71 results on '"Kolak U"'
Search Results
2. their activity on the expression of inflammatory cytokines
- Author
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Gazioglu, I, Semen, S, Acar, OO, Kolak, U, Sen, A, and Topcu, G
- Subjects
secondary metabolites ,olean-12-en-3 beta, 28-diol ,3 ,Capparaceae ,anti-inflammatory ,anticholinesterase ,fatty acid ,beta-pentacosanoate ,structure elucidation ,spectroscopy - Abstract
Context CapparisL. (Capparaceae) is grown worldwide. Caper has been used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases including rheumatism, kidney, liver, stomach, as well as headache and toothache. Objective To isolate and elucidate of the secondary metabolites of theC. ovataextracts which are responsible for their anti-inflammatory activities. Materials and methods Buds, fruits, flowers, leaves and stems ofC. ovataDesf. was dried, cut to pieces, then ground separately. From their dichloromethane/hexane (1:1) extracts, eight compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by NMR, mass spectroscopic techniques. The effects of compounds on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in SH-SY5Y cell lines were examined by qRT-PCR ranging from 4 to 96 mu M. Cell viability was expressed as a percentage of the control, untreated cells. Results This is a first report on isolation of triterpenoids and steroids fromC. ovatawith anti-inflammatory activity. One new triterpenoid ester olean-12-en-3 beta,28-diol, 3 beta-pentacosanoate (1) and two new natural steroids 5 alpha,6 alpha-epoxycholestan-3 beta-ol (5) and 5 beta,6 beta-epoxycholestan-3 beta-ol (6) were elucidated besides known compounds; oleanolic acid (2), ursolic acid (3), beta-sitosterol (4), stigmast-5,22-dien-3 beta-myristate (7) and bismethyl-octylphthalate (8). mRNA expression levels as EC(10)of all the tested seven genes were decreased, particularly CXCL9 (19.36-fold), CXCL10 (8.14-fold), and TNF (18.69) by the treatment of 26 mu M of compound1on SH-SY5Y cells. Discussion and conclusions Triterpenoids and steroids isolated fromC. ovatawere found to be moderate-strong anti-inflammatory compounds. Particularly, compounds1and3were found to be promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. C1 [Gazioglu, Isil] Bezmialem Vakif Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Analyt Chem, Istanbul, Turkey. [Semen, Sevcan] Istanbul Cerrahpasa Univ, Inst Forens Sci, Forens Toxicol Labs, Istanbul, Turkey. [Acar, Ozden Ozgun; Sen, Alaattin] Pamukkale Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Denizli, Turkey. [Kolak, Ufuk] Istanbul Univ, Dept Analyt Chem, Fac Pharm, Istanbul, Turkey. [Sen, Alaattin] Abdullah Gul Univ, Fac Life Nat Sci, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Kayseri, Turkey. [Topcu, Gulacti] Bezmialem Vakif Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy & Phytochem, Fac Pharm, TR-34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
- Published
- 2020
3. Selective in-vitro Enzymes' Inhibitory Activities of Fingerprints Compounds of Salvia Species and Molecular Docking Simulations
- Author
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Kocakaya SO, Ertas A, Yener I, Ercan B, Oral EV, Akdeniz M, Kaplaner E, Topcu G, and Kolak U.
- Published
- 2020
4. stigmast-5,22-dien-3 beta-ol myristate isolated from Capparis ovata
- Author
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Acar, OO, Gazioglu, I, Kolak, U, Sen, A, and Topcu, G
- Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the human central nervous system. It is one of the most common neurological disorders around the world and there is still no complete cure for MS. Purification of a terpenoid from Capparis ovata was carried out and its structure was elucidated as stigmast-5,22-dien-3 beta-ol, myristate (3 beta, 22E-stigmasteryl myristate; SDM) by NMR and mass spectral analyses. No information regarding its any health effect is available in the literature. In the present study, we have described its effects on inflammatory factors such as the expression levels of cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules as well as apoptosis/infiltration and myelination in SH-SY5Y cells. The expression levels of proinflammatory or inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as NF-.B1, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10 and HIF1A along with T-cell activating cytokines such as IL-6 and TGFB1 were significantly downregulated with SDM treatment. Moreover, the expression levels of the main myelin proteins such as MBP, MAG and PLP that are essential for healthy myelin architecture were significantly up-regulated. The results presented in this study strongly suggest that the SDM offers a unique possibility to be used with autoimmune diseases, including MS due to its activity on the manipulation of cytokines and the promotion of myelin formation.
- Published
- 2017
5. Ochratoxin a levels in food and beverage samples from Turkey
- Author
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Gazioglu, I., primary and Kolak, U., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Beneficial actions of dichloromethane sub-fraction of the COWE extract for multiple sclerosis: a potential therapeutic role
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Acar, O. Ozgun, Sen, A., Topcu, G., Gazioglu, I., Kolak, U., Arslan, S., and TOPÇU, GÜLAÇTI
- Subjects
a potential therapeutic role-, 41st FEBS Congress on Molecular and Systems Biology for a Better Life, Kusadasi, Türkiye, 3 - 08 September 2016, cilt.283, ss.358 [Acar O. O. , Sen A., Topcu G., Gazioglu I., Kolak U., Arslan S., -Beneficial actions of dichloromethane sub-fraction of the COWE extract for multiple sclerosis] - Published
- 2016
7. Capparis ovata treatment suppresses inflammatory cytokine expression and ameliorates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis in C57BL/6 mice
- Author
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Ozgun-Acar O, Celik-Turgut G, Gazioglu I, Kolak U, Ozbal S, Ergur BU, Arslan S, Sen A, and Topcu G
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Analysis of Variance ,Animals ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use ,Brain/drug effects/metabolism ,Capparis/*chemistry ,Cytokines/genetics/*metabolism ,Disease Models, Animal ,Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced/*drug therapy/*metabolism ,Female ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects ,Mice ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Myelin Proteins/metabolism ,Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/toxicity ,Peptide Fragments/toxicity ,Phytotherap - Abstract
Since ancient times, Capparis species have been widely used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Our recent investigations have suggested Capparis ovata's potential anti-neuroinflammatory application for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The present study was designed to precisely determine the underlying mechanism of its anti-neuroinflammatory effect in a mouse model of MS. C. ovata water extract (COWE) was prepared using the plant's fruit, buds, and flower parts (Turkish Patent Institute, PT 2012/04,093). We immunized female C57BL/6J mice with MOG35-55/CFA. COWE was administered at a daily dose of 500mg/kg by oral gavage either from the day of immunization (T1) or at disease onset (T2) for 21days. Gene expression analysis was performed using a Mouse Multiple Sclerosis RT² Profiler PCR Array, and further determinations and validations of the identified genes were performed using qPCR. Whole-genome transcriptome profiling was analyzed using Agilent SurePrint G3 Mouse GE 8X60K microarrays. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to brain sections of the control and treated mice to examine the degree of degeneration. COWE was further fractionated and analyzed phytochemically using the Zivak Tandem Gold Triple Quadrupole LC/MS-MS system. COWE remarkably suppressed the development of EAE in T1, and the disease activity was completely inhibited. In the T2 group, the maximal score was significantly reduced compared with that of the parallel EAE group. The COWE suppression of EAE was associated with a significantly decreased expression of genes that are important in inflammatory signaling, such as TNFα, IL6, NF-κB, CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCK10. On the other hand, the expression of genes involved in myelination/remyelination was significantly increased. Immunohistochemical analysis further supported these effects, showing that the number of infiltrating immune cells was decreased in the brains of COWE-treated animals. In addition, differential expression profiling of the transcriptome revealed that COWE treatment caused the down regulation of a group of genes involved in the immune response, inflammatory response, antigen processing and presentation, B-cell-mediated immunity and innate immune response. Collectively, these results suggest anti-neuroinflammatory mechanisms by which COWE treatment delayed and suppressed the development of EAE and ameliorated the disease in mice with persistent clinical signs.
