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Zhongkang Ji,1,* Sheng Bi,1,* Bin Lu,1,2 Lin Zheng,1 Xiuyuan Jin,1 Shujuan Huang,1 Liangxiu Jiang,1 Yuping Wang,1 Cheng Ding,1 Kaijin Xu1 1State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Kaijin Xu; Cheng Ding, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13750870030, Email zdyxyxkj@zju.edu.cn; dingchengzju@zju.edu.cnObjective: To assess the diagnostic performance of the blood-based Cepheid 3-gene Host Response test (MTB-HR), urine-based Lipoarabinomannan (LAM), and a combination of MTB-HR and LAM (MTB-HR & LAM) for detecting active tuberculosis (ATB).Methods: All participants were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, between June 8, 2023 and September 13, 2023. Subsequently, the participants were classified into the ATB group or non-active tuberculosis (non-ATB) group based on microbiological evidence. MTB-HR and LAM tests were performed using fingerstick blood and urine samples from each participant, respectively. The diagnostic performance of the tests was evaluated based on the sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, and Kappa value. Pairwise comparisons of the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) between different tests were conducted using nonparametric methods.Results: A total of 297 participants were included. The MTB-HR test demonstrated diagnostic efficacy with a sensitivity of 77.37% (95% CI: 70.37– 84.38) and a specificity of 85.63% (95% CI: 80.19– 91.06). The LAM test demonstrated a high specificity of 97.50% (95% CI: 95.08– 99.92), albeit with a lower sensitivity of 54.74% (95% CI: 46.41– 63.082). The sensitivity and specificity of the MTB-HR & LAM were 83.21% (95% CI: 76.95– 89.47) and 83.13% (95% CI: 77.32– 88.93), respectively. Only MTB-HR & LAM exhibited higher values of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than the LAM test (MTB-HR & LAM vs LAM: 0.83 vs 0.76, P=0.0031).Conclusion: In this study, although both non-sputum-based triage MTB-HR and LAM do not meet the WHO diagnostic target currently, they show possible values for triage and diagnosis in ATB. Compared to single MTB-HR or LAM test, the combined MTB-HR & LAM does not demonstrate advantages.Keywords: active tuberculosis, diagnostic, three-gene host response, Lipoarabinomannan, AUROC

Abstract Many studies have focused on the effects of small molecules, such as amino acids, on metabolism under hypoxia. Recent findings have indicated that phenylalanine levels were markedly elevated in adaptation to chronic hypoxia. This raises the possibility that phenylalanine treatment could markedly improve the hypoxic endurance. However, the importance of hypoxia-regulated phenylalanine is still unclear. This study investigates the role of phenylalanine in hypoxia adaptation using a hypoxic zebrafish model and multi-omics analysis. We found that phenylalanine-related metabolic pathways are significantly up-regulated under hypoxia, contributing to enhanced hypoxic endurance. Phenylalanine treatment reduced ROS levels, improved mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in hypoxic cells. Western blotting revealed increased phenylalanine uptake via L-type amino transporters (LAT1), activating the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. This activation up-regulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, while down-regulating uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), thereby improving mitochondrial function under hypoxia. This is the first comprehensive multi-omics analysis to demonstrate phenylalanine’s crucial role in hypoxia adaptation, providing insights for the development of anti-hypoxic drugs. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Objective To exploit the combination diagnostic performance of serum microRNA-134-5p (miR-134-5p) and color Doppler ultrasound in patients with endometriosis patients. Methods Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was applied to measure relative abundance of miR-134-5p in serum of patients with endometriosis and gynecological benign diseases. Calculation of uterine artery blood flow parameters was conducted using Color Doppler ultrasound. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of miR-134-5p and Doppler parameters. Kaplan-Meier method was used for the analysis of recurrence-free survival rate. Results Compared with the control group, serum miR-134-5p expression was remarkably diminished in endometriosis patients (P

Yuyan Sun,1 Bing Lu,1 Yuanwen Hu,2 Yingqi Lv,3 Shao Zhong1 1Department of Endocrinology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, 215300, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, 215300, People’s Republic of China; 3Division of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shao Zhong, Department of Endocrinology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, the First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, 215300, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13328056828, Email drzhong@163.comAbstract: In recent years, pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus has garnered significant attention due to its high incidence, complications, and mortality rates. Glycemic variability (GV) can increase the risk of pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus and its associated complications; however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. The effective control of GV is crucial for preventing the onset of pancreatic diabetes mellitus and improving prognosis. Both diet and antidiabetic medications have substantial effects on GV. However, many patients are prescribed suboptimal or even harmful drugs. Therefore, to provide a comprehensive treatment basis for clinicians to prevent and treat pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus, this study aimed to elucidate the relationship between GV and pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus; investigate the potential mechanisms (such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism disorders); provide lifestyle guidance; and recommend drug selections to reduce the GV in patients with pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus. Keywords: pancreatogenic diabetes, glucose fluctuation, glycemic variability, therapy, antihyperglycemic drug

