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Tchihatchewia isatidea Boiss (Brassicaceae) is popularly known as “Paint and Bridal Flower”. Flower pieces and extracts can be used for painting, wound healing, and cough treatments. In this study, the nutritional and medicinal properties of T. isidea were determined. For this purpose, carbohydrate, crude oil, crude protein, crude cellulose, energy, crude ash, dry matter, moisture, element, vitamin, antioxidant capacity, DNA protective, and antimicrobial effects of T. isatidea were investigated. Crude ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude cellulose, carbohydrate, dry matter, energy, organic matter, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, vitamin E and vitamin A paremeters of T. Isatidea were 14.37%, 20.60%, 1.82%, 29.02%, 63.21%, 91.57%, 351.62 kcal 72.20%, 42.5 mg/kg, 102.4 mg/kg, 260 mg/kg, 1.59 mg/kg, 0.121 mg/kg, 1.160 mg/kg, 2.16 mg/kg, 7.49 mg/kg, 22.95 mg/g and 2.82 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH (α, α-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the plant extract was ’82.34% at 100 µL, 68.20% at 50 µL, 30.80% at 25 µL and 11.68% at 10 µL’. The total oxidant level was 69.96 μmol/L, the total antioxidant level of T. isatidea was 3.91 μmol/L and 133.56 nmol/g Malondialdehyde (MDA). In the existence of UV and H2O2, it was found that the T. isatidea plant extract protects scDNA. It has also been established that the flower extract of the plant hinders the growth of pathogenic microorganisms at varying rates. Because of its thorny structure, the plant which can not be used as a vegetable can be transformed into a dried powdered form of powder and can be consumed with water in the form of a decoction or infusion. The plant can be mixed with powdered petroleum jelly and used as an external wound healing agent.

Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd known as turkey tail, is a medicinal mushroom belonging to the Polyporaceae. Although the consumption and commercial sale of this mushroom in our country is new, it has been used for centuries as a medicine in some countries, especially in China. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of ethanol and methanol extracts of T. versicolor. Its antimicrobial effects were determined by disk diffusion and microdilution method using pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Trichophyton sp. Total antioxidant level, total oxidant level and DPPH radical scavenging capacity were detected for the antioxidant activity of the mushroom. According to the results obtained, it was seen that these extracts inhibit the growth of microorganisms at different rates (10-21 mm) according to the disk diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of T. versicolor against microorganisms used were determined to be between 62.5-250 µg/mL. The TAS and TOS values of the methanol extract were 0.72 mmol Trolox Equiv./L and 18.39, respectively, the TAS and TOS values of the ethanol extract were detected 0.88 mmol Trolox Equiv./L and 16.71 μmol H2O2 Equiv./L, respectively.

Polygonaceae familyasında yer alan R. acetosella, çok yıllık otsu bir bitkidir ve Türkiye’de halk arasında sebze olarak tüketilmektedir. Bu çalışmada R. acetosella toprak üst kısımlarının etanol, su ve metanol ekstraktlarının antimikrobiyal (Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus bakterileri ve Candida albicansmaya-mantarına karşı), antiradikal (DPPH, ABTS ve OH radikallerine karşı), antikanser (insan prostat kanseri (PC-3), insan kolon kanseri (HCT-116), insan yumurtalık kanseri (A2780) ve insan göğüs kanseri (MCF-7) hücre serilerine karşı) ve fitokimyasal özellikleri (yağda çözünen vitaminler, yağ asitleri, flavonoitler, fitosteroller, fenolik asitler, toplam fenolik bileşik, toplam flavonoit ve toplam proantosiyanidinler) incelenmiştir. Sonuçlarımıza göre R. acetosella ekstraktlarının ABTS, DPPH ve OH radikali yok etme testlerinde BHT’den daha yüksek aktiviteye sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bu bitkinin yüksek antimikrobiyal aktiviteye ve fitokimyasal içeriğe sahip olduğu, PC-3 insan prostat kanseri hücrelerine karşı etkili antikanser aktivite gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Aynı zamanda sunulan çalışma, R. acetosella ekstraktlarının in vitro antikanser aktivitesi ile ilgili ilk çalışma olma özelliği taşımaktadır., R. acetosella is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Polygonaceae family and is consumed as a vegetable among the people in Turkey. In this study, antimicrobial (Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Candida albicans yeast-fungi), antiradical (against to DPPH, ABTS and OH radicals), anticancer (against to human prostate cancer (PC-3), human colon cancer (HCT-116), human ovarian cancer (A2780) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines) and phytochemical properties (lipid-soluble vitamins, fatty acids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, phytosterols, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid, and total proanthocyanidins) of ethanol, water and methanol extracts of R. acetosella aerial parts were investigated. According to our results, it was determined that R. acetosella extracts have higher activity than the BHT in scavenging tests of ABTS, DPPH and OH radicals. It has also been understood that this plant has high antimicrobial activity and phytochemical content and effective anticancer activities against to PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines. Also the presented study is the first study on the in vitro anticancer activity of R. acetosella extracts.

