13,397 results on '"Köksal AS"'
Search Results
2. MURI: High-Quality Instruction Tuning Datasets for Low-Resource Languages via Reverse Instructions
- Author
-
Köksal, Abdullatif, Thaler, Marion, Imani, Ayyoob, Üstün, Ahmet, Korhonen, Anna, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Instruction tuning enhances large language models (LLMs) by aligning them with human preferences across diverse tasks. Traditional approaches to create instruction tuning datasets face serious challenges for low-resource languages due to their dependence on data annotation. This work introduces a novel method, Multilingual Reverse Instructions (MURI), which generates high-quality instruction tuning datasets for low-resource languages without requiring human annotators or pre-existing multilingual models. Utilizing reverse instructions and a translation pipeline, MURI produces instruction-output pairs from existing human-written texts in low-resource languages. This method ensures cultural relevance and diversity by sourcing texts from different native domains and applying filters to eliminate inappropriate content. Our dataset, MURI-IT, includes more than 2 million instruction-output pairs across 200 languages. Evaluation by native speakers and fine-tuning experiments with mT5 models demonstrate the approach's effectiveness for both NLU and open-ended generation. We publicly release datasets and models at https://github.com/akoksal/muri.
- Published
- 2024
3. SURGIVID: Annotation-Efficient Surgical Video Object Discovery
- Author
-
Köksal, Çağhan, Ghazaei, Ghazal, and Navab, Nassir
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Surgical scenes convey crucial information about the quality of surgery. Pixel-wise localization of tools and anatomical structures is the first task towards deeper surgical analysis for microscopic or endoscopic surgical views. This is typically done via fully-supervised methods which are annotation greedy and in several cases, demanding medical expertise. Considering the profusion of surgical videos obtained through standardized surgical workflows, we propose an annotation-efficient framework for the semantic segmentation of surgical scenes. We employ image-based self-supervised object discovery to identify the most salient tools and anatomical structures in surgical videos. These proposals are further refined within a minimally supervised fine-tuning step. Our unsupervised setup reinforced with only 36 annotation labels indicates comparable localization performance with fully-supervised segmentation models. Further, leveraging surgical phase labels as weak labels can better guide model attention towards surgical tools, leading to $\sim 2\%$ improvement in tool localization. Extensive ablation studies on the CaDIS dataset validate the effectiveness of our proposed solution in discovering relevant surgical objects with minimal or no supervision., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
- Published
- 2024
4. CRAFT Your Dataset: Task-Specific Synthetic Dataset Generation Through Corpus Retrieval and Augmentation
- Author
-
Ziegler, Ingo, Köksal, Abdullatif, Elliott, Desmond, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Building high-quality datasets for specialized tasks is a time-consuming and resource-intensive process that often requires specialized domain knowledge. We propose Corpus Retrieval and Augmentation for Fine-Tuning (CRAFT), a method for generating synthetic datasets, given a small number of user-written few-shots that demonstrate the task to be performed. Given the few-shot examples, we use large-scale public web-crawled corpora and similarity-based document retrieval to find other relevant human-written documents. Lastly, instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) augment the retrieved documents into custom-formatted task samples, which then can be used for fine-tuning. We demonstrate that CRAFT can efficiently generate large-scale task-specific training datasets for four diverse tasks: biology question-answering (QA), medicine QA and commonsense QA as well as summarization. Our experiments show that CRAFT-based models outperform or achieve comparable performance to general LLMs for QA tasks, while CRAFT-based summarization models outperform models trained on human-curated data by 46 preference points.
- Published
- 2024
5. SYNTHEVAL: Hybrid Behavioral Testing of NLP Models with Synthetic CheckLists
- Author
-
Zhao, Raoyuan, Köksal, Abdullatif, Liu, Yihong, Weissweiler, Leonie, Korhonen, Anna, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Traditional benchmarking in NLP typically involves using static held-out test sets. However, this approach often results in an overestimation of performance and lacks the ability to offer comprehensive, interpretable, and dynamic assessments of NLP models. Recently, works like DynaBench (Kiela et al., 2021) and CheckList (Ribeiro et al., 2020) have addressed these limitations through behavioral testing of NLP models with test types generated by a multistep human-annotated pipeline. Unfortunately, manually creating a variety of test types requires much human labor, often at prohibitive cost. In this work, we propose SYNTHEVAL, a hybrid behavioral testing framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) to generate a wide range of test types for a comprehensive evaluation of NLP models. SYNTHEVAL first generates sentences via LLMs using controlled generation, and then identifies challenging examples by comparing the predictions made by LLMs with task-specific NLP models. In the last stage, human experts investigate the challenging examples, manually design templates, and identify the types of failures the taskspecific models consistently exhibit. We apply SYNTHEVAL to two classification tasks, sentiment analysis and toxic language detection, and show that our framework is effective in identifying weaknesses of strong models on these tasks. We share our code in https://github.com/Loreley99/SynthEval_CheckList.