Nan Huang,1– 3,&ast; Bing Lu,4,&ast; Zhuan-Zhuan Zhu,5,&ast; Xiang-Yun Zhu,1,3 Sheng Chen,1– 3 Zhi-Yi Shu,1– 3 Gai-Fang Liu,6 You-Fan Peng,7,&ast; Ling Li1– 3,&ast; 1Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People’s Republic of China; 3Pancreatic Research Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Endocrinology, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215343, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212002, People’s Republic of China; 6Division of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ling Li, Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People’s Republic of China, Email lingli@seu.edu.cn You-Fan Peng, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, People’s Republic of China, Email youfanpeng@hotmail.comPurpose: Insulin resistance is associated with kidney impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), which combines the TyG index with body mass index (BMI), has received significant attention as a tool for evaluating insulin resistance. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the association between TyG-BMI and kidney impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Patients and Methods: The cross-sectional analysis included 1080 patients with T2DM, and data were collected retrospectively. TyG-BMI was calculated by fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and body mass index.Results: TyG-BMI was significantly higher in T2DM patients with albuminuria than those without albuminuria (232.16 [206.52– 268.02] vs 229.83 [206.11– 255.64], p =0.023). T2DM patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) showed a significantly higher value of TyG-BMI compared with those without CKD (232.23 [206.46– 268.28] vs 229.73 [206.11– 255.49], p=0.014). Correlation analysis showed a significantly positive association between TyG-BMI and metabolic parameters including BMI (r = 0.866, p < 0.001), TG (r = 0.630, p < 0.001), TC (r = 0.119, p < 0.001), HDL-C (r = − 0.374, p < 0.001), FBG (r = 0.297, p < 0.001), and HbA1c (r = 0.116, p < 0.001) in patients with T2DM. The binary logistic regression analysis found that TyG-BMI was an independent factor for albuminuria (OR = 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001– 1.008, p = 0.010) and CKD (OR = 1.005, 95% CI: 1.001– 1.008, p = 0.005) in patients with T2DM respectively.Conclusion: The study suggests that TyG-BMI is associated with kidney impairment in patients with T2DM. Given that TyG-BMI is a novel parameter of insulin resistance, the study results indicates that clinicians should pay close attention to screening for kidney impairment in T2DM patients with insulin resistance.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, TyG-BMI, insulin resistance, kidney impairment

Abstract Aim The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum miR-4534 combined with Transvaginal Color Doppler Ultrasound (TVCDS) in cervical cancer patients. Methods Blood samples from 126 patients with cervical cancer and 83 patients with benign uterine lesions were retrospectively analyzed. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to examine the relative abundances of serum miR-4534 in cervical cancer based on a case–control study. Chi-square test was adopted to analyze the association between serum miR-4534 and other clinicopathological factors. The blood flow of cervix was examined using TVCDS, and the blood flow resistance index (RI) of cervix was summarized. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to explore the diagnostic capacity of serum miR-4534 combined with blood flow RI. Logistic regression was employed to analyze the risk factors of cervical cancer. Results Serum miR-4534 was distinctly increased in the study group compared with the control group (P

Junyi Li,1,2,&ast; Zugui Wu,3,&ast; Bin Lu,2,&ast; Congcong Li,1 Shuai Wang,1 Jiahao Zhang,1 Xingxing Shen,1 Ruian Xiang,1 Jiahao Chen,1 Tao Jiang,1 Chuanxi Zhao,1 Wengang Liu,1 Xuemeng Xu1 1Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Osteoarthropathy II, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xuemeng Xu; Wengang Liu, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 60 Hengfu Road, Guangzhou, 510030, People’s Republic of China, Email xuxuemeng@163.com; 914194079@qq.comPurpose: Our study aims to evaluate differences in muscle parameters of the quadriceps muscles in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in older adults.Methods: The study included 40 patients diagnosed with unilateral knee osteoarthritis in the KOA group (KG) and 40 asymptomatic elderly individuals in the control group (CG). Muscle ultrasonic mean echo intensity and shear modulus, as well as tone and stiffness of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis (VL) were analyzed. Additionally, clinical correlations were performed.Results: In the KG group, there were significant differences in echo intensity, shear modulus, and tone between the affected and unaffected sides for RF (p=0.003, 0.019, 0.014), while VM showed significant differences in shear modulus and tone (p=0.006, 0.002). Additionally, VL exhibited significant differences in echo intensity, shear modulus, and stiffness (p=0.007, 0.006, 0.010). Compared to the CG group, the KG group showed significant differences in echo intensity of the affected side RF (p=0.001). VM exhibited statistically significant differences in echo intensity and shear modulus (p < 0.001, p=0.008), while VL showed statistically significant differences in echo intensity, tone, and stiffness (p < 0.001, p=0.028, p < 0.001). The correlation results showed that patients with unilateral KOA, VM, and VL echo intensity were correlated with K-L grade (r = 0.443, p=0.004; r = 0.469, p=0.002). The tone of VL was correlated with VAS and WOMAC (r = 0.327, p=0.039; r = 0.344, p=0.030).Conclusion: The parameters of the quadriceps femoris muscle exhibit asymmetry between the affected and unaffected sides in patients with unilateral KOA, as well as a difference between the dominant side of healthy older individuals and the affected side of KOA.Keywords: knee osteoarthritis, quadriceps femoris, ultrasound, muscle tone, stiffness

Abstract The lip-splitting approach enables excellent access to all areas of the mouth and pharynx to remove tumors; however, traditional lower lip-splitting incisions produce an unsatisfactory scar. To achieve better functional and aesthetic results, we used a Z-shaped incision and compared the functional and aesthetic outcomes of the straight and Z-shaped incisions. Sixty patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups and underwent lip-splitting between March 2021 and September 2023. Eventually, 77 patients were reviewed within 6 months and evaluated using the lip function assessment scale, patient and observer scar assessment scale, naïve observer scar assessment scale, and a clinical examination. The Z-shaped incision group performed better in terms of the lip pout movement at 3 months and in the subjective overall opinion, color, irregularity, and pigmentation at 6 months. The Z-shaped incision group had a lower incidence of notched vermilion. In conclusion, Z-shaped lower lip-splitting incisions have better functional and aesthetic outcomes than traditional straight incisions. Trial registration: Public title: Difference between the effect of Z-shaped and vertical incisions of labiobuccal flap on the recovery of lower lip scars. Registration date: 09/03/2021. Registration number: ChiCTR2100044084. Registry URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn .

Objective Bench test is a primary technical means for studying the performance of high-speed EMU (electric multiple units) axle box bearings. Accurately simulating the practical operational load conditions of axle box bearings is essential for obtaining authentic and reliable performance data. A test bench for axle box bearings is reasonably designed to simulate the high-speed, heavy-load operational conditions. Control strategies for radial and axial loading mechanisms are developed to meet the requirements for control precision and response speed of the loading system. Method A dynamic loading system with electro-hydraulic servo is designed for the high-speed EMU axle box bearing reliability test bench. The structural composition and working principles of the axial and radial loading systems within this setup are introduced and a fuzzy-PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control algorithm is proposed. The axle box bearing reliability analysis test bench is constructed to conduct loading performance tests and axle box bearing reliability testing, thereby validating the rationality of the dynamic loading system. Result & Conclusion Test results indicate that the designed electro-hydraulic servo dynamic loading system meets the loading requirements for axle box bearing reliability test. The axial loading response time is 0.276 s, the axial loading steady-state error is 0.339 kN, and the radial loading steady-state error is 1.742 kN, all of which satisfy requirements specified in the EN 12082:2017 standards.

Abstract. Iron is indispensable for the viablility of nearly all living organisms, and it is imperative for cells, tissues, and organisms to acquire this essential metal sufficiently and maintain its metabolic stability for survival. Disruption of iron homeostasis can lead to the development of various diseases. There is a robust connection between iron metabolism and infection, immunity, inflammation, and aging, suggesting that disorders in iron metabolism may contribute to the pathogenesis of arthritis. Numerous studies have focused on the significant role of iron metabolism in the development of arthritis and its potential for targeted drug therapy. Targeting iron metabolism offers a promising approach for individualized treatment of arthritis. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which the body maintains iron metabolism and the impacts of iron and iron metabolism disorders on arthritis. Furthermore, this review aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets and active substances related to iron metabolism, which could provide promising research directions in this field.

Abstract Background and purpose Various deep learning auto-segmentation (DLAS) models have been proposed, some of which have been commercialized. However, the issue of performance degradation is notable when pretrained models are deployed in the clinic. This study aims to enhance precision of a popular commercial DLAS product in rectal cancer radiotherapy by localized fine-tuning, addressing challenges in practicality and generalizability in real-world clinical settings. Materials and methods A total of 120 Stage II/III mid-low rectal cancer patients were retrospectively enrolled and divided into three datasets: training (n = 60), external validation (ExVal, n = 30), and generalizability evaluation (GenEva, n = 30) datasets respectively. The patients in the training and ExVal dataset were acquired on the same CT simulator, while those in GenEva were on a different CT simulator. The commercial DLAS software was first localized fine-tuned (LFT) for clinical target volume (CTV) and organs-at-risk (OAR) using the training data, and then validated on ExVal and GenEva respectively. Performance evaluation involved comparing the LFT model with the vendor-provided pretrained model (VPM) against ground truth contours, using metrics like Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), 95th Hausdorff distance (95HD), sensitivity and specificity. Results LFT significantly improved CTV delineation accuracy (p

Abstract [Objective] WRKY is one of the plant specific transcription factor families, involved in various plant life activities. However, currently there are few reports related to the WRKY70 gene in strawberry. Analyzing the role of WRKY70 homologous genes in strawberry in response to stress will help accelerate the application of molecular breeding technology and cultivate new strawberry germplasm resources. [Methods] The FaWRKY70 gene was cloned from ‘Benihoppe’ strawberry fruits using homologous cloning method. Its conserved domain, physicochemical properties, protein structure, and evolutionary relationship were analyzed using bioinformatics. Expression pattern analysis was performed using qRT-PCR. [Results] The FaWRKY70 gene had a length of 1 020 bp and encodes 339 amino acids. Homologous gene alignment revealed that FaWRKY70 had a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity with species in the same family such as apple and peony. The homologous genes were mostly related to plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress, suggesting that FaWRKY70 may be involved in resistance to stress. FaWRKY70 was expressed in different organs of strawberry, with significant differences. The expression level was highest in flowers and lowest in fruits. Under salicylic acid treatment, the FaWRKY70 gene was quickly responded, reaching its highest expression level after 3 hours, and gradually decreased thereafter. Under the treatment with methyl jasmonate, the FaWRKY70 gene showed a slight degree of induction and an overall downward trend. [Conclusion] FaWRKY70 is involved in growth and hormone signal transduction through different response modes in strawberry.

Population aging has become an inevitable trend and exerted profound influences on socio-economic development in China. In this study, we utilized data from national population census and statistical yearbooks in 2010 and 2020 to explore spatio-temporal patterns of aging population and its coupling correlations with socio-economic factors from both global and local perspectives. The results from Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) uncover notable spatial disparities in aging population rates, with higher rates concentrated in the eastern regions and lower rates in the western areas of the Chinese mainland. The results from the global correlation analysis with the changes in aging population rates show significant positive correlations with government interventions and industrial structures, but negatively correlated with economic development, social consumption, and medical facilities. From a local perspective, a Geographically Weighted (GW) correlation analysis is employed to uncover local correlations between aging trends and socio-economic factors. The insights gained from this technique not only underscore the complexity and diversity of economic implications stemming from population aging, but also provide invaluable guidance for crafting region-specific economic policies tailored to various stages of population aging.

Abstract [Objective] The study aims to investigate the soil seed bank and seedling regeneration characteristics of Amygdalus ledebouriana in Xinjiang, and to explore the limiting factors affecting the population regeneration of A . ledebouriana. [Methods] A . ledebouriana in the Ta􀆳e Basin of Xinjiang was used as the research object, and the soil seed bank and seedling regeneration were studied by means of field plot investigation, soil sample collection, and seedling number and grade statistics under the mother plant. [Results] (1) The average density of seeds in the soil seed bank of A . ledebouriana was 96.45 m2. The complete seed density of the Tuoli population was the highest, and the density of seeds eaten by the Yumin population was the highest, while the insect-eaten seeds only appeared in the Tacheng population. (2) The seeds of A . ledebouriana were mainly distributed in the litter layer, accounting for 56.29% of the total seeds, S2 (0-5 cm) soil layer accounted for 29.07%, and S3 (5-10 cm) soil layer accounted for 14.65%. The horizontal diffusion distance of soil seeds was proportional to the slope of A . ledebouriana. (3) No seedlings were found in the investigated A . ledebouriana seedlings. Grade Ⅰ seedlings accounted for 51.12% of the total number of seedlings. A . ledebouriana seedlings were concentrated in the range of 50 cm from the base of the mother plant. [Conclusion] The distribution characteristics of soil seed bank of A . ledebouriana is near the mother plant and the surface, and the characteristics of seedling regeneration is also near the mother plant distribution. Under natural conditions, gnawed seeds, insect-infested seeds, and niche loss are the main reasons why A . ledebouriana seedlings cannot germinate and the regeneration of seedlings is limited.

