Search

Your search keyword '"Kant S"' showing total 1,229 results
Start Over Author "Kant S"
1,229 results on '"Kant S"'

1. A Review on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Graphite Reinforced Self Lubricating Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

Author

Khatkar S. K., Suri N. M., Kant S., and Pankaj

Subjects
Technology, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMC’s) are next generation metal matrix composite materials that have the potential of gratifying recent demands of advanced energy applications in the field of aerospace, automobile and biomedical. The MMC’s have to work at elevated temperature or vacuum environment where lubrication using liquid lubricants is ineffective or difficult to achieve; moreover, liquid lubricants are not environmental friendly, since they releases pollutants into environment. Solid lubricants such as graphite, CNT’s, MoS2and graphene have been widely used as secondary reinforcements to meet such operational needs by fabricating green or environmental friendly self lubricating HMMC’s. This article outlines recent advances in the area of self lubricating HMMC’s reinforced with graphite as secondary reinforcement. The focus of the study was on mechanical and tribological behavior of Aluminum and magnesium based self lubricating HMMC’s. The effect of graphite, different hybrid reinforcements and their strengthening mechanisms are also discussed in detail.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. A study of skin sensitivity to various allergens by skin prick test in patients of nasobronchial allergy

Author

Prasad R, Verma S, Dua R, Kant S, Kushwaha R.A.S, and Agarwal S

Subjects
Skin prick test, nasobronchial allergy, allergens, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Objective: To study skin sensitivity to various allergens in patients of nasobronchial allergy. Materials and Methods: 2880 skin prick tests with 60 allergens were performed in 48 patients of nasobronchial allergy. Results: Most common offending allergens were insects (21.2%), followed by dusts (12.0%), pollens (7.8%), animal dander (3.1%), and fungi (1.3%). The common insect antigen were locust female (33.3%) followed by locust male (25%), grasshopper (20.8%), cricket (16.7%), cockroach female (16.7%) and cockroach male (14.6%). Common dust allergens were house dust, wheat dust, cotton mill and paper dust. Among pollens, Amaranthus spinosus, Argemone mexicana, Adhatoda vasica, Ailanthus and Cannabis were found to be common allergens. In animal danders common offending allergens were cow dander and dog dander. Among fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria teneis and Fusarium sodani were common allergens. Patients of bronchial asthma had associated allergic rhinitis in 80% cases. Conclusion: Common allergens in patients of nasobronchial allergy were identified. The data may prove useful in of allergen avoidance and immunotherapy in these patients.

Published
2009

3. Breathing exercises as adjuvant in the management of COPD : An overview

Author

Kant S and Singh G

Subjects
Breathing exercises, COPD, HRQL, Dyspnea, Pursed lip breathing., Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

COPD is the most common chronic lung disease. It is a major cause of chronic morbidity, mortality and health care used throughout the world and resulting in an economic and social burden that is both substantial and increasing also in our country. Pharmacotherapy alone does not optimize and have limited role in im-proving dyspnea, exercise limitation and quality of life which are characteristic and troublesome features of COPD. Breathing exercises are popular among patients, physician and physiotherapist and has been shown to improve efficiency of ventila-tion and exercise performance. But the efficacy of breathing exercises in relieving dyspnea varies greatly among patients. True values of these techniques have not yet been formally established, though they would seem to have intrinsic merit.

Published
2006

4. A follow up study on revised national tuberculosis control programme (RNTCP): Results from a single centre study

Author

Prasad R, Verma S, Shrivastava P, Kant S, Kushwaha R.A.S, and Kumar S

Subjects
RNTCP India, Relapse, Tuberculosis, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Objective: To know the follow up status of tuberculosis patients after 1 year of completion of treatment in RNTCP. Material & Methods: Those patients of tuberculosis, who were registered from June 2003 to June 2004 at DOTS centre of our institution, were followed up at their homes after one year of completion of treatment between August 2005 and August 2006, with the help of health visitor. Patients were followed up clinically and symptomatic patients were also followed radiologically as we1l as bacteriologicalty. Results of the study were recorded in terms of number of patients remained asymptomatic, number of patients relapsed and number of patients died. Results: Out of 237 patients registered, 8 patients died during treatment period, 12 patients defaulted the treatment, the number of failures was 5 and 212 patients were declared cured/treatment completed. Out of these 212 patients 60 were unavailable for interview due to various reasons. The study observed that out of a total of 152 patients interviewed, 137 patients (90.1%) of remained asymptomatic, 11 patients (7.2%) had relapsed and 4 patients (2.6%) died during follow up. Conclusion: The study observed that majority of patients (90.1%) re-mained asymptomatic after the completion of one year of treatment under DOTS.

Published
2008

5. Unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia - A case report

Author

Kant S

Subjects
Hypoplasia, Bronchoscopy, CT scan thorax., Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

A case of right sided pulmonary hypoplasia is described. A 20 years male was admitted in our department with complaints of recurrent chest infections since childhood. Clinical examination revealed smaller right hemithorax. Serial chest X- rays showed nonprogressive lesions over several years. Bronchoscopy and CT scan thorax confirmed the diagnosis of right sided pulmonary hypoplasia. It was not associated with any other developmental anomaly.

Published
2007

6. HIV Sero Prevalence Among Pregnant Women Residing Selected Slums Of Delhi

Author

Kant S, Patel M.S, Seth P, Booth B, and Martin K

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Research question: How much is HIV sero-positivity among residing in the slums of Delhi? Objective: To find out the HIV sero-positivity rate among women residing in slums of Delhi. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Ante-natal clinics operated by a non-governmental organization in 13 slum communities in East and South Delhi, India Participants: All pregnant women, regardless of gestational period, who had stayed for six months or more in the preceding one year, in the selected slums. Outcome variable: HIV sero-positivity. Results: None of the 1521 blood specimens was positive for HIV antibody. There may have been selection bias. The sample size was inadequate to detect a sero-prevalence of less than 0.5% with 95% C.I. The findings could not be generalised to other population sub-groups.

Published
1998

7. Knowledge, Attitude, Belief And Practice (K.A.B.P) Study On Aids Among Senior Secondary Students

Author

Sharma A.K, Sehgal Virendra N, Kant S, and Bhardwaj A

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Research question: What is the level of knowledge , attitude, belief and practices of senior secondary students about AIDS? Objective: To document the knowledge, attitude, belief and practices about AIDS among senior secondary students. Study design: Cross- sectional. Setting: Four senior secondary schools including two boys and two girls schools of Rural Delhi. Participants: Students of senior secondary schools. Study variables: Knowledge, attitude, belief and practices regarding AIDS. Statistical analysis: Proportions. Results: A large majority (83.0%) of students though had heard about AIDS, yet majority of them did not know the possible method of prevention of AIDS. Only 27.1 % girls knew about regular condom usage. Half of them had permissible attitude for pre- marital sex while sexual activity was observed in one- fourth students. Students were less reluctant to discuss about AIDS than sex and teachers were preferred as compared to parents in this regard. Conclusion: School is an ideal setting for adolescents for educating them regarding HIV/AIDS transmission and safer sex behaviour.

Published
1997

11. Efficacy, safety, and lot-to-lot immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152): interim results of a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 3 trial

Author

Aggarwal, P., Aglawe, V., Ali, A., Anand, N., Awad, N., Bafna, V., Balasubramaniyam, G., Bandkar, A., Basha, P., Bharge, V., Bhate, A., Bhate, S., Bhavani, V., Bhosale, R., Chalapathy, DV, Chaubal, C., Chaudhary, D., Chavan, A., Desai, P., Dhodi, D., Dutta, S., Garg, R., Garg, K., George, M., Goyal, P., Guleria, R., Gupta, S., Jain, M., Jain, M.K., Jindal, S., Kalra, M., Kant, S., Khosla, P., Kulkarni, P., Kumar, P., Kumar, Y., Majumdar, A., Meshram, P., Mishra, V., Mohanty, S., Nair, J., Pandey, S., Panigrahi, S.K., Patil, B., Patil, V., Rahate, P., Raj, V., Ramanand, S., Rami, K., Ramraj, B., Rane, S., Rao, E.V., Rao, N., Raphael, R., Reddy, G., Redkar, V., Redkar, S., Sachdeva, A., Saha, J., Sahoo, J., Sampath, P., Savith, A., Shah, M., Shanmugam, L., Sharma, R., Sharma, P., Sharma, D., Singh, A., Singh, J., Singh, P., Sivaprakasam, S., Subramaniam, S., Sudheer, D., Tandon, S., Tariq, M., Tripathi, V., Vable, M., Verma, R., Waghmare, S., Ella, Raches, Reddy, Siddarth, Blackwelder, William, Potdar, Varsha, Yadav, Pragya, Sarangi, Vamshi, Aileni, Vinay K, Kanungo, Suman, Rai, Sanjay, Reddy, Prabhakar, Verma, Savita, Singh, Chandramani, Redkar, Sagar, Mohapatra, Satyajit, Pandey, Anil, Ranganadin, Pajanivel, Gumashta, Raghavendra, Multani, Manish, Mohammad, Shameem, Bhatt, Parul, Kumari, Laxmi, Sapkal, Gajanan, Gupta, Nivedita, Abraham, Priya, Panda, Samiran, Prasad, Sai, Bhargava, Balram, Ella, Krishna, and Vadrevu, Krishna Mohan

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. A MULTICENTRIC STUDY ON GENOMIC INSIGHTS OF ESBL PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI CAUSING COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN CHILDREN IN INDIA: PREDICTING NEAR FUTURE

Author

Mohapatra, S., primary, Venugopal, S., additional, Chunchanur, S., additional, Panigrahi, R., additional, Tak, V., additional, Perumal, V., additional, Ghosh, D., additional, Sharma, T., additional, Pundir, S., additional, Chaudhuri, S., additional, Hari, P., additional, and Kant, S., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Stable long-term outcomes after cochlear implantation in subjects with TMPRSS3 associated hearing loss: a retrospective multicentre study.

Author

Fehrmann, M. L. A., Huinck, W. J., Thijssen, M. E. G., Haer-Wigman, L., Yntema, H. G., Rotteveel, L. J. C., Widdershoven, J. C. C., Goderie, T., van Dooren, M. F., Hoefsloot, E. H., van der Schroeff, M. P., Mylanus, E. A. M., Kant, S. G., de Gier, H. H. W., Ropers, F. G., Kriek, M., Aten, E., Hof, J. R., Hellingman, K., and Vernimmen, V.

Subjects
COCHLEAR implants, SPEECH perception, RESEARCH, AGE distribution, SENSORINEURAL hearing loss, SENSORY ganglia, RETROSPECTIVE studies, TREATMENT effectiveness, GENE expression, GENOTYPES, PHONETICS, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, MEMBRANE proteins
Abstract

Background: The spiral ganglion hypothesis suggests that pathogenic variants in genes preferentially expressed in the spiral ganglion nerves (SGN), may lead to poor cochlear implant (CI) performance. It was long thought that TMPRSS3 was particularly expressed in the SGNs. However, this is not in line with recent reviews evaluating CI performance in subjects with TMPRSS3-associated sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) reporting overall beneficial outcomes. These outcomes are, however, based on variable follow-up times of, in general, 1 year or less. Therefore, we aimed to 1. evaluate long-term outcomes after CI implantation of speech recognition in quiet in subjects with TMPRSS3-associated SNHL, and 2. test the spiral ganglion hypothesis using the TMPRSS3-group. Methods: This retrospective, multicentre study evaluated long-term CI performance in a Dutch population with TMPRSS3-associated SNHL. The phoneme scores at 70 dB with CI in the TMPRSS3-group were compared to a control group of fully genotyped cochlear implant users with post-lingual SNHL without genes affecting the SGN, or severe anatomical inner ear malformations. CI-recipients with a phoneme score ≤ 70% at least 1-year post-implantation were considered poor performers and were evaluated in more detail. Results: The TMPRSS3 group consisted of 29 subjects (N = 33 ears), and the control group of 62 subjects (N = 67 ears). For the TMPRSS3-group, we found an average phoneme score of 89% after 5 years, which remained stable up to 10 years post-implantation. At both 5 and 10-year follow-up, no difference was found in speech recognition in quiet between both groups (p = 0.830 and p = 0.987, respectively). Despite these overall adequate CI outcomes, six CI recipients had a phoneme score of ≤ 70% and were considered poor performers. The latter was observed in subjects with residual hearing post-implantation or older age at implantation. Conclusion: Subjects with TMPRSS3-associated SNHL have adequate and stable long-term outcomes after cochlear implantation, equal to the performance of genotyped patient with affected genes not expressed in the SGN. These findings are not in line with the spiral ganglion hypothesis. However, more recent studies showed that TMPRSS3 is mainly expressed in the hair cells with only limited SGN expression. Therefore, we cannot confirm nor refute the spiral ganglion hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Aspiration Risk Factors, Microbiology, and Empiric Antibiotics for Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Author

