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The paper explores the principle of legal certainty in the medieval commune of Kotor, focusing on the distribution of power and judicial authority. It examines the legal structure of Kotor, including appeal mechanisms and the role of notaries, primarily from the Italian Peninsula, in shaping the local legal system. Additionally, it highlights the codification process of Kotor's statutes, first published in Venice in 1616, and the influence of Venetian governance. The author analyses the balance of power between local aristocracy and external oversight by Venice, showcasing how aristocratic control was maintained, particularly in judicial and administrative matters, while safeguarding legal certainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Cat: it possesses beauty without vanity, strength without insolence, courage without ferocity, all the virtues of man without his vices" (Lord Byron). This paper is a photographic summary of trips to three cities that we consider among the most representative of the harmonious relationship between humans and cats: Istanbul, Kotor, and Saint Petersburg. The photos show some of the beauty of these cities: architecture, avenues, museums, squares, parks, the natural beauty of the surroundings, and, of course, its community's cats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Lectionary and Pontifical of the Diocese of Kotor, which is now kept in St. Petersburg, contains on the free pages on the margins of the main text, transcripts of the documents of the Kotor authorities from the first half of the 12th century until the middle of the 13th century. In the Manuscript Department of the HAZU Archives in Zagreb, in manuscript collections from the 18th century, there is a certain number of these documents. This paper provides basic information about these manuscripts and provides the texts of the transcripts of the documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to shed light on the status of slaves in the Statute of Kotor (1616) and its Roman legal basis. The work is primarily based on the Kotor Statute,,as well as the accompanying notary documents from the relevant period of time.. Due to the nature of the topic, other Dalmatian and Mediterranean cities in the respective period were also taken into account. In this article, the author used an argumentation-based linguistic approach and systematic method of interpretation of the statutory provisions concerning the status of slaves, while excluding the status of other „unfree“ or „semi-free“ people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper, based on the analysis of original archival records, baptismal, marriage, and death registers of the parish of St. Tryphon from the 18th century, presents and analyses the migrations of inhabitants from the territory of the Dubrovnik Republic to Kotor. The emphasis is placed on, to the extent permitted by the sources, analysing the number, gender, places of origin, and migration areas of Dubrovnik residents. The paper also explores marital strategies and the involvement of Dubrovnik residents in the social life of Kotor at that time, all of which is considered in the context of pre-modern migration patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigates the billboardization of city entrances and the impact of this phenomenon on the integrity of the city and its cultural identity. The initial hypothesis is that the accumulation of billboards within city entrances creates visual pollution that causes multiple problems regarding the city's culture, especially when it is located in a protected area. The paper strives to indicate the neglect of this space in the current urbanistic and socio-cultural narrative, and point out the newly formed region of reframed identity through the concept of the image of the city. The research moves through a case study of the Adriatic highway, the Jaz - Kotor section, namely the buffer zone of the protected Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor, in Montenegro. The aim of the paper is to point out the image of the city and to emphasize this urban space as a factor that disrupts the cultural identity of Kotor.

In contrast to the 12th and 13th centuries, the sources for the study of the Kotor notary in the 14thand 15thcenturies are significantly more numerous and diverse. In the first place, there are office notarial writings that have been preserved from the period 1326-1337, then the second half of the last decade of the 14th century, and, almost continuously, from the end of the second decade of the 15th century. Apart from them, individual documents created in the Kotor office during the 14th century have been preserved, which represent a very valuable source for studying the time when certain notaries worked in Kotor. An extremely important source for the study of this issue is the Grbalj cadaster which contains the notes of notaries and chancellors who drew up documents on the ownership of land holdings in Grbalj. Mentions of some Kotor notaries and the time of their activity can be found in the Dubrovnik archives of the 13th-15th centuries. A special type of source about Kotor notaries of the 14thand 15thcenturies contains their lists. One such can be found in the Zagreb copy of the Kotor Statute and contains a list of notaries from 1380 to 1487. The second one is the list of notaries and chancellors located in the National University Library in Zagreb. It is a particularly valuable source for the chronology of Kotor notaries from the second half of the 14th century, providing information about them until 1705. It brings the names of some hitherto little-known Kotor notaries from the beginning of the 15th century.

