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RESUMO O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica o desenho, especificamente aquele realizado manualmente de modo rápido, buscando esclarecer suas características e contribuições para a criatividade. O termo Desenho-Expressional é adotado para descrever as rápidas representações gráficas manuais, em substituição dos termos sketch, esboço, croqui e rafe (rough). O texto também apresenta informações de uma pesquisa experimental que visa contribuir com a cultura da prática do desenho como ferramenta auxiliar na geração de ideias durante um processo de resolução de problemas, com o intuito de beneficiar áreas como a Arquitetura e o Design.

This work aims to collect information about the Brazilian games magazines of the 1990s – a decade marked by the popularization of computers, which resulted in specific digital innovations from the design perspective. This exploratory-descriptive research has a qualitative approach, using bibliographic procedures in the data collection. Aspects such as the focus of the publishers, the readers’ profile and the graphic design applied to the magazines are questioned here. Thus, we present data on each of the aspects mentioned and we perform an evaluation on the characteristics of four Brazilian games magazines. Esse trabalho propõe levantar informações sobre as revistas brasileiras de games dos anos 90, período que foi marcado pela popularização do uso de computadores, culminando, no design, em criações digitais características. Com uma abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa exploratório-descritiva utiliza procedimento bibliográfico no levantamento de dados. Questiona-se aqui alguns aspectos como o foco das editoras, o perfil dos leitores e o projeto gráfico das revistas abordadas. Desse modo, foram apresentados dados sobre cada um desses pontos e uma avaliação sobre as características de quatro revistas brasileiras de games.

Resumen: Este trabajo busca presentar una deficiencia que afecta a profesionales que trabajan con el dibujo, como los de diseño, arquitectura y moda. Debido al distanciamiento del ejercicio del dibujo que suele ocurrir durante la infancia, alumnos de cursos superiores suelen encontrarse en una situación crítica al retomar la práctica. Afortunadamente, se cree que ciertos métodos pueden mejorar el rendimiento de los alumnos en la producción del dibujo. El texto presenta datos sobre una experiencia con dibujo de observación y relata datos parciales de una investigación de maestría que busca evaluar la influencia de métodos de ayuda en la observación y en la ejecución de dibujos. ___Palabras clave: dibujo; metodología; enseñanza. ___Abstract: This work seeks to present a deficiency that affects professionals working with the drawing, such as design, architecture and fashion. Due to the distancing of the exercise of drawing that usually occurs during childhood, students of higher education usually find themselves in a critical situation when resuming the practice. Fortunately, it is believed that certain methods can improve student performance in drawing production. The text presents data about an experiment with observation drawing and reports partial data from a master's research that seeks to evaluate the influence of aid methods on the observation and execution of drawings. ___Keywords: drawing, methodology, teaching. ___Resumo: Esse trabalho procura apresentar uma deficiência que atinge profissionais que trabalham com o desenho, como os de design, arquitetura e moda. Devido ao distanciamento do exercício do desenho que costuma ocorrer durante a infância, alunos de cursos superiores costumam se encontrar em uma situação crítica ao retomar a prática. Felizmente, acredita-se que determinados métodos podem melhorar o desempenho dos alunos na produção do desenho. O texto apresenta dados sobre uma experiência com desenho de observação e relata dados parciais de uma pesquisa de mestrado que procura avaliar a influência de métodos de auxílio na observação e na execução de desenhos. ___Palavras chave: desenho, metodologia, ensino. ___Recibido: 9 de agosto 2017. Aceptado: 10 de octubre de 2017.

Ultrapure water contains several kinds of contaminants. In particular, we paid much attention to particles and investigated particles adsorption onto Si-based wafers. We succeed in making a model through two experiments. One is to study an impact of spin cleaning parameters on particle adsorption, and the other is to study that of such impurities as urea, hydrogen peroxide, carbon dioxide, and so on. The former test succeeded in quantitatively estimating the magnitude of each degree of influence to some extent assuming that there are roughly two steps of attaching particles to the wafer, namely adsorption equilibrium during rinsing and residuals during drying. The latter is to confirm that substances that are likely to be mixed in ultrapure water do not affect particle adsorption in the future manufacturing process. We concluded that we need to pay attention to carbon dioxide especially in this system.

