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The Maladaptive and Adaptive Coping Style Questionnaire (MAX) is a comprehensive tool for measuring coping styles including three subscales: maladaptive coping, adaptive coping, and avoidance. This study developed a Japanese version of MAX and evaluated the relationship between the coping styles and psychopathologies between the Japanese sample and the German sample. For the cross-cultural comparison, we used the Japanese community sample and German data set acquired by Moritz et al. (Journal of Affective Disorders 191:300–307, 2016). Factor analysis was conducted with the Japanese version of the MAX. Referring to the original version, we hypothesized the three-factor structure. However, the results showed that the adaptive coping subscale had less similarity to the original version, whereas the maladaptive coping and avoidance subscales were similar to the original. As the result of cultural comparison, the Japanese participants showed more maladaptive coping and avoidance. Moreover, the maladaptive coping styles had weaker correlations with the psychopathologies in the Japanese sample than with those in the German sample in the present study.

Both 64Cu and 67Cu are promising radionuclides in nuclear medicine. Production yields of these radionuclides were quantified by irradiating 55.4 g of natural zinc with accelerator neutrons. Clinically suitable 64Cu and 67Cu yields were estimated by experimental based numerical simulations using 100 g of enriched 64Zn and 68Zn, respectively, and elevated neutron fluxes from 40 MeV, 2 mA deuterons. A combined thermal- and resin-separation method was developed to isolate 64Cu and 67Cu from zinc, resulting in 73% separation efficiency and 97% zinc recovery. Such methods can provide large scale production of 64Cu and 67Cu for clinical applications.

Both 64Cu and 67Cu are promising radionuclides in nuclear medicine. Production yields of these radionuclides were quantified by irradiating 55.4 g of natural zinc with accelerator neutrons. Clinically suitable 64Cu and 67Cu yields were estimated by experimental based numerical simulations using 100 g of enriched 64Zn and 68Zn, respectively, and elevated neutron fluxes from 40 MeV, 2 mA deuterons. A combined thermal- and resin-separation method was developed to isolate 64Cu and 67Cu from zinc, resulting in 73% separation efficiency and 97% zinc recovery. Such methods can provide large scale production of 64Cu and 67Cu for clinical applications.

In this study, the volatile adsorption temperature of volatile astatine species was studied using the 211At radionuclide produced via the 209Bi(4He,2n)211At nuclear reaction. Volatile astatine was separated from irradiated bismuth via dry distillation in a glass tube (inner diameter: 4 mm, length: 750 mm) filled with nitrogen. The adsorption temperature of the volatile astatine on a glass surface was precisely determined to be 42.2 ± 2.5 ℃ via the simultaneous measurement of temperatures and the astatine radioactivity across the length of the glass tube with thermocouples and γ-ray spectrometers, respectively. Previously reported experimental profiles of the volatile species were also discussed.

In this study, the volatile adsorption temperature of volatile astatine species was studied using the 211At radionuclide produced via the 209Bi(4He,2n)211At nuclear reaction. Volatile astatine was separated from irradiated bismuth via dry distillation in a glass tube (inner diameter: 4 mm, length: 750 mm) filled with nitrogen. The adsorption temperature of the volatile astatine on a glass surface was precisely determined to be 42.2 ± 2.5 ℃ via the simultaneous measurement of temperatures and the astatine radioactivity across the length of the glass tube with thermocouples and γ-ray spectrometers, respectively. Previously reported experimental profiles of the volatile species were also discussed.

イットリウム90（Y-90）とルテチウム177（Lu-177）で標識抗体を用いて、担がんマウス治療実験により抗腫瘍効果（腫瘍サイズの縮小）を調べたところ、Lu-177標識抗体とY-90標識抗体で治療効果に相違が観察された。本発表では、線量評価の観点から、この違いを明らかにすることを目的として、臓器線量、臓器線量の時間変化、臓器内の線量分布の検討を行ったので、その成果について発表する。, 第59回アイソトープ・放射線研究発表会

Astatine was separated from a lead target, irradiated with 7Li ion beams, by dry distillation. Dry distillation was conducted in a glass test tube filled with nitrogen gas by heating the test tube with an electric furnace at 650 °C. The optimized conditions of the dry distillation procedure were studied by monitoring astatine radioactivity with gamma-ray spectrometers. The separation of astatine was accomplished in ~ 10 min. The cooling of the middle portion of the test tube was instrumental in recovering astatine radioactivity in high yields. The adsorption temperature of astatine on the glass surface was ~ 20 °C.