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Copyright of Radovi Zavod za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zaru is the property of Zavod za Povijesne Znanosti HAZU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this article is to shed light on the decisionmaking process in early modern Kotor, based on an analysis of the Statute of Kotor (1616) and surviving notarial documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EN: This paper is primarily focused on analyzing the share of the soldiers from Kotor in Venetian infantry units in Eastern Adriatic (Fanti oltramarini) in the 18th century. It is a result of years of research of the unpublished documents from the Archivio di Stato di Venezia (the lists made by the recruitment magistracy – Inquisitori sopra l’amministrazione dei pubblici ruoli). Based on these documents – the lists of infantry troops belonging to individual companies and regiments – the following fundamental aspects are analyzed: the method of entering particulars of the Kotor soldiers; their share in infantry and cavalry units; the timeframe of their military service (their mention in the documents); the share of the members of prominent noble families of Kotor among high-ranking officers (the Bolica, Buća, Paskvali and Vraćen families); the duration of their military service; and the dynamics of promotions in their careers. As the documents are very well preserved, the age structure of the Kotor infantrymen and their physical characteristics can also be analyzed. The final section of the paper analyzes the places where the lists of these infantrymen were made (Venice, Veneto, Dalmatia, Bay of Kotor and Greece) and the commanders of their regiments. And finally, the paper concludes that the Kotor soldiers constituted important part of the regional Eastern Adriatic regiments in the final century of the Serenissima. At the very end of the paper, a table including the names of all the hitherto known overseas infantrymen from that period can be found. HR: Središnji istraživački interes ovoga rada usmjeren je na proučavanje udjela Kotorana u mletačkim prekojadranskim pješačkim postrojbama (Fanti oltramarini) u 18. stoljeću, a zasnovan je na višegodišnjemu proučavanju neobjavljenoga arhivskog gradiva iz Archivio di Stato di Venezia (fond magistrature za novačenje Inquisitori sopra l’amministrazione dei pubblici ruoli). Tragom navedenoga gradiva, točnije popisa pripadnika pješačkih postrojbi unutar pojedinih satnija koje su činile dio pukovnije, raščlanjuju se temeljna problemska pitanja: način bilježenja kotorskih vojnika u izvoru, omjer uključenosti u pješaštvo i konjaništvo, vremenski okvir njihova djelovanja (spominjanja u izvoru), udio pripadnika zapaženih kotorskih plemićkih obitelji čiji su odvjetci imali visoke časničke činove (obitelji Bolica, Buća, Paskvali i Vraćen), trajanje (dužina) vojne službe i tijek napredovanja u karijeri. S obzirom na vrlo dobro sačuvano gradivo, promatra se i dobna struktura kotorskih pješaka te njihove tjelesne značajke. U završnome dijelu rada obrađena su mjesta popisivanja (Mletci, Veneto, Dalmacija, Boka kotorska i Grčka) tih pješaka i vojni zapovjednici koji su upravljali pukovnijama u kojima su oni spomenuti. Na kraju se zaključuje da su Kotorani bili zapažen dio regionalnoga korpusa vojnika zavičajem s istočnojadranske obale u posljednjem stoljeću opstojanja Serenissime. Rad završava tabelarnim pregledom svih do sada istraženih kotorskih prekomorskih pješaka u navedenome razdoblju.

EN: The manuscript collection known as the “Collection of the Bisantis Family” kept in the Archives of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Zagreb contains partially damaged transcripts of several documents from the second half of the 14th century, originating from the Kotor office. The document from July 1356 refers to the division of money between the sons of Tryphon Bucchia and regulating his debts. Documents from April 14th and July 27th, 1359 speak of property disputes between Doma Berislavi and Drago Basilius, son of Mathaeus. The document of March 20th, 1362 deals with the issue of marriage and marital property. The document from January 6th, 1371, concerns the assignment of the right to the property that the Venetian Philippo Barelli acquired in Kotor. MNE: U rukopisnom zborniku poznatom kao Zbornik porodice Bizanti koji se čuva u Arhivu HAZU u Zagrebu nalaze se djelimično oštećeni prepisi nekoliko isprava iz druge polovine XIV. vijeka, nastalih u kotorskoj kancelariji. Isprava od jula 1356. godine odnosi se na podjelu novca između sinova Tripa Buće i regulisanja njegovih dugova. Dokumenta od 14. aprila i 27. jula 1359. godine govore o imovinskim sporovima između Dome Berislavi i Draga Basilijevog Matei. Pitanjem sklapanja braka i bračne imovine bavi se isprava od 20. marta 1362. godine. Isprava od 6. januara 1371. godine tiče se ustupanja prava na imovinu koju je Mlečanin Filip Bareli stekao u Kotoru.