Marin-Corral, J, Pascual-Guardia, S, Amati, F, Aliberti, S, Masclans, J, Soni, N, Rodriguez, A, Sibila, O, Sanz, F, Sotgiu, G, Anzueto, A, Dimakou, K, Petrino, R, van de Garde, E, Restrepo, M, Aruj, P, Attorri, S, Barimboim, E, Caeiro, J, Garzon, M, Cambursano, V, Adrian Ceccato, V, Chertcoff, J, Lascar, F, Di Tulio, F, Diaz, A, de Vedia, L, Ganaha, M, Lambert, S, Lopardo, G, Luna, C, Malberti, A, Morcillo, N, Tartara, S, Pensotti, C, Pereyra, B, Scapellato, P, Stagnaro, J, Shah, S, Lotsch, F, Thalhammer, F, Anseeuw, K, Francois, C, Van Braeckel, E, Vincent, J, Djimon, M, Bashi, J, Dodo, R, Nouer, S, Chipev, P, Encheva, M, Miteva, D, Petkova, D, Balkissou, A, Pefura Yone, E, Mbatchou Ngahane, B, Shen, N, Xu, J, Bustamante Rico, C, Buitrago, R, Pereira Paternina, F, Kayembe Ntumba, J, Carevic, V, Jakopovic, M, Jankovic, M, Matkovic, Z, Mitrecic, I, Bouchy Jacobsson, M, Christensen, A, Heitmann Bodtger, U, Meyer, C, Jensen, A, Baunbaek-knudsen, G, Petersen, P, Andersen, S, El-Said Abd El-Wahhab, I, Morsy, N, Shafiek, H, Sobh, E, Abdulsemed, K, Bertrand, F, Brun-Buisson, C, de Montmollin, E, Fartoukh, M, Messika, J, Tattevin, P, Khoury, A, Ebruke, B, Dreher, M, Kolditz, M, Meisinger, M, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Rupp, J, Schaberg, T, Spielmanns, M, Creutz, P, Suttorp, N, Siaw-Lartey, B, Papapetrou, D, Tsigou, E, Ampazis, D, Kaimakamis, E, Bhatia, M, Dhar, R, D'Souza, G, Garg, R, Koul, P, Mahesh, P, Jayaraj, B, Narayan, K, Udnur, H, Krishnamurthy, S, Kant, S, Swarnakar, R, Limaye, S, Salvi, S, Golshani, K, Keatings, V, Martin-Loeches, I, Maor, Y, Strahilevitz, J, Faverio, P, Battaglia, S, Carrabba, M, Ceriana, P, Confalonieri, M, Monforte, A, Del Prato, B, De Rosa, M, Fantini, R, Fiorentino, G, Gammino, M, Menzella, F, Milani, G, Nava, S, Palmiero, G, Gabrielli, B, Rossi, P, Sorino, C, Steinhilber, G, Zanforlin, A, San Luca, O, Franzetti, F, Carugati, M, Morosi, M, Monge, E, Carone, M, Patella, V, Scarlata, S, Comel, A, Kurahashi, K, Bacha, Z, Ugalde, D, Zuniga, O, Villegas, J, Medenica, M, Mihsra, D, Shrestha, P, Ridgeon, E, Awokola, B, Adefuye Bolanle Olufunlola, O, Olumide, S, Ukwaja, K, Irfan, M, Minarowski, L, Szymon, S, Froes, F, Leuschner, P, Meireles, M, Ferrao, C, Neves, J, Abel, S, Ravara, S, Brocovschii, V, Rusu, D, Toma, C, Chirita, D, Dorobat, C, Birkun, A, Kaluzhenina, A, Almotairi, A, Ali Bukhary, Z, Edathodu, J, Fathy, A, Abdulaziz Enani, A, Mohamed, N, Memon, J, Bella, A, Bogdanovic, S, Milenkovic, B, Pesut, D, Borderias, L, Bordon Garcia, N, Alarcon, H, Cilloniz, C, Torres, A, Diaz-Brito, V, Casas, X, Gonzalez, A, Fernandez-Almira, M, Interna, M, Gallego, M, Gaspar-GarcIa, I, Gonzalez del Castillo, J, Victoria, P, Martinez, E, Malo de Molina, R, Marcos, P, Menendez, R, Pando-Sandoval, A, Aymerich, C, Lacoma de la Torre, A, Garcia-Olive, I, Rello, J, Moyano, S, Rodrigo-Troyano, A, Sole-Violan, J, Uranga, A, van Boven, J, Torra, E, Pujol, J, Feldman, C, Yum, H, Arnauld Attannon Fiogbe, I, Yangui, F, Bilaceroglu, S, Levent Dalar, I, Yilmaz, U, Bogomolov, A, Elahi, N, Dhasmana, D, Feneley, A, Hill, A, Rudran, B, Ruiz-Buitrago, S, Campbell, M, Whitaker, P, Youzguin, A, Singanayagam, A, Hancock, C, Villafuerte, D, Allen, K, Brito, V, Dietz, J, Dysart, C, Kellie, S, Ricardo, A, Meier, G, Gaga, M, Holland, T, Bergin, S, Kheir, F, Landmeier, M, Lois, M, Nair, G, Patel, H, Reyes, K, Rodriguez-Cintron, W, Saito, S, Noda, J, Hinojosa, C, Levine, S, Reyes, L, Angel, L, Whitlow, K, Hipskind, J, Sukhija, K, Totten, V, Wunderink, R, Shah, R, Mateyo, K, Noriega, L, Alvarado, E, Aman, M, Labra, L, Marin-Corral J., Pascual-Guardia S., Amati F., Aliberti S., Masclans J. R., Soni N., Rodriguez A., Sibila O., Sanz F., Sotgiu G., Anzueto A., Dimakou K., Petrino R., van de Garde E., Restrepo M. I., Aruj P. K., Attorri S., Barimboim E., Caeiro J. P., Garzon M. I., Cambursano V. H., Adrian Ceccato V. H. D. C. A., Chertcoff J., Lascar F., Di Tulio F., Diaz A. C., de Vedia L., Ganaha M. C., Lambert S., Lopardo G., Luna C. M., Malberti A. G., Morcillo N., Tartara S., Pensotti C., Pereyra B., Scapellato P. G., Stagnaro J. P., Shah S., Lotsch F., Thalhammer F., Anseeuw K., Francois C. A., Van Braeckel E., Vincent J. L., Djimon M. Z., Bashi J., Dodo R., Nouer S. A., Chipev P., Encheva M., Miteva D., Petkova D., Balkissou A. D., Pefura Yone E. W., Mbatchou Ngahane B. H., Shen N., Xu J. -F., Bustamante Rico C. A., Buitrago R., Pereira Paternina F. J., Kayembe Ntumba J. -M., Carevic V. V., Jakopovic M., Jankovic M., Matkovic Z., Mitrecic I., Bouchy Jacobsson M. -L., Christensen A. B., Heitmann Bodtger U. C., Meyer C. N., Jensen A. V., Baunbaek-knudsen G., Petersen P. T., Andersen S., El-Said Abd El-Wahhab I., Morsy N. E., Shafiek H., Sobh E., Abdulsemed K. A., Bertrand F., Brun-Buisson C., de Montmollin E., Fartoukh M., Messika J., Tattevin P., Khoury A., Ebruke B., Dreher M., Kolditz M., Meisinger M., Pletz M. W., Hagel S., Rupp J., Schaberg T., Spielmanns M., Creutz P., Suttorp N., Siaw-Lartey B., Papapetrou D., Tsigou E., Ampazis D., Kaimakamis E., Bhatia M., Dhar R., D'Souza G., Garg R., Koul P. A., Mahesh P. A., Jayaraj B. S., Narayan K. V., Udnur H. B., Krishnamurthy S. B., Kant S., Swarnakar R., Limaye S., Salvi S., Golshani K., Keatings V. M., Martin-Loeches I., Maor Y., Strahilevitz J., Faverio P., Battaglia S., Carrabba M., Ceriana P., Confalonieri M., Monforte A. D., Del Prato B., De Rosa M., Fantini R., Fiorentino G., Gammino M. A., Menzella F., Milani G., Nava S., Palmiero G., Gabrielli B., Rossi P., Sorino C., Steinhilber G., Zanforlin A., San Luca O., Franzetti F., Carugati M., Morosi M., Monge E., Carone M., Patella V., Scarlata S., Comel A., Kurahashi K., Bacha Z. A., Ugalde D. B., Zuniga O. C., Villegas J. F., Medenica M., Mihsra D. R., Shrestha P., Ridgeon E., Awokola B. I., Adefuye Bolanle Olufunlola O. N. O., Olumide S., Ukwaja K. N., Irfan M., Minarowski L., Szymon S., Froes F., Leuschner P., Meireles M., Ferrao C., Neves J., Abel Salazar, Ravara S. B., Brocovschii V., Rusu D., Toma C., Chirita D., Dorobat C. M., Birkun A., Kaluzhenina A., Almotairi A., Ali Bukhary Z. A., Edathodu J., Fathy A., Abdulaziz Enani A. M., Mohamed N. E., Memon J. U., Bella A., Bogdanovic S. N., Milenkovic B., Pesut D., Borderias L., Bordon Garcia N. M., Alarcon H. C., Cilloniz C., Torres A., Diaz-Brito V., Casas X., Gonzalez A. E., Fernandez-Almira M. L., Interna M., Gallego M., Gaspar-GarcIa I., Gonzalez del Castillo J., Victoria P. J., Martinez E. L., Malo de Molina R., Marcos P. J., Menendez R., Pando-Sandoval A., Aymerich C. P., Lacoma de la Torre A., Garcia-Olive I., Rello J., Moyano S., Rodrigo-Troyano A., Sole-Violan J., Uranga A., van Boven J. F., Torra E. V., Pujol J. A., Feldman C., Yum H. K., Arnauld Attannon Fiogbe I. U., Yangui F., Bilaceroglu S., Levent Dalar I. D., Yilmaz U., Bogomolov A., Elahi N., Dhasmana D. J., Feneley A., Hill A. T., Rudran B., Ruiz-Buitrago S., Campbell M., Whitaker P., Youzguin A., Singanayagam A., Hancock C., Villafuerte D., Allen K. S., Brito V., Dietz J., Dysart C. E., Kellie S. M., Ricardo A. Franco-Sadud C. J., Meier G., Gaga M., Holland T. L., Bergin S. P., Kheir F., Landmeier M., Lois M., Nair G. B., Patel H., Reyes K., Rodriguez-Cintron W., Saito S., Noda J., Hinojosa C. I., Levine S. M., Reyes L. F., Angel L. F., Whitlow K. S., Hipskind J., Sukhija K., Totten V., Wunderink R. G., Shah R. D., Mateyo K. J., Noriega L., Alvarado E., Aman M., Labra L., Marin-Corral, J, Pascual-Guardia, S, Amati, F, Aliberti, S, Masclans, J, Soni, N, Rodriguez, A, Sibila, O, Sanz, F, Sotgiu, G, Anzueto, A, Dimakou, K, Petrino, R, van de Garde, E, Restrepo, M, Aruj, P, Attorri, S, Barimboim, E, Caeiro, J, Garzon, M, Cambursano, V, Adrian Ceccato, V, Chertcoff, J, Lascar, F, Di Tulio, F, Diaz, A, de Vedia, L, Ganaha, M, Lambert, S, Lopardo, G, Luna, C, Malberti, A, Morcillo, N, Tartara, S, Pensotti, C, Pereyra, B, Scapellato, P, Stagnaro, J, Shah, S, Lotsch, F, Thalhammer, F, Anseeuw, K, Francois, C, Van Braeckel, E, Vincent, J, Djimon, M, Bashi, J, Dodo, R, Nouer, S, Chipev, P, Encheva, M, Miteva, D, Petkova, D, Balkissou, A, Pefura Yone, E, Mbatchou Ngahane, B, Shen, N, Xu, J, Bustamante Rico, C, Buitrago, R, Pereira Paternina, F, Kayembe Ntumba, J, Carevic, V, Jakopovic, M, Jankovic, M, Matkovic, Z, Mitrecic, I, Bouchy Jacobsson, M, Christensen, A, Heitmann Bodtger, U, Meyer, C, Jensen, A, Baunbaek-knudsen, G, Petersen, P, Andersen, S, El-Said Abd El-Wahhab, I, Morsy, N, Shafiek, H, Sobh, E, Abdulsemed, K, Bertrand, F, Brun-Buisson, C, de Montmollin, E, Fartoukh, M, Messika, J, Tattevin, P, Khoury, A, Ebruke, B, Dreher, M, Kolditz, M, Meisinger, M, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Rupp, J, Schaberg, T, Spielmanns, M, Creutz, P, Suttorp, N, Siaw-Lartey, B, Papapetrou, D, Tsigou, E, Ampazis, D, Kaimakamis, E, Bhatia, M, Dhar, R, D'Souza, G, Garg, R, Koul, P, Mahesh, P, Jayaraj, B, Narayan, K, Udnur, H, Krishnamurthy, S, Kant, S, Swarnakar, R, Limaye, S, Salvi, S, Golshani, K, Keatings, V, Martin-Loeches, I, Maor, Y, Strahilevitz, J, Faverio, P, Battaglia, S, Carrabba, M, Ceriana, P, Confalonieri, M, Monforte, A, Del Prato, B, De Rosa, M, Fantini, R, Fiorentino, G, Gammino, M, Menzella, F, Milani, G, Nava, S, Palmiero, G, Gabrielli, B, Rossi, P, Sorino, C, Steinhilber, G, Zanforlin, A, San Luca, O, Franzetti, F, Carugati, M, Morosi, M, Monge, E, Carone, M, Patella, V, Scarlata, S, Comel, A, Kurahashi, K, Bacha, Z, Ugalde, D, Zuniga, O, Villegas, J, Medenica, M, Mihsra, D, Shrestha, P, Ridgeon, E, Awokola, B, Adefuye Bolanle Olufunlola, O, Olumide, S, Ukwaja, K, Irfan, M, Minarowski, L, Szymon, S, Froes, F, Leuschner, P, Meireles, M, Ferrao, C, Neves, J, Abel, S, Ravara, S, Brocovschii, V, Rusu, D, Toma, C, Chirita, D, Dorobat, C, Birkun, A, Kaluzhenina, A, Almotairi, A, Ali Bukhary, Z, Edathodu, J, Fathy, A, Abdulaziz Enani, A, Mohamed, N, Memon, J, Bella, A, Bogdanovic, S, Milenkovic, B, Pesut, D, Borderias, L, Bordon Garcia, N, Alarcon, H, Cilloniz, C, Torres, A, Diaz-Brito, V, Casas, X, Gonzalez, A, Fernandez-Almira, M, Interna, M, Gallego, M, Gaspar-GarcIa, I, Gonzalez del Castillo, J, Victoria, P, Martinez, E, Malo de Molina, R, Marcos, P, Menendez, R, Pando-Sandoval, A, Aymerich, C, Lacoma de la Torre, A, Garcia-Olive, I, Rello, J, Moyano, S, Rodrigo-Troyano, A, Sole-Violan, J, Uranga, A, van Boven, J, Torra, E, Pujol, J, Feldman, C, Yum, H, Arnauld Attannon Fiogbe, I, Yangui, F, Bilaceroglu, S, Levent Dalar, I, Yilmaz, U, Bogomolov, A, Elahi, N, Dhasmana, D, Feneley, A, Hill, A, Rudran, B, Ruiz-Buitrago, S, Campbell, M, Whitaker, P, Youzguin, A, Singanayagam, A, Hancock, C, Villafuerte, D, Allen, K, Brito, V, Dietz, J, Dysart, C, Kellie, S, Ricardo, A, Meier, G, Gaga, M, Holland, T, Bergin, S, Kheir, F, Landmeier, M, Lois, M, Nair, G, Patel, H, Reyes, K, Rodriguez-Cintron, W, Saito, S, Noda, J, Hinojosa, C, Levine, S, Reyes, L, Angel, L, Whitlow, K, Hipskind, J, Sukhija, K, Totten, V, Wunderink, R, Shah, R, Mateyo, K, Noriega, L, Alvarado, E, Aman, M, Labra, L, Marin-Corral J., Pascual-Guardia S., Amati F., Aliberti S., Masclans J. R., Soni N., Rodriguez A., Sibila O., Sanz F., Sotgiu G., Anzueto A., Dimakou K., Petrino R., van de Garde E., Restrepo M. I., Aruj P. K., Attorri S., Barimboim E., Caeiro J. P., Garzon M. I., Cambursano V. H., Adrian Ceccato V. H. D. C. A., Chertcoff J., Lascar F., Di Tulio F., Diaz A. C., de Vedia L., Ganaha M. C., Lambert S., Lopardo G., Luna C. M., Malberti A. G., Morcillo N., Tartara S., Pensotti C., Pereyra B., Scapellato P. G., Stagnaro J. P., Shah S., Lotsch F., Thalhammer F., Anseeuw K., Francois C. A., Van Braeckel E., Vincent J. L., Djimon M. Z., Bashi J., Dodo R., Nouer S. A., Chipev P., Encheva M., Miteva D., Petkova D., Balkissou A. D., Pefura Yone E. W., Mbatchou Ngahane B. H., Shen N., Xu J. -F., Bustamante Rico C. A., Buitrago R., Pereira Paternina F. J., Kayembe Ntumba J. -M., Carevic V. V., Jakopovic M., Jankovic M., Matkovic Z., Mitrecic I., Bouchy Jacobsson M. -L., Christensen A. B., Heitmann Bodtger U. C., Meyer C. N., Jensen A. V., Baunbaek-knudsen G., Petersen P. T., Andersen S., El-Said Abd El-Wahhab I., Morsy N. E., Shafiek H., Sobh E., Abdulsemed K. A., Bertrand F., Brun-Buisson C., de Montmollin E., Fartoukh M., Messika J., Tattevin P., Khoury A., Ebruke B., Dreher M., Kolditz M., Meisinger M., Pletz M. W., Hagel S., Rupp J., Schaberg T., Spielmanns M., Creutz P., Suttorp N., Siaw-Lartey B., Papapetrou D., Tsigou E., Ampazis D., Kaimakamis E., Bhatia M., Dhar R., D'Souza G., Garg R., Koul P. A., Mahesh P. A., Jayaraj B. S., Narayan K. V., Udnur H. B., Krishnamurthy S. B., Kant S., Swarnakar R., Limaye S., Salvi S., Golshani K., Keatings V. M., Martin-Loeches I., Maor Y., Strahilevitz J., Faverio P., Battaglia S., Carrabba M., Ceriana P., Confalonieri M., Monforte A. D., Del Prato B., De Rosa M., Fantini R., Fiorentino G., Gammino M. A., Menzella F., Milani G., Nava S., Palmiero G., Gabrielli B., Rossi P., Sorino C., Steinhilber G., Zanforlin A., San Luca O., Franzetti F., Carugati M., Morosi M., Monge E., Carone M., Patella V., Scarlata S., Comel A., Kurahashi K., Bacha Z. A., Ugalde D. B., Zuniga O. C., Villegas J. F., Medenica M., Mihsra D. R., Shrestha P., Ridgeon E., Awokola B. I., Adefuye Bolanle Olufunlola O. N. O., Olumide S., Ukwaja K. N., Irfan M., Minarowski L., Szymon S., Froes F., Leuschner P., Meireles M., Ferrao C., Neves J., Abel Salazar, Ravara S. B., Brocovschii V., Rusu D., Toma C., Chirita D., Dorobat C. M., Birkun A., Kaluzhenina A., Almotairi A., Ali Bukhary Z. A., Edathodu J., Fathy A., Abdulaziz Enani A. M., Mohamed N. E., Memon J. U., Bella A., Bogdanovic S. N., Milenkovic B., Pesut D., Borderias L., Bordon Garcia N. M., Alarcon H. C., Cilloniz C., Torres A., Diaz-Brito V., Casas X., Gonzalez A. E., Fernandez-Almira M. L., Interna M., Gallego M., Gaspar-GarcIa I., Gonzalez del Castillo J., Victoria P. J., Martinez E. L., Malo de Molina R., Marcos P. J., Menendez R., Pando-Sandoval A., Aymerich C. P., Lacoma de la Torre A., Garcia-Olive I., Rello J., Moyano S., Rodrigo-Troyano A., Sole-Violan J., Uranga A., van Boven J. F., Torra E. V., Pujol J. A., Feldman C., Yum H. K., Arnauld Attannon Fiogbe I. U., Yangui F., Bilaceroglu S., Levent Dalar I. D., Yilmaz U., Bogomolov A., Elahi N., Dhasmana D. J., Feneley A., Hill A. T., Rudran B., Ruiz-Buitrago S., Campbell M., Whitaker P., Youzguin A., Singanayagam A., Hancock C., Villafuerte D., Allen K. S., Brito V., Dietz J., Dysart C. E., Kellie S. M., Ricardo A. Franco-Sadud C. J., Meier G., Gaga M., Holland T. L., Bergin S. P., Kheir F., Landmeier M., Lois M., Nair G. B., Patel H., Reyes K., Rodriguez-Cintron W., Saito S., Noda J., Hinojosa C. I., Levine S. M., Reyes L. F., Angel L. F., Whitlow K. S., Hipskind J., Sukhija K., Totten V., Wunderink R. G., Shah R. D., Mateyo K. J., Noriega L., Alvarado E., Aman M., and Labra L.

