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Background: The relationship between stasis dermatitis (SD), clinical factors, and heart failure (HF) outcomes in outpatients has not been previously assessed. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study evaluated 324 patients admitted to the HF outpatient clinic. A total of 158 HF outpatients (100 males and 58 females) were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups depending on whether they were diagnosed with SD within six months before attending the outpatient clinic. Forty-one patients (26 %) diagnosed with SD in the preceding six months were designated group 1, and 117 (74 %) not diagnosed were designated group 2. Results: Diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR =5.473, p

This study was conducted to determine the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) and boron (Bio-B) on the plant freeze injury, antioxidant enzyme activity and fruit yield of grapevine cultivar. The experimental plot was a completely randomized design with 5 replicates. As a trial model Bio-B and control were used as fertilizer agent. Bio-B fertilizer has been applied in different ways as soil?+ foliar, soil and foliar application methods to grapevine plants. Data through 2 years trials results showed that the use of Bio-B significantly decreased freeze injury and increased antioxidant enzyme activity of grapevine leaf. The highest damage rate at control group occurred with -20?°C and 94.89% ratio. In the same temperature degree at grape plant, the damage ratio of the Bio-B application from soil decreased by 21.55%; the application from leaf by 25.53% and with the application from soil?+ leaf by 26.24%. In addition to this, compared with control, in the CAT, POD and SOD enzyme activities increases occurred with the ratios as 28.57%, 22.05% and 39.25%, respectively. Generally, as results of this study under field conditions, Bio-B fertilizer application decreased freeze injure and increased antioxidant enzyme activity of the grapevine plant. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature. 01194.STZ.2012-1 Acknowledgements Grateful to the project of Research and Development of Industry Minister (Project number: 01194.STZ.2012-1) for their productive financial support of this study.

PubMed: 31688049 The autopsy maintains its significance both forensically and medically despite enormous developments in antemortem and postmortem diagnostic methods. The present study probes the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of religious officials in our city toward autopsy and make an evaluation of how religion and culture affect those factors. The study consists of 219 Imams (male) and 69 Quran instructors (female) who serve in urban and rural regions of Kahramanmaras and approved informed consent forms. Two hundred thirty (79%) of the participants stated that the autopsy was an appropriate process according to Islam; 1 (0.3%) stated that it was inappropriate, whereas 57 (19.8%) were observed to have no idea regarding its appropriateness. The mean knowledge score that participants had about autopsy was determined to be 7.45 ± 1.73 (min = 1, max = 10). On the other hand, 240 participants (83.3%) stated that it was important for the religious officials to inform the society about the autopsy. The negative attitude toward autopsy stems from the lack of knowledge and traditions. The religious officials could help the doctors to change the negative attitude stemming from tradition toward the autopsy. © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Bu çalışma I. ve II. ürün olarak yetiştirilen beş farklı melez mısır çeşidinin (Cargill-955, Pioneer-3167, Ada-9510, Ada-9516, Ada-523) fermantasyon özellikleri, ham besin maddeleri, hücre duvarı içerikleri, in vitro kuru ve organik madde sindirilebilirliğinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Mısır hasılları hamur olum döneminde hasat edilmiştir. Tüm muamele grupları laboratuar tipi silo kaplarında 75 gün süreyle silolanmıştır. Silaj fermantasyonuna ilişkin olarak pH, amonyak nitrojeni, suda çözünebilir karbonhidratlar, organik asitler (laktik, asetik ve bütrik) ve mikrobiyolojik analizler yapılmıştır. Silajların ham besin maddeleri ve hücre duvarı içerikleri saptanmıştır. Silolama döneminin sonunda silajlarda 5 gün süre ile aerobik dayanıklılık testi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, enzimatik yöntemle silajların in vitro organik madde sindirilebilirlikleri saptanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda fermantasyon özellikleri, ham besin maddeleri, hücre duvarı kapsamları ve in vitro organik madde sindirilebilirliklerinin çeşit farklılıklarından önemli derecede etkilendikleri saptanmıştır.

