Author: "K. Siwek Wilczyńska" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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129 results on '"K. Siwek Wilczyńska"'

1. Determination of N* amplitudes from associated strangeness production in p+p collisions

Author: R. Münzer, L. Fabbietti, E. Epple, S. Lu, P. Klose, F. Hauenstein, N. Herrmann, D. Grzonka, Y. Leifels, M. Maggiora, D. Pleiner, B. Ramstein, J. Ritman, E. Roderburg, P. Salabura, A. Sarantsev, Z. Basrak, P. Buehler, M. Cargnelli, R. Čaplar, H. Clement, O. Czerwiakowa, I. Deppner, M. Dželalija, W. Eyrich, Z. Fodor, P. Gasik, I. Gašparić, A. Gillitzer, Y. Grishkin, O.N. Hartmann, K.D. Hildenbrand, B. Hong, T.I. Kang, J. Kecskemeti, Y.J. Kim, M. Kirejczyk, M. Kiš, P. Koczon, R. Kotte, A. Lebedev, A. Le Fèvre, J.L. Liu, V. Manko, J. Marton, T. Matulewicz, K. Piasecki, F. Rami, A. Reischl, M.S. Ryu, P. Schmidt, Z. Seres, B. Sikora, K.S. Sim, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, V. Smolyankin, K. Suzuki, Z. Tymiński, P. Wagner, I. Weber, E. Widmann, K. Wiśniewski, Z.G. Xiao, T. Yamasaki, I. Yushmanov, P. Wintz, Y. Zhang, A. Zhilin, V. Zinyuk, and J. Zmeskal
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We present the first determination of the energy-dependent amplitudes of N⁎ resonances extracted from their decay in KΛ pairs in p+p→pK+Λ reactions. A combined Partial Wave Analysis of seven data samples with exclusively reconstructed p+p→pK+Λ events measured by the COSY-TOF, DISTO, FOPI and HADES Collaborations in fixed target experiments at kinetic energies between 2.14 to 3.5 GeV is used to determine the amplitude of the resonant and non-resonant contributions into the associated strangeness final state. The contribution of seven N⁎ resonances with masses between 1650 MeV/c2 and 1900 MeV/c2 for an excess energy between 0 and 600 MeV has been considered. The Σ–p cusp and final state interactions for the p–Λ channel are also included as coherent contributions in the PWA. The N⁎ contribution is found to be dominant with respect to the phase space emission of the pKΛ+ final state at all energies demonstrating the important role played by both N⁎ and interference effects in hadron–hadron collisions. Keywords: Partial wave analysis, Resonance, Hadrons, Strangeness, Scattering length, Hyperon–nucleon interaction
Published: 2018
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2. No chance for synthesis of super-heavy nuclei in fusion of symmetric systems

Author: T. Cap, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and J. Wilczyński
Subjects: Fusion-by-diffusion model, Super-heavy nuclei, Symmetric systems, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Predictions of relatively large cross sections (of about 1 picobarn) for synthesis of super heavy nuclei of Z=122 and Z=124 in cold fusion (1n) reactions of symmetric 154Sm + 150Nd and 154Sm + 154Sm systems by R.K. Choudhury and Y.K. Gupta (2014) [1] are examined. The authors state that this result had been obtained by using the fusion-by-diffusion (FBD) model. As predictions of the original FBD model of Swiatecki, Cap, Siwek-Wilczyńska and Wilczyński had been definitely pessimistic regarding fusion of more symmetric systems (in comparison with equivalent asymmetric systems), we feel compelled to present excitation functions of the 154Sm(150Nd, 1n)303122 and 154Sm(154Sm, 1n)307124 reactions, calculated within the original fusion-by-diffusion model. In accordance with our earlier predictions of a general trend of fusion hindrance for near-symmetric systems, the cross sections for synthesis of 303122 and 307124 nuclides in fusion of these two symmetric systems are found to be extremely small and probably never reachable: about 10−11 pb and 10−13 pb, respectively. It is shown that Choudhury and Gupta obtained their results (overestimating the cross sections by 11 and 13 orders of magnitude) as an effect of an arbitrary and physically unjustified interference in the FBD model.
Published: 2014
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3. Dynamical versus statistical production of Intermediate Mass Fragments at Fermi Energies

Author: G. Lanzalone, E. De Filippo, N. S. Martorana, Luis Acosta, E. Piasecki, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Triestino Minniti, F. Porto, Giuseppe Verde, B. Gnoffo, Lucrezia Auditore, E. V. Pagano, S. Pirrone, S. De Luca, Elio Rosato, Angelo Pagano, G. Politi, E. Geraci, C. Maiolino, T. Cap, Ivano Lombardo, M. Trimarchi, Antonio Trifiro, L. Quattrocchi, G. Cardella, Michele Papa, S. Norella, F. Rizzo, P. Russotto, J. Wilczynski, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, Order (ring theory), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Isospin, 0103 physical sciences, Content (measure theory), Production (computer science), Neutron, Atomic number, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: International audience; The emission probability of Intermediate Mass Fragments (IMFs) in non-central reactions has been investigated in collisions of heavy $^{124}\hbox {Xe}$ projectiles with the two different medium-mass targets of $^{64}\hbox {Ni}$ and $^{64}\hbox {Zn}$ at the laboratory energy of 35 A MeV. The two colliding systems differ only for the target atomic number Z and, consequently, for the isospin N/Z ratio. The probability of IMFs emission from the projectile-like fragment has been measured, showing an enhancement of the IMFs emission for the neutron rich $^{64}\hbox {Ni}$ target. Most of the observed projectile break-up yield is associated with the production of only one IMF, that is, a quasi-binary splitting of projectile in two fragments in a broad range of charge asymmetry. For the events with one IMF, the relative contributions of the dynamical and statistical emissions have been evaluated. We find an enhancement of dynamical break-up probability for the neutron rich target with respect to the neutron poor one. The analysis suggests influence of the target isospin in inducing the dynamical break-up of projectile-like fragments. The new data have been also compared with previous published results of $^{112,124}\hbox {Sn}$ + $^{58,64}\hbox {Ni}$ systems, in order to disentangle between isospin effects against system-size effects on the emission probability. The comparisons between previous and new data suggest that the dynamical break-up is determined by the N/Z content of both projectile and target; for the cases here investigated, the influence of the system size on the dynamical emission probability can be excluded.
Published: 2020

4. Nuclear neck-density determination at Fermi energy with CHIMERA detector

Author: Angelo Pagano, S. Pirrone, E. V. Pagano, Lucrezia Auditore, Michele Papa, P. Russotto, T. Cap, C. Maiolino, Antonio Trifiro, L. Quattrocchi, G. Politi, F. Rizzo, E. Piasecki, Luis Acosta, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, B. Gnoffo, F. Favela, Maria Colonna, Marina Trimarchi, E. Geraci, G. Cardella, E. De Filippo, N. S. Martorana, M. B. Chatterjee, and G. Lanzalone
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, Fermi energy, Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Isospin, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear fusion, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Nuclear density, media_common
Abstract: Binary collisions of either stable or radioactive heavy ions at Fermi energies allow to study the nuclear reaction mechanisms under dynamical conditions of non-equilibrium and the formation of transient pieces of nuclear matter of very short mean life times at sub-normal density. An important role in the evolutionary phase of the collision is played by the gradient of the nuclear density affecting the isospin asymmetry of the reaction products by typical transport phenomena such as the isospin diffusion and drift. Experimental determination of the value of the nuclear matter density in the early phase of the collision is a crucial step towards understanding the underlying mechanism responsible for the production of clusters. In this paper a method for evaluating the nuclear density in semi-peripheral collisions in the reaction $$^{124}Sn + ^{64}Ni$$ at 35 MeV/nucleon as studied with the CHIMERA multi-particle detector is described.
Published: 2020

5. Exploring the production of new superheavy nuclei with proton and α -particle evaporation channels

Author: M. Kowal, T. Cap, and K. Siwek-Wilczyńska
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, Nuclear Theory, Alpha particle, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclide, Atomic number, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Excitation
Abstract: Excitation functions for fusion-$xn$ evaporation reaction channels induced by $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ as well as by heavier projectiles (usually leading to smaller cross sections) on actinide targets were calculated in the framework of the fusion-by-diffusion (FBD) model. For the first time, in this approach, channels in which a proton ($pxn$) or alpha particle ($\ensuremath{\alpha}xn$) is evaporated have been included in the first step of the de-excitation cascade. To calculate the synthesis cross sections entry data such as fission barriers, ground-state masses, deformations, and shell effects of the superheavy nuclei calculated in a consistent way within the Warsaw macroscopic-microscopic model were used. The only adjustable parameter of the FBD model is the injection point distance ${s}_{inj}$. The systematics determined in our previous analysis of experimental cross sections for the synthesis of superheavy nuclei of $Z=114--118$ has been used. Excitation functions for the synthesis of selected (cross section above a few fb) new superheavy nuclides in the range of atomic numbers 112--120 are presented. Observation of 21 new heaviest isotopes is also predicted. A realistic discussion of the FBD model uncertainties is presented for the first time.
Published: 2019

6. Wide-acceptance measurement of the K−/K+ ratio from Ni+Ni collisions at 1.91A GeV

Author: Mile Dželalija, M. Korolija, A. Lebedev, Xavier Bernard Lopez, P. Koczon, Ivana Weber, A. Mangiarotti, Ralf Peter Averbeck, M. Merschmeyer, M. Kirejczyk, Anton Andronic, Johann Marton, Valerie Ramillien Barret, K. Wiśniewski, R. Kotte, Pascal Dupieux, A. Reischl, N. Herrmann, K. D. Hildenbrand, Laura Fabbietti, R. H. Munzer, Nicole Bastid, D. Pelte, H. S. Xu, I. E. Yushmanov, V. Simion, A. Le Fèvre, I. M. Deppner, Y. Leifels, Mladen Kiš, K. Suzuki, Jianli Liu, T. I. Kang, M. Berger, W. Reisdorf, Peter Wagner, Piotr Jan Gasik, Paul Buehler, T. Matulewicz, Z. Fodor, Vladislav Manko, Krzysztof Piasecki, Z. Seres, E. Widmann, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Mihai Petrovici, Igor Gašparić, O. Czerwiakowa, P. Crochet, Z. Basrak, Fouad Rami, P. Schmidt, J. Kecskemeti, K. S. Sim, A. Zhilin, B. Sikora, Roman Čaplar, Y. Grishkin, Johann Zmeskal, O. N. Hartmann, Byung-Sik Hong, V. Zinyuk, Zhigang Xiao, Michael Cargnelli, Yongsun Kim, M. L. Benabderrahmane, V. T. Smolyankin, M. S. Ryu, A. Schüttauf, Y. H. Zhang, E. Cordier, Gabriel Stoicea, and Z. Tyminski
Subjects: Physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Plane (geometry), Nuclear Theory, Kinetic energy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Synchrotron, Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Distribution (mathematics), law, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Polar coordinate system, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: The FOPI Collaboration at the GSI SIS-18 synchrotron measured charged kaons from central and semicentral collisions of Ni+Ni at a beam energy of 1.91A GeV. We present the distribution of the K−/K+ ratio on the energy vs polar angle plane in the nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass frame, with and without subtraction of the contribution of ϕ(1020) meson decays to the K− yield. The acceptance of the current experiment is substantially wider compared to the previous measurement of the same colliding system. The ratio of K− to K+ energy spectra is expected to be sensitive to the in-medium modifications of basic kaon properties like mass. Recent results obtained by the HADES Collaboration at 1.23A and 1.76A GeV indicate that after inclusion of the ϕ meson decay contribution to the K− production no difference between the slopes of the K− and K+ energy spectra is observed within uncertainties. For our data a linear fit to this ratio obtained after subtraction of the ϕ meson contribution still shows a decrease with kinetic energy, although a constant value cannot be rejected. The contribution of Λ(1520)→pK− decays estimated from fitting the thermal model to the experimental yields appears to be another factor of moderate relevance.
Published: 2019

7. Isospin effects on reaction dynamics at Fermi energies

Author: G. Lanzalone, Paolo Russotto, Erik Piasecki, F. Catara, Marina Trimarchi, S. Pirrone, E. G. Lanza, Marco La Commara, M.V. Andrés, E. V. Pagano, Giuseppe Politi, Lucia Quattrocchi, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Andrea Vitturi, A. Pagano, M. Papa, B. Gnoffo, G. Cardella, Shuhrat Kalandarov, N. S. Martorana, E. Geraci, Antonio D'Onofrio, Domenico Santonocito, Enrico De Filippo, C. Maiolino, Lucrezia Auditore, Maria Colonna, F. Rizzo, T. Cap, Antonio Trifiro, Luis Acosta, C. Beck, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Field (physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, QC1-999, Nuclear structure, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Symmetry (physics), Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Reaction dynamics, Isospin, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: International audience; The study of nuclei properties and of collision dynamics is a very active research field whose result have implications in different domains as for example astrophysics. The present and future facilities delivering radioactive ion beams with high intensity allow to extend these studies in the region far from the stability valley. New insight has thus been found on the effects of neutron richness on reaction mechanisms as well as on nuclear structure and nuclear matter properties, as for instance, the role of symmetry energy term of the nuclear Equation of State. The presence of diverse reaction products demands for highly performing and very specialized devices, also able to disentangle among different mechanisms, from fast dynamical processes to statistical emission from equilibrated sources. Numerous studies of the effects of N/Z ratio on fusion and associated processes can be found at different energies, together with many examples of the influence of neutron richness on the reaction time scale and the competition between equilibrated and prompt processes. A survey of very recent findings obtained with the CHIMERA and FARCOS devices is presented.
Published: 2018

8. Statistical against dynamical PLF fission as seen by the IMF-IMF correlation functions and comparisons with CoMD model