- Published
- 2016
8. ameliorates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis model of multiple
- Author
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Ozgun-Acar, O, Celik-Turgut, G, Gazioglu, I, Kolak, U, Ozbal, S, Ergur, BU, Arslan, S, Sen, A, and Topcu, G
- Subjects
profiling ,LC-MS-MS ,Immunohistochemistry ,Capparis ovata ,Multiple sclerosis ,Cytokine expression ,Transcriptome ,Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis ,Anti-neuroinflammatoty - Abstract
Since ancient times, Capparis species have been widely used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Our recent investigations have suggested Capparis ovata's potential anti-neuroinflammatory application for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The present study was designed to precisely determine the underlying mechanism of its anti-neuroinflammatory effect in a mouse model of MS. C. ovata water extract (COWE) was prepared using the plant's fruit, buds, and flower parts (Turkish Patent Institute, PT 2012/04,093). We immunized female C57BL/6 J mice with MOG(35_55)/CFA. COWE was administered at a daily dose of 500 mg/Kg by oral gavage either from the day of immunization (T1) or at disease onset (12) for 21 days. Gene expression analysis was performed using a Mouse Multiple Sclerosis RT2 Profiler PCR Array, and further determinations and validations of the identified genes were performed using qPCR. Whole-genome transcriptome profiling was analyzed using Agilent SurePrint G3 Mouse GE 8X60K microarrays. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to brain sections of the control and treated mice to examine the degree of degeneration. COWE was further fractionated and analyzed phytochemically using the Zivak Tandem Gold Triple Quadrupole LC/MS-MS system. COWE remarkably suppressed the development of EAE in T1, and the disease activity was completely inhibited. In the T2 group, the maximal score was significantly reduced compared with that of the parallel EAE group. The COWE suppression of EAE was associated with a significantly decreased expression of genes that are important in inflammatory signaling, such as TNF alpha, IL6, NF-kappa B, CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCK10. On the other hand, the expression of genes involved in myelination/remyelination was significantly increased. Immunohistochemical analysis further supported these effects, showing that the number of infiltrating immune cells was decreased in the brains of COWE-treated animals. In addition, differential expression profiling of the transcriptome revealed that COWE treatment caused the down regulation of a group of genes involved in the immune response, inflammatory response, antigen processing and presentation, B-cell-mediated immunity and innate immune response. Collectively, these results suggest anti-neuroinflammatory mechanisms by which COWE treatment delayed and suppressed the development of EAE and ameliorated the disease in mice with persistent clinical signs. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2016
9. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND PHENOLIC-FLAVONOID CONTENTS OF BILBERRY EXTRACTS
- Author
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HACIBEKİROĞLU, İ., KOLAK*, U., and I. HACIBEKİROĞLU, U. KOLAK*, İ. Hacibekiroğlu, U. Kolak
- Subjects
Farmakoloji ve Eczacılık ,Pharmacology and Pharmacy ,Bilberry,Antioxidant activity,Anticholinesterase activity - Abstract
Bu çalışmada, yaban mersini bitkisinin çiçek kısımlarının petrol eteri, diklorometan, metanol ve sıcak su ekstreleri hazırlandı. Bu ekstrelerin toplam fenolik madde miktarları pirokatekole eşdeğer, toplam flavonoit madde miktarları kersetine eşdeğer olarak belirlendi. Antioksidan tayin yöntemleri olarak, DPPH serbest radikal ve ABTS katyon radikali giderim, β-karoten renk açılım ve CUPRAC yöntemleri kullanıldı. Metanol ekstresi bu yöntemlerin ikisinde en yüksek antioksidan aktiviteyi gösterdi. Ekstrelerin antikolinesteraz aktiviteleri, asetilkolinesteraz ve bütirilkolinesteraz enzimlerinin inhibisyonuna dayanan Ellman yöntemi ile belirlendi. Metanol ekstresi bütirilkolinesteraza karşı en yüksek aktiviteyi gösterdi. Yaban mersini bitkisinin çiçek kısımlarının ekstrelerinin antioksidan ve antikolinesteraz aktiviteleri ilk kez bu çalışma ile belirlendi., In this study, the petroleum ether, dichloromethane, methanol and hot waterextracts were prepared from bilberry blooms. Total phenolic and flavonoidcontents of these extracts were determined as pyrocatechol and quercetinequivalents, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was investigatedby using four methods including DPPH free radical and ABTS cation radicalscavenging, β-carotene bleaching and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity(CUPRAC) assays. The methanol extract showed the highest antioxidant activityin two assays. The anticholinesterase effect of the extracts was determined byusing Ellman method via inhibition of acetyl- (AChE) and butyryl-cholinesterase(BChE) enzymes. The strongest inhibition against BChE was observed for themethanol extract. The antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential of bilberrybloom extracts was determined for the first time.
- Published
- 2014
10. GC-MS Analysis of the Antioxidant Active Fractions of Micromeria juliana with Anticholinesterase Activity
- Author
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Mehmet Öztürk, Kolak, U., Duru, M. E., Harmandar, M., MÜ, Fen Fakültesi, Kimya Bölümü, Öztürk, Mehmet, Duru, Mehmet Emin, and Harmandar, Mansur
- Subjects
Micromeria Juliana ,Lamiaceae ,Antioxidant Activity ,Anticholinesterase Activity - Abstract
0000-0001-8932-4535 WOS: 000270962500023 PubMed ID: 19831043 The aerial parts of Micromeria juliana (L.) Bentham ex Reichb. were extracted with light petroleum, acetone and methanol, successively. The antioxidant activity of different concentrations of the extracts was evaluated using different antioxidant tests, namely total antioxidant (lipid peroxidation inhibition activity), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and metal chelating. Total antioxidant activity was determined using the beta-carotene-linoleic acid assay. Unexpectedly, the light petroleum extract exhibited strong lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. The extract was fractionated on a silica gel column and the antioxidant activity of the fractions was determined by the beta-carotene-linoleic assay at 25 mu g/rnL concentration. The fractions that exhibited more than 50% inhibition activity were analysed by GC and GC/MS; thus, the structure of fourteen compounds were elucidated. In addition, acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibitory activities of the extracts were also determined in vitro. The light petroleum and acetone extracts Were found to have mild butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. State Planning organization of TurkeyTurkiye Cumhuriyeti Kalkinma Bakanligi [DPT 2003KI208500] This study is a part of M.O's Ph.D. thesis. This study was partly supported by State Planning organization of Turkey (DPT 2003KI208500). We also would like to thank to Dr Tuncay DIRMENCI, Necati Bey Education Faculty, Department of Biology Education, Balikesir Oniversity, Turkey, for the identification of the plant sample. GC and GC-MS spectra were performed at the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University Of Mugla.
- Published
- 2009
11. Aflatoxins in various food from Istanbul, Turkey
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Hacıbekiroğlu, I., primary and Kolak, U., additional
- Published
- 2013
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12. Cardioactive Diterpenes From The Roots Of Salvia Eriophora
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Ulubelen, A, Birman, H, Oksuz, S, Topcu, G, Kolak, U, Barla, A, and Voelter, W
- Abstract
From the roots of Salvia eriophora (Lamiaceae), a new compound, 4,14-dhydroxysaprorthoquinone, was isolated in addition to ten known diterpenoids. The structure of the new compound was established by spectroscopic analysis. The crude extract of the plant and the isolated diterpenoids were tested for their cardiovascular activities using Wistar Albino rats. Activity was demonstrated in the crude extract and in 4,14-dihydroxysaprorthoquinone, aethiopinone, ferruginol, 4,12-dihydroxysapriparaquinone, and 6,7-dehydroroyleanone.
- Published
- 2002
13. Phytochemical and biological investigations on Mentha longifolia subsp. noena
- Author
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Ertaş, A, primary, Gören, AC, additional, Haşimi, N, additional, Tolan, V, additional, and Kolak, U, additional
- Published
- 2012
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14. ChemInform Abstract: Norditerpenoid Alkaloids from the Roots of Aconitum leave Royle
- Author
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Ulubelen, A., primary, Mericli, A. H., additional, Mericli, F., additional, Kolak, U., additional, Arfan, M., additional, Ahmad, M., additional, and Ahmad, H., additional
- Published
- 2010
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15. Two New Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum cochleare
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Kolak, U., primary, Tuerkekul, A., additional, Oezgoekce, F., additional, and Ulubelen, A., additional
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- 2006
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16. A potential therapeutic role in multiple sclerosis for stigmast-5,22-dien-3β-ol myristate isolated from Capparis ovata
- Author
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Acar Ozden Ozgun, Gazioglu Isil, Kolak Ufuk, Sen Alaattin, and Topcu Gulacti
- Subjects
Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the human central nervous system. It is one of the most common neurological disorders around the world and there is still no complete cure for MS. Purification of a terpenoid from Capparis ovata was carried out and its structure was elucidated as stigmast-5,22-dien-3β-ol, myristate (3β,22E-stigmasteryl myristate; SDM) by NMR and mass spectral analyses. No information regarding its any health effect is available in the literature. In the present study, we have described its effects on inflammatory factors such as the expression levels of cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules as well as apoptosis/infiltration and myelination in SH-SY5Y cells. The expression levels of proinflammatory or inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as NF-κB1, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10 and HIF1A along with T-cell activating cytokines such as IL-6 and TGFB1 were significantly downregulated with SDM treatment. Moreover, the expression levels of the main myelin proteins such as MBP, MAG and PLP that are essential for healthy myelin architecture were significantly up-regulated. The results presented in this study strongly suggest that the SDM offers a unique possibility to be used with autoimmune diseases, including MS due to its activity on the manipulation of cytokines and the promotion of myelin formation.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Diterpenoids from the roots of Salvia bracteata
- Author
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Ulubelen, A., Oksuz, S., Kolak, U., Tan, N., Bozok-Johansson, C., Celik, C., Kohlbau, H.-J.H.-J., and Voelter, W.