KAYA, ISMAIL/0000-0002-2570-0877 WOS: 000334093200002 This study aims to evaluate the effects of distiller dried grains with solubles (DDGS) incorporated to the concentrate ration in growing lambs on weight growth, food consumption and efficiency, nutrient digestibility and some rumen parameters. After a 15 days long adaptation period, the 2.53 month old male Tuj lambs were divided into 3 equal groups of 6 lambs each according to the proportions of DDGS (0, 10 and 20%) added to the concentrate in substitution of soybean meal. Food intake, weights and weight gains, food efficiency were recorded for 50 days then in the last week of the experimental period, nutrient digestibility rates were determined by collecting total faeces, and pH, concentrations of ammonia and volatile fatty acid were measured in ruminal fluid. Dietary DDGS addition has exhibited negative effects neither on growth performance, food intake of forage or concentrate and food efficiency nor on rumen parameters. However, the digestibility rates of dry and organic matters and of crude proteins were significantly depressed when 10% DDGS were used. These results show that DDGS at 20% can be used as a protein source in the growing lamb diet. Scientific Research Center of Kafkas UniversityKafkas University [2010 VF-19] This project (Project No: 2010 VF-19) was supported by Scientific Research Center of Kafkas University.

Planlama geleceğe yönelik bir öngörüyü ifade eder. Ulaşılmak istenen yere nasıl gidileceğini tarif eden bir yol haritasıdır. İşletmeler için planlama kaçınılmaz bir faaliyettir ve başarının temel anahtarıdır. Planlamada başarısız olan işletmeler, başarısızlığı planlarlar. Bu nedenle planlama yönetim fonksiyonları arasında ilk sırada yer almaktadır.İş planı ise bir işletmenin tüm faaliyetlerinin kapsayan ve planlamayı yapacak olan kişinin sistemli bir şekilde bütünsel bir plan ortaya çıkarmasını sağlayan bir araçtır. Hazırlandıktan sonra da sürekli güncellenmesi gereken, yöneticinin faaliyetleri kontrol etmesi için kullanılan bir yönetim aracıdır.Ülkemizdeki işletmelerin, özellikle de KOBİ'lerin planlama konusunda yeterli olduklarını söylemek zordur. Planlama konusundaki yetersizlikler mikro ve makro açıdan pek çok soruna yol açmaktadır.Bu çalışmanın yapılmasındaki amaç planlama ve iş planı kavramlarının incelenerek örnek bir grubun bu kavramlarla olan ilişkisini tespit etmektir. Çalışmanın örnek grubu Ankara OSTİM Organize Sanayi Bölgesi'nde faaliyet gösteren imalat işletmeleridir. Faaliyet gösteren 1005 imalat işletmesinin içerisinden 103'üne anket uygulanmıştır. Bu işletmeler KOBİ sınıfına dâhil olduğu için çalışmanın 2. bölümünde KOBİ'lerin özelliklerine ve planlama ve iş planı ile olan ilişkilerine değinilmiştir.Yapılan araştırma sonucunda Ankara OSTİM Organize Sanayi Bölgesi'nde faaliyet gösteren imalat işletmelerinin önemli bir kısmının;-Kısa, orta ve uzun vadeli planlama faaliyetleri gerçekleştirmedikleri,-Yazılı plan ortaya koymadıkları,-İş planı hazırlamadıkları,-İşletme etkiliklerini ölçmedikleri,tespit edilmiştir. Planning is a vision for future. It is a roadmap which describes where to go how. Planning is an inevitable activity for enterprises and it is the key to success. Those who fail in planning, plans failure. Because of this, planning takes the first place among functions of management.Business plan is a tool which covers all activities of an enterprise and lets the planner to build an integrated plan in a systemized way. It is a live tool which has to be updated frequently and used by the manager for control pruposes.It is hard to say that enterprises in Turkey are sufficient in planning. The insufficiency in planning causes many problems in micro and macro point of views.The aim of this study is to analyze the planning and business plan concepts and determine the relationship of a sample group with these concepts. The sample group is the production enterprises which are based in Ankara OSTİM Organized Industrial Region. Out of 1005 production enterprises, 103 has participated the survey of study. Because these enterprises are SME?s, the second section of the study is about SME?s and the relation of SME?s with planning and business plans.It has been concluded in the study that a significant number among these enterprises are;-Not planning their activities in short, middle and long term-Not preparing planning documents.-Not preparing business plans 133