Ficaria verna Huds. is a plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family, known as mole grass and celandine among the people. It is known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-haemorrhagic pharmaceutical effects. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antimicrobial effect of different concentrations of F. verna extracts obtained from methanol, ethanol and chloroform and the antioxidant activity of different concentrations of the extract obtained from methanol. In the results obtained, the best antimicrobial effect (17-20 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus megaterium, Salmonella thypii and Candida albicans was determined in the methanol extract of F. verna at a concentration of 1000 µg. It was observed that the scavenging effect of the DPPH radical of F. verna increased depending on increasing concentrations., Ficaria verna Huds. halk arasında köstebek otu ve kırlangıç otu adıyla bilinen ve Ranunculaceae familyasına ait bir bitkidir. Antienflamatuar ve antihemorajik gibi farmasötik etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Halk arasında hemoroide karşı kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada F. verna’nın metanol, etanol ve kloroformdan elde edilen ekstraklarının farklı konsantrasyonlarının antimikrobiyal etkisi ile metanoldan elde edilen ekstresinin farklı konsantrasyonlarının antioksidan aktivitesinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlarda F. verna’nın metanol ekstresi 1000 µg konsantrasonda Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus megaterium, Salmonella thypii ve Candida albicans’a karşı en iyi antimikrobiyal etki (17-20mm) göstermiştir. F. verna’nın DPPH radikalinin süpürücü etkisinin artan konsantrasyonlara bağlı arttığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Background and Aims: This study aims to investigate the cytotoxicity and DNA protective effects of semi-arid, arid, or desert truffles such as the Terfezia and Picoa species. Methods: The DNA protective effects of the Terfezia and Picoa species was evaluated using plasmid pBR322 DNA treated with UV and H2O2. The cytotoxic effects of water and methanol extracts of the Terfezia and Picoa species on H1299 and HUVEC cells were evaluated using the MTT assay. Results: Higher concentrations of T. olbiensis and P. lefebvrei extracts have demonstrated a DNA protective effect. The water extract of P. juniperi only at a 40 mg/mL concentration demonstrated a DNA-protective effect, whereas T. boudieri extract did not show any DNA-protective effect at all concentrations tested. H1299 cells showed more sensitivity to the water extract of T. olbiensis (4.66%), P. juniperi (12.04%), P. lefebvrei (21.93%), and the methanol extract of T. boudieri (20.93%). In general, the water and methanol extracts of the Terfezia and Picoa species demonstrated the least cytotoxic effects on HUVEC cells, except for the water extract of P. juniperi (38.46%). Conclusions: In conclusion, results obtained from this study show that the Terfezia and Picoa truffle species have potential DNA protective and cancer prevention properties.