- Published
- 1999
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18. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium crispulum
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Ulubelen, A., Mericli, A. H., Mericli, F., Kolak, U. S., Ilarslan, R., and Voelter, W.
- Published
- 1998
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19. Phytochemical investigation of leontice leontopetalum L. subsp. ewersmannii with antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities
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Kolak, U., Hacibekiroǧlu, I., Boǧa, M., Özgökçe, F., Ünal, M., M. Iqbal Choudhary, Ulubelen, A., and GAZİOĞLU, IŞIL
- Subjects
Leontice leontopetalum L. subsp. ewersmannii ,lcsh:Chemistry ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,Kolak U., Hacibekiroglu I., Boga M., Özgökçe F., Ünal M., CHOUDHARY M. I. , Ulubelen A., -Phytochemical Investigation of Leontice leontopetalum L. subsp ewersmannii with Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities-, RECORDS OF NATURAL PRODUCTS, cilt.5, ss.309-313, 2011 ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,lcsh:Botany ,lupanine ,heterocyclic compounds ,Berberidaceae ,anticholinesterase ,lcsh:QK1-989 - Abstract
Two known quinolizidine alkaloids, lupanine and leontiformidine, were isolated from the tubers of L. leontopetalum subsp. ewersmannii. Lupanine having the highest inhibition of lipid peroxidation at 100 mu g/mL among the tested samples indicated almost the same ABTS cation radical scavenging activity with BHT, alpha-tocopherol and (+)-catechin at the same concentration. Lupanine and the alkaloidal extract showed almost the same butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with galantamine at 200 mu g/mL. Abstract:wo known quinolizidine alkaloids, lupanine and leontiformidine, were isolated from the tubers of L.leontopetalum subsp. ewersmannii. Lupanine having the highest inhibition of lipid peroxidation at 100 μg/mLamong the tested samples indicated almost the same ABTS cation radical scavenging activity with BHT, a-tocopherol and (+)-catechin at the same concentration. Lupanine and the alkaloidal extract showed almost thesame butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with galantamine at 200 μg/mL.Keywords: Leontice leontopetalum L. subsp. ewersmannii; Berberidaceae; lupanine; anticholinesterase.
20. Norditerpenoid Alkaloids from the Roots of Aconitum leave Royle.
- Author
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Ulubelen, A., Mericli, A. H., Mericli, F., Kolak, U., Arfan, M., Ahmad, M., and Ahmad, H.
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- 2002
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21. Antioxidant activity of Erica arborea.
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Ay M, Bahadori F, Oztürk M, Kolak U, and Topçu G
- Abstract
The antioxidant properties of the methanol extract of leaves and flowers of Erica arborea and the ethyl acetate, butanol and water soluble fractions were investigated. The ethyl acetate extract was found to be the richest for phenolic and flavonoid content which showed the highest antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
22. Ultrasound- and Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction of Parabens from Personal Care Products and Urine, Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.
- Author
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Köseoğlu Yılmaz P and Kolak U
- Abstract
Objectives: Parabens, which are p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, are used as preservatives in personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and food because of their antimicrobial activity. However, they are also classified as suspected endocrine disruptors and carcinogens. In the present study, we aimed to optimize an ultrasound and vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure for the simultaneous extraction of methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, propyl, isobutyl, and butyl parabens from personal care products and urine., Materials and Methods: The extraction solvent type, extraction solvent volume, disperser solvent volume, sodium chloride concentration, ultrasonication time, and vortex application time were evaluated to obtain optimum recoveries by ultrasound and vortex-assisted DLLME. Parabens were detected using a validated high performanc-liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection. Method validation was performed by examining linearity, the limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, and precision., Results: The limits of detection and quantification of the HPLC method were between 0.09-0.18 μg/mL and 0.28-0.54 μg/mL, respectively. Precision was examined as the relative standard deviation, which was 0.22-1.81% and 1.12-2.03% for intra- and interday studies. Recovery percentages were higher than 96.00%. Samples of two paraben-free personal care products and synthetic urine were spiked with the analyses at 0.02 μg/mL and were successfully analyzed using the developed procedure with recovery values higher than 82.00%., Conclusion: The proposed procedure provided quantification of selected parabens at 20 ng/mL in analyzed personal care products and urine matrices with good precision and accuracy.
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- 2023
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23. Development and Validation of a SPE-HPLC Method for Quantification of Rhein, Emodin, Chrysophanol and Physcion in Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss. & Balansa.
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Köseoğlu Yılmaz P and Kolak U
- Abstract
Anthraquinones exhibit a significant group of natural and synthetic quinone derivatives because of their biological activities and industrial applications. Rhamnaceae is one of the families known to contain different kinds of anthraquinones. In this study, it was aimed to quantify rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion in fruits of Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss. & Balansa belonging to Rhamnaceae by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The anthraquinones were separated using a C18 analytical column. Gradient elution was performed using a mobile phase consisted of 0.1% o-phosphoric acid solution and methanol. Analytes were detected at 254 nm. Calibration curves were prepared in the range of 0.25-5.00 μg/mL for rhein, chrysophanol, physcion, 1.00-50.00 μg/mL for emodin. Limits of detection and quantification were between 0.07-0.11 and 0.20-0.34 μg/mL, respectively. Relative standard deviations were ≤ 5.78% in repeatability and intermediate precision studies. Accuracy was determined as relative mean error (8.17-12.06%). Extraction was achieved by maceration with acetone and ethanol, followed by hydrophilic-lipophilic balance solid phase extraction. Recoveries were between 96.2 and 109.6%. The developed and validated method was successfully performed to quantify rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion in R. petiolaris fruit extracts. Only physcion was not detected above limit of detection., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press.)
- Published
- 2023
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24. Development and Validation of a Novel LC-MS/MS Method for the Quantitation of 19 Fingerprint Phytochemicals in Salvia Species: A Chemometric Approach.
- Author
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Yilmaz MA, Ertas A, Yener I, Olmez OT, Firat M, Temel H, Ozturk M, and Kolak U
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- Abietanes, Apigenin analysis, Caffeic Acids, Chemometrics, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Chromatography, Liquid methods, Ethanol, Glucosides chemistry, Luteolin analysis, Phytochemicals analysis, Plant Extracts chemistry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Salvia chemistry, Teas, Herbal analysis
- Abstract
Being traditionally utilized mainly as appetizers and herbal teas as well as used to ease abdominal pains, colds and gastrointestinal issues, the genus Salvia L. has gained significant consideration owing to its remarkable phytochemicals and industrial importance. The present study aimed to develop and validate an LC-MS/MS method for the qualitative and quantitative investigation of 19 fingerprint phytochemicals in six endemic Salvia species. The validation parameters of the developed LC-MS/MS method were repeatability (intermediate precision), recovery (accuracy), limits of detection and quantification, linearity and uncertainty (U% at 95% confidence level (k = 2)). Reversed-phase HPLC separation and mass spectrometry parameters were optimized for each analyte. Ethanol extracts of the studied Salvia species collected in three consecutive years were screened for their fingerprint phytochemicals by using the developed and validated LC-MS/MS method. Moreover, studied Salvia species were subjected to multivariate analysis such as principal component analysis techniques to demonstrate the variabilities in phytochemical contents by years and parts of the samples. Roots, flowers, leaves, branches and whole plant of the Salvia species collected in 2015, 2016 and 2017 were used for the analyses. It was observed that the roots and branches of Salvia species were similar in terms of their salvianolic acid A, caffeic acid, and 6,7-dehydroroyleanone components. Accordingly, apigenin, rosmarinic acid, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, caffeic acid, salvianolic acid B, and 6,7-dehydroroyleanone were notable phytochemicals that were present in the studied Salvia species., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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25. Investigation of cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 63 compounds obtained from Salvia species: Promising anticancer agents.