Highlights An overview of advanced materials for NH3 capture from the aspects of interaction sites and transport pathways is presented. The classifications, working principles, design ideas and structure–property relationships on materials for NH3 capture are discussed in detail. The challenges and encouraging outlooks with worthwhile directions for NH3 capture are proposed.

Luxun Yang,1,&ast; Haiying Ran,2,&ast; Yaru Yin,1 Jing Liu,1 Binghui Lu,1 Xi Ran,3 Shenglin Luo,1 Weidong Wang,4 Zhangyou Yang,5 Rong Li1 1Institute of Combined Injury, National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Department of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China; 2Biomedical Analysis Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China; 5Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhangyou Yang, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China, Email yangzhangyou@cqmu.edu.cn Rong Li, Army Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13883996627, Fax +8623-68753127, Email lrong361@126.comPurpose: Mitochondrial oxidative stress is an important factor in cell apoptosis. Cerium oxide nanomaterials show great potential for scavenging free radicals and simulating superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. To solve the problem of poor targeting of cerium oxide nanomaterials, we designed albumin-cerium oxide nanoclusters (TPP-PCNLs) that target the modification of mitochondria with triphenyl phosphate (TPP). TPP-PCNLs are expected to simulate the activity of superoxide dismutase, continuously remove reactive oxygen species, and play a lasting role in radiation protection.Methods: First, cerium dioxide nanoclusters (CNLs), polyethylene glycol cerium dioxide nanoclusters (PCNLs), and TPP-PCNLs were characterized in terms of their morphology and size, ultraviolet spectrum, dispersion stability and cellular uptake, and colocalization Subsequently, the anti-radiation effects of TPP-PCNLs were investigated using in vitro and in vivo experiments including cell viability, apoptosis, comet assays, histopathology, and dose reduction factor (DRF).Results: TPP-PCNLs exhibited good stability and biocompatibility. In vitro experiments indicated that TPP-PCNLs could not only target mitochondria excellently but also regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS)levels in whole cells. More importantly, TPP-PCNLs improved the integrity and functionality of mitochondria in irradiated L-02 cells, thereby indirectly eliminating the continuous damage to nuclear DNA caused by mitochondrial oxidative stress. TPP-PCNLs are mainly targeted to the liver, spleen, and other extramedullary hematopoietic organs with a radiation dose reduction factor of 1.30. In vivo experiments showed that TPP-PCNLs effectively improved the survival rate, weight change, hematopoietic function of irradiated animals. Western blot experiments have confirmed that TPP-PCNLs play a role in radiation protection by regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.Conclusion: TPP-PCNLs play a radiologically protective role by targeting extramedullary hematopoietic organ-liver cells and mitochondria to continuously clear ROS.Keywords: radioprotective effect, ceria nanoclusters, mitochondria targeting, oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase

Beef is rich in nutrients and is one of the favored meats among consumers. Market price, consumer willingness to buy and satisfaction are affected by the quality of beef, so it is important to test the quality of beef. At present, traditional beef quality testing methods have the problems of time-consuming, sample damage and complex operation. Recently, non-destructive testing technology has been widely used in beef quality testing because of its advantages of rapidity, high efficiency, non-destructive and environment-friendly. This paper summarises the progress of non-destructive testing technology in beef quality analysis (sensory quality, nutritional quality and other quality), and systematically describes the principles of non-destructive testing techniques such as near-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, E-tongue and E-nose. The progress of non-destructive testing techniques in beef quality analysis within the last five years is discussed in detail. The existing problems of non-destructive testing technology in beef quality analysis are put forward, and the future application prospect is prospected. It hopes to provide a reference for the research and application of non-destructive testing technology for beef quality.

Abstract 3C-based methods have significantly advanced our understanding of 3D genome organization. However, it remains a formidable task to precisely capture long-range chromosomal interactions between individual loci, such as those between promoters and distal enhancers. Here, we present Methyltransferase Targeting-based chromosome Architecture Capture (MTAC), a method that maps the contacts between a target site (viewpoint) and the rest of the genome in budding yeast with high resolution and sensitivity. MTAC detects hundreds of intra- and inter-chromosomal interactions within nucleosome-depleted regions (NDRs) that cannot be captured by 4C, Hi-C, or Micro-C. By applying MTAC to various viewpoints, we find that (1) most long-distance chromosomal interactions detected by MTAC reflect tethering by the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), (2) genes co-regulated by methionine assemble into inter-chromosomal clusters near NPCs upon activation, (3) mediated by condensin, the mating locus forms a highly specific interaction with the recombination enhancer (RE) in a mating-type specific manner, and (4) correlation of MTAC signals among NDRs reveal spatial mixing and segregation of the genome. Overall, these results demonstrate MTAC as a powerful tool to resolve fine-scale long-distance chromosomal interactions and provide insights into the 3D genome organization.