Author: M. Trimarchi, Luis Acosta, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Lucrezia Auditore, L. Quattrocchi, B. Gnoffo, P. Russotto, G. Cardella, A. Pagano, Maria Colonna, G. Politi, E. Geraci, F. Rizzo, E. De Filippo, N. S. Martorana, E. V. Pagano, A. Trifirò, S. Pirrone, G. Lanzalone, F. Porto, E. Piasecki, T. Cap, Michele Papa, and C. Maiolino
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, History, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, media_common.quotation_subject, Binary number, Charge (physics), Function (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Physics and Astronomy (all), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, media_common
Abstract: In nuclear reactions at Fermi energies two and multi particles intensity interferometry correlation methods are powerful tools in order to pin down the characteristic time scale of the emission processes. In this paper we summarize an improved application of the fragment-fragment correlation function in the specific physics case of heavy projectile-like (PLF) binary massive splitting in two fragments of intermediate mass(IMF). Results are shown for the reverse kinematics reaction 124 Sn+64 Ni at 35 AMeV that has been investigated by using the forward part of CHIMERA multi-detector. The analysis was performed as a function of the charge asymmetry of the observed couples of IMF. We show a coexistence of dynamical and statistical components as a function of the charge asymmetry. Transport CoMD simulations are compared with the data in order to pin down the timescale of the fragments production and the relevant ingredients of the in medium effective interaction used in the transport calculations.
Published: 2018

9. Signals for dynamical process from IMF-IMF correlation function

Author: S. Pirrone, K. Siwek Wilczyńska, G. Lanzalone, M. Trimarchi, E. Piasecki, E. De Filippo, Michele Papa, N. S. Martorana, F. Porto, C. Maiolino, M. Casolino, A. Pagano, E. Geraci, Lucrezia Auditore, P. Russotto, T. Cap, Antonio Trifiro, G. Politi, L. Quattrocchi, F. Rizzo, B. Gnoffo, L. Acosta, E. V. Pagano, and G. Cardella
Subjects: Physics, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Inverse kinematics, media_common.quotation_subject, Binary number, Fermi energy, Charge (physics), Function (mathematics), Statistical physics, Nuclear Experiment, Breakup, Asymmetry, media_common
Abstract: In this paper we briefly discuss about a novel application of the IMF- IMF correlation function in the physics case of heavy projectile-like (PLF) binary fission-like massive splitting in heavy ion collisions at Fermi energy. In particular, results are shown for the reverse kinematics reaction 124Sn+64Ni at 35 AMeV that has been investigated by using the forward part of CHIMERA multi-detector. Transport CoMD simulations are compared with the data. The main analysis was performed as a function of the charge asymmetry of the decay channel. The coexistence of dynamical and statistical components as a function of the charge asymmetry of the binary breakup is clearly evidenced. We show that the IMF-IMF correlation functions, when coupled with transport calculations, can be used to pin down the timescale of the fragments production and consequently the relevant ingredients of the in medium effective interaction. Efforts are being planned to extend the method to different reaction mechanisms and nuclear systems and, also, to compare the data with different transport theory simulations.
Published: 2017

10. Challenges in QCD matter physics --The scientific programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Author: V. Jakovlev, R. Talukdar, Alberica Toia, V.M. Golovatyuk, P. Ivanov, Abhijit Bhattacharyya, M. Kohn, Yu. Onishchuk, M. Tanha, Suman Sau, E. Friske, L. Kumar, A. Roy, Valerica Baban, Yaping Wang, V. Blinov, D. Svirida, Pradip Kumar Sahu, D. Dementiev, A. Gomez Ramirez, M. Petris, Ming Shao, D. Blau, Yu. P. Tsyupa, A. Rost, D. P. Mahapatra, Y. F. Ryabov, D. Wielanek, Anju Bhasin, C. Lara, Saikat Biswas, Shusu Shi, E. P. Akishina, F. Seck, V. Jain, Hongfang Chen, O. Malyatina, B. Komkov, I. Carevic, V. Baublis, Raghunath Sahoo, D. Normanov, Tetyana Galatyuk, S. Amar-Youcef, Cristian Andrei, Yu. I. Bocharov, A. Vorobiev, M. Strikhanov, Y. Leifels, O. Petukhov, A. Petrovici, Dezso Varga, Oana Ristea, W. Verhoeven, J. Sánchez Rosado, Victor Golovtsov, S. Belogurov, E. Kryshen, M. Dey, Johannes Lehrbach, Y. P. Viyogi, A. V. Kazantsev, A. Himmi, M. Anđelić, Oleg Bezshyyko, Cheng Li, A. Raportirenko, Xu Cai, C. Kreidl, Daniela Bartos, T. Balog, Volker Lindenstruth, A. Chaus, M. Mohisin Khan, Mate Csanad, J. Pluta, A. Senger, Matthias Balzer, Christoph Blume, H. Appelshäuser, Di Jiang, B. Kämpfer, A. Lymanets, I. Berceanu, S. Gorbunov, S. Sarangi, V. Pospíšil, N. Heine, A. Veshikov, Yuanjing Li, V. Kushpil, Ch. Klein-Bösing, I. Selyuzhenkov, S. Razin, Guofeng Song, D. Belyakov, G. Berezin, V. Kyva, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, K. Schmidt, V. Klochkov, Alla Maevskaya, P.-A. Loizeau, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, V.A. Karnaukhov, J. Bendarouach, C. Xiang, A.D. Sheremetiev, V. F. Chepurnov, Hr Schmidt, Zbigniew Sosin, M. Singla, I. Momot, O. Andreeva, I. Alexandrov, R. N. Singaraju, S. Avdeev, Evgeny Alexandrov, R. Płaneta, Gennady Ososkov, D. Hutter, A. Reinefeld, C.J. Schmidt, Andrei Dorokhov, Vikram Patel, K.-H. Becker, N. Kurepin, E. Lebedeva, C. P. Singh, Y. K. Sun, K. Jaaskelainen, Andras Szabo, J. Rożynek, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, V. S. Negi, Krzysztof Piasecki, W. F. J. Müller, M. Baznat, N. Miftakhov, Feng Liu, N. Ahmad, L. Skoda, G. D. Kekelidze, Vladimir Ivanov, Krzysztof Kasinski, Xi-Wei Wang, D. Miskowiec, Serguei Volkov, Sudhir Raniwala, I. Tsakov, A. Nedosekin, Peter Senger, T. Barczyk, S. Dubnichka, C. Ristea, N.G. Tuturas, E. V. Atkin, D. Karmanov, W. Zabolotny, Tatiana Karavicheva, Subhasis Samanta, Yu.V. Zanevsky, S. Bähr, O. Batenkov, M. Petrovici, B. Milanovic, Muhammad Farooq, R. Karabowicz, I. Vassiliev, P. Staszel, Sheng Dong, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, P. Koczon, Goutam Gangopadhyay, P. Zumbruch, Vladimir Plujko, Y. Berdnikov, Shue He, Volodymyr Vovchenko, V. Mialkovski, W. Zipper, T. Bus, O. Tarassenkova, S. K. Sahu, V. Militsija, Yu. Zaitsev, C. Müntz, S. K. Ghosh, Sushanta Tripathy, E. Rostchin, V. Shumikhin, I. Fröhlich, I. Panasenko, A. Laso Garcia, L. Dutka, Yu.S. Anisimov, B. Linnik, T. Tischler, A. Ivashkin, R. Kotte, Calin Besliu, T. Akishina, Rashmi Raniwala, Sheng Zheng, K. Koch, J. Kunkel, A. Shabunov, E. Lobanova, Wojciech Kucewicz, T. Breitner, M. Al-Turany, R. P. Adak, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, S. Masciocchi, Zhongbao Yin, Xinjie Huang, Jens Wiechula, Nu Xu, I. Kisel, Christian Sturm, T. Mahmoud, V. Kalinin, A. Abuhoza, Mohd Danish Azmi, P. Zrelov, Jing Zhou, M. Dželalija, C. Deveaux, M. Goffe, Ke-Jun Wu, S. Strohauer, S. Bashir, D. Argintaru, B. Heß, A. Turowiecki, M. B. Golubeva, F. Ahmad, S. Gläßel, V. Plotnikov, Manuel Penschuck, Supriya Das, Grzegorz Kasprowicz, Vladislav Manko, O. Vasylyev, D. Kresan, L. Kudin, Yu. V. Gusakov, Dongdong Hu, Vladimir Nikulin, M. Ivanov, D. Gottschalk, Karl-Heinz Kampert, A. Kolosova, G. Caragheorgheopol, K. Dey, K. Mikhailov, Anand Kumar Dubey, J. Scholten, S. P. D. Figuli, T. Blank, Ajit Kumar, Vladimir Peshekhonov, Igor Pshenichnov, E. Badura, Michael Deveaux, I. Rostovtseva, M. Kiš, Jürgen Becker, Evgeny Karpechev, B. W. Kolb, Valery Pugatch, Xiaofeng Luo, I. Som, E. Ovcharenko, F.F. Guber, H. Büsching, H. Cherif, N. R. Panda, Zubayer Ahammed, R. Najman, Fouad Rami, M. Gumiński, J. Pieper, Jerzy Gajda, G. Kozlov, H. Jahan, A. Drozd, V. Butuzov, Joachim Stroth, I. K. Yoo, Thomas Janson, M. Petri, R. Holzmann, D. Finogeev, S. Golovnya, Ping Cao, E. Malankin, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, L. Meder, Junfeng Yang, Lei Zhao, C. Simon, S. Kuznetsov, I. Valin, M. Zyzak, H. Hartmann, T. Satława, Yi Wang, Anton Andronic, Daicui Zhou, Zebo Tang, M. Prokudin, V. Saveliev, Qiyan Li, I. M. Deppner, Mahitosh Mandal, F. Uhlig, J. A. Lucio Martínez, J. Book, L. Mik, S. Schatral, S. K. Pal, A. Petrovskiy, J. Pietraszko, B. Debnath, E. Usenko, O. Svoboda, Gy. Wolf, V.V. Elsha, J. Lehnert, Pengfei Lyu, S. Seddiki, Peter Fischer, Huanhuan Fan, D. Doering, J. Frühauf, C. Wendisch, Yu Zhang, V. Kozlov, P. Tlustý, Piotr Otfinowski, N. Baranova, Sergey Kiselev, J. Rautenberg, Dmitry Mal'kevich, I. Kadenko, I. Lobanov, Mikhail Zhalov, A. Rodriguez Rodriguez, D. Emschermann, Vikas Singhal, Pavel Akishin, M. Bach, P. Kravtsov, X. Zhu, C. Nandi, I. Korolko, Rongxing Yang, E. Nandy, D. Ivanischev, Anil Prakash, A. Semennikov, I. E. Yushmanov, S. Parzhitskiy, M. Vznuzdaev, A. Khvorostukhin, A. Kiryakov, Soma Mukherjee, LuYao Chen, M. Pugach, Piotr Kmon, J. Gebelein, V. Kleipa, C. Bergmann, Kai Schweda, S. Rabtsun, Victor Ivanov, Tivadar Kiss, M. Dreschmann, I. G. Alekseev, A. K. Kurilkin, A. Volochniuk, E. Krebs, A. Lebedev, V. Kramarenko, N. Topil'skaya, S. Das, S. Lebedev, S. Querchfeld, Madan M. Aggarwal, N.I. Zamiatin, Amrendra K. Singh, Swagata Mandal, A. Khanzadeev, C. Simons, Gilles Claus, U. Frankenfeld, V.V. Ivanov, A. Chernogorov, Pascal Dillenseger, V. Dobyrn, Z. Dubnichkova, S. Löchner, Bhartendu K. Singh, S. Ahmad, Rishat Sultanov, J. Kallunkathariyil, A. Wieloch, T. Matulewicz, R. Berendes, A. Shabanov, Saniya Khan, V. Friese, Anik Gupta, L. Kochenda, M. Kirejczyk, Pavel Kisel, Amlan Chakrabarti, Ashwini Kumar, Michal Koziel, A. Berdnikov, A. Sadovsky, T. O. Ablyazimov, S. Mahajan, M. Merkin, Robert Szczygiel, C. Pauly, Krzysztof Poźniak, F. Roether, Alexey Kurepin, Alexander Voronin, A. Bubak, Nikolai Shumeiko, Nicolas Winckler, A. V. Kryanev, Andrey Reshetin, A. Simakov, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, E. M. Ilgenfritz, B. Sikora, Jihye Song, J. Hehner, Zhi Deng, M. Irfan, J. Saini, S. A. Lone, L. Naumann, D. Eschweiler, A. M. Marin Garcia, P. Kähler, O. Derenovskaya, A.P. Ierusalimov, Alexandru Jipa, K. Agarwal, T. Tolyhi, H. Malygina, Xingming Fan, Amalia Pop, Dmitry Golubkov, E. M. Verbitskaya, L. Radulescu, Ryszard S. Romaniuk, D. Pfeifer, Yifei Zhang, Rajarshi Ray, V. Zryuev, M. Teklishyn, M. Träger, S. Morozov, H. Flemming, A. Oancea, A. Wilms, P. Ghosh, A. Grzeszczuk, V. Mikhaylov, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Ankhi Roy, Sanguk Won, Vladimir Samsonov, T. Esanu, V. Akishina, D.V. Peshekhonov, A.I. Zinchenko, M. Żoładź, Xin Li, I. Sibiryak, J. Wüstenfeld, Aleksey Voronin, M. Korolev, Guangming Huang, A. Kugler, E. Kaptur, J. Michel, J. Tarasiuk, Manjit Kaur, A. Bychkov, F. Lemke, Bekhzod S Yuldashev, T. K. Bhattacharyya, S. Gorokhov, F. Schintke, P. Klaus, Adrian Byszuk, Ionel Lazanu, Dong Wang, Michael Dürr, M. Krieger, H. Deppe, Sibaji Raha, O. Sander, S. Kowalski, K. Wiśniewski, Alexander Malakhov, I. Filozova, Shengqin Feng, M. Calin, S. Reinecke, V. Kucher, M. Weber, A. Kovalchuk, V. Petráček, M. Adamczyk, K.K. Gudima, Johannes Peter Wessels, P. Sitzmann, J. Markert, V. K. Eremin, Alexandru Bercuci, Marc Winter, Mateusz Baszczyk, M.I. Ciobanu, E. Bao, M. Kuc, U. Brüning, O. V. Fateev, Piotr Maj, J. de Cuveland, M. G. Târzilă, Pavel Larionov, R. Averbeck, Jianping Cheng, Jacek Rauza, C. E. Muñoz Castillo, N. D'Ascenzo, O. Bertini, Wendi Deng, G. Kretschmar, I. Skwira-Chalot, W. Niebur, K. Oh, V. P. Ladygin, T. Morhardt, C. Höhne, M. G. Wiebusch, Partha Pratim Bhaduri, Dong Han, Oleg Karavichev, N. Herrmann, R. Visinka, F. Constantin, C. García Chávez, J. Brzychczyk, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, D. Soyk, V. V. Kirakosyan, W. Koenig, D. Bertini, Z. Majka, F. Khasanov, J. Eschke, P. Gryboś, E. Lavrik, V. Cătănescu, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, P. K. Kurilkin, J.M. Heuser, Adeel Akram, Yu. Murin, Alexander Akindinov, A. K. Bhati, I. Kres, J. Förtsch, Rafal Kleczek, Jiajun Zheng, S. Manz, T. K. Nayak, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CBM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: J/psi(3100), Phase transition, matter: interaction, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, hypernucleus, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Critical point (thermodynamics), transport theory, hadron: gas, Nuclear Experiment, neutron star, QCD matter, Brookhaven RHIC Coll, quark gluon: plasma, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, fireball, elliptic flow, strong interaction, Observable, heavy ion, CERN LHC Coll, QCD matter, Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP), QCD phase diagram, strong interaction, hadronic matter, partonic matte, heavy-ion, 2-4.9 GeV/nucleon, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, CBM, charmonium, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Strong interaction, review, nonperturbative, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], symmetry: chiral, quantum chromodynamics: critical phenomena, strangeness, 0103 physical sciences, density: high, Darmstadt GSI FAIR, structure, 010306 general physics, equation of state, quantum chromodynamics: matter, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, nucleus, temperature: high, baryon, Neutron star, Automatic Keywords, HADES, charm
Abstract: International audience; Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 ( $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 2.7--4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials ( $\mu_B > 500$ MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation of state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2024, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.
Published: 2017