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Irtegun Kandemir S, Fidan HS, Yener I, Mete N, Ertas A, Topcu G, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Antioxidants, Furans, Phenanthrenes, Quinones, bcl-2-Associated X Protein, Antineoplastic Agents, Diterpenes pharmacology, Salvia, Triterpenes pharmacology
- Abstract
Since ancient time, Salvia L. species have been commonly used to treat colds, bronchitis, tuberculosis, heart diseases, and menstrual and digestive disorders in traditional medicine all around the world. They have been also used as tea and spice. Studies indicated that diterpenes and triterpenes isolated from Salvia species possess various pharmacological and biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and hepatotoxic activities. Flavones were also shown to have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potentials. Salvia extracts also exhibit anti-Alzheimer, antiseptic, cardiovascular, antihypertensive, and antituberculous effects. To investigate the effects of 63 secondary metabolites from Salvia species on cell viability and apoptosis, Salvia secondary metabolites including 25 phenolics, 4 fatty acids, 19 abietane diterpenoids, 12 triterpenoids, and three steroids were examined on healthy cell line (PDF), breast cancer (MCF-7), and colon cancer (HT-29) cell lines using MTT method. In addition, the effects of rosmarinic acid, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, acetyl royleanone, ferruginol, carnosic acid, carnosol, cryptotanshinone, β-sitosterol, and ursolic acid on pro-apoptotic Bax and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression levels were investigated by Western Blot method. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Phenolic compounds (apigenin, chrysin, and luteolin) and diterpenes (especially dihydrotanshinone I, carnosic acid, and carnosol), and almost all of the triterpenes exhibited high toxic effects on healthy cell line. Cytotoxic effects of cryptotanshinone, 12-hydroxy abieta-1,3,5(10),8,11,13-hexaene, 12-demethylmulticauline, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, acetyl royleanone, ferruginol, ursolic acid, and 3-acetyl lupeol were relatively higher than their toxic effects. Acetyl royleanone, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, carnosic acid, and cryptotanshinone were found to have anticancer potential based on their modulating effects on the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins which play important roles in the regulation of apoptosis. The results of the present study showed that acetyl royleanone, cryptotanshinone, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, carnosic acid, and cryptotanshinone have potential to be used in the pharmaceutical industry., (© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2022
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26. Determination of essential oil and biological activities of Hypericum ternatum Poulter and H. scabrum L. species collected from different localities: is H. scabrum an alternative to multifunctional species ST JOHN'S WORT ( H. perforatum )?
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Akdeniz M, Yener İ, Irtegün Kandemir S, Özhan Kocakaya Ş, Firat M, Yiğitkan S, Haşimi N, Ertaş A, and Kolak U
- Abstract
The importance of Hypericum L. species, being used in traditional medicine, in the scientific world is increasing day by day. Hypericum species are plants that have been used in the treatment of many diseases for a long time and have healing properties. In the current study, the essential oil compositions of Hypericum scabrum L. and H. ternatum Poulter collected from different localities in Turkey were determined by GC-MS/FID. In addition, their antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities with their enzyme inhibitory potentials (cholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase) were investigated. Also, in vitro and in silico studies of the major components of the species have been carried out on the studied enzymes. It was determined that four H. scabrum samples mainly contained α-pinene (55.99%-62.80%) while three H. ternatum samples contained 2-methyloctane (9.45%-22.39%) and α-pinene (12.75%-33.08%). While H. scabrum essential oils possessed significant biological activity potential except for the antimicrobial activity, H. ternatum samples did not. All essential oil samples of H. scabrum exhibited a high cytotoxic effect (IC
50 21.67 ± 0.34 to 34.67 ± 0.45 μg/mL) against colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and indicated higher acetyl-(Inhibiton% 83.30 ± 1.90 to 93.08 ± 1.04) and butyryl-cholinesterase (Inhibiton% 80.58 ± 1.19 to 93.28 ± 1.99) inhibitory activity than the standard compound, galantamine. Furthermore, all samples of H. scabrum showed high tyrosinase (Inhibiton% 69.00 ± 1.64 to 95.25 ± 1.42) and elastase (Inhibiton% 27.58 ± 0.34 to 36.69 ± 0.18) inhibitory effects. These biological activity results indicated that H. scabrum essential oil could be used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© TÜBİTAK.)- Published
- 2022
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27. Essential Oil, Aroma, and Fatty Acid Profiles of Five Endemic Salvia Taxa from Turkey with Chemometric Analysis.
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Ertas A, Akdeniz M, Yener I, Ozturk M, Tokul Olmez O, Firat M, and Kolak U
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- Fatty Acids analysis, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Oils, Volatile analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Salvia metabolism, Turkey, Fatty Acids chemistry, Odorants analysis, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Salvia chemistry
- Abstract
The essential oil, aroma, and fatty acid compositions of Salvia cerino-pruinosa var. cerino-pruinosa, S. cerino-pruinosa var. elazigensis, S. pseudeuphratica, S. rosifolia, and S. kurdica collected in 2015, 2016, and 2017 were analysed by GC-FID, GC/MS/Head Space and GC/MS. The results were evaluated chemometrically for principal component analyses and hierarchical clustering analyses using Minitab program. The main components of their essential oils have been determined as germacrene-D (41.79 % highest for these species), camphor (55.80 %), linalool (33.38 %), caryophyllene oxide (32.99 %), 1,8-cineole (26.30 %) and geraniol acetate (31.63 %), while for aroma 1,8-cineole (45.95 % highest for these species), camphor (58.54 %), D-limonene (40.83 %), linalool (27.67 %) and cis-linalool oxide (25.87 %). Oleic (72.65 % highest for these species), erucic (44.61 %), 2-palmitoleic (42.17 %) and nervonic (32.61 %) acids were determined as major components of their fatty acids. According to the PCA and HCA, the essential oil components of these Salvia taxa unaffected by the years, and accordingly, the Salvia taxa grouped among themselves., (© 2021 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)
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- 2022
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28. Phytochemical Fingerprints and Bioactivities of Ripe Disseminules (Fruit-Seeds) of Seventeen Gundelia (Kenger-Kereng Dikeni) Species from Anatolia with Chemometric Approach.
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Ertas A, Firat M, Yener I, Akdeniz M, Yigitkan S, Bakir D, Cakir C, Abdullah Yilmaz M, Ozturk M, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Antioxidants chemistry, Asteraceae metabolism, Butyrylcholinesterase chemistry, Butyrylcholinesterase metabolism, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Enzyme Inhibitors isolation & purification, Enzyme Inhibitors metabolism, Fatty Acids chemistry, Fatty Acids isolation & purification, Fruit chemistry, Fruit metabolism, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Monophenol Monooxygenase antagonists & inhibitors, Monophenol Monooxygenase metabolism, Phenols chemistry, Phenols isolation & purification, Phenols metabolism, Phytochemicals isolation & purification, Phytochemicals metabolism, Principal Component Analysis, Seeds chemistry, Seeds metabolism, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Urease antagonists & inhibitors, Urease metabolism, Asteraceae chemistry, Enzyme Inhibitors chemistry, Phytochemicals chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry
- Abstract
Gundelia species are known as "Kenger-kereng dikeni" in Anatolia, and their aerial parts are consumed as food. Also, roots and seeds (disseminules) of the Gundelia species are used to prepare gum and coffee. The chemical contents of ethanol and hexane extracts of disseminules of 17 Gundelia species, 13 of them are endemic, were studied using LC/MS/MS and GC/MS. Additionally, their antioxidant potential and enzyme inhibitory capacity against acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase, urease, and tyrosinase were determined. The unsaturated fatty acid ratios of Gundelia species were higher than their saturated fatty acid ratio. The highest sum of oleic and linoleic acid was detected in G. tournefortii var. tenuisecta (70.42 %). β-Sitosterol, α-amyrin, 3-acetyllupeol were identified in 17 Gundelia species by GC/MS, while chlorogenic acid and luteolin by LC/MS/MS as major compounds. The ethanol and hexane extracts of G. siirtica, G. rosea, and G. mesopotamica indicated good cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Among all species, ethanol extract of G. colemerikensis exhibited the best activity in ABTS (IC
50 : 32.30±0.98 μg/mL), DPPH (IC50 : 59.91±0.89 μg/mL), and CUPRAC (A0.5 : 57.41±1.03 μg/mL) assays. Ethanol extract of G. colemerikensis also displayed the highest inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (51.14±0.25 % at 200 μg/mL), urease (51.71±1.75 % at 200 μg/mL), and tyrosinase (39.50±0.85 % at 200 μg/mL) enzymes. According to the chemometric analysis of fatty acids, four groups were observed. Therefore, it is suggested that G. colemerikensis can be used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to its antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties., (© 2021 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)- Published
- 2021
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29. Triterpenoids and steroids isolated from Anatolian Capparis ovata and their activity on the expression of inflammatory cytokines.
