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Electron-beam irradiation facilities are commercially utilized for food irradiation. This study investigates whether dosimeters used to detect gamma-rays can also be used to accurately detect electron-beam irradiation. The irradiation souses for gamma-ray at the Takasaki Institute were used throughout this study. Four kinds of dosimeters, RadiaChromic (RC), GammaChromic (GC), Amber3042 (AM), Radix (RX), and alanine (AL) were irradiated at doses from 0.1 to 60 kGy using a 5 MeV electron-beam (EB) at the Japan Irradiation Service Co. Ltd. (Japan). AL was submitted to the National Physics Laboratory in order to evaluate the doses that AL were absorbed. At low-level dose range, all dosimeters indicated correct values. This means those dosimeters were usable to accurately detect electron beam irradiation. But at higher range they all required correction due to either temperature effects or varying sensitivity to electron-beam exposure. Dose-depth profiles were obtained using ham and cheese samples, in order to check penetration of EB by the calibrated machine.

一酸化窒素 (nitric oxide: NO) は血管拡張性物質として知られているが, NOの作用時間は短く数秒であり, NO2やNO3などNOxとして代謝される. 透析患者では一般に血中NOx濃度は健常人より高値であるとされている. また, NOの透析低血圧への関与を示唆する報告もある. 一方, HDFやHDの変動除水は透析低血圧例に対し循環動態の安定に有効であることが示唆されている. そこで今回, HDとHDFにおける血中NOx濃度の動態からNOの関与を検討した. 安定維持期血液透析患者7名を対象とした. HDとHDFを交互に施行し, 透析前と終了時の血中NOx濃度を, また, 透析開始2時間後においてはダイアライザー前後での血中NOx濃度をTCI-NOX 1000 (東京化成社製) にて測定した. さらに, HDにおいて一定除水と変動除水を行い, 透析前後の血中NOx濃度を測定し比較した. 透析患者の血中NOx濃度は健常人に比べて高値だった. HDに比べ, HDFでは透析前後の血圧の低下率は有意に少なかった. 両者とも透析により血中NOx濃度は低下したが, 透析前後の血中NOx濃度, 減少率は両者間で有意差は認められなかった. また, ダイアライザー通過前後の血中NOx減少率は, HDとHDFで差はみられなかった. また, HDにおける一定除水と変動除水では後者が有意に血圧の低下率が少なかったが, 透析前後の血中NOx濃度, 減少率には有意差が認められなかった. HDFおよび変動除水は, 一定除水のHDに比べて血圧の変動は少ないが, その機序に関してはNOの関与は低いと考えられた.

With regard to the direct transfer splicing of optical fibers in which the fibers are cut, moved, and spliced to other fibers at arbitrary locations along the line, the results of basic investigations on fiber vibrations when the fibers are cut and moved are presented. The solution method of the fiber longitudinal and lateral vibrations due to the tensile force and bending moment exerted when it is cut is indicated. The relation among fiber length, tensile force, settling time of vibrations, and loss variations are clarified. With regard to the behavior of fiber movement, the solution method of the lateral vibrations when one terminal is fixed also is presented and the relation among movement speed, fiber length, and settling time is determined. From these investigations, the requirements under which the loss variations associated with fiber cutting and its movements can be kept below 1 dB are clarified.

Two new compounds, 8'-phospho derivatives of amicoumacins A and B, were isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Bacillus pumilus together with amicoumacins A and B. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and alkaline phosphatase treatments. Comparison of the antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of these compounds suggested that C-8' hydroxyl and C-12' amide group of amicoumacin A played a critical role for anti-MRSA activity.

Two new compounds, 8'-phospho derivatives of amicoumacins A and B, were isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Bacillus pumilus together with amicoumacins A and B. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and alkaline phosphatase treatments. Comparison of the antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of these compounds suggested that C-8' hydroxyl and C-12' amide group of amicoumacin A played a critical role for anti-MRSA activity.

Metadata have been already given to most of the data and objects in the real world, such as books, foods, digital contents like movie, electric devices, and so forth. Further, they can be accumulated electronically by barcodes and RFIDs, which is expected to spread explosively in 2005. On the other hand, web services are getting popular in the internet, and UPnP services and ECHONET are penetrating into the home network. In our project, we propose a new handheld application called Ubiquitous Service Finder, in which user can intuitively browse as icons the metadata around him/her in a cellular phone, then invoke the services semantically related to the metadata by simple drag and drop operation.

The SVG (shallow V-groove) guardring fabrication technique for Schottky diodes allows a high packing density, a high breakdown voltage, a low leakage and a small junction capacitance to be achieved. By evaporation of a thin titanium film under an aluminum film, the barrier heights of the contacts can be shifted slightly from that of a Al-Si Schottky diode toward thatof a Ti-Si Schottky diode. The barrier height of 0.61 eV was determined by the JF/VF and JF/T2/1/T characteristics. The breakdown voltages of 240 randomly chosen devices were measured at a reverse current level of 1 ?A. The high typical breakdown voltage of 26.5 V and its narrow distribution indicate that the field peaking along the periphery of the metal contacts was eliminated by the SVG guard ring. The SVG guard ring blocks the lateral spread of the depletion layer and reduces the junction capacitance to 70% of that of a Schottky diode without guard ring.

A field programmable device comprises regular word lines, regular bit lines, regular memory cells connected at the intersections of the regular word lines and the regular bit lines, at least one test word line adjacent to one of the regular bit lines, and alternately arranged conducting and nonconducting test memory cells arranged at the intersections of the test bit lines and the regular word lines. According to the invention, for the purpose of determining poor insulation between the word lines, the test bit line and the regular word line are insulated by an insulating layer in each nonconducting test memory cell.

To achieve higher packing density for larger integration, various undesirable parasitic effects which degrade performance of each element must be primarily taken into account. This paper will describe a high speed 4096 bit bipolar shorted-junction type Schottky TTL PROM fabricated by the use of passive isolation techniques named “Shallow V Groove” (SVG) and “Isolation by Oxide and Polysilicon” (IOP). These two techniques have suppressed the undesirable parasitic effects and accomplished drastic improvement especially in both of cell size and speed by the factor of 1/2 and 2, respectively, as compared to those of our current gold doped device.