11. CBM Collaboration

Author: T. Ablyazimov, A. Abuhoza, R. Adak, J. Adamczewski-Musch, M. Adamczyk, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, F. Ahmad, N. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, A. Akindinov, P. Akishin, E. Akishina, T. Akishina, V. Akishina, M. Al-Turany, E. Alexandrov, I. Alexandrov, S. Amar-Youcef, M. Anđelić, O. Andreeva, C. Andrei, A. Andronic, Yu. Anisimov, H. Appelshäuser, A. Arend, D. Argintaru, E. Atkin, S. Avdeev, R. Averbeck, M.D. Azmi, V. Baban, M. Bach, E. Badura, S. Baginyan, T. Balle, T. Balog, S. Bandyopadhyay, P. Banerjee, N. Baranova, T. Barczyk, D. Bartoş, S. Bashir, Z. Basrak, M. Baszczyk, O. Batenkov, V. Baublis, C. Baumann, M. Baznat, K.-H. Becker, T. Bel, S. Belogurov, J. Bendarouach, I. Berceanu, A. Bercuci, E. Berdermann, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikov, R. Berendes, C. Bergmann, D. Bertini, O. Bertini, C. Beşliu, O. Bezshyyko, P.P. Bhaduri, A. Bhasin, A.K. Bhati, B. Bhattacharjee, A. Bhattacharyya, T.K. Bhattacharyya, S. Biswas, D. Blau, C. Blume, Yu. Bocharov, S. Böttger, M. Borysova, T. Breitner, U. Brüning, J. Brzychczyk, A. Bubak, H. Büsching, A. Bychkov, A. Byszuk, Xu Cai, M. Cãlin, Ping Cao, R. Čaplar, G. Caragheorgheopol, I. Carević, V. Cătănescu, A. Chakrabarti, S. Chatterji, Sanatan Chattopadhyay, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Hongfang Chen, Jianping Cheng, V. Chepurnov, S. Chernenko, A. Chernogorov, Kyung-Eon Choi, M.I. Ciobanu, G. Claus, F. Constantin, V. Covlea, M. Csanád, N. D'Ascenzo, S. Das, K. Davkov, V. Davkov, J. de Cuveland, B. Debnath, D. Dementiev, Zhi Deng, H. Deppe, I. Deppner, O. Derenovskaya, C.A. Deveaux, M. Deveaux, K. Dey, M. Dey, P. Dillenseger, V. Dobyrn, D. Doering, A. Dorokhov, A. Drozd, A.K. Dubey, S. Dubnichka, A. Dubnichkova, M. Dürr, W. Dulinski, L. Dutka, M. Dželalija, D. Emschermann, H. Engel, V. Eremin, T. Eşanu, J. Eschke, D. Eschweiler, Jongsik Eum, Huanhuan Fan, O. Fateev, I. Filozova, D. Finogeev, P. Fischer, H. Flemming, U. Frankenfeld, V. Friese, E. Friske, I. Fröhlich, J. Frühauf, Á. Fülöp, J. Gajda, T. Galatyuk, A. Galkin, V. Galkin, G. Gangopadhyay, C. García Chávez, I. Gašparić, J. Gebelein, P. Ghosh, S.K. Ghosh, M. Goffe, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, V. Golovatyuk, S. Golovnya, V. Golovtsov, M. Golubeva, D. Golubkov, A. Gómez Ramírez, S. Gorbunov, S. Gorokhov, D. Gottschalk, P. Gryboś, A. Grzeszczuk, F. Guber, K. Gudima, A. Gupta, Yu. Gusakov, A. Haldar, S. Haldar, H. Hartmann, J. Hehner, K. Heidel, N. Heine, E. Hellbär, A. Herghelegiu, N. Herrmann, B. Heß, J.M. Heuser, A. Himmi, C. Höhne, R. Holzmann, Guangming Huang, Xinjie Huang, J. Hutsch, D. Hutter, E. Iakovleva, A. Ierusalimov, E.-M. Ilgenfritz, M. Irfan, M. Ivanov, Valery Ivanov, Victor Ivanov, Vladimir Ivanov, A. Ivashkin, K. Jaaskelainen, H. Jahan, V. Jain, V. Jakovlev, T. Janson, A. Jipa, I. Kadenko, B. Kämpfer, S. Kalcher, V. Kalinin, K.-H. Kampert, Tae Im Kang, E. Kaptur, R. Karabowicz, O. Karavichev, T. Karavicheva, D. Karmanov, V. Karnaukhov, E. Karpechev, K. Kasiński, G. Kasprowicz, M. Kaur, A. Kazantsev, U. Kebschull, G. Kekelidze, M.M. Khan, S.A. Khan, A. Khanzadeev, F. Khasanov, A. Khvorostukhin, V. Kirakosyan, M. Kirejczyk, A. Kiryakov, M. Kiš, I. Kisel, P. Kisel, S. Kiselev, A. Kiss, T. Kiss, P. Klaus, R. Kłeczek, Ch. Klein-Bösing, V. Kleipa, P. Kmon, K. Koch, L. Kochenda, P. Koczoń, W. König, M. Kohn, B.W. Kolb, A. Kolosova, B. Komkov, J.M. Kopfer, M. Korolev, I. Korolko, R. Kotte, A. Kotynia, A. Kovalchuk, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, G. Kozlov, P. Kravtsov, E. Krebs, C. Kreidl, D. Kresan, G. Kretschmar, M. Kretz, M. Krieger, E. Kryshen, W. Kucewicz, L. Kudin, A. Kugler, I. Kulakov, J. Kunkel, A. Kurepin, P. Kurilkin, V. Kushpil, V. Kyva, V. Ladygin, C. Lara, P. Larionov, A. Laso Garcia, E. Lavrik, I. Lazanu, A. Lebedev, S. Lebedev, E. Lebedeva, J. Lehnert, J. Lehrbach, F. Lemke, Cheng Li, Jin Li, Qiyan Li, Yuanjing Li, Yulan Li, V. Lindenstruth, S. Linev, B. Linnik, E. Litvinenko, Feng Liu, I. Lobanov, E. Lobanova, S. Löchner, P.-A. Loizeau, J.A. Lucio Martínez, A. Lymanets, A. Maevskaya, S. Mahajan, D.P. Mahapatra, T. Mahmoud, P. Maj, Z. Majka, A. Malakhov, E. Malankin, D. Malkevich, O. Malyatina, H. Malygina, S. Mandal, V. Manko, S. Manz, V. Marin, A.M. Marin Garcia, J. Markert, S. Masciocchi, T. Matulewicz, M. Merkin, V. Mialkovski, J. Michel, N. Miftakhov, K. Mikhailov, V. Mikhaylov, B. Milanović, V. Militsija, M.F. Mir, D. Miskowiec, T. Morhardt, W.F.J. Müller, C. Müntz, Yu. Murin, R. Najman, L. Naumann, T. Nayak, A. Nedosekin, B. Neumann, W. Niebur, V. Nikulin, D. Normanov, M. Nüssle, A. Oancea, Kunsu Oh, Y. Onishchuk, D. Osipov, G. Ososkov, D. Ossetski, P. Otfinowski, E. Ovcharenko, S. Pal, I. Panasenko, N.R. Panda, S. Parzhitskiy, C. Pauly, Haiping Peng, I. Peric, D. Peshekhonov, V. Peshekhonov, V. Petráček, M. Petriş, A. Petrovici, M. Petrovici, A. Petrovskiy, O. Petukhov, K. Piasecki, J. Pieper, J. Pietraszko, R. Płaneta, E. Plekhanov, V. Plotnikov, V. Plujko, J. Pluta, V. Poliakov, P. Polozov, A. Pop, V. Popov, V. Pospisil, B.V.K.S. Potukuchi, J. Pouryamout, K. Poźniak, A. Prakash, M. Prokudin, I. Pshenichnov, M. Pugach, V. Pugatch, S. Querchfeld, L. Radulescu, S. Raha, W. Raja, F. Rami, R. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, A. Raportirenko, J. Rautenberg, J. Rauza, R. Ray, S. Razin, P. Reichelt, S. Reinecke, A. Reshetin, C. Ristea, O. Ristea, F. Roether, R. Romaniuk, A. Rost, E. Rostchin, I. Rostovtseva, A. Roy, J. Rożynek, Yu. Ryabov, V. Rykalin, A. Sadovsky, S. Sadovsky, R. Sahoo, P.K. Sahu, J. Saini, S. Samanta, S.S. Sambyal, V. Samsonov, J. Sánchez Rosado, S. Sau, V. Saveliev, S. Schatral, C. Schiaua, C.J. Schmidt, H.R. Schmidt, K. Schmidt, K. Schweda, A. Scurtu, F. Seck, S. Seddiki, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Semennikov, A. Senger, P. Senger, A. Shabunov, Ming Shao, M.K. Sharma, N. Shumeiko, V. Shumikhin, B. Sikora, A. Simakov, C. Simon, C. Simons, R.N. Singaraju, A.K. Singh, B.K. Singh, C.P. Singh, V. Singhal, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, L. Škoda, I. Skwira-Chalot, I. Som, Jihye Song, I. Sorokin, Z. Sosin, D. Soyk, P. Staszel, A. Stavinskiy, E. Stephan, D. Storozhyk, M. Strikhanov, S. Strohauer, J. Stroth, C. Sturm, R. Sultanov, Yongjie Sun, O. Svoboda, R. Szczygieł, R. Talukdar, Zebo Tang, M. Tanha, J. Tarasiuk, O. Tarassenkova, M.-G. Târzilă, V. Tiflov, T. Tischler, P. Tlustý, A. Toia, T. Tolyhi, N. Topil'skaya, C. Trageser, P. Trivedy, I. Tsakov, Yu. Tsyupa, A. Turowiecki, F. Uhlig, E. Usenko, I. Valin, T. Vasiliev, I. Vassiliev, E. Verbitskaya, W. Verhoeven, A. Veshikov, R. Visinka, Y.P. Viyogi, S. Volkov, Yu. Volkov, A. Vorobiev, A. Voronin, V. Vovchenko, E. Vznuzdaev, M. Vznuzdaev, Dong Wang, Yaping Wang, Wang Yi, C. Wendisch, J.P. Wessels, M. Wiebusch, J. Wiechula, B. Wiedemann, D. Wielanek, A. Wieloch, N. Winckler, M. Winter, K. Wiśniewski, D. Wohlfeld, Gy. Wolf, Won Sanguk, J. Wüstenfeld, Changzhou Xiang, Xu Nu, Jun-Gyu Yi, Zhongbao Yin, In-Kwon Yoo, Qian Yue, B. Yuldashev, I. Yushmanov, W. Zabołotny, Yu. Zaitsev, Yu. Zanevsky, M. Zhalov, Ya Peng Zhang, Yifei Zhang, Daicui Zhou, Xianglei Zhu, A. Zinchenko, W. Zipper, M. Żoładź, P. Zrelov, V. Zryuev, P. Zumbruch, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published: 2014

