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During pandemic the mode of sharing information with the multiple participants in physical mode is reduced, to overcome this the online mode of sharing information and discussions through webinars has been increased globally. In case of any misbehaviors from unidentified participants to stop the webinars, we need to identify the participant who is misusing the opportunity. So, we came with the idea of IP tracking. In this project we provide the option to monitor the unidentified participants and we can access the details of the participant such as IP Address. Through IP Address we can identify the participant and necessary action can be taken from the concerned authorities

Background: Parkinson's disease, according to the WHO, has a variety of non-motor side effects in addition to its motor symptoms (cognitive impairment, mental health disorders, pain, and other sensory disturbances). The progression of these symptoms and their implications affects functioning and quality of life greatly, resulting in high rates of impairment and care demands, as well as stress and strain on caregivers. Material & Methods: A total of 31 PD patients were included in this investigation. The Integrated Approach of Yoga Therapy was applied to all patients who met the inclusion criteria (IAYT). Parameters were taken twice, once on the day of admission and other when they were leaving the residence on completion of the program. Data was evaluated using a pre-test and post-test design. Dependent Variable: Pulse rate, Respiratory rate, Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Breath Holding time and BMI. Results: A total of 31 subjects participated in the study 31 subjects completed the study. After 21 days of integrated Yoga therapy program, it showed that significant reduction in (P< 0.05) in Systolic and diastolic Blood pressure, respiratory rate and significant improvement is seen in breath holding time (BHT), but there were no changes in BMI (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The three-week yoga programmed was able to dramatically enhance clinical results in Parkinson's disease and self-reported medication reduction without aggravating symptoms.

Background: People who have survived COVID-19 frequently complain of cognitive dysfunction, which has been described as brain fog. Early reports describing a dysexecutive syndrome after COVID-19 and has considerable implications for occupational, psychological, and functional outcomes. It is well known that elders may be particularly susceptible to cognitive impairment after critical illness. Trāṭaka (a yogīc cleansing technique) is one of the Yogā practices which is considered to improve cognitive functions. The objective of this study was to determine whether Trāṭaka practice enhances the cognitive functions of the post covid elderly subjects. Material and Methods: Thirty elders who had enrolled in a thirty days Trāṭaka practice program. Their age ranged between 60 and 80 years (group average ±S.D., 68.5±6.3 years). Those who have any chronic illness and mental illness, and those who are not willing to participate were excluded. Trāṭaka intervention is given for 30 days, 1hour/day. At baseline and following thirty days, all participants completed DLST and SLCT. Results: Trāṭaka intervention showed significant change in DLST scores, increase (P-value< 0.000) in total attempted score, significant increase (P-value

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filters provide precise frequency filtering in RF and IF range with a tiny footprint. Metallic thin films are the essence of such modern SAW filter technology. However, SAW filters realized using NiCr/Al thin films are limited to power levels of ~5 dBm at RF frequencies. This limitation on power level is due to the acousto-migration phenomenon in thin films at higher power levels. In order to enhance the power durability of SAW filters, the preferred oriented growth of Al along (111) crystallographic direction is one of the methods to reduce acousto-migration. This paper explores the growth and characterization of different metallization schemes (NiCr/Al & Ti/Al) on different piezoelectric wafers to achieve oriented Al (111) film growth. Metallic thin films were deposited using electron beam evaporation technique. High Resolution X-Ray Diffraction (HR-XRD) and Four Point Probe Method were used for crystallographic characterization and Sheet Resistance (SR) measurement, respectively. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and surface profiler were used to characterize the surface morphology of the deposited films. FWHM of 4.12 degree of rocking curve on Al (111) peak has been achieved for Ti/Al metal film deposited on ST-X Quartz piezoelectric wafer along with low sheet resistance of 124 mΩ/sq. A deposition rate of 1 Å/s for Ti and 7 Å/s for Al at a deposition temperature of 100 °C gave the best FWHM value for Al (111) orientation on ST-X Quartz wafer. Space qualification tests were also successfully performed on Ti/Al metalized wafers under extreme environmental conditions. The results obtained in this work demonstrate the suitability of Ti as an under layer to grow preferred oriented Al film along (111) orientation and thus to be used in the fabrication of high-power SAW devices for space applications.