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Gazioglu I, Semen S, Acar OO, Kolak U, Sen A, and Topcu G
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- Capparis, Cell Line, Cytokines metabolism, Fatty Acids, Humans, Molecular Structure, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Cytokines drug effects, Plant Extracts chemistry, Steroids pharmacology, Triterpenes pharmacology
- Abstract
Context: Capparis L. (Capparaceae) is grown worldwide. Caper has been used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases including rheumatism, kidney, liver, stomach, as well as headache and toothache., Objective: To isolate and elucidate of the secondary metabolites of the C. ovata extracts which are responsible for their anti-inflammatory activities., Materials and Methods: Buds, fruits, flowers, leaves and stems of C. ovata Desf. was dried, cut to pieces, then ground separately. From their dichloromethane/hexane (1:1) extracts, eight compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by NMR, mass spectroscopic techniques. The effects of compounds on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in SH-SY5Y cell lines were examined by qRT-PCR ranging from 4 to 96 µM. Cell viability was expressed as a percentage of the control, untreated cells., Results: This is a first report on isolation of triterpenoids and steroids from C. ovata with anti-inflammatory activity. One new triterpenoid ester olean-12-en-3β,28-diol, 3β-pentacosanoate ( 1 ) and two new natural steroids 5α,6α-epoxycholestan-3β-ol ( 5 ) and 5β,6β-epoxycholestan-3β-ol ( 6 ) were elucidated besides known compounds; oleanolic acid ( 2 ), ursolic acid ( 3 ), β-sitosterol ( 4 ), stigmast-5,22-dien-3β-myristate ( 7 ) and bismethyl-octylphthalate ( 8 ). mRNA expression levels as EC
10 of all the tested seven genes were decreased, particularly CXCL9 (19.36-fold), CXCL10 (8.14-fold), and TNF (18.69) by the treatment of 26 µM of compound 1 on SH-SY5Y cells., Discussion and Conclusions: Triterpenoids and steroids isolated from C. ovata were found to be moderate-strong anti-inflammatory compounds. Particularly, compounds 1 and 3 were found to be promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.- Published
- 2020
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30. Selective in vitro and in silico enzymes inhibitory activities of phenolic acids and flavonoids of food plants: Relations with oxidative stress.
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Yener I, Kocakaya SO, Ertas A, Erhan B, Kaplaner E, Oral EV, Yilmaz-Ozden T, Yilmaz MA, Ozturk M, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Acetylcholinesterase chemistry, Acetylcholinesterase metabolism, Animals, Antioxidants chemistry, Binding Sites, Catalytic Domain, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival drug effects, Cholinesterase Inhibitors metabolism, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology, Flavonoids metabolism, Flavonoids pharmacology, Humans, Hydroxybenzoates metabolism, Molecular Docking Simulation, Monophenol Monooxygenase antagonists & inhibitors, Monophenol Monooxygenase metabolism, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plants, Edible metabolism, Cholinesterase Inhibitors chemistry, Flavonoids chemistry, Hydroxybenzoates chemistry, Plants, Edible chemistry
- Abstract
In this study, the inhibitory potentials of food originated 34 phenolic acids, and flavonoid compounds were screened against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, urease, and tyrosinase enzymes. All compounds included in this study exhibited high antioxidant activity with an ignorable cytotoxic activity. In general, they also showed poor anti-urease and anti-tyrosinase activities. Compounds in aglycone form (quercetin, myricetin, chrysin, and luteolin) showed strong anticholinesterase activities. No relation was observed between the tested bioactivities except from the case that aglycone compounds exhibited a strong positive relationship between antioxidant activities and anticholinesterase activity. Interestingly, there was a relation between the molecular weights of aglycone compounds and their anticholinesterase activities. The study showed that flavonoids with molecular mass of 250-320 g/mol have high potential of anticholinesterase activities and are valuable for future experiments on animals and humans. Potential inhibitory effects of these molecules on target proteins were investigated using docking and molecular dynamics calculations., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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31. A GC-MS method validation for quantitative investigation of some chemical markers in Salvia hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. of Turkey: Enzyme inhibitory potential of ferruginol.
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Bakir D, Akdeniz M, Ertas A, Yilmaz MA, Yener I, Firat M, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Abietanes, Chromatography, Liquid, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Pentacyclic Triterpenes, Plant Extracts, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Turkey, Salvia
- Abstract
In the present study, a GC-MS method used for quantitative screening of 26 compounds (sclareolide, sclareol, ferruginol, cryptanol, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, suginal, 9,10-dihydro-7,8-dimethyl-2-(1-methylethyl) phenanthren-3-ol, sugiol, inuroyleanone, 12-demethylmulticauline, 7α-hydroxy-β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, salvigenin, sinensetin, α-amyrin, lupeol, lupenone, 3-acetyl lupeol, 1α,21α-dihydroxy-2,3-(1'1'-dimethyl-dioxymethylene) urs-9(11),12-dien, uvaol, betulin, pyxinol, lup-(20),29-ene-2α-hydroxy-3β-acetate, betulin 3β, 28β-diacetate, 21α-hydroxy,2α,3β-diacetoxy urs-9(11),12-dien) specific to Turkish Salvia species was developed and validated. According to the GC-MS analysis results, Salvia hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. roots were found to be rich in ferruginol (30787.97 µg/g extract) and lupenone (23276.21 µg/g extract), and leaves in lupeol (20625.92 µg/g extract). Additionally, the essential oil and aroma contents of this species were identified by GC-MS technique. According to the LC-MS/MS results, especially S. hypargeia leaf extract was rich in rosmarinic acid (38035.7 µg/g extract) and isoquercitrin (4136.91 µg/g extract). Furthermore, anticholinesterase, antiurease, antityrosinase and antielastase inhibitory, antioxidant, cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extracts, essential oil, and major components of the species were evaluated. Antioxidant potentials of all extracts of this species were quite high in all studied antioxidant methods. Moreover, butyrylcholinesterase and elastase inhibitory capacities of ferruginol, the major component of S. hypargeia roots, were notable. For these reasons, this species has a high potential for food and pharmaceutical industries. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This new GC-MS method was applied to S. hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. and it indicated that this species possessed high amount of ferruginol and lupeol, and that this species could be used for their natural sources. According to the results of the activity studies (antioxidant, anticholinesterase, tyrosinase, elastase, and cytotoxic), this method was used to exhibit which compound may be responsible for the activities. This developed and validated method could be easily applied to determine major/active/toxic secondary metabolites of Salvia species which are used and/or could be used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2020
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32. Phytochemical and biological investigations on two Nepeta species: Nepeta heliotropifolia and N. congesta subsp. cryptantha.
- Author
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Akdeniz M, Ertas A, Yener I, Firat M, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Chromatography, Liquid, Phytochemicals, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Nepeta, Oils, Volatile pharmacology
- Abstract
In the present study, the essential oil and aroma compositions of Nepeta heliotropifolia (NH) and N. congesta subsp. cryptantha (NC) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC/FID), and their phenolic compounds by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anticholinesterase, urease, and tyrosinase activities of essential oils obtained from NH and NC aerial parts and ethanol extracts prepared from different parts of NH and NC were investigated. The major constituent of water-distilled essential oils was found to be germacrene D (36.7% and 38.5%, respectively), and their main aroma component was eucalyptol (48.0% and 24.7%, respectively). Among the studied parts of NH and NC, their flowers extracts were found to be the richest in phenolic compounds and in which the most abundant compound was rosmarinic acid (8,909.91 and 4,317.20 μg/g, respectively). NH and NC flower extracts exhibited also strong antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays. Among the tested samples, NH essential oil indicated the best cytotoxic effect against PDF, HT-29, and MCF-7 (IC
50 52.34, 25.89, and 44.70 μg/ml, respectively), and the highest butyrylcholinesterase (77.21 ± 1.12% inhibition) and moderate acetylcholinesterase (41.36 ± 0.69% inhibition) inhibitory activities. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This is the first report on the essential oil and aroma compositions, the phenolic compounds, the antioxidant with total phenolic and flavonoid contents, cytotoxic, anticholinesterase, urease, and tyrosinase activities of Nepeta heliotropifolia and N. congesta subsp. cryptantha, except for their essential oil compositions. The reported results suggested that Nepeta heliotropifolia and N. congesta subsp. cryptantha flowers being rich in rosmarinic acid and having strong antioxidant potential, and NH essential oil possessing significant cytotoxic and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effect could be source for nutraceutical, food, and drug industries., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)- Published
- 2020
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33. Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activities of Natural Abietane Diterpenoids with Molecular Docking Studies.