12. SiΛvio: A trigger for Λ-hyperons

Author: Z. Fodor, A. Lebedev, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Xavier Bernard Lopez, P. Koczon, Z. Basrak, Xiang Yang Zhang, Vladislav Manko, K. Wiśniewski, Fouad Rami, Mihai Petrovici, K. Suzuki, Anton Andronic, T. Yamazaki, W. Reisdorf, Valerie Ramillien Barret, P. Gasik, I. Carevic, T. I. Kang, Eberhard Widmann, J. L. Liu, Y. Leifels, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Zhilin, Paul Kienle, P. Schmidt, A. Reischl, K. S. Sim, Johann Marton, Pascal Dupieux, Y. Grishkin, O. N. Hartmann, V. Charviakova, Ralf Peter Averbeck, Z. Tyminski, N. Herrmann, K. D. Hildenbrand, J. Zmeskal, Igor Gašparić, J. Kecskemeti, M. Kirejczyk, M. Berger, R. H. Munzer, B. Sikora, Paul Buehler, Nicole Bastid, Z. Seres, I. Deppner, Krzysztof Piasecki, A. Schüttauf, R. Čaplar, M. Dželalija, M. Kiš, V. T. Smolyankin, M. S. Ryu, Michael Cargnelli, Zhigang Xiao, Yongsun Kim, M. L. Benabderrahmane, P. Wagner, R. Kotte, V. Simion, T. Matulewicz, P. Crochet, V. Zinyuk, Laura Fabbietti, and I. E. Yushmanov
Subjects: Physics, silicon, Mesytec, APV25, MIPS, Λ, trigger, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Silicon, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Hyperon, chemistry.chemical_element, Lambda-hyperons, 01 natural sciences, Vertex (geometry), Nuclear physics, Si Lambda vio, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation
Abstract: As online trigger for events containing Λ hyperons in p+p collisions at 3.1 GeV a silicon-based device has been designed and built. This system has been integrated close to the target region within the FOPI spectrometer at GSI and was also employed as a tracking device to improve the vertex reconstruction of secondary decays. The design of the detector components, read-out, the trigger capability as well as the tracking performance are presented. An enrichment factor of about 14 was achieved for events containing a Λ-hyperon candidate.
Published: 2014

13. Correlations between emission timescale of fragments and isospin dynamics in ^{124}Sn+^{64}Ni and ^{112}Sn+^{58}Ni reactions at 35A MeV

Author: E. De Filippo, A. Pagano, P. Russotto, F. Amorini, A. Anzalone, L. Auditore, V. Baran, I. Berceanu, B. Borderie, R. Bougault, M. Bruno, T. Cap, G. Cardella, S. Cavallaro, M. B. Chatterjee, A. Chbihi, M. Colonna, M. D'Agostino, R. Dayras, M. Di Toro, J. Frankland, E. Galichet, W. Gawlikowicz, E. Geraci, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzalone, G. Lanzanò, N. Le Neindre, C. Maiolino, M. Papa, E. Piasecki, S. Pirrone, R. Płaneta, G. Politi, A. Pop, F. Porto, M. F. Rivet, F. Rizzo, K. Schmidt, K. Siwek Wilczyńska, I. Skwira Chalot, A. Trifirò, M. Trimarchi, G. Verde, J. P. Wieleczko, J. Wilczyński, L. Zetta, W. Zipper, LOMBARDO, IVANO, ROSATO, ELIO, VIGILANTE, MARIANO, E. De Filippo, A. Pagano, P. Russotto, F. Amorini, A. Anzalone, L. Auditore, V. Baran, I. Berceanu, B. Borderie, R. Bougault, M. Bruno, T. Cap, G. Cardella, S. Cavallaro, M. B. Chatterjee, A. Chbihi, M. Colonna, M. D'Agostino, R. Dayra, M. Di Toro, J. Frankland, E. Galichet, W. Gawlikowicz, E. Geraci, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzalone, G. Lanzanò, N. Le Neindre, I. Lombardo, C. Maiolino, M. Papa, E. Piasecki, S. Pirrone, R. Płaneta, G. Politi, A. Pop, F. Porto, M. F. Rivet, F. Rizzo, E. Rosato, K. Schmidt, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, I. Skwira-Chalot, A. Trifirò, M. Trimarchi, G. Verde, M. Vigilante, J. P. Wieleczko, J. Wilczyński, L. Zetta, W. Zipper, E., De Filippo, A., Pagano, P., Russotto, F., Amorini, A., Anzalone, L., Auditore, V., Baran, I., Berceanu, B., Borderie, R., Bougault, M., Bruno, T., Cap, G., Cardella, S., Cavallaro, M. B., Chatterjee, A., Chbihi, M., Colonna, M., D'Agostino, R., Dayra, M., Di Toro, J., Frankland, E., Galichet, W., Gawlikowicz, E., Geraci, A., Grzeszczuk, P., Guazzoni, S., Kowalski, E., La Guidara, G., Lanzalone, G., Lanzanò, N., Le Neindre, Lombardo, Ivano, C., Maiolino, M., Papa, E., Piasecki, S., Pirrone, R., Płaneta, G., Politi, A., Pop, F., Porto, M. F., Rivet, F., Rizzo, Rosato, Elio, K., Schmidt, K., Siwek Wilczyńska, I., Skwira Chalot, A., Trifirò, M., Trimarchi, G., Verde, Vigilante, Mariano, J. P., Wieleczko, J., Wilczyński, L., Zetta, and W., Zipper
Subjects: timescale, isospin, semiperipheral collisions, intermediate mass fragment, isospin migration, HEAVY ION REACTIONS, emission timescale, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment, fragment emission
Abstract: We present a new experimental method to correlate the isotopic composition of intermediate mass fragments (IMF) emitted at midrapidity in semiperipheral collisions with the emission timescale: IMFs emitted in the early stage of the reaction show larger values of (N/Z) isospin asymmetry, stronger angular anisotropies, and reduced odd-even staggering effects in neutron to proton ratio (N/Z) distributions than those produced in sequential statistical emission. All these effects support the concept of isospin “migration”, that is sensitive to the density gradient between participant and quasispectator nuclear matter, in the so called neck fragmentation mechanism. By comparing the data to a stochastic mean ﬁeld (SMF) simulation we show that this method gives valuable constraints on the symmetry energy term of nuclear equation of state at subsaturation densities. An indication emerges for a linear density dependence of the symmetry energy.
Published: 2012

14. Sensitivity of N/Z ratio in projectile break-up of isobaric systems

Author: T. Cap, L. Quattrocchi, Giuseppe Verde, E. V. Pagano, S. Pirrone, E. Piasecki, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, G. Lanzalone, M. Trimarchi, G. Marquínez-Durán, Michele Papa, L. Acosta, Maria Colonna, F. Porto, A. Pagano, C. Maiolino, Lucrezia Auditore, B. Gnoffo, F. Rizzo, V. Baran, Mariano Vigilante, A. Trifirò, Ivano Lombardo, P. Russotto, J. Wilczyński, G. Politi, Triestino Minniti, S. Norella, G. Cardella, L. Francalanza, Elio Rosato, E. De Filippo, Greco, V., De Filippo, E., Pagano, A., Russotto, P., Acosta, L., Auditore, L., Baran, V., Cap, T., Cardella, G., Colonna, M., Francalanza, L., Gnoffo, B., Lanzalone, G., Lombardo, I., Marquínez-Durán, G., Maiolino, C., Minniti, T., Norella, S., Pagano, E. V., Papa, M., Piasecki, E., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Quattrocchi, L., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Verde, G., Vigilante, M., Siwek-Wilczyńska, K., and Wilczyński, J.
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Fission, Chemistry, Physics, QC1-999, Nuclear Theory, Physics and Astronomy (all), Isotopes of tin, Isotopes of xenon, Isobaric process, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Radioactive decay
Abstract: The binary break-up of projectile-like fragments in non central heavy-ion collisions follows different decay patterns, from equilibrated emission towards dynamical (prompt) fission. Recently, comparing two systems with different N/Z in the entrance channel, it has been shown that the dynamical emission cross-section is enhanced for the most neutron rich system while the statistical emission cross-section is independent from the isotopic composition. In order to understand this dependence and disentangle it from the initial size of the nuclei, we have studied the two isobaric systems 124 Xe +64 Zn and 124 Xe +64 Ni at 35 A MeV (InKiIsSy experiment), in comparison with the previous studied reactions (124 Sn +64 Ni and 112 Sn +58 Ni ) at the same bombarding energy. We present the first results evidencing a striking similar effect in the dynamical decay as a function of the N/Z of the target for equal size systems.
Published: 2016

15. Strange meson production in Al plus Al collisions at 1.9 AGeV

Author: K. S. Sim, Michael Cargnelli, Fouad Rami, Jianli Liu, I. M. Deppner, J. Zmeskal, Xavier Bernard Lopez, P. Koczon, K. Wiśniewski, Byung-Sik Hong, Anton Andronic, R. Čaplar, Y. Leifels, I. Weber, Vladislav Manko, Peter Wagner, Paul Buehler, I. E. Yushmanov, V. Simion, Pascal Dupieux, O. Czerwiakowa, Mihai Petrovici, Ralf Peter Averbeck, A. Lebedev, Z. Basrak, A. Zhilin, P. Crochet, V. T. Smolyankin, K. Suzuki, T. I. Kang, Johann Marton, T. Matulewicz, M. Berger, M. S. Ryu, E. Widmann, Laura Fabbietti, Z. Fodor, R. Kotte, Z. Seres, M. L. Benabderrahmane, N. Herrmann, K. D. Hildenbrand, A. Le Fèvre, P. Schmidt, O. N. Hartmann, A. Schüttauf, V. Zinyuk, Y. Grishkin, B. Sikora, M. Kirejczyk, M. Kiš, R. H. Munzer, Nicole Bastid, Zhigang Xiao, Yongsun Kim, Krzysztof Piasecki, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, W. Reisdorf, Piotr Jan Gasik, Y. H. Zhang, Z. Tyminski, M. Dželalija, Igor Gašparić, J. Kecskemeti, Valerie Ramillien Barret, A. Reischl, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FOPI, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont ( LPC ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA )
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson production, Meson, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Inverse, threshold: production, heavy-ion collisions, sis energies, antikaon production, kaon production, detector, matter, fopi, anisotropy, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Kinetic energy, K+, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, K: yield, K, beam: energy, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, transport theory, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 010306 general physics, Anisotropy, Nuclear Experiment, Line (formation), Physics, energy: kinetic, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Phi(1020), nucleus nucleus: scattering, meson: decay, Yield (chemistry), K: production, aluminum, slope, Production (computer science), High Energy Physics::Experiment, strange meson: production
Abstract: The production of K$^+$, K$^-$ and $\varphi$(1020) mesons is studied in Al+Al collisions at a beam energy of 1.9A GeV which is close or below the production threshold in NN reactions. Inverse slopes, anisotropy parameters, and total emission yields of K$^{\pm}$ mesons are obtained. A comparison of the ratio of kinetic energy distributions of K$^-$ and K$^+$ mesons to the HSD transport model calculations suggests that the inclusion of the in-medium modifications of kaon properties is necessary to reproduce the ratio. The inverse slope and total yield of $\phi$ mesons are deduced. The contribution to K$^-$ production from $\phi$ meson decays is found to be [17 $\pm$ 3 (stat) $^{+2}_{-7}$ (syst)] %. The results are in line with previous K$^{\pm}$ and $\phi$ data obtained for different colliding systems at similar incident beam energies., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2016

16. Determination of impact parameters in aligned breakup of projectile-like fragments in 197Au + 197Au collisions at 23AMeV

Author: R. Najman, L. Grassi, Giuseppe Verde, G. Lanzalone, W. Zipper, F. Rizzo, S. Pirrone, A. Grzeszczuk, Tomasz Kozik, E. Geraci, G. Cardella, Lucrezia Auditore, Ivano Lombardo, T. Cap, E. La Guidara, M. Trimarchi, Michele Papa, F. Amorini, Antonio Trifiro, P. Russotto, E. Piasecki, G. Politi, R. Płaneta, A. Pagano, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, N. G. Nicolis, J. Wilczyński, Ji-Youn Han, E. De Filippo, and I. Skwira-Chalot
Subjects: Physics, Reaction yields, Projectile, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Breakup, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical Sciences, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Physical Sciences, zderzenia ciężkich jonów, reakcje jądrowe, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Author(s): Cap, T; Siwek-Wilczynska, K; Wilczynski, J; Amorini, F; Auditore, L; Cardella, G; De Filippo, E; Geraci, E; Grassi, L; Grzeszczuk, A; La Guidara, E; Han, J; Kozik, T; Lanzalone, G; Lombardo, I; Najman, R; Nicolis, NG; Pagano, A; Papa, M; Piasecki, E; Pirrone, S; Planeta, R; Politi, G; Rizzo, F; Russotto, P; Skwira-Chalot, I; Trifiro, A; Trimarchi, M; Verde, G; Zipper, W
Published: 2016

17. Investigation of the freeze-out configuration in the 197Au + 197Au reaction at 23 AMeV

Author: A. Pagano, G. Lanzalone, I. Skwira-Chalot, S. Pirrone, Tomasz Kozik, Lucrezia Auditore, E. Geraci, E. Piasecki, G. Politi, P. Russotto, R. Płaneta, J. Wilczynski, E. De Filippo, S. Kowalski, Ivano Lombardo, A. Grzeszczuk, M. Trimarchi, T. Cap, R. Najman, Antonio Trifiro, F. Rizzo, F. Amorini, G. Cardella, W. Zipper, Z. Majka, A. Sochocka, N. G. Nicolis, and K. Siwek-Wilczyńska
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Physics::Plasma Physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, reakcje jądrowe, Nuclear Experiment, struktura jądra atomowego
Abstract: According to the model predictions, observation of toroidal objects is expected in collisions of heavy ion at low incident energies. Comparison between experimental data and model predictions which may indicate the formation of flat/toroidal nuclear systems is shown.
Published: 2016