The prothrombotic and inflammatory state plays a significant role in the occurrence of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet potentials of the extracts obtained from Ribes rubrum were investigated. The antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of the ethanol and water extracts of R. rubrum were evaluated by in vitro methods. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined. The experimental diabetes model in rats was induced with streptozotocin (STZ). After hyperglycemia occurred, the ethanol extracts of R. rubrum (RRE, at 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg doses) were administered to the treatment groups for 14 days. Blood glucose, lipid profile, plasma, and pancreas tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were determined and compared at the end of the experiments. P-selectin levels and mitochondrial membrane polarization (MMP) of platelets were also measured. In vitro study, the RRE showed potent anti-inflammatory activity. Administration of RRE (at 100 mg/kg doses) to diabetic rats lowered blood glucose level insignificantly. The results showed that there was an increment in levels of TNF-alpha in plasma and pancreas tissue of the diabetic group compared to the control group. R. rubrum extract regulated and normalized their levels in plasma and pancreatic tissue. RRE at both doses significantly decreased platelet P-selectin levels and prevented STZ-induced loss of MMP in platelets. The results of current research indicate that RRE extract has potent anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory effects and may be beneficial in preventing diabetic complications. Practical applications Hyperglycemia causes dyslipidemia, advanced oxidative stress, platelet activation, and inflammation in diabetes mellitus. Plants with various medicinal properties are of worldwide interest for the treatment of diseases due to their biological activities. In this study, the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of extracts of Ribes rubrum (%100 ethanol, 50% ethanol, water) were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods. The diabetes model was induced with streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were divided into control, diabetic control, R. rubrum-100 mg/kg, and R. rubrum-500 mg/kg doses groups. Blood glucose levels, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), platelet P-selectin levels, mitochondrial membrane polarization of platelets were examined. The present study has shown that R. rubrum has anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet activity. R. rubrum may be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of DM complications due to its anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects.

Introduction Sepsis, defined as an increase of 2 points or more in the sequential organ failure assessment score, is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the dysregulated host response to infection. Volume-conductivity-scatter (VCS) parameters of cell counters which are known as cell population data (CPD) have been suggested to be beneficial in diagnosing sepsis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of CPD parameters in sepsis in comparison to nonsystemic infection cases (NSI) and non-infectious acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. Materials and Methods We prospectively included four groups of patients” data: sepsis (n = 66), localized infection (pneumonia, n = 59), chronic inflammation (rheumatoid arthritis, n = 92) and noninfectious inflammation (coronary artery bypass graft operation, n = 56) groups, according to their clinical status and laboratory results. Samples for cell counting and serum markers were collected on the same day of culture collection. VCS parameters were measured by Unicel DxH800 Coulter Cellular Analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA). Results Mean neutrophil volume (MN-V-NE), was highest in the sepsis group [155(149-168)] compared to the localized infection [148(140-158)], chronic inflammation [144.5(142-149)] and noninfectious inflammation [149(145.2-153.7)] (P = 0.001, P Conclusion VCS parameters might be promising for differentiating sepsis and non-sepsis cases. Additionally, obtaining these data routinely makes their prospects promising without any additional cost and time.