Abstract

Background: Aspiration community-acquired pneumonia (ACAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with aspiration risk factors (AspRFs) are infections associated with anaerobes, but limited evidence suggests their pathogenic role. Research Question: What are the aspiration risk factors, microbiology patterns, and empiric anti-anaerobic use in patients hospitalized with CAP? Study Design and Methods: This is a secondary analysis of GLIMP, an international, multicenter, point-prevalence study of adults hospitalized with CAP. Patients were stratified into three groups: (1) ACAP, (2) CAP/AspRF+ (CAP with AspRF), and (3) CAP/AspRF- (CAP without AspRF). Data on demographics, comorbidities, microbiological results, and anti-anaerobic antibiotics were analyzed in all groups. Patients were further stratified in severe and nonsevere CAP groups. Results: We enrolled 2,606 patients with CAP, of which 193 (7.4%) had ACAP. Risk factors independently associated with ACAP were male, bedridden, underweight, a nursing home resident, and having a history of stroke, dementia, mental illness, and enteral tube feeding. Among non-ACAP patients, 1,709 (70.8%) had CAP/AspRF+ and 704 (29.2%) had CAP/AspRF-. Microbiology patterns including anaerobes were similar between CAP/AspRF-, CAP/AspRF+ and ACAP (0.0% vs 1.03% vs 1.64%). Patients with severe ACAP had higher rates of total gram-negative bacteria (64.3% vs 44.3% vs 33.3%, P =.021) and lower rates of total gram-positive bacteria (7.1% vs 38.1% vs 50.0%, P <.001) when compared with patients with severe CAP/AspRF+ and severe CAP/AspRF-, respectively. Most patients (>50% in all groups) independent of AspRFs or ACAP received specific or broad-spectrum anti-anaerobic coverage antibiotics. Interpretation: Hospitalized patients with ACAP or CAP/AspRF+ had similar anaerobic flora compared with patients without aspiration risk factors. Gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent in patients with severe ACAP. Despite having similar