18. Centrality dependence of subthreshold $\phi$ meson production in Ni + Ni collisions at 1.9A GeV

Author: Xavier Bernard Lopez, P. Koczon, Byung-Sik Hong, Anton Andronic, Fouad Rami, Johann Marton, R. Kotte, D. Pelte, O. N. Hartmann, Piotr Jan Gasik, A. Mangiarotti, N. Herrmann, Igor Gašparić, A. Le Fèvre, K. D. Hildenbrand, Y. Leifels, J. Kecskemeti, K. S. Sim, Y. H. Zhang, E. Cordier, Michael Cargnelli, M. Merschmeyer, M. L. Benabderrahmane, E. Widmann, V. Zinyuk, Valerie Ramillien Barret, M. Berger, J. Zmeskal, Gabriel Stoicea, Z. Fodor, I. Weber, B. Sikora, Zhigang Xiao, Z. Seres, A. Reischl, Mihai Petrovici, Laura Fabbietti, Yongsun Kim, Ralf Peter Averbeck, W. Reisdorf, Peter Wagner, Paul Buehler, P. Schmidt, Z. Tyminski, M. Kiš, K. Suzuki, M. Dželalija, P. Crochet, K. Wiśniewski, Pascal Dupieux, T. I. Kang, O. Czerwiakowa, Z. Basrak, Jianli Liu, M. Korolija, I. M. Deppner, A. Lebedev, R. H. Munzer, Nicole Bastid, V. Simion, T. Matulewicz, Krzysztof Piasecki, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, I. E. Yushmanov, A. Schüttauf, R. Čaplar, M. Kirejczyk, H. S. Xu, Y. Grishkin, V. T. Smolyankin, M. S. Ryu, Vladislav Manko, A. Zhilin, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont ( LPC ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ), FOPI, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Particle physics, heavy ion: scattering, Meson, Strangeness, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, K-: production, beam: energy, Nuclear physics, 25.75.Dw, 0103 physical sciences, [ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 010306 general physics, Power function, Nuclear Experiment, impact parameter, Physics, energy: kinetic, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Phi meson, Phi(1020): multiplicity, Phi(1020): production, Exponent, FOPI, High Energy Physics::Experiment, spectrometer, Impact parameter, Centrality, 13.60.Le
Abstract: We analysed the $\phi$ meson production in central Ni+Ni collisions at the beam kinetic energy of 1.93A GeV with the FOPI spectrometer and found the production probability per event of $[8.6 ~\pm~ 1.6 ~(\text{stat}) \pm 1.5 ~(\text{syst})] \times 10^{-4}$. This new data point allows for the first time to inspect the centrality dependence of the subthreshold $\phi$ meson production in heavy-ion collisions. The rise of $\phi$ meson multiplicity per event with mean number of participants can be parameterized by the power function with exponent $\alpha = 1.8 \pm 0.6$. The ratio of $\phi$ to $\text{K}^-$ production yields seems not to depend within the experimental uncertainties on the collision centrality, and the average of measured values was found to be $0.36 \pm 0.05$., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2016

19. Systematics of azimuthal asymmetries in heavy ion collisions in the regime

Author: M. Kiš, R. Kotte, M. S. Ryu, Philippe Crochet, Z. Tyminski, M. Dželalija, Krzysztof Piasecki, Gabriel Stoicea, T. I. Kang, Fouad Rami, K. D. Hildenbrand, M. Korolija, H. S. Xu, W. Reisdorf, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Y. Leifels, A. Zhilin, R. Čaplar, Pascal Dupieux, I. E. Yushmanov, Byung-Sik Hong, Z. Basrak, M. R. Stockmeier, Z. Fodor, M. Kirejczyk, W. Neubert, Zhigang Xiao, D. Wohlfarth, Y. J. Kim, J. Kecskemeti, K. S. Sim, Y. Grishkin, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Nicole Bastid, A. Lebedev, M. Merschmeyer, V. T. Smolyankin, Valerie Ramillien Barret, V. Simion, Xavier Bernard Lopez, A. Schüttauf, Anton Andronic, P. Gasik, N. Herrmann, T. Matulewicz, B. Sikora, T. Kress, K. Wiśniewski, Z. Seres, P. Koczon, Mihai Petrovici, O. N. Hartmann, and Ralf Peter Averbeck
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Elliptic flow, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear equation of state, Observable, Nuclear physics, Azimuth, Xenon, chemistry, Isospin, Bibliography, Neutron
Abstract: Using the large acceptance apparatus FOPI, we study central and semi-central collisions in the reactions (energies in A GeV are given in parentheses): 40Ca + 40Ca (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 1.93), 58Ni + 58Ni (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), 96Ru + 96Ru (0.4, 1.0, 1.5), 96Zr + 96Zr (0.4, 1.0, 1.5), 129Xe + CsI (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), 197Au + 197Au (0.09, 0.12, 0.15, 0.25, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5). The observables include directed and elliptic flow. The data are compared to earlier data where possible and to transport model simulations. A stiff nuclear equation of state is found to be incompatible with the data. Evidence for extra-repulsion of neutrons in compressed asymmetric matter is found.
Published: 2012

20. Freeze-out configuration properties in theAu197+Au197reaction at23AMeV

Author: S. Pirrone, Lucrezia Auditore, J. Wilczyński, P. Russotto, I. Skwira-Chalot, G. Politi, R. Płaneta, W. Zipper, F. Rizzo, Ivano Lombardo, M. Trimarchi, E. Piasecki, R. Najman, G. Cardella, A. Pagano, T. Cap, Antonio Trifiro, A. Sochocka, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, G. Lanzalone, N. G. Nicolis, Tomasz Kozik, A. Grzeszczuk, E. Geraci, F. Amorini, E. De Filippo, S. Kowalski, and Z. Majka
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Efficiency factor, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Toroid, Nuclear Theory, Code (cryptography), Experimental data, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Data from the experiment on the 197Au + 197Au reaction at 23 AMeV are analyzed with an aim to find signatures of exotic nuclear configurations such as toroid-shaped objects. The experimental data are compared with predictions of the ETNA code dedicated to look for such configurations and with the QMD model. A novel criterion of selecting events possibly resulting from the formation of exotic freeze-out configurations, "the efficiency factor", is tested. Comparison between experimental data and model predictions may indicate for the formation of flat/toroidal nuclear systems.
Published: 2015

21. FUSION BY DIFFUSION MODEL REVISITED

Author: T. Cap, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and J. Wilczyński
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fusion, Angular momentum, General Physics and Astronomy, Atomic physics, Excitation, Cold fusion
Abstract: A complete set of 27 excitation functions for synthesis of superheavy nuclei produced in cold fusion reactions was analyzed in terms of the "Fusion by Diffusion Model" of Światecki et al., modified to account for the angular momentum dependence of the fusion hindrance factor. The data on cold fusion reactions originate from experiments carried out at GSI Darmstadt, RIKEN Tokyo and LBNL Berkeley in which 208 Pb and 209 Bi targets were bombarded with the variety of projectiles ranging from 48,50 Ti to 70 Zn .
Published: 2011

22. ISOTOPIC EFFECTS IN EMISSION OF INTERMEDIATE MASS FRAGMENTS IN THE 124Sn + 64Ni REACTION AT 35 MeV/NUCLEON

Author: T. Cap, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, J. Wilczyński, and I. Skwira-Chalot
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Rest frame, Nuclear physics, Mass, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Neutron, Angular dependence, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: We present results of a new analysis of the experiment carried out by the REVERSE-ISOSPIN collaboration on the 124 Sn + 64 Ni reaction at the bombarding energy of 35 MeV/nucleon. The mass numbers of the intermediate mass fragments (isotopes of Be , B and C ) could be resolved in this experiment. Angular distributions of the neck fragmentation products in the rest frame of the primary projectile-like fragment were studied. The angular dependence of the isotopic ratios of the intermediate mass fragments proves the effect of neutron enrichment of the neck region.
Published: 2011

23. Systematics of central heavy ion collisions in the regime

Author: Philippe Crochet, K. D. Hildenbrand, P. Koczon, Z. Fodor, Mihai Petrovici, O. N. Hartmann, M. Kiš, M. Kirejczyk, A. Lebedev, Nicole Bastid, Z. Basrak, Krzysztof Piasecki, Y. Leifels, H. S. Xu, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, M. R. Stockmeier, K. Wiśiewski, D. Wohlfarth, Y. J. Kim, K. S. Sim, Zhigang Xiao, M. Korolija, A. Zhilin, I. E. Yushmanov, J. Kecskemeti, Y. Grishkin, M. Merschmeyer, Valerie Ramillien Barret, V. Simion, M. L. Benabderrahmane, A. Schüttauf, Pascal Dupieux, Byung-Sik Hong, T. Matulewicz, R. Čaplar, M. S. Ryu, W. Neubert, Ralf Peter Averbeck, V. T. Smolyankin, Z. Seres, W. Reisdorf, R. Kotte, T. Kress, Piotr Jan Gasik, N. Herrmann, B. Sikora, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Anton Andronic, Z. Tyminski, M. Dželalija, Fouad Rami, Gabriel Stoicea, and T. I. Kang
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Equation of state, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Observable, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Xenon, chemistry, Nucleosynthesis, Isospin, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Bibliography, Rapidity, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Using the large acceptance apparatus FOPI, we study central collisions in the reactions (energies in A GeV are given in parentheses): Ca-40 + Ca-40 (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 1.93), Ni-58 + Ni-58 (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), Ru-96+Ru-96 (0.4, 1.0. 1.5), (96)zr+(96)zr 1.0, 1.5), Xe-129+CsI (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), Au-197 + Au-197 (0.09, 0.12, 0.15, 0.25, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5). The observables include cluster multiplicities, longitudinal and transverse rapidity distributions and stopping, and radial flow. The data are compared to earlier data where possible and to transport model simulations. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010

24. HOW CAN ONE SYNTHESIZE THE ELEMENT Z = 120?

Author: J. Wilczyński, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and T. Cap
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fusion, Fission, TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY, Shell (structure), General Physics and Astronomy, Sensitivity (control systems), Diffusion (business), Atomic physics, Element (category theory), Computational physics
Abstract: Predictions based on the "Fusion by Diffusion" model in a version adapted for calculating xn channels, with the ground-state masses, shell effects and barrier heights as given by Muntian, Patyk and Sobiczewski are presented. Sensitivity of the model to uncertainties in determination of the theoretical fission barriers is discussed. Predictions concerning formation of the element Z = 120 include comparison of fusion of the most asymmetric systems, 50 Ti + 249 Cf and 54 Cr + 248 Cm , with less asymmetric combinations 58 Fe + 244 Pu and 64 Ni + 238 U .
Published: 2010

25. IMPACT-PARAMETER DEPENDENCE OF TERNARY AND QUATERNARY RESEPARATION OF HEAVY COLLIDING SYSTEMS

Author: J. Wilczyński, I. Skwira-Chalot, and K. Siwek-Wilczyńska
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Reaction mechanism, Comparable size, Chemical physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Binary number, Impact parameter, Atomic physics, Quaternary, Ternary operation, Breakup
Abstract: Recently, we reported on the observation of a new reaction mechanism of fast collinear breakup of the 197 Au + 197 Au system into three and four fragments of comparable size. Here we present results of an additional analysis that shows that these ternary and quaternary breakup reactions occur at extremely deep-inelastic collisions corresponding to small values of the impact parameter, while more peripheral collisions lead to well known binary deep-inelastic reactions.
Published: 2010

26. COMMENT ON A FREQUENT ERROR IN CALCULATIONS OF THE Γn/Γf RATIO

Author: K. Siwek-Wilczyńska and J. Wilczyński
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Orders of magnitude (time), Fission, Nuclear Theory, Binding energy, Shell (structure), General Physics and Astronomy, Neutron, Residual, Excitation
Abstract: In the last decade some 20–30 publications in leading journals appeared in which cross sections for production of super-heavy elements are calculated with an erroneous formula for the Γn/Γf ratio. The erroneous treatment of shell structure corrections leads to an energy-dependent fission barrier that is inserted to the expression for the fission width Γf. In this approach the shell effect in the residual nucleus that emitted the neutron is ignored. We give examples of calculations that illustrate the deviations of the erroneous formula from the correct one. The errors reach several orders of magnitude, especially for low excitation energies and those compound nuclei for which large ground-state shell effect exceeds the neutron binding energy.
Published: 2009

27. MASS AND ENERGY CORRELATIONS IN FAST TERNARY BREAK-UP OF 197Au + 197Au SYSTEM

Author: I. Skwira-Chalot, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and J. Wilczyński
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Reaction mechanism, Break-Up, General Physics and Astronomy, Atomic physics, Nucleon, Ternary operation, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Detailed characteristics of a new reaction mechanism of fast ternary break-up in collisions of a heavy nucleus-nucleus system 197 Au + 197 Au at 15 MeV/nucleon, studied in experiments at the INFN LNS Laboratory in Catania by using the multidetector array CHIMERA are presented. Results of an analysis of mass and energy correlations complement our earlier report that demonstrated the mechanism of aligned re-separation of the Au + Au system into three massive fragments in semi-peripheral collisions.
Published: 2009

28. CALCULATIONS OF THE FORMATION CROSS SECTIONS FOR SYNTHESIS OF Z = 114–118 NUCLEI IN 48Ca INDUCED REACTIONS

Author: J. Wilczyński, A. Borowiec, and K. Siwek-Wilczyńska
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Orders of magnitude (time), Fission, General Physics and Astronomy, Atomic physics
Abstract: Calculations of the evaporation-residue cross sections for production of super-heavy elements of Z = 114–118 in hot fusion (3n and 4n) reactions induced by 48 Ca projectiles on Pu , Am , Cm and Cf targets are presented. Results of calculations are compared with the cross sections measured by Oganessian et al. in the experiments in which the Z = 114–118 elements had been discovered. Calculations were done for the ground-state masses and fission saddle-point energies of Myers and Swiatecki and Sobiczewski et al. Considerable differences in the theoretical masses result in large differences (of several orders of magnitude) in the predicted cross sections. The ground-state masses and fission barriers of Sobiczewski et al. seem to well reproduce the experimental cross sections.
Published: 2009

29. The Physics of Nucleus - Nucleus Fusion and Synthesis of Super Heavy Nuclei

Author: K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Janusz Wilczyński, and Władysław J. Świαtecki
Subjects: Flexibility (engineering), Physics, Fusion, Theoretical physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Conceptual framework, Nuclear Theory, medicine, General Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleus
Abstract: A descriptive account is given of the “Fusion by Diffusion” theory of nucleus-nucleus amalgamation. The stress is on explaining the physical elements that go into a theory that provides a general conceptual framework for describing nucleus-nucleus fusion, but whose detailed implementation is subject to some flexibility. Despite notable successes, the theory is in need of improvements both as regards the inclusion of important physical refinements and the optimal choice of its adjustable parameter(s).
Published: 2008