BACKGROUND: In India, obesity is highly prevalent in women as compared to men. As the obesity epidemic spreads, there are growing concerns about efficient obesity management. Scientific studies have reported beneficial physiological changes after Suryanamaskar practice. As there are few studies on Suryanamaskar on Anthropometric variable, we conducted this study to determine the Effect of Suryanamaskar practice on Anthropometric Variable Among Middle Age Housewife. The aims of the study was to test the effect of Suryanamaskar practice onOBJECTIVE: anthropometric variables in middle age housewife. The 40 participants were subjectedMATERIALS AND METHODS: to a 30 days of only suryanamaskar practice intervention for a 45 minutes a day. The assessment was done 1st day prior to intervention and on the 30th day post intervention. Anthropometric parameters assessed were BMI, mid-arm circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist hip ratio. Significant reduction in BMI andRESULTS: waist circumferences. Moderate reduction in mid-arm circumferences, hip circumferences and waist hip ratio. Conclusion: The review presents that a 30 days Suryanamakar practice brings a change in body dynamics and reduces different anthropometric measurements in middle age house wife.

The Introduction of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (henceforth will be addressed as CAFE) regulations demand suitable technological upgrades to meet the significant increase in targets of vehicle fleet fuel economy. Engine Downsizing and Friction Reduction measures help in getting one step closer to the target. In a Conventional Oil Pump, the pump discharge flow and pressure are a direct function of operating speed. There is no control over lubricant flow which results in increased power and fuel consumption due to its unnecessary pumping characteristics irrespective of the actual engine demand. This paper discusses the introduction of a variable displacement oil pump (henceforth will be addressed as VDOP) that was adapted to a 1.5-liter 3 Cylinder Diesel Engine. This approach helps the system to reduce parasitic losses as the oil flow is regulated based on the mechanical needs of the engine. The flow is regulated with help of a solenoid valve which receives input from the ECU. The engine Oil Pump has a major role in enabling the transfer of lubricant to all moving engine components. The demand majorly depends on engine performance characteristics, bearing clearances, operating temperatures, and wear behavior of engine components. The paper explains the boundary conditions for VDOP design packaging, challenges in system adaptation, impact on engine lubrication circuit, performance, and friction reduction benefit.

Depression is a serious global health concern that, it may result in a loss of interest in everyday pursuits and suicidal thoughts. As a result, the necessity for a motorized system that assist in identifying melancholy in individuals across a range of age groups is becoming apparent. Experimenter have been searching as methods to accurately identify depression in order to detect it. Numerous investigations have been suggested in this context. In this work, we review a number of prior investigations that used AI and ML to identify misery. In addition, many methods for determining a person's mood and emotions are described. This study examines how emotions may be accurately detected and then depression can be indicated through facial expressions, photos, emotional chatbots, messages on social media sites and responses to the questions. This review article lists many machine learning techniques for identifying and diagnosing depression. The three classes of ML-based depression detection methods include classifications, deep learning, and ensemble. We outline an all-encompassing paradigm for diagnosing depression that comprises pre-processing, data extraction, ML classifier training, detection classification, and performance evaluation. Additionally, it provides a summary of the goals and restrictions of the various research papers that have been presented in the field of depression detection. Additionally, it covered potential directions for future research in the realm of diagnosing depression., {"references":["1.\tM. Deshpande, V. Rao, Depression detection using emotion artificial intelligence, in: 2017 international conference on intelligent sustainable systems (iciss), 2017, pp. 858-862.","2.\tA. Biradar, S.G. Totad, Detecting depression in social media posts using machine learning, International Conference on Recent Trends in Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Springer, Singapore, 2018, pp. 716–725.","3.\tD. Ramalingam, V. Sharma, P. Zar, Study of depression analysis using machine learning techniques, Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng. 8(7C2) (2019) 187-191.","4.\tMd R. Islam, A.K. Muhammad, A. Ahmed, A. Raihan M. Kamal, H. Wang, A. Ulhaq, Depression detection from social network data using machine learning techniques, Health Inform. Sci. Syst. 6(1) (2018) 1-12.","5.\tDe Choudhury M, Counts S, Horvitz E. Predicting postpar- tum changes in emotion and behavior via social media. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. New York: ACM; 2013.","6.\tB. O'Dea et al. Suicidality detection on Twitter. Internet Interaction. 2015;2(2):183–8.","7.\tGuangyao Shen, Jia Jia, Liqiang Nie, Fuli Feng, Cunjun Zhang, Tianrui Hu, Tat-Seng Chua, and Wenwu Zhusion Detection through Social Media: A Multimodal Dictionary Learning Solution,\"Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence\", (IJCAI-17).","8.\tSmys, S.; Raj, J.S. Analysis of Deep Learning Techniques for Early Detection of Depression on Social Media Network—A Comparative Study. J. Trends Comput. Sci. Smart Technol. (TCSST) 2021, 3, 24–39.","9.\tOrabi, A.H.; Buddhitha, P.; Orabi, M.H.; Inkpen, D. Deep learning for depression detection of twitter users. In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology: From Keyboard to Clinic, New Orleans, LA, USA, 5 June 2018; pp. 88–97.","10.\tKim, J.; Lee, D.; Park, E. Machine Learning for Mental Health in Social Media: Bibliometric Study. J. Med. Internet Res. 2021, 23, e24870. [CrossRef]"]}

