Author: "Laboratoire Phycotoxines" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Laboratoire Phycotoxines"' showing total 105 results

Start Over Author "Laboratoire Phycotoxines"

105 results on '"Laboratoire Phycotoxines"'

1. A community perspective on the concept of marine holobionts: current status, challenges, and future directions

Author: Laura Núñez Pons, Alexey Vorobev, Ezequiel M. Marzinelli, Derek J. Skillings, Ehsan Kayal, François H. Lallier, Enora Briand, Eve Toulza, Tilmann Harder, Paco Cárdenas, Willem Stock, Fabrice Not, José Pintado, Johan Decelle, Marc André Selosse, Claire M. M. Gachon, Jean-Christophe Auguet, Mónica Medina, Sarah M. Griffiths, Damien Eveillard, Ulisse Cardini, Arite Bigalke, Mahasweta Saha, Catherine Leblanc, Soizic Prado, Elena Kazamia, Simon M. Dittami, Shinichi Sunagawa, Aschwin H. Engelen, Enrique Arboleda, Teresa Maria Morganti, Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Uppsala University, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Photosymbiose, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre of Marine Sciences [Faro] (CCMAR), University of Algarve [Portugal], Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Combinatoire et Bioinformatique (COMBI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Scottish Marine Institute, School of Science and the Environment (Manchester Metropolitan University), University of Bremen, Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia, Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering [Singapore] (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], University of Sydney Institute of Marine Science (USIMS), The University of Sydney, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas de Vigo, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research, Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), University of Gdańsk (UG), University of Pennsylvania, University of Ghent, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institute of Microbiology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), CEA / Institut de Biologie François Jacob / Génoscope, 2, Rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Evry cedex, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Combinatoire et Bioinformatique (LS2N - équipe COMBI), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Fédération de recherche de Roscoff (FR2424), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Biodiversity, DIVERSITY, lcsh:Medicine, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, CORAL-REEF FISH, Evolutionsbiologi, Evolution, Symbiosis, Host-microbiota interactions, Marine holobionts, Dysbiosis, SponGES, MICROORGANISMS, Sociology, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, General Neuroscience, Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic: an integrated approach towards their preservation and sustainable exploitation, Environmental resource management, General Medicine, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Holobiont, Engineering ethics, Current (fluid), General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ecology (disciplines), Complex system, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Marine Biology, BACTERIAL INTERACTIONS, Community perspective, ECOLOGY, 010603 evolutionary biology, Microbiology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, PLANT, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Evolutionary Biology, Horizon 2020, business.industry, Experimental model, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:R, ANIMALS, Biology and Life Sciences, Grant Agreement No 679849, MICROBIOME, 13. Climate action, General Biochemistry, European Union (EU), [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], business, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: 34 pages, 4 figures.-- Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0, Host-microbe interactions play crucial roles in marine ecosystems. However, we still have very little understanding of the mechanisms that govern these relationships, the evolutionary processes that shape them, and their ecological consequences. The holobiont concept is a renewed paradigm in biology that can help to describe and understand these complex systems. It posits that a host and its associated microbiota with which it interacts, form a holobiont, and have to be studied together as a coherent biological and functional unit to understand its biology, ecology, and evolution. Here we discuss critical concepts and opportunities in marine holobiont research and identify key challenges in the field. We highlight the potential economic, sociological, and environmental impacts of the holobiont concept in marine biological, evolutionary, and environmental sciences. Given the connectivity and the unexplored biodiversity specific to marine ecosystems, a deeper understanding of such complex systems requires further technological and conceptual advances, e.g., the development of controlled experimental model systems for holobionts from all major lineages and the modeling of (info)chemical-mediated interactions between organisms. Here we propose that one significant challenge is to bridge cross-disciplinary research on tractable model systems in order to address key ecological and evolutionary questions. This first step is crucial to decipher the main drivers of the dynamics and evolution of holobionts and to account for the holobiont concept in applied areas, such as the conservation, management, and exploitation of marine ecosystems and resources, where practical solutions to predict and mitigate the impact of human activities are more important than ever, This paper is based on the results of a foresight workshop funded by the EuroMarine network, Sorbonne University, and the UMRs 8227 and 7144 of the Roscoff Biological Station. Ezequiel M. Marzinelli was funded by an Australian Research Council Discovery Project (DP180104041), and José Pintado Valverde was funded by the Galician Innovation Agency (IN607A 2017/4). The work of Simon M. Dittami ad Catherine Leblanc was funded by the ANR project IDEALG (ANR-10-TBR-04). Claire M.M. Gachon, Catherine Leblanc, and SimonMDittami received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement number 624575 (ALFF). The work of Fabrice Not was funded by the ANR project IMPEKAB (ANR-15-CE02-001). Ulisse Cardini was funded by the Research Council of Lithuania project INBALANCE (09.3.3-LMT-K-712-01-0069). Johan Decelle was supported by the CNRS and the ATIP-Avenir program, the LabEx GRAL (ANR-10-LABX-49-01) and Pôle Dittami et CBS from the University of Grenoble Alpes. Paco Cardenas received support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the SponGES project (grant agreement No. 679849). Elena Kazamia was funded by a Marie Curie Individual Fellowship (Horizon 2020, IRONCOMM). Aschwin H Engelen was supported by Portuguese national funds from FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology through projects UID/Multi/04326/2019 and UIDB/04326/2020
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in estuarine water and sediment

Author: Myriam Bormans, Emilie Lance, Zouher Amzil, Véronique Savar, Benjamin Legrand, Emilien Mineaud, Elise Robert, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'environnement et du Travail, ANSES EST-2015-191, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Cyanobacteria, microcystin, Microcystin, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, estuary, Colonies, Water column, colonies, Microcystis, Phytoplankton, 14. Life underwater, toxic cyanobacteria, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, chemistry.chemical_classification, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Estuary, Sediment, Toxic cyanobacteria, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 6. Clean water, Salinity, sediment, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; While transfer of freshwater cyanobacteria to estuaries has been observed worldwide, the associated transfer of cyanotoxins is less often reported, in particular the sediment contribution. During fall 2018, we monitored the co-occurrence of cyanobacteria and microcystin (MC) in both the water column and in surface sediments at five stations along a river continuum, from a freshwater reservoir to the coastal area in Brittany, France. Cyanobacteria dominated the phytoplankton community in the water column with high densities at the freshwater sites. Microcystis cells and intracellular MC transfer to estuarine and marine sites were observed with decreasing concentrations in accordance with flow dilution. Extracellular MC showed the opposite trend and increased from upstream to downstream in accordance with the lysing of the cells at elevated salinities. Surface sediment samples contained high densities of colonial Microcystis in freshwater and with decreasing concentrations along the salinity gradient, similar to cells concentrations in the water column. Intracellular MC was detected in sediment at all sites except at the marine outlet suggesting the survival of intact cells. Extracellular MC concentrations in sediment were up to five times higher than intracellular concentrations suggesting incomplete MC degradation. mcyB genes were present at all sites, while mcyA genes were absent at the marine outlet suggesting the presence of toxic strains along the estuary. The high densities of intact colonies of potentially toxic Microcystis in the estuarine sediment strongly suggest that sediments can act as an inoculum of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in estuaries.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Salt Shock Responses of Microcystis Revealed through Physiological, Transcript, and Metabolomic Analyses

Author: Maxime Georges des Aulnois, Enora Briand, Elke Dittmann, Amandine M.N. Caruana, Zouher Amzil, Myriam Bormans, Arthur Guljamow, Damien Réveillon, Elise Robert, Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This research was funded by IFREMER and the Regional Council of the Région des Pays de la Loire, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), University of Potsdam, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Microcystis, microcystin, Transcription, Genetic, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, lcsh:Medicine, Fresh Water, Microcystin, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolomics, Microcystis aeruginosa, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, ddc:610, Ecosystem, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, transcript, 030304 developmental biology, salt stress, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Brackish water, Strain (chemistry), Chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:R, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Salinity, Metabolome, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Estuaries, Water Microbiology, Intracellular, Biomarkers, metabolomic
Abstract: The transfer of Microcystis aeruginosa from freshwater to estuaries has been described worldwide and salinity is reported as the main factor controlling the expansion of M. aeruginosa to coastal environments. Analyzing the expression levels of targeted genes and employing both targeted and non-targeted metabolomic approaches, this study investigated the effect of a sudden salt increase on the physiological and metabolic responses of two toxic M. aeruginosa strains separately isolated from fresh and brackish waters, respectively, PCC 7820 and 7806. Supported by differences in gene expressions and metabolic profiles, salt tolerance was found to be strain specific. An increase in salinity decreased the growth of M. aeruginosa with a lesser impact on the brackish strain. The production of intracellular microcystin variants in response to salt stress correlated well to the growth rate for both strains. Furthermore, the release of microcystins into the surrounding medium only occurred at the highest salinity treatment when cell lysis occurred. This study suggests that the physiological responses of M. aeruginosa involve the accumulation of common metabolites but that the intraspecific salt tolerance is based on the accumulation of specific metabolites. While one of these was determined to be sucrose, many others remain to be identified. Taken together, these results provide evidence that M. aeruginosa is relatively salt tolerant in the mesohaline zone and microcystin (MC) release only occurs when the capacity of the cells to deal with salt increase is exceeded.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. COMBINED EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE, IRRADIANCE AND PH ON TELEAULAX AMPHIOXEIA (CRYPTOPHYCEAE) PHYSIOLOGY AND FEEDING RATIO FOR ITS PREDATOR MESODINIUM RUBRUM (CILIOPHORA)

Author: Gaillard, Sylvain, Charrier, Aurélie, Malo, Florent, carpentier, liliane, Bougaran, Gaël, Hegaret, Helene, Réveillon, Damien, Hess, Philipp, Sechet, Véronique, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Physiologie et Biotechnologie des Algues (PBA), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISBlue - Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet (2017), ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Physiologie et biotechnologie des Algues (PBA), Biotechnologies et Ressources Marines (BRM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mesodinium rubrum, Teleaulax amphioxeia, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, ecophysiology, full factorial design, global change, Dinophysis, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; The cryptophyte Teleaulax amphioxeia is a source of plastids for the ciliate Mesodinium rubrum and both organisms are members of the trophic chain of several species of Dinophysis. It is important to better understand the ecology of organisms at the first trophic levels before assessing the impact of principal factors of global change on Dinophysis spp.. Therefore, combined effects of temperature, irradiance and pH on growth rate, photosynthetic activity and pigment content of a temperate strain of T. amphioxeia were studied using a full factorial design (central composite design 23*) in 17 individually controlled bioreactors. The derived model predicted an optimal growth rate of T. amphioxeia at a light intensity of 400 µmol photons · m-2 · s-1, more acidic pH (7.6) than the current average and a temperature of 17.6 °C. An interaction between temperature and irradiance on growth was also found, while pH did not have any significant effect. Subsequently, to investigate potential impacts of prey quality and quantity on the physiology of the predator, M. rubrum was fed two separate prey: predator ratios with cultures of T. amphioxeia previously acclimated at two different light intensities (100 and 400 µmol photons · m-2 · s-1). M. rubrum growth appeared to be significantly dependant on prey quantity while effect of prey quality was not observed. This multi-parametric study indicated a high potential for a significant increase of T. amphioxeia in future climate conditions but to what extent this would lead to increased occurrences of Mesodinium spp. and Dinophysis spp. should be further investigated.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Effect of a short-term salinity stress on the growth, biovolume, toxins, osmolytes and metabolite profiles on three strains of the Dinophysis acuminata-complex (Dinophysis cf. sacculus)

Author: Hélène Hégaret, Véronique Séchet, Liliane Carpentier, Sylvain Gaillard, Charline Danthu, Manoella Sibat, Philipp Hess, Damien Réveillon, Fabienne Hervé, Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques de l'Environnement Côtier (DYNECO), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Okadaic acid, Proline, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, Salt Stress, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glycine betaine, Betaine, Okadaic Acid, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Shellfish Poisoning, DMSP, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Dinoflagellate, Dinophysis acuminata, biology.organism_classification, Dinoflagellates, 6. Clean water, Salinity, Pectenotoxins, Osmolyte, Dinoflagellida, Marine Toxins, Dinophysis
Abstract: International audience; Dinophysis is the main dinoflagellate genus responsible for diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in human consumers of filter feeding bivalves contaminated with lipophilic diarrheic toxins. Species of this genus have a worldwide distribution driven by environmental conditions (temperature, irradiance, salinity, nutrients etc.), and these factors are sensitive to climate change. The D. acuminata-complex may contain several species, including D. sacculus. The latter has been found in estuaries and semi-enclosed areas, water bodies subjected to quick salinity variations and its natural repartition suggests some tolerance to salinity changes. However, the response of strains of D. acuminata-complex (D. cf. sacculus) subjected to salinity stress and the underlying mechanisms have never been studied in the laboratory. Here, a 24 h hypoosmotic (25) and hyperosmotic (42) stress was performed in vitro in a metabolomic study carried out with three cultivated strains of D. cf. sacculus isolated from the French Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. Growth rate, biovolume and osmolyte (proline, glycine betaine and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP)) and toxin contents were measured. Osmolyte contents were higher at the highest salinity, but only a significant increase in glycine betaine was observed between the control (35) and the hyperosmotic treatment. Metabolomics revealed significant and strain-dependent differences in metabolite profiles for different salinities. These results, as well as the absence of effects on growth rate, biovolume, okadaic acid (OA) and pectenotoxin (PTXs) cellular contents, suggest that the D. cf. sacculus strains studied are highly tolerant to salinity variations.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Intraspecific Variability in the Toxin Production and Toxin Profiles of in vitro Cultures of Gambierdiscus polynesiensis (Dinophyceae) from French Polynesia