30. ENTRANCE-CHANNEL EFFECTS IN SUPPRESSION OF FUSION OF HEAVY NUCLEI

Author: J. Wilczyński, I. Skwira-Chalot, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and A. Borowiec
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fusion, Coulomb, Evaporation, General Physics and Astronomy, Atomic physics, Entrance channel
Abstract: A set of 28 reactions of heavy and superheavy systems for which measured evaporation cross sections are available in the literature was analyzed with the aim to extract information on the fusion hindrance factor. Systematics of the deduced "experimental" hindrance factors (or in other words – fusion probabilities Pfus), based on the dependence of Pfus on the Coulomb interaction parameter [Formula: see text] and the excess of energy above the interaction barrier, E - B0, is presented.
Published: 2008

31. ROLE OF MASS ASYMMETRY IN FUSION OF SUPER-HEAVY NUCLEI

Author: J. Wilczyński, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and I. Skwira-Chalot
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fusion, Mass asymmetry, Diffusion equation, Isotope, Thermal, General Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear fusion, Statistical model, Atomic physics
Abstract: By using well tested standard statistical model for calculating survival probabilities of super-heavy compound nuclei, Psurv, and reliably predicted capture cross sections σcap, "empirical" values of the fusion hindrance Pfus = σsyn/(σcap · Psurv) have been determined from the formation cross sections σsyn for production of super-heavy nuclei of 102 ≤ Z ≤ 113 measured at GSI Darmstadt and RIKEN. So determined fusion hindrance can be well reproduced with a simple model based on the Smoluchowski diffusion equation applied to describe thermal shape fluctuations of the fusing system. An applicability of this model for a wider class of fusing systems could be verified on data from an interesting experiment on the synthesis of isotopes of Hs (Z = 108) in the 136 Xe + 136 Xe reaction, scheduled to be carried out in Dubna this year. Synthesis cross sections for 269-271 Hs isotopes, strongly reduced by the fusion hindrance effect in this symmetric fusion reaction, are predicted.
Published: 2007

32. Systematics of pion emission in heavy ion collisions in the regime

Author: T. I. Kang, K. D. Hildenbrand, M. Korolija, Zhigang Xiao, M. Merschmeyer, Z. Seres, Valerie Ramillien Barret, Pascal Dupieux, K. Wiśniewski, P. Koczon, Z. Fodor, Philippe Crochet, Gabriel Stoicea, M. Kiš, T. Kress, Y. Leifels, M. R. Stockmeier, N. Herrmann, X. Lopez, Fouad Rami, Y. J. Kim, A. Lebedev, H. S. Xu, D. Wohlfarth, K. S. Sim, Y. Grishkin, Byung-Sik Hong, Z. Tyminski, J. Kecskemeti, R. Kotte, R. Čaplar, W. Neubert, Z. Basrak, M. Dželalija, M. Kirejczyk, B. Sikora, V. T. Smolyankin, V. Simion, Anton Andronic, A. Zhilin, T. Matulewicz, A. Schüttauf, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Nicole Bastid, I. E. Yushmanov, W. Reisdorf, Mihai Petrovici, O. N. Hartmann, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and M. S. Ryu
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, Observable, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Pion, Isospin, 0103 physical sciences, Rapidity, 010306 general physics, Anisotropy
Abstract: Using the large acceptance apparatus FOPI, we study pion emission in the reactions (energies in A GeV are given in parentheses): 40Ca + 40Ca (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 1.93), 96Ru + 96Ru (0.4, 1.0, 1.5), 96Zr + 96Zr (0.4, 1.0, 1.5), 197Au + 197Au (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5). The observables include longitudinal and transverse rapidity distributions and stopping, polar anisotropies, pion multiplicities, transverse momentum spectra, ratios ( π + / π − ) of average transverse momenta and of yields, directed flow, elliptic flow. The data are compared to earlier data where possible and to transport model simulations.
Published: 2007

33. Influence ofϕmesons on negative kaons in Ni + Ni collisions at1.91A GeV beam energy

Author: M. Kiš, Philippe Crochet, Ken Suzuki, Byung-Sik Hong, Laura Fabbietti, Krzysztof Piasecki, Y. Leifels, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Zhigang Xiao, K. D. Hildenbrand, Fouad Rami, Ya-Peng Zhang, R. Čaplar, P. Wagner, Anton Andronic, Y. Grishkin, M. Dželalija, Paul Buehler, R. Kotte, J. L. Liu, Y. J. Kim, K. S. Sim, P. Gasik, I. E. Yushmanov, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, W. Reisdorf, A. Le Fèvre, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Johann Marton, V. Simion, Mihai Petrovici, Vladislav Manko, O. N. Hartmann, V. T. Smolyankin, M. S. Ryu, T. Matulewicz, Michael Cargnelli, J. Zmeskal, V. Zinyuk, A. Zhilin, B. Sikora, N. Herrmann, A. Schüttauf, M. Berger, Z. Seres, T. I. Kang, I. Weber, Ralf Peter Averbeck, Z. Tyminski, Z. Fodor, Pascal Dupieux, O. Czerwiakowa, Z. Basrak, Eberhard Widmann, P. Schmidt, A. Lebedev, K. Wis̈niewski, P. Koczon, I. M. Deppner, Valerie Ramillien Barret, A. Reischl, M. Kirejczyk, Igor Gašparić, J. Kecskemeti, R. H. Munzer, and Nicole Bastid
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson production, Meson, Nuclear Theory, Inverse, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Kinetic energy, Beam energy
Abstract: $\ensuremath{\phi}$ and ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ mesons from Ni+Ni collisions at the beam energy of $1.91A$ GeV have been measured by the FOPI spectrometer, with a trigger selecting central and semicentral events amounting to 52% of the total cross section. The phase-space distributions, and the total yield of ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, as well as the kinetic energy distribution and the total yield of $\ensuremath{\phi}$ mesons are presented. The $\ensuremath{\phi}/$ ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ratio is found to be $0.44\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07{(\text{stat})}_{\ensuremath{-}0.10}^{+0.16}(\text{syst})$, meaning that about 22% of ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ mesons originate from the decays of $\ensuremath{\phi}$ mesons, occurring mostly in vacuum. The inverse slopes of direct kaons are up to about 15 MeV larger than the ones extracted within the one-source model, signaling that a considerable share of gap between the slopes of ${\mathrm{K}}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ could be explained by the contribution of $\ensuremath{\phi}$ mesons to negative kaons.
Published: 2015

34. Production cross sections for intermediate mass fragments from dynamical and statistical decay of projectile-like fragments inSn124+Ni64andSn112+Ni58collisions at35AMeV

Author: J.D. Frankland, M. Trimarchi, P. Russotto, E. V. Pagano, M. D'Agostino, M. B. Chatterjee, S. Pirrone, A. Chbihi, R. Bougault, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, C. Maiolino, E. Galichet, E. De Filippo, G. Politi, S. Kowalski, F. Porto, W. Zipper, Giuseppe Verde, N. Le Neindre, I. Berceanu, W. Gawlikowicz, G. Lanzalone, J. Wilczynski, L. Acosta, M. Bruno, L. Quattrocchi, G. Lanzano, L. Zetta, G. Cardella, A. Grzeszczuk, Mariano Vigilante, P. Guazzoni, Maria Colonna, Angelo Pagano, M. Papa, E. Piasecki, Triestino Minniti, T. Cap, Elio Rosato, M. Di Toro, F. Rizzo, Ivano Lombardo, V. Baran, B. Gnoffo, I. Skwira-Chalot, B. Borderie, M.F. Rivet, Antonio Trifiro, L. Francalanza, S. Cavallaro, Lucrezia Auditore, K. Schmidt, R. Płaneta, E. Geraci, and J.P. Wieleczko
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Reaction mechanism, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Production (computer science), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sensitivity (control systems), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 7. Clean energy, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Energy (signal processing), Charged particle
Abstract: Background: In heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies the production of light charged particles and intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) is due to different reaction mechanisms and different time scales, ranging from fast dynamical processes to statistical emission from the equilibrated system.Purpose: We compare the IMF statistical and dynamical emission probabilities in collisions of a neutron-rich $^{124}\mathrm{Sn}+^{64}\mathrm{Ni}$ system and a neutron-poor $^{112}\mathrm{Sn}+^{58}\mathrm{Ni}$ system at the laboratory energy of 35 $A$ MeV.Method: The IMFs production mechanism in semiperipheral reactions has been investigated in our previous works. In this paper, the analysis is expanded for the same set of data and production cross sections have been evaluated for dynamical and statistical emission in a coherent way for light and heavy fragments.Results: The data analysis has evidenced a strong competition between dynamical and statistical emission mechanisms. Probability of the dynamical emission of IMFs is strongly influenced by the ($N/Z$) ratio of the colliding system.Conclusions: It is demonstrated that the statistical emission is equally probable for the two systems, while the dynamical emission is enhanced for the neutron-rich system, especially for heavy fragments ($Z\ensuremath{\ge}6$). The observed effect points at a high sensitivity of the prompt-dynamical emission to the ($N/Z$) ratio of a given system.
Published: 2015

35. CALCULATIONS OF FUSION-EVAPORATION CROSS SECTIONS IN THE 48Ca + 206Pband48Ca + 208Pb REACTIONS

Author: K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, J. Wilczyński, and I. Skwira-Chalot
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fusion, Fission, Shell (structure), Evaporation, General Physics and Astronomy, Atomic physics, Saddle
Abstract: By using a unique set of experimental data on (1n, 2n, 3n and 4n) fusion-evaporation cross sections for 48 Ca + 206 Pb and 48 Ca + 208 Pb reactions, measured by Oganessian et al., we have tested the conventional Bohr-Wheeler description of the competition between evaporation and fission in these reactions. Level densities in both, the equilibrium and saddle-point configurations were calculated using the Reisdorf-Ignatyuk prescription. Strutinsky shell corrections of Möller et al. were used for the equilibrium, and zero shell corrections were assumed for the saddle-point configuration. The model does not contain adjustable parameters.
Published: 2006

36. DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE 197Au + 197Au SYSTEM AT 15 MeV/NUCLEON

Author: R. Płaneta, G. Cardella, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, A. Anzalone, J. Wilczyński, I. Skwira-Chalot, S. Pirrone, W. Zipper, Angelo Pagano, E. Piasecki, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, Maria Colonna, A. Sochocka, S. Cavallaro, G. Lanzano, F. Amorini, E. De Filippo, C. Maiolino, M. Di Toro, M. Papa, F. Rizzo, V. Baran, Ł. Świderski, S. Kowalski, M. B. Chatterjee, E. La Guidara, Marina Trimarchi, F. Porto, G. Lanzalone, N. G. Nicolis, L. Zetta, Z. Majka, Lucrezia Auditore, J. Brzychczyk, G. Politi, Antonio Trifiro, K. Schmidt, and P. Russotto
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Dissipation, Nuclear Experiment, Ternary operation, Nucleon, Excitation
Abstract: Collisions of a very heavy 197 Au + 197 Au system have been studied at an energy of 15 MeV/nucleon with the aim to investigate a possible change of the energy dissipation mechanism from one-body dissipation (presumably dominating at low excitation energies) to two-body dissipation. The experiment was carried out in 4π geometry using the CHIMERA multidetector array. A class of ternary events satisfying nearly complete balance of mass numbers was selected. Preliminary results suggest that the selected ternary events represent mostly prompt ternary partitions of the colliding system, in which the lightest fragment is quite massive. In the light of theoretical predictions of Cârjan, Sierk and Nix this result may imply that the observed ternary reactions are driven by the two-body dissipation mechanism already at 15 MeV/nucleon.
Published: 2006

37. SHELL CORRECTION ENERGIES IN CALCULATIONS OF THE SURVIVAL PROBABILITY

Author: I. Skwira, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, and J. Wilczyński
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fusion, Fission, Shell (structure), General Physics and Astronomy, Statistical model, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Survival probability, medicine, Atomic physics, Ground state, Nucleus, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Analysis of existing data on experimental fission barriers for about 90 nuclei shows that the shell correction energy practically vanishes at the barrier configuration. Statistical model calculations, with shell effects accounted for by the Ignatyuk formula, were carried out for the decay of the 248 Cf compound nucleus assuming the ground state shell corrections of Möller et al., and the vanishing shell correction energy at the barrier. The results are consistent with existing experimental data on fusion- and xn evaporation-residue cross sections in the 12 C +236 U reaction.
Published: 2005

38. Shape parameters of the participant source in Ru + Ru collisions at

Author: V. Simion, M. Dželalija, E. Cordier, K. D. Hildenbrand, A. Schuettauf, Gabriel Stoicea, N. Herrmann, V. T. Smolyankin, Philippe Crochet, Z. Tyminski, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Z. Fodor, P. Wagner, A. Gobbi, B. de Schauenburg, Fouad Rami, Igor Gašparić, Y. Leifels, J. Kecskemeti, M. Merschmeyer, Valerie Ramillien Barret, Z. Basrak, I. E. Yushmanov, R. Kotte, D. Pelte, M. R. Stockmeier, D. Wohlfarth, Z. Seres, A. Bendarag, M. Kirejczyk, Nicole Bastid, R. Čaplar, M. M. Smolarkiewicz, Y. Grishkin, Zhigang Xiao, Yongsun Kim, Mihai Petrovici, Byung-Sik Hong, O. N. Hartmann, T. Kress, Alexandre Lebedev, W. Neubert, J. P. Alard, Vladislav Manko, W. Reisdorf, I. J. Soliwoda, A. Mangiarotti, A. Zhilin, Pascal Dupieux, M. Korolija, K. Wiśniewski, P. Koczon, B. Sikora, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Anton Andronic, K. S. Sim, D. Moisa, and K. Siwek-Wilczyńska
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gaussian, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear physics, Momentum, symbols.namesake, Cross section (physics), Flow (mathematics), Phase space, Isospin, symbols, Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: New results on nuclear collective flow are presented for central and semi-central Ru + Ru collisions at 400 A MeV measured with the FOPI detector at GSI-Darmstadt. The source shape parameters, flow angle and aspect ratios, are extracted from Gaussian fits to in-plane and out-of-plane momentum distributions. The orientation and the shape of the source exhibit different trends according to the investigated phase space region. The shape parameters of the participant source are studied as a function of the particle mass and collision centrality. The flow angle is found to be independent of the particle mass. Both the flow angle and the aspect ratios depend sensitively on the impact parameter. Detailed comparisons with the predictions of the isospin quantum molecular dynamics model are performed. It is shown in particular that the source shape parameters permit to extract information on the in-medium nucleon–nucleon cross section.
Published: 2004