Pistacia vera L. (Fıstık)çerez olarak tüketilmesinin yanı sıra birçok hastalığın tedavisindekullanılmaktadır. P. vera’nınantioksidan, antienflamatuvar, hipoglisemik, antiaterojenik gibi biyolojikaktiviteleri ve içerdiği yağlarla makul miktarlarda tüketildiğinde ciltsağlığına iyi geldiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada Antep fıstığı dış kırmızımsıkabuğunun metanol, etanol ve hekzan gibi çözücüler kullanılarak elde edilenekstraklarının antimikrobiyal aktivitesi disk diffüzyon metoduna göre tespitedilmiştir. Çalışma için Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DMS50071, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC700603 Escherichiacoli ATCC25322, Bacillus subtilisATCC6633, Bacillusmegaterium DSM32 ve Staphylococcus cohnii DSM 20260 gibi bakteriler, fungus olarak Candidaalbicans FMC17 ve Candida globrataATCC66032, dermatofitlerden Trichophytonsp. ve Epidermophyton sp.mikroorganizmaları kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta P.vera’nın dış kabuğunun metanol, etanol ve hekzan ekstraktlarımikroorganizmaların gelişimini farklı oranlarda inhibe etmiştir (8-20 mminhibisyon zonu). P. vera’nın en iyiantimikrobiyal etkiyi etanol ekstraktında gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu ekstraktın en fazla C. globarata’nın gelişimini engellediği(20 mm inhibisyon zonu) belirlenmiştir.

In this study,the vitamin, sugar, protein,fatty acid, total flavonoid, phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities(ABTS (2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and MDA (malondialdehyde) speciality of ediblewild, cultured and commercial mushrooms (Pleurotus spp., L. sajor-caju,Agaricus spp., Morchellaesculenta and Terfeziaboudieri) from Turkey wereresearched. The levels of vitamins were 0.00-60.85 K1 (phylloquinone),0.00-1.50 K2 (menaquinone), 1.35-7.20 D2 (ergocalciferol), 0.60-3.45 D3(cholecalciferol), 8.35-68.20 α-tocopherol, 90.45-491.75 ergosterol,0.00-110.45 stigmasterol, 0.00-1.30 β-sitosterol, 0.05-0.70 retinol and0.05-0.15 retinolast (mg/kg) of dry weight. It was observed that P. ostreatusand A. campestris have a higher amount of glucose, sucrose and maltose, whencompared with the other species. Furthermore, sugars such as maltose andarabinose were not detected in Pleurotus spp. It was determined that the amountof total flavonoid, total phenolic and protein were higher in A. bisporus, A.campestris and L. sajor-caju than other mushroom species according toliterature.Unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic (C18:2) and oleic(C18:1) acids, were predominant (37.08-76.72% and 2.91-39.43%, between)whereas, other fatty acids were in smaller fractions. In addition, ABTS, DPPHand MDA were found to be 12.36-99.68% at 25-200 µL, 22.97-91.89% at 50-800 µLand 3.12-8.41 nmol/mL, respectively. Cite this article as: Akyüz M, ÖzşahinKireçci AD, Gökçe Z, Kırbağ S, Yılmaz Ö (2019). Biochemical constituents andantioxidant activities of some mushrooms from Turkey: Agaricus spp., Pleurotusspp., Morchella esculenta and Terfezia boudieri. Istanbul J Pharm 49 (1): 1-6.

In this study; fatty acid, vitamin, phytosterol, flavonoid and resveratrol contents and antimicrobial activities of Rheum ribes L. (rhubarb) extracts treated with Kluyveromyces lactis 1 were determined and compared. R. ribes is known as both peptic and fibrous worldwide by humans. According to the results obtained; it was observed that total fatty acid, vitamin and phytosterol contents in R. ribes (rhubarb) extracts were at certain levels. It was detected that total fatty acid levels; at significant rates, vitamin contents; partly of R. ribes extracts prepared with K. lactis 1 increased; however, flavonoid contents decreased at different rates. In the study, it was noticed that R. ribes had antioxidant and antimicrobial activities at changing rates. When antimicrobial activities of R. ribes extracts containing K. lactis 1 were analyzed, it was observed that they had effect at changing rates against all of the bacteria, yeasts and dermatophyte fungi except Staphylococcus aureus of fatty acid extracts. On the other hand, vitamin and flavonoid extracts demonstrated scarcely any antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, it was detected that R. ribes, which has a local plant, had positive effects on the development of K. lactis 1 used in this study which is also accepted as a potential probiotic. It was observed that this yeast type developing in extracts obtained from plants affected biological active compounds at changing rates