Published
2021

25. Prevalence and risk factors for Enterobacteriaceae in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia

Author

Villafuerte, D, Aliberti, S, Soni, N, Faverio, P, Marcos, P, Wunderink, R, Rodriguez, A, Sibila, O, Sanz, F, Martin-Loeches, I, Menzella, F, Reyes, L, Jankovic, M, Spielmanns, M, Restrepo, M, Aruj, P, Attorri, S, Barimboim, E, Caeiro, J, Garzon, M, Cambursano, V, Ceccato, A, Chertcoff, J, Cordon Diaz, A, de Vedia, L, Ganaha, M, Lambert, S, Lopardo, G, Luna, C, Malberti, A, Morcillo, N, Tartara, S, Pensotti, C, Pereyra, B, Scapellato, P, Stagnaro, J, Shah, S, Lotsch, F, Thalhammer, F, Anseeuw, K, Francois, C, Van Braeckel, E, Vincent, J, Djimon, M, Nouer, S, Chipev, P, Encheva, M, Miteva, D, Petkova, D, Balkissou, A, Yone, E, Ngahane, B, Shen, N, Xu, J, Rico, C, Buitrago, R, Paternina, F, Ntumba, J, Carevic, V, Jakopovic, M, Matkovic, Z, Mitrecic, I, Jacobsson, M, Christensen, A, Heitmann Bodtger, U, Meyer, C, Jensen, A, El-Said Abd El-Wahhab, I, Morsy, N, Shafiek, H, Sobh, E, Abdulsemed, K, Bertrand, F, Brun-Buisson, C, Montmollin, E, Fartoukh, M, Messika, J, Tattevin, P, Khoury, A, Ebruke, B, Dreher, M, Kolditz, M, Meisinger, M, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Rupp, J, Schaberg, T, Creutz, P, Suttorp, N, Siaw-Lartey, B, Dimakou, K, Papapetrou, D, Tsigou, E, Ampazis, D, Kaimakamis, E, Bhatia, M, Dhar, R, D'Souza, G, Garg, R, Koul, P, Mahesh, P, Jayaraj, B, Narayan, K, Udnur, H, Krishnamurthy, S, Kant, S, Swarnakar, R, Limaye, S, Salvi, S, Golshani, K, Keatings, V, Maor, Y, Strahilevitz, J, Battaglia, S, Carrabba, M, Ceriana, P, Confalonieri, M, Monforte, A, Prato, B, Rosa, M, Fantini, R, Fiorentino, G, Gammino, M, Milani, G, Nava, S, Palmiero, G, Petrino, R, Gabrielli, B, Rossi, P, Sorino, C, Steinhilber, G, Zanforlin, A, Franzetti, F, Carone, M, Patella, V, Scarlata, S, Comel, A, Kurahashi, K, Bacha, Z, Ugalde, D, Zuniga, O, Villegas, J, Medenica, M, van de Garde, E, Mihsra, D, Shrestha, P, Ridgeon, E, Awokola, B, Nwankwo, O, Olufunlola, A, Olumide, S, Ukwaja, K, Irfan, M, Minarowski, L, Szymon, S, Froes, F, Leuschner, P, Meireles, M, Ravara, S, Brocovschii, V, Ion, C, Rusu, D, Toma, C, Chirita, D, Dorobat, C, Birkun, A, Kaluzhenina, A, Almotairi, A, Bukhary, Z, Edathodu, J, Fathy, A, Enani, A, Mohamed, N, Memon, J, Bella, A, Bogdanovic, N, Milenkovic, B, Pesut, D, Borderias, L, Garcia, N, Cabello Alarcon, H, Cilloniz, C, Torres, A, Diaz-Brito, V, Casas, X, Gonzalez, A, Fernandez-Almira, M, Gallego, M, Gaspar-Garcia, I, Castillo, J, Victoria, P, Laserna Martinez, E, Molina, R, Menendez, R, Pando-Sandoval, A, Aymerich, C, Rello, J, Moyano, S, Rodrigo-Troyano, A, Sole-Violan, J, Uranga, A, van Boven, J, Torra, E, Pujol, J, Feldman, C, Yum, H, Fiogbe, A, Yangui, F, Bilaceroglu, S, Dalar, L, Yilmaz, U, Bogomolov, A, Elahi, N, Dhasmana, D, Feneley, A, Hancock, C, Hill, A, Rudran, B, Ruiz-Buitrago, S, Campbell, M, Whitaker, P, Youzguin, A, Singanayagam, A, Allen, K, Brito, V, Dietz, J, Dysart, C, Kellie, S, Franco-Sadud, R, Meier, G, Gaga, M, Holland, T, Bergin, S, Kheir, F, Landmeier, M, Lois, M, Nair, G, Patel, H, Reyes, K, Rodriguez-Cintron, W, Saito, S, Noda, J, Hinojosa, C, Levine, S, Angel, L, Anzueto, A, Whitlow, K, Hipskind, J, Sukhija, K, Totten, V, Shah, R, Mateyo, K, Noriega, L, Alvarado, E, Aman, M, Labra, L, Villafuerte D., Aliberti S., Soni N. J., Faverio P., Marcos P. J., Wunderink R. G., Rodriguez A., Sibila O., Sanz F., Martin-Loeches I., Menzella F., Reyes L. F., Jankovic M., Spielmanns M., Restrepo M. I., Aruj P. K., Attorri S., Barimboim E., Caeiro J. P., Garzon M. I., Cambursano V. H., Ceccato A., Chertcoff J., Cordon Diaz A., de Vedia L., Ganaha M. C., Lambert S., Lopardo G., Luna C. M., Malberti A. G., Morcillo N., Tartara S., Pensotti C., Pereyra B., Scapellato P. G., Stagnaro J. P., Shah S., Lotsch F., Thalhammer F., Anseeuw K., Francois C. A., Van Braeckel E., Vincent J. L., Djimon M. Z., Nouer S. A., Chipev P., Encheva M., Miteva D., Petkova D., Balkissou A. D., Yone E. W. P., Ngahane B. H. M., Shen N., Xu J. -F., Rico C. A. B., Buitrago R., Paternina F. J. P., Ntumba J. -M. K., Carevic V. V., Jakopovic M., Matkovic Z., Mitrecic I., Jacobsson M. -L. B., Christensen A. B., Heitmann Bodtger U. C., Meyer C. N., Jensen A. V., El-Said Abd El-Wahhab I., Morsy N. E., Shafiek H., Sobh E., Abdulsemed K. A., Bertrand F., Brun-Buisson C., Montmollin E. D., Fartoukh M., Messika J., Tattevin P., Khoury A., Ebruke B., Dreher M., Kolditz M., Meisinger M., Pletz M. W., Hagel S., Rupp J., Schaberg T., Creutz P., Suttorp N., Siaw-Lartey B., Dimakou K., Papapetrou D., Tsigou E., Ampazis D., Kaimakamis E., Bhatia M., Dhar R., D'Souza G., Garg R., Koul P. A., Mahesh P. A., Jayaraj B. S., Narayan K. V., Udnur H. B., Krishnamurthy S. B., Kant S., Swarnakar R., Limaye S., Salvi S., Golshani K., Keatings V. M., Maor Y., Strahilevitz J., Battaglia S., Carrabba M., Ceriana P., Confalonieri M., Monforte A. D., Prato B. D., Rosa M. D., Fantini R., Fiorentino G., Gammino M. A., Milani G., Nava S., Palmiero G., Petrino R., Gabrielli B., Rossi P., Sorino C., Steinhilber G., Zanforlin A., Franzetti F., Carone M., Patella V., Scarlata S., Comel A., Kurahashi K., Bacha Z. A., Ugalde D. B., Zuniga O. C., Villegas J. F., Medenica M., van de Garde E. M. W., Mihsra D. R., Shrestha P., Ridgeon E., Awokola B. I., Nwankwo O. N. O., Olufunlola A. B., Olumide S., Ukwaja K. N., Irfan M., Minarowski L., Szymon S., Froes F., Leuschner P., Meireles M., Ravara S. B., Brocovschii V., Ion C., Rusu D., Toma C., Chirita D., Dorobat C. M., Birkun A., Kaluzhenina A., Almotairi A., Bukhary Z. A. A., Edathodu J., Fathy A., Enani A. M. A., Mohamed N. E., Memon J. U., Bella A., Bogdanovic N., Milenkovic B., Pesut D., Borderias L., Garcia N. M. B., Cabello Alarcon H., Cilloniz C., Torres A., Diaz-Brito V., Casas X., Gonzalez A. E., Fernandez-Almira M. L., Gallego M., Gaspar-Garcia I., Castillo J. G. D., Victoria P. J., Laserna Martinez E., Molina R. M. D., Menendez R., Pando-Sandoval A., Aymerich C. P., Rello J., Moyano S., Rodrigo-Troyano A., Sole-Violan J., Uranga A., van Boven J. F. M., Torra E. V., Pujol J. A., Feldman C., Yum H. K., Fiogbe A. A., Yangui F., Bilaceroglu S., Dalar L., Yilmaz U., Bogomolov A., Elahi N., Dhasmana D. J., Feneley A., Hancock C., Hill A. T., Rudran B., Ruiz-Buitrago S., Campbell M., Whitaker P., Youzguin A., Singanayagam A., Allen K. S., Brito V., Dietz J., Dysart C. E., Kellie S. M., Franco-Sadud R. A., Meier G., Gaga M., Holland T. L., Bergin S. P., Kheir F., Landmeier M., Lois M., Nair G. B., Patel H., Reyes K., Rodriguez-Cintron W., Saito S., Noda J., Hinojosa C. I., Levine S. M., Angel L. F., Anzueto A., Whitlow K. S., Hipskind J., Sukhija K., Totten V., Shah R. D., Mateyo K. J., Noriega L., Alvarado E., Aman M., Labra L., Villafuerte, D, Aliberti, S, Soni, N, Faverio, P, Marcos, P, Wunderink, R, Rodriguez, A, Sibila, O, Sanz, F, Martin-Loeches, I, Menzella, F, Reyes, L, Jankovic, M, Spielmanns, M, Restrepo, M, Aruj, P, Attorri, S, Barimboim, E, Caeiro, J, Garzon, M, Cambursano, V, Ceccato, A, Chertcoff, J, Cordon Diaz, A, de Vedia, L, Ganaha, M, Lambert, S, Lopardo, G, Luna, C, Malberti, A, Morcillo, N, Tartara, S, Pensotti, C, Pereyra, B, Scapellato, P, Stagnaro, J, Shah, S, Lotsch, F, Thalhammer, F, Anseeuw, K, Francois, C, Van Braeckel, E, Vincent, J, Djimon, M, Nouer, S, Chipev, P, Encheva, M, Miteva, D, Petkova, D, Balkissou, A, Yone, E, Ngahane, B, Shen, N, Xu, J, Rico, C, Buitrago, R, Paternina, F, Ntumba, J, Carevic, V, Jakopovic, M, Matkovic, Z, Mitrecic, I, Jacobsson, M, Christensen, A, Heitmann Bodtger, U, Meyer, C, Jensen, A, El-Said Abd El-Wahhab, I, Morsy, N, Shafiek, H, Sobh, E, Abdulsemed, K, Bertrand, F, Brun-Buisson, C, Montmollin, E, Fartoukh, M, Messika, J, Tattevin, P, Khoury, A, Ebruke, B, Dreher, M, Kolditz, M, Meisinger, M, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Rupp, J, Schaberg, T, Creutz, P, Suttorp, N, Siaw-Lartey, B, Dimakou, K, Papapetrou, D, Tsigou, E, Ampazis, D, Kaimakamis, E, Bhatia, M, Dhar, R, D'Souza, G, Garg, R, Koul, P, Mahesh, P, Jayaraj, B, Narayan, K, Udnur, H, Krishnamurthy, S, Kant, S, Swarnakar, R, Limaye, S, Salvi, S, Golshani, K, Keatings, V, Maor, Y, Strahilevitz, J, Battaglia, S, Carrabba, M, Ceriana, P, Confalonieri, M, Monforte, A, Prato, B, Rosa, M, Fantini, R, Fiorentino, G, Gammino, M, Milani, G, Nava, S, Palmiero, G, Petrino, R, Gabrielli, B, Rossi, P, Sorino, C, Steinhilber, G, Zanforlin, A, Franzetti, F, Carone, M, Patella, V, Scarlata, S, Comel, A, Kurahashi, K, Bacha, Z, Ugalde, D, Zuniga, O, Villegas, J, Medenica, M, van de Garde, E, Mihsra, D, Shrestha, P, Ridgeon, E, Awokola, B, Nwankwo, O, Olufunlola, A, Olumide, S, Ukwaja, K, Irfan, M, Minarowski, L, Szymon, S, Froes, F, Leuschner, P, Meireles, M, Ravara, S, Brocovschii, V, Ion, C, Rusu, D, Toma, C, Chirita, D, Dorobat, C, Birkun, A, Kaluzhenina, A, Almotairi, A, Bukhary, Z, Edathodu, J, Fathy, A, Enani, A, Mohamed, N, Memon, J, Bella, A, Bogdanovic, N, Milenkovic, B, Pesut, D, Borderias, L, Garcia, N, Cabello Alarcon, H, Cilloniz, C, Torres, A, Diaz-Brito, V, Casas, X, Gonzalez, A, Fernandez-Almira, M, Gallego, M, Gaspar-Garcia, I, Castillo, J, Victoria, P, Laserna Martinez, E, Molina, R, Menendez, R, Pando-Sandoval, A, Aymerich, C, Rello, J, Moyano, S, Rodrigo-Troyano, A, Sole-Violan, J, Uranga, A, van Boven, J, Torra, E, Pujol, J, Feldman, C, Yum, H, Fiogbe, A, Yangui, F, Bilaceroglu, S, Dalar, L, Yilmaz, U, Bogomolov, A, Elahi, N, Dhasmana, D, Feneley, A, Hancock, C, Hill, A, Rudran, B, Ruiz-Buitrago, S, Campbell, M, Whitaker, P, Youzguin, A, Singanayagam, A, Allen, K, Brito, V, Dietz, J, Dysart, C, Kellie, S, Franco-Sadud, R, Meier, G, Gaga, M, Holland, T, Bergin, S, Kheir, F, Landmeier, M, Lois, M, Nair, G, Patel, H, Reyes, K, Rodriguez-Cintron, W, Saito, S, Noda, J, Hinojosa, C, Levine, S, Angel, L, Anzueto, A, Whitlow, K, Hipskind, J, Sukhija, K, Totten, V, Shah, R, Mateyo, K, Noriega, L, Alvarado, E, Aman, M, Labra, L, Villafuerte D., Aliberti S., Soni N. J., Faverio P., Marcos P. J., Wunderink R. G., Rodriguez A., Sibila O., Sanz F., Martin-Loeches I., Menzella F., Reyes L. F., Jankovic M., Spielmanns M., Restrepo M. I., Aruj P. K., Attorri S., Barimboim E., Caeiro J. P., Garzon M. I., Cambursano V. H., Ceccato A., Chertcoff J., Cordon Diaz A., de Vedia L., Ganaha M. C., Lambert S., Lopardo G., Luna C. M., Malberti A. G., Morcillo N., Tartara S., Pensotti C., Pereyra B., Scapellato P. G., Stagnaro J. P., Shah S., Lotsch F., Thalhammer F., Anseeuw K., Francois C. A., Van Braeckel E., Vincent J. L., Djimon M. Z., Nouer S. A., Chipev P., Encheva M., Miteva D., Petkova D., Balkissou A. D., Yone E. W. P., Ngahane B. H. M., Shen N., Xu J. -F., Rico C. A. B., Buitrago R., Paternina F. J. P., Ntumba J. -M. K., Carevic V. V., Jakopovic M., Matkovic Z., Mitrecic I., Jacobsson M. -L. B., Christensen A. B., Heitmann Bodtger U. C., Meyer C. N., Jensen A. V., El-Said Abd El-Wahhab I., Morsy N. E., Shafiek H., Sobh E., Abdulsemed K. A., Bertrand F., Brun-Buisson C., Montmollin E. D., Fartoukh M., Messika J., Tattevin P., Khoury A., Ebruke B., Dreher M., Kolditz M., Meisinger M., Pletz M. W., Hagel S., Rupp J., Schaberg T., Creutz P., Suttorp N., Siaw-Lartey B., Dimakou K., Papapetrou D., Tsigou E., Ampazis D., Kaimakamis E., Bhatia M., Dhar R., D'Souza G., Garg R., Koul P. A., Mahesh P. A., Jayaraj B. S., Narayan K. V., Udnur H. B., Krishnamurthy S. B., Kant S., Swarnakar R., Limaye S., Salvi S., Golshani K., Keatings V. M., Maor Y., Strahilevitz J., Battaglia S., Carrabba M., Ceriana P., Confalonieri M., Monforte A. D., Prato B. D., Rosa M. D., Fantini R., Fiorentino G., Gammino M. A., Milani G., Nava S., Palmiero G., Petrino R., Gabrielli B., Rossi P., Sorino C., Steinhilber G., Zanforlin A., Franzetti F., Carone M., Patella V., Scarlata S., Comel A., Kurahashi K., Bacha Z. A., Ugalde D. B., Zuniga O. C., Villegas J. F., Medenica M., van de Garde E. M. W., Mihsra D. R., Shrestha P., Ridgeon E., Awokola B. I., Nwankwo O. N. O., Olufunlola A. B., Olumide S., Ukwaja K. N., Irfan M., Minarowski L., Szymon S., Froes F., Leuschner P., Meireles M., Ravara S. B., Brocovschii V., Ion C., Rusu D., Toma C., Chirita D., Dorobat C. M., Birkun A., Kaluzhenina A., Almotairi A., Bukhary Z. A. A., Edathodu J., Fathy A., Enani A. M. A., Mohamed N. E., Memon J. U., Bella A., Bogdanovic N., Milenkovic B., Pesut D., Borderias L., Garcia N. M. B., Cabello Alarcon H., Cilloniz C., Torres A., Diaz-Brito V., Casas X., Gonzalez A. E., Fernandez-Almira M. L., Gallego M., Gaspar-Garcia I., Castillo J. G. D., Victoria P. J., Laserna Martinez E., Molina R. M. D., Menendez R., Pando-Sandoval A., Aymerich C. P., Rello J., Moyano S., Rodrigo-Troyano A., Sole-Violan J., Uranga A., van Boven J. F. M., Torra E. V., Pujol J. A., Feldman C., Yum H. K., Fiogbe A. A., Yangui F., Bilaceroglu S., Dalar L., Yilmaz U., Bogomolov A., Elahi N., Dhasmana D. J., Feneley A., Hancock C., Hill A. T., Rudran B., Ruiz-Buitrago S., Campbell M., Whitaker P., Youzguin A., Singanayagam A., Allen K. S., Brito V., Dietz J., Dysart C. E., Kellie S. M., Franco-Sadud R. A., Meier G., Gaga M., Holland T. L., Bergin S. P., Kheir F., Landmeier M., Lois M., Nair G. B., Patel H., Reyes K., Rodriguez-Cintron W., Saito S., Noda J., Hinojosa C. I., Levine S. M., Angel L. F., Anzueto A., Whitlow K. S., Hipskind J., Sukhija K., Totten V., Shah R. D., Mateyo K. J., Noriega L., Alvarado E., Aman M., and Labra L.

Abstract

Background and objective: Enterobacteriaceae (EB) spp. family is known to include potentially multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms, and remains as an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) associated with high mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and specific risk factors associated with EB and MDR-EB in a cohort of hospitalized adults with CAP. Methods: We performed a multinational, point-prevalence study of adult patients hospitalized with CAP. MDR-EB was defined when ≥3 antimicrobial classes were identified as non-susceptible. Risk factors assessment was also performed for patients with EB and MDR-EB infection. Results: Of the 3193 patients enrolled with CAP, 197 (6%) had a positive culture with EB. Fifty-one percent (n = 100) of EB were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 19% (n = 38) had MDR-EB. The most commonly EB identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 111, 56%) and Escherichia coli (n = 56, 28%). The risk factors that were independently associated with EB CAP were male gender, severe CAP, underweight (body mass index (BMI) < 18.5) and prior extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) infection. Additionally, prior ESBL infection, being underweight, cardiovascular diseases and hospitalization in the last 12 months were independently associated with MDR-EB CAP. Conclusion: This study of adults hospitalized with CAP found a prevalence of EB of 6% and MDR-EB of 1.2%, respectively. The presence of specific risk factors, such as prior ESBL infection and being underweight, should raise the clinical suspicion for EB and MDR-EB in patients hospitalized with CAP.