Shaohua Tan,1,&ast; Xiangchen Li,2,&ast; Bing Lu,1,3 Yibin Lin,3 Yunxiang Cai,1 Jie He,4 Sisi Chen,2 Junli Gao,2 Junshun Gao,2 Xinhua Qiang1 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310020, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xinhua Qiang, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, No. 158 Back Square Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People’s Republic of China, Email qiangxinhua@zjhu.edu.cnAbstract: Carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) pose a significant threat to public health, causing gastroenteritis and invasive infections. We report the first emergence of a carbapenem-resistant S. enterica serovar London strain, A132, carrying the blaNDM-5 gene in China. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis assigned A132 to be ST155, a multidrug-resistant clone frequently reported in China. The strain A132 exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, with 20 acquired antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) identified, predominantly located on the IncFIB plasmid (pA132-1-NDM). Notably, the blaNDM-5 gene was located within an IS 26 flanked-class 1 integron-ISCR1 complex, comprising two genetic cassettes. One cassette is the class 1 integron, which may facilitate the transmission of the entire complex, while the other is the blaNDM-5-containing ISCR1-IS 26-flanked cassette, carrying multiple other ARGs. Genbank database search based on the blaNDM-5-carrying cassette identified a similar genetic context found in transmissible IncFIA plasmids from Escherichia coli (p91) and Enterobacter hormaechei (p388) with a shared host range, suggesting the potential for cross-species transmission of blaNDM-5. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Salmonella serovar London ST155 harboring blaNDM-5 gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship between A132 and eight S. London ST155 strains isolated from the same province. However, A132 differed by carrying the blaNDM-5 gene and four unique ARGs. Given the high transmissibility of the F-type plasmid harboring blaNDM-5 and 18 other ARGs, it is imperative to implement vigilant surveillance and adopt appropriate infection control measures to mitigate the threat to public health.Keywords: blaNDM-5, Salmonella London, ST155, carbapenem resistance, IncFIB, integron

Abstract Background Survival prediction using high-dimensional molecular data is a hot topic in the field of genomics and precision medicine, especially for cancer studies. Considering that carcinogenesis has a pathway-based pathogenesis, developing models using such group structures is a closer mimic of disease progression and prognosis. Many approaches can be used to integrate group information; however, most of them are single-model methods, which may account for unstable prediction. Methods We introduced a novel survival stacking method that modeled using group structure information to improve the robustness of cancer survival prediction in the context of high-dimensional omics data. With a super learner, survival stacking combines the prediction from multiple sub-models that are independently trained using the features in pre-grouped biological pathways. In addition to a non-negative linear combination of sub-models, we extended the super learner to non-negative Bayesian hierarchical generalized linear model and artificial neural network. We compared the proposed modeling strategy with the widely used survival penalized method Lasso Cox and several group penalized methods, e.g., group Lasso Cox, via simulation study and real-world data application. Results The proposed survival stacking method showed superior and robust performance in terms of discrimination compared with single-model methods in case of high-noise simulated data and real-world data. The non-negative Bayesian stacking method can identify important biological signal pathways and genes that are associated with the prognosis of cancer. Conclusions This study proposed a novel survival stacking strategy incorporating biological group information into the cancer prognosis models. Additionally, this study extended the super learner to non-negative Bayesian model and ANN, enriching the combination of sub-models. The proposed Bayesian stacking strategy exhibited favorable properties in the prediction and interpretation of complex survival data, which may aid in discovering cancer targets.

Retinoblastoma is a kind of malignant eye tumor commonly seen in children, which is one of the main causes threatening children's vision and life. The diagnosis and evaluation of retinoblastoma has always been a hot topic in clinic. In the past few years, the application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology has made significant progress in the medical field, providing new opportunities and challenges for the diagnosis and treatment of retinoblastoma, for example, the use of AI algorithms to analyze massive clinical data, which can help doctors diagnose the disease more accurately and provide personalized treatment plans. In addition, AI technology also plays an important role in medical image analysis, genomics research and other aspects, which can help the development of new drugs and improve patient prognosis. This article reviews the application progress of AI in retinoblastoma.

PurposeTo explore the relationship between parenting styles and self-concept, emotional intelligence, and subjective well-being among primary school students.MethodsIn total, 1,683 students from 10 primary schools in Hangzhou, China, were surveyed using a simple random sampling method. Participants completed the Parenting Style Scale, the Self-Concept Scale, the Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Subjective Well-Being Scale.Results(1) Father’s and mother’s emotional warmth was significantly positively correlated with students’ subjective well-being (r = 0.513, p

BackgroundWith an increasing number of digital health apps available in app stores, it is important to assess these technologies reliably regarding their quality. This is done to mitigate the risks associated with their use. There are many different guidelines, methods, and metrics available to assess digital health apps with regard to their quality. ObjectiveThis study aimed to give a holistic summary of the current methods and “condition agnostic” frameworks that are broadly applicable for the quality assessment of all digital health apps. MethodsA systematic search of literature was conducted on 4 databases: Scopus, PubMed, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore. We followed the PICOS (Population, Patient, or Problem; Intervention; Comparison; Outcomes; and Study Design) and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodologies when conducting this umbrella review. The search was conducted on January 26, 2024, for review articles published between 2018 and 2023. We identified 4781 candidate papers for inclusion; after title and abstract screening, 39 remained. After full-text analysis, we included 15 review articles in the full review. ResultsOf the 15 review articles, scoping reviews were the most common (n=6, 40%), followed by systematic reviews (n=4, 27%), narrative reviews (n=4, 27%), and a rapid review (n=1, 7%). A total of 4 (27%) review articles proposed assessment criteria for digital health apps. “Data privacy and/or security” was the most mentioned criterion (n=13, 87%) and “Cost” was the least mentioned criterion (n=1, 7%) for the assessment of digital health apps. The Mobile App Rating Scale was the most frequently used framework for quality assessment of digital health apps. ConclusionsThere is a lack of unity or consolidation across identified frameworks, as most do not meet all the identified criteria from the reviewed articles. Safety concerns associated with the use of digital health apps may be mitigated with the use of quality frameworks.