Astatine was separated from a lead target, irradiated with 7Li ion beams, by dry distillation. Dry distillation was conducted in a glass test tube filled with nitrogen gas by heating the test tube with an electric furnace at 650 ℃. The optimized conditions of the dry distillation procedure were studied by monitoring astatine radioactivity with gamma-ray spectrometers. The separation of astatine was accomplished in ~10 min. The cooling of the middle portion of the test tube was instrumental in recovering astatine radioactivity in high yields. The adsorption temperature of astatine on the glass surface was ~20 ℃.

α放射性核種のAt-211はアルファ標的RI治療の利用に有望視されている。このAt-211は、一般に加速器で照射したビスマス金属標的を融解し、揮発アスタチンを乾式蒸留によって熱分離し、精製されている。この分離条件は経験的なものであり、熱分離特性のひとつである揮発性アスタチンの吸着温度について分かっていない。本研究では、揮発性アスタチン化学種のガラス面での吸着温度を、乾式蒸留分離過程の放射能と温度の同時測定によって精密に求めた。得られた吸着温度の実験値と文献値の比較から、揮発性アスタチン化学種についての考察を行う。, 第61回日本核医学会学術総会

核医学分野においてα核種211Atアスタチンを用いた標的アイソトープ治療は、新しい癌治療法として注目されている。ところがアスタチンの化学的性質は、同族ハロゲンのヨウ素と異なり、未だに良く理解されていない。本研究では、乾式蒸留分離法によってアスタチンを照射済みビスマス標的から分離精製する方法を確立し、さらにアスタチンのガラス管への吸着挙動を詳細に調べることで、熱分離特性についての知見を得た。, 日本放射化学会第65回討論会(2021)

47Sc（半減期3.35日）は、がん治療に適したβ線（平均エネルギー 162 keV）と画像化に適したγ線（159 keV）を同時に放出するため、その臨床応用が期待されている。そのため、原子炉熱中性子及び加速器による荷電粒子等を用いた製造手法の研究が行われてきたが、臨床応用に必要な品質を確保できていない等の問題がある。近年、我々は、医療用RI合成に加速器で発生させる高速中性子（加速器中性子）を用いた製造法を提唱してきた。昨年の年会では、主に、ターゲット物質であるTiからの47Sc分離手法研究について報告したが、今回は、生成量と副生成物に関する入射する重陽子のエネルギー依存性並びに副生成物等の評価を中心に報告する。, 日本放射化学会第65回討論会(2021)

現在、国内で画像診断等に使用される99mTcは、原料である99Moを海外からの輸入に依存しており、国産化による安定供給が期待されている。加速器等で放射化法により製造される99Moは核分裂法で製造される場合より比放射能が低いため、病院で利用されている市販ジェネレーターの機構にそのまま使用することはできない。そこで本研究では、加速器中性子法で製造した[99Mo] MoO3をアルミナ樹脂に吸着させてジェネレーターを作製し、市販品同等の濃度で99mTcを溶出できる条件の検討及び小型ジェネレーターへの適用可能性の評価を実施した。, 第58回アイソトープ・放射線研究発表会

核医学分野においてα核種211Atアスタチンを用いた標的アイソトープ治療は、新しい癌治療法として注目されている。ところがアスタチンの化学的性質は、同族ハロゲンのヨウ素と異なり、未だに良く理解されていない。本研究では、乾式蒸留分離法によってアスタチンを照射済みビスマス標的から分離精製する方法を確立し、さらにアスタチンのガラス管への吸着挙動を詳細に調べることで、熱分離特性についての知見を得た。, 第58回アイソトープ・放射線研究発表会

Radio-chromatography was conducted by using the astatine radionuclides 209,210,211At produced in the 7Li induced reaction of 209Bi. The speciation of dissolved astatine chemical species of astatide (At–), astatate (AtO3–) and perastatate (AtO4–) was carried out by thin layer chromatography on silica gel with an ethanol/water solution. Amounts of the astatine species varied with concentrations of oxidizing and reducing reagents, potassium periodate, sodium sulfate and hydrazine hydrate. The oxidation-reduction reactions between At– (-I) and AtO3– (V) were found to form volatile At0 (0) and release it from a silica gel thin layer in the development.