Published
2020

27. Prevalence and risk factors for Enterobacteriaceae in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia

Author

Villafuerte D., Aliberti S., Soni N. J., Faverio P., Marcos P. J., Wunderink R. G., Rodriguez A., Sibila O., Sanz F., Martin-Loeches I., Menzella F., Reyes L. F., Jankovic M., Spielmanns M., Restrepo M. I., Aruj P. K., Attorri S., Barimboim E., Caeiro J. P., Garzon M. I., Cambursano V. H., Ceccato A., Chertcoff J., Cordon Diaz A., de Vedia L., Ganaha M. C., Lambert S., Lopardo G., Luna C. M., Malberti A. G., Morcillo N., Tartara S., Pensotti C., Pereyra B., Scapellato P. G., Stagnaro J. P., Shah S., Lotsch F., Thalhammer F., Anseeuw K., Francois C. A., Van Braeckel E., Vincent J. L., Djimon M. Z., Nouer S. A., Chipev P., Encheva M., Miteva D., Petkova D., Balkissou A. D., Yone E. W. P., Ngahane B. H. M., Shen N., Xu J. -F., Rico C. A. B., Buitrago R., Paternina F. J. P., Ntumba J. -M. K., Carevic V. V., Jakopovic M., Matkovic Z., Mitrecic I., Jacobsson M. -L. B., Christensen A. B., Heitmann Bodtger U. C., Meyer C. N., Jensen A. V., El-Said Abd El-Wahhab I., Morsy N. E., Shafiek H., Sobh E., Abdulsemed K. A., Bertrand F., Brun-Buisson C., Montmollin E. D., Fartoukh M., Messika J., Tattevin P., Khoury A., Ebruke B., Dreher M., Kolditz M., Meisinger M., Pletz M. W., Hagel S., Rupp J., Schaberg T., Creutz P., Suttorp N., Siaw-Lartey B., Dimakou K., Papapetrou D., Tsigou E., Ampazis D., Kaimakamis E., Bhatia M., Dhar R., D'Souza G., Garg R., Koul P. A., Mahesh P. A., Jayaraj B. S., Narayan K. V., Udnur H. B., Krishnamurthy S. B., Kant S., Swarnakar R., Limaye S., Salvi S., Golshani K., Keatings V. M., Maor Y., Strahilevitz J., Battaglia S., Carrabba M., Ceriana P., Confalonieri M., Monforte A. D., Prato B. D., Rosa M. D., Fantini R., Fiorentino G., Gammino M. A., Milani G., Nava S., Palmiero G., Petrino R., Gabrielli B., Rossi P., Sorino C., Steinhilber G., Zanforlin A., Franzetti F., Carone M., Patella V., Scarlata S., Comel A., Kurahashi K., Bacha Z. A., Ugalde D. B., Zuniga O. C., Villegas J. F., Medenica M., van de Garde E. M. W., Mihsra D. R., Shrestha P., Ridgeon E., Awokola B. I., Nwankwo O. N. O., Olufunlola A. B., Olumide S., Ukwaja K. N., Irfan M., Minarowski L., Szymon S., Froes F., Leuschner P., Meireles M., Ravara S. B., Brocovschii V., Ion C., Rusu D., Toma C., Chirita D., Dorobat C. M., Birkun A., Kaluzhenina A., Almotairi A., Bukhary Z. A. A., Edathodu J., Fathy A., Enani A. M. A., Mohamed N. E., Memon J. U., Bella A., Bogdanovic N., Milenkovic B., Pesut D., Borderias L., Garcia N. M. B., Cabello Alarcon H., Cilloniz C., Torres A., Diaz-Brito V., Casas X., Gonzalez A. E., Fernandez-Almira M. L., Gallego M., Gaspar-Garcia I., Castillo J. G. D., Victoria P. J., Laserna Martinez E., Molina R. M. D., Menendez R., Pando-Sandoval A., Aymerich C. P., Rello J., Moyano S., Rodrigo-Troyano A., Sole-Violan J., Uranga A., van Boven J. F. M., Torra E. V., Pujol J. A., Feldman C., Yum H. K., Fiogbe A. A., Yangui F., Bilaceroglu S., Dalar L., Yilmaz U., Bogomolov A., Elahi N., Dhasmana D. J., Feneley A., Hancock C., Hill A. T., Rudran B., Ruiz-Buitrago S., Campbell M., Whitaker P., Youzguin A., Singanayagam A., Allen K. S., Brito V., Dietz J., Dysart C. E., Kellie S. M., Franco-Sadud R. A., Meier G., Gaga M., Holland T. L., Bergin S. P., Kheir F., Landmeier M., Lois M., Nair G. B., Patel H., Reyes K., Rodriguez-Cintron W., Saito S., Noda J., Hinojosa C. I., Levine S. M., Angel L. F., Anzueto A., Whitlow K. S., Hipskind J., Sukhija K., Totten V., Shah R. D., Mateyo K. J., Noriega L., Alvarado E., Aman M., Labra L., Villafuerte, D, Aliberti, S, Soni, N, Faverio, P, Marcos, P, Wunderink, R, Rodriguez, A, Sibila, O, Sanz, F, Martin-Loeches, I, Menzella, F, Reyes, L, Jankovic, M, Spielmanns, M, Restrepo, M, Aruj, P, Attorri, S, Barimboim, E, Caeiro, J, Garzon, M, Cambursano, V, Ceccato, A, Chertcoff, J, Cordon Diaz, A, de Vedia, L, Ganaha, M, Lambert, S, Lopardo, G, Luna, C, Malberti, A, Morcillo, N, Tartara, S, Pensotti, C, Pereyra, B, Scapellato, P, Stagnaro, J, Shah, S, Lotsch, F, Thalhammer, F, Anseeuw, K, Francois, C, Van Braeckel, E, Vincent, J, Djimon, M, Nouer, S, Chipev, P, Encheva, M, Miteva, D, Petkova, D, Balkissou, A, Yone, E, Ngahane, B, Shen, N, Xu, J, Rico, C, Buitrago, R, Paternina, F, Ntumba, J, Carevic, V, Jakopovic, M, Matkovic, Z, Mitrecic, I, Jacobsson, M, Christensen, A, Heitmann Bodtger, U, Meyer, C, Jensen, A, El-Said Abd El-Wahhab, I, Morsy, N, Shafiek, H, Sobh, E, Abdulsemed, K, Bertrand, F, Brun-Buisson, C, Montmollin, E, Fartoukh, M, Messika, J, Tattevin, P, Khoury, A, Ebruke, B, Dreher, M, Kolditz, M, Meisinger, M, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Rupp, J, Schaberg, T, Creutz, P, Suttorp, N, Siaw-Lartey, B, Dimakou, K, Papapetrou, D, Tsigou, E, Ampazis, D, Kaimakamis, E, Bhatia, M, Dhar, R, D'Souza, G, Garg, R, Koul, P, Mahesh, P, Jayaraj, B, Narayan, K, Udnur, H, Krishnamurthy, S, Kant, S, Swarnakar, R, Limaye, S, Salvi, S, Golshani, K, Keatings, V, Maor, Y, Strahilevitz, J, Battaglia, S, Carrabba, M, Ceriana, P, Confalonieri, M, Monforte, A, Prato, B, Rosa, M, Fantini, R, Fiorentino, G, Gammino, M, Milani, G, Nava, S, Palmiero, G, Petrino, R, Gabrielli, B, Rossi, P, Sorino, C, Steinhilber, G, Zanforlin, A, Franzetti, F, Carone, M, Patella, V, Scarlata, S, Comel, A, Kurahashi, K, Bacha, Z, Ugalde, D, Zuniga, O, Villegas, J, Medenica, M, van de Garde, E, Mihsra, D, Shrestha, P, Ridgeon, E, Awokola, B, Nwankwo, O, Olufunlola, A, Olumide, S, Ukwaja, K, Irfan, M, Minarowski, L, Szymon, S, Froes, F, Leuschner, P, Meireles, M, Ravara, S, Brocovschii, V, Ion, C, Rusu, D, Toma, C, Chirita, D, Dorobat, C, Birkun, A, Kaluzhenina, A, Almotairi, A, Bukhary, Z, Edathodu, J, Fathy, A, Enani, A, Mohamed, N, Memon, J, Bella, A, Bogdanovic, N, Milenkovic, B, Pesut, D, Borderias, L, Garcia, N, Cabello Alarcon, H, Cilloniz, C, Torres, A, Diaz-Brito, V, Casas, X, Gonzalez, A, Fernandez-Almira, M, Gallego, M, Gaspar-Garcia, I, Castillo, J, Victoria, P, Laserna Martinez, E, Molina, R, Menendez, R, Pando-Sandoval, A, Aymerich, C, Rello, J, Moyano, S, Rodrigo-Troyano, A, Sole-Violan, J, Uranga, A, van Boven, J, Torra, E, Pujol, J, Feldman, C, Yum, H, Fiogbe, A, Yangui, F, Bilaceroglu, S, Dalar, L, Yilmaz, U, Bogomolov, A, Elahi, N, Dhasmana, D, Feneley, A, Hancock, C, Hill, A, Rudran, B, Ruiz-Buitrago, S, Campbell, M, Whitaker, P, Youzguin, A, Singanayagam, A, Allen, K, Brito, V, Dietz, J, Dysart, C, Kellie, S, Franco-Sadud, R, Meier, G, Gaga, M, Holland, T, Bergin, S, Kheir, F, Landmeier, M, Lois, M, Nair, G, Patel, H, Reyes, K, Rodriguez-Cintron, W, Saito, S, Noda, J, Hinojosa, C, Levine, S, Angel, L, Anzueto, A, Whitlow, K, Hipskind, J, Sukhija, K, Totten, V, Shah, R, Mateyo, K, Noriega, L, Alvarado, E, Aman, M, Labra, L, University of St Andrews. Infection Group, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, University of St Andrews. Infection and Global Health Division, Villafuerte D., Aliberti S., Soni N.J., Faverio P., Marcos P.J., Wunderink R.G., Rodriguez A., Sibila O., Sanz F., Martin-Loeches I., Menzella F., Reyes L.F., Jankovic M., Spielmanns M., Restrepo M.I., Aruj P.K., Attorri S., Barimboim E., Caeiro J.P., Garzon M.I., Cambursano V.H., Ceccato A., Chertcoff J., Cordon Diaz A., de Vedia L., Ganaha M.C., Lambert S., Lopardo G., Luna C.M., Malberti A.G., Morcillo N., Tartara S., Pensotti C., Pereyra B., Scapellato P.G., Stagnaro J.P., Shah S., Lotsch F., Thalhammer F., Anseeuw K., Francois C.A., Van Braeckel E., Vincent J.L., Djimon M.Z., Nouer S.A., Chipev P., Encheva M., Miteva D., Petkova D., Balkissou A.D., Yone E.W.P., Ngahane B.H.M., Shen N., Xu J.-F., Rico C.A.B., Buitrago R., Paternina F.J.P., Ntumba J.-M.K., Carevic V.V., Jakopovic M., Matkovic Z., Mitrecic I., Jacobsson M.-L.B., Christensen A.B., Heitmann Bodtger U.C., Meyer C.N., Jensen A.V., El-Said Abd El-Wahhab I., Morsy N.E., Shafiek H., Sobh E., Abdulsemed K.A., Bertrand F., Brun-Buisson C., Montmollin E.D., Fartoukh M., Messika J., Tattevin P., Khoury A., Ebruke B., Dreher M., Kolditz M., Meisinger M., Pletz M.W., Hagel S., Rupp J., Schaberg T., Creutz P., Suttorp N., Siaw-Lartey B., Dimakou K., Papapetrou D., Tsigou E., Ampazis D., Kaimakamis E., Bhatia M., Dhar R., D'Souza G., Garg R., Koul P.A., Mahesh P.A., Jayaraj B.S., Narayan K.V., Udnur H.B., Krishnamurthy S.B., Kant S., Swarnakar R., Limaye S., Salvi S., Golshani K., Keatings V.M., Maor Y., Strahilevitz J., Battaglia S., Carrabba M., Ceriana P., Confalonieri M., Monforte A.D., Prato B.D., Rosa M.D., Fantini R., Fiorentino G., Gammino M.A., Milani G., Nava S., Palmiero G., Petrino R., Gabrielli B., Rossi P., Sorino C., Steinhilber G., Zanforlin A., Franzetti F., Carone M., Patella V., Scarlata S., Comel A., Kurahashi K., Bacha Z.A., Ugalde D.B., Zuniga O.C., Villegas J.F., Medenica M., van de Garde E.M.W., Mihsra D.R., Shrestha P., Ridgeon E., Awokola B.I., Nwankwo O.N.O., Olufunlola A.B., Olumide S., Ukwaja K.N., Irfan M., Minarowski L., Szymon S., Froes F., Leuschner P., Meireles M., Ravara S.B., Brocovschii V., Ion C., Rusu D., Toma C., Chirita D., Dorobat C.M., Birkun A., Kaluzhenina A., Almotairi A., Bukhary Z.A.A., Edathodu J., Fathy A., Enani A.M.A., Mohamed N.E., Memon J.U., Bella A., Bogdanovic N., Milenkovic B., Pesut D., Borderias L., Garcia N.M.B., Cabello Alarcon H., Cilloniz C., Torres A., Diaz-Brito V., Casas X., Gonzalez A.E., Fernandez-Almira M.L., Gallego M., Gaspar-Garcia I., Castillo J.G.D., Victoria P.J., Laserna Martinez E., Molina R.M.D., Menendez R., Pando-Sandoval A., Aymerich C.P., Rello J., Moyano S., Rodrigo-Troyano A., Sole-Violan J., Uranga A., van Boven J.F.M., Torra E.V., Pujol J.A., Feldman C., Yum H.K., Fiogbe A.A., Yangui F., Bilaceroglu S., Dalar L., Yilmaz U., Bogomolov A., Elahi N., Dhasmana D.J., Feneley A., Hancock C., Hill A.T., Rudran B., Ruiz-Buitrago S., Campbell M., Whitaker P., Youzguin A., Singanayagam A., Allen K.S., Brito V., Dietz J., Dysart C.E., Kellie S.M., Franco-Sadud R.A., Meier G., Gaga M., Holland T.L., Bergin S.P., Kheir F., Landmeier M., Lois M., Nair G.B., Patel H., Reyes K., Rodriguez-Cintron W., Saito S., Noda J., Hinojosa C.I., Levine S.M., Angel L.F., Anzueto A., Whitlow K.S., Hipskind J., Sukhija K., Totten V., Shah R.D., Mateyo K.J., Noriega L., Alvarado E., Aman M., Labra L., Villafuerte, D., Aliberti, S., Soni, N. J., Faverio, P., Marcos, P. J., Wunderink, R. G., Rodriguez, A., Sibila, O., Sanz, F., Martin-Loeches, I., Menzella, F., Reyes, L. F., Jankovic, M., Spielmanns, M., Restrepo, M. I., Aruj, P. K., Attorri, S., Barimboim, E., Caeiro, J. P., Garzon, M. I., Cambursano, V. H., Ceccato, A., Chertcoff, J., Cordon Diaz, A., de Vedia, L., Ganaha, M. C., Lambert, S., Lopardo, G., Luna, C. M., Malberti, A. G., Morcillo, N., Tartara, S., Pensotti, C., Pereyra, B., Scapellato, P. G., Stagnaro, J. P., Shah, S., Lotsch, F., Thalhammer, F., Anseeuw, K., Francois, C. A., Van Braeckel, E., Vincent, J. L., Djimon, M. Z., Nouer, S. A., Chipev, P., Encheva, M., Miteva, D., Petkova, D., Balkissou, A. D., Yone, E. W. P., Ngahane, B. H. M., Shen, N., Xu, J. -F., Rico, C. A. B., Buitrago, R., Paternina, F. J. P., Ntumba, J. -M. K., Carevic, V. V., Jakopovic, M., Matkovic, Z., Mitrecic, I., Jacobsson, M. -L. B., Christensen, A. B., Heitmann Bodtger, U. C., Meyer, C. N., Jensen, A. V., El-Said Abd El-Wahhab, I., Morsy, N. E., Shafiek, H., Sobh, E., Abdulsemed, K. A., Bertrand, F., Brun-Buisson, C., Montmollin, E. D., Fartoukh, M., Messika, J., Tattevin, P., Khoury, A., Ebruke, B., Dreher, M., Kolditz, M., Meisinger, M., Pletz, M. W., Hagel, S., Rupp, J., Schaberg, T., Creutz, P., Suttorp, N., Siaw-Lartey, B., Dimakou, K., Papapetrou, D., Tsigou, E., Ampazis, D., Kaimakamis, E., Bhatia, M., Dhar, R., D'Souza, G., Garg, R., Koul, P. A., Mahesh, P. A., Jayaraj, B. S., Narayan, K. V., Udnur, H. B., Krishnamurthy, S. B., Kant, S., Swarnakar, R., Limaye, S., Salvi, S., Golshani, K., Keatings, V. M., Maor, Y., Strahilevitz, J., Battaglia, S., Carrabba, M., Ceriana, P., Confalonieri, M., Monforte, A. D., Prato, B. D., Rosa, M. D., Fantini, R., Fiorentino, G., Gammino, M. A., Milani, G., Nava, S., Palmiero, G., Petrino, R., Gabrielli, B., Rossi, P., Sorino, C., Steinhilber, G., Zanforlin, A., Franzetti, F., Carone, M., Patella, V., Scarlata, S., Comel, A., Kurahashi, K., Bacha, Z. A., Ugalde, D. B., Zuniga, O. C., Villegas, J. F., Medenica, M., van de Garde, E. M. W., Mihsra, D. R., Shrestha, P., Ridgeon, E., Awokola, B. I., Nwankwo, O. N. O., Olufunlola, A. B., Olumide, S., Ukwaja, K. N., Irfan, M., Minarowski, L., Szymon, S., Froes, F., Leuschner, P., Meireles, M., Ravara, S. B., Brocovschii, V., Ion, C., Rusu, D., Toma, C., Chirita, D., Dorobat, C. M., Birkun, A., Kaluzhenina, A., Almotairi, A., Bukhary, Z. A. A., Edathodu, J., Fathy, A., Enani, A. M. A., Mohamed, N. E., Memon, J. U., Bella, A., Bogdanovic, N., Milenkovic, B., Pesut, D., Borderias, L., Garcia, N. M. B., Cabello Alarcon, H., Cilloniz, C., Torres, A., Diaz-Brito, V., Casas, X., Gonzalez, A. E., Fernandez-Almira, M. L., Gallego, M., Gaspar-Garcia, I., Castillo, J. G. D., Victoria, P. J., Laserna Martinez, E., Molina, R. M. D., Menendez, R., Pando-Sandoval, A., Aymerich, C. P., Rello, J., Moyano, S., Rodrigo-Troyano, A., Sole-Violan, J., Uranga, A., van Boven, J. F. M., Torra, E. V., Pujol, J. A., Feldman, C., Yum, H. K., Fiogbe, A. A., Yangui, F., Bilaceroglu, S., Dalar, L., Yilmaz, U., Bogomolov, A., Elahi, N., Dhasmana, D. J., Feneley, A., Hancock, C., Hill, A. T., Rudran, B., Ruiz-Buitrago, S., Campbell, M., Whitaker, P., Youzguin, A., Singanayagam, A., Allen, K. S., Brito, V., Dietz, J., Dysart, C. E., Kellie, S. M., Franco-Sadud, R. A., Meier, G., Gaga, M., Holland, T. L., Bergin, S. P., Kheir, F., Landmeier, M., Lois, M., Nair, G. B., Patel, H., Reyes, K., Rodriguez-Cintron, W., Saito, S., Noda, J., Hinojosa, C. I., Levine, S. M., Angel, L. F., Anzueto, A., Whitlow, K. S., Hipskind, J., Sukhija, K., Totten, V., Shah, R. D., Mateyo, K. J., Noriega, L., Alvarado, E., Aman, M., and Labra, L.