The paper discusses some epigraphic features of the inscription on the baptismal font of the priest John from the time of Prince Višeslav from the end of the 8th and the beginning of the 9th century and points out the similarities and parallels between it and the inscription of Bishop John of Kotor on the architrave in the Kotor Cathedral of St. Tryphon from 805. Based on them, it is assumed that the baptismal font could also be attributed to the famous “Kotor stonecarvers’ workshop from the time of Bishop John”.

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Copyright of Social Sciences & Humanities Studies / Društvene i Humanističke Studije (DHS) is the property of Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Tuzla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The first mentions of the nuns of St. Clare in Kotor date from the fourth decade of the 14th century. Their position in that commune improved in the second half of that century. In December 1364, at the request of the Kotor authorities, Pope Urban V asked the Bishop of Kotor, Dujmo II, to restore the former Benedictine monastery due to the needs of the nuns St. Clare. In the presence of the highest authorities of Kotor, on October 10th, 1365, a document on this legal action was issued. It is preserved in a transcript in the manuscript collection II b 21, held in the manuscript department of the Archives of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Zagreb. The document contained the act of assigning the monastery to the Clarisses, prescribing the income which was given on that occasion to the monastery of St. Clare, as well as the appointment of Clare of Foro Julius as its first nun. Part of the transferred revenues consisted of communal revenues from fish market customs duties. The second part of the donation consisted of revenues in the amount of two hundred perpers, half of which came from the butcher's slaughterhouse, and the other half from customs revenue on wine. Customs officers or gabellers, ie persons who leased the mentioned revenues, were obliged to take care of the collection of those revenues. Revenues that the monastery of St. Clare received in October 1365 and are mentioned during the 15th century. Dukal of October 15th, 1447, says that the Venetian authorities after Kotor accepted their rule, recognized the right of the nuns of St. Clare on the said revenues. However, Kotor municipal authorities have occasionally challenged the right to collect assigned revenues, as well as the right to elect procurators themselves. That is why the nuns complained to the Venetian authorities, who ordered the Kotor authorities to allow them to enjoy the allocated income and the right to elect procurators themselves. The problem of paying the income from the fish market to the Clarisses was also present at the end of the 15th century, and Venetian authorities had to intervene.

The paper provides data from little-known sources about the time when Kotor‘s bishop Grimoald was able to perform episcopal duties in Kotor. The document (pastoral letter) attributed to him, which refers to marriages in Kotor, is analyzed. An attempt is made to establish a connection between its content, which refers to the presence of clergy during the marriage ceremony and the permitted degree of consanguinity of the spouses, with the norms of the Catholic Church related to that issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Social Sciences & Humanities Studies / Društvene i Humanističke Studije (DHS) is the property of Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Tuzla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper deals with around 500 toponyms in the Bay of Kotor. In the introdoctury part of the paper, basic historic and demographic data are given. In the main part, the toponyms are categorised according to motivation and etymology. The Bay of Kotor has an above-average share of toponyms derived from personal names as well as toponyms motivated by church titularies. In this category, the toponym Sutorman (sanctus Romanus) stands out as a relict of the old Romanic and Slavic symbiosis.