Polimer malzemeler kolay şekillendirilmeleri, geri dönüşümleri, yeniden kullanımları ve güçlü karakteristik özellikleri ile uygun maliyetli olmaları nedenleriyle otomotiv, makine, havacılık ve medikal gibi birçok sektörde kullanılmaktadır. Polimer malzemelerin termal, mekanik ve elektriksel iletkenlik gibi özellikleri, bu malzemelerin polimer-metal, polimer-polimer, polimer-lif kompozitleri olarak kullanılmasıyla geliştirilmiştir. Bu polimer kompozitleri birçok özel uygulamada kullanmak için tercih edilir. Bakır ve gümüş gibi metaller, antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip metaller olarak bilinir. Bu nedenle çeşitli antibakteriyel uygulamalarda kullanılırlar. Bununla birlikte, bu metallerin nispeten yüksek maliyeti kullanımlarını sınırlar. Bu çalışmada, sağlık sektöründe yaygın olarak kullanılan Polietilen ve Polipropilen matrisin mekanik ve antibakteriyel özelliklerine belirli oranlarda bakır alaşımlı tozların eklenmesinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Matris olarak polietilen ve polipropilen kullanılmıştır. Takviye bakır alaşım bakır-krom-zirkonyum (CuCrZr) toz partikülleri ağrılıkça %0.5- 1-3 ve 5 oranında eklenmiştir. Malzemeler çift vidalı ekstürüderde karıştırılarak granül haline getirilmiştir. Daha sonra enjeksiyon makinası ile test numuneleri basılmıştır. Kalıplanan numunelere; çekme, sertlik, darbe, yoğunluk ve antimikrobiyal testler yapılmıştır. Testlerin sonuçları incelenerek bakır alaşım miktarının polietilen ve polipropilen üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiştir. Polymer materials are used in many sectors such as automotive, machinery, aviation and medical due to their easy forming, recycling, reuse and strong characteristic properties with their affordable cost. The properties of polymer materials such as thermal, mechanical and electrical conductivity can be improved by using these materials as polymer-metal, polymer-polymer, polymer-fiber composites. This makes polymer composites the preferred material for many specific applications. Metals such as copper and silver are known as metals with antibacterial properties. Therefore, they are used in various antibacterial applications. However, the relatively high cost of these metals limits their use. In this study, the effect of the addition of some copper alloy powders in specific ratios to the antibacterial properties of Polyethylene and Polypropylene matrix, which are used extensively in the health sector, was investigated. Polyethylene and polypropylene were used as matrix materials. Reinforced copper alloy copper-chrome-zirconium (CuCrZr) powder particles were added at a rate of 0.5-1-3 and 5% by machine. Molded samples; Tensile, hardness, impact, density and antimicrobial tests were performed. The results of the tests were examined and the effects of copper alloy amount on polyethylene and polypropylene were determined.