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Topçu G, Akdemir A, Kolak U, Öztürk M, Boğa M, Bahadori F, and Çakmar SDH
- Subjects
- Acetylcholinesterase drug effects, Butyrylcholinesterase drug effects, Camphanes, Drug Discovery, Drugs, Chinese Herbal pharmacology, Molecular Docking Simulation, Panax notoginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Abietanes pharmacology, Antioxidants pharmacology, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology
- Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent causes of dementia in the world, and no drugs available that can provide a complete cure. Cholinergic neurons of the cerebral cortex of AD patients are lost due to increased activity of cholinesterase enzymes., Objective: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) are the two major classes of cholinesterases in the mammalian brain. The involvement of oxidative stress in the progression of AD is known. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine strong ChE inhibitors with anti-oxidant activity., Methods: In this study, 41 abietane diterpenoids have been assayed for antioxidant and anticholinesterase (both for AChE and BuChE) properties in vitro, which were previously isolated from Salvia species, and structurally determined by spectroscopic methods, particularly intensive 1D- and 2DNMR and mass experiments. Molecular modeling studies were performed to rationalize the in vitro ChE inhibitory activity of several abietane diterpenoids compared with galantamine., Results: Thirteen out of the tested 41 abietane diterpenoids exhibited at least 50% inhibition on either AChE or BuChE. The strongest inhibitory activity was obtained for Bractealine against BuChE (3.43 μM) and AChE (33.21 μM) while the most selective ligand was found to be Hypargenin E against BuChE enzyme (6.93 μM). A full correlation was not found between anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities. The results obtained from molecular modelling studies of Hypargenin E and Bractealine on AChE and BuChE were found to be in accordance with the in vitro anti-cholinesterase activity tests., Conclusion: Abietane diterpenoids are promising molecules for the treatment of mild-moderate AD., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)
- Published
- 2020
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34. SPE-HPLC Determination of Chlorogenic and Phenolic Acids in Coffee.
- Author
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Köseoglu Yilmaz P and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Limit of Detection, Linear Models, Reproducibility of Results, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Cinnamates analysis, Coffee chemistry, Quinic Acid analysis, Solid Phase Extraction methods
- Abstract
A new solid phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection was developed and validated for the determination of three chlorogenic acids (5-O-caffeoylquinic, 3-O-caffeoylquinic and 4-O-caffeoylquinic acids) and six phenolic acids (caffeic, ferulic, sinapic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) and vanillic acid (VA)) in coffee bean samples. Extraction was performed using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance cartridges. Separations were accomplished using a C18 guard column (10 × 2.1 mm, 3 µm) and a C18 analytical column (50 × 2.1 mm, 3 µm). o-Phosphoric acid solution (0.08%) and methanol/water/acetonitrile (85:10:5) solution were used as mobile phase with a gradient system. A UV detector was used at 325 nm for 5-O-caffeoylquinic, caffeic, 3-O-caffeoylquinic, 4-O-caffeoylquinic, ferulic, sinapic acids, and 215 nm for protocatechuic, PHBA and VA. Calibration equations and coefficients of determination were determined by least-squares method with weighting factor. Limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.15-0.69 and 0.46-2.09 mg/L, respectively. Precision and accuracy of the proposed method were investigated with coffee sample spiked at low, medium and high concentrations. The developed and validated method was applied for the determination of nine phenolic compounds in seven coffee bean samples from different origins with high accuracy and repeatability., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2017
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35. Method Validation for the Quantitative Analysis of Aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, and G2) and Ochratoxin A in Processed Cereal-Based Foods by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection.
- Author
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Gazioğlu I and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Food Handling, Sensitivity and Specificity, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Aflatoxins analysis, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Edible Grain microbiology, Ochratoxins analysis
- Abstract
Modified AOAC 991.31 and AOAC 2000.03 methods for the simultaneous determination of total aflatoxins (AFs), aflatoxin B1, and ochratoxin A (OTA) in processed cereal-based foods by RP-HPLC coupled with fluorescence detection were validated. A KOBRA® Cell derivatization system was used to analyze total AFs. One of the modifications was the extraction procedure of mycotoxins. Both AFs and OTA were extracted with methanol-water (75+25, v/v) and purified with an immunoaffinity column before HPLC analysis. The modified methods were validated by measuring the specificity, selectivity, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, recovery, LOD, and LOQ parameters. The validated methods were successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of mycotoxins in 81 processed cereal-based foods purchased in Turkey. These rapid, sensitive, simple, and validated methods are suitable for the simultaneous determination of AFs and OTA in the processed cereal-based foods.
- Published
- 2015
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36. Chemical profile and biological activities of Veronica thymoides subsp. pseudocinerea.
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Ertas A, Boga M, Kizil M, Ceken B, Goren AC, Hasimi N, Demirci S, Topcu G, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents isolation & purification, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants isolation & purification, Antioxidants pharmacology, DNA Damage drug effects, DNA Damage physiology, Fatty Acids chemistry, Fatty Acids isolation & purification, Fatty Acids pharmacology, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile isolation & purification, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Veronica
- Abstract
Context: In Turkey, Veronica species (Plantaginaceae) have been used as a diuretic and for wound healing in traditional medicine., Objective: To examine the fatty acid and essential oil profiles, the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, and DNA damage effects of Veronica thymoides P.H. Davis subsp. pseudocinerea M.A. Fischer as a potential source of natural active compounds., Materials and Methods: GC/MS was used to analyze essential oil and fatty acid obtained from whole plant. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the β-carotene-linoleic acid test system, DPPH-free and ABTS cation radicals scavenging, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays. The anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities were determined by Ellman and broth macrodillution methods, respectively. The effect of the methanol extract on DNA cleavage was investigated., Results: Hexatriacontene (21.0%) was found to be the main constituent in essential oil, and linoleic acid (25.2%) and palmitic acid (20.6%) in fatty acid. Methanol extract demonstrated the best IC50 values in lipid peroxidation (49.81 ± 0.31 µg/ml) and DPPH-free radical scavenging activity (15.32 ± 0.17 µg/ml). Methanol and water extracts possessed strong ABTS cation radical scavenging activity with IC50 values 9.15 ± 0.28 and 8.90 ± 0.1 µg/ml, respectively. The acetone extract exhibited moderate butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The highest antimicrobial activity was determined in methanol extract against Escherichia coli with 31.25 µg/ml MIC value. Inhibition of methanol extract on plasmid DNA cleavage by OH radicals was found to be 93.32% at 500 µg/ml., Conclusion: The methanol extract having strong antioxidant and DNA damage effects could be investigated phytochemically to find natural active compounds.
- Published
- 2015
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37. In vitro biological activities and fatty acid profiles of Pistacia terebinthus fruits and Pistacia khinjuk seeds.
- Author
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Hacıbekiroğlu I, Yılmaz PK, Haşimi N, Kılınç E, Tolan V, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Anti-Infective Agents chemistry, Antioxidants chemistry, Flavonoids chemistry, Fruit chemistry, Oleic Acid chemistry, Phenols chemistry, Seeds chemistry, Cholinesterase Inhibitors chemistry, Fatty Acids chemistry, Pistacia chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry
- Abstract
This study reports in vitro anticholinesterase, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol and ethanol-water extracts prepared from Pistacia terebinthus L. fruits and Pistacia khinjuk Stocks seeds as well as their total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and fatty acid compositions. Ethanol and ethanol-water extracts of both species exhibited higher anticholinesterase activity than galanthamine. Among ABTS, DPPH and CUPRAC assays, the highest antioxidant capacity of the extracts was found in the last one. P. terebinthus ethanol extract being rich in flavonoid content showed the best cupric reducing effect. All extracts possessed no antimicrobial activity. The main fatty acid in P. terebinthus fruits (52.52%) and P. khinjuk seeds (59.44%) was found to be oleic acid. Our results indicate that P. terebinthus fruits and P. khinjuk seeds could be a good source of anticholinesterase compounds, and could be phytochemically investigated.