Background: Fatigue represents a common complaint of patients with diabetes as it can be reported in up to 60% of patients, prominent in patients with type 2 diabetes. It is a major health problem, affects approximately 6% of the world's adult population, and is increasing in epidemic proportions. Evidence suggests that MSRT a yoga-based relaxation techniques significantly reduces anxiety, stress, fatigue and psychological distress. The aim of the study wasObjective: to study the effect of MSRT on fatigue levels among type-2 diabetes patients. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study with a pre-post design on 100 type-2 diabetes patients, were taught MSRT. Assessment were carried out on the 1 and 30 day of the program, using FSS, VAFS. Results: Significant reduction in fatigue levels in both FSS and VAFS respectively (p

Background: Radiation‑related caries is a complex destructive lesion leading to uncompromising damage of enamel and dentin in patients suffering from head and neck cancer managed with radiotherapy. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the permeability of enamel and to assess the morphological and chemical changes of teeth surface subjected to 6 MV photon beam irradiation. Materials and Methods: For this in vitro study, coronal portion of 20 premolars were sectioned mesiodistally into halves and then grouped into two. Samples in group 1 (control) were not subjected to cycles of irradiation and those in group 2 (experimental) were subjected to a cumulative uniform radiation dose of 70 Gray fractioned in 35 fractions with 6 MV photons. The silver nitrate penetration method was used to assess the change in permeability of enamel. The variations in surface topography and mineral content were assessed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‑ray analysis. Dye penetration scores of surface texture changes were compared between the two groups utilizing the Chi‑square test. The change in the elemental levels between enamel surfaces of the two groups was compared using an independent t‑test. Results: The application of 6 MV photon radiation did not change enamel permeability and surface topography. However, a noteworthy reduction in the carbon content (P = 0.002) was observed in teeth subjected to irradiation. Conclusions: Though radiation exposure did not alter the enamel permeability and surface topography, it had caused significant chemical compositional changes. Carbon content was significantly reduced in irradiated enamel samples.

Increasing human population, deforestation and man-made climate change are likely to exacerbate the negative effects on freshwater ecosystems and species endangerment. Consequently, the biodiversity of freshwater continues to dwindle at an alarming rate. However, this particular topic lacks sufficient attention from conservation ecologists and policymakers, resulting in a dearth of data and comprehensive reviews on freshwater biodiversity, specifically. Despite the widespread awareness of risks to freshwater biodiversity, organized action to reverse this decline has been lacking. This study reviews prospective conservation and management strategies for freshwater biodiversity and their associated challenges, identifying current key threats to freshwater biodiversity. Engineered nanomaterials pose a significant threat to aquatic species, and will make controlling health risks to freshwater biodiversity increasingly challenging in the future. When fish are exposed to nanoparticles, the surface area of their respiratory and ion transport systems can decline to 60% of their total surface area, posing serious health risks. Also, about 50% of freshwater fish species are threatened by climate change, globally. Freshwater biodiversity that is heavily reliant on calcium perishes when the calcium content of their environments degrades, posing another severe threat to world biodiversity. To improve biodiversity, variables such as species diversity, population and water quality, and habitat are essential components that must be monitored continuously. Existing research on freshwater biota and ecosystems is still lacking. Therefore, data collection and the establishment of specialized policies for the conservation of freshwater biodiversity should be prioritized.

There is actually an intense research in ethanol dry reforming because bioethanol and carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, can be converted into syngas and, in turn, into chemicals and energy such as dihydrogen (H2). Here we review dry reforming of ethanol with focus on thermodynamics, catalysts and effect of operating conditions. Noble metal-based catalysts typically exhibit both ethanol and CO2 conversions above 85% in the range of 923‒1073 K, yet the high cost of precious metals has restrained their potential applications. H2 yield of 90% and above is achieved at 1073 K or above due to the endothermic nature of ethanol dry reforming. Improving catalytic performance and inhibiting coke formation may be achieved by using bimetallic catalysts and other types of metal oxides.

