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Mg0.5−xZnxCo0.5Fe2O4 with ferrites were substituted with Zn2+ with concentrations x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.25 prepared from a sol–gel auto-combustion method. The impact of Zn2+ ion substitution on morphological, structural, DC electrical resistivity, and magnetic characteristics was examined. The diffraction analysis with X-ray reveals that the prepared ferrites are spinel with a single-phase face-centred cubic structure. The cubic crystal structure samples’ values for the crystallite size (42 to 25 nm) and lattice constant (8.386 to 8.425 Å) increased as the concentration increased. Field-effect scanning electron microscopy revealed the ferrite samples’ polycrystalline structures and spherical morphologies. Using FESEM micrographs, the average grain size was between 56.4 and 85.7 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify two different peaks that emerged at around 585–592 cm−1 and 401–405 cm−1. These peaks revealed information on the functional groups of the sample chemicals. Temperature-dependent DC electrical resistivity shows the semiconductors’ nature samples. The vibrating sample magnetometer analysis shows that the ferrites are soft ferrimagnetic. The saturation magnetisation was increased (60.45 to 85.04 emu/g), and coercivity was decreased (356.46 to 620.59 Oe) when the concentration was increased. The study unveiled tuned values of the physical characteristics, thereby highlighting potential applications in recent technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unhealthy behaviors including smoking, drinking, and drug use often begin during adolescence and are closely related to morbidity and mortality. This study examines the prevalence and factors associated with substance use among adolescent boys in Bihar, India. Data from the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA), conducted in 2015–16 in two Indian states, was used for analysis (n = 2004 adolescent boys aged 14–19 years). A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to estimate the effect of various correlates on substance use. Prevalence of tobacco consumption (19%) is high, followed by consumption of alcohol (8%) and drug use (1.2%) among adolescent boys in Bihar. One-fifth have ever used at least one substance. Age, education, current schooling status, wealth quintile, household head's educational attainment, and mother's education level are found to be important factors influencing substance use. It is essential to adopt more pointed programs which can effectively reduce substance use among adolescents in this and similar states. Programs related to prevention of substances should be expanded effectively through health education programs, media messages at the grassroots level, especially in the socio-economically backward states in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the proposed work is to predict the performance of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm in detection of vehicle quality performance based on Features customization and differentiators by comparing it with the Digraph algorithm. Materials and Methods:The proposed ANN is trained and tested with a "Novel Car Evaluation Database" created by Marko Bohanec. With correct quality 826 samples and inaccurate quality 826 samples in two groups with a total sample size of 1652. Training data [75% of dataset] and testing data set [25% of data set] are separated from the obtained samples. The samples are calculated using G power analysis using clincalc, which includes two groups: alpha (0.05), power (80%). There is a statistically significant difference between the groups with p=0.04 Results: The proposed ANN algorithm provided better results in predicting the quality of novel car evaluation compared to the Digraph approach. Conclusion: For the given data set, from the results it is found that the ANN algorithm is significantly more suitable for recognition of better car quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.12.004 Byline: P.V. Hareesh Kumar (a), Madhu Joshi (b), K.V. Sanilkumar (a), A.D. Rao (b), P. Anand (a), K. Anil Kumar (a), C.V.K. Prasada Rao (a) Keywords: Arabian Sea mini warm pool; Watermass; Heat flux; Western disturbance; Numerical model; Advection Abstract: Oceanographic surveys were carried out in the southeastern Arabian Sea in two phases during 14-17 May and 23-27 May 2000 to study the evolution of the Arabian Sea mini warm pool. The hydrographic data collected during these experiments, satellite imagery of sea surface temperature for the corresponding period and ship drift data were utilized for this purpose. Both satellite and in situ observations indicated the presence of a mini warm pool up to 14 May and its dissipation thereafter. The Arabian Sea mini warm pool region was characterized by low-salinity Bay of Bengal water ( Author Affiliation: (a) Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory, Thrikkakara PO, Kochi, Kerala 682 021, India (b) Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India Article History: Received 9 April 2008; Revised 5 December 2008; Accepted 21 December 2008