© 2022 Marmara University Press, All Rights Reserved.Objective: Epileptic seizures may cause skeletal muscle injury and memory dysfunctions. The present study was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of exercising prior to seizure on seizure-induced oxidative injury in the skeletal muscle and brain. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were assigned as non-exercise (n=16) and exercise groups (n=16). Following a 3-day exercise training, exercise protocol (30 min) was performed on a treadmill for 10 days, while control rats had no exercise. On the 11th day, the epileptic seizure was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (45 mg/kg), while the control groups were injected with saline. Passive-avoidance test was initially performed before PTZ/saline injection and repeated 72 h later for the assessment of memory function. Brain and gastrocnemius muscles were taken for histological assessments and to determine the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and luminal – and lucigenin – enhanced chemiluminescence levels. Results: Exercise training alone increased the formation of reactive oxygen species and elevated the antioxidant GSH capacity of the muscle tissue in the control rats, but these effects were not observed in the muscles of the exercised rats induced with a PTZ-seizure. On the other hand, short-term exercise alone had no effect on the basal oxidative parameters of the brain tissues. Prior exercise did not alter the average seizure scores or memory performances when compared to non-exercised groups, but suppressed the PTZ-induced elevations in MDA and chemiluminescence levels as well as MPO activity in the brain. Conclusion: A 10-day mild treadmill exercise reduced the oxidative brain damage due to a single seizure-induced excitotoxicity and exerted a preconditioning effect on the skeletal muscles exposed to tonic-clonic contractions.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Methotrexate (MTX), a cytotoxic therapeutic agent, is used for the cure of malignancies and rheumatologic disorders. However, the significant side effects of MTX limits its use. In this study, we aim to assess the hepatoprotective properties of Momordica charantia (MC) against MTX-induced liver damaged in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following one dose of MTX (20 mg/kg), the rats were given either distilled water or MC extract (300 mg/kg, po) for 5 days. After the dissection of the rats, the liver was removed to analyse tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxy-guanosine (8-OhdG) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and caspase-3 activities. The tissues were also examined histopathologically. RESULTS: The hepatic TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, 8-OhdG levels, and Caspase-3 activity in the MTX group were found to be significantly increased compared to the control group. However, MC extract was able to significantly decrease TNF-α, TGF-β, 8-OhdG levels, and Caspase-3 activity. Also, both the SOD and CAT activity of the MTX group decreased compared to the control group. Although only the SOD levels elevated significantly with MC treatment, the SOD and CAT activities of the MC treated group were similar to the control group. Supporting these biochemical parameters, MTX-induced histologic alterations in the liver were also ameliorated via MC treatment. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that MC has a protective role against MTX-induced hepatic tissue injury by reducing apoptosis, oxidative damage, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Giriş-AmaçKüresel iklim değişikliği dünya gündemini ciddi olarak meşgul eden bir konudur. İklim değişikliğinin 21. yüzyılda toplum sağlığına yönelik birincil tehdit haline gelebileceği öne sürülmektedir. Küresel iklim değişikliğiyle başa çıkmak üzere sağlık sistemleri geliştirme ve uygulama alanında sağlık çalışanlarına da pay düşmektedir. Bu çalışma ile İstanbul’da kamuya ait bir üniversitenin sağlık kampüsünde görev yapan öğretim üyelerinin iklim değişikliği ve insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri hakkındaki bilgi ve farkındalıklarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.YöntemTanımlayıcı tipteki çalışmanın evrenini İstanbul’da kamuya ait bir üniversitenin sağlık kampüsünde (Tıp, Diş Hekimliği, Sağlık Bilimleri ve Eczacılık Fakültesi) görev yapan 494 öğretim üyesi oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem belirlenmemiş olup evrenin tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Aralık 2021-Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında sosyo-demografik sorular ve araştırmacıların literatür taraması ışığında kendi hazırladıkları anket soruları çevrimiçi olarak uygulanmıştır. 217 kişinin katılımı ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmanın bağımsız değişkenleri; yaş, cinsiyet, akademik ünvan, akademik alanda çalışma yılı, görev yaptıkları fakülte iken bağımlı değişken iklim değişikliği hakkındaki bilgi ve farkındalık idi. Veriler IBM SPSS Statistics 26 programı üzerinden Pearson Ki-Kare Testi ve Fisher’s Exact Test ile analiz edilmiştir. p

© 2022 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-FacialObjective: In this study, we created an animal model to demonstrate the effects of thiamine on the hearing pathways of new-borns during pregnancy and lactation by inducing a dietary thiamine deficiency in the mother. Methods: The study included 16 female Wistar albino rats. The animals were separated into four groups and provided the appropriate amounts of dietary thiamine according to their groups during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and lactation periods. Three pups from each mother were included in the study, and 12 pups were selected from each group. On the fortieth day after birth, the auditory pathways of 48 pups in the 4 groups were examined electro physiologically and ultra-structurally. Results: In Group N-N, morphology of hair cells stereocilia degeneration was not obtained in all turns of cochlea. In Group N-T, Inner Hair Cells (IHCs) and Outher Hair Cells (OHCs) stereocilia didn\"t show degeneration in all turns of cochlea but had rupture inrows of HCs stereocilia. In group T-N IHCs stereocilia less degeneration was observed in all turns of cochlea. OHC stereocilia partial loss was observed only in basal turn of cochlea. In Group T-T IHCs stereocilia was observed less degeneration and rupture in all turns of cochlea. Conclusion: Thiamine is vital for the development of cochlear hair cells during both prenatal and postnatal periods. Even partial deficiency of thiamine causes significant degeneration to the auditory pathway. Level of evidence: The level of evidence of this article is 5. This article is an experimental animal and laboratory study.