39. Fragmentation studies with the CHIMERA detector at LNS in Catania: recent progress

Author: H. Wu, L. Auditore, J. Blicharska, M. Papa, G. Vannini, M. Trimarchi, S. M. Li, L. Zetta, Z. Majka, Angelo Pagano, S. Lo Nigro, M. L. Sperduto, T. Paduszynski, G. Lanzalone, G. Lanzanó, A. Chbihi, I. Skwira, M. Iacono-Manno, E. La Guidara, M.F Rivet, M. Bruno, J.P. Wieleczko, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Maria Colonna, R. Bougault, G.R. Sechi, E. Rosato, Monica Alderighi, Amalia Pop, V. Simion, J. Cibor, N. Le Neindre, J.C. Steckmeyer, F. Rizzo, F. Porto, E. De Filippo, L. Swiderski, P. Russotto, A. Anzalone, V. Baran, Zhigang Xiao, M. Bartolucci, R. Planeta, M. D'Agostino, J. Wilczynski, M. Di Toro, A. Bonasera, P. Guazzoni, A. Grzeszczuk, R. Dayras, S. Cavallaro, I. Berceanu, S. Russo, E. Geraci, F. Giustolisi, B. Borderie, J. Brzychczyk, M. Sassi, S. Kowalski, W. Gawlikowicz, E. Piasecki, A. Trifiro, Mariano Vigilante, G. Politi, L. Arena, S. Pirrone, W. Zipper, D. Guinet, G. Cardella, G. Manfredi, F. Amorini, C. Maiolino, M. Petrovici, M. B. Chatterjee, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), A. Pagano, M. Alderighi, F. Amorini, A. Anzalone, L. Arena, L. Auditore, V. Baran, M. Bartolucci, I. Berceanu, J. Blicharska, J.Brzychczyk, A. Bonasera, B. Borderie, R. Bougault, M. Bruno, G.Cardella, S. Cavallaro, M.B. Chatterjee, A. Chbihi, J. Cibor, M.Colonna, M. D'Agostino, R. Dayra, E. De Filippo, M. Di Toro, W.Gawlikowicz, E. Geraci, F. Giustolisi, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, D.Guinet, M. Iacono-Manno, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzano', G.Lanzalone, N.Le Neindre, S. Li, S. Lo Nigro, C. Maiolino, Z. Majka, G. Manfredi, T. Paduszynski, M. Papa, M. Petrovici, E. Piasecki, S.Pirrone, R. Planeta, G. Politi, A. Pop, F. Porto, M.F. Rivet, E. Rosato, F. Rizzo, S. Russo, P. Russotto, M. Sassi, G. Sechi, V. Simion, K. Siwek-Wilczynska, I. Skwira, M.L. Sperduto, J.C. Steckmeyer, L. Swiderski, A. Trifiro`, M. Trimarchi, G. Vannini, M. Vigilante, J.P. Wieleczko, J. Wilczynski, H. Wu, Z. Xiao, L. Zetta, W. Zipper, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, APPARATO DI RIVELAZIONE, TECNICHE DI IDENTIFICAZIONE, REAZIONI NUCLEARI SEMI-PERIFERICHE, PRODUZIONE DI FRAMMENTI DI MASSA INTERMEDIA, TEMPI DI PRODUZIONE DEI FRAMMENTI, Cyclotron, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, law.invention, Ion, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Charged particle, Time of flight, Nucleon
Abstract: The new detector CHIMERA, in its final 4π configuration, has been installed at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania in January 2003. Beams of different energies ranging from protons to Au ions were delivered by the Tandem and the Super Conducting Cyclotron for nuclear reaction studies, in agreement with the approval of the Scientific Advisory Committee of LNS. Recent experimental results confirm very low energy thresholds of the trigger (below 0.5 MeV/nucleon), ensured within a wide dynamical range. Good characteristics of identification of light charged particles and heavy fragments have been obtained by using three detection techniques: Δ E-E , Δ E -time of flight, and the Pulse-Shape discrimination method. We present results of recent analysis concerning the production of intermediate mass fragments (IMF) in semi-peripheral collisions. Our results combined with theoretical Boltzmann-Nordheim-Vlasov simulations clearly demonstrate the presence of very fast processes of IMF production in the overlapping region of the target and projectile nuclei during re-separation, i.e. in the time scale comparable with the collision time. Evidence for slower, sequential-like production of IMF's is also shown.
Published: 2004

40. CALCULATIONS OF CROSS SECTIONS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SUPER-HEAVY NUCLEI IN COLD FUSION REACTIONS

Author: K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, J. Wilczyński, and W. J. Światecki
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fission, General Physics and Astronomy, Coulomb barrier, Cold fusion, Cross section (physics), medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Nuclear cross section, Atomic physics, Diffusion (business), Nucleus, Brownian motion
Abstract: The fusion cross sections are considered to be given by the product of three factors: the cross section to overcome the Coulomb barrier, the probability for the resulting system to reach the compound nucleus configuration by diffusion, and the probability for the compound nucleus to survive fission. The first and third factors are treated by more or less conventional equations, and the second by Brownian diffusion in one dimension. Adjusting one free parameter in the theory one can reproduce the twelve measured cross sections to within a factor of two.
Published: 2004

41. Strong enhancement of dynamical emission of heavy fragments in the neutron rich 124Sn+64Ni reaction at 35 AMeV

Author: P. Russotto, E. De Filippo, A. Pagano, E. Piasecki, F. Amorini, A. Anzalone, L. Auditore, V. Baran, I. Berceanu, J. Blicharska, J. Brzychczyk, B. Borderie, R. Bougault, M. Bruno, G. Cardella, S. Cavallaro, M. B. Chatterjee, A. Chbihi, M. Colonna, M. D'Agostino, R. Dayras, M. Di Toro, J. Frankland, E. Galichet, W. Gawlikowicz, E. Geraci, F. Giustolisi, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, D. Guinet, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzalone, G. Lanzanò, N. Le Neindre, C. Maiolino, Z. Majka, M. Papa, M. Petrovici, S. Pirrone, R. Płaneta, G. Politi, A. Pop, F. Porto, M. F. Rivet1, F. Rizzo, K. Schmidt, K. Siwek Wilczyńska, I. Skwira Chalot, A. Sochocka, L. Swiderski, A. Trifirò, M. Trimarchi, J. P. Wieleczko, J. Wilczyński, L. Zetta, W. Zipper, ROSATO, ELIO, VIGILANTE, MARIANO, P., Russotto, E., De Filippo, A., Pagano, E., Piasecki, F., Amorini, A., Anzalone, L., Auditore, V., Baran, I., Berceanu, J., Blicharska, J., Brzychczyk, B., Borderie, R., Bougault, M., Bruno, G., Cardella, S., Cavallaro, M. B., Chatterjee, A., Chbihi, M., Colonna, M., D'Agostino, R., Dayra, M., Di Toro, J., Frankland, E., Galichet, W., Gawlikowicz, E., Geraci, F., Giustolisi, A., Grzeszczuk, P., Guazzoni, D., Guinet, S., Kowalski, E., La Guidara, G., Lanzalone, G., Lanzanò, N., Le Neindre, C., Maiolino, Z., Majka, M., Papa, M., Petrovici, S., Pirrone, R., Płaneta, G., Politi, A., Pop, F., Porto, M. F., Rivet1, Rosato, Elio, F., Rizzo, K., Schmidt, K., Siwek Wilczyńska, I., Skwira Chalot, A., Sochocka, L., Swiderski, A., Trifirò, M., Trimarchi, Vigilante, Mariano, J. P., Wieleczko, J., Wilczyński, L., Zetta, and W., Zipper
Subjects: isospin, fisica nucleare, reazioni nucleari
Abstract: A quantitative comparison is made between the absolute cross sections associated with statistical and dynamical emission of heavy fragments in the 124Sn+64Ni and 112Sn+58Ni collisions experimentally investigated at 35A MeV beam energy using the multidetector CHIMERA. The result shows that the dynamical process is about twice as probable in the neutron-rich 124Sn+64Ni system as in the 112Sn+58Ni neutron-poor one. This unexpected and significant difference indicates that the reaction mechanism is strongly dependent on the entrance-channel isospin (N/Z) content.
Published: 2010

42. Azimuthal emission patterns ofK+and ofK−mesons in Ni + Ni collisions near the strangeness production threshold

Author: Philippe Crochet, M. S. Ryu, Paul Buehler, W. Reisdorf, Johann Zmeskal, Y. Leifels, P. Wagner, Michael Cargnelli, R. Kotte, Elena Bratkovskaya, Zhigang Xiao, Igor Gašparić, A. Lebedev, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Y. J. Kim, K. S. Sim, A. Le Fèvre, J. Kecskemeti, A. Reischl, Anton Andronic, P. Gasik, Vladislav Manko, K. Wiśniewski, M. Kiš, Valerie Ramillien Barret, Pascal Dupieux, Fouad Rami, Johann Marton, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, R. Čaplar, P. Koczon, M. Dželalija, I. Deppner, I. E. Yushmanov, Byung-Sik Hong, Ken Suzuki, N. Herrmann, R. H. Munzer, V. T. Smolyankin, Z. Basrak, V. Simion, Nicole Bastid, A. Zhilin, Mihai Petrovici, O. N. Hartmann, Z. Fodor, A. Schüttauf, M. Berger, B. Sikora, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Z. Seres, T. I. Kang, Laura Fabbietti, T. Matulewicz, K. D. Hildenbrand, V. Zinyuk, Eberhard Widmann, Krzysztof Piasecki, Ralf Peter Averbeck, Z. Tyminski, C. Hartnack, P. Schmidt, M. Kirejczyk, Ya-Peng Zhang, J. L. Liu, I. Carevic, and Y. Grishkin
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Elliptic flow, Strangeness production, Kinetic energy, Nuclear matter, 7. Clean energy, Azimuth, Nuclear physics, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Azimuthal emission patterns of $K^\pm$ mesons have been measured in Ni + Ni collisions with the FOPI spectrometer at a beam kinetic energy of 1.91 A GeV. The transverse momentum $p_{T}$ integrated directed and elliptic flow of $K^{+}$ and $K^{-}$ mesons as well as the centrality dependence of $p_{T}$ - differential directed flow of $K^{+}$ mesons are compared to the predictions of HSD and IQMD transport models. The data exhibits different propagation patterns of $K^{+}$ and $K^{-}$ mesons in the compressed and heated nuclear medium and favor the existence of a kaon-nucleon in-medium potential, repulsive for $K^{+}$ mesons and attractive for $K^{-}$ mesons.
Published: 2014

43. No chance for synthesis of super-heavy nuclei in fusion of symmetric systems

Author: K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, J. Wilczyński, and T. Cap
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fusion, State (functional analysis), lcsh:QC1-999, Super-heavy nuclei, Cold fusion, Nuclear physics, Symmetric systems, Orders of magnitude (time), Nuclide, Fusion-by-diffusion model, Atomic physics, lcsh:Physics, Excitation
Abstract: Predictions of relatively large cross sections (of about 1 picobarn) for synthesis of super heavy nuclei of Z = 122 and Z = 124 in cold fusion (1n) reactions of symmetric 154Sm + 150Nd and 154Sm + 154Sm systems by R.K. Choudhury and Y.K. Gupta (2014) [1] are examined. The authors state that this result had been obtained by using the fusion-by-diffusion (FBD) model. As predictions of the original FBD model of Swiatecki, Cap, Siwek-Wilczynska and Wilczynski had been definitely pessimistic regarding fusion of more symmetric systems (in comparison with equivalent asymmetric systems), we feel compelled to present excitation functions of the 154Sm(150Nd, 1n)303122 and 154Sm(154Sm, 1n)307124 reactions, calculated within the original fusion-by-diffusion model. In accordance with our earlier predictions of a general trend of fusion hindrance for near-symmetric systems, the cross sections for synthesis of 303122 and 307124 nuclides in fusion of these two symmetric systems are found to be extremely small and probably never reachable: about 10 − 11 pb and 10 − 13 pb , respectively. It is shown that Choudhury and Gupta obtained their results (overestimating the cross sections by 11 and 13 orders of magnitude) as an effect of an arbitrary and physically unjustified interference in the FBD model.
Published: 2014

44. Probing the symmetry energy at low density using observables from neck fragmentation

Author: G. Cardella, Lucrezia Auditore, M. Trimarchi, Michele Papa, R. Planeta, A. Trifirò, A. Grzeszczuk, L. Zetta, Maria Colonna, E. La Guidara, Mariano Vigilante, G. Politi, F. Porto, Giuseppe Verde, F. Rizzo, L. Acosta, S. Pirrone, C. Maiolino, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, E. V. Pagano, I. Skwira-Chalot, F. Amorini, Ji-Youn Han, C. Agodi, J. Wilczyński, E. Piasecki, Triestino Minniti, G. Lanzalone, A. Pagano, P. Guazzoni, R. Gianì, I. Berceanu, E. Geraci, Ivano Lombardo, Amalia Pop, V. Baran, T. Cap, L. Quattrocchi, L. Grassi, P. Russotto, Elio Rosato, E. De Filippo, L. Francalanza, S. Lunardi, P.G. Bizzeti, C. Bucci, M. Chiari, A. Dainese, P. Di Nezza, R. Menegazzo, A. Nannini, C. Signorini, J.J. Valiente-Dobon, E., Defilippo, L., Acosta, C., Agodi, F., Amorini, A., Anzalone, L., Auditore, V. Baran I., Berceanu, T., Cap, G., Cardella, M., Colonna, L., Francalanza, E., Geraci, R., Gianì, L., Grassi, A., Grzeszcuk, P., Guazzoni, J., Han, E., La Guidara, G., Lanzalone, Lombardo, Ivano, C., Maiolino, T., Minniti, A., Pagano, E. V., Pagano, M., Papa, E., Piasecki, R., Planeta, S., Pirrone, G., Politi, A., Pop, F., Porto, L., Quattrocchi, F., Rizzo, Rosato, Elio, P., Russotto, K., Siwek Wilczynska, I., Skwira Chalot, A., Trifiró, M., Trimarchi, G., Verde, Vigilante, Mariano, J., Wilczynski, and L., Zetta
Subjects: Physics, Projectile, QC1-999, Observable, ionic collisions, isospin-dependent quantum, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), fragmentation, fragments, Low density, Incident energy, NUCLEAR COLLISIONS, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Semi-peripheral collisions of ^{64}Ni + ^{124}Sn in direct and inverse kinematics, at 35 A MeV incident energy, are studied to characterize the dynamical origin and align-ments properties of fragments emission at midrapidity. This emission is partly due to the fragmentation of a transient neck joining the projectile and target in the early stages of the reaction. Recently we exploited observable from neck fragmentation to constraint the density dependence of the symmetry energy. In this contribution we focus on the density evolution of the mid-rapidity source. An experimental survey is suggested to check if data are consistent with the formation of neck fragments in a dilute density region in contact with the projectile-like and target-like spectators at normal saturation density.
Published: 2014