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Copyright of Croatica Christina Periodica is the property of Croatica Christiana Periodica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyses the contents of the text of the charter issued by Queen Helen of Anjou to the village of Zator‒which is in the immediate vicinity of Kotor –during her reign in Zeta (1276‒1306). The charter has been preserved in multiple transcripts, as well as Italian translations. The charter states the boundaries of the village, as defined by Queen Helen, which were established on the site. Penalties are prescribed in the case of any unlawful use of this area by the surrounding population. The charter stipulates legal norms which determine the pecuniary tributes paid by the inhabitants of the village, in relation to court proceedings. A fine is prescribed for any breach of these norms. The paper concludes that a part of the border of the village of Zator had corresponded with a part of the border of the Kotor district since the first half of the 14th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Ars Adriatica is the property of Sveuciliste u Zadru (University of Zadar) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ars Adriatica is the property of Sveuciliste u Zadru (University of Zadar) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Radovi Zavod za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zaru is the property of Zavod za Povijesne Znanosti HAZU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to introduce the intermediary role of Kotor in the Balkan missions comparing it to the same activities of Ragusa. From 1578 the Bolica family was responsible for coordinating the postal service from Venice to Istanbul, as a consequence of which the family acquired a vast network of connections in the Balkans. In the 17th century four members of the Bolica family which ran the postal service worked as the Balkan commissioners of the Congregation of Propaganda Fide. Franjo Bolica was the most outstanding of the four due to his personal qualities and as a result of both the importance of his commissions and the prosperity during the war of Candia (1645-1669). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we will interpret and present Old Turkish (Ottoman) inscriptions from the Bar region, which date from the historical range from the 17th to the 20th century, with a transcription from Old Turkish to the Ottoman language, with a translation in our language as well.Namely, the basic research intention of these recent researches in Bar is directed towards presenting to the scientific, professional and general reading public the inscriptions from the stone surfaces and their meaning with nišan tombstones, fountains and chronograms, while at the same time unusual ornamentation, shapes and various decorative motifs that adorn them and essentially determine them.In addition to translations of these specific archaeological-historical testimonies about people and the spirit of the time from which these artifacts date, we also provide photographs that speak not only about the significance and values of this material heritage but also about the condition in which they are. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U radu se donose novije znanstvene spoznaje o Kotorskoj klesarskoj radionici, djelatnoj na prostoru južnog Jadrana u prvoj polovini 9. stoljeća. Na temelju njezinog znatno obogaćenog opusa na matičnom tlu Boke kotorske, ali i na širem području od dubrovačke Astareje do gradova Dračke teme sve do Lješa, sagledan je značaj ove radionice u lokalnim okvirima, s posebnim naglaskom na njezin odnos prema Klesarskoj radionici iz doba biskupa Ivana, koja joj je neposredno prethodila. Iznose se pretpostavke o organizaciji rada njezinih klesara, načinu školovanja majstora i širenju produkcije na okolna područja.

Based on data contained in Constantine Porphyrogenitus’s De Administrando Imperio, local written sources, and fragments with inscriptions, the article offers new insight about the original position of the relics of St. Tryphon, the patron saint of Kotor from the first decades of the 9th century. Also, the foundations of a church with a quincuncial (cross-in-square) plan, erected in the same period and discovered below the city’s cathedral, can be seen as an early and important example of the dispersion of this architectural type in lands that belonged to the Byzantine cultural sphere. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 177015: Hrišćanska kultura na Balkanu u srednjem veku: Vizantijsko carstvo, Srbi i Bugari od IX do XV veka and Grant no. 177036: Srpska srednjovekovna umetnost i njen evropski kontekst]

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The paper contains transcripts of some medieval documents from the manuscript collection “Memorie sulle Bocche di Cattaro concernenti il Culto”, whose parchment templates were in the possession of the Kotor canon Vicko Antun Paskvali during the 18th century. The documents refer to the churches of Kotor: St. Nicholas of the Gardens (1289), St. Lorenzo of Plata (1324, 1347, 1348), St. Luka’s (1270), St. Basileus on Šuranj (1309), St. Maria of Gurdići (1318), and St. Jacob of Loggia (1388). Most of the documents relate to the election of abbots, founding, and patronage over churches, one refers to the leasing of church property. Some of these documents have been scarcely known so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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On the basis of a newly discovered source, this paper presents new details in relation to the ciborium dedicated to the Kotor martyrs – the Petilovrijenci. The previously presented facts about its appearance and the writing on it are confirmed, but there are certain corrections of the statements previously made in regard to the ciborium’s position in the cathedral and the time until when it could have existed as a whole in the St. Tryphon Cathedral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on a series of pre-Romanesque fragments found in Kotor and several other localities in Boka Kotorska, which can be linked to an early phase in the formation of the pre-Romanesque style. Chronological orientation points provided by the triple mention of Bishop Ivan, who was present at the Second Council of Nicaea in 787, have served as a framework dating the fragments to the last quarter of the 8th and the early 9th century. They are considered to be work of a highly skilful stonemason workshop, for which the name Stonemason Workshop from the Time of Bishop Ivan of Kotor has been proposed. The reliefs have been compared to analogous sculptural decoration adorning the cathedrals of other cities in the Eastern Adriatic based on similar stylistic and iconographic features,as well as masterful stonemasonry in high-quality marble. These analogies indicate a common visual language used by the masters active in the broad belt stretching from Istria to Boka Kotorska, who brought to our coast the spirit of new, pre-Romanesque art at the turn of the 9th century.