EP300 and its paralog CBP play an important role in post-translational modification as histone acetyltransferases (HATs). EP300/CBP inhibition has been gaining attention as an anticancer treatment target in recent years. Herein, we describe the identification of a novel, highly selective EP300/CBP inhibitor, compound 11 (DS17701585), by scaffold hopping and structure-based optimization of a high-throughput screening hit 1. Compound 11 (DS17701585) shows dose-dependent inhibition of SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2) mRNA expression in a human lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line LK2-xenografted mouse model.

The metabolomic profiles of rat primary hepatocytes following treatment with rotenone, FCCP, or (+)-usnic acid were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Significant and similar changes in the levels of 283 biochemical metabolites were associated with the three treatments compared with solvent control samples. Overall, the three treatments generated similar global biochemical profiles, with some minor differences associated with rotenone treatment. All three treatments resulted in a shift in energy metabolism as demonstrated by decreased glycogen stores and glycolysis. A reduced antioxidant response was detected in cells following all treatments. In addition, bile acid biosynthesis decreased as a potential consequence of increased oxidative stress by all three treatments. Conversely, rotenone treatment induced a number of changes after 1 hr, which were not detected in FCCP- or (+)-usnic acid-treated samples; these changes were not sustained over time and included increased NAD+ salvage and lysine degradation. In conclusion, these biochemical profiles could provide new insights into the mechanism(s) of mitochondrial toxicity.

Production cross sections of iodine, tellurium and antimony radionuclides in the 24–59 MeV 7Li + natSn reaction have been measured by the conventional stacked foil technique with γ-ray spectrometry. Excitation functions of the production cross sections were compared with a statistical model calculation, indicating complete and incomplete fusion reactions produce the radionuclides. The integral yields of 123,124,125,126I were deduced from the calculated excitation functions in the 7Li induced reactions on natSn, 122Sn 120Sn and 119Sn in view of the production of medically important 123,124I and radionuclidic impurities of long-lived 125,126I. The results are discussed by comparing with literature values obtained with other reactions.

Dysglycemia is one of the most serious adverse events associated with the clinical use of certain fluoroquinolones. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the representative fluoroquinolones moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin on hepatic gluconeogenesis using primary monkey hepatocytes. Glucose production was induced after the cells were incubated for 4 h with 10 mM sodium lactate and 1 mM sodium pyruvate as gluconeogenic substrates. Under these conditions, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin dose-dependently suppressed gluconeogenesis at concentrations of 100 μM or higher. Transcriptome analysis of rate-limiting enzymes involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis revealed that moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin at a concentration of 1000 μM did not affect the expression of key gluconeogenic enzymes such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glucose 6-phosphatase, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. Furthermore, metabolome analysis, in vitro glucose production assay using additional gluconeogenic substrates, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase assay using the cell extracts showed that fluoroquinolones enzymatically suppressed hepatic gluconeogenesis by inhibiting fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. These inhibitory effects may involve in the clinically relevant dysglycemia associated with fluoroquinolones in human.

We measured the yields of radionuclides after neutron irradiation on an enriched 68ZnO sample covered with polyethylene blocks. The neutrons were generated from the 9Be(d,n) reaction by 40 and 50 M...

Production cross sections of astatine isotopes 207−211At in the 29–57 MeV 7Li + natPb reaction have been measured by α- and γ-ray spectrometry. Excitation functions of production cross sections have been compared with a statistical calculation to study the reaction mechanism of the 7Li + natPb reaction. Production reactions of 207−211At in the 7Li + natPb have been derived. Considerably small experimental cross sections of 210At and 209At compared with the statistical calculation were clearly observed at incident energies higher than 44 MeV, indicating that the effects of breakup reaction play a role. A chemical separation of astatine from an irradiated lead target has been studied with a dry-distillation method. A complementary way to produce astatine isotopes has been developed.