© 2022Valproate (VPA) and levetiracetam (LEV), the two broad spectrum antiseizure drugs with antiabsence effects were previously tested for their antiepileptogenic effects when administered in the early postnatal period and revealed possible modification of the epileptogenic process though the effect being not persistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of in utero exposure to these drugs on the absence epilepsy seizures of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) rats on electroencephalogram (EEG) which are characterised by bilateral, symmetrical, and synchronized spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs). Considering LEV was proposed as a safer drug of choice in pregnancy, its effects on the newborn histopathology of GAERS was also investigated. Adult female GAERS were randomly grouped as VPA-(400 mg/kg/day), LEV- (100 mg/kg/day), and saline-treated. The drugs were injected into the animals intraperitoneally starting before pregnancy until parturition. The lungs, kidneys, and brains of the LEV-exposed newborns were evaluated histologically to be compared with unexposed naïve Wistar and GAERS newborns. Rest of the VPA-, LEV-, and saline-exposed offsprings were taken for EEG recordings on postnatal day 90. VPA or LEV did not show significant effect on mean cumulative duration and mean number of SWDs on EEG. The lungs of the LEV-exposed offsprings showed thickened alveolar epithelium in most regions, suggesting incomplete development of the alveoli. The renal examination revealed dilated Bowman\"s spaces in some renal corpuscles, which may be interpreted as a deleterious effect of LEV on the kidney. In addition, brain examination of LEV- and saline-exposed groups revealed irregularities in cortical thickness compared to Wistar control group. Lack of significant difference on SWD parameters may indicate that the mechanism responsible for the antiepileptogenic effects of VPA and LEV may not be operating in the prenatal period. The detrimental effect of LEV exposure observed in our study on the lungs and the kidneys of the newborns should be investigated by further studies with advanced molecular and biochemical techniques.

Aim: Cardiac hepatopathy arises due to heart failure and influences has effects on heart recovery after myocardial infarction (MI).The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Erythropoietin (EPO) on liver tissue exposed to ischemia due to MI.Material and Methods: Experimental MI was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (CAL) and EPO or saline was injected immediately after CAL to five groups of rats, which groups are Control, Saline, EPO 5000, EPO 10000, CAL+1h. CAL+1h group was sacrificed one hour after CAL without any treatment. Other groups were sacrificed six hours after the operation. Liver tissues were examined histopathologically by Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining and electron microscopy. Results: Degenerative changes in liver tissue such as vacuolization, sinusoidal dilatation, hepatocyte pyknosis, Kuppfer cell activation were observed. Vacuolization, and sinusoidal dilatation increased in the Saline group compared to the control group (p=0.010 for both). Degenerated hepatocytes with pyknotic nuclei as well as activated Kuppfer cells were decreased in the EPO 10000 group compared to the Saline group (p=0.009), and activated Kupfer cells were decreased compared to the Saline and CAL+1h groups (p=0.035 and p=0.019, respectively).Conclusion: EPO protected liver tissue from histopathological damages regardless of dose, when given at the time of MI. EPO, when given immediately after MI, protected liver tissue from histopathological damage regardless of dose. Considering the mutual interaction of liver and heart, applying EPO to MI patients at first sight may prevent post-MI liver damage and contribute to the recovery of the heart., Amaç: Kardiyak hepatopati, kalp yetmezliğine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkar ve miyokard infarktüsü (MI) sonrası kalbin iyileşmesini etkiler. kalp dokusu iyileşmesi üzerinde etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, MI nedeniyle iskemiye maruz kalan karaciğer dokusu üzerinde Eritropoetinin (EPO) koruyucu etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sol ön inen koroner arter ligasyonu (KAL) ile deneysel MI oluşturuldu ve Kontrol, SF (serum fizyolojik), EPO 5000, EPO 10000, KAL+1s. olmak üzere beş grup sıçana KAL'dan hemen sonra EPO veya SF enjekte edildi: KAL+1s grubu KAL'dan bir saat sonra herhangi bir tedavi uygulanmadan sakrifiye edildi. Diğer gruplar, operasyondan altı saat sonra sakrifiye edildi. Karaciğer dokuları Hematoksilen Eozin (HE) boyama ve elektron mikroskobu ile histopatolojik olarak incelendi.Bulgular: Karaciğer dokusunda vakuolizasyon, sinüzoidal dilatasyon, hepatosit piknozu, Kuppfer hücre aktivasyonu gibi dejeneratif değişiklikler gözlendi. SF grubunda vakuolizasyon ve sinüzoidal dilatasyon Kontrol grubuna göre arttı (her ikisi için p=0,010). EPO 10000 grubunda piknotik çekirdekli dejenere hepatositler SF grubuna göre azalırken (p=0,009), ve aktive Kuppfer hücreleri SF ve KAL+1s gruplarına göre azaldı (sırasıyla p=0,035 ve p=0,019).Sonuç: EPO, MI sırasında meydana gelmesinden hemen sonra verildiğinde, dozdan bağımsız olarak karaciğer dokusunu histopatolojik hasarlanmadan korumuştur. Karaciğer ve kalbin karşılıklı etkileşimi göz önüne alındığında, MI hastalarına ilk görüşte EPO uygulanması, MI sonrası karaciğer hasarını önleyebilir ve kalbin iyileşmesine katkıda bulunabilir.