Some transcription factors (TFs) can form liquid–liquid phase separated (LLPS) condensates. However, the functions of these TF condensates in 3-Dimentional (3D) genome organization and gene regulation remain elusive. In response to methionine (met) starvation, budding yeast TF Met4 and a few co-activators, including Met32, induce a set of genes involved in met biosynthesis. Here, we show that the endogenous Met4 and Met32 form co-localized puncta-like structures in yeast nuclei upon met depletion. Recombinant Met4 and Met32 form mixed droplets with LLPS properties in vitro. In relation to chromatin, Met4 puncta co-localize with target genes, and at least a subset of these target genes is clustered in 3D in a Met4-dependent manner. A MET3pr-GFP reporter inserted near several native Met4-binding sites becomes co-localized with Met4 puncta and displays enhanced transcriptional activity. A Met4 variant with a partial truncation of an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) shows less puncta formation, and this mutant selectively reduces the reporter activity near Met4-binding sites to the basal level. Overall, these results support a model where Met4 and co-activators form condensates to bring multiple target genes into a vicinity with higher local TF concentrations, which facilitates a strong response to methionine depletion.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with high incidence and poor survival rates. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) technology has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment, inducing oxidative stress in malignant tissues without causing thermal damage. However, the role of CAP in regulating lung cancer cell ferroptosis remains unclear. Here, we observed that CAP effectively suppressed the growth and migration abilities of lung cancer cells, with significantly increased ferroptotic cell death, lipid peroxidation, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Mechanistically, CAP regulates SLC7A11-mediated cell ferroptosis by modulating HOXB9. SLC7A11, a potent ferroptosis suppressor, was markedly reduced by HOXB9 knockdown, while it was enhanced by overexpressing HOXB9. The luciferase and ChIP assays confirmed that HOXB9 can directly target SLC7A11 and regulate its gene transcription. Additionally, CAP enhanced the acetylation modification level of HOXB9 by promoting its interaction with acetyltransferase p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF). Acetylated HOXB9 affects its protein ubiquitination modification level, which in turn affects its protein stability. Notably, the upregulation of SLC7A11 and HOXB9 mitigated the suppressive effects of CAP on ferroptosis status, cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, animal models have also confirmed that CAP can inhibit the progression of lung cancer in vivo. Overall, this study highlights the significance of the downregulation of the HOXB9/SLC7A11 axis by CAP treatment in inhibiting lung cancer, offering novel insights into the potential mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of CAP for lung cancer.

[Objective] To reveal the influences of slope gradient and rainfall intensity on the erosion and sediment yield characteristics of the colluvial deposits from Benggang, and to provide a scientific basis for soil and water loss prediction and control of the colluvial deposits in southern Guangxi. [Methods] The indoor experiment of simulated rainfall was carried out to investigate the erosion and sediment yield phocesses of colluvium slope under different slope gradients (15°, 20°, 25°) and rainfall intensities (60, 90, 120 mm/h). [Results] The results showed that the variation processes of the erosion rate of the colluvium were relatively stable, and the erosion rate was mostly lower than 5.0 g/(m2·s), and showed a certain downward trend when the rainfall intensity was 60 mm/h under different slope conditions. While, the erosion rate fluctuated to increase first, and then decreased under the rainfall intensity of 90 to 120 mm/h. The maximum erosion rate during each rainfall increased with the increase of rainfall intensity and slope gradient, and the maximum erosion rate occurred within 0 to 25 min and tended to advance with the increase of slope gradient. The sediment yield amount (from 3.64 to 48.07 kg/m2) increased with the increase of rainfall intensity and slope gradient, and the nonlinear regression result (a power function) between the sediment yield amount and rainfall intensity and slope gradient was better than the linear regression result. The correlation between sediment yield amount and the interaction of slope gradient and rainfall intensity was the most significant and showed a high-significant linear function relationship. [Conclusion] The sensitivity coefficient of the sediment yield amount to rainfall intensity was higher than that to slope gradient, and the influence of rainfall intensity on sediment yield was stronger than slope gradient. gradient Slope drainage measures should be taken in the prevention and control of colluvial deposit erosion.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers in the world, which is frequently diagnosed at a late stage. HCC patients have a poor prognosis due to the lack of an efficacious therapeutic strategy. Approved drug repurposing is a way for accelerating drug discovery and can significantly reduce the cost of drug development. Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor, which is highly efficacious against multiple myeloma and has been reported to possess potential antitumor activities against multiple cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of CFZ on HCC is still unclear. Here, we show that CFZ inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells through cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and suppresses the migration and invasion of HCC cells by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We also find that CFZ promotes reactive oxygen species production to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activate JNK/p38 MAPK signaling in HCC cells, thus inducing cell death in HCC cells. Moreover, CFZ significantly inhibits HCC cell growth in a xenograft mouse model. Collectively, our study elucidates that CFZ impairs mitochondrial function and activates ER stress and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling, thus inhibiting HCC cell and tumor growth. This indicates that CFZ has the potential as a therapeutic drug for HCC.

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder （AUD） is a common chronic and relapsing psychiatric disorders. Identifying severe AUD early and intervening promptly is crucial to prevent irreversible harm. Currently， the assessment of AUD severity primarily relies on psychiatric examination by clinicians， and there is limited research on the factors influencing AUD severity and the development of prediction models.ObjectiveTo analyze the factors influencing AUD severity， and construct a risk prediction model to aid in the assessment of disease progression in AUD patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 1 358 first-time hospitalized patients admitted to Nanning Fifth People's Hospital from January 1， 2017 to December 31， 2022. These patients met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria for AUD. Basic patient data was collected， and the patients were divided into two groups based on disease severity： mild-moderate group （n=330） and severe group （n=1 028）. The patients were randomly divided into training and test sets in a 7∶3 ratio. A Logistic regression model was constructed in the training set， and the predictive ability of the model for disease severity was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve in the test set.ResultsCompared with the mild-moderate group， the severe group had a higher proportion of patients living in urban areas （χ2=7.804）， were farmers （χ2=17.991）， had a higher frequency of alcohol consumption （more than 1 to 2 drinks/day） （χ2=35.267）， had a higher age at first drinking （t=-3.858）， had a greater number of comorbid somatic disorders （Z=-22.782）， and had higher proportions of γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase （χ2=259.940） and total bilirubin abnormalities （χ2=148.552） （P