64Cu and 67Cu, promising candidates for radioimmunotherapy, were produced by irradiating enriched 64ZnO and natural ZnO with ~14 MeV neutrons via the 64Zn(n, p)64Cu and 67Zn(n, p)67Cu reactions. No-carrier-added 64,67Cu were separated giving a yield of >90 %, a low radionuclide impurity ratio of 65Zn (65Zn/64Cu

No-carrier-added 177Lu produced via the 176Yb(n, γ)177Yb → 177Lu process was separated from the macroscopic amounts of the Yb target using reversed-phase ion-pair liquid chromatography. To produce a highly purified 177Lu solution capable of labeling antibodies, the metallic impurities were removed using cation, chelating ion, and anion exchange columns. After the elimination of metallic impurities, the concentrations of Ca, Fe, and Zn were reduced from 87, 340, and 77 ppb to 13, 18, and 9 ppb, respectively. Consequently, the labeling yield of the 177Lu-labeled antibody increased from

Imaging of $^{95m}$Tc radioisotope was conducted using an electron tracking-Compton camera (ETCC). $^{95m}$Tc emits 204, 582, and 835 keV $\gamma$ rays, and was produced in the $^{95}$Mo(p,n)$^{95m}$Tc reaction with a $^{95}$Mo-enriched target. The recycling of the $^{95}$Mo-enriched molybdenum trioxide was investigated, and the recycled yield of $^{95}$Mo was achieved to be 70\% - 90\%. The images were obtained with each of the three $\gamma$ rays. Results showed that the spatial resolution increases with increasing $\gamma$-ray energy, and suggested that the ETCC with high-energy $\gamma$-ray emitters such as $^{95m}$Tc is useful for the medical imaging of deep tissue and organs in the human body., 電子飛跡検出型コンプトンカメラ(ETCC)を用いて放射性同位元素$^{95m}$Tcの画像撮像を実施した。$^{95m}$Tcは、204, 582, 835keVの3本の$\gamma$線を放出し、濃縮同位体$^{95}$Moを用いて$^{95}$Mo(p,n)$^{95m}$Tc反応で合成される。濃縮$^{95}$Mo同位体三酸化物の再利用について実験を実施し、再生率70$\sim$90\%を達成した。画像は3本の$\gamma$線それぞれを用いて解析し取得した。その結果、$\gamma$線エネルギーが高いほど空間分解能が向上することが判り、$^{95m}$Tcのような高エネルギー$\gamma$線放出核を利用することで、ETCCが人体の深部の組織や器官の医療画像撮像に有効であることを示唆する結果を得た。

The peripheral blood Pig-a assay has shown promise as a tool for evaluating in vivo mutagenicity. In this study five laboratories participated in a collaborative trial that evaluated the transferability and reproducibility of a rat Pig-a assay that uses a HIS49 antibody reacts with an antigen found on erythrocytes and erythroid progenitors. In preliminary work, flow cytometry methods were established that enabled all laboratories to detect CD59-negative erythrocyte frequencies (Pig-a mutant frequencies) of

This study evaluated the profile of patients submitted to gastroplasty in the University Hospital of Maringá during 2008-2009. Clinical charts were analyzed to obtain clinical and laboratory data of all patients with morbid obesity submitted to gastroplasty. During the study period, 28 surgeries were performed, 57% of the patients lived in Maringá, 82% female, 40 years average age, with mean body mass index (BMI) of 46.7kg m-2. It was verified that 39% of the patients maintained an usual non-hypocaloric diet, 25% had quoted dietary reeducation, 36% were sedentary, and 29% practiced some physical activity, and remaining 1/3 of patients presented no data about lifestyle. Regarding associated pathologies, 79% were hypertensive, and 71% of patients presented fasting glucose above 100 mg dL-1, but only 12 of them had diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The hospital stay length was 4 days for 89% of the patients, and 11% had surgery complications. In this group of subjects, there was a clear preponderance of females and high prevalence of other pathologies. Identifying the profile of obese patients contributes to more effective decision-making and emphasizes the crucial role of multidisciplinary approach to health promotion and prevention of early and late complications of morbid obesity and gastroplasty.