Bu çalışmada; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ile muamele edilen besinolarak tüketilen Pyrus communis L. (armut)ekstraktlarının yağ asidi, vitamin,fitosterol, flavonoid ve resveratrol içerikleri ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteleribelirlenerek kontrolgrubu; armut ve S. cerevisiae ekstraktları ile karşılaştırmalar yapıldı. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; armut ekstraktındakitoplam yağ asidi, vitamin ve fitosteroller içeriklerinin değişen seviyelerdeolduğu gözlendi. S. cerevisiae ilehazırlanan armut ekstraktındaki toplam yağ asidi düzeylerinin çok belirgin,vitamin ve fitosterol içeriklerinin; α-tokoferol de kısmi, D vitamini, δ–tokoferol, ergosterol de çokanlamlı seviyelerde yükseldiği,diğer bileşiklerin azaldığı, flavonoid içeriklerinin ise kateşin ve rutinde çokbelirgin artarken diğer bileşiklerde farklı oranlarda azaldığı saptandı. Çalışmadaarmudun yağ asidi ve vitamin ekstraktlarının oldukça belirgin oranlardaantioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitelere sahip olduğu görüldü. S. cerevisiae içeren armut ekstraktlarının ise antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri incelendiğinde, yağ asidi ekstraktlarının Klebsiella pneumoniae FMC 5 dışında ki tümmikrorganizmalarda artan seviyelerde antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterirken,vitamin ve flavonoid ekstraktlarının bazı mikroorganimalarda etki göstermediği,bazılarındada az miktarlarda antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdiği saptandı.Sonuç olarak; besin ve lif içeriğiyüksek bir meyve olan armudun, bu çalışmada kullanılan potansiyel probiyotikolarak kabul edilen S. cerevisiae gelişimi için hem enerji kaynağı hemde olumluyönde etkilerinin olduğu ve armuttan elde edilen ekstraktlar içerisinde gelişen bu maya türünün bitki kaynaklı faydalı bileşikleredeğişen oranlarda etki gösterdiği saptandı., In this study; fatty acid, vitamin, phytosterol, flavonoid andresveratrol contents and antimicrobial activities of Pyrus communis L. (pear) extracts are consumed as food worldwide both by humans and animals thattreated with S.cerevisiae were determined and compared.It was detected that total fatty acid levels of pear extracts preparedwith S.cerevisiae increased at significantly high and phytosterol,vitamin contents; partlyat α-tokoferol, high levels at D vitamin, δ–tokoferol,ergosterol, while decreased at othercompounds. However, flavonoid contents increased significantlyhigh at catechin and rutin but other compounds; decreased at different rates.In the study, it was noticed that fatty acid, vitamin, extracts of pear had antioxidant and antimicrobial activities at highly significantrates. When antimicrobial activities of pear extracts containing S.cerevisiae wereanalyzed, it was observed that they had effect at changing rates against all ofthe bacteria, yeasts and dermatophyte fungiexcept K. pneumoniae, at increasing values of fatty acid extracts, but vitamin and flavonoid extracts demonstrated scarcelyany antimicrobial activity against some of the microorganisms but havealso showed antimicrobial activity in small quantities.In conclusion, it was detected that pear which is known as food and dietary fiber source, had both energy sourceand positive effects for the development of S.cerevisiae used in this study which is also accepted as a potential probiotic. It was observed that this yeast typedeveloping in extracts obtained from pear affected beneficial bioactivecompounds phyto source at changing rates.