Abstract Background pOsNAR2.1:OsNAR2.1 expression could significantly increase nitrogen uptake efficiency and grain yield of rice. Result This study reported the effects of overexpression of OsNAR2.1 by OsNAR2.1 promoter on physiological and agronomic traits associated with drought tolerance. In comparison to the wild-type (WT), the pOsNAR2.1:OsNAR2.1 transgenic lines exhibited a significant improvement in survival rate when subjected to drought stress and then irrigation. Under limited water supply conditions, compared with WT, the photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) of transgenic lines were increased by 39.2% and 28.8%, respectively. Finally, the transgenic lines had 25.5% and 66.4% higher grain yield than the WT under full watering and limited water supply conditions, respectively. Compared with the WT, the agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of transgenic lines increased by 25.5% and 66.4% under full watering and limited water supply conditions, and the N recovery efficiency of transgenic lines increased by 29.3% and 50.2%, respectively. The interaction between OsNAR2.1 protein and OsPLDα1 protein was verified by yeast hybrids. After drought treatment, PLDα activity on the plasma membrane of the transgenic line increased 85.0% compared with WT. Conclusion These results indicated that pOsNAR2.1:OsNAR2.1 expression could improve the drought resistance of rice by increasing nitrogen uptake and regulating the expression of OsPLDα1.

Abstract Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a fatal haematopoietic malignancy and is treated with the conventional combination of cytarabine (Ara-C) and daunorubicin (Dau). The survival rate of AML patients is lower due to the cardiotoxicity of daunorubicin. Clinically, homoharringtonine (HHT) plus Ara-C has been reported to be equally effective as Dau plus Ara-C in some types of AML patients with less toxic effects. We utilized the clinical use of homoharringtonine in combination with Ara-C to test its combination mechanism. We found that the insensitivity of AML cells to cytarabine-induced apoptosis is associated with increased Mcl-1 stability and p38 inactivation. HHT downregulates Mcl-1, phosphorylates H2AX and induces apoptosis by activating p38 MAPK. Inactivation of p38 through inhibitors and siRNA blocks apoptosis, H2AX phosphorylation and Mcl-1 reduction. HHT enhances Ara-C activation of the p38 MAPK signalling pathway, overcoming Ara-C tolerance to cell apoptosis by regulating the p38/H2AX/Mcl-1 axis. The optimal ratio of HHT to Ara-C for synergistic lethality in AML cells is 1:4 (M/M). HHT synergistically induces apoptosis in combination with Ara-C in vitro and prolongs the survival of xenografts. We provide a new mechanism for AML treatment by regulating the p38 MAPK/H2AX/Mcl-1 axis to improve cytarabine therapy.

Abstract Background Depressive episodes in adolescents are often accompanied by various physical symptoms, but few studies have explored the association between depression and fever, This case study is the first to report the relationship between unexplained recurrent high fever and depression. Case presentation H is a 15 year old adolescent female currently in junior year. 2 + months ago, H gradually felt depressed after a class change. Around the time, the patient suddenly developed chills with no obvious trigger and fever. H was treated with anti-infective and anti-viral treatments all of which did not show significant improvement. No significant abnormality was seen in any of the related examinations. Considering that the patient’s anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms were obvious during the course of the disease, she was given venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsule 75 mg/d; tandospirone citrate capsule 10 mg Bid; alprazolam tablets 0.4 mg qn to improve mood and sleep; supplemented with transcranial repetitive magnetic stimulation therapy 2 times/d; visible light therapy 1 time/d and psychological counseling once. Over the 6 days of treatment, the patient’s body temperature gradually returned to the normal range and her mood improved significantly. Conclusion Depression should be considered a potential cause of unexplained recurrent fevers in adolescents, even when the temperature is significantly outside the normal range.

Abstract Objective To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI ) and the severity of tic disorders (TDs) in children 6–14 years old. Methods A total of 86 children diagnosed with TDs in a hospital between Jan. 2023 and Sept. 2023 were collected by convenient sampling method, and the general data and TD-specific data were collected and analyzed. Results Univariate analysis showed that patients with different Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) grades had statistically significant differences in age, BMI, residence, snacking pattern, weekly physical exercise frequency, weekly physical exercise time, and proportion of cesarean birth. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the YGTSS score grades were related to BMI, snacking pattern, and cesarean birth of the patients. Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between BMI grades and the YGTSS score grades, with a higher BMI indicating more severe TDs. Predictive value evaluation showed that BMI, snacking pattern, and cesarean birth had predictive values for TD severity, and the highest value was found in the combined prediction. Conclusion BMI, snacking pattern, and cesarean birth are of predictive values for the severity of TDs. In addition, BMI is positively correlated with the severity of TDs, and a higher BMI suggests more severe TDs.

Abstract Seawater electrolysis offers a renewable, scalable, and economic means for green hydrogen production. However, anode corrosion by Cl- pose great challenges for its commercialization. Herein, different from conventional catalysts designed to repel Cl- adsorption, we develop an atomic Ir catalyst on cobalt iron layered double hydroxide (Ir/CoFe-LDH) to tailor Cl- adsorption and modulate the electronic structure of the Ir active center, thereby establishing a unique Ir-OH/Cl coordination for alkaline seawater electrolysis. Operando characterizations and theoretical calculations unveil the pivotal role of this coordination state to lower OER activation energy by a factor of 1.93. The Ir/CoFe-LDH exhibits a remarkable oxygen evolution reaction activity (202 mV overpotential and TOF = 7.46 O2 s−1) in 6 M NaOH+2.8 M NaCl, superior over Cl--free 6 M NaOH electrolyte (236 mV overpotential and TOF = 1.05 O2 s−1), with 100% catalytic selectivity and stability at high current densities (400-800 mA cm−2) for more than 1,000 h.