Author: Manoella Sibat, Jérôme Viallon, Mireille Chinain, Philipp Hess, Sébastien Longo, Hélène Taiana Darius, Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ciguatera, Ciguatoxin, toxin profiles, Cell Survival, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Zoology, [SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Intraspecific competition, Article, Polynesia, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, Species Specificity, CBA-N2a, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Gambierdiscus polynesiensis, Animals, 14. Life underwater, LC-MS/MS, 030304 developmental biology, Toxins, Biological, ciguatera, 0303 health sciences, gambierone, biology, Strain (chemistry), 44-methylgambierone, Toxin, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, ciguatoxins, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Dinoflagellida, Ciguatera Poisoning, Dinophyceae
Abstract: Ciguatera poisoning (CP) is a foodborne disease caused by the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs) produced by dinoflagellates in the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. The toxin production and toxin profiles were explored in four clones of G. polynesiensis originating from different islands in French Polynesia with contrasted CP risk: RIK7 (Mangareva, Gambier), NHA4 (Nuku Hiva, Marquesas), RAI-1 (Raivavae, Australes), and RG92 (Rangiroa, Tuamotu). Productions of CTXs, maitotoxins (MTXs), and gambierone group analogs were examined at exponential and stationary growth phases using the neuroblastoma cell-based assay and liquid chromatography&ndash, tandem mass spectrometry. While none of the strains was found to produce known MTX compounds, all strains showed high overall P-CTX production ranging from 1.1 &plusmn, 0.1 to 4.6 &plusmn, 0.7 pg cell&minus, 1. In total, nine P-CTX analogs were detected, depending on strain and growth phase. The production of gambierone, as well as 44-methylgamberione, was also confirmed in G. polynesiensis. This study highlighted: (i) intraspecific variations in toxin production and profiles between clones from distinct geographic origins and (ii) the noticeable increase in toxin production of both CTXs, in particular CTX4A/B, and gambierone group analogs from the exponential to the stationary phase.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Effects of copper and butyltin compounds on the growth, photosynthetic activity and toxin production of two HAB dinoflagellates: The planktonic Alexandrium catenella and the benthic Ostreopsis cf. ovata

Author: Zouher Amzil, Françoise Elbaz Poulichet, Chrystelle Bancon-Montigny, Olivier Pringault, M'Rabet Charaf, Douglas Couet, Sophie Delpoux, BenGharbia Hela, Ons Kéfi-Daly Yahia, Georges Augustin Rovillon, Mohamed Laabir, Fabienne Hervé, Nicolas Briant, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Phytoxins laboratory, Nantes, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Alexandrium catenella, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Photosynthesis, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Algal bloom, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Phytoplankton, medicine, Microalgae, Organotin Compounds, Toxins, 14. Life underwater, Biomass, Cu, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, EC50, biology, Chemistry, Toxin, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Plankton, Butyltin, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Environmental chemistry, Dinoflagellida, Marine Toxins, Ostreopsis cf. ovata, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Copper, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract: International audience; Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to test the effects of copper (Cu2+) and butyltins (BuT) on the growth, photosynthetic activity and toxin content of two HABs (Harmful Algal Blooms) dinoflagellates, the planktonic Alexandrium catenella and the benthic Ostreopsis cf. ovata. Microalgae were exposed to increasing concentrations of Cu2+ (10(-4) to 31 nM) or BuT (0.084 to 84 nM) for seven days. When considering the growth, EC50 values were 0.16 (+/- 0.09) nM and 0.03 (+/- 0.02) nM of Cu2+ for A. catenella and O. cf. ovata, respectively. Regarding BuT, EC50 was 14.2 (+/- 6) nM for O. cf. ovata, while A. catenella growth inhibition appeared at BuT concentrations \textgreater= 27 nM. Photosynthetic activity of the studied dinoflagellates decreased with increasing Cu and BuT concentrations. For O. cf. ovata, the response of this physiological parameter to contamination was less sensitive than the biomass. Cu exposure induced the formation of temporary cysts in both organisms that could resist adverse conditions. The ovatoxin-a and-b concentrations in O. cf. ovata cells increased significantly in the presence of Cu. Altogether, the results suggest a better tolerance of the planktonic A. catenella to Cu and BuT. This could result in a differentiated selection pressure exerted by these metals on phytoplankton species in highly polluted waters. The over-production of toxins in response to Cu stress could pose supplementary health and socio-economic threats in the contaminated marine ecosystems where HABs develop.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Transfer and fate of toxic cyanobacteria from the freshwater to the marine environment

Author: Aulnois, Maxime Georges Des, Caruana, A., Bormans, Myriam, Amzil, Zouher, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Briand, Valerie
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2017

9. Chemically mediated interactions between Microcystis and Planktothrix: Impact on their physiology and metabolic profiles

Author: Briand, Enora, Reubrech Sébastien, Florence Mondeguer, manoella Sibat-dubois, Philipp Hess, Amzil, Zouher, Bormans Myriam, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Briand, Valerie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), and Laboratoire Phycotoxines
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Freshwater cyanobacteria are well known for their ability to produce a wide variety of bioactive compounds, some of which have been described as allelochemicals. There is growing evidence that these secondary metabolites play an important role in shaping community composition through biotic interactions; however, for the most part, their biological role and mode of regulation of the production are poorly understood. In temperate eutrophic freshwaters, Microcystis and Planktothrix often co-occur, with Planktothrix being an early colonizer and Microcystis appearing subsequently. We tested if the production of a range of peptides by co-existing species could be regulated through interspecific interactions. Using a combined approach of co-cultures and analyses of metabolic profiles, we investigated chemically mediated interactions between two cyanobacteria, M. aeruginosa and P. agardhii. More precisely, we evaluated changes in growth, morphology and metabolites production and release by both interacting species. Interestingly, culturing Microcystis cells with Planktothrix resulted in a reduction of the growth of Planktothrix together with a decrease of its filament size and alterations in the morphology of its cells. However, the production of specific intracellular compounds by Planktothrix was not different between mono and co-culture conditions. Concerning Microcystis, the number of specific intracellular compounds was higher under co-culture condition than under monoculture. In general, Microcystis produced a lower number of intracellular compounds under monoculture than Planktothrix, and a higher number of compounds than Planktothrix under co-culture condition. Our investigation did not allow us to identify specifically the compounds involved in the observed physiological and morphological changes of Planktothrix cells. However, altogether, these results suggest that specific compounds produced by Microcystis in the presence of Planktothrix have been specifically produced as potential allelochemicals., La succession des espèces phytoplanctoniques est conditionnée par des facteurs abiotiques et biotiques, dont la limitation des nutriments et la prédation, ainsi que la compétition entre espèces phytoplanctoniques. Ce dernier facteur comprend un processus actif impliquant la synthèse et la libération de composés bioactifs organiques qui interfèrent directement avec les espèces concurrentes et que l’on classe comme allélochimiques. Les mécanismes d'action allélochimique décrits pour le phytoplancton sont l'inhibition de la photosynthèse, l'inhibition enzymatique, la paralysie cellulaire, l'inhibition de la synthèse des acides nucléiques et la production réactive d'espèces oxygénées. Les cyanobactéries sont bien connues pour leur capacité à produire une grande variété de métabolites secondaires, dont certains ont été décrits comme des substances allélochimiques. Dans cette étude nous avons étudié les interactions entre deux genres de cyanobactéries, Microcystis aeruginosa et Planktothrix agardhii, qui peuvent cohabiter dans les mêmes écosystèmes aquatiques par l’utilisation d’une approche combinée de co-culture et d’analyse des profils métabolomiques. Alors qu’aucune différence significative n’a été observée dans les taux de croissance et les paramètres physiologiques des deux espèces en monoculture, il est apparu qu’en condition de co-culture, Microcystis dominait Planktothrix. Cette interaction interspécifique s’est également traduite par une diminution de la taille des filaments et une déformation morphologique des cellules de Planktothrix. De plus, l’analyse des profils métabolomiques nous a permis de mettre en évidence que Microcystis produisait un plus grand nombre de métabolites secondaires que Planktothrix. L’ensemble de ces résultats suggèrent un effet allélopathique de la présence de Microcystis sur la croissance et la morphologie de Planktothrix.
Published: 2017

10. Interest of bivalves for the biosurvey of environmental contamination by cyanobacterial toxins

Author: Emilie Lance, Zouher Amzil, Lepoutre, A., Luc Brient, Myriam Bormans, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), and Briand, Valerie
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2017

11. Toxicity and Growth Assessments of Three Thermophilic Benthic Dinoflagellates (Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Prorocentrum lima and Coolia monotis) Developing in the Southern Mediterranean Basin

Author: Manoella Sibat, Mohamed Laabir, Nicolas Chomérat, Ons Kéfi-Daly Yahia, Eric Abadie, Estelle Masseret, Hela Ben-Gharbia, Zouher Amzil, Habiba Zmerli Triki, Habiba Nouri, Institut National Agronomique de Tunis (TUNISIE), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressource de Bretagne Occidentale (LERBO), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD [Tunisie]), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressource de Bretagne Occidentale (LER-BO), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Tunisia, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, growth, lcsh:Medicine, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, Toxicology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, DNA, Ribosomal, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, [SDV.MP.PRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Protistology, Article, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cnidarian Venoms, Mediterranean sea, Prorocentrum lima, Coolia monotis, Okadaic Acid, Botany, parasitic diseases, Mediterranean Sea, Temperate climate, Water Pollutants, 14. Life underwater, Phylogeny, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Pyrans, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Acrylamides, Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Southern Mediterranean Sea, toxicity, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:R, chemistry, Benthic zone, Dinoflagellida, Marine Toxins, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Yessotoxin, Bay, Marine toxin, geographic locations, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Harmful benthic dinoflagellates, usually developing in tropical areas, are expanding to temperate ecosystems facing water warming. Reports on harmful benthic species are particularly scarce in the Southern Mediterranean Sea. For the first time, three thermophilic benthic dinoflagellates (Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Prorocentrum lima and Coolia monotis) were isolated from Bizerte Bay (Tunisia, Mediterranean) and monoclonal cultures established. The ribotyping confirmed the morphological identification of the three species. Maximum growth rates were 0.59 ± 0.08 d−1 for O. cf. ovata, 0.35 ± 0.01 d−1 for C. monotis and 0.33 ± 0.04 d−1 for P. lima. Toxin analyses revealed the presence of ovatoxin-a and ovatoxin-b in O. cf. ovata cells. Okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-1 were detected in P. lima cultures. For C. monotis, a chromatographic peak at 5.6 min with a mass m/z = 1061.768 was observed, but did not correspond to a mono-sulfated analogue of the yessotoxin. A comparison of the toxicity and growth characteristics of these dinoflagellates, distributed worldwide, is proposed.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Differentiation of gonyautoxins by ion mobility - mass spectrometry; a cationization study

Author: Julien Enche, Corinne Loutelier-Bourhis, Carlos Afonso, Salomé Poyer, Vincent Tognetti, Philipp Hess, Florence Mondeguer, Anne Bossée, Laurent Joubert, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DGA maîtrise NRBC, Délégation Générale pour l'Armement, Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: Resolution (mass spectrometry), Chemistry, Ion-mobility spectrometry, Ion mobility, 010401 analytical chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Diastereomer, Alkali adduct, 010402 general chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Alkali metal, Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Ion, Adduct, Collision cross-section, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Density functional theory, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Instrumentation, Spectroscopy, Gonyautoxin
Abstract: Gonyautoxins are potent natural neurotoxic analogues of saxitoxin. Due to their biological activity and submilligram lethal dose for man, fast and efficient methods are required for their characterization. Recent advances in ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) showed that differentiation of isomers could be achieved using specific experimental conditions involving particular buffer gases as well as cationic species. In this work, IM-MS experiments were carried out using alkali metal ions (Met = Li+, Na+ or K+) and different buffer gases (N2, N2O and CO2) to improve the differentiation of gonyautoxin isomers. The separation of [GTX + Met]+ ion was achieved for GTX2/3 and GTX1/4 from their Na or K adducts. For dcGTX2/3, the ion mobility separation can only be obtained with peak to peak resolution (Rp-p) close to 1 from the [GTXs + Met − H2O]+ species. To understand the gas phase conformation of the different diastereomers, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed. IM separation, and collision cross sections on [GTXs + Met]+ and [GTXs + Met − H2O]+ are reported for the first time.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Exposure to the Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Producer Alexandrium catenella Increases the Susceptibility of the Oyster Crassostrea gigas to Pathogenic Vibrios