Elazığ ilinde 2011-2014 yıllarında yürütülen bu çalışmanın amacı, örtüaltı işletmelerinde yetiştirilen Hıyar (Cucumis sativus) kültür bitkisinde görülen fungal hastalıkları, yaygınlık oranlarını ve hastalık şiddetlerini tespit etmektir. Elazığ’da son yıllarda bitkisel hastalıkların giderek artış göstermesi bu çalışmanın gerekçesini oluşturmuştur. Çalışma sırasında Elâzığ ili ve çevresinde bulunan örtüaltı işletmelerine fide dikiminden itibaren hasat süresince kontrol ve sürvey çalışması yapılmıştır. Hastalıklı olarak kabul edilen bitkiler laboratuvara getirilerek kontrol edilmiş ve fungusların saf izolatları elde edilerek teşhisleri yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda 225 izolat elde edilmiştir. Tespit edilen hastalıklar ve hastalık şiddetleri; köklerde; Rhizoctonia solani (%32.64), Fusarium solani (%26.99), Fusarium oxysporum(%21.00)’dur. Yapraklarda ise Alternaria alternata (%35.28), Didymella bryoniae (%20.02), Stemphylium solani (%28.08), Phoma cucurbitacearum (%15.90), Pseudoperenospora cubensis (%36.54), Erysiphe cichoracearum (%20.29), Colletotrichum lagenarium (%11.79) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Hastalıkların yaygınlık oranları, köklerde; R. solani (%9.29), F. solani (%6.21) ve F. oxysporum (%6.47)’dur. Yapraklarda ise A. alternata (%16.37), D. bryoniae (%10.79), S. solani (%5.53), P. cucurbitacearum (%2.66), P. cubensis (%27.51), E. cichoracearum (%10.17) ve C. lagenarium (%9.63) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu verilere göre Elazığ bölgesi örtüaltı hıyar yetiştiricilik alanlarında en yaygın fungal patojenler P. cubensis, A. alternata ve D. bryoniae’dir. Hastalık şiddeti olarak tespit edilen fungal patojenler ise P. cubensis, A. alternata ve R. solani’dir. Örtüaltı hıyarlarda ortalama hastalık şiddeti % 24.85’ dir., The aim of this study, which was carried out in Elazığ province between 2011 and 2014, is to determine the prevalence and the severity of fungal diseases observed in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) crop plant grown in greenhouse cultivation facilities. The motivation for this study is the progressive increase in plant diseases observed in Elazığ in recent years. During the research, control and survey studies were undertaken starting from planting seedlings until the harvesting of the crop in greenhouse businesses in Elazığ province and its neighboring areas. The plants that were considered to carry the disease were transported to the laboratory and diagnosis was performed on the pure isolates of fungi. As a result of this study, 225 isolates were obtained. The diseases detected and their respective severities were as follows: Rhizoctonia solani (32.64%), Fusarium solani (26.99%), and Fusarium oxysporum (21.00%) in the roots as well as Alternaria alternata (35.28%), Didymella bryoniae (20.02%), Stemphylium solani (28.08%), Phoma cucurbitacearum (15.90%), Pseudoperenospora cubensis (36.54%), Erysiphe cichoracearum (20.29%), and Colletotrichum lagenarium (11.79%) on the leaves. The prevalence of the diseases was R. solani (14.90%), F. solani (18.00%), and F. oxysporum (6.47%) in the roots as well as A. alternata (28.00%), D. bryoniae (24.30%), S. solani (6.90%), P. cucurbitacearum (5.90%), P. cubensis (27.51%), E. cichoracearum (14.80%), and C. lagenarium (7.50%) on the leaves. According to these data, the most common fungal pathogens in greenhouse cucumber cultivation areas of Elazığ are P. cubensis, A. alternata, and D. bryoniae. The fungal pathogens that were identified in terms of disease severity are P. cubensis, A.alternata, and R. solani. The disease severity in greenhouse cucumbers is 24.85%.

In this study the presence of Salmonella sp., Listeria sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in the ice cream samples which are made in Kahramanmaraş were in investigated. For this purpose, 86 ice cream samples were used. In this study, it was found that there were E.coli, K. pneumoniae, E. coli + K. pneumoniae, E. coli + K. pneumoniae + Listeria sp., Salmonella sp. in 19 (%22.09), 10 (%11.62), 7 (%8.13), 4 (%4.65) and 2 (%2.32) samples of ice cream examined, respectively. The whole 5 colonies taken from 3 samples containing Listeria were identified as Listeria monocytogenes. On the other hand, 4 of 5 colonies taken from the another sample were identified as L.grayii,whereas 1 of them was identified as Listeria monocytogenes. The results found in the study showed that microbiological qualities of some ice cream samples were insufficient and they might be dangerous in health of consumer., Bu çalışmada Kahramanmaraş'ta tüketime sunulan dondurmalar Salmonella, Listeria spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae ve Escherichia coli varlığı yönünden araştırıldı. Bu amaçla 86 örnek temin edildi. İncelenen dondurmaların 19 (%22.09)'unda E. coli,10 (%11.62)'unda K. pneumoni­ae,7(%8.13)'sinde E. coli + K. pneumoniae,4 (%4.65)'ünde E. coli + K. pneumoniae + Listeria spp.,2(%2.32) örnekte ise Salmonella sp. tes­pit edildi. Listeria spp. içeren 3 örnekten alınan 5 koloninin hepsi L. monocytogenes,diğer bir örnekten alınan 5 koloninin 4'ü L. grayii,1'i L. monocytogenes olduğu belirlendi. Bu çalışmada bulunan sonuçlar, bazı dondurma örneklerinin mikrobiyolojik kalitelerinin yetersiz olduğu ve tüketici sağlığı bakımından tehlikeli olabileceğini göstermektedir.