- Published
- 2024
6. Constraints on $\tau$ electromagnetic moments via tau pair production at the Muon colliders
- Author
-
Denizli, H., Senol, A., and Köksal, M.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The anomalous magnetic ($\tilde{a}_\tau$) and electric dipole ($\tilde{d}_\tau$) moment of tau lepton described in $\tau\bar{\tau}\gamma$ vertices are studied via $\mu^{+}\mu^{-} \rightarrow \tau^+\bar{\tau}^-$ process at the Muon colliders designed with the proposed center-of-mass-energy / integrated luminosity configurations of 3 TeV/ 1 ab$^{-1}$ and 10 TeV/ 10 ab$^{-1}$.We obtained the $95\%$ confidence level limits on the $\tilde{a}_\tau$ and $\tilde{d}_\tau$ parameters without and with systematic uncertainty of $10\%$ and compared with the experimental results.The most stringent limits on the anomalous couplings without systematic uncertainty are $-2.63\times10^{-4}< \tilde{a}_\tau <2. 65\times10^{-4}$ and $\mid \tilde{d}_\tau \mid \leq 1.47\times10^{-18} e cm$ at $\sqrt s =10$ TeV and $L_{int}$=10 ab$^{-1}$ option of the Muon collider. Our results show that the Muon colliders lead to a remarkable improvement on the current experimental limits of the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures
- Published
- 2024
7. Adaptation and Development of Parent Rating Scale for Giftedness
- Author
-
Seyda Aydin-Karaca, Mustafa Serdar Köksal, and Bilkay Bi
- Abstract
This study aimed to develop a parent rating scale (PRSG) for screening children for further identification process in terms of giftedness. The participants of the study were 255 parents of gifted and non-gifted students. The PRSG, consisting of 30 items, was created by consulting parents and reviewing instruments existent in the literature. As part of the validity testing, the content, construct, and criterion-related validities were examined. Expert opinion was sought for content validity. Construct validity was achieved as the findings of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three-factor model in the 27-item instrument. The parents rated their own children after the researchers showed them how to rate their children. One hundred and sixty parents had a gifted child. Finally, the scores given by the parents of gifted children and those of the non-gifted were compared, which yielded a statistically significant difference between the mean scores in favor of the scores given by the parents of the gifted. The Cronbach alpha value was found to be .95 for the whole instrument.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. SANGRIA: Surgical Video Scene Graph Optimization for Surgical Workflow Prediction
- Author
-
Köksal, Çağhan, Ghazaei, Ghazal, Holm, Felix, Farshad, Azade, and Navab, Nassir
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Graph-based holistic scene representations facilitate surgical workflow understanding and have recently demonstrated significant success. However, this task is often hindered by the limited availability of densely annotated surgical scene data. In this work, we introduce an end-to-end framework for the generation and optimization of surgical scene graphs on a downstream task. Our approach leverages the flexibility of graph-based spectral clustering and the generalization capability of foundation models to generate unsupervised scene graphs with learnable properties. We reinforce the initial spatial graph with sparse temporal connections using local matches between consecutive frames to predict temporally consistent clusters across a temporal neighborhood. By jointly optimizing the spatiotemporal relations and node features of the dynamic scene graph with the downstream task of phase segmentation, we address the costly and annotation-burdensome task of semantic scene comprehension and scene graph generation in surgical videos using only weak surgical phase labels. Further, by incorporating effective intermediate scene representation disentanglement steps within the pipeline, our solution outperforms the SOTA on the CATARACTS dataset by 8% accuracy and 10% F1 score in surgical workflow recognition, Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, MICCAI GRAIL Workshop paper
- Published
- 2024
9. TurkishMMLU: Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding in Turkish
- Author
-
Yüksel, Arda, Köksal, Abdullatif, Şenel, Lütfi Kerem, Korhonen, Anna, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Multiple choice question answering tasks evaluate the reasoning, comprehension, and mathematical abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). While existing benchmarks employ automatic translation for multilingual evaluation, this approach is error-prone and potentially introduces culturally biased questions, especially in social sciences. We introduce the first multitask, multiple-choice Turkish QA benchmark, TurkishMMLU, to evaluate LLMs' understanding of the Turkish language. TurkishMMLU includes over 10,000 questions, covering 9 different subjects from Turkish high-school education curricula. These questions are written by curriculum experts, suitable for the high-school curricula in Turkey, covering subjects ranging from natural sciences and math questions to more culturally representative topics such as Turkish Literature and the history of the Turkish Republic. We evaluate over 20 LLMs, including multilingual open-source (e.g., Gemma, Llama, MT5), closed-source (GPT 4o, Claude, Gemini), and Turkish-adapted (e.g., Trendyol) models. We provide an extensive evaluation, including zero-shot and few-shot evaluation of LLMs, chain-of-thought reasoning, and question difficulty analysis along with model performance. We provide an in-depth analysis of the Turkish capabilities and limitations of current LLMs to provide insights for future LLMs for the Turkish language. We publicly release our code for the dataset and evaluation: https://github.com/ArdaYueksel/TurkishMMLU., Comment: EMNLP 2024 - Findings
- Published
- 2024
10. Consistent Document-Level Relation Extraction via Counterfactuals
- Author
-
Modarressi, Ali, Köksal, Abdullatif, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Many datasets have been developed to train and evaluate document-level relation extraction (RE) models. Most of these are constructed using real-world data. It has been shown that RE models trained on real-world data suffer from factual biases. To evaluate and address this issue, we present CovEReD, a counterfactual data generation approach for document-level relation extraction datasets using entity replacement. We first demonstrate that models trained on factual data exhibit inconsistent behavior: while they accurately extract triples from