In this study, the effects of some process parameters on oil agglomeration performance of lignite were investigated using different reagent mixtures as bridging liquids. The organic solvent extraction reagents (with trade names of Dehpa, LIX 84-I, LIX 984 NC) and classical bridging liquids (kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil no.4) and their mixtures at different ratios were used as bridging liquids. The effects of bridging liquid type and concentration, solid ratio and agglomeration time were investigated and the results were analyzed on terms of yield, combustible recovery, and ash value. The optimum conditions were obtained using a mixture of 60% of fuel oil no.4 + 40% of diesel oil (wt.%), at a liquid concentration of 20% (wt.%), a solid ratio of 2% (wt.%) and an agglomeration time of 20-min. Under these conditions the maximum yield, combustible recovery, and minimum ash were achieved and were 70.22%, 77.65% and 9.99%, respectively. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

© 2021 European Journal of Biology. All rights reserved.Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of Momordica charantia L. (MoC) ethanolic extract on ulcerative colitis (UC) and was explored in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into control (C), saline-treated colitis (AA), MoC extract-treated colitis (AA+MoC), and sulfasalazine (SS)-treated colitis (AA+SS) groups. Colitis was induced by acetic acid. MoC extract, SS or saline were given to the related groups for 3 days. Interleukine-1β, malondialdehyde, glutathione levels, myeloperoxidase activity, bax/bcl-2 ratio, caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels were measured in colon and macroscopic and histopathologic examinations were done. Total phenolic/flavonoid content and biological activity of MoC were evaluated by in vitro analysis. Results: Compared to the control group, with acetic acid application interleukin-1β levels, myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde levels, bax/bcl-2 ratio, caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels were significantly upregulated, while glutathione levels were significantly decreased in the AA group. In contrast, MoC and SS treatments reduced interleukin-1β, malondialdehyde levels, myeloperoxidase activity, bax/bcl-2 ratio, and caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels. Glutathione levels increased upon MoC or SS treatment. Increased macroscopic and microscopic scoring with AA improved with MoC or SS treatment, but the MoC or SS treated groups had higher score values than the control. Also, in vitro results showed that MoC exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl and 2,2\"-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity as well as significant antilipoxygenase activity. In addition, MoC extract showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity compared to standard indomethacin. Conclusion: Our biochemical, in vitro and histopathologic analysis indicate that MoC is likely to prove beneficial in UC therapy.