In this study, nutritive value, antioxidant and antimicrobial activitiy of P. europea was determined. It was observed that sugar, flavonoid, vitamin and element levels varied. It was understood that under in vitro conditions the DPPH activities had a level of 83.62% at 10 µg/µL, the FeCL group was higher than the K group, and the methyl esters were not preserved as well. It was also determined that the antimicrobial activity of P. europea is more efficent over bacterial groups then yeast and dermatophyte fungi, Bu çalışmada; P. europea’nın besinsel içerikleri, antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal etkileri araştırıldı. Şeker, flavonoid, vitamin ve mineral element düzeylerinin değişebildiği gözlendi. In vitro koşullarda, DPPH radikalini temizleme aktivitesinin 10 µg/µL’de %83.62, FeCl grubunun K grubuna göre yüksek ve metil esterlerinin ise korunmadığı belirlendi. P. europea’nın antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin ise; maya ve dermofit funguslardan ziyade, bakteri gruplarında daha etkili olduğu saptandı.

We undertook an evaluation of the physical and chemical quality of soil characteristics, micro- and macroscopic features of morphology, distribution, and mycorrhizal relationships of Terfezia boudieri Chatin. The topsoil was found to be 54.73% sand, 21.97% clay, 23.30% dust, 45.27% dust-clay, 0.126% nitrogen, 1.848% organic matter, and 3.78% total lime. Investigations revealed that the soil contained 40.92 ppm P2O5, 613.0 ppm K2O, 28.82 ppm Na, and 0.164 mmhos/cm salt. It had a pH of 7.12 and the soil type was determined to be sand-clay-slimy. Various characteristics were recorded including ascocarp features (hypogeous, like tubers) and colour (peridium, glebe red tones), occurrence frequency (infrequent), time of appearance (March to May), host (Helianthemum salicifolium (L.) Miller), traditional uses (food, aphrodisiac), eating quality (excellent), habitat (basic soil, sand-clay-slimy, and semi-arid zone), fresh weight (20-150 g) and ascospore morphology (reticulate and warty spherica, 15-18 mm, medium size). In conclusion, the habitats of T. boudieri and H. salicifolium should be protected by turning those fields into natural protected areas., Bu çalışmada; Terfezia boudieri Chatin türünün mikorizal ilişkisi, dağılımı, mikro-makroskobik özelliği ile toprağın kimyasal ve fi ziksel niteliği araştırıldı. Üst toprağın bazı karakteristik özellikleri; %54,73 kum, %21,97 kil, %23,30 toz, %45,27 kil-toz, %0,126 nitrojen, %1,848 organik madde, %3,78 kireç, 40,92 ppm P2 O5 , 613,0 ppm K2 O, 28,82 ppm Na, 0,164 mmhos/cm tuz, 7,12 pH ve toprak çeşidi olarak kum-kil-balçık olduğu bulunmuştur. Askokarp özelliği (hypogeous, yumru gibi), renk (peridium, kırmızı toprak), meydana gelme sıklığı (nadir, seyrek), görülme dönemi (Mart-Mayıs), konukçusu (Helianthemum salicifolium (L.) Miller), geleneksel kullanımı (gıda, afrodizyak), yenebilme kalitesi (mükemmel, leziz), habitat (temel toprak, kum-kil-balçık ve yarı kurak bölge), taze ağırlığı (20-150 g) ve aynı zamanda askospor morfolojisinide (ağsı, siğil şeklinde küremsi, 15-18 μm, orta boy) içeren çeşitli karakterler kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; T. boudieri ve H. salicifolium habitatları, doğal koruma alanları ilan edilerek korunması sağlanmalıdır.