To reduce the power consumption in data centers, the coordinated control of the air conditioner and the serversis required. It takes tens of minutes for changes of operationalparameters of air conditioners including outlet air temperatureand volume to be reflected in the temperature distribution inthe whole data center. So, the proactive control of the airconditioners is required according to the prediction temperaturedistribution corresponding to the load on the servers. In thispaper, the temperature distribution and the power efficiencyof air conditioner were predicted by using a machine-learningtechnique, and also we propose a method to follow-up proactivecontrol of the air conditioner under the predicted optimumcondition. Consequently, by the follow-up proactive control ofthe air conditioner and the load of servers, power consumptionreduction of 30% at maximum was demonstrated.

To decrease the power consumption of data centers, coordinated control of air conditioners and task assignment on servers is crucial. It takes tens of minutes for changes of operational parameters of air conditioners including outlet air temperature and volume to be actually reflected in the temperature distribution in the whole data center. Proactive control of the air conditioners is therefore required according to the predicted temperature distribution, which is highly dependent on the task assignment on the servers. In this paper, we apply a machine learning technique for predicting the temperature distribution in a data center. The temperature predictor employs regression models for describing the temperature distribution as it is predicted to be several minutes in the future, with the model parameters trained using operational data monitored at the target data center. We evaluated the performance of the temperature predictor for an experimental data center, in terms of the accuracy of the regression models and the calculation times for training and prediction. The temperature distribution was predicted with an accuracy of 0.095°C. The calculation times for training and prediction were around 1,000 seconds and 10 seconds, respectively. Furthermore, the power consumption of air conditioners was decreased by roughly 30% through proactive control based on the predicting temperature distribution.

近年，政策やサービスなどの評判を調査するためにアンケート形式による調査が増加しているが，回収率が低落傾向にあることや，人的コストが増加するなどの問題が生じている．一方，Web上にはユーザの意見を含む評価情報が多数存在している．そこで本研究では，評判傾向予測システムの構築を目的として評判傾向の時間的変化とその原因をマイクロブログから抽出する評判傾向抽出エージェントの実現を目指す．特に本論文では，評判傾向の抽出と評判傾向が変化した原因の抽出に注力する．評価情報の感情を抽出するセンチメント分析に着目し，回帰式から評判傾向の変化点を抽出した後に，変化点におけるトピックをチャンキングにより抽出する手法を提案する．本手法は，従来の評価判定法であるp/n判定にセンチメント分析を組み合わせることで，p/n判定単体よりも人手による調査と相関の高い時系列変化を抽出できる点が特徴であり，政治及びテレビドラマに関するコンテンツを対象に実際の支持率，視聴率に対する評価実験を実施した結果，政治（自由度調整済決定係数R'2（p/n判定単体：0.22，提案手法：0.60）），テレビドラマ（自由度調整済決定係数R'2（p/n判定単体：0.26，提案手法：0.56））ともに相関の高い時系列変化を抽出できることが確認できた., In this paper, we propose reputation trend extraction method from microblogging using sentiment analysis and topic extraction. Microblogging is a new form of communication in which users can describe their current status in short texts. We analyze these contents by two approaches -- positive vs. negative determination and sentiment analysis. Moreover, we use the multiple regression is order to get the semantic orientations which have an impact to investigation objects, and we also use chunking is order to extract topics that cause reputation changes. We evaluated our method by applying it to the politics and the ratings of TV dramas.

In this paper, we present a highly accurate position detection system using a textile technique as a useful application of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. To support this system, we also developed an automatic mapmaking system. Massively distributed RFID tags have the potential for location-aware applications. However, deploying RFID tags and correlating the physical coordinates of each tag identification for mapmaking is relatively expensive and time-consuming. We developed RFID textile and a customized textile inspection machine as an automatic mapmaking system. We examined the feasibility of a tracking system using the RFID textile that was calibrated by the developed mapmaking system. The calibration for a 19-m length of RFID textile, including 1900 RFID tags, was completed within 38 min, and RFID-based tracking system could successfully detect a walking trajectory.