Soil fertility improvement is one of the urgent issues in Malawi. Since composting by locally available materials is needed for this purpose, the composts were prepared from maize stalk and cattle dung by using three common methods in Malawi. The composts had high alkalinity and relatively high NO3- and K contents. N% of composts was determined from the composition of maize stalk and cattle dung, and is expressed by the equation N% = 0.55 - 0.01 x % maize stalk + 0.03 x % cattle dung (r2 = 0.37). Maize stalk is rich in acid digestion fiber (ADF) (39.3%), which accounts for its slow decomposition, whereas cattle dung is mainly composed of ash (73.5%), which is rapidly degradable inorganic material. The temperature change during fermentation was indicative of compost maturity. Mature composts were exposed to fermentation temperatures exceeding 50°C for a longer period, and had lower pH and higher EC and available N content. The germination rate of rape seeds measured with compost extract was compatible with the absorption value at 465 nm, indicating that these methods are simple and practical for testing compost maturity. The EC difference between wet and dry composts was also useful for identifying the end of fermentation. Low C/N (23) compost demonstrated rapid fermentation relative to high C/N (40, 60) composts, indicating the importance of adjusting C/N in compost fermentation. Key words: Compost, fermentation, acid digestion fiber, maturity.

Video games are a complex form of culture, creative entertainment and representative art, which surpasses, in technology and relevance, other forms of audiovisual expression. Since the conception of the first games, through computer technology and military knowledge, games have become an entertainment, translated and molded as interactive graphic images. The initial aim, which was to create a kind of distraction, outgrew itself and made possible to simulate and provide users with the psychological sense of control and power over fear, decisions and over the imminent danger of new challenges (real or imagined), all at same time. From the pioneer arcade to the modern consoles and multiple platforms seen today, the games evolved to meet users’ expectations in search of simulation, interaction and immersion experiences. In this trajectory, developers, programmers and designers applied all the technological advances possible in attempt to achieve complete man-machine interaction. This article seeks to identify if the games in the current stage, loaded with hyper-realism, in relation with their ‘cartoonized’ counterpart, aimed at a new generation of users eager for disruptive technologies and for interactions that assure the sensation of influence and control over fear.

Este trabajo busca presentar una deficiencia que afecta a profesionales que trabajan con el dibujo, como los de diseño, arquitectura y moda. Debido al distanciamiento del ejercicio del dibujo que suele ocurrir durante la infancia, alumnos de cursos superiores suelen encontrarse en una situación crítica al retomar la práctica. Afortunadamente, se cree que ciertos métodos pueden mejorar el rendimiento de los alumnos en la producción del dibujo. El texto presenta datos sobre una experiencia con dibujo de observación y relata datos parciales de una investigación de maestría que busca evaluar la influencia de métodos de ayuda en la observación y en la ejecución de dibujos. This work seeks to present a deficiency that affects professionals working with the drawing, such as design, architecture and fashion. Due to the distancing of the exercise of drawing that usually occurs during childhood, students of higher education usually find themselves in a critical situation when resuming the practice. Fortunately, it is believed that certain methods can improve student performance in drawing production. The text presents data about an experiment with observation drawing and reports partial data from a master's research that seeks to evaluate the influence of aid methods on the observation and execution of drawings. Esse trabalho procura apresentar uma deficiência que atinge profissionais que trabalham com o desenho, como os de design, arquitetura e moda. Devido ao distanciamento do exercício do desenho que costuma ocorrer durante a infância, alunos de cursos superiores costumam se encontrar em uma situação crítica ao retomar a prática. Felizmente, acredita-se que determinados métodos podem melhorar o desempenho dos alunos na produção do desenho. O texto apresenta dados sobre uma experiência com desenho de observação e relata dados parciais de uma pesquisa de mestrado que procura avaliar a influência de métodos de auxílio na observação e na execução de desenhos.

Esse artigo analisa a arte contemporânea em comunhão com as técnicas criativas do corpo e do origami, gerando o entrelaçamento entre as artes manuais e corporais e a tecnologia a elas aplicada. Em um primeiro momento, é analisado o cenário contemporâneo, as novas tecnologias e os caminhos da sociedade atual. Em um segundo momento, considera-se o comportamento do corpo e do origami inseridos dentro desse novo contexto. Por fim, são analisados alguns projetos que utilizam como principal alicerce a performance corporal e as dobraduras japonesas.

DARPA Robotics Challenge left not only technology development in the humanoid field but also increase of the attention on humanoids and the motivation to become a humanoid developer to people. However, the reality is not so simple. To develop a humanoid which has enough DOF and performance, it costs too much and most people in the world cannot own one. In this research, we propose the LoE (League of Everybody) to improve this situation. The LoE is an internet based open software development architecture especially for humanoid. It provides people with a real humanoid and people are able to treat the robot as if they are actually owning it. A humanoid provided by the LoE is time-shared by people through the LoE and people develop software for the robot to challenge the given target task from the LoE. This scheme is able to satisfy both the people who are interested in humanoids and the humanoid technology field. In this paper, the early results of the LoE and current improvements to overcome the problems found from the beta tests are shown and described.

