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Copyright of Akademik Hassasiyetler is the property of Huzeyfe Suleyman Arslan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Psoriasis is a common, chronic auto- immune disorder affecting a significant proportion of the population. It frequently affects the skin, musculoskeletal system, the gastrointestinal system and the eye, and is characterized by itchy red patches with scales which tend to flare in a cyclical manner. Due to the inexistence of a standardized cure for the disease, and the unsatisfactory results with the conventional drugs and treatments in use owing to the side effects and the development of drug resistance, 95% ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa was evaluated for its antipsoriatic activity. Aim: To evaluate the Antipsoriatic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Nigella Sativa in Propranolol Induced Psoriasis in Guinea Pigs. Materials and methods Study was conducted in the central animal house in Government Thoothukudi Medical College, Thoothukudi between December 2021 and March 2022 after receiving approval by Institutional Animal Ethical Committee of Government Thoothukudi Medical College, Thoothukudi, dated – 07/06/2019. 12 guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups, with 4 animals in each group. All the three groups received 0.1mg of 1% propranolol orally on a daily basis, for 14 days. In addition to it, they also received intradermal injections 2mL of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant(CFA) once a week for two weeks. After the induction of psoriasis, Group 1 was used as positive control. Group 2 was given standard drug 0.1% Tazarotene topically for 14 days, and Group 3 was given 95% ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa applied topically for 14 days. The psoriasis severity was calculated using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) before and after the use of the drugs, and the antipsoriatic action of the ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa was assessed by using Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test to analyse the association between the variables with p value less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Considering day 14 to be the cut off for assessing the changes in the lesion, Group 1 animals did not show any reduction in the area or severity of lesions. The group 2 animals which were treated with Tazarotene showed a rapid decline in the psoriasiform lesions with an average PASI score reduction from (5.5 to 1.5). Considering day 14 to be the cut off for assessing the changes in the lesion, Group 3 animals after being treated with topical ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa showed an appreciable reduction in the severity of the lesion with an average PASI score reduction from 5.5 to 3.25. The erythema, induration, desquamation and the surface area of the lesions were considerably diminished. Conclusion The ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa was found to have a significant antipsoriatic effect on the induced lesion, when compared with control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Industry 4.0's concept is obtaining rising notoriety around the world, where the main innovations are combining to reach a stronger degree of organizational efficiency, competitiveness, and automation. While these advantages are emphasized, smart factories still have to face various challenges to execute Industry 4.0 in developing countries. This paper aims to address and analyze these challenges. Initially authors identified 15 challenges in implementing Industry 4.0 through exhaustive literary work. An empirical survey has been conducted in 175 Indian manufacturing industries. Further, using Spearman's correlation and Kruskal Wallis analyses were performed for analyzing survey data. This survey indicates statistical differences among challenges based on the type of industry and their implementation status. Besides, descriptive statistics and correlations among challenges were presented. High adoption expenditure, High training and consultancy cost, and Need for enhanced skilled workforce are the important challenges against Industry 4.0 implementation as they are common in all respect. The analysis of empirical survey serves for academicians and policymakers to better understand the challenges in implementing Industry 4.0 concept and ease to apply the concept to manufacturing industries in developing countries. This is the first empirical survey regarding challenges in implementing Industry 4.0 in Indian manufacturing industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: The genus Acacia has a pantropical distribution and currently consists in approximately 1.450 species throughout the world. In Argentina the species belong to two subgenera: Acacia and Aculeiferum. In this work the morphology of two species was studied, one belonging to the first subgenus, Acacia caven var. caven and Acacia bonariensis, corresponding to the second one. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interspecific and intraspecific variation based on 12 exomorphological traits. The hypothesis was that the selected traits were able to differentiate species and populations. M&M: The study was based on the Kruskal Wallis test and several analyses with multivariate methods. Results: The Kruskal Wallis test found that nine characters were able to differentiate the species and one the populations. From the multivariate analyses the result was that, except for one character, the remaining ones were significant for the interspecific differentiation. Conclusions: This showed a clear separation between species according to the taxonomic classification already established. However, no differences between reserves could be evidenced for either of the species with these methods. In conclusion, these analyses set a precedent for future studies including more natural populations and the genetic study of the differentiation at molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bangle city Firozabad is a district of Uttar Pradesh away from 40kms to Agra is suffering from increasing ambient air pollution. So this study was plane to demonstrate the effects of anthropogenic activities on pollution level in difference areas of Firozabad. The data for air pollutants PM10, SO2, NO2 and AQI was collected from the Uttar Pradesh pollution control Board (UPPCB). The multivariate ANOVA was applied to determined seasonal variation between season and pollutants, and Kruskal Wallis test using within study sites. The results revealed that the highest average of PM10 302 µg/m3, AQI 252 µg/m3 recorded in winter at CDGI while PM2.5 227 µg/m3, SO2 9.33 µg/m3 and NO2 34.33 µg/m3 at Tilak Nagar. The present study concluded that anthropogenic activity is influencing the air pollutants in the bangle city Firozabad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The survey was conducted during 2018-19 in Mandya district of Karnataka to analyse the livelihood security of the farmers practicing divergent farming systems. From Mandya district two taluks were considered i.e., K.R.Pete and Pandavapura. Major farming systems in each taluk were identified after thorough discussion with extension professionals of line departments and interaction with farmers and two predominant farming systems were selected from each taluk i.e., 'paddy+dairy' and 'paddy+dairy+horticulture' farming systems from K.R.Pete taluk and 'sugrcane+dairy' and 'sugarcane+dairy+horticulture' farming systems from Pandavapura taluk. For each farming system 30 respondents were selected, hence the total respondents selected was 120. A comprehensive scale was developed to measure livelihood security of the respondents adopting divergent farming systems. The study revealed that, under 'paddy+dairy' farming system, more than half (66.66%) of the farmers fall under poor level of livelihood security. In 'paddy+dairy+horticulture' farming system more than two fifth (43.33%) of the respondents fall under average extent of livelihood security. In case of 'sugarcane+dairy' farming system, 40.00%) of the respondents fall under to poor extent of livelihood security. In case of 'sugarcane+dairy+horticulture' farming system, more than half (53.33%) of the farmers belonged to average level of livelihood security. Furthermore, the results also showed that, there is a symbolic difference between livelihood security of farmers practicing 'paddy+dairy' and 'paddy+dairy+horticulture' farming systems at 1 per cent level of consequence. The U (6.00) value indicated that, there is a symbolic difference between livelihood security of farmers practicing 'sugarcane+dairy' and 'sugarcane+dairy+horticulture' at 1 per cent level of significance. The Chi-square value (24.40) indicates there is a symbolic difference between livelihood security of the farmers practicing 'paddy + dairy', 'paddy + dairy + horticulture',' sugarcane + dairy' and 'sugarcane + dairy + horticulture'. It was noticed that 'sugarcane + dairy + horticulture' practicing farmers have better livelihood security than other farmers in Mandya district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies is the property of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of micro, small and medium enterprises on women entrepreneurship development with particular reference to Cachar district of Assam. The study also aims to compare the characteristics and performance of women-owned MSMEs with those owned by men. A survey method is used to gather information from 200 MSME owner-managers located in various revenue circles/ tehsils of Cachar district. The results of the study indicate that, though very slowly, MSMEs are significantly promoting women entrepreneurship. The most important reasons for women entrepreneurs to join MSMEs appear to be (a) 'profit motive' or 'to earn better income', (b) 'desire for independence' and (c) 'to support family' or 'the desire to provide financial security to the family'. The results of the Kruskal Wallis test demonstrate that women entrepreneurs' background characteristics such as their marital status, age, levels of educational attainment, previous business experience and place of residence significantly affect their motivations to join MSMEs. While the employment growth in female-owned MSMEs is much higher than their male counterparts, net-return per owner-manager is found to be significantly higher in men-owned MSMEs than in women-owned MSMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to identify the capacity of profitability indicators in producing subsidies for analysts and investors through the differentiation of the companies of the same industry. This approach follows the contingency line. To this, were analyzed 17 companies from the real estate industry from B3, in 22 trimesters. The data, secondary, were collected from B3 website, using the indicators: ROA, Gross Margin, EBITDA Margin and Net Profit Margin. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and Kruskal Wallis test, with the multiple comparisons process. The results made possible to evaluate each of indicator and company, identifying those that most differentiate them. As a conclusion, the four indicators showed statistically significant differences between the companies, but in levels less than 40% of the possible comparisons. Thus, the use of statistical techniques contributes to the identification of significant variations in performance between companies, as well as demonstrates the similarities in the same industry and can contribute to the judgment of analysts and investors. The study discusses these impacts and the analysis relevance to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to evaluate and compare nonparametric multiple comparison tests under violations of classical analysis of variance assumptions. Simulation space of the Monte Carlo study is composed of 288 different combinations of balanced and unbalanced sample sizes, number of groups, treatment effects, various levels of heterogeneity of variances, dependence between subgroup levels, and skewed error distributions under the single factor experimental design. By this large simulation space, we present a detailed analysis of effects of the violations of assumptions on the performance of nonparametric multiple comparison tests in terms of three error and four power measures. Observations of this study are beneficial to decide the optimal nonparametric test according to requirements and conditions of undertaken experiments. When some of the assumptions of analysis of variance are violated and number of groups is small, use of stepwise Steel-Dwass procedure with Holm's approach is appropriate to control type I error at a desired level. Dunn's method should be employed for greater number of groups. When subgroups are unbalanced and number of groups is small, Nemenyi's procedure with Duncan's approach produces high power values. Conover's procedure successfully provides high power values with a small number of unbalanced groups or with a greater number of balanced or unbalanced groups. At the same time, Conover's procedure is unable to control type I error rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investor's thinking process is a cognitive process which is based either on his previous experience or upon his future expectations. These expectations are based on the information that is available to him. Information search is in fact one of the most important element of an investors decision-making process. Investment decisions being important and highy risky decisions demand extensive search on the part of an investor. Difference in self confidence, risk tolerance, availability of time, familiarity with the investment related concepts as well as the gender stereotypes are the reasons that explain the differences in the choice of source of investment information among men and women. The sources of information significantly influence the extent of an investor's participation in investment activities. Therefore, an understanding of the sources that are likely to influence the investment decisions of women will help in improving the participation of women in investment activities. Thus, the present study is an attempt to identify the preferred sources of Investment Information among women investors in Punjab and to examine whether these preferred sources of Investment Information vary across demographics or not. For the purpose of the study, data were collected from primary sources using a pre tested, well structured questionnaire. Descriptive Statistics as well as the Kruskal Wallis test have been used in order to analyze the collected data. The results of the study brought out that Personal Opinion and Family Recommendation form the basis of investment decision making among women investors in Punjab. Further the results of the study brought out that the reliance on family recommendation as a source of information varies with the education and occupation of the respondents. The results of the study also revealed significant differences in the preferred sources of investment information of women stock investors and non stock investors. Women stock investors were found to make investments on the basis of their personal opinion while women non stock investors depended upon the recommendation of their family at the time of making investments. The paper suggests that on account of the fact that investment awareness leads to active participation in investment activities and vice versa, emphasis should be laid on providing women with practical training that will helpin improving their level of financial literacy. This would in turn help in improving their participation in investment activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study deals with the development disparities in districts of Haryana according to their level of development. The study utilized data over three points of time, viz. 1991-92, 2001-02, and 2011-12. Assessment of development in agricultural, industrial, infrastructural and socio-economic sectors has been studied using composite indices based on forty indicators. Out of the forty indicators, 19 were directly concerned with agricultural development, 4, 8 and 9 respectively reflected the progress of development in industrial, infrastructural, and socio-economic sectors. Sector-wise indices were combined to obtain weighted index for the overall development. The study indicated wide disparities in level of development among districts of Haryana in all the periods of study.The district of Mahendragarh lagged behind in almost all the sectors considered for this study. The districts of Faridabad and Gurgaon lagged behind in agriculture while the district of Karnal excelled in agriculture in all the three periods. The districts of Ambala, Faridabad and Gurgaon ranked first in overall development in 1991-92, 2001-02 and 2011-12, respectively, whereas Mahendragarh ranked last in 1991-92 and 2001-02 and the newly formed district Mewat in 2011-12. Spearman's rank correlation was used to study relationships among sectoral developments. Kruskal Wallis test indicated significant changes in development level of industry and infrastructure sectors over the periods 1991-92, 2001 -02 and 2011-12. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Proposes Tri-Staged Feature Selection (TFS) for multi-class heterogeneous datasets. • Initial features are selected using Kruskal Wallis Test. • Refinement of obtained features using Memetic Algorithm with local beam search. • Final feature set refinement using Cuckoo search algorithm for better classification. • Experiments conducted on 12 real datasets for validation of proposed method. Classification algorithms and their preprocessing operations usually performs on feature selection on homogeneous or heterogeneous attributes, binary or multi-class labels separately. Only very few methods attempt to perform feature selection on datasets with heterogeneous multi-class attributes. In order to bridge this gap with better classification performance, the paper proposes a Tri-staged Feature Selection (TFS) methodology which performs (i) Feature selection using Kruskal Wallis test (ii) Refinement of feature selection using a new Memetic Algorithm with local beam search and genetic algorithm operations and (iii) Further refinement of feature selection using Cuckoo Search algorithm. Proper tradeoff between both exploration and exploitation is maintained in the proposed method. The experimental results on 12 datasets show that the proposed method is better than that of state-of-the-art methods used for feature selection in terms of multi-class accuracy, hamming loss, ranking loss, normalized coverage and convergence rate for multi-class heterogeneous datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Renal dysfunction is common in chronic liver disease. The cause of this renal dysfunction is either multi-organ involvement in acute conditions or secondary to advanced liver disease. Objectives: The study was undertaken to assess the renal function in chronic liver diseases and find out the association of alteration of renal function with gradation of liver disease. (assessed by child-pugh criteria) and to find out the association of alteration of renal function among the cases of chronic liver disease of different aetiology. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was undertaken in Department of General Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata during March 2012 to July 2013 with 50 admitted patients of chronic liver disease after considering the exclusion criteria. The patients were interviewed with a pre-designed and pre-tested schedule, examined clinically, followed by some laboratory investigations relevant to diagnose the aetiology of chronic liver disease, and to assess the severity of liver and renal dysfunction. Data was analysed by standard statistical method. Results: Eighty six percent of the patients were male and the mean age of study population was 43.58 y, 68% patients suffered from alcoholic liver disease, followed by 14% patients had chronic Hepatitis-B, 10% patients developed acute kidney injury, 20% had hepato renal syndrome and 14% had IgA deposition. The distribution of serum urea and creatinine across the categories of Child Pugh classification tested by Mann-Whitney test and the distribution was statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study has found significant association between severity of liver dysfunction and certain parameters of renal dysfunction.

Conditioning training infield hockey is important not only for the physical capabilities of the players but alsofor the level of sports technique. Therefore the control of it in various stages of sports training allows tofind out the determination of the current stage effect of training effects leading properties and their impact on sports equipment. Particularly important is the control in the stage of sports specialization, which is aimed at establishing the status of General physical preparation which also includes tests of specialized technical sport character. The demand for general similar signs typical for the field hockey and specificities for different age groups is a prerequisite for building reference models for different age groups and levels of education. This study is directed to test some basic qualities of the least studied 14-16 year old players from the National Field Hockey team of Bulgaria, with a view for possible improvements in the management of the framing process, ensuring the adequacy between the level of preparation and the expected sport result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence of road accidents in Abia State has been of a great concern to the citizens and as a result this research work has examined the Analysis of road traffic accidents' data in Umuahia Metropolis for the period 2010-2013 with data collected from the State Traffic Office, Central Police Station, Umuahia. The research identified some of the problems of road accident which includes; the factors that cause the prevailing rate of road accident, the vehicle types involved in such accidents, the days in the week and the year that recorded the highest number of road accidents and inter-dependence of the nature of casualties caused by road accidents and the vehicle type involved. Analyzing and describing the data using descriptive statistics, the Friedman test, the Kruskal Wallis H test and the Chi-square test for goodness of fit and independence, it was discovered that majority of the road accidents are caused by human factors like over speeding, recklessness, drinking and driving, drug abuse, arrogance and illiteracy. Number of reported cases of road accident is not uniformly distributed across the years and vehicle types, and the casualties in road accident are dependent on the vehicle type involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted on a sample of 166 subjects divided into three subsamples: 62 fifth grade subjects (42 boys and 20 girls), 54 sixth grade subjects, (33 boys and 21 girls) and 50 seventh grade subjects (35 boys and 15 girls), who attended "Ivo Lola Ribar" primary school in Sombor at the time of the postural status assessment. The aim of the study was to determine statistically significant differences in different age and gender schoolchildren postural status. The Kruskal Wallis test revealed statistically significant differences between different age subjects in a variable Holding the shoulders in the sagittal plane. Investigated differences between different gender and age