45. Aligned ternary partitioning of the 197Au+197Au system at 23 A MeV beam energy

Author: L. Grassi, Ji-Youn Han, Marina Trimarchi, Michele Papa, A. Pagano, R. Najman, T. Cap, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, F. Amorini, Antonio Trifiro, Tomasz Kozik, Ivano Lombardo, E. Geraci, E. De Filippo, G. Cardella, P. Russotto, G. Lanzalone, N. G. Nicolis, J. Wilczyński, A. Grzeszczuk, Lucrezia Auditore, W. Zipper, G. Politi, I. Skwira-Chalot, F. Rizzo, E. La Guidara, E. Piasecki, Giuseppe Verde, S. Pirrone, and R. Płaneta
Subjects: Physics, Mass number, projectile breakup, nucleus–nucleus collisions, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, polar-side emission, aligned ternary partitioning, Primary (astronomy), Polar, Atomic physics, Ternary operation, Nuclear Experiment, Beam energy, Mathematical Physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, neck-side emission
Abstract: Ternary partitions of the ^{197}Au+^{197}Au system in collisions at 23 A MeV beam energy have been studied. It is observed that the mass number distribution of the lightest fragments, called intermediate mass fragments (IMF), extends up to mass numbers corresponding to partitions into three comparable fragments. The lightest IMFs of A_{IFM} < 20 show well known features of prompt emission originating from the interaction zone (neck) during reseparation. Heavier IMFs (of A_{IFM} > 30) definitely originate from sequential (but not equilibrated) decay of the primary projectile-like fragments (PLF*) (or target-like fragments (TLF*)). The decaying system evidently keeps memory of the neck configuration and consequently the IMFs are emitted collinearly either from the neck side or from the opposite side along the separation axis (polar emission). The new intriguing process of the polar emission dominates for IMFs of A_{IMF} > 50.
Published: 2014

46. Results from FOPI on strangeness in nuclear matter at SIS energies

Author: M. R. Stockmeier, W. Reisdorf, Kin Sing Stephen Lee, T. Kress, M. Dželalija, A. Somov, V. T. Smolyankin, M. Korolija, R. Kotte, B. de Schauenburg, D. Pelte, G. Berek, A. Devismes, A. Bendarag, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, R. Čaplar, A. Gobbi, A. Nianine, P. Wagner, Valerie Ramillien Barret, R. Averbeck, D. Moisa, Byung-Sik Hong, K. Wiśniewski, Anton Andronic, Y. Leifels, I. E. Yushmanov, Y. Grishkin, N. Cindro, P. Crochet, Alexandre Lebedev, V. Simion, M. Eskef, W. Neubert, Nicole Bastid, Z. Fodor, N. Herrmann, R. Kutsche, J. P. Alard, D. Schüll, O. Hartmann, Kwang Souk Sim, Pascal Dupieux, B. Sikora, H. Merlitz, F. Rami, M. A. Vasiliev, Z. Basrak, M. Kowalczyk, J. Kecskemeti, I. Belyaev, J. T. Yang, Ch. Finck, Gabriel Stoicea, C. Plettner, Vladislav Manko, M. Kirejczyk, S. Mohren, D. Wohlfarth, A. Zhilin, Yongsun Kim, P Koczon, Z. Seres, Mihai Petrovici, and K.D. Hildenbrand
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Flow (mathematics), Phase space, Nuclear Theory, Detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Strangeness, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear matter
Abstract: Experimental data on charged kaon phase space distributions and strangeness sideward flow measured with the FOPI detector at SIS/GSI are presented. Comparisons are made with the predictions of transport models investigating the in-medium kaon-nucleon potential.
Published: 2001

47. On the space-time difference of proton and composite particle emission in central heavy-ion reactions at 400 A· MeV

Author: M. Eskef, A. Somov, K. Wiśniewski, R. Kotte, D. Pelte, Y. Leifels, Philippe Crochet, Mihai Petrovici, D. Schüll, N. Cindro, N. Bendarag, Byung-Sik Hong, Alexandre Lebedev, W. Neubert, Nicole Bastid, Pascal Dupieux, Peter Wagner, M. Kowalczyk, D. Wohlfarth, K. S. Lee, T. Kress, J. P. Alard, H. Merlitz, M. Dželalija, Z. Basrak, Y. Yushmanov, Y. Grishkin, D. Moisa, Z. Fodor, W. Reisdorf, A. Gobbi, A. Devismes, V. Simion, B. de Schauenburg, Vladislav Manko, H. W. Barz, Ralf Peter Averbeck, R. Kutsche, A. Zhilin, M. Korolija, J. T. Yang, K. D. Hildenbrand, C. Plettner, R. Čaplar, M. Kirejczyk, Y. J. Kim, Z. Seres, Gabriel Stoicea, M. A. Vasiliev, J. Kecskemeti, A. Nianine, G. Berek, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Anton Andronic, K. S. Sim, N. Herrmann, B. Sikora, Fouad Rami, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and FOPI
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Relative velocity, Radius, heavy-ion, correlation function, space-time, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Ion, Nuclear physics, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear fusion, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Small-angle correlations of pairs of nonidentical light charged particles produced in central collisions of heavy ions in the A= 100 mass region at a beam energy of 400 A· MeV are investigated with the FOPI detector system at GSI Darmstadt. The difference of longitudinal correlation functions with the relative velocity parallel and anti-parallel to the center-of-mass velocity of the pair in the central source frame is studied. This method allows extracting the apparent space-time differences of the emission of the charged particles. Comparing the correlations with results of a final-state interaction model delivers quantitative estimates of these asymmetries. Time delays as short as 1~fm/c or – alternatively – source radius differences of a few tenth fm are resolved. The strong collective expansion of the participant zone introduces not only an apparent reduction of the source radius but also a modification of the emission times. After correcting for both effects a complete sequence of the space-time emission of p, d, t, 3He, α particles is presented for the first time.
Published: 1999

48. Stopping and radial flow in central58Ni+58Nicollisions between1Aand2AGeV

Author: C. Roy, J. Mösner, D. Wohlfarth, A. Genoux-Lubain, Vladislav Manko, C. Pinkenburg, A. Buta, Christian Claude Kuhn, G. Guillaume, Byung-Sik Hong, E. Häfele, James Ritman, B. Sikora, D. Best, W. Reisdorf, F. Jundt, V. Simion, P. Crochet, W. Neubert, S. Mohren, Mihai Petrovici, U. Sodan, Peter Wagner, J. Biegansky, B. de Schauenburg, A. Somov, Y. Leifels, A. Lebedev, T. Wienold, C. Maazouzi, V. Amouroux, Vasilev, A. Zhilin, R. Kotte, I. Belyaev, Fouad Rami, G.S. Wang, D. Pelte, L. Fraysse, Z. Seres, N. Herrmann, K. D. Hildenbrand, M. Eskef, J. P. Coffin, J. Kecskemeti, J. P. Alard, Pascal Dupieux, D. Schüll, P. Fintz, I. Legrand, M. Trzaska, M. Kirejczyk, L. Tizniti, G. Berek, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Nicole Bastid, G. Goebels, R. Dona, P. Pras, M. Korolija, Z. Fodor, and A. Gobbi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Energy loss, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Quantum molecular dynamics, Nuclear physics, Nickel, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Radial flow, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Published: 1998

49. Out-of-plane emission of nuclear matter in Au+Au collisions between 100 and 800 AMeV

Author: D. Best, L. Fraysse, D. Wohlfarth, W. Neubert, U. Sodan, J. P. Wessels, M. Trzaska, N. Cindro, N. Herrmann, Z. Basrak, P. Fintz, C. Maazouzi, R. Čaplar, F. Jundt, P. Crochet, Y. Leifels, C. Pinkenburg, D. Moisa, Th. Blaich, S. C. Jeong, S. Hölbling, G. Guillaume, M. Dželalija, C. Cerruti, T. Wienold, Pascal Dupieux, B. Sikora, R. Dona, G. S. Wang, James Ritman, Mihai Petrovici, M. A. Vasiliev, J. Biegansky, G. Mgebrishvili, V. T. Smolyankin, P. Koncz, P. Pras, Y. Korchagin, Z. Seres, Z. G. Fan, Christian Claude Kuhn, Fouad Rami, K. M. Teh, V. Simion, J. P. Coffin, I. Belyaev, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, C. Roy, J. Keczkemeti, M. Kirejczyk, Nicole Bastid, L. Tizniti, M. Krämer, D. Schüll, K. Wisniewski, A. Sadchikov, I. Legrand, B. Hong, P. Wagner, R. Kotte, D. Pelte, J. Mösner, W. Reisdorf, Vladislav Manko, A. Buta, R. P. Freifelder, A. Zhilin, V. Amouroux, K. D. Hildenbrand, E. Erö, A.L. Lebedev, J. P. Alard, Z. Fodor, and A. Gobbi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Phase (waves), Charge (physics), Nuclear matter, Azimuth, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Reactions, Au-197 (Au-197, X), E=100-800 MeV/nucleon, Azimuthal anisotropy, Out-of-plane emission, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Anisotropy, Saturation (magnetic), Beam (structure)
Abstract: We present new experimental results concerning the azimuthal distributions of proton-likes, light and intermediate mass fragments at midrapidity for Au(100-800 AMeV)+Au collisions measured with the FOPI phase-I detector at GSI in Darmstadt. The azimuthal distributions are investigated as a function of the collision centrality, the incident energy, the fragment charge and transverse momentum. The azimuthal anisotropy is maximum for impact parameters around 7 fm. Intermediate mass fragments present a stronger out-of-plane emission signal than light fragments and a saturation is reached for Z greater than or equal to 4. The azimuthal anisotropy increases with the fragment transverse momentum and decreases as the incident energy increases. The azimuthal anisotropy of Z = 2 particles investigated as a function of the scaled fragment transverse momentum follows an universal curve for bombarding energies between 250-800 AMeV. A signature for a transition from in-plane to out-of-plane emission is evidenced at the lowest beam energies.
Published: 1997

50. Charged pion production in Au on Au collisions at 1 AGeV The FOPI Collaboration

Author: Y. Leifels, Christian Claude Kuhn, E. Häfele, D. Best, Mihai Petrovici, U. Sodan, G. Goebels, James Ritman, A. Gobbi, Peter Wagner, Z. Seres, R. Čaplar, J. Mösner, W. Reisdorf, Vladislav Manko, Y. Korchagin, V. T. Smolyankin, P. Pras, I. Belyaev, J. P. Coffin, A. Buta, D. Moisa, D. Wohlfarth, A. Genoux-Lubain, V. Ramillien, G. Guillaume, G.S. Wang, F. Jundt, P. Crochet, V. Simion, D. Lambrecht, A. Zhilin, C. Roy, M. Eskef, Z. Fodor, P. Koncz, V. Amouroux, R. Kotte, M. Kirejczyk, J. P. Alard, T. Wienold, D. Pelte, J. Biegansky, M. A. Vasiliev, Anton Andronic, D. Schüll, I. Legrand, J. Kecskemeti, Nicole Bastid, P. Fintz, Fouad Rami, N. Herrmann, C. Pinkenburg, M. Korolija, Byung-Sik Hong, Alexandre Lebedev, B. Sikora, W. Neubert, M. Trzaska, N. Cindro, Pascal Dupieux, H. Merlitz, S. Mohren, J. Erö, K. D. Hildenbrand, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Z. Basrak, and M. Dzelalija
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Equation of state, Nuclear Theory, Kinetic energy, Spectral line, Momentum, Nuclear physics, Pion, Nuclear fusion, Hermetic detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Charged pions are measured with the 4π detector FOPI at GSI using the Au on Au reaction at 1.06 AGeV bombarding energy. The pion multiplicities ngp increase with the number of participants Apart. The average pion multiplicities per participant are #### and #### These values are only half as large as extrapolated from the low-mass systems studied by Harris et al. The ratio #### increases with Apart and decreases with the pion kinetic energies. The pion kinetic energy spectra have concave shapes, their parametrization in terms of thermal Boltzmann distributions yields a low (T l,π) and high (Th,π) temperature which change with the cm emission angle Θ of the pions. In the angular range 45dg is larger than , the high temperatures , are, within experimental uncertainties, the same. The inclusive polar angular distributions of pions are anisotropic, dσ/dΩ increases for forward and backward angles. The forward — backward enhancements are independent of the pion kinetic energies or the number of participants. In addition to the preferred forward — backward emission, also the enhanced emission into the transverse direction Θ = 90° is observed for pions with high energies or for pions from near-central collisions. These observations and the shape of the rapidity spectra suggest that pions, emitted from the central rapidity region, are partly rescattered by spectator matter. The strength of the rescattering process depends only weakly on the number of participants. The experimental data are compared to the results of IQMD/GEANT calculations using momentum dependent NN interactions and a hard equation of state. The calculated pion multiplicities are approximately 50% larger than experimentally determined; the existence of secondary pion sources is reproduced by the calculation, but their predicted strengths are larger than experimentally observed.
Published: 1997

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