Author: Zouher Amzil, Véronique Savar, Eric Abadie, Carmen Lopez-Joven, Jean-Luc Rolland, Mohamed Laabir, Célina Abi-Khalil, Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Oyster, Alexandrium catenella, animal structures, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Neurotoxins, lcsh:Medicine, interaction, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, harmful algae, 14. Life underwater, paralytic shellfish toxin, Crassostrea, Shellfish, Vibrio, environment, pathogens, defense, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:R, fungi, Dinoflagellate, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Shellfish poisoning, 030104 developmental biology, Alexandrium tamarense, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Dinoflagellida, Marine Toxins, Marine toxin
Abstract: International audience; The multifactorial etiology of massive Crassostrea gigas summer mortalities results from complex interactions between oysters, opportunistic pathogens and environmental factors. In a field survey conducted in 2014 in the Mediterranean Thau Lagoon (France), we evidenced that the development of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella, which produces paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), was concomitant with the accumulation of PSTs in oyster flesh and the occurrence of C. gigas mortalities. In order to investigate the possible role of toxic algae in this complex disease, we experimentally infected C. gigas oyster juveniles with Vibrio tasmaniensis strain LGP32, a strain associated with oyster summer mortalities, after oysters were exposed to Alexandrium catenella. Exposure of oysters to A. catenella significantly increased the susceptibility of oysters to V. tasmaniensis LGP32. On the contrary, exposure to the non-toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense or to the haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea used as a foraging alga did not increase susceptibility to V. tasmaniensis LGP32. This study shows for the first time that A. catenella increases the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to pathogenic vibrios. Therefore, in addition to complex environmental factors explaining the mass mortalities of bivalve mollusks, feeding on neurotoxic dinoflagellates should now be considered as an environmental factor that potentially increases the severity of oyster mortality events.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. High resolution mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis and untargeted screening of algal toxins in mussels and passive samplers

Author: Manoella Sibat, Pearse McCarron, Zouher Amzil, Christine Herrenknecht, Philipp Hess, Richard B. Cole, Zita Zendong, Institute for Marine Biosciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Phytoxins laboratory, Nantes, Chimie Structurale Organique et Biologique (CSOB), Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Matrix effects, Monitoring, Ion suppression in liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, Orbitrap, Mass spectrometry, Tandem mass spectrometry, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, Matrix (chemical analysis), chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Animals, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Shellfish, Chromatography, Organic Chemistry, Domoic acid, General Medicine, Reference Standards, Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, Bivalvia, Passive sampling, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Marine toxins, Marine toxin, SPATT, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: Measurement of marine algal toxins has traditionally focussed on shellfish monitoring while, over the last decade, passive sampling has been introduced as a complementary tool for exploratory studies. Since 2011, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been adopted as the EU reference method (No.15/2011) for detection and quantitation of lipophilic toxins. Traditional LC-MS approaches have been based on low-resolution mass spectrometry (LRMS), however, advances in instrument platforms have led to a heightened interest in the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for toxin detection. This work describes the use of HRMS in combination with passive sampling as a progressive approach to marine algal toxin surveys. Experiments focused on comparison of LRMS and HRMS for determination of a broad range of toxins in shellfish and passive samplers. Matrix effects are an important issue to address in LC-MS; therefore, this phenomenon was evaluated for mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and passive samplers using LRMS (triple quadrupole) and HRMS (quadrupole time-of-flight and Orbitrap) instruments. Matrix-matched calibration solutions containing okadaic acid and dinophysistoxins, pectenotoxin, azaspiracids, yessotoxins, domoic acid, pinnatoxins, gymnodimine A and 13-desmethyl spirolide C were prepared. Similar matrix effects were observed on all instruments types. Most notably, there was ion enhancement for pectenotoxins, okadaic acid/dinophysistoxins on one hand, and ion suppression for yessotoxins on the other. Interestingly, the ion selected for quantitation of PTX2 also influenced the magnitude of matrix effects, with the sodium adduct typically exhibiting less susceptibility to matrix effects than the ammonium adduct. As expected, mussel as a biological matrix, quantitatively produced significantly more matrix effects than passive sampler extracts, irrespective of toxin. Sample dilution was demonstrated as an effective measure to reduce matrix effects for all compounds, and was found to be particularly useful for the non-targeted approach. Limits of detection and method accuracy were comparable between the systems tested, demonstrating the applicability of HRMS as an effective tool for screening and quantitative analysis. HRMS offers the advantage of untargeted analysis, meaning that datasets can be retrospectively analysed. HRMS (full scan) chromatograms of passive samplers yielded significantly less complex data sets than mussels, and were thus more easily screened for unknowns. Consequently, we recommend the use of HRMS in combination with passive sampling for studies investigating emerging or hitherto uncharacterised toxins.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Beta-N-Methylamino-L-Alanine: LC-MS/MS Optimization, Screening of Cyanobacterial Strains and Occurrence in Shellfish from Thau, a French Mediterranean Lagoon

Author: Zouher Amzil, Véronique Séchet, Damien Réveillon, Eric Abadie, Philipp Hess, Michele Bardouil, Véronique Savar, Luc Brient, Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Languedoc Roussillon (LERLR), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Projet RISALTOX de l'IFREMER, Conseil Régional Pays de la Loire, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Resources-Languedoc Roussillon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Cyanobacteria, Resolution (mass spectrometry), BMAA, Pharmaceutical Science, French Mediterranean, Tandem mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Sensitivity and Specificity, cyanobacteria, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, HILIC-MS/MS, Dry weight, cyanotoxins, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Drug Discovery, Mediterranean Sea, Animals, DAB, 14. Life underwater, Solid phase extraction, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), lcsh:QH301-705.5, Shellfish, AEG, 030304 developmental biology, bivalve mollusks, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Chromatography, biology, Cyanobacteria Toxins, Hydrophilic interaction chromatography, 010401 analytical chemistry, Solid Phase Extraction, Amino Acids, Diamino, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, Amino acid, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), Mollusca, Environmental chemistry, France, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: International audience; β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is a neurotoxic non-protein amino acid suggested to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases. It was reported to be produced by cyanobacteria, but also found in edible aquatic organisms, thus raising concern of a widespread human exposure. However, the chemical analysis of BMAA and its isomers are controversial, mainly due to the lack of selectivity of the analytical methods. Using factorial design, we have optimized the chromatographic separation of underivatized analogues by a hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method. A combination of an effective solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up, appropriate chromatographic resolution and the use of specific mass spectral transitions allowed for the development of a highly selective and sensitive analytical procedure to identify and quantify BMAA and its isomers (in both free and total form) in cyanobacteria and mollusk matrices (LOQ of 0.225 and 0.15 μg/g dry weight, respectively). Ten species of cyanobacteria (six are reported to be BMAA producers) were screened with this method, and neither free nor bound BMAA could be found, while both free and bound DAB were present in almost all samples. Mussels and oysters collected in 2009 in the Thau Lagoon, France, were also screened, and bound BMAA and its two isomers, DAB and AEG, were observed in all samples (from 0.6 to 14.4 μg/g DW), while only several samples contained quantifiable free BMAA.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Ovatoxin-a and Palytoxin Accumulation in Seafood in Relation to Ostreopsis cf. ovata Blooms on the French Mediterranean Coast

Author: Nicolas Chomérat, Manoella Sibat, Hubert Grossel, Rodolphe Lemée, Francoise Marco-Miralles, Véronique Séchet, Elisabeth Nézan, Zouher Amzil, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), IFREMER-Concarneau, Laboratoire Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Morbihan Pays de Loire (LER/MPL), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressource Bretagne Nord (LERBN), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Morbihan Pays de Loire (LERMPL), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pharmaceutical Science, 01 natural sciences, Foodborne Diseases, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mediterranean sea, Limit of Detection, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Palytoxin, Drug Discovery, seafood, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, Shellfish poisoning, palytoxin, Bioaccumulation, Dinoflagellida, Ostreopsis cf. ovata, France, Seasons, Environmental Monitoring, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Harmful Algal Bloom, Food Contamination, Biology, Algal bloom, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cnidarian Venoms, Species Specificity, Mediterranean Sea, medicine, Animals, Shellfish Poisoning, 14. Life underwater, LC-MS/MS, Shellfish, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 030304 developmental biology, Acrylamides, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, medicine.disease, Bivalvia, biology.organism_classification, Fishery, lcsh:Biology (General), chemistry, Sea Urchins, Marine Toxins, ovatoxin-a, Marine toxin
Abstract: International audience; Dinoflagellates of the genus Ostreopsis are known to cause (often fatal) food poisoning in tropical coastal areas following the accumulation of palytoxin (PLTX) and/or its analogues (PLTX group) in crabs, sea urchins or fish. Ostreopsis spp. occurrence is presently increasing in the northern to north western Mediterranean Sea (Italy, Spain, Greece and France), probably in response to climate change. In France, Ostreopsis. cf. ovata has been associated with toxic events during summer 2006, at Morgiret, off the coast of Marseille, and a specific monitoring has been designed and implemented since 2007. Results from 2008 and 2009 showed that there is a real danger of human poisoning, as these demonstrated bioaccumulation of the PLTX group (PLTX and ovatoxin-a) in both filter-feeding bivalve molluscs (mussels) and herbivorous echinoderms (sea urchins). The total content accumulated in urchins reached 450 mu g PLTX eq/kg total flesh (summer 2008). In mussels, the maximum was 230 mu g eq PLTX/kg (summer 2009) compared with a maximum of 360 mu g found in sea urchins during the same period at the same site. This publication brings together scientific knowledge obtained about the summer development of Ostreopsis spp. in France during 2007, 2008 and 2009.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Ostreopsis cf. ovata in the French Mediterranean coast: molecular characterisation and toxin profile

Author: Nicolas Ganzin, Véronique Séchet, Francoise Marco-Miralles, Zouher Amzil, Nicolas Chomérat, Hubert Grossel, Rodolphe Lemée, Thierry Jauffrais, Jean-Brieuc Lehebel-Peron, Elisabeth Nézan, Manoella Sibat, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), IFREMER-Concarneau, Laboratoire Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Morbihan Pays de Loire (LER/MPL), Physiologie et biotechnologie des Algues (PBA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressource Bretagne Nord (LERBN), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Morbihan Pays de Loire (LERMPL), Biotechnologies et Ressources Marines (BRM), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mediterranean sea, Palytoxin, Genus, medicine, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Toxin, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Dinoflagellate, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Benthic zone, Bay
Abstract: The presence of dinoflagellates of the genus Ostreopsis along Mediterranean coasts was first observed in 1972, in the bay of Villefranche-sur-Mer. However, over the past ten years, harmful events related to this benthic dinoflagellate have been reported in Italian, Spanish, Greek, French, Tunisian and Algerian coastal areas. In France, during a hot period in August 2006, cases of dermatitis and respiratory problems were registered in Marseille area. At that time, a link to the proliferation of Ostreopsis was highlighted for the first time in that area. A specific monitoring was designed and implemented in the summer 2007. Two strains of Ostreopsis cf. ovata, collected in 2008 from Villefranche-sur-Mer and Morgiret coastal waters and grown in culture, were identified by molecular analysis and studied to characterise their growth and toxin profile. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) indicated that both strains produced ovatoxin-a (OVTX-a) as the major component (ca. 90%), and traces of palytoxin (PLTX). Toxin content was determined at the end of the exponential growth phase with highest concentration of 55 pg.cell(-1) of OVTX-a and 2.5 pg.cell(-1) of PLTX.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Relationship between valve activity, microalgae concentration in the water and toxin accumulation in the digestive gland of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to Alexandrium minutum

Author: Véronique Savar, Hansy Haberkorn, Damien Tran, Jean-Charles Massabuau, Pierre Ciret, Philippe Soudant, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Oyster, Harmful Algal Bloom, Behavioral responses, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Oysters, Animal science, Algae, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Harmful algae, Algae concentration, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Crassostrea, Paralytic shellfish poisoning, Mollusca, 030304 developmental biology, Toxin accumulation, 0303 health sciences, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Pacific oyster, Bivalvia, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Pollution, Ostreidae, Dinoflagellida, Marine Toxins, Digestive System, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: The complexity of the relationships between Alexandrium minutum (Am.) concentration in the water ([A.m.](w)), Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning contamination in the digestive gland ([PSP](dg)) and valve behavior was explored in oysters Crassostrea gigas. Two experiments were conducted, during which oysters' valve behaviour were analyzed. Oysters, first acclimated for 10-days with the non harmful microalgae Heterocapsa triquetra (H.t.), were exposed to four microalgae mixtures at constant total concentrations of 10 x 10(3) cells ml(-1) (experiment-1) and 5 x 10(3) cells ml(-1) (experiment-2): 100% Am.; 50% A.m.-50% H.t.; 25% A.m.-75% H.t.; 100% H.t. At the end of experiment-2, [PSP](dg) were measured. At 10 x 103 cells ml(-1), the microalgal ingestion decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing [A.m.](w) but not at 5 x 10(3) cells ml(-1) (p > 0.05). The frequency of microclosures specifically increased with [A.m.](w) (p < 0.05) and the opening duration with [PSP](dg) (p < 0.0001). Oysters exhibiting the maximum increase in opening duration also exhibited the highest [PSP](dg). The results are discussed in terms of oyster physiology and origin of the behavioral response. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Contamination des mollusques bivalves par des phycotoxines : interactions entre niveaux de toxicité et réponses physiologiques