- Published
- 2015
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38. Chemical constituents and biological activities of Cirsium leucopsis, C. sipyleum, and C. eriophorum.
- Author
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Boğa M, Yilmaz PK, Cebe DB, Fatima M, Siddiqui BS, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Anions, Antioxidants chemistry, Biphenyl Compounds chemistry, Cations, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cirsium classification, Fatty Acids chemistry, Flavonoids chemistry, Free Radical Scavengers chemistry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Phenol chemistry, Picrates chemistry, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Cirsium chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry
- Abstract
Two endemic Cirsium species, C. leucopsis DC. and C. sipyleum O. Schwarz, and C. eriophorum (L.) Scop. growing in Turkey were investigated to establish their secondary metabolites, fatty acid compositions, and antioxidant and anticholinesterase potentials. Spectroscopic methods were used to elucidate the structures of thirteen known compounds (p-hydroxy-benzoic acid, vanillic acid, cis-epoxyconiferyl alcohol, syringin, balanophonin, 1'-O-methyl-balanophonin, apigenin, kaempferol-3- O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, taraxasterol, taraxasterol acetate, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside). cis-Epoxyconiferyl alcohol and 1'-O-methyl- balanophonin were isolated for the first time from Cirsium species. Palmitic acid (47.1%) was found to be the main fatty acid of C. leucopsis, linoleic acid in both C. sipyleum (42.1%) and C. eriophorum (37.8 %). Assays of β-carotene bleaching, scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals, 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium (ABTS) cation radicals, and superoxide anion radicals, as well as cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) were used to determine the antioxidant activities of the extracts and isolated compounds. Vanillic acid, balanohonin, and kaempferol-3-O-aαL-rhamnopyranoside exhibited strong antioxidant activity. Taraxa-terol was a potent inhibitor of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase activity, respectively.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Simultaneous determination of seven phthalic acid esters in beverages using ultrasound and vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
- Author
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Yılmaz PK, Ertaş A, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Calibration, Carbonated Beverages analysis, Energy Drinks analysis, Food Analysis methods, Fruit, Methanol chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Vegetables, Beverages analysis, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Esters analysis, Liquid Phase Microextraction, Phthalic Acids analysis, Ultrasonics
- Abstract
A sensitive, rapid, and simple high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection method was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven phthalic acid esters (dimethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and di-n-octyl phthalate) in several kinds of beverage samples. Ultrasound and vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method was used. The separation was performed using an Intersil ODS-3 column (C18 , 250 × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) and a gradient elution with a mobile phase consisting of MeOH/ACN (50:50) and 0.2 M KH2 PO4 buffer. Analytes were detected by a UV detector at 230 nm. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, repeatability, accuracy, and recovery. Calibration equations and correlation coefficients (> 0.99) were calculated by least squares method with weighting factor. The limit of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.019-0.208 and 0.072-0.483 μg/L. The repeatability and intermediate precision were determined in terms of relative standard deviation to be within 0.03-3.93 and 0.02-4.74%, respectively. The accuracy was found to be in the range of -14.55 to 15.57% in terms of relative error. Seventeen different beverage samples in plastic bottles were successfully analyzed, and ten of them were found to be contaminated by different phthalic acid esters., (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Chemical compositions by using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS and biological activities of Sedum sediforme (Jacq.) Pau.
- Author
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Ertaş A, Boğa M, Yılmaz MA, Yeşil Y, Haşimi N, Kaya MŞ, Temel H, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Antifungal Agents chemistry, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Antioxidants chemistry, Candida albicans drug effects, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Fatty Acids chemistry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry methods, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Phenols chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Plant Extracts chemistry, Sedum chemistry
- Abstract
In this research, the chemical composition and biological activities of various extracts obtained from whole parts of Sedum sediforme (Jacq.) Pau were compared. The amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid components in crude extracts were determined by expression as pyrocatechol and quercetin equivalents, respectively. All of the extracts (petroleum ether, acetone, methanol, and water) obtained from S. sediforme showed strong antioxidant activity in four tested methods. Particularly, the IC50 values of the methanol extract, which was the richest in terms of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, were found to be lower than those of α-tocopherol and BHT in β-carotene bleaching (9.78 ± 0.06 μg/mL), DPPH free radical scavenging (9.07 ± 0.07 μg/mL), and ABTS cation radical scavenging (5.87 ± 0.03 μg/mL) methods. Furthermore, the methanol extract of S. sediforme showed higher inhibition activity than galanthamine against acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase enzymes. Also, acetone and methanol extracts exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans. The main constituents of fatty acid and essential oil were identified as palmitic acid (C16:0) (28.8%) and α-selinene (20.4%), respectively, by GC-MS. In the methanol extract of S. sediforme, quercetin, rutin, naringenin, and protocatechuic, p-coumaric, caffeic, and chlorogenic acids were detected and quantified by LC-MS/MS. Results of the current study showed that the methanol extract of S. sediforme may also be used as a food supplement.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Essential oil compositions and anticholinesterase activities of two edible plants Tragopogon latifolius var. angustifolius and Lycopsis orientalis.
- Author
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Ertaş A, Gören AC, Boğa M, Yeşil Y, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Benzoquinones chemistry, Benzoquinones pharmacology, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Sesquiterpenes chemistry, Sesquiterpenes pharmacology, Cholinesterase Inhibitors chemistry, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plants, Edible chemistry, Plants, Medicinal chemistry, Tragopogon chemistry
- Abstract
This is the first report in the literature on essential oil compositions of Tragopogon latifolius var. angustifolius and Lycopsis orientalis which were analysed by using GC-FID and GC-MS techniques. The main constituents of T. latifolius var. angustifolius were identified as α-selinene (10.5%), 2,5-di-tert octyl-p-benzoquinone (9.5%) and valencene (7.0%); however, the main components of L. orientalis were identified as heptacosane (10.5%), τ-muurolene (9.6%) and tetratetracontane (9.4%). The essential oils of T. latifolius var. angustifolius and L. orientalis species exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase enzymes at 200 μg/mL.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Indole alkaloids from Vinca major and V. minor growing in Turkey.
- Author
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Bahadori F, Topçu G, Boğa M, Türkekul A, Kolak U, and Kartal M
- Subjects
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors chemistry, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology, Enzyme Activation drug effects, Lipid Peroxidation drug effects, Turkey, Indole Alkaloids chemistry, Indole Alkaloids pharmacology, Vinca chemistry
- Abstract
A new indole alkaloid, 11-hydroxypolyneuridine, was isolated from Vinca major subsp. major L. and the known indole alkaloids vallesiachotamine and isovallesiachotamine from Vinca minor L. This is the first report on the alkaloids of both Vinca species growing in Turkey; vallesiachotamine and isovallesiachotamine were isolated from a Vinca species for the first time. V. minor may be considered as a new source for these two alkaloids due to their occurrence in high amount in the aerial parts of the plant. The alkaloid extracts of the two Vinca species were found to have high lipid peroxidation inhibitory and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Anticholinesterase activity of the extracts was also very strong.
- Published
- 2012
43. Antioxidant and anticholinesterase constituents from the petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Iris suaveolens.
- Author
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Hacibekiroğlu I and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Antioxidants chemistry, Cholinesterase Inhibitors chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Plant Extracts chemistry, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Antioxidants pharmacology, Chloroform chemistry, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology, Iris chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of Iris suaveolens. After determining total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts prepared from the rhizomes, the antioxidant capacity of the extracts was established using β-carotene-linoleic acid and CUPRAC methods. The chloroform extract which was rich in phenolic content exhibited the highest inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the β-carotene-linoleic acid system, and the best cupric reducing antioxidant capacity among the tested extracts. The petroleum ether extract indicated moderate anticholinesterase activity while the chloroform extract revealed significant butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (75.03 ± 1.29%). Spectroscopic methods were used for the structural elucidation of the compounds (1-13) isolated from the petroleum ether and chloroform extracts. Coniferaldehyde (6), having the highest antioxidant activity in the β-carotene-linoleic acid assay at 25 and 50 µg/mL, demonstrated also the best effect in the CUPRAC method among the tested compounds (1-12). 3-Hydroxyirisquinone (10) showed the best anticholinesterase activity among the tested compounds (1-4, 6-12), and coniferaldehyde exhibited almost the same butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (82.60 ± 2.33%) as galantamine (86.26 ± 0.66%)., (Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of eleven edible plants.