Subjects
Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, community-acquired pneumonia, Community-acquired pneumonia, Enterobacteriaceae, multidrug-resistance, prevalence, risk factors, International Cooperation, Multidrug-resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio, Research initiative, E-NDAS, Cohort Studies, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, In patient, Risk factor, Veterans Affairs, health care economics and organizations, Aged, business.industry, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, QR Microbiology, medicine.disease, Drug Resistance, Multiple, humanities, Quality enhancement, QR, Community-Acquired Infections, Hospitalization, Risk factors, risk factor, Family medicine, Female, business, Risk assessment, Cohort study
Abstract

N.J.S. is partially funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) Partnered Evaluation Initiative Grant (HX002263-01A1). Background and objective : Enterobacteriaceae (EB) spp. family is known to include potentially multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms, and remains as an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) associated with high mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and specific risk factors associated with EB and MDR-EB in a cohort of hospitalized adults with CAP. Methods : We performed a multinational, point-prevalence study of adult patients hospitalized with CAP. MDR-EB was defined when ≥3 antimicrobial classes were identified as non-susceptible. Risk factors assessment was also performed for patients with EB and MDR-EB infection. Results : Of the 3193 patients enrolled with CAP, 197 (6%) had a positive culture with EB. Fifty-one percent (n = 100) of EB were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 19% (n = 38) had MDR-EB. The most commonly EB identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 111, 56%) and Escherichia coli (n = 56, 28%). The risk factors that were independently associated with EB CAP were male gender, severe CAP, underweight (body mass index (BMI)

Published
2020

28. Genome-wide association studies dissect the G × E interaction for agronomic traits in a worldwide collection of safflowers (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Author

Zhao, H, Savin, KW, Li, Y, Breen, EJ, Maharjan, P, Tibbits, JF, Kant, S, Hayden, MJ, Daetwyler, HD, Zhao, H, Savin, KW, Li, Y, Breen, EJ, Maharjan, P, Tibbits, JF, Kant, S, Hayden, MJ, and Daetwyler, HD

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies were conducted using a globally diverse safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genebank collection for grain yield (YP), days to flowering (DF), plant height (PH), 500 seed weight (SW), seed oil content (OL), and crude protein content (PR) in four environments (sites) that differed in water availability. Phenotypic variation was observed for all traits. YP exhibited low overall genetic correlations (rGoverall) across sites, while SW and OL had high rGoverall and high pairwise genetic correlations (rGij) across all pairwise sites. In total, 92 marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified using three methods, single locus genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a mixed linear model (MLM), the Bayesian multi-locus method (BayesR), and meta-GWAS. MTAs with large effects across all sites were detected for OL, SW, and PR, and MTAs specific for the different water stress sites were identified for all traits. Five MTAs were associated with multiple traits; 4 of 5 MTAs were variously associated with the three traits of SW, OL, and PR. This study provided insights into the phenotypic variability and genetic architecture of important safflower agronomic traits under different environments.

Published
2022

29. Automated hyperspectral vegetation index derivation using a hyperparameter optimisation framework for high-throughput plant phenotyping.

Author

Koh, JCO, Banerjee, BP, Spangenberg, G, Kant, S, Koh, JCO, Banerjee, BP, Spangenberg, G, and Kant, S

Abstract

Hyperspectral vegetation indices (VIs) are widely deployed in agriculture remote sensing and plant phenotyping to estimate plant biophysical and biochemical traits. However, existing VIs consist mainly of simple two-band indices that limit the net performance and often do not generalise well for traits other than those for which they were originally designed. We present an automated hyperspectral vegetation index (AutoVI) system for the rapid generation of novel two- to six-band trait-specific indices in a streamlined process covering model selection, optimisation and evaluation, driven by the tree parzen estimator algorithm. Its performance was tested in generating novel indices to estimate chlorophyll and sugar contents in wheat. Results showed that AutoVI can rapidly generate complex novel VIs (at least a four-band index) that correlated strongly (R2 > 0.8) with measured chlorophyll and sugar contents in wheat. Automated hyperspectral vegetation index-derived indices were used as features in simple and stepwise multiple linear regressions for chlorophyll and sugar content estimation, and outperformed the results achieved with the existing 47 VIs and those provided using partial least squares regression. The AutoVI system can deliver novel trait-specific VIs readily adoptable to high-throughput plant phenotyping platforms and should appeal to plant scientists and breeders. A graphical user interface for the AutoVI is provided here.

Published
2022

30. Roots' Drought Adaptive Traits in Crop Improvement.

Author

Shoaib, M, Banerjee, BP, Hayden, M, Kant, S, Shoaib, M, Banerjee, BP, Hayden, M, and Kant, S

Abstract

Drought is one of the biggest concerns in agriculture due to the projected reduction of global freshwater supply with a concurrent increase in global food demand. Roots can significantly contribute to improving drought adaptation and productivity. Plants increase water uptake by adjusting root architecture and cooperating with symbiotic soil microbes. Thus, emphasis has been given to root architectural responses and root-microbe relationships in drought-resilient crop development. However, root responses to drought adaptation are continuous and complex processes and involve additional root traits and interactions among themselves. This review comprehensively compiles and discusses several of these root traits such as structural, physiological, molecular, hydraulic, anatomical, and plasticity, which are important to consider together, with architectural changes, when developing drought resilient crop varieties. In addition, it describes the significance of root contribution in improving soil structure and water holding capacity and its implication on long-term resilience to drought. In addition, various drought adaptive root ideotypes of monocot and dicot crops are compared and proposed for given agroclimatic conditions. Overall, this review provides a broader perspective of understanding root structural, physiological, and molecular regulators, and describes the considerations for simultaneously integrating multiple traits for drought tolerance and crop improvement, under specific growing environments.

Published
2022

31. Combining NDVI and Bacterial Blight Score to Predict Grain Yield in Field Pea.

Author

Zhao, H, Pandey, BR, Khansefid, M, Khahrood, HV, Sudheesh, S, Joshi, S, Kant, S, Kaur, S, Rosewarne, GM, Zhao, H, Pandey, BR, Khansefid, M, Khahrood, HV, Sudheesh, S, Joshi, S, Kant, S, Kaur, S, and Rosewarne, GM

Abstract

Field pea is the most commonly grown temperate pulse crop, with close to 15 million tons produced globally in 2020. Varieties improved through breeding are important to ensure ongoing improvements in yield and disease resistance. Genomic selection (GS) is a modern breeding approach that could substantially improve the rate of genetic gain for grain yield, and its deployment depends on the prediction accuracy (PA) that can be achieved. In our study, four yield trials representing breeding lines' advancement stages of the breeding program (S0, S1, S2, and S3) were assessed with grain yield, aerial high-throughput phenotyping (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI), and bacterial blight disease scores (BBSC). Low-to-moderate broad-sense heritability (0.31-0.71) and narrow-sense heritability (0.13-0.71) were observed, as the estimated additive and non-additive genetic components for the three traits varied with the different models fitted. The genetic correlations among the three traits were high, particularly in the S0-S2 stages. NDVI and BBSC were combined to investigate the PA for grain yield by univariate and multivariate GS models, and multivariate models showed higher PA than univariate models in both cross-validation and forward prediction methods. A 6-50% improvement in PA was achieved when multivariate models were deployed. The highest PA was indicated in the forward prediction scenario when the training population consisted of early generation breeding stages with the multivariate models. Both NDVI and BBSC are commonly used traits that could be measured in the early growth stage; however, our study suggested that NDVI is a more useful trait to predict grain yield with high accuracy in the field pea breeding program, especially in diseased trials, through its incorporation into multivariate models.

Published
2022

33. Ethanolic extract of Parkia speciosa pods exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in lipopolysaccharide-induced murine macrophages by inhibiting the p38 MAPK pathway

Author

Tepparit Samrit, Narin Changklungmao, Kant Sangpairoj, Aticha Buddawong, Pornanan Kueakhai, Kititpong Chuanboon, Prasert Sobhon, and Kanta Pranweerapaiboon

Subjects
Parkia speciosa pod, Anti-Inflammation, Antioxidation, Pro-inflammatory cytokine, p38-MAPK, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Background: Parkia speciosa (PS) is commonly used in Southeast Asian cuisine and traditional medicine to treat diabetes, hypertension, dermatitis, and kidney diseases. PS has emerged as a subject of interest because of its potential antioxidation and anti-inflammatory properties. However, despite its historically long and wide usage, a comprehensive investigation of these properties in PS pods (PSp) have not been conducted. Aims of this study: This study aimed to identify the phytochemical compounds in the ethanolic extract of PSp collected from Southern Thailand and assess whether PSp exhibit antioxidant properties and mitigate inflammation in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 model. Materials and methods: The ethanolic extract of PSp was comprehensively analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to identify its phytochemical constituents. To assess the antioxidant activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) assays were performed, and cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay. The effect of PSp on reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS) was determined using a nitric oxide (NO) assay, and its effect on pro-inflammatory cytokines was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time quatitvative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Morphological changes following treatment were observed using a microscope. Western blot analysis was performed to quantify MAPK pathway expression. Results: PSp contain polyphenols, phytosterols, triterpenes, oxaloacetic acid, and unsaturated fatty acids. PSp demonstrated high antioxidant potential in scavenging free radicals and exhibited no cytotoxic effects on macrophages. Moreover, PSp effectively reduced NO release and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL1-β, TNF-α, and IL-6. PSp treatment induced notable morphological changes in macrophages, characterized by an increase in cell size and the presence of intracellular vacuoles. In addition, Western blot analysis showed the selective suppressive effect of PSp on the p38-MAPK pathway. Conclusion: PSp possess strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Efficacy, safety, and lot-to-lot immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152): interim results of a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 3 trial

Author

Ella, Raches, primary, Reddy, Siddarth, additional, Blackwelder, William, additional, Potdar, Varsha, additional, Yadav, Pragya, additional, Sarangi, Vamshi, additional, Aileni, Vinay K, additional, Kanungo, Suman, additional, Rai, Sanjay, additional, Reddy, Prabhakar, additional, Verma, Savita, additional, Singh, Chandramani, additional, Redkar, Sagar, additional, Mohapatra, Satyajit, additional, Pandey, Anil, additional, Ranganadin, Pajanivel, additional, Gumashta, Raghavendra, additional, Multani, Manish, additional, Mohammad, Shameem, additional, Bhatt, Parul, additional, Kumari, Laxmi, additional, Sapkal, Gajanan, additional, Gupta, Nivedita, additional, Abraham, Priya, additional, Panda, Samiran, additional, Prasad, Sai, additional, Bhargava, Balram, additional, Ella, Krishna, additional, Vadrevu, Krishna Mohan, additional, Aggarwal, P., additional, Aglawe, V., additional, Ali, A., additional, Anand, N., additional, Awad, N., additional, Bafna, V., additional, Balasubramaniyam, G., additional, Bandkar, A., additional, Basha, P., additional, Bharge, V., additional, Bhate, A., additional, Bhate, S., additional, Bhavani, V., additional, Bhosale, R., additional, Chalapathy, DV, additional, Chaubal, C., additional, Chaudhary, D., additional, Chavan, A., additional, Desai, P., additional, Dhodi, D., additional, Dutta, S., additional, Garg, R., additional, Garg, K., additional, George, M., additional, Goyal, P., additional, Guleria, R., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Jain, M., additional, Jain, M.K., additional, Jindal, S., additional, Kalra, M., additional, Kant, S., additional, Khosla, P., additional, Kulkarni, P., additional, Kumar, P., additional, Kumar, Y., additional, Majumdar, A., additional, Meshram, P., additional, Mishra, V., additional, Mohanty, S., additional, Nair, J., additional, Pandey, S., additional, Panigrahi, S.K., additional, Patil, B., additional, Patil, V., additional, Rahate, P., additional, Raj, V., additional, Ramanand, S., additional, Rami, K., additional, Ramraj, B., additional, Rane, S., additional, Rao, E.V., additional, Rao, N., additional, Raphael, R., additional, Reddy, G., additional, Redkar, V., additional, Redkar, S., additional, Sachdeva, A., additional, Saha, J., additional, Sahoo, J., additional, Sampath, P., additional, Savith, A., additional, Shah, M., additional, Shanmugam, L., additional, Sharma, R., additional, Sharma, P., additional, Sharma, D., additional, Singh, A., additional, Singh, J., additional, Singh, P., additional, Sivaprakasam, S., additional, Subramaniam, S., additional, Sudheer, D., additional, Tandon, S., additional, Tariq, M., additional, Tripathi, V., additional, Vable, M., additional, Verma, R., additional, and Waghmare, S., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. International prevalence and risk factors evaluation for drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia

Author

Aliberti, S, Cook, GS, Babu, BL, Reyes, LF, Rodriguez, AH, Sanz, F, Soni, NJ, Anzueto, A, Faverio, P, Sadud, RF, Muhammad, I, Prat, C, Vendrell, E, Neves, J, Kaimakamis, E, Feneley, A, Swarnakar, R, Franzetti, F, Carugati, M, Morosi, M, Monge, E, Restrepo, MI, Aruj, PK, Attorri, S, Barimboim, E, Caeiro, JP, Garzon, MI, Cambursano, VH, Ceccato, A, Chertcoff, J, Lascar, F, Di Tulio, F, Diaz, AC, de Vedia, L, Ganaha, MC, Lambert, S, Lopardo, G, Lopez, V, Luna, CM, Malberti, AG, Morcillo, N, Tartara, S, Pensotti, C, Pereyra, B, Scapellato, PG, Stagnaro, JP, Shah, S, Lotsch, F, Thalhammer, F, Anseeuw, K, Francois, CA, Van Braeckel, E, Vincent, JL, Djimon, MZ, Bashi, J, Dodo, R, Nouer, SA, Chipev, P, Encheva, M, Miteva, D, Petkova, D, Balkissou, AD, Yone, EWP, Ngahane, BHM, Shen, N, Xu, JF, Rico, CAB, Buitrago, R, Paternina, FJP, Ntumba, JMK, Carevic, VV, Jakopovic, M, Jankovic, M, Matkovic, Z, Mitrecic, I, Jacobsson, MLB, Christensen, AB, Bodtger, UCH, Meyer, CN, Jensen, AV, Baunbaek-knudsen, G, Petersen, PT, Andersen, S, Abd El-Wahhab, IES, Morsy, NE, Shafiek, H, Sobh, E, Abdulsemed, KA, Bertrand, F, Brun-Buisson, C, de Montmollin, E, Fartoukh, M, Messika, J, Tattevin, P, Khoury, A, Ebruke, B, Dreher, M, Kolditz, M, Meisinger, M, Pletz, MW, Hagel, S, Rupp, J, Schaberg, T, Spielmanns, M, Creutz, P, Suttorp, N, Siaw-Lartey, B, Dimakou, K, Papapetrou, D, Tsigou, E, Ampazis, D, Bhatia, M, Dhar, R, D'Souza, G, Garg, R, Koul, PA, Mahesh, PA, Jayaraj, BS, Narayan, KV, Udnur, HB, Krishnamurthy, SB, Kant, S, Limaye, S, Salvi, S, Golshani, K, Keatings, VM, Martin-Loeches, I, Maor, Y, Strahilevitz, J, Battaglia, S, Carrabba, M, Ceriana, P, Confalonieri, M, Monforte, AD, Del Prato, B, De Rosa, M, Fantini, R, Fiorentino, G, Gammino, MA, Menzella, F, Milani, G, Nava, S, Palmiero, G, Petrino, R, Gabrielli, B, Rossi, P, Sorino, C, Steinhilber, G, Zanforlin, A, Carone, M, Patella, V, Scarlata, S, Comel, A, Kurahashi, K, Bacha, ZA, Ugalde, DB, Zuniga, OC, Villegas, JF, Medenica, M, van de Garde, EMW, Mihsra, DR, Shrestha, P, Ridgeon, E, Awokola, BI, Nwankwo, ONO, Olufunlola, AB, Olumide, S, Ukwaja, KN, Irfan, M, Minarowski, L, Szymon, S, Froes, F, Leuschner, P, Meireles, M, Ferrao, C, Ravara, SB, Brocovschii, V, Ion, C, Rusu, D, Toma, C, Chirita, D, Dorobat, CM, Birkun, A, Kaluzhenina, A, Almotairi, A, Bukhary, ZAA, Edathodu, J, Fathy, A, Enani, AMA, Mohamed, NE, Memon, JU, Bella, A, Bogdanovic, N, Milenkovic, B, Pesut, D, Borderias, L, Garcia, NMB, Alarcon, HC, Cilloniz, C, Torres, A, Diaz-Brito, V, Casas, X, Gonzalez, AE, Fernandez-Almira, ML, Gallego, M, Gaspar-Garcia, I, del Castillo, JG, Victoria, PJ, Martinez, EL, de Molina, RM, Marcos, PJ, Menendez, R, Pando-Sandoval, A, Aymerich, CP, de la Torre, AL, Garcia-Olive, I, Rello, J, Moyano, S, Sibila, O, Rodrigo-Troyano, A, Sole-Violan, J, Uranga, A, van Boven, JFM, Torra, EV, Pujol, JA, Feldman, C, Yum, HK, Fiogbe, AA, Yangui, F, Bilaceroglu, S, Dalar, L, Yilmaz, U, Bogomolov, A, Elahi, N, Dhasmana, DJ, Ions, R, Skeemer, J, Woltmann, G, Hancock, C, Hill, AT, Rudran, B, Ruiz-Buitrago, S, Campbell, M, Whitaker, P, Youzguin, A, Singanayagam, A, Allen, KS, Brito, V, Dietz, J, Dysart, CE, Kellie, SM, Franco-Sadud, RA, Meier, G, Gaga, M, Holland, TL, Bergin, SP, Kheir, F, Landmeier, M, Lois, M, Nair, GB, Patel, H, Reyes, K, Rodriguez-Cintron, W, Saito, S, Noda, J, Hinojosa, CI, Levine, SM, Angel, LF, Whitlow, KS, Hipskind, J, Sukhija, K, Totten, V, Wunderink, RG, Shah, RD, Mateyo, KJ, Noriega, L, Alvarado, E, Aman, M, Labra, L, Aliberti, S, Cook, G, Babu, B, Reyes, L, H. Rodriguez, A, Sanz, F, Soni, N, Anzueto, A, Faverio, P, Sadud, R, Muhammad, I, Prat, C, Vendrell, E, Neves, J, Kaimakamis, E, Feneley, A, Swarnakar, R, Franzetti, F, Carugati, M, Morosi, M, Monge, E, Restrepo, M, Aliberti, S., Cook, G. S., Babu, B. L., Reyes, L. F., Rodriguez, A. H., Sanz, F., Soni, N. J., Anzueto, A., Faverio, P., Sadud, R. F., Muhammad, I., Prat, C., Vendrell, E., Neves, J., Kaimakamis, E., Feneley, A., Swarnakar, R., Franzetti, F., Carugati, M., Morosi, M., Monge, E., Restrepo, M. I., Aruj, P. K., Attorri, S., Barimboim, E., Caeiro, J. P., Garzon, M. I., Cambursano, V. H., Ceccato, A., Chertcoff, J., Lascar, F., Di Tulio, F., Diaz, A. C., de Vedia, L., Ganaha, M. C., Lambert, S., Lopardo, G., Luna, C. M., Malberti, A. G., Morcillo, N., Tartara, S., Pensotti, C., Pereyra, B., Scapellato, P. G., Stagnaro, J. P., Shah, S., Lotsch, F., Thalhammer, F., Anseeuw, K., Francois, C. A., Van Braeckel, E., Vincent, J. L., Djimon, M. Z., Bashi, J., Dodo, R., Nouer, S. A., Chipev, P., Encheva, M., Miteva, D., Petkova, D., Balkissou, A. D., Yone, E. W. P., Ngahane, B. H. M., Shen, N., Xu, J. -F., Rico, C. A. B., Buitrago, R., Paternina, F. J. P., Ntumba, J. -M. K., Carevic, V. V., Jakopovic, M., Jankovic, M., Matkovic, Z., Mitrecic, I., Jacobsson, M. -L. B., Christensen, A. B., Bodtger, U. C. H., Meyer, C. N., Jensen, A. V., Baunbaek-Knudsen, G., Petersen, P. T., Andersen, S., El-Wahhab, I. E. -S. A., Morsy, N. E., Shafiek, H., Sobh, E., Abdulsemed, K. A., Bertrand, F., Brun-Buisson, C., de Montmollin, E., Fartoukh, M., Messika, J., Tattevin, P., Khoury, A., Ebruke, B., Dreher, M., Kolditz, M., Meisinger, M., Pletz, M. W., Hagel, S., Rupp, J., Schaberg, T., Spielmanns, M., Creutz, P., Suttorp, N., Siaw-Lartey, B., Dimakou, K., Papapetrou, D., Tsigou, E., Ampazis, D., Bhatia, M., Dhar, R., D'Souza, G., Garg, R., Koul, P. A., Mahesh, P. A., Jayaraj, B. S., Narayan, K. V., Udnur, H. B., Krishnamurthy, S. B., Kant, S., Limaye, S., Salvi, S., Golshani, K., Keatings, V. M., Martin-Loeches, I., Maor, Y., Strahilevitz, J., Battaglia, S., Carrabba, M., Ceriana, P., Confalonieri, M., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Del Prato, B., De Rosa, M., Fantini, R., Fiorentino, G., Gammino, M. A., Menzella, F., Milani, G., Nava, S., Palmiero, G., Petrino, R., Gabrielli, B., Rossi, P., Sorino, C., Steinhilber, G., Zanforlin, A., Carone, M., Patella, V., Scarlata, S., Comel, A., Kurahashi, K., Bacha, Z. A., Ugalde, D. B., Zuniga, O. C., Villegas, J. F., Medenica, M., van de Garde, E. M. W., Mihsra, D. R., Shrestha, P., Ridgeon, E., Awokola, B. I., Nwankwo, O. N. O., Olufunlola, A. B., Olumide, S., Ukwaja, K. N., Irfan, M., Minarowski, L., Szymon, S., Froes, F., Leuschner, P., Meireles, M., Ferrao, C., Ravara, S. B., Brocovschii, V., Ion, C., Rusu, D., Toma, C., Chirita, D., Dorobat, C. M., Birkun, A., Kaluzhenina, A., Almotairi, A., Bukhary, Z. A. A., Edathodu, J., Fathy, A., Enani, A. M. A., Mohamed, N. E., Memon, J. U., Bella, A., Bogdanovic, N., Milenkovic, B., Pesut, D., Borderias, L., Garcia, N. M. B., Alarcon, H. C., Cilloniz, C., Torres, A., Diaz-Brito, V., Casas, X., Gonzalez, A. E., Fernandez-Almira, M. L., Gallego, M., Gaspar-Garcia, I., Del Castillo, J. G., Victoria, P. J., Martinez, E. L., de Molina, R. M., Marcos, P. J., Menendez, R., Pando-Sandoval, A., Aymerich, C. P., de la Torre, A. L., Garcia-Olive, I., Rello, J., Moyano, S., Sibila, O., Rodrigo-Troyano, A., Sole-Violan, J., Uranga, A., van Boven, J. F. M., Torra, E. V., Pujol, J. A., Feldman, C., Yum, H. K., Fiogbe, A. A., Yangui, F., Bilaceroglu, S., Dalar, L., Yilmaz, U., Bogomolov, A., Elahi, N., Dhasmana, D. J., Ions, R., Skeemer, J., Woltmann, G., Hancock, C., Hill, A. T., Rudran, B., Ruiz-Buitrago, S., Campbell, M., Whitaker, P., Youzguin, A., Singanayagam, A., Allen, K. S., Brito, V., Dietz, J., Dysart, C. E., Kellie, S. M., Franco-Sadud, R. A., Meier, G., Gaga, M., Holland, T. L., Bergin, S. P., Kheir, F., Landmeier, M., Lois, M., Nair, G. B., Patel, H., Reyes, K., Rodriguez-Cintron, W., Saito, S., Noda, J., Hinojosa, C. I., Levine, S. M., Angel, L. F., Whitlow, K. S., Hipskind, J., Sukhija, K., Totten, V., Wunderink, R. G., Shah, R. D., Mateyo, K. J., Noriega, L., Alvarado, E., Aman, M., Labra, L., Aliberti S., Cook G.S., Babu B.L., Reyes L.F., Rodriguez A.H., Sanz F., Soni N.J., Anzueto A., Faverio P., Sadud R.F., Muhammad I., Prat C., Vendrell E., Neves J., Kaimakamis E., Feneley A., Swarnakar R., Franzetti F., Carugati M., Morosi M., Monge E., Restrepo M.I., Aruj P.K., Attorri S., Barimboim E., Caeiro J.P., Garzon M.I., Cambursano V.H., Ceccato A., Chertcoff J., Lascar F., Di Tulio F., Diaz A.C., de Vedia L., Ganaha M.C., Lambert S., Lopardo G., Luna C.M., Malberti A.G., Morcillo N., Tartara S., Pensotti C., Pereyra B., Scapellato P.G., Stagnaro J.P., Shah S., Lotsch F., Thalhammer F., Anseeuw K., Francois C.A., Van Braeckel E., Vincent J.L., Djimon M.Z., Bashi J., Dodo R., Nouer S.A., Chipev P., Encheva M., Miteva D., Petkova D., Balkissou A.D., Yone E.W.P., Ngahane B.H.M., Shen N., Xu J.-F., Rico C.A.B., Buitrago R., Paternina F.J.P., Ntumba J.-M.K., Carevic V.V., Jakopovic M., Jankovic M., Matkovic Z., Mitrecic I., Jacobsson M.-L.B., Christensen A.B., Bodtger U.C.H., Meyer C.N., Jensen A.V., Baunbaek-Knudsen G., Petersen P.T., Andersen S., El-Wahhab I.E.-S.A., Morsy N.E., Shafiek H., Sobh E., Abdulsemed K.A., Bertrand F., Brun-Buisson C., de Montmollin E., Fartoukh M., Messika J., Tattevin P., Khoury A., Ebruke B., Dreher M., Kolditz M., Meisinger M., Pletz M.W., Hagel S., Rupp J., Schaberg T., Spielmanns M., Creutz P., Suttorp N., Siaw-Lartey B., Dimakou K., Papapetrou D., Tsigou E., Ampazis D., Bhatia M., Dhar R., D'souza G., Garg R., Koul P.A., Mahesh P.A., Jayaraj B.S., Narayan K.V., Udnur H.B., Krishnamurthy S.B., Kant S., Limaye S., Salvi S., Golshani K., Keatings V.M., Martin-Loeches I., Maor Y., Strahilevitz J., Battaglia S., Carrabba M., Ceriana P., Confalonieri M., D'Arminio Monforte A., Del Prato B., De Rosa M., Fantini R., Fiorentino G., Gammino M.A., Menzella F., Milani G., Nava S., Palmiero G., Petrino R., Gabrielli B., Rossi P., Sorino C., Steinhilber G., Zanforlin A., Carone M., Patella V., Scarlata S., Comel A., Kurahashi K., Bacha Z.A., Ugalde D.B., Zuniga O.C., Villegas J.F., Medenica M., van de Garde E.M.W., Mihsra D.R., Shrestha P., Ridgeon E., Awokola B.I., Nwankwo O.N.O., Olufunlola A.B., Olumide S., Ukwaja K.N., Irfan M., Minarowski L., Szymon S., Froes F., Leuschner P., Meireles M., Ferrao C., Ravara S.B., Brocovschii V., Ion C., Rusu D., Toma C., Chirita D., Dorobat C.M., Birkun A., Kaluzhenina A., Almotairi A., Bukhary Z.A.A., Edathodu J., Fathy A., Enani A.M.A., Mohamed N.E., Memon J.U., Bella A., Bogdanovic N., Milenkovic B., Pesut D., Borderias L., Garcia N.M.B., Alarcon H.C., Cilloniz C., Torres A., Diaz-Brito V., Casas X., Gonzalez A.E., Fernandez-Almira M.L., Gallego M., Gaspar-Garcia I., Del Castillo J.G., Victoria P.J., Martinez E.L., de Molina R.M., Marcos P.J., Menendez R., Pando-Sandoval A., Aymerich C.P., de la Torre A.L., Garcia-Olive I., Rello J., Moyano S., Sibila O., Rodrigo-Troyano A., Sole-Violan J., Uranga A., van Boven J.F.M., Torra E.V., Pujol J.A., Feldman C., Yum H.K., Fiogbe A.A., Yangui F., Bilaceroglu S., Dalar L., Yilmaz U., Bogomolov A., Elahi N., Dhasmana D.J., Ions R., Skeemer J., Woltmann G., Hancock C., Hill A.T., Rudran B., Ruiz-Buitrago S., Campbell M., Whitaker P., Youzguin A., Singanayagam A., Allen K.S., Brito V., Dietz J., Dysart C.E., Kellie S.M., Franco-Sadud R.A., Meier G., Gaga M., Holland T.L., Bergin S.P., Kheir F., Landmeier M., Lois M., Nair G.B., Patel H., Reyes K., Rodriguez-Cintron W., Saito S., Noda J., Hinojosa C.I., Levine S.M., Angel L.F., Whitlow K.S., Hipskind J., Sukhija K., Totten V., Wunderink R.G., Shah R.D., Mateyo K.J., Noriega L., Alvarado E., Aman M., and Labra L.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Streptococcus pneumonia, antibiotic resistance, Internationality, sputum examination, bronchiectasis, very elderly, Antibiotics, Prevalence, Drug resistance, medicine.disease_cause, Logistic regression, Global Health, Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology, lung lavage, 0302 clinical medicine, Community-acquired pneumonia, Cost of Illness, Risk Factors, drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia, 030212 general & internal medicine, Microbial drug resistant, Aged, 80 and over, adult, international cooperation, drug effect, Middle Aged, influenza vaccination, Anti-Bacterial Agents, antiinfective agent, Europe, Community-Acquired Infections, Hospitalization, Global burden of disease, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Infectious Diseases, risk factor, bacterium identification, Female, community acquired infection, influenza, liver disease, pneumococcal vaccination, Pneumococcal infection, hospitalization, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio, Article, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/epidemiology, medicine, Humans, controlled study, human, tetracycline, Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data, Aged, levofloxacin, nonhuman, business.industry, disease association, microbiology, community acquired pneumonia, macrolide, Pneumonia, asthma, South America, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal, vaccination, medicine.disease, major clinical study, antibiotic sensitivity, penicillin derivative, Penicillin, Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects, blood examination, Africa, North America, microbiological examination, business
Abstract