Author: Lassus, Patrick, Soudant, Philippe, Massabuau, Jean-Charles, Bardouil, Michèle, Baron, Régis, Guéguen, Marielle, Haberkorn, Hansy, Lambert, Christophe, Le Goïc, Nelly, Marcaillou, Claire, Tran, Damien, Truquet, Philippe, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Science et Technologie de la Biomasse Marine (STBM), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Biotechnologies et Ressources Marines (BRM), and Lambert, Christophe
Subjects: [SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology
Abstract: National audience; Résumé non disponible
Published: 2011

20. Effects of Alexandrium minutum exposure on nutrition-related processes and reproductive output in oysters Crassostrea gigas

Author: Nelly Le Goïc, Marc Suquet, Jeanne Moal, Philippe Soudant, Inke Sunila, Marielle Guéguen, Hansy Haberkorn, Christophe Lambert, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Bureau of Aquaculture, bureau of aquaculture, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Phycotoxines
Subjects: Reproductive output, 0106 biological sciences, Oyster, animal structures, Alexandrium minutum, Zoology, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, Botany, medicine, Harmful algae, Nutrition-related processes, 14. Life underwater, Paralytic shellfish poisoning, Mollusca, Shellfish, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, food and beverages, Pacific oyster, biology.organism_classification, Bivalvia, medicine.disease, equipment and supplies, Ostreidae, Crassostrea, bacteria, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: This study assessed the effects of an artificial bloom of the toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Alexandrium minutum, upon nutrition related processes and reproductive output of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed to A. minutum, Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PST) producer and compared to a control batch of oysters fed Isochrysis galbana clone Tahitian (T.Iso). The experiment was performed in June 2008, when oysters were found ripe. Several physiological variables of oysters, such as PSTs accumulation, digestive gland and histological observations as well as spermatozoa quality, were measured at the end of the exposure. Results indicate that the digestive gland was greatly impacted upon A. minutum exposure. Monoacylglycerol and diacylglycerol contents as well as phospholipids (mainly phosphatidylcholine) drastically decreased in the digestive gland of oysters exposed to A. minutum compared to control oysters. At the same time, many oysters exposed to the harmful microalga presented a strong inflammatory response in different tissues of the digestive gland: in intestine as well as in digestive ducts and tubules. Spermatozoa in oysters exposed to A. minutum were morphologically and functionally modified compared to spermatozoa of control oysters. Indeed, spermatozoa were less motile and had lower ATP content in oysters exposed to A. minutum. Meanwhile, spermatozoa produced by control oysters showed higher percentage of mortality and relative DNA content than those produced by A. minutum exposed oysters. Finally, the characteristics of the mitochondria of spermatozoa also appeared to be modified upon A. minutum exposure. The results of this study suggests that an exposure of oysters to A. minutum, reducing energy status and motility of spermatozoa associated to morphological changes at the cellular and sub-cellular levels, can have consequences on spermatozoa fertility and reproduction success. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Effects of Alexandrium minutum exposure upon physiological and hematological variables of diploid and triploid oysters, Crassostrea gigas

Author: Jeanne Moal, Christophe Lambert, Marielle Guéguen, Philippe Soudant, Patrick Lassus, Hansy Haberkorn, Nelly Le Goïc, Elena Palacios, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste [Mexico] (CONACYT-CIBNOR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Oyster, Hemocytes, Physiology, Alexandrium minutum, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 01 natural sciences, Oysters, Ploidy, Isochrysis, Mollusca, Cell Aggregation, harmful algal bloom, 0303 health sciences, biology, Monophenol Monooxygenase, ploidy, food and beverages, Pacific oyster, Dinoflagellida, Crassostrea, Seasons, animal structures, Zoology, PST accumulation, Aquatic Science, 03 medical and health sciences, Phagocytosis, biology.animal, Botany, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Shellfish, 030304 developmental biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Bivalvia, biology.organism_classification, equipment and supplies, Ostreidae, Seafood, Harmful-algal bloom, physiology, bacteria, Marine Toxins, oysters, Reactive Oxygen Species, Digestive System, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: The effects of an artificial bloom of the toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Alexandrium minutum, upon physiological parameters of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, were assessed. Diploid and triploid oysters were exposed to cultured A. minutum and compared to control diploid and triploid oysters fed T. Isochrysis. Experiments were repeated twice, in April and mid-May 2007, to investigate effects of maturation stage on oyster responses to A. minutum exposure. Oyster maturation stage, Paralytic Shellfish Toxin (PST) accumulation, as well as several digestive gland and hematological variables, were assessed at the ends of the exposures. In both experiments, triploid oysters accumulated more PSTs (approximately twice) than diploid oysters. Significant differences, in terms of phenoloxidase activity (PO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of hemocytes, were observed between A. minutum-exposed and non-exposed oysters. PO in hemocytes was lower in oysters exposed to A. minutum than in control oysters in an early maturation stage (diploids and triploids in April experiment and triploids in May experiment), but this contrast was reversed in ripe oysters (diploids in May experiment). In the April experiment, granulocytes of oysters exposed to A. minutum produced more ROS than those of control oysters; however, in the May experiment, ROS production of granulocytes was lower in A. minutum-exposed oysters. Moreover, significant decreases in free fatty acid, monoacylglycerol, and diacylglycerol contents in digestive glands of oysters exposed to A. minutum were observed. Concurrently, the ratio of reserve lipids (triacylglycerol, ether glycerides and sterol esters) to structural lipids (sterols) decreased upon A. minutum exposure in both experiments. Also, several physiological responses to A. minutum exposure appeared to be modulated by maturation stage as well as ploidy of the oysters. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Metabolomics based on UHPLC-QToF- and APGC-QToF-MS reveals metabolic pathways reprogramming in response to tidal cycles in the sub-littoral species Mimachlamys varia exposed to aerial emergence

Author: Emmanuel Dubillot, Marine Breitwieser, Marianne Graber, Florence Mondeguer, Pascaline Ory, Antoine Bonnet, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Arts : Pratiques et Poétiques (APP), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and CPER Econat, INCREASE federation of green chemistry
Subjects: Gills, Anaerobic, 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Physiology, Sentinel species, Zoology, Intertidal zone, APGC-QToF mass spectrometry, Intertidal, Biology, PLS-DA, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Anaerobic APGC-QToF mass spectrometry Hypoxia Intertidal LC-QToF mass spectrometry Metabolomics Mimachlamys varia PLS-DA, 03 medical and health sciences, Mediterranean sea, Metabolomics, Carnitine, Biomonitoring, Water Movements, Genetics, Littoral zone, Animals, Anaerobiosis, 14. Life underwater, Hypoxia, Molecular Biology, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, 030304 developmental biology, Pollutant, 0303 health sciences, Superoxide Dismutase, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Aerobiosis, Mimachlamys varia, Oxidative Stress, Pectinidae, 13. Climate action, LC-QToF mass spectrometry, Anaerobic exercise, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Mimachlamys varia is a sub-littoral bivalve encountered from Norway to the Mediterranean Sea, which lives mostly byssally attached to rocks. During the low tide period, M. varia individuals, located highest on the shore, may experience short time of aerial exposure and face a low availability of oxygen. Here we report a comparative metabolomic profiling of gill samples of M. varia obtained by both LC-QToF and APGC-QToF mass spectrometry, to analyze metabolic changes occurring during emersion in comparison with immersion. Scallops were grown in aquaria with a simulated intertidal environment mimicking short-duration air exposure that they might experience during extreme tides: alternating 2 h emersion and 10 h immersion. Our results show a switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism after only 2 h of emersion, with the resort to different pathways: glucose-lactate, glucose-succinate and aspartate-succinate pathways. Furthermore, carnitine-conjugated metabolites were found to accumulate during emersion, as well as urate. The level of tyrosine on the contrary was found to decrease. These findings indicate a complex metabolic reprogramming that occurs after a two hour emersion period and upon re-immersion. Furthermore, M. varia is used as sentinel species in pollution biomonitoring, through the assay of biomarkers to evaluate the effects of pollutants. Here we show that emersion induces a significant decrease of superoxide dismutase activity, an enzyme developed by bivalves to face oxidative stress and used as biomarker. These findings have to be taken into account to normalize sampling during campaigns of environmental monitoring, by taking in situ, as far as possible only immersed individuals.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Characterization of maitotoxin‐4 (MTX4) using electrospray positive mode ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry and UV spectroscopy

Author: Manoella Sibat, Philipp Hess, Toshiyuki Suzuki, Ryuichi Watanabe, Francesco Pisapia, Christine Herrenknecht, Catherine Roullier, Phytoxins laboratory, Nantes, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), and Laboratoire Phycotoxines
Subjects: Electrospray, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Ion, Adduct, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Molecule, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Maitotoxin, Chromatography, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Oxocins, 0104 chemical sciences, Dinoflagellida, Marine Toxins, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: RATIONALE The dinoflagellate genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa are producers of toxins responsible for Ciguatera Poisoning (CP). Although having very low oral potency, maitotoxins (MTXs) are very toxic following intraperitoneal injection and feeding studies have shown they may accumulate in fish muscle. To date, six MTX congeners have been described but two congeners (MTX2 and MTX4) have not yet been structurally elucidated. The aim of the present study was to further characterize MTX4. METHODS Chemical analysis was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to a diode-array detector (DAD) and positive ion mode high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) on partially purified extracts of G. excentricus (strain VGO792). HRMS/MS studies were also carried out to tentatively explain the fragmentation pathways of MTX and MTX4. RESULTS The comparison of UV and HRMS (ESI+ ) spectra between MTX and MTX4 led us to propose the elemental formula of MTX4 (C157 H241 NO68 S2 , as the unsalted molecule). The comparison of the theoretical and measured m/z values of the doubly charged ions of the isotopic profile in ESI+ were coherent with the proposed elemental formula of MTX4. The study of HRMS/MS spectra on the tri-ammoniated adduct ([M - H + 3NH4 ]2+ ) of both molecules gave additional information about structural features. The cleavage observed, probably located at C99 -C100 in both MTX and MTX4, highlighted the same A-side product ion shared by the two molecules. CONCLUSIONS All these investigations on the characterization of MTX4 contribute to highlighting that MTX4 belongs to the same structural family of MTXs. However, to accomplish a complete structural elucidation of MTX4, an NMR-based study and LC/HRMSn investigation will have to be carried out.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Influence of sudden salinity variation on the physiology and domoic acid production by two strains of Pseudo-nitzschia australis

Author: Zouher Amzil, Véronique Martin-Jézéquel, Nour Ayache, Fabienne Hervé, Amandine M.N. Caruana, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Phycotoxines
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Salinity, Osmotic shock, Pseudo-nitzschia australis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Biology, Photosynthetic efficiency, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Amnesic shellfish poisoning, harmful algae, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Shellfish, salinity stress, Diatoms, geography, Kainic Acid, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Domoic acid, Estuary, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, domoic acid, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, France, Pseudo-nitzschia, amnesic shellfish poisoning
Abstract: Several coastal countries including France have experienced serious and increasing problems related to Pseudo‐nitzschia toxic blooms. These toxic blooms occur in estuarine and coastal waters potentially subject to fluctuations in salinity. In this study, we document for the first time the viability, growth, photosynthetic efficiency and toxin production of two strains of Pseudo‐nitzschia australis grown under conditions with sudden salinity changes. Following salinity variation, the two strains survived over a restricted salinity range of 30 to 35, with favorable physiological responses, as the growth, effective quantum yield and toxin content were high compared to the other conditions. In addition, high cellular quotas of domoic acid (DA) were observed at a salinity of 40 for the strain IFR‐PAU‐16.1 in comparison with the other strain IFR‐PAU‐16.2 where the cell DA content was directly released into the medium. On the other hand, the osmotic stress imposed at lower salinities, 20 and 10, resulted in cell lysis and a sudden DA leakage in the medium. Intra‐specific variability was observed in growth and toxin production, with the strain IFR‐PAU‐16.1 apparently able to withstand higher salinities than the strain IFR‐PAU‐16.2. On the whole, DA does not appear to act as an osmolyte in response to sudden salinity changes. Since most of the shellfish harvesting areas of bivalve molluscs in France are located in areas where the salinity generally varies between 30 and 35, Pseudo‐nitzschia australis blooms might potentially impact public health and commercial shellfish resources in these places.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Exploring the chemodiversity of tropical microalgae for the discovery of natural antifouling compounds