A presente pesquisa busca entender o potencial do processo criativo do origami através do método de exploração experimental e através da análise de alguns projetos desenvolvidos em diferentes áreas. São estudadas as trajetórias acadêmicas de Josef Albers e Ron Resch e seus métodos focados na prática da dobra. Dentro do design aplicado, é feito uma análise em cima dos projetos Origami Heart Stent, Ori-Revo e Evolution Door.

Resumo: Sao diversas as areas em que o concept art se associa ao Design, desde o desenho, ate a producao e o desenvolvimento de prototipos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma breve revisao sobre concept art e sua aplicacao no desenvolvimento e criacao de personagens dentro do Design, observando as etapas de desenvolvimento, utilizando para isso ferramentas e tecnicas tradicionais e digitais. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso, no qual as etapas de desenvolvimento de um personagem sao apresentadas, desde a sua concepcao ate a criacao de um prototipo final, para isso usa o caso do desenvolvimento de um personagem por meio de sketchs, analises de referencias, pintura, pintura digital, modelagem digital e criacao de prototipo fisico. Palavras-chave: Design, Concept Art, Personagens, Prototipos

An EtOAc-soluble fraction from a 50% EtOH extract of the roots of Angelica keiskei inhibited phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in rat aortic rings, while an EtOAc-insoluble fraction had no effect at 100 micrograms/ml. Five active substances isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the roots were identified as xanthoangelol (1), 4-hydroxyderricin (2), and xanthoangelols B (3), E (4) and F (5), which inhibited phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction at the concentrations of 10-100 micrograms/ml. It was found that xanthoangelol (1), 4-hydroxyderricin (2), and xanthoangelols E (4) and F (5) inhibited the phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction through endothelium-dependent endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) production and/or nitric oxide (NO) production. Among the five chalcones, xanthoangelol B (3) inhibited the phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction most strongly, and it inhibited the phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in the presence or absence of endothelium and in the presence or absence of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (an NO synthetase inhibitor). Furthermore, 4-hydroxyderricin (2) and xanthoangelol B (3) at concentrations of 10-100 micrograms/ml concentration-dependently inhibited the elevation of intracellular free calcium [Ca2+]i induced by phenylephrine. These results demonstrate that compounds 1, 2, 4 and 5 inhibit phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction through endothelium-dependent production of EDRF/NO and/or through the reduction of the [Ca2+]i elevation induced by phenylephrine. On the other hand, the inhibitory mechanism of compound 3 on phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction might involve the direct inhibition of smooth muscle functions through the reduction of [Ca2+]i elevation without affecting EDRF/NO production.

Plant diagnosis was proven to be useful for predicting maize growth condition. The number of days to male flowering and that to silk emergence differed among the four sites, reflecting differences in growth condition. Maize stalk weight decreased when the number of days to male flowering exceeded 65. Two growth indexes (GIs), plant height and stem diameter, well predicted maize fresh weight as expressed by the equation: Fresh weight = -0.013 + 1.26 × (Plant height × Stem diameter) (r2 = 0.57). Those two parameters changed with the growth stage according to the maize growth condition. GI monitoring revealed that week 4 (W4) or week 8 (W8) after germination was the determinant of overall maize growth. Leaf color also changed in the course of growth; leaf color at W4 was the best indicator of maize grain yield. Such plant diagnosis parameters as GI and leaf color are useful for the determination of optimum fertilizer application time.

症例は62歳男性.腹腔鏡検査時, 肝左葉表面より肝外に突出した腫瘤が認められた.しかし超音波検査, computed tomography検査, 血管造影によって腫瘤は同定されず, 腫瘍マーカーも正常であった.腹腔鏡所見によってのみ肝癌と診断され, 肝部分切除が施行された.切除標本において径1.1cmの主腫瘍とその近傍に2個の肝内転移が認められ, 組織学的に肝細胞癌と診断された.肝表面に存在した肝癌の早期発見と診断に腹腔鏡検査が有用であった症例を報告した.