As part of basic studies on bifunctional chelating agents for 177Lu-labeled antibodies, 177Lu complexation of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-N,N´,N´´,N´´´-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and diethylenetriamine-N,N,N´,N´´,N´´-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) was investigated in the presence of competing metals, including Ca(II), Fe(II), and Zn(II). It was found that DTPA is a better 177Lu complexation agent than DOTA in the presence of Ca(II), Fe(II), and Zn(II). Moreover, the elimination of Fe from the 177Lu solution proved especially effective because the DTPA comlexation of 177Lu was highly inhibited by Fe(II).

With the development of the Compton camera which can realize high position resolution, technetium isotopes emitting high energy gamma-rays are required. In this study, Technetium-95m which emits some gamma rays with higher than 200 keV was produced by the 95Mo(p,n)95mTc reaction. Image of gamma-rays from 95mTc was taken by a Compton gamma-ray camera.

A neutron source from the C(d,n) reaction has the unique capability of producing medical radioisotopes such as 99Mo with a minimum level of radioactive waste. Precise data on the neutron flux are crucial to determine the best conditions for obtaining the maximum yield of 99Mo. The measured yield of 99Mo produced by the 100Mo(n,2n)99Mo reaction from a large sample mass of MoO3 agrees well with the numerical result estimated with the latest neutron data, which are a factor of two larger than the other existing data. This result establishes an important finding for the domestic production of 99Mo: approximately 50% of the demand for 99Mo in Japan could be met using a 100 g 100MoO3 sample mass with a single accelerator of 40 MeV, 2 mA deuteron beams.

Ambient light sensors have been used to reduce power consumption of Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Displays (AMLCD) adjusting display brightness depending on ambient illumination. Discrete sensors have been commonly used for this purpose. They make module design complex. Therefore it has been required to integrate the sensors on the display panels for solving the issue. So far, many kinds of integrated sensors have been developed using Amorphous Silicon (a-Si) technology or Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon (LTPS) technology. These conventional integrated sensors have two problems. One is that LTPS sensors have less dynamic range due to the less photosensitivity of LTPS photodiodes. The other is that both the LTPS and a-Si sensors are susceptible to display driving noises. In this paper, we introduce a novel integrated sensor using both LTPS and a-Si technologies, which can solve these problems. It consists of vertical a-Si Schottky photodiodes and an LTPS differential converter circuit. The a-Si photodiodes have much higher photosensitivity than LTPS ones, and this contributes to wide dynamic range and high accuracy. The LTPS differential converter circuit converts photocurrent of the photodiodes to a robust digital signal. In addition it has a function of canceling the influences of the display driving noises. With the circuit, the sensor can stably and accurately work even under the noises. The performance of the sensor introduced in this paper was measured to verify the advantages of the novel design. The measurement result showed that it worked in a wide ambient illuminance range of 5-55, 000lux with small errors of below 5%. It was also verified that it stably and accurately worked even under the display driving noise. Thus the sensor introduced in this paper achieved the wide dynamic range and noise robustness.