Author: Isabelle Grondin, Ahlem Othmani, Mayalen Zubia, Gérald Culioli, Jean-François Briand, Damien Réveillon, Robert Bunet, Jean Turquet, Alina Tunin-Ley, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Hydrô Réunion, Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), Université de La Réunion (UR), Laboratoire Matériaux Polymères Interfaces Environnement Marin - EA 4323 (MAPIEM), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard, and Agence pour la Recherche et la Valorisation Marines - ARVAM (Ste Clotilde, La réunion-France)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Cyanobacteria, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Haptophyta, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Biofouling, Marine bacteriophage, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Aquatic plant, Botany, Microalgae, Metabolomics, Cryptophyta, 14. Life underwater, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Bioprospecting, biology, Amphidinium, Chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Antifouling, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Chemodiversity, Benthic zone, Bioassay, 010606 plant biology & botany, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: Marine microalgae and cyanobacteria have largely been studied for their biotechnological potential and proved their ability to produce a wide array of bioactive molecules. We investigated the antifouling potential of unexplored benthic tropical microalgae using anti-adhesion and toxicity bioassays against two major micro- and ma crobiofoulers, namely bacteria and barnacles. Fifty strains belonging to six phyla [Cyanobacteria, Miozoa (Dinoflagellata), Bacillariophyta, Cryptophyta, Rhodophyta and Haptophyta] were isolated from southwestern Islands of the Indian Ocean. They were chosen in order to represent as much as possible the huge biodiversity of such a rich tropical ecosystem. The associated chemodiversity was highlighted by both NMR- and LC-MS-based metabolomics. The screening of 84 algal fractions revealed that the anti-adhesion activity was concentrated in methanolic ones (i.e. 93% of all active fractions). Our results confirmed that microalgae constitute a promising source of natural antimicrofoulants as 17 out of the 30 active fractions showed high or very high capacity to inhibit the adhesion of three biofilm-forming marine bacteria. Dinoflagellate-derived fractions were the most active, both in terms of number and intensity. However, dinoflagellates were also more toxic and may not be suitable as a source of environmentally friendly antifouling compounds, in contrast to diatoms, e.g. Navicula mollis. The latter and two dinoflagellates of the genus Amphidinium also had interesting anti-settlement activities while being moderately toxic to barnacle larvae. Our approach, combining the bioprospecting of a large number of tropical microalgae for their anti-settlement potential and metabolomics analyses, constituted a first step towards the discovery of alternative ecofriendly antifoulants.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Pre-purification by membrane filtration of paralytic shellfish toxins from Alexandrium minutum dinoflagellate

Author: Véronique Séchet, Zouher Amzil, Jiaxuan Zhang, Nicolas Brodu, Rafik Balti, Delphine Drouin, Anthony Massé, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Phytoxins laboratory, Nantes, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and Laboratoire Phycotoxines
Subjects: Alexandrium minutum, Ultrafiltration, Filtration and Separation, 02 engineering and technology, Analytical Chemistry, Divalent, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020401 chemical engineering, law, Paralytic shellfish poisoning, medicine, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, Filtration, Purification, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chromatography, biology, Dinoflagellate, Membrane, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Nanofiltration, Shellfish poisoning, Diafiltration, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The Paralytic shellfish neurotoxins (PST) are of increasing interest for biomedical applications. The chemical synthesis is often complex and expensive that’s why the purification by membrane filtration of PST from Alexandrium minutum dinoflagellate was investigated. Disrupted micro-alga cells by ultrasonic treatment were diafiltred to let pass toxins through an ultrafiltration membrane. Then, the mean permeate was concentrated and diafiltrated by nanofiltration. Mean permeate fluxes equal to 187, 135 and 135 L h−1 m−2 were obtained during the first diafiltration, the concentration step and the final diafiltration respectively. Up to 57% (mol/mol) and 78% (mol/mol) of organic matters and salts were removed respectively. Divalent ions were sparsely removed contrary to monovalent ones. C1 and C2 toxins were successfully purified since more than 75% (mol/mol) were recovered. However, only 27 to 50% (mol/mol) of GTX2, GTX3 and STX were recovered.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Risques liés aux pinnatoxines dans les coquillages. Avis de l'Anses. Rapport d'expertise collective

Author: Mattei, César, Abadie, Eric, Delcourt, Nicolas, Fessard, Valérie, Fremy, Jean-Marc, Hess, Philippe, Hort, Vincent, Lagrange-Guillon, Emmeline, Vernoux, Jean Paul, Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Laboratoire de Fougères, Bâtiment Bioagropolis, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: marine toxin, cyclic imine, Toxines émergentes, Coquillages, toxicity, toxicologie, Imines cycliques, pteriatoxin, shellfish, food safety, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Ptériatoxine, toxicité, pinnatoxin, Portimine, Vulcanodinium rugosum, Pinnatoxine, toxin, sécurité des aliments, toxicology
Abstract: Dans un rapport de 2012, l'Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer) mettait en évidence la présence de pinnatoxines (PnTX), produites par le dinoflagellé Vulcanodinium rugosum, dans des moules de l’étang d’Ingril (Hérault). Les concentrations variaient fortement selon les années (2010, 2011 et 2012), avec un maximum de 1244 μg de PnTX G par kg de coquillages en poids frais en 2010 (rapport Ifremer, septembre 2012, Pinnatoxines en lien avec l’espèce Vulcanodinium rugosum). En juillet 2015, une concentration de 1143 μg de PnTX G par kg de coquillages a été rapportée par l’Ifremer.La présence de ces toxines pourrait expliquer des cas de discordance entre les résultats obtenus par le bioessai sur souris et ceux obtenus par analyse chimique (LC-MS/MS) observés dans les moules de l’étang d’Ingril dans le cadre du dispositif de vigilance pour les biotoxines marines lipophiles dans les coquillages, piloté par la DGAL. Par ailleurs, des travaux de l’Université de Trieste, menés en collaboration avec le CNRS (Gif-sur-Yvette) et l’Anses (Fougères), ont établi une dose létale à 50% (DL50) d’environ 200 μg/kg pc chez la souris par gavage (rapport Anses-Université de Trieste-CNRS 2014).
Published: 2019

28. Risques liés aux pinnatoxines dans les coquillages

Author: Mattei, César, Abadie, Eric, Delcourt, Nicolas, Fessard, Valérie, Fremy, Jean-Marc, Hess, Philippe, Hort, Vincent, Lagrange-Guillon, Emmeline, Vernoux, Jean Paul, Peyrat, Marie-Bénédicte, Arnich, Nathalie, Maignien, Thomas, Chiffoleau, Emmanuelle, Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Laboratoire de Fougères - ANSES, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), and Anses
Subjects: Toxicity, Toxines émergentes, Coquillages, Imines cycliques, Toxicology, Pinnatoxin, Food safety, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Toxicité, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Pteriatoxin, Cyclic imine, Ptériatoxine, Portimine, Marine toxin, Vulcanodinium rugosum, Toxin, Pinnatoxine, Toxicologie, Sécurité des aliments, Shellfish
Abstract: Dans un rapport de 2012, l'Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer) mettait en évidence la présence de pinnatoxines (PnTX), produites par le dinoflagellé Vulcanodinium rugosum, dans des moules de l’étang d’Ingril (Hérault). Les concentrations variaient fortement selon les années (2010, 2011 et 2012), avec un maximum de 1244 μg de PnTX G par kg de coquillages en poids frais en 2010 (rapport Ifremer, septembre 2012, Pinnatoxines en lien avec l’espèce Vulcanodinium rugosum). En juillet 2015, une concentration de 1143 μg de PnTX G par kg de coquillages a été rapportée par l’Ifremer.La présence de ces toxines pourrait expliquer des cas de discordance entre les résultats obtenus par le bioessai sur souris et ceux obtenus par analyse chimique (LC-MS/MS) observés dans les moules de l’étang d’Ingril dans le cadre du dispositif de vigilance pour les biotoxines marines lipophiles dans les coquillages, piloté par la DGAL. Par ailleurs, des travaux de l’Université de Trieste, menés en collaboration avec le CNRS (Gif-sur-Yvette) et l’Anses (Fougères), ont établi une dose létale à 50% (DL50) d’environ 200 μg/kg pc chez la souris par gavage (rapport Anses-Université de Trieste-CNRS 2014).
Published: 2019

29. Physiological changes induced by sodium chloride stress in Aphanizomenon gracile, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Dolichospermum sp

Author: Fabienne Hervé, Georges-Augustin Rovillon, Elise Robert, Emilie Houliez, Enora Briand, Amandine M.N. Caruana, Agata Zykwinska, Florent Malo, Laëtitia Marchand, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 [LOG], Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer [IFREMER], Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers [DYNECO], Laboratoire Phycotoxines [PHYC], Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) [ELFE], and Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement [MASAE]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Cyanobacteria, Paralytic shellfish toxins, Sodium chloride, Cyanotoxins, Plant Science, Sodium Chloride, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Algal bloom, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Phycocyanin, Botany, Animals, Aphanizomenon, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Saxitoxins, Harmful algal bloom, biology, Brackish water, Chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, biology.organism_classification, Polyhaline, Salinity, Osmoprotectant, Cylindrospermopsis
Abstract: Due to anthropogenic activities, associated with climate change, many freshwater ecosystems are expected to experience an increase in salinity. This phenomenon is predicted to favor the development and expansion of freshwater cyanobacteria towards brackish waters due to their transfer along the estuarine freshwater-marine continuum. Since freshwater cyanobacteria are known to produce toxins, this represents a serious threat for animal and human health. Saxitoxins (STXs) are classified among the most powerful cyanotoxins. It becomes thus critical to evaluate the capacity of cyanobacteria producing STXs to face variations in salinity and to better understand the physiological consequences of sodium chloride (NaCl) exposure, in particular on their toxicity. Laboratory experiments were conducted on three filamentous cyanobacteria species isolated from brackish (Dolichospermum sp.) and fresh waters (Aphanizomenon gracile and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii) to determine how salinity variations affect their growth, photosynthetic activity, pigment composition, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), synthesis of compatible solutes and STXs intracellular quotas. Salinity tolerance was found to be species-specific. Dolichospermum sp. was more resistant to salinity variations than A. gracile and C. raciborskii. NaCl variations reduced growth in all species. In A. gracile, carotenoids content was dose-dependently reduced by NaCl. By contrast, in C. raciborskii and Dolichospermum sp., variations in carotenoids content did not show obvious relationships with NaCl concentration. While in Dolichospermum sp. phycocyanin and phycoerythrin increased within the first 24 h exposure to NaCl, in both A. gracile and C. raciborskii, these pigments decreased proportionally to NaCl concentration. Low changes in salinity did not impact STXs production in A. gracile and C. raciborskii while higher increase in salinity could modify the toxin profile and content of C. raciborskii (intracellular STX decreased while dc-GTX2 increased). In estuaries, A. gracile and C. raciborskii would not be able to survive beyond the oligohaline area (i.e. salinity > 5). Conversely, in part due to its ability to accumulate compatible solutes, Dolichospermum sp. has the potential to face consequent salinity variations and to survive in the polyhaline area (at least up to salinity = 24).
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Evidence of the bioaccumulation of ciguatoxins in giant clams (Tridacna maxima) exposed to Gambierdiscus spp. cells

Author: Mélanie Roué, Hélène Taiana Darius, Manoella Sibat, Jérôme Viallon, Sandy Picot, André Ung, Nabila Gaertner-Mazouni, Zouher Amzil, Mireille Chinain, Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire des Micro - Algues Toxiques, UMR EIO, Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Laboratoire des Microalgues toxiques
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Neuroblastoma cell-based assay, Ciguatera, Ciguatoxin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Ciguatoxins, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Gambierdiscus polynesiensis, 14. Life underwater, LC-MS/MS, Giant clams, Ex situ contamination, Ciguatera Fish Poisoning, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Toxin, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Marine invertebrates, Coral reef, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Congener, Bioaccumulation
Abstract: International audience; Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) is a foodborne disease classically related to the consumption of tropical coral reef fishes contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs), neurotoxins produced by dinoflagellates of the Gambierdiscus genus. Severe atypical ciguatera-like incidents involving giant,clams, a marine resource highly consumed in the South Pacific, are also frequently reported in many Pacific Islands Countries and Territories. The present study was designed to assess the ability of giant clams to accumulate CTXs in their tissues and highlight the potential health risks associated with their consumption. Since giant clams are likely to be exposed to both free-swimming Gambierdiscus cells and dissolved CTXs in natural environment, ex situ contamination experiments were conducted as follows: giant clams were exposed to live or lyzed cells of TB92, a highly toxic strain of G. polynesiensis containing 5.83 +/- 0.85 pg P-CTX-3C equiv. cell(-1) vs. HIT0, a weakly toxic strain of G. toxicus containing only (2.05 +/- 1.16) x 10(-3) pg P-CTX-3C equiv. cell-1, administered over a 48 h period at a concentration of 150 cells mL(-1). The presence of CTXs in giant clams tissues was further assessed using the mouse neuroblastoma cell-based assay (CBA-N2a). Results showed that giant clams exposed to either lyzed or live cells of TB92 were able to bioaccumulate CTXs at concentrations well above the safety limit recommended for human consumption, i.e. 3.28 +/- 137 and 2.92 +/- 1.03 ng P-CTX-3C equiv. g(-1) flesh (wet weight), respectively, which represented approximately 3% of the total toxin load administered to the animals. In contrast, giant clams exposed to live or lyzed cells of HIT0 were found to be free of toxins, suggesting that in the nature, the risk of contamination of these bivalves is established only in the presence of highly toxic blooms of Gambierdiscus. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses confirmed CBA-N2a results and also revealed that P-CTX-3B was the major CTX congener retained in the tissues of giant clams fed with TB92 cells. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to provide evidence of the bioaccumulation of Gambierdiscus CTX.s in giant clams and confirms that these bivalve molluscs can actually constitute another pathway in ciguatera poisonings. While most monitoring programs currently focus on fish toxicity, these findings stress the importance of a concomitant surveillance of these marine invertebrates in applicable locations for an accurate assessment of ciguatera risk.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Bacterial community structure of the marine diatom Haslea ostrearia

