitation setting; and (3) the experiences of the parents with their child's therapy were addressed. Data were synthesized with the framework synthesis method resulting in a conceptual framework describing the factors that are related to the parents' experiences with their child's interventions. A total of 13 studies (eight qualitative and five quantitative) were included and evaluated. Parents expressed various aspects in context, process and outcomes when asked about their experiences with their child's intervention. They had different needs over time and needed time to build a collaborative relationship with their child's therapists. The proposed framework acknowledges the various aspects in context, process and outcomes that parents reported when asked about their experiences. Knowing this, the importance of the broader context of the child in a family should be acknowledged; realizing the impact that the demands of daily life, supports and resources provided to parents, attitudes in the community and culture have on parental experiences.

The use of monetary and non-monetary incentives for increasing response is considered a proven and widely used method in surveys of individuals or households. This applies not only to mail, but also to face-to-face and telephone surveys. Experimental research shows that the technique is also effectively used in non-official surveys of organizational populations, not only to increase unit response rates but also to improve response completeness, response quality and speed and even attitude towards the survey sponsor, without negative influence on bias. Nevertheless the use of incentives is typically not applied in official business surveys. We report the meta-analysis of 34 experimental studies that implemented a monetary or non-monetary incentive in order to increase response rates in an establishment survey. The included studies comprise a variety of survey methods, sample frames, survey topics, research organizations, population types, industries, respondent types, countries, data types, and both voluntary and mandatory surveys. We report the mean effect size of the use of incentives and the mediating effects of the study features based on the meta-analytic method of inverse variance weighted regression using random effects maximum likelihood estimation.

Low public acceptance hinders the successful introduction of biotechnological innovations, such as genetically modified foods or vaccinations against infectious diseases. Earlier studies indicated that a lack of knowledge is not a key barrier to acceptance. This was confirmed in the current study, which examined an integrated theoretical model tested among 579 participants from the Dutch public. The results suggest that communication strategies should instead target attitudes, social norms, and risk perceptions, and appeal to people's tendency (or lack thereof) to be innovative.

Bij dezen plaatsen wij, auteurs van het artikel ‘Ontwikkelingstrajecten in en voorspellers voor het gebruik van seksueel expliciet internetmateriaal’, Kind en Adolescent, 33, 226-238, een rectificatie. Deze rectificatie betreft de uitkomsten van de in het artikel gepresenteerde analyses. Helaas ontdekten wij, nadat het artikel was gepubliceerd, een fout in de geanalyseerde datase

Household income is difficult to measure, since it requires the collection of information about all potential income sources for each member of a household.Weassess the effects of two types of edit check questions on measurement error and survey estimates: within-wave edit checks use responses to questions earlier in the same interview to query apparent inconsistencies in responses; dependent interviewing uses responses from prior interviews to query apparent inconsistencies over time.Weuse data from three waves of the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) to assess the effects of edit checks on estimates, and data from an experimental study carried out in the context of the BHPS, where survey responses were linked to individual administrative records, to assess the effects on measurement error. The findings suggest that interviewing methods without edit checks underestimate non-labour household income in the lower tail of the income distribution. The effects on estimates derived from total household income, such as poverty rates or transition rates into and out of poverty, are small.

The present study investigated whether a conceptual distinction between two components of self-control (inhibitory and initiatory self-control) is empirically valid. To that purpose, a series of confirmative factor analyses were employed in two samples (total N = 577), providing support for a distinction between inhibitory and initiatory self-control. In addition, the predictive validity of the two components of self-control was examined by regression analyses with (un)desired health/academic behavior as dependent variables, showing that inhibitory self-control was a superior predictor of undesired behavior and initiatory self-control a better predictor of desired behavior.

We investigated the extent and nature of multivariate statistical inferential procedures used in eight European psychology journals covering a range of content (i.e., clinical, social, health, personality, organizational, developmental, educational, and cognitive). Multivariate methods included those found in popular texts that focused on prediction, group difference, and advanced modeling: multiple regression, logistic regression, analysis of covariance, multivariate analysis of variance, factor or principal component analysis, structural equation modeling, multilevel modeling, and other methods. Results revealed that an average of 57% of the articles from these eight journals involved multivariate analyses with a third using multiple regression, 17% using structural modeling, and the remaining methods collectively comprising about 50% of the analyses. The most frequently occurring inferential procedures involved prediction weights, dichotomous p values, figures with data, and significance tests with very few articles involving confidence intervals, statistical mediation, longitudinal analyses, power analysis, or meta-analysis. Contributions, limitations and future directions are discussed.