Menstrual pain without organic pathology is considered to be primary dysmenorrhoea. Dysmenorrhoea refers to the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps of uterine origin. It is a common gynaecological condition with considerable morbidity affecting majority of the adolescent girls, yet which is under diagnosed and under treated. Yoga can be considered as a simple and safe management tool for Primary Dysmenorrhoea. Studies have reported the beneficial role of Yoga in alleviating the symptoms of Primary dysmenorrhoea; however, a validated Yoga module for Primary dysmenorrhoea is unavailable. This study developed and validated an integrated Yoga module (IYM) for Primary dysmenorrhoea. Methods: The IYM was prepared after a thorough review of classical Yoga texts and previous findings. Twenty experienced Yoga experts, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were selected validating the content of the IYM. A total of 38 practices were included in the IYM, and each practice was discussed and rated as (i) not essential, (ii) useful but not essential, and (iii) essential; the content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated using Lawshe’s formula. Results: Data analysis revealed that of the 38 IYM practices, 18 exhibited significant content validity (cut-off value: 0.42, as calculated by applying Lawshe’s formula for the CVR). Conclusion: The IYM is valid for Primary dysmenorrhoea, with good content validity. However, future studies must determine the feasibility and efficacy of the developed module.

Microalgal biomass has been proved to be a sustainable source for biofuels including bio-oil, biodiesel, bioethanol, biomethane, etc. One of the collateral benefits of integrating the use of microalgal technologies in the industry is microalgae's ability to capture carbon dioxide during the application and biomass production process and consequently reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Although microalgae are a feasible source of biofuel, industrial microalgae applications face energy and cost challenges. To overcome these challenges, researchers have been interested in applying the bio-refinery approach to extract the important components encapsulated in microalgae. This review discusses the key steps of microalgae-based biorefinery including cultivation and harvesting, cell disruption, biofuel and value-added compound extraction along with the detailed technologies associated with each step of biorefinery. This review found that suitable microalgae species are selected based on their carbohydrate, lipid and protein contents and selecting the suitable species are crucial for high-quality biofuel and value-added products production. Microalgae species contain carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in the range of 8% to 69.7%, 5% to 74% and 7% to 65% respectively which proved their ability to be used as a source of value-added commodities in multiple industries including agriculture, animal husbandry, medicine, culinary, and cosmetics. This review suggests that lipid and value-added products from microalgae can be made more economically viable by integrating upstream and downstream processes. Therefore, a systematically integrated genome sequencing and process-scale engineering approach for improving the extraction of lipids and co-products is critical in the development of future microalgal biorefineries.

The farm animal and meat processing industry generate waste, including manure, fat, blood, sludge, bones, and wastewater, which create environmental problems worldwide. The effluents generated by this industry are rich in proteins, lipids, fibres, and carbohydrates. All these pollutants have the potential to be used as a resource for energy recovery. The organic matters obtained from the farm animal and meat processing industry are critical sources for biogas production via anaerobic digestion. This process leads to the production of energy-rich biogas, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This study attempts to determine biogas amount and the energy value produced from the farm animal and meat processing industry in Australia. Australia's livestock population mainly consists of dairy cattle, meat cattle, sheep and lambs, pigs, layers, and meat chickens. Results show a potential biogas amount of 23,874,165 million m3 (Mm3), 215,670 Mm3, 288,228 Mm3, 18,430 Mm3, and 392,284 Mm3 can be obtained from cattle, lamb, sheep, pig, and poultry annually, respectively. The methane generated from slaughterhouse waste and wastewater is estimated to provide 4.52E+ 14 MJ/yr of heat energy with total electricity generation potential from livestock wastes of 4.4E+ 13 kWh/yr. About half of the electricity can be generated in Queensland State. Finally, the present study suggests farm animal and meat processing industry effluent as a potential sustainable energy source in Australia.

The utilisation of available renewable resources and mitigating their impact on the environment boosts sustainable development and helps to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Biogas is a renewable energy option produced through anaerobic digestion of wastes such as livestock excreta and slaughterhouse wastes. Biogas production is treated as one of the leading processes to combat climate change as well as a waste management strategy, especially for a developing country like Bangladesh. It is also vital in meeting future demand for energy utilising indigenous sources. Livestock farming is an important economic activity in rural areas of Bangladesh. Thus, the livestock waste production, estimated biogas generation capacity, electricity generation potential, greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potential, and estimated biofertiliser generation capacity of Bangladesh were determined for the financial year 2018-2019 in this study. The results show that Bangladesh had 486.77 million tons per year of animal waste products to produce 27,923.72 million m3/year biogas in 2018-2019. This biogas potential corresponds to a theoretical potential to produce a 512 PJ/year heating value and electric power of 50 TW h/year. Besides, about 29.232 million tons per year of organic fertiliser can be produced with the residues of the biogas plants. The findings of this study will contribute to guiding policymakers and governments who will concentrate on the use of animal waste in biogas industries and livestock farming as a potential bioenergy source to meet national energy demand.