Abstract Our objective is to develop a prognostic model focused on cuproptosis, aimed at predicting overall survival (OS) outcomes among Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The model utilized machine learning algorithms incorporating stacking. The GSE37642 dataset was used as the training data, and the GSE12417 and TCGA-LAML cohorts were used as the validation data. Stacking was used to merge the three prediction models, subsequently using a random survival forests algorithm to refit the final model using the stacking linear predictor and clinical factors. The prediction model, featuring stacking linear predictor and clinical factors, achieved AUC values of 0.840, 0.876 and 0.892 at 1, 2 and 3 years within the GSE37642 dataset. In external validation dataset, the corresponding AUCs were 0.741, 0.754 and 0.783. The predictive performance of the model in the external dataset surpasses that of the model simply incorporates all predictors. Additionally, the final model exhibited good calibration accuracy. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the novel prediction model refines the prognostic prediction for AML patients, while the stacking strategy displays potential for model integration.

We employ sub-monolayer, pulsed Ag and Au vapor fluxes, along with deterministic growth simulations, and nanoscale probes to study structure formation in miscible Ag-Au films synthesized under far-from-equilibrium conditions. Our results show that nanoscale atomic arrangement is primarily determined by roughness build up at the film growth front, whereby larger roughness leads to increased intermixing between Ag and Au. These findings suggest a different structure formation pathway as compared to the immiscible Ag-Cu system for which the present study, in combination with previously published data, reveals that no significant roughness is developed, and the local atomic structure is predominantly determined by the tendency of Ag and Cu to phase-separate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sepsis is a syndrome that causes dysfunction of multiple organs due to the host's uncontrolled response to infection and is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in intensive care units worldwide. Surviving patients are often left with acute brain injury and long-term cognitive impairment, known as sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). In recent years, researchers have directed their focus towards the pathogenesis of SAE. However, due to the complexity of its development, there remains a lack of effective treatment measures that arise as a serious issue affecting the prognosis of sepsis patients. Further research on the possible causes of SAE aims to provide clinicians with potential therapeutic targets and help develop targeted prevention strategies. This paper aims to review recent research on the pathogenesis of SAE, in order to enhance our understanding of this syndrome.

Globally, lung cancer stands as the leading type of cancer in terms of incidence and is the major source of mortality attributed to cancer. We have outlined the molecular biomarkers for lung cancer that are available clinically. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) spread from the original location, circulate in the bloodstream, extravasate, and metastasize, forming secondary tumors by invading and establishing a favorable environment. CTC analysis is considered a common liquid biopsy method for lung cancer. We have enumerated both in vivo and ex vivo techniques for CTC separation and enrichment, examined the advantages and limitations of these methods, and also discussed the detection of CTCs in other bodily fluids. We have evaluated the value of CTCs, as well as CTCs in conjunction with other biomarkers, for their utility in the early detection and prognostic assessment of patients with lung cancer. CTCs engage with diverse cells of the metastatic process, interfering with the interaction between CTCs and various cells in metastasis, potentially halting metastasis and enhancing patient prognosis.

Focusing on the plasma wakes of hypersonic targets (PWHT), this work provides a method for the inversion of electron densities in the PWHT by integrating electromagnetic radiation theory and three-wave coupling theory (TWCT). Utilizing the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, taking a blunt cone as an example, the spatial distribution characteristics of electron densities in the plasma wake are simulated and analyzed in detail. The Zakharov system of equations (ZSE) is applied to the PWHT for the discussion about the electromagnetic radiation generated by plasma parametric instability. Combining the wavenumber spectrum of electromagnetic radiation and the TWCT, an inverse method of the electron densities of plasma wakes is proposed and applied to a blunt cone model. The results indicate that the inversion error rate is effectively held below 1.37 %. Furthermore, reasons for errors are elucidated through the utilization of the wavenumber spectrum structure. The proposed method may contribute to the development of hypersonic wake diagnostic techniques, and offer new insights and directions for wind tunnel experiments, shock tube experiments, as well as research on hypersonic target detection.

Abstract Silver/polymeric vesicle composite nanoparticles with good antibacterial properties were fabricated in this study. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared in situ on cross‐linked vesicle membranes through the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) via coordination bonding between the Ag+ ions and the nitrogen atoms on the vesicles. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐vis), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed the formation of AgNPs on the vesicles. The antibacterial test demonstrated good antibacterial activity against both Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram‐positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) for the produced AgNP‐decorated vesicles. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the AgNP‐decorated vesicles for E. coli and S. aureus were 8.4 and 9.6 μg/mL, respectively. Cell viability analysis on the A549 cells indicated that the toxicity was low when the AgNP concentrations did not exceed the MIC values, and the wound healing test confirmed the good antibacterial properties of the AgNP‐decorated vesicles.

ABSTRACT: Egg weight (EW) and age at first egg (AFE) are economically important traits in breeder chicken production. The genetic basis of these traits, however, is far from understood, especially for broiler breeders. In this study, genetic parameter estimation, genome-wide association analysis, meta-analysis, and selective sweep analysis were carried out to identify genetic loci associated with EW and AFE in 6,842 broiler breeders. The study found that the heritability of EW ranged from 0.42 to 0.44, while the heritability of AFE was estimated at 0.33 in the maternal line. Meta-analysis and selective sweep analysis identified two colocalized regions on GGA4 that significantly influenced EW at 32 wk (EW32W) and at 43 wk (EW43W) with both paternal and maternal lines. The genes AR, YIPF6, and STARD8 were located within the significant region (GGA4: 366.86-575.50 kb), potentially affecting EW through the regulation of follicle development, cell proliferation, and lipid transfer etc. The promising genes LCORL and NCAPG were positioned within the significant region (GGA4:75.35-75.42 Mb), potentially influencing EW through pleiotropic effects on growth and development. Additionally, 3 significant regions were associated with AFE on chromosomes GGA7, GGA19, and GGA27. All of these factors affected the AFE by influencing ovarian development. In our study, the genomic information from both paternal and maternal lines was used to identify genetic regions associated with EW and AFE. Two genomic regions and eight genes were identified as the most likely candidates affecting EW and AFE. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis of egg production traits in broiler breeders and provide new insights into future technology development.