Author: Vincent Turpin, Thierry Lebeau, Florence Mondeguer, Alexandra Lepinay, Hervé Capiaux, Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Biotope, Ecology, Frustule, Biofilm, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Community structure, Marine diatom, Biology, Phycosphere, biology.organism_classification, Bacterial cell structure, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolic fingerprinting, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Botany, Microalgae, 14. Life underwater, Agronomy and Crop Science, Haslea ostrearia, TTGE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Bacteria
Abstract: Haslea ostrearia produces a water-soluble, blue-green pigment, called marennine, with proven economic benefits (as a bioactive compound used to green oysters, which improves their market value). Incomplete knowledge of the ecological features of this marine diatom complicates its cultivation. More specifically, the ecology of bacteria surrounding H. ostrearia in ponds is what remains unknown. The structure of this bacterial community was previously analyzed by means of PCR-TTGE before and after isolating H. ostrearia cells recovered from 4 localities in order to distinguish the relative parts of the biotope and biocenose and to describe the temporal dynamics of the bacterial community structure at two time scales (2 weeks vs. 9 months). The bacterial structure of the phycosphere differed strongly from that of bulk sediment. The level of similarity between bacteria recovered from the biofilm and suspended bacteria did not exceed 10%. On the other hand, similarities among the bacterial community structures in biofilms were above 90% regardless of the geographic origin of the algal isolates, while the percentages were lower for suspended bacteria. The differences in bacterial structures of two H. ostrearia isolates (HO-R and HO-BM) resulted in specific metabolomic profiles. The non-targeted metabolomic investigation revealed more distinct profiles in the case of this bacteria-alga association than for the H. ostrearia monoculture. At the culture cycle scale under laboratory conditions, the bacterial community depended on the growth stage. When H. ostrearia was subcultured for 9 months, a shift in the bacterial structure was observed as of 3 months, with the bacterial structure stabilizing afterwards (70%–86% similarities), in spite of the size reduction of the H. ostrearia frustule. Based on these results, an initial insight into the relationships between H. ostrearia and its surrounding bacteria could be drawn, leading to a better understanding of the ecological feature of this marine diatom.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Membrane separation applied to micro-algae: applications to the water treatment and the bio-refinery

Author: Masse, Anthony, Amzil, Zouher, Balti, Rafik, Brodu, Nicolas, Jean Baptiste, Castaing, Fleurence, Joel, Frappart, M., Guilbaud, Julie, Haure, Joël, Jaouen, Pascal, Jubeau, Sébastien, Le Balc’h, Romain, Le Gall, Sophie, Marchal, Luc, Séverine, Plantier, Guillaume, Roelens, Sabiri, Nour-Eddine, Sechet, Véronique, Sinquin, Corinne, Wolff, Francois-Charles, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Station Ifremer de la Tremblade, Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Algosource Technologies, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Traitement Eau Air Métrologie (GEPEA-TEAM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Nantes (IFREMER Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

33. Rapport exécutif final du programme de recherche CARISTO-Pf

Author: Chinain, M, Darius, H.T., Gatti, C., Roué, M, Zubia, Mayalen, Hess, P, Amzil, Z., Sibat, M, Dechraoui Bottein, M.-Y., Nuel, G., CNR ISTM Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, CNR ISTM, Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Environment Laboratories (IAEA), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions (INSMI), Université de Polynésie française, and CARISTO-Pf
Subjects: CARISTO-Pf, Phytobenthos ciguatérigène, Caractérisation et gestion des Risques environnementaux et sanitaires, Polynésie française, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Published: 2018

34. Complex Toxin Profile of French Mediterranean Ostreopsis cf. ovata Strains, Seafood Accumulation and Ovatoxins Prepurification

Author: Christine Herrenknecht, Jocelyn Harcouet, Zouher Amzil, Nicolas Chomérat, Philipp Hess, Rodolphe Lemée, Francesco Pisapia, Charline Brissard, Véronique Séchet, Fabienne Hervé, Phytoxins laboratory, Nantes, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Environnement Ressource de Bretagne Occidentale (LER-BO), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Environnement Ressource de Bretagne Occidentale (LERBO), and LITTORAL (LITTORAL)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, seafood contamination, Pharmaceutical Science, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, palytoxin & ovatoxins, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ostreopsis cf ovata, Palytoxin, Drug Discovery, Food science, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), 0303 health sciences, Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Anthozoa, Hemolysis, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Dinoflagellida, France, palytoxin &amp, In Vitro Techniques, Biology, [SDV.MP.PRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Protistology, Article, ovatoxins, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cnidarian Venoms, culture, LC-MS/MS, hemolysis assay, Mediterranean Sea, medicine, Animals, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Shellfish, 030304 developmental biology, Acrylamides, Sheep, Toxin, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, medicine.disease, lcsh:Biology (General), Seafood, chemistry, Sephadex, Marine Toxins, Marine toxin
Abstract: International audience; Ostreopsis cf. ovata produces palytoxin analogues including ovatoxins (OVTXs) and a putative palytoxin (p-PLTX), which can accumulate in marine organisms and may possibly lead to food intoxication. However, purified ovatoxins are not widely available and their toxicities are still unknown. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of the ecophysiology of Ostreopsis cf. ovata and its toxin production as well as to optimize the purification process for ovatoxin. During Ostreopsis blooms in 2011 and 2012 in Villefranche-sur-Mer (France, NW Mediterranean Sea), microalgae epiphytic cells and marine organisms were collected and analyzed both by LC-MS/MS and hemolysis OPEN ACCESS Mar. Drugs 2014, 12 2852 assay. Results obtained with these two methods were comparable, suggesting ovatoxins have hemolytic properties. An average of 223 μg· kg −1 of palytoxin equivalent of whole flesh was found, thus exceeding the threshold of 30 μg· kg −1 in shellfish recommended by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Ostreopsis cells showed the same toxin profile both in situ and in laboratory culture, with ovatoxin-a (OVTX-a) being the most abundant analogue (~50%), followed by OVTX-b (~15%), p-PLTX (12%), OVTX-d (8%), OVTX-c (5%) and OVTX-e (4%). Ostreopsis cf. ovata produced up to 2 g of biomass per L of culture, with a maximum concentration of 300 pg PLTX equivalent cell −1. Thus, an approximate amount of 10 mg of PLTX-group toxins may be produced with 10 L of this strain. Toxin extracts obtained from collected biomass were purified using different techniques such as liquid-liquid partition or size exclusion. Among these methods, open-column chromatography with Sephadex LH20 phase yielded the best results with a cleanup efficiency of 93% and recovery of about 85%, representing an increase of toxin percentage by 13 fold. Hence, this purification step should be incorporated into future isolation exercises.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Performances of a seawater desalination plant made up of a sand filter, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes during a planktonic bloom

Author: Sabiri, Nour-Eddine, Masse, Anthony, Amzil, Zouher, Bourseau, Patrick, Jaouen, Pascal, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

36. Récupération de toxines issues de micro-algues par procédés membranaires

Author: Brodu, Nicolas, Zhang, Jiaxuan, Amzil, Zouher, Sechet, Véronique, Balti, Rafik, Masse, Anthony, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

37. Detoxification enhancement in the gymnodimine-contaminated grooved carpet shell, Ruditapes decussatus (Linné)

Author: Lassus Patrick, Guéguen Marielle, Bardouil Michele, Sibat Manoella, Truquet Philippe, Soudant Philippe, Amzil Zouher, Medhioub Néjib, Medhioub Walid, Kraiem Mejdeddine, Laboratoire Phycotoxine, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire d’Aquaculture Marine et Continentale [Monastir] (INSTM), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Phycotoxines
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ruditapes decussates, Karenia selliformis, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Isochrysis galbana, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, medicine, Ecotoxicology, Grooved carpet shell, 14. Life underwater, Food science, Mollusca, Shellfish, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Toxicity, Toxin, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Bivalvia, biology.organism_classification, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Gymnodimine, Detoxification
Abstract: Texte intégral disponible sur Archimer : http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2010/publication-7488.pdf; International audience; In the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia, Eastern Mediterranean sea), the grooved carpet shell Ruditapes decussatus has been seen to contain persistent levels of gymnodimine (GYM) for several years. The present experimental work represents the first attempt to assess detoxification kinetics of fast-acting toxins (FAT) in marine molluscs fed specific diets of non-toxic algae (Isochrysis galbana). To find an optimal detoxification method, two experiments were performed in which clams were first fed the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia selliformis to artificially contaminate them with GYM, thus simulating the effect of natural toxic episodes. As a second step, the same clams were fed a non-toxic algae, I. galbana, to speed up the detoxification process. Changes in toxin content over the whole experiment were assessed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The first results revealed (i) faster detoxification rates in digestive gland (DG) when clams were fed on I. galbana compared with a starved control (no food) and (ii) a typical detoxification pattern, i.e. a rapid drop in toxin content within the first days followed by a secondary slower decrease. GYM levels could be reduced approximately to less than 5% within 7-8 days in clams fed I. galbana, according to the initial toxin levels of 1400 and 9400 μg GYM/kg of DG, respectively. At the end of the second experiment, DSP mouse bioassay was negative when GYM was less than 100 μg/kg DG.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Toxic dinoflagellates (Alexandrium fundyense and A. catenella) have minimal apparent effects on oyster hemocytes

Author: Sandra E. Shumway, Gary H. Wikfors, Patrick Lassus, Christophe Lambert, Philippe Soudant, Hélène Hégaret, Jean-Baptiste Bérard, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Milford Laboratory, Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marine Science Department, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Alexandrium catenella, Oyster, animal structures, Zoology, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, medicine, 14. Life underwater, Paralytic shellfish poisoning, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Pacific oyster, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Ostreidae, Alexandrium fundyense, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Crassostrea, Eastern oyster
Abstract: The possible effect of Alexandrium spp. containing paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins on the hemocytes of oysters was tested experimentally. In one trial, eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica Gmelin, were exposed to bloom concentrations of the sympatric dinoflagellate, Alexandrium fundyense Balech, alone and in a mixture with a non-toxic diatom, Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grun) Fryxell et Hasle. Subsequently, another experiment exposed Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, to a mixed suspension of the sympatric, toxic species Alexandrium catenella (Whedon et Kofoid) Balech, with T. weissflogii. Measurements of numbers of oyster hemocytes, percentages of different cell types, and functions (phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mortality) were made using flow-cytometry. During and after exposure, almost no significant effects of Alexandrium spp. upon hemocyte numbers, morphology, or functions were detected, despite observations of adductor-muscle paralysis in C. virginica and measured toxin accumulation in C. gigas. The only significant correlation found was between toxin accumulation at one temperature and higher numbers of circulating live and dead hemocytes in C. gigas. The PSP toxins are known to interfere specifically with sodium-channel function; therefore, the finding that the toxins had no effect on measured hemocyte functions suggests that sodium-channel physiology is not important in these hemocyte functions. Finally, because oysters were exposed to the living algae, not purified toxins, there was no evidence of bioactive compounds other than PSP toxins affecting hemocytes in the two species of Alexandrium studied.
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Effects of Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen on the Growth and Production of Domoic Acid by Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and P. australis (Bacillariophyceae) in Culture