To investigate the measurement reproducibility of the maximum diameter on MRI routine sequence (T1WI, T2WI, DWI) and CT in peripheral and central lung cancer, and to provide reference standard for evaluating treatment responses for lung cancer.53 patients with lung cancer underwent CT and 3.0T MR scanning. The maximum diameter was measured according to the RECIST1.1 standard on images of CT (lung and enhanced mediastinal window), MRI T2-BLADE, axial T1-VIBE and DWIb0, DWIb300, DWIb800, respectively. The reproducibility of the diameters was analyzed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and the distribution of measurement points with the Bland-Altman method. The difference analysis was assessed by paired samples t-test and nonparametric rank sum test, P 0.05 is considered statistically significant.Reproducibility of diameters derived from routine MRI and CT was good (ICC 0.75). For peripheral lung cancer, there was no significant difference in diameters between CT and MRI. While for central lung cancer, there was significant difference in diameters measured between using CT and each MRI sequence. However, the diameters derived from T1-VIBE and T2-BLADE were not significantly different from all DWI sequences.For peripheral lung cancer, the measurement on CT and routine MRI sequences can potentially replace each other after comprehensive consideration of examination purposes, but for central lung cancer, alternative use of CT and MRI in evaluating treatment responses for lung cancer should needs extra attention. The diameter measurement of lung cancer on DWI is consistent with that on T1WI and T2WI, suggesting that DWI can provide functional and morphological information.

Transient Receptor Potential channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) is a non selective cationic channel, identified initially as a cold sensory receptor. TRPA1 responds to diverse exogenous and endogenous stimuli associated with pain and inflammation. However, the role of TRPA1 towards T cell responses remains scanty. In this work, we explored the endogenous expression of TRPA1 in T cells. By RT-PCR we confirmed the expression of TRPA1 in T cell at RNA level. Using confocal microscopy as well as flow cytometry, we demonstrated that TRPA1 is endogenously expressed in primary murine splenic T cells as well as in primary human T cells. The endogenous expression of TRPA1 is confirmed by using another antibody. TRPA1 was primarily located at the cell surface. TRPA1-specific activator namely AITC increases intracellular Ca2+-levels while two different inhibitors namely A-967079 as well as HC-030031 reduce intracellular Ca2+-levels in T cells. Such Ca2+-influx can also be influenced by chelation of intracellular Ca2+ as well as extracellular Ca2+. TRPA1 expression was found to be increased during αCD3/αCD28 (TCR) or ConA driven stimulation in T cells. TRPA1-specific inhibitor treatment prevented induction of CD25, CD69 in ConA/TCR stimulated T cells and secretion of cytokines like TNF, IFN-γ and IL-2 suggesting that endogenous activity of TRPA1 may be involved in T cell activation. Collectively these results may have implication in T cell-mediated responses and possible role of TRPA1 in immunological disorders.

Objective The study was conducted to know the incidence and trends of orofacial clefts between 1st January 2011 and 31st August 2016 in Mysuru, Karnataka; and to describe the demographic patterns. Materials and methods This is a retrospective, hospital-based study. Data were retrieved from multiple sources like Parturition books, Neonatal intensive care unit records, baby and mothers case records archived in medical records department of Cheluvamba Hospital, a Tertiary Care Government Hospital, attached to Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, between 1 January 2011 and 31 August 2016. All subjects with CL ± P were included in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured proforma, designed based on the review of the literature. Prior to the study, approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee was obtained. Collected data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc.). Results A total of 59 children with CL ± P were born between 1 January 2011 and 31 August 2016 among 77667 births (Male: 36,625; Females: 41042). Hence the incidence of orofacial clefts in this hospital was 0.76/1000 births/year. Incidence in boys was 0.71/1000 births and in girls it was 0.78/1000 births (p < 0.7). Distribution of CL ± P showed that cleft lip with palate were more prevalent, which was 64.4%. 54.2% of the female child had clefts. Pierre-Robin syndrome was the most common associated malformation. Conclusion This study indicates that CL ± P are the most common types of orofacial clefts. Adequate ante-natal history in birth records is not been given critical importance, with lack of parental counseling. Public awareness regarding the early diagnosis of orofacial clefts, follow up, surgery and dental therapy is required. How to cite this article: Kumar PSP, Dhull KS, Lakshmikantha G, Singh N, Incidence and Demographic Patterns of Orofacial Clefts in Mysuru, Karnataka, India: A Hospital-based Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2018;11(5):371-374.