- Author
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Boğa M, Hacıbekiroğlu I, and Kolak U
- Subjects
- Acetylcholinesterase metabolism, Antioxidants pharmacology, Butyrylcholinesterase metabolism, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Antioxidants isolation & purification, Cholinesterase Inhibitors isolation & purification, Plant Components, Aerial, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Plants, Edible
- Abstract
Context: Consumers have become more interested in beneficial effects of vegetables, fruits, and tea to protect their health., Objective: The antioxidant potential and anticholinesterase activity of eleven edible plants were investigated., Material and Methods: The dichloromethane, ethanol and water extracts prepared from celery [Apium graveolens L. (Umbelliferae)], Jerusalem artichoke [Helianthus tuberosus L. (Compositae)], spinach [Spinacia oleracea L. (Chenopodiaceae)], chard [Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla (Chenopodiaceae)], purslane [Portulaca oleracea L. (Portulacaceae)], ispit, or borage [Trachystemon orientale (L.) G. Don (Boraginaceae)], garden rocket [Eruca sativa Mill. (Brassicaceae)], red cabbage [Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra DC. (Cruciferae)], lime flower [Tilia tomentosa Moench (Tiliaceae)], cinnamon [Cinnamomum cassia Presl. (Lauraceae)], and rosehip [Rosa canina L. (Rosaceae)], were tested to determine their antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities by using CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) and Ellman methods, respectively, for the first time., Results: As a result, the dichloromethane, ethanol and water extracts of cinnamon showed the best antioxidant effect among the extracts of the tested plants. The ethanol extract of cinnamon exhibited 63.02% inhibition against acetylcholinesterase and 85.11% inhibition against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) at 200 µg/mL concentration while the dichloromethane extract of garden rocket possessed the highest inhibition (91.27%) against BChE among all the tested extracts., Discussion and Conclusion: This study indicated that the ethanol extract of cinnamon may be a new potential resource of natural antioxidant and anticholinesterase compounds.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. GC-MS analysis of the antioxidant active fractions of Micromeria juliana with anticholinesterase activity.
- Author
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Oztürk M, Kolak U, Duru ME, and Harmandar M
- Subjects
- Acetylcholinesterase metabolism, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants pharmacology, Biphenyl Compounds metabolism, Chelating Agents chemistry, Chelating Agents isolation & purification, Chelating Agents pharmacology, Cholinesterase Inhibitors chemistry, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology, Ferrous Compounds metabolism, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Picrates metabolism, Plant Components, Aerial chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry, beta Carotene metabolism, Antioxidants isolation & purification, Cholinesterase Inhibitors isolation & purification, Lamiaceae chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
The aerial parts of Micromeria juliana (L.) Bentham ex Reichb. were extracted with light petroleum, acetone and methanol, successively. The antioxidant activity of different concentrations of the extracts was evaluated using different antioxidant tests, namely total antioxidant (lipid peroxidation inhibition activity), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and metal chelating. Total antioxidant activity was determined using the beta-carotene-linoleic acid assay. Unexpectedly, the light petroleum extract exhibited strong lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. The extract was fractionated on a silica gel column and the antioxidant activity of the fractions was determined by the beta-carotene-linoleic assay at 25 microg/mL concentration. The fractions that exhibited more than 50% inhibition activity were analysed by GC and GC/MS; thus, the structure of fourteen compounds were elucidated. In addition, acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibitory activities of the extracts were also determined in vitro. The light petroleum and acetone extracts were found to have mild butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
- Published
- 2009
46. Antioxidant diterpenoids from the roots of Salvia barrelieri.
- Author
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Kolak U, Kabouche A, Oztürk M, Kabouche Z, Topçu G, and Ulubelen A
- Subjects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Lipid Peroxidation drug effects, Models, Molecular, Molecular Structure, beta Carotene chemistry, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants pharmacology, Diterpenes chemistry, Diterpenes pharmacology, Plant Roots chemistry, Salvia chemistry
- Abstract
Introduction: The phytochemical and biological studies carried out on Salvia species showed that their extracts and constituents have various biological activities., Objective: The aim of this study was the isolation of diterpenoids from the roots of Salvia barrelieri Ettling and the determination of the antioxidant activity., Methodology: Chromatographic methods were used for fractionation and isolation, respectively. Structure elucidation was established by spectroscopic methods. Five antioxidant assays were performed., Results: Three new abietane diterpenoids barreliol, royleanone 12-methyl ether and 7-epi-salviviridinol, and six known diterpenoids, with a known dammarane triterpenoid, pyxinol were isolated. The absolute stereochemistry of pyxinol was confirmed by X-ray analysis., Conclusion: Taxodione exhibited the highest antioxidant activity among the tested compounds.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. GC-MS analysis and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Stachys cretica subsp. smyrnaea.
- Author
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Oztürk M, Duru ME, Aydoğmuş-Oztürk F, Harmandar M, Mahliçli M, Kolak U, and Ulubelen A
- Subjects
- Bacteria drug effects, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Oils chemistry, Plant Oils pharmacology, Stachys chemistry
- Abstract
The essential oil from the aerial parts of Stachys cretica L. subsp. smyrnaea Rech. fil. (Lamiaceae), endemic to Turkey, was investigated by using GC and GC-MS. Thirty-four of 37 components, represented 99.7% of the total oil, were identified. The major components of the essential oil were trans-beta-caryophyllene (51.0%), germacrene-D (32.8%), a-humulene (3.1%), delta-cadinene (2.1%) and delta-elemene (2.1%). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil, trans-beta-caryophyllene and five different extracts of the aerial parts of S. cretica L. subsp. smyrnaea were investigated by the standard disc diffusion method. The essential oil and trans-beta-caryophyllene exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activities. The activity increased with increasing concentrations of the essential oil and the extracts. The essential oil showed antimicrobial activity, particularly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. The extracts exhibited either moderate or no activity.
- Published
- 2009
48. Isolation of fatty acids and aromatics from cell suspension cultures of Lavandula angustifolia.
- Author
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Topçu G, Herrmann G, Kolak U, Gören C, Porzel A, and Kutchan TM
- Subjects
- Cells, Cultured, Coumaric Acids chemistry, Fatty Acids chemistry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Lavandula cytology, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Sitosterols chemistry, Sitosterols isolation & purification, Coumaric Acids isolation & purification, Fatty Acids isolation & purification, Lavandula chemistry
- Abstract
Cell suspension cultures of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. ssp. angustifolia (syn.: L. officinalis Chaix.) afforded a fatty acid composition, cis and trans p-coumaric acids (=p-hydroxy cinnamic acids), and beta-sitosterol. The fatty acid composition was analyzed by GC-MS, and the structures of the isolated three compounds were determined by 1H- and 13C-NMR, and MS spectroscopic techniques.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Norditerpene alkaloids from Delphinium linearilobum and antioxidant activity.
- Author
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Kolak U, Oztürk M, Ozgökçe F, and Ulubelen A
- Subjects
- Alkaloids isolation & purification, Chelating Agents chemistry, Chelating Agents isolation & purification, Diterpenes isolation & purification, Free Radical Scavengers chemistry, Free Radical Scavengers isolation & purification, Iron chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods, Molecular Structure, Plant Roots chemistry, Plants, Medicinal chemistry, Alkaloids chemistry, Delphinium chemistry, Diterpenes chemistry
- Abstract
From the roots of Delphinium linearilobum (Trautv.) N. Busch two new norditerpene alkaloids linearilobin and linearilin, and the known alkaloids lycoctonine, 14-acetyltalatizamine, browniine, cammaconine, talatizamine, and cochlearenine were isolated. Spectroscopic techniques were used for structure determination. Antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH and metal chelating activity assays.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Two new diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum cochleare.
- Author
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Kolak U, Türkekul A, Ozgökçe F, and Ulubelen A
- Subjects
- Ethanol, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Plant Extracts chemistry, Solvents, Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Turkey, Aconitum chemistry, Alkaloids chemistry, Diterpenes chemistry
- Abstract
Two new diterpenoid alkaloids, cochleareine (1) and acoleareine (2) together with the known alkaloids 14-acetyltalatisamine (3) and talatisamine (4) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Aconitum cochleare Woroschin growing wild in Eastern Turkey (Van).
- Published
- 2005
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