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The life and agency of Benedict Pasquali (1704-1790), a nobleman of Kotor and general of Venetian army, are central themes of this article. In the first part of the article, the authors, based on the documents of Venetian military administration, in the first place decrees of the Provisors General of Dalmatia and (Venetian) Albania, analyse his military career from the rank of ensign, which he received entering as a boy in Venetian army, through his advancing from lieutenant to colonel, and finally his promotion into the ranks of brigadier and general of Venetian army. The comparison of Pasquali's military career and those of a generation older Venetian high officers who were by their origin from the East Adriatic coast enables us to trace clearly important changes which reached Venetian army within an interval of two generations. Namely, in an attempt of increasing control over the army, central authorities tried to diminish proportion of private ownership over military units and, in connection to that, to professionalise officer corps. Therefore, Pasquali's advancement is more conditioned by formalised rules created for that purpose by state administration, than by military exploits as was the case in careers of a generation older high officers of Dalmatia and Boka. In the second part of the article, the authors analyse composition of the military complement of overseas infantry units (Oltramarini) commanded by Pasquali in the second half of the eighteenth century, providing new and widening previous knowledge of structure of Venetian units recruited in Venetian East Adriatic dominions regarding social background, homeland origin and ethnicity of their soldiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U članku se donosi obiman i dosad mahom neobjavljen arhivski materijal o djelatnosti dvojice zlatarskih majstora, podrijetlom iz Kotora, koji su koncem XIV. i u 1. polovici XV. stoljeća djelovali u Zadru stekavši višegodišnjim, pa i višedesetljetnim svestranim radom, znatan ugled i imovinu. Činjenica da su dijelili podrijetlo i patronimik, uz niz arhivskih vijesti, osobito onih koje potvrđuju kontakte dvaju zlatara, ukazuju na mogućnost da su bili braća, što bi osnažilo i vjerojatnost pretpostavke, koja je već iznesena u literaturi, o zlataru Pavlu Petrovom kao autoru božavskog ophodnog križa datiranog u konac 14. i početak 15. st, ali i mogućnost da je Stjepan Petrov autor srodnog mu ninskoga križa. Potonji križ, na kojem je ujedno i potpisan neki majstor Stjepan, profesor Ivo Petricioli s oprezom je povezivao sa zlatarom Stjepanom Crnjinim zvanim Francoj, suradnikom zlatara Franje iz Milana, okupivši oko te umjetnine grupu ikonografski i stilski srodnih križeva koji potječu iz otočkih župa zadarskoga arhipelaga, a među njima i spomenuti božavski križ, pa se čini prigodnim, u povodu obljetnice profesorove smrti, ovaj rad posvetiti problematici autorstva dijela zadarskih gotičkih ophodnih križeva čijem je poznavanju dao nemjerljiv doprinos.

The paper reviews the last will of the Kotor nobleman Nycolaus Marini Glauacti made in 1327 to bequeath to St. George’s church on the small island near Perast a depiction of the Madonna, St. Nicholas and St. John the Baptist. On the one hand, the legacy is analyzed in the context of the compositions involving the three saints in Kotor’s religious medieval art and, on the other, in the context of ad pias causas bequests and the concept of preparing for a good death (ars moriendi). The contents of the testaments of Nycolaus and his brother Johannes Marin Glauacti as of 1336 are contrasted, especially in terms of the number of pro remedio animae items bequeathed and their distribution. A special emphasis is laid on the comparison of the representations between the Franciscan and Benedictine Orders as the recipients of pious bequests. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177003: Medieval heritage of the Balkans: institutions and culture]