Four new chalcones, xanthangelols B–E were isolated from roots of Angelica keiskei and their structures determined to be 2′,4,4′-trihydroxy-3′-[( E )-6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,7-octadienyl]chalcone, 2′,4,4′-trihydroxy-3′-[( E )-3-methy]-6-oxo-2-hexenyl]chalcone, 2′,4-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl)chalcone and 2′,4-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-(2-hydroperoxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl)chalcone, respectively, by means of chemical and spectral analyses.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho e mapear as publicacoes cientificas que tratam das acoes interdisciplinares para o campo do Design, tomando como plataforma atividades teorica e/ou praticas de pesquisas da area. Design/Metodologia/Abordagem: Para isso foi realizada uma analise bibliometrica das pesquisas publicadas no PD por regiao, instituicao, parcerias nacionais e internacionais. Resultados: Os resultados encontrados permitiram realizar uma leitura da progressao e regressao de pesquisas sobre o metodo interdisciplinar. Pretende-se com os resultados retratados colaborar no construto para a area pesquisada.

患者は57歳,男.偶然AFP高値を指摘されて来院した.CT scan,超音波検査,及び動脈造影所見から肝右葉前区域の肝細胞癌と診断した.血液生化学検査上,肝硬変の所見はなく,経皮経肝門脈造影(PTP)施行時に測定された門脈圧も正常であったが,穿刺時の肝実質が極めて硬く,著明な線維化が示唆された.術前療法として,肝動脈塞栓術(TAE),経皮経肝門脈枝塞栓術(PTPE)を2週間隔で施した後,肝右葉前区域切除を施行した.切除標本上,腫瘍は単結節周囲増殖型,Edmondson II型,索状型の肝細胞癌であったが,非癌部の肝全体にはゴマ粒大の黄色斑が散在し,組織学的には,不規則に拡張した胆管様構造周囲に発達した線維組織がみられるmicrohamartomaであった.種々の肝・胆管系の先天性奇形は稀に胆管癌を合併するが,microhamartomaと肝細胞癌との合併報告は第1例目であるので,若干の文献的考察を加え報告した.

Effects of various reagents on cadmium and metallothionein concentrations in the liver, kidney, small intestine and pancreas were examined by simultaneous injections of the reagent (i.p.) and cadmium (3 mg/kg, s.c.) to mice. Compared to the mice injected with cadmium alone, little effect on the cadmium and metallothionein concentrations was observed by the injection of o-iodosobenzoic acid, KBrO3, ascorbic acid or glutathion. The concentration of cadmium and metallothionein in the four tissues decreased significantly after the injection of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. By the injection of diethyldithiocarbamic acid, the concentration of cadmium decreased in the four tissues and the concentration of metallothionein decreased in the liver, kidney and small intestine. By the injection of phytine, the concentration of metallothionein in the liver increased significantly. A significant increase in metallothionein concentration in the liver was observed by the injection of olive oil (10 ml/kg) or phytine (500 mg/kg) alone. By the pre-injection of these reagents, mortality of mice injected with cadmium (10 mg/kg, s.c.) decresed significantly than that of mice injected cadmium alone.

O propósito desse estudo foi realizar o desenvolvimento e a criação de uma coleção de 5 livros educativos para crianças em idade pré-escolar, com temas focados em saúde bucal. Os personagens foram criados e direcionados a este público, com características e traços de fácil compreensão, baseado no lúdico e no nonsense infantil, conferindo-lhes carisma para que consigam transmitir de forma divertida o conteúdo educativo sobre o tema proposto. Com conceitos baseados no dia-dia da criança, seus hábitos, rotinas, vivência com a família, amigos, animais de estimação e ambiente escolar, as histórias foram pensadas com o propósito de estimular o conhecimento e a curiosidade infantil sobre a saúde bucal. Como a leitura é importante para o desenvolvimento sócio cultural e afetivo das crianças, nesta idade de seis a oito anos os livros foram desenvolvidos para que possa existir interação entre os integrantes da família. Apesar de existirem várias iniciativas em educação e saúde este tipo de abordagem é pouco valorizada, por isso que iniciativas como a contemplada neste trabalho devem ser replicadas, pois são sementes para que as futuras gerações passem a pensar e agir com foco na prevenção das doenças valorizando a saúde geral e bucal. This study aimed to develop and create a collection of 5 educational books for pre-school children, with themes focused on oral health. The characters were created and directed to this audience, with characteristics and traces of easy understanding, based on the playful and the nonsense of children, giving them charisma so that they can convey in an entertaining way the educational content on the proposed theme. With concepts based on the day-day of the child, their habits, routines, living with family, friends, pets and school environment, the stories were designed with the purpose of stimulating children\'s knowledge and curiosity about oral health. As reading is important for the socio-cultural and affective development of children, at this age of six to eight years the books have been developed so that there may be interaction among family members. Although there are several initiatives in education and health, this type of approach is undervalued, so initiatives such as those contemplated in this work must be replicated, as they are seeds for future generations to think and act with a focus on disease prevention, valuing general and oral health.