Objective: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent bacterial pathogen isolated in subjects with Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) worldwide. Limited data are available regarding the current global burden and risk factors associated with drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) in CAP subjects. We assessed the multinational prevalence and risk factors for DRSP-CAP in a multinational point-prevalence study. Design: The prevalence of DRSP-CAP was assessed by identification of DRSP in blood or respiratory samples among adults hospitalized with CAP in 54 countries. Prevalence and risk factors were compared among subjects that had microbiological testing and antibiotic susceptibility data. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify risk factors independently associated with DRSP-CAP. Results: 3,193 subjects were included in the study. The global prevalence of DRSP-CAP was 1.3% and continental prevalence rates were 7.0% in Africa, 1.2% in Asia, and 1.0% in South America, Europe, and North America, respectively. Macrolide resistance was most frequently identified in subjects with DRSP-CAP (0.6%) followed by penicillin resistance (0.5%). Subjects in Africa were more likely to have DRSP-CAP (OR: 7.6; 95% CI: 3.34-15.35, p < 0.001) when compared to centres representing other continents. Conclusions: This multinational point-prevalence study found a low global prevalence of DRSP-CAP that may impact guideline development and antimicrobial policies. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association.

Published
2019

38. Relationship between body mass index and percentage of body fat, estimated by bio-electrical impedance among adult females in a rural community of North India: A cross-sectional study

Author

Misra, P., Singh, A., Archana, S., Lohiya, A., and Kant, S.

Subjects
Women -- Health aspects, Adipose tissues -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Rural population -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors, Body mass index -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Ethnic, cultural, racial issues/studies, Social sciences, Women's issues/gender studies
Abstract

Byline: P. Misra, A. Singh, S. Archana, A. Lohiya, S. Kant Introduction: Body adiposity measured by percentage of body fat (BF%) is found to be better predictor of cardiovascular morbidity [...]

Published
2019

40. Correction to: Exploring the missing heritability in subjects with hearing loss, enlarged vestibular aqueducts, and a single or no pathogenic SLC26A4 variant (Human Genetics, (2021), 10.1007/s00439-021-02336-6)

Author

Smits, Jeroen J., de Bruijn, Suzanne E., Lanting, Cornelis P., Oostrik, Jaap, O’Gorman, Luke, Mantere, Tuomo, van Dooren, M. F., Kant, S. G., de Gier, H. H. W., Hoefsloot, E. H., van der Schroeff, M. P., Rotteveel, L. J. C., Ropers, F. G., Widdershoven, J. C. C., Hof, J. R., Vanhoutte, E. K., Feenstra, I., Kremer, H., Lanting, C. P., Pennings, R. J. E., Yntema, H. G., Free, R. H., Klein Wassink-Ruiter, J. S., Stokroos, R. J., Smit, A. L., van den Boogaard, M. J., Ebbens, F. A., Maas, S. M., Plomp, A., Goderie, T. P. M., Merkus, P., van de Kamp, J., Cremers, Frans P. M., Roosing, Susanne, Yntema, Helger G., de Vrieze, Erik, Derks, Ronny, Hoischen, Alexander, Pegge, Sjoert A. H., Neveling, Kornelia, Pennings, Ronald J. E., Kremer, Hannie, Ear, Nose and Throat, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Human Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, and Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics

Abstract

In the original article published, the affiliation of the 3rd author Cornelis P. Lanting is published incorrectly. The correct affiliation is given below: 1. Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands The original article has been corrected.

Published
2021

41. An integrated community and primary healthcare worker intervention to reduce stigma and improve management of common mental disorders in rural India: protocol for the SMART Mental Health programme

Author

Daniel, M, Maulik, PK, Kallakuri, S, Kaur, A, Devarapalli, S, Mukherjee, A, Bhattacharya, A, Billot, L, Thornicroft, G, Praveen, D, Raman, U, Sagar, R, Kant, S, Essue, B, Chatterjee, S, Saxena, S, Patel, A, Peiris, D, Daniel, M, Maulik, PK, Kallakuri, S, Kaur, A, Devarapalli, S, Mukherjee, A, Bhattacharya, A, Billot, L, Thornicroft, G, Praveen, D, Raman, U, Sagar, R, Kant, S, Essue, B, Chatterjee, S, Saxena, S, Patel, A, and Peiris, D

Abstract

Background: Around 1 in 7 people in India are impacted by mental illness. The treatment gap for people with mental disorders is as high as 75–95%. Health care systems, especially in rural regions in India, face substantial challenges to address these gaps in care, and innovative strategies are needed. Methods: We hypothesise that an intervention involving an anti-stigma campaign and a mobile-technology-based electronic decision support system will result in reduced stigma and improved mental health for adults at high risk of common mental disorders. It will be implemented as a parallel-group cluster randomised, controlled trial in 44 primary health centre clusters servicing 133 villages in rural Andhra Pradesh and Haryana. Adults aged ≥ 18 years will be screened for depression, anxiety and suicide based on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorders (GAD-7) scores. Two evaluation cohorts will be derived—a high-risk cohort with elevated PHQ-9, GAD-7 or suicide risk and a non-high-risk cohort comprising an equal number of people not at elevated risk based on these scores. Outcome analyses will be conducted blinded to intervention allocation. Expected outcomes: The primary study outcome is the difference in mean behaviour scores at 12 months in the combined ‘high-risk’ and ‘non-high-risk’ cohort and the mean difference in PHQ-9 scores at 12 months in the ‘high-risk’ cohort. Secondary outcomes include depression and anxiety remission rates in the high-risk cohort at 6 and 12 months, the proportion of high-risk individuals who have visited a doctor at least once in the previous 12 months, and change from baseline in mean stigma, mental health knowledge and attitude scores in the combined non-high-risk and high-risk cohort. Trial outcomes will be accompanied by detailed economic and process evaluations. Significance: The findings are likely to inform policy on a low-cost scalable solution to destigmatise common mental disorders and reduce the tr

Published
2021

42. CBM: An IoT Enabled LiDAR Sensor for In-Field Crop Height and Biomass Measurements.

Author

Banerjee, BP, Spangenberg, G, Kant, S, Banerjee, BP, Spangenberg, G, and Kant, S

Abstract

The phenotypic characterization of crop genotypes is an essential, yet challenging, aspect of crop management and agriculture research. Digital sensing technologies are rapidly advancing plant phenotyping and speeding-up crop breeding outcomes. However, off-the-shelf sensors might not be fully applicable and suitable for agricultural research due to the diversity in crop species and specific needs during plant breeding selections. Customized sensing systems with specialized sensor hardware and software architecture provide a powerful and low-cost solution. This study designed and developed a fully integrated Raspberry Pi-based LiDAR sensor named CropBioMass (CBM), enabled by internet of things to provide a complete end-to-end pipeline. The CBM is a low-cost sensor, provides high-throughput seamless data collection in field, small data footprint, injection of data onto the remote server, and automated data processing. The phenotypic traits of crop fresh biomass, dry biomass, and plant height that were estimated by CBM data had high correlation with ground truth manual measurements in a wheat field trial. The CBM is readily applicable for high-throughput plant phenotyping, crop monitoring, and management for precision agricultural applications.

Published
2021

44. Automated Machine Learning for High-Throughput Image-Based Plant Phenotyping

Author

Koh, JCO, Spangenberg, G, Kant, S, Koh, JCO, Spangenberg, G, and Kant, S

Abstract

Automated machine learning (AutoML) has been heralded as the next wave in artificial intelligence with its promise to deliver high-performance end-to-end machine learning pipelines with minimal effort from the user. However, despite AutoML showing great promise for computer vision tasks, to the best of our knowledge, no study has used AutoML for image-based plant phenotyping. To address this gap in knowledge, we examined the application of AutoML for image-based plant phenotyping using wheat lodging assessment with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery as an example. The performance of an open-source AutoML framework, AutoKeras, in image classification and regression tasks was compared to transfer learning using modern convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures. For image classification, which classified plot images as lodged or non-lodged, transfer learning with Xception and DenseNet-201 achieved the best classification accuracy of 93.2%, whereas AutoKeras had a 92.4% accuracy. For image regression, which predicted lodging scores from plot images, transfer learning with DenseNet-201 had the best performance (R2 = 0.8303, root mean-squared error (RMSE) = 9.55, mean absolute error (MAE) = 7.03, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) = 12.54%), followed closely by AutoKeras (R2 = 0.8273, RMSE = 10.65, MAE = 8.24, MAPE = 13.87%). In both tasks, AutoKeras models had up to 40-fold faster inference times compared to the pretrained CNNs. AutoML has significant potential to enhance plant phenotyping capabilities applicable in crop breeding and precision agriculture.

Published
2021

45. Machine learning regression analysis for estimation of crop emergence using multispectral uav imagery

Author

Banerjee, BP, Sharma, V, Spangenberg, G, Kant, S, Banerjee, BP, Sharma, V, Spangenberg, G, and Kant, S

Abstract

Optimal crop emergence is an important trait in crop breeding for genotypic screening and for achieving potential growth and yield. Emergence is conventionally quantified manually by counting the sub-sections of field plots or scoring; these are less reliable, laborious and inefficient. Remote sensing technology is being increasingly used for high-throughput estimation of agronomic traits in field crops. This study developed a method for estimating wheat seedlings using multispectral images captured from an unmanned aerial vehicle. A machine learning regression (MLR) analysis was used by combining spectral and morphological information extracted from the multispectral images. The approach was tested on diverse wheat genotypes varying in seedling emergence. In this study, three supervised MLR models including regression trees, support vector regression and Gaussian process regression (GPR) were evaluated for estimating wheat seedling emergence. The GPR model was the most effective compared to the other methods, with R2 = 0.86, RMSE = 4.07 and MAE = 3.21 when correlated to the manual seedling count. In addition, imagery data collected at multiple flight altitudes and different wheat growth stages suggested that 10 m altitude and 20 days after sowing were desirable for optimal spatial resolution and image analysis. The method is deployable on larger field trials and other crops for effective and reliable seedling emergence estimates.

Published
2021

46. High-throughput phenotyping to dissect genotypic differences in safflower for drought tolerance

Author

Farooq, S, Joshi, S, Thoday-Kennedy, E, Daetwyler, HD, Hayden, M, Spangenberg, G, Kant, S, Farooq, S, Joshi, S, Thoday-Kennedy, E, Daetwyler, HD, Hayden, M, Spangenberg, G, and Kant, S

Abstract

Drought is one of the most severe and unpredictable abiotic stresses, occurring at any growth stage and affecting crop yields worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to develop drought tolerant varieties to ensure sustainable crop production in an ever-changing climate. High-throughput digital phenotyping technologies in tandem with robust screening methods enable precise and faster selection of genotypes for breeding. To investigate the use of digital imaging to reliably phenotype for drought tolerance, a genetically diverse safflower population was screened under different drought stresses at Agriculture Victoria's high-throughput, automated phenotyping platform, Plant Phenomics Victoria, Horsham. In the first experiment, four treatments, control (90% field capacity; FC), 40% FC at initial branching, 40% FC at flowering and 50% FC at initial branching and flowering, were applied to assess the performance of four safflower genotypes. Based on these results, drought stress using 50% FC at initial branching and flowering stages was chosen to further screen 200 diverse safflower genotypes. Measured plant traits and dry biomass showed high correlations with derived digital traits including estimated shoot biomass, convex hull area, caliper length and minimum area rectangle, indicating the viability of using digital traits as proxy measures for plant growth. Estimated shoot biomass showed close association having moderately high correlation with drought indices yield index, stress tolerance index, geometric mean productivity, and mean productivity. Diverse genotypes were classified into four clusters of drought tolerance based on their performance (seed yield and digitally estimated shoot biomass) under stress. Overall, results show that rapid and precise image-based, high-throughput phenotyping in controlled environments can be used to effectively differentiate response to drought stress in a large numbers of safflower genotypes.

Published
2021

47. Digital Phenotyping to Delineate Salinity Response in Safflower Genotypes

Author

Thoday-Kennedy, E, Joshi, S, Daetwyler, HD, Hayden, M, Hudson, D, Spangenberg, G, Kant, S, Thoday-Kennedy, E, Joshi, S, Daetwyler, HD, Hayden, M, Hudson, D, Spangenberg, G, and Kant, S

Abstract

Salinity is a major contributing factor to the degradation of arable land, and reductions in crop growth and yield. To overcome these limitations, the breeding of crop varieties with improved salt tolerance is needed. This requires effective and high-throughput phenotyping to optimize germplasm enhancement. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), is an underappreciated but highly versatile oilseed crop, capable of growing in saline and arid environments. To develop an effective and rapid phenotyping protocol to differentiate salt responses in safflower genotypes, experiments were conducted in the automated imaging facility at Plant Phenomics Victoria, Horsham, focussing on digital phenotyping at early vegetative growth. The initial experiment, at 0, 125, 250, and 350 mM sodium chloride (NaCl), showed that 250 mM NaCl was optimum to differentiate salt sensitive and tolerant genotypes. Phenotyping of a diverse set of 200 safflower genotypes using the developed protocol defined four classes of salt tolerance or sensitivity, based on biomass and ion accumulation. Salt tolerance in safflower was dependent on the exclusion of Na+ from shoot tissue and the maintenance of K+ uptake. Salinity response identified in glasshouse experiments showed some consistency with the performance of representatively selected genotypes tested under sodic field conditions. Overall, our results suggest that digital phenotyping can be an effective high-throughput approach in identifying candidate genotypes for salt tolerance in safflower.

Published
2021

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results