subjects in the postural status variables also manifested in a variable. Holding the shoulders in the sagittal plane in favour of the boys. The Man Whitney U test detected a statistically significant difference between the subjects of the sixth and seventh grade in the above mentioned variables in favour of the seventh grade subjects, among male subjects in the fifth and seventh grade in favour of the seventh grade subjects, and between the sixth and seventh grade subjects in favour of the seventh grade subjects. The worst results were obtained in the sixth- grade boys who revealed affected kyphotic posture. Among other analyzed groups there were no statistically significant differences. The obtained research results indicate worsening postural condition of the sixth grade pupils, a condition explained as the "pathology causing loss of backbone multiple function in many non-specific conditions" associated with urban children daily habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Renal dysfunction is common in chronic liver disease. The cause of this renal dysfunction is either multi-organ involvement in acute conditions or secondary to advanced liver disease. Objectives: The study was undertaken to assess the renal function in chronic liver diseases and find out the association of alteration of renal function with gradation of liver disease. (assessed by child-pugh criteria) and to find out the association of alteration of renal function among the cases of chronic liver disease of different aetiology. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was undertaken in Department of General Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata during March 2012 to July 2013 with 50 admitted patients of chronic liver disease after considering the exclusion criteria. The patients were interviewed with a pre-designed and pre-tested schedule, examined clinically, followed by some laboratory investigations relevant to diagnose the aetiology of chronic liver disease, and to assess the severity of liver and renal dysfunction. Data was analysed by standard statistical method. Results: Eighty six percent of the patients were male and the mean age of study population was 43.58 y, 68% patients suffered from alcoholic liver disease, followed by 14% patients had chronic Hepatitis-B, 10% patients developed acute kidney injury, 20% had hepato renal syndrome and 14% had IgA deposition. The distribution of serum urea and creatinine across the categories of Child Pugh classification tested by Mann-Whitney test and the distribution was statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study has found significant association between severity of liver dysfunction and certain parameters of renal dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of the study is to investigate the existence of seasonality in stock price behavior in Indian stock market and more specifically in the IT sector. The period of the study is from 3rd November 1994 to 31st December 2010. The study has employed daily price series of selected seven IT companies obtained from the official website of National Stock Exchange (NSE). The study used multiple regression technique to examine the significance of the regression coefficient for investigating day of week effects and week of the month effect, and Kruskal Wallis for analysis of trading strategy. It is found that all the seven selected IT companies evidenced day of the week effect and mostly either on Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday. Only Patni and Wipro evidenced significant Thursday effect. Similarly, evidence on week of month effect mostly either on 1st week, 2nd week or 3rd week. This implies that active portfolio management taking into account the findings will provide superior returns on investment in the IT sector in India.

This paper explores the perception of Indian customers towards the use of technologies with respect to such factors as convenience, privacy, security, ease of use, real time accessibility, and accurate record of varied transaction that enable customer’s adoption of Banking Technology. Other factors such as slow transfer speed, technical failure, frauds and unawareness among customers that make hindrance in adoption, are also tested. The results show that demographic variables such as gender, age, qualification and income play a positive role in adoption of banking technology. All the banks are using information technology as a strategic vehicle to stay competitive against other players. There is no significant difference between adoption rates of banking technologies by the customers of different private banks. The paper also shows that banking technology helps in increasing customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, improvised growth, and performance of the banks.

The primary objective of the study is to investigate the existence of seasonality in stock price behavior in Indian stock market and more specifically in the IT sector. The period of the study is from 3rd November 1994 to 31st December 2010 The study has employed daily price series of selected seven IT companies obtained from the official website of National Stock Exchange (NSE). The study used multiple regression technique to examine the significance of the regression coefficient for investigating day of week effects and week of the month effect, and Kruskal Wallis for analysis of trading strategy. It is found that all the seven selected IT companies evidenced day of the week effect and mostly either on Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday. Only Patni and Wipro evidenced significant Thursday effect. Similarly, evidence on week of month effect mostly either on 1st week, 2nd week or 3rd week. This implies that active portfolio management taking into account the findings will provide superior returns on investment in the IT sector in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]