In the study was to determined the powdery mildew species on plants of Sivrice (Elazığ) province. Field study were made periodically in the vegetation periods, and host plant specimens were collected from the study area. As the end of studies are identified the 29 species of powdery mildew. This species has taken place in 8 genus., Bu çalışmada; Sivrice (Elazığ) çevresindeki bitkiler üzerinde külleme hastalığına neden olan mantar türleri belirlenmiştir. Arazi çalışmaları, vejetasyon dönemlerinde periyodik olarak yapılmış ve konukçu bitki örnekleri toplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; çalışma alanında 8 genus içerisinde yer alan 29 külleme türü tespit edilmiştir.

P. eryngii var. ferulae which is known very well in Eastern AnatoliaRegion and picked up from the nature in spring months is sold by the side of the roads and in neighbour markets with the name of ‘’ çaşır, çakşır, çaşur, heliz, kırkor, göbek, göbelek and mendik’’ mushroom. As a member of Apiaceae family; Ferulae sp. that preads at the slope of the mountains, grows up naturally on the roots of its species that remained from the previous year especially at the altitude of 1000-2500 meters on high mountains. It is known that local people has benefited from the natural products specialto periodic times. It is seen that it is not benefited from alternative natural nourishment resources like cultuıre vegetables and fruit with their important features and effective nutritive value. In our opinion, this article will be useful for mentioning the importance of the mushroom beside the vegetables and fruits which are vital for our life. It will be useful to expose the medical features, nourishment content and effective nutritive valu and effective nutritious features of mushroom. Furthermore, It is determined that it is necessary to describe P. eryngii and its similarities with the identification of scientific facts as species, subspecies, variety, taxa or synonym in our country., P. eryngii var. ferulae, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde çok iyi tanınan veilkbahar aylarında doğadan toplanarak yol kenarlarında ve yöre pazarlarında; çaşır, çakşır, çaşur, heliz, kırkor, göbek, göbelek ve mendik mantarı adı ile satılmaktadır. Genellikle rakımı 1000-2500 m gibi yüksek olan dağlarda, dağ yamaçlarında yayılış gösteren Apiaceae familyası üyesi Ferula sp. türlerinin bir önceki yıldan kalan kökleri üzerinde doğal olarak yetişmektedir. Lokal halkın, belli dönemlere özgü doğal ürünlerden faydalandığı bilinmektedir. Önemli tıbbi özellikleri, etkin besleyici değeri bakımından, kültürde üretilen sebze ve meyve gibi ürünlere alternatif doğal besin kaynaklarından yeterli düzeyde yararlanılmadığı görülmektedir. Bu derleme; günlükyaşamımızın vazgeçilmez bir parçası olan sebze ve meyvelerin yanısıra, mantarların önemlerinin de belirtilmesinde yarar olacağı görüşündeyiz. Mantarların; tıbbi özellikleri, besinsel içerikleri ve etkin besleyici özelliklerinin açığa çıkarılması yararlı olacaktır. Ayrıca, P. eryngii ve benzer varyetelerinin ülkemizde tür, alt tür, varyete, taksa ya da sinonim olarak bilimsel doğru teşhis ve tanımlanmasının gerekli olduğu saptanmıştır.

In the study was to determine the microfungi species on vascular plants of Sivrice (Elazığ) province. Field study was made periodically in the vegetation periods, and host plant specimens were collected from the study area. As the end of studies 95 species of Basidiomycotina are identified. This species has taken place in 4 families and 10 species., Bu çalışmada, Sivrice (Elazığ) yöresindeki vasküler bitkiler üzerindeki mikrofungus türlerinin belirlenmiştir. Arazi çalışmaları, vejetasyon dönemlerinde periyodik olarak yapılmış ve konukçu bitki örnekleri toplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda 95 Basidiomycota türü tespit edilmiştir. Bu türler 4 familya ve 10 genus içinde yer almıştır.