Author: Véronique Martin-Jézéquel, Véronique Séchet, Leo Candela, Pierre Weigel, Zouher Amzil, Guillaume Calu, Thierry Jauffrais, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles (BIAF), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Unité de Biotechnologie, Biocatalyse et Biorégulation (U3B), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ecophysiology, Nitrogen, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pseudo-nitzschia, Pharmaceutical Science, chemistry.chemical_element, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, nitrogen, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nitrate, Species Specificity, Culture Techniques, Drug Discovery, Botany, Ammonium, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), Nitrogen cycle, lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diatoms, amino acids, Kainic Acid, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Domoic acid, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Europe, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), domoic acid, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, toxic diatoms, Marine Toxins, Marine toxin
Abstract: Over the last century, human activities have altered the global nitrogen cycle, and anthropogenic inputs of both inorganic and organic nitrogen species have increased around the world, causing significant changes to the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The increasing frequency of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in estuarine and coastal waters reinforces the need to understand better the environmental control of its growth and domoic acid (DA) production. Here, we document Pseudo-nitzschia spp. growth and toxicity on a large set of inorganic and organic nitrogen (nitrate, ammonium, urea, glutamate, glutamine, arginine and taurine). Our study focused on two species isolated from European coastal waters: P. multiseries CCL70 and P. australis PNC1. The nitrogen sources induced broad differences between the two species with respect to growth rate, biomass and cellular DA, but no specific variation could be attributed to any of the inorganic or organic nitrogen substrates. Enrichment with ammonium resulted in an enhanced growth rate and cell yield, whereas glutamate did not support the growth of P. multiseries. Arginine, glutamine and taurine enabled good growth of P. australis, but without toxin production. The highest DA content was produced when P. multiseries grew with urea and P. australis grew with glutamate. For both species, growth rate was not correlated with DA content but more toxin was produced when the nitrogen source could not sustain a high biomass. A significant negative correlation was found between cell biomass and DA content in P. australis. This study shows that Pseudo-nitzschia can readily utilize organic nitrogen in the form of amino acids, and confirms that both inorganic and organic nitrogen affect growth and DA production. Our results contribute to our understanding of the ecophysiology of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and may help to predict toxic events in the natural environment.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Alexandrium catenella increases the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to pathogenic vibrios: possible implications in oyster mass mortalities in the Mediterranean Thau lagoon

Author: Abi-Khalil, Célina, Lopez-Joven, Carmen, Abadie, E., Savar, V., Amzil, Z., Laabir, M., Rolland, Jean-Luc, Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), CNRS, IFREMER, ANSES, IUEM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: National audience; Since several years an alarming worldwide expansion of Harmful Algae Bloom (HAB) was observed in coastal and / or confined waters. Alexandrium catenella, a paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) producer, is now regularly found in Thau lagoon (south of France) at concentrations up to 15x106 cellules. l-1. In the same periods, events of oyster’s mortality are also observed causing huge economic losses. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between these toxic events and mortality phenomenon. For that, we conducted a field work to evaluate the presence of the toxic A. catenella in Thau lagoon during the years 2013 and 2014 in which high mortality of oysters spats were observed in spring. At the same time, we experimentally infected spats with the pathogenic bacterium V. tasmaniensis LGP32 and kept them unfed or previously fed either with the toxic alga A. catenella or with nontoxic algae, Alexandrium tamarense or Tisochrysis lutea. Results showed that the toxic alga was present in the lagoon when spats' mortalities occurred suggesting A. catenella could be involved in these events. Moreover, our laboratory experiment showed that the exposure to A. catenella increases the susceptibility of spats to one of its pathogens, V. tasmaniensis LGP32. Those results both together suggest for the first time that, in the environment, toxic algae could be implicated in oysters’ mortality. Further studies should be conducted to determine the main factors of this alga implicated in weakening oysters and their immune system against their pathogen which lead to these large scale mortalities
Published: 2015

41. Outstanding marine molecules : chemistry, biology, analysis

Author: Muriel Gugger, Zouher Amzil, Jean Turquet, Mireille Chinain, Mélanie Roué, Stjepko Golubic, Dominique Laurent, Rómulo Aráoz, Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Collection des Cyanobactéries, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Biological Science Center, Boston University [Boston] (BU), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence pour la Recherche et la Valorisation Marines - ARVAM (Ste Clotilde, La réunion-France), Laboratoire des Micro-algues toxiques, Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Pharmacochimie et Biologie pour le Développement (PHARMA-DEV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Stephane La Barre (Editor), Jean-Michel Kornprobst (Editor), La Barre, S. (ed.), Kornprobst, J.M. (ed.), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Phytoxins laboratory, Nantes, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Consumption (economics), 0303 health sciences, marine environment, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Cyanotoxins, Biology, human poisonings, Cyanobacteria, 01 natural sciences, Toxicology, 03 medical and health sciences, Human health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, 13. Climate action, Environmental health, 14. Life underwater, Value (mathematics), Recreation, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; Many people around the world depend on the marine environment, for its nutritional, recreational, and general economic value. For many years, a notable increase has been observed in the number of cases of severe intoxication, through the consumption of contaminated seafood and through external exposure. While dinoflagellates and diatoms are considered the main source of marine biotoxins, there is also growing evidence that certain groups of marine cyanobacteria are likely to produce various toxins with potential harmful effects on humans, especially in cases of massive proliferation. Some of the recent findings that support this hypothesis are summarized in this chapter.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. An integrated environmental approach to investigate biomarker fluctuations in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. in the Vilaine estuary, France

Author: Hansy Haberkorn, Laurent Lagadic, Micheline Heydorff, Emilie Farcy, Thierry Burgeot, Jean-Pierre Allenou, Nicolas Mazzella, Michel Auffret, Thierry Caquet, Dominique Ménard, Hélène Budzinski, Romain Pete, Florence Mondeguer, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Laboratoire Cotier Morbihan Pays de Loire, Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels (LPTC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseaux épuration et qualité des eaux (UR REBX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French National Research Agency, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Chlorophyll, Hemocytes, Mytilus edulis, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Malondialdehyde, Phycotoxins, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Aquatic ecosystem, Temperature, General Medicine, Catalase, Pollution, Mytilus, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Acetylcholinesterase, France, Seasons, Estuaries, Blue mussel, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental fluctuations, Confounding factors, Biology, Algal bloom, Organic contaminants, Reproductive cycle, Phagocytosis, Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Vitellins, Benzopyrene Hydroxylase, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Phycotoxin, geography, Herbicides, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Chlorophyll A, Water Pollution, fungi, Estuary, Mussel, biology.organism_classification, Oxidative Stress, 13. Climate action, Reactive Oxygen Species, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; Estuarine areas represent complex and highly changing environments at the interface between freshwater and marine aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the aquatic organisms living in estuaries have to face highly variable environmental conditions. The aim of this work was to study the influence of environmental changes from either natural or anthropogenic origins on the physiological responses of Mytilus edulis. Mussels were collected in the Vilaine estuary during early summer because this season represents a critical period of active reproduction in mussels and of increased anthropogenic inputs from agricultural and boating activities into the estuary. The physiological status of the mussel M. edulis was evaluated through measurements of a suite of biomarkers related to: oxidative stress (catalase, malondialdehyde), detoxication (benzopyrene hydroxylase, carboxylesterase), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase), reproductive cycle (vitelline, condition index, maturation stages), immunotoxicity (hemocyte concentration, granulocyte percentage, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, oxidative burst), and general physiological stress (lysosomal stability). A selection of relevant organic contaminant (pesticides, (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorobiphenyls) was measured as well as environmental parameters (water temperature, salinity, total suspended solids, turbidity, chlorophyll a, pheopigments) and mussel phycotoxin contamination. Two locations differently exposed to the plume of the Vilaine River were compared. Both temporal and inter-site variations of these biomarkers were studied. Our results show that reproduction cycle and environmental parameters such as temperature, organic ontaminants, and algal blooms could strongly influence the biomarker responses. These observations highlight the necessity to conduct integrated environmental approaches in order to better understand the causes of biomarker variations.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Influence of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) sexual maturation stage and ploidy on uptake of paralytic phycotoxins

Author: Philippe Soudant, Michele Bardouil, Marielle Guéguen, Philippe Truquet, Régis Baron, Patrick Lassus, Hansy Haberkorn, Microbiologie d'Intérêt Laitier et Alimentaire ( MILA ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Laboratoire de Science et Technologie de la Biomasse Marine ( STBM ), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) ( LEMAR ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer ( IUEM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Microorganismes d'Intérêt Laitier et Alimentaire (MILA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Science et Technologie de la Biomasse Marine (STBM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Alexandrium minutum, Triploid, Zoology, Biology, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Contamination, Paralytic shellfish poisoning, medicine, Animals, Sexual maturity, Sexual Maturation, 14. Life underwater, Crassostrea, Phycotoxin, Ploidies, Diploid, Ecology, Toxin, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Crassostrea gigas, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Marine Toxins, Ploidy, Clearance rate
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess paralytic phycotoxin uptake in diploid and triploid oysters at two stages of their sexual cycle corresponding to their status in early summer (June) and winter (November). Samples of diploid and triploid oysters were exposed to a toxic culture of Alexandrium minutum for 4 days in each season. No significant differences in filtration or clearance rates were observed during either November or June experiments. When diploid oysters were at resting stage (November), toxin uptake showed no significant difference between the ploidy classes. In contrast, when the diploid oysters were at the peak of their sexual maturation (June), the triploid oysters were seen to accumulate almost double the amount of paralytic toxins as the diploid ones. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Shellfish and residual chemical contaminants: hazards, monitoring, and health risk assessment along French coasts

Author: Thierry Guérin, Pierre-Marie Badot, Jean-Paul Vernoux, Marielle Guéguen, Didier Claisse, Jean-Claude Amiard, Nathalie Arnich, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ), SMAB, Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort, ANSES, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Nantes ( IFREMER Nantes ), Laboratoire d'études et de recherches sur la qualité des aliments et sur les procédés agroalimentaires, AFSSA, Microbiologie d'Intérêt Laitier et Alimentaire ( MILA ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Microorganismes d'Intérêt Laitier et Alimentaire (MILA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Oyster, Cerastoderma edule, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], BLUE MUSSELS, Ruditapes, 010501 environmental sciences, URINARY ARSENIC SPECIATION, 01 natural sciences, HEAVY-METALS, biology.animal, UNITED-KINGDOM ESTUARIES, Pecten maximus, ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS, 14. Life underwater, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Shellfish, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS, MUSSEL MYTILUS-GALLOPROVINCIALIS, biology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Mussel, biology.organism_classification, Fishery, Agriculture, ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS, DEFENSE-MECHANISM, Crassostrea, business, SEAFOOD CONSUMERS
Abstract: Shellfish farming is a common industry along European coasts. According to the 2005–2006 data from the French National Shellfish Farming Committee (CNC – Comite National de la Conchyliculture 2010; see Table 1 for a list of acronyms and abbreviations used in this chapter), Spain is the largest shellfish producer in Europe (∼270,000 t) and France ranks second, producing 200,000 t of shellfish annually. France is the leading European oyster producer, with an annual output of 130,000 t of Crassostrea gigas, and ranks fourth in the world after China, Japan, and Korea. The top three European mussel (Mytilus edulis and Mytilus galloprovincialis) producers are Spain (260,000 t), Denmark (80,000 t), and France (65,000 t). For other shellfish, the French annual output level is 15,000 t for king scallops (Pecten maximus) and a few thousand tons for Ruditapes clams (Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes philippinarum) and cockles (Cerastoderma edule). The economic impact of shellfish farming is considerable; despite fairly long production lead times and difficult operating conditions, shellfish farming generates annual sales of more than 650 million Euros in France, owing to its high added value.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Alexandrium ostenfeldii growth and spirolide production in batch culture and photobioreactor

Author: Patrick Lassus, VÃ©ronique Sechet, Philippe Soudant, Walid Medhioub, Zouher Amzil, MichÃ¨le Bardouil, Philippe Truquet, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire d’Aquaculture Marine et Continentale [Monastir] (INSTM), and Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Cell diameter, Spirolide production, Photobioreactor, Plant Science, Growth, Aquatic Science, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Batch, 03 medical and health sciences, Laboratory flask, Botany, Food science, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Dinoflagellate, Cell concentration, Alexandrium ostenfeldii, biology.organism_classification, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Aeration
Abstract: Growth and spirolide production of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Danish strain CCMP1773) were studied in batch culture and a photobioreactor (continuous cultures). First, batch cultures were grown in 450 mL flasks without aeration and under varying conditions of temperature (16 and 22 degrees C) and culture medium (L1, f/2 and L1 with addition of soil extract). Second, cultures were grown at 16 degrees C in 8 L aerated flat-bottomed vessels using L1 with soil extract as culture medium. Finally, continuous cultures in a photobioreactor were conducted at 18 degrees C in L1 with soil extract; pH was maintained at 8.5 and continuous stirring was applied. This study showed that A. ostenfeldii growth was significantly affected by temperature. At the end of the exponential phase, maximum cell concentration and cell diameter were significantly higher at 16 degrees C than at 22 C. In batch culture, maximum spirolide quota per cell (approx. 5 pg SPX 13-desMeC eq cell(-1)) was detected during lag phase for all conditions used. Spirolide quota per cell was negatively and significantly correlated to cell concentration according to the following equation: y = 4013.9x(-0.858). Temperature and culture medium affected the spirolide profile which was characterized by the dominance of 13,19-didesMeC (29-46%), followed by SPX-D (21-28%), 13-desMeC (21-23%), and 13-desMeD (17-21%). Stable growth of A. ostenfeldii was maintained in a photobioreactor over two months, with maximum cell concentration of 7 x 10(4) cells mL(-1). As in batch culture, maximum spirolide cell quota was found in lag phase and then decreased significantly throughout the exponential phase. Spirolide cell quota was negatively and significantly correlated to cell concentration according to the equation: y = 12,858x(-0.8986). In photobioreactor, spirolide profile was characterized by higher proportion of 13,19-didesMeC (60-87%) and lower proportions of SPX-D (3-12%) and 13-desMeD (1.6-10%) as compared to batch culture. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Étude des mécanismes de contamination des mollusques bivalves par des neurotoxines à action rapide (FAT) & développement de procédés de détoxification