金沢大学新学術創成研究機構 / 金沢大学医薬保健研究域薬学系, Objective: Rhenium is one of the most valuable elements for internal radiotherapy because 186Re and 188Re have favorable physical characteristics. However, there are problems when proteins such as antibodies are used as carriers of 186/188Re. Labeling methods that use bifunctional chelating agents such as MAG3 require the conjugation of the 186/188Re complex to protein after radiolabeling with the bifunctional chelating agent. These processes are complicated. Therefore, we planned the preparation by a simple method and evaluation of a stable 186/188Re-labeled antibody. For this purpose, we selected 186/188Re(I) tricarbonyl complex as a chelating site. In this study, A7 (an IgG1 murine monoclonal antibody) was used as a model protein. 186/188Re-labeled A7 was prepared by directly reacting a 186/188Re(I) tricarbonyl precursor, [186/188Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+, with A7. We then compared the biodistribution of 186/188Re-labeled A7 in tumor-bearing mice with 125I-labeled A7. Methods: For labeling A7, [186/188Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+ was prepared according to a published procedure. 186/188Re-labeled A7 (186/188Re-(CO)3-A7) was prepared by reacting [186/188Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+ with A7 at 43°C for 2 h. Biodistribution experiments were performed by the intravenous administration of 186/188Re-(CO)3-A7 solution into tumor-bearing mice. Results: 186Re-(CO)3-A7 and 188Re-(CO)3-A7 were prepared with radiochemical yields of 23 and 28%, respectively. After purification with a PD-10 column, 186/188Re-(CO)3-A7 showed a radiochemical purity of over 95%. In biodistribution experiments, 13.1 and 13.2% of the injected dose/g of 186Re-(CO)3-A7 and 188Re-(CO)3-A7, respectively, accumulated in the tumor at 24-h postinjection, and the tumor-to-blood ratios were over 2.0 at the same time point. Meanwhile, uptake of 125I-A7 in the tumor was almost the same as that of 186/188Re-(CO)3-A7 at 24-h postinjection. Blood clearances of 186/188Re-(CO)3-A7 were faster than those of 125I-A7. Conclusion: 186/188Re-labeled A7 showed high uptakes in the tumor. However, further modification of the labeling method would be necessary to improve radiochemical yields and their biodistribution. © 2009 The Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine.

金沢大学疾患モデル総合研究センター / 金沢大学学際科学実験センターアイソトープ総合研究施設, Purpose: We have developed a 186Re-mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine complex-conjugated bisphosphonate (186Re-MAG3-HBP) for the treatment of painful bone metastases. We assumed competitive inhibitors of protein binding to be useful for procuring a favorable biodistribution of 186Re-MAG3-HBP for the palliation of bone pain because it has been reported that the concurrent administration of 99mTc-MAG3 and drugs with high affinity for serum protein produced competitive displacement at specific binding sites and enhanced total clearance and tissue distribution. Methods: The displacement effects of several protein-binding inhibitors on the protein binding of 186Re-MAG3-HBP were investigated. Biodistribution experiments were performed by intravenously administering 186Re-MAG3-HBP into rats with ceftriaxone as a competitive protein-binding inhibitor or saline. Results: The protein binding of 186Re-MAG3-HBP in rat serum, human serum, and a human serum albumin solution was significantly decreased by the addition of ceftriaxone, which has high affinity for binding site I on serum albumin. In the biodistribution experiments, pretreatment with ceftriaxone enhanced the clearance of the radioactivity of 186Re-MAG3-HBP in blood and nontarget tissues but had no effect on accumulation in bone. Conclusions: The findings suggested that the use of protein-binding competitive inhibitors would be effective in improving the pharmacokinetics of radiopharmaceuticals with high affinity for serum protein. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.

DNA is damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and such damage is age-dependent. Blood chemical parameters also change age-dependently. Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role as an antioxidant. However, the effects of GSH on DNA damage and blood chemistry are unclear. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate GSH contribution to DNA damage and changes of blood chemical parameters in aged and young rats. The GSH content in the livers and kidneys of aged rats (20 months) were lower than that in young rats (9 weeks of age) with higher DNA damage detected by a comet assay. There was a negative correlation between the GSH content and the DNA damage in the liver and kidney. L-buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO; 0, 5, 20 mM), which inhibits GSH synthesis, was administered in drinking water for 28 days to young and aged rats (8 weeks and 19 months of age at the start of the administration). The treatment significantly decreased GSH levels in the heart, liver, lung and kidney of either the young or aged rats without causing DNA damage in those organs. When compared with young rats, aged rats showed higher levels in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, globulin, creatinine, sodium and chloride and lower levels in alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, albumin/globulin and inorganic phosphorus. However, BSO did not change these parameters in young or aged rats. These results showed that there was a negative correlation between GSH and DNA damage during aging, but the BSO-induced GSH depletion did not affect DNA damage or blood chemistry levels in young and aged rats under these study conditions.

Sensing ambient light in mobile applications allows reduced power consumption through backlight control. Integration of light sensors reduces module complexity and location of the sensors close to the pixel array simplifies integration in products. We describe an integrated ambient light sensor consisting of lateral pin diodes and digital read out circuit.