Challenges facing by manufacturing industries towards implementation of industry 4.0: an empirical research.

Industry 4.0's concept is obtaining rising notoriety around the world, where the main innovations are combining to reach a stronger degree of organizational efficiency, competitiveness, and automation. While these advantages are emphasized, smart factories still have to face various challenges to execute Industry 4.0 in developing countries. This paper aims to address and analyze these challenges. Initially authors identified 15 challenges in implementing Industry 4.0 through exhaustive literary work. An empirical survey has been conducted in 175 Indian manufacturing industries. Further, using Spearman's correlation and Kruskal Wallis analyses were performed for analyzing survey data. This survey indicates statistical differences among challenges based on the type of industry and their implementation status. Besides, descriptive statistics and correlations among challenges were presented. High adoption expenditure, High training and consultancy cost, and Need for enhanced skilled workforce are the important challenges against Industry 4.0 implementation as they are common in all respect. The analysis of empirical survey serves for academicians and policymakers to better understand the challenges in implementing Industry 4.0 concept and ease to apply the concept to manufacturing industries in developing countries. This is the first empirical survey regarding challenges in implementing Industry 4.0 in Indian manufacturing industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]