Author: Walid, Medhioub, Walid, Medhioub, Laboratoire Phycotoxines (PHYC), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire d’Aquaculture Marine et Continentale [Monastir] (INSTM), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, Philippe Soudant/Mejeddine Kraeim(Philippe.Soudant@univ-brest.fr/mejd.kraiem@instm.rnrt.tn), Laboratoire Phycotoxine, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: détoxification, histologie, histology, gymnodimine, Ruditapes decussatus, spirolide, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Crassostrea gigas, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Karenia selliformis, Alexandrium ostenfeldii, culture
Abstract: This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions of growth and toxin production in Karenia selliformis and Alexandrium ostenfeldii in order to produce cells at a high concentration with known toxicity to perform further contamination and detoxification trial on edible shellfish. Moreover, this work aims to study the impact of non-toxic microalga on the detoxification kinetics of clam Ruditapes decussatus contaminated by gymnodimines and oyster Crassostrea gigas contaminated by spirolides. The final goal of this study is to determine the physiological impact of toxic microalgae in the shellfish tissues. Initially, results revealed that the growth performance of K. selliformis (growth rate and maximum concentration) is obtained at a temperature of 22°C and at a salinity of 36 psu when using the f/2 medium, while those of A. ostenfeldii are obtained at a temperature of 16°C and at a salinity of 35 psu using the L1 medium. Gymnodimine concentration increases with the age of the culture of K. selliformis while spirolide concentration decreases during cell growth of A. ostenfeldii especially during the culture in a photobioreactor of 100 l. Secondly, the experimental studies focused on the interaction between toxic micro-algae with molluscs bivalves. The results revealed i) a major accumulation of GYMs and SPXs in digestive gland of clams and oysters ii) a rapid detoxification of contaminated shellfish when adding food. Finally, this study addressed an important issue on the impact of toxic algae on shellfish. The exposure to A. ostenfeldii showed i) a decrease in the digestive gland tubule thickness and the percentage of active digestive tubules ii) an inflammatory response consisting of hemocyte infiltration and diapedesis into the intestinal tract of the oysters. Concerning the natural and experimental contamination of clams, histological analysis did not reveal any alteration of the digestive gland as demonstrated in oysters contaminated by A. ostenfeldii., Cette étude à pour objectif de maîtriser les conditions de culture et de production toxinique chez Karenia selliformis et Alexandrium ostenfeldii dans le but de réaliser des contaminations expérimentales indépendamment du caractère aléatoire des proliférations toxiques en zones côtières. Ce travail vise également à étudier l'impact de l'alimentation sur la détoxification artificielle de la palourde Ruditapes decussatus contaminée par des gymnodimines et de l'huître Crassostrea gigas contaminées par des spirolides et enfin d'étudier l'impact physiologique de ces micro-algues toxiques au niveau des organes accumulateurs des coquillages. Dans un premier temps, il a été mis en évidence que les performances de croissance de K. selliformis (taux de croissance et concentration maximale) sont obtenues à une température de 22°C pour une salinité de 36 psu en utilisant le milieu f/2 alors que celles d'A. ostenfeldii sont obtenues à une température de 16°C pour une salinité de 35 psu en utilisant le milieu L1. Le contenu en gymnodimine dans les cellules de K. selliformis augmente en fonction de l'âge de la culture alors que le contenu en spirolide diminue au cours de la croissance cellulaire d'A. ostenfeldii plus particulièrement lors de la culture en photobioréacteur de 100 l. Dans un deuxième temps, des études expérimentales portant sur l'interaction des micro-algues toxiques avec les mollusques ont permis d'apporter des connaissances nouvelles sur le devenir des imines cycliques après contamination et lors de la détoxification. Il a ainsi été mis en évidence i) une accumulation majoritaire des GYMs et des SPXs au niveau des glandes digestives des palourdes et des huîtres ii) une accélération des cinétiques de détoxification lors de l'ajout de l'alimentation. Dans un troisième temps, les essais portant sur la contamination de C. gigas par A. ostenfeldii ont permis de déterminer i) une altération des diverticules digestifs consistant en une réduction de l'épaisseur de la paroi épithéliale et en une augmentation de la surface de la lumière des diverticules digestifs ii) une réaction inflammatoire dans la glande digestive de certains individus contaminés se caractérisant par une agglutination massive d'hémocytes autour de différents organes de la glande digestive: l'estomac, l'intestin ainsi que les conduits et tubules digestifs. Dans le cas des contaminations naturelles et expérimentales des palourdes les analyses histologiques réalisées n'ont pas permis de mettre en évidence des signes d'altération de la glande digestive comme dans le cas des les huîtres contaminées par A. ostenfeldii.
Published: 2011

47. Molecular Phylogeny, Morphology, Growth and Toxicity of Three Benthic Dinoflagellates Ostreopsis sp. 9, Prorocentrum lima and Coolia monotis Developing in Strait of Gibraltar, Southwestern Mediterranean.

Author: Ibghi M, Rijal Leblad B, L'Bachir El Kbiach M, Aboualaalaa H, Daoudi M, Masseret E, Le Floc'h E, Hervé F, Bilien G, Chomerat N, Amzil Z, and Laabir M
Subjects: Gibraltar, Phylogeny, Harmful Algal Bloom, Ammonia, Dinoflagellida genetics
Abstract: Few works have been carried out on benthic harmful algal blooms (BHAB) species in the southern Mediterranean and no data are available for the highly dynamic Strait of Gibraltar (western Mediterranean waters). For the first time, Ostreopsis sp. 9, Prorocentrum lima and Coolia monotis were isolated in this key region in terms of exchanges between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and subject to intense maritime traffic. Ribotyping confirmed the morphological identification of these three dinoflagellates species. Monoclonal cultures were established and the maximum growth rate and cell yield were measured at a temperature of 24 °C and an irradiance of 90 µmol photons m -2 s -1 , for each species: 0.26 ± 0.02 d -1 (8.75 × 10 3 cell mL -1 after 28 days) for Ostreopsis sp. 9, 0.21 ± 0.01 d -1 (49 × 10 3 cell mL -1 after 145 days) for P. lima and 0.21 ± 0.01 d -1 (10.02 × 10 3 cell mL -1 after 28 days) for C. monotis . Only P. lima was toxic with concentrations of okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-1 measured in optimal growth conditions ranging from 6.4 pg cell -1 to 26.97 pg cell -1 and from 5.19 to 25.27 pg cell -1 , respectively. The toxin content of this species varied in function of the growth phase. Temperature influenced the growth and toxin content of P. lima . Results suggest that future warming of Mediterranean coastal waters may lead to higher growth rates and to increases in cellular toxin levels in P. lima . Nitrate and ammonia affected the toxin content of P. lima but no clear trend was noted. In further studies, we have to isolate other BHAB species and strains from Strait of Gibraltar waters to obtain more insight into their diversity and toxicity.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Unraveling the Gonyaulax baltica Species Complex: Cyst-theca Relationship of Impagidinium variaseptum, Spiniferites pseudodelicatus sp. nov. and S. ristingensis (Gonyaulacaceae, Dinophyceae), With Descriptions of Gonyaulax bohaiensis sp. nov, G. amoyensis sp. nov. and G. portimonensis sp. nov.

Author: Gu H, Mertens KN, Derrien A, Bilien G, Li Z, Hess P, Séchet V, Krock B, Amorim A, Li Z, Pospelova V, Smith KF, MacKenzie L, Yoon JY, Kim HJ, and Shin HH
Subjects: Chromatography, Liquid, Phylogeny, Republic of Korea, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Dinoflagellida genetics
Abstract: The taxonomy of the extant dinoflagellate genus Gonyaulax is challenging since its thecate morphology is rather conservative. In contrast, cysts of Gonyaulax are varied in morphology and have been related with the fossil-based genera Spiniferites and Impagidinium. To better understand the systematics of Gonyaulax species, we performed germination experiments on cysts that can be identified as S. ristingensis, an unidentified Spiniferites with petaloid processes here described as Spiniferites pseudodelicatus sp. nov. and Impagidinium variaseptum from Chinese and Portuguese waters. Despite marked differences in cyst morphology, motile cells of S. pseudodelicatus and I. variaseptum are indistinguishable from Gonyaulax baltica. Motile cells hatched from S. ristingensis are morphologically similar to G. baltica as well but differ in the presence of one pronounced antapical spine. Three new species, Gonyaulax amoyensis (cyst equivalent S. pseudodelicatus), Gonyaulax bohaiensis (cyst equivalent I. variaseptum), and Gonyaulax portimonensis (cyst equivalent S. ristingensis), were erected. In addition, a new ribotype (B) of G. baltica was reported from South Korea and a bloom of G. baltica ribotype B is reported from New Zealand. Molecular phylogeny based on LSU and SSU rRNA gene sequences revealed that Gonyaulax species with minute or short antapical spines formed a well-resolved clade, whereas species with two pronounced antapical spines or lack of antapical spines formed the sister clade. Six strains of four above species were examined for yessotoxin production by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, and very low concentrations of yessotoxin were detected for one G. bohaiensis strain., (© 2022 Phycological Society of America.)
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Two toxigenic Ostreopsis species, O. cf. ovata and O. siamensis (Dinophyceae), from the South China Sea, tropical Western Pacific.

Author: Gu H, Wang Y, Derrien A, Hervé F, Wang N, Pransilpa M, Lim PT, and Leaw CP
Subjects: Bayes Theorem, Chromatography, Liquid, DNA, Ribosomal genetics, Dinoflagellida genetics, Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Abstract: In the dinophyte genus Ostreopsis, seven out of 11 described species are known to produce various toxic compounds that were characterized in the palytoxins family. Species in the genus shared identical thecal plate patterns but differed in size, shape, and thecal plate ornamentation. Two species, O. cf. ovata and O. siamensis, have been reported from the Western Pacific, but information on toxin production is scarce. Here, we established nine strains of Ostreopsis from six localities in the South China Sea (SCS), covering the Gulf of Thailand, northern SCS (Hainan Island, Beibu Bay), and southern SCS (Peninsular Malaysia). Their morphology was examined by light and electron microscopy and the molecular phylogeny was inferred based on the LSU rDNA (D1-D3) and ITS rDNA sequences using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Both O. cf. ovata and O. siamensis, albeit morphologically closely related, can be distinguished by a feature of the thecal pores with pronounced ridges in the latter. Molecular data further supported their species identity. Toxin production in the strains was examined by LC-MS/MS. O. cf. ovata strain T5PRBost02 was observed to produce Ovatoxin-k and Ovatoxin-j2 only; while Ostreocin-B and Ostreocin-D was produced by O. siamensis strain T10PRBost04. This is the first report confirming the production of palytoxins analogs in Ostreopsis species from the region., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Sulfo-Gambierones, Two New Analogs of Gambierone Produced by Gambierdiscus excentricus .

Author: Yon T, Sibat M, Robert E, Lhaute K, Holland WC, Litaker RW, Bertrand S, Hess P, and Réveillon D
Subjects: Animals, Aquatic Organisms, Atlantic Ocean, Cell Line, Tumor drug effects, Ciguatera Poisoning, Ethers chemistry, Humans, Marine Toxins chemistry, Dinoflagellida, Ethers pharmacology, Marine Toxins pharmacology
Abstract: Ciguatera poisoning is caused by the ingestion of fish or shellfish contaminated with ciguatoxins produced by dinoflagellate species belonging to the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa . Unlike in the Pacific region, the species producing ciguatoxins in the Atlantic Ocean have yet to be definitely identified, though some ciguatoxins responsible for ciguatera have been reported from fish. Previous studies investigating the ciguatoxin-like toxicity of Atlantic Gambierdiscus species using Neuro2a cell-based assay identified G. excentricus as a potential toxin producer. To more rigorously characterize the toxin profile produced by this species, a purified extract from 124 million cells was prepared and partial characterization by high-resolution mass spectrometry was performed. The analysis revealed two new analogs of the polyether gambierone: sulfo-gambierone and dihydro-sulfo-gambierone. Algal ciguatoxins were not identified. The very low ciguatoxin-like toxicity of the two new analogs obtained by the Neuro2a cell-based assay suggests they are not responsible for the relatively high toxicity previously observed when using fractionated G. excentricus extracts, and are unlikely the cause of ciguatera in the region. These compounds, however, can be useful as biomarkers of the presence of G. excentricus due to their sensitive detection by mass spectrometry.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

105 results on '"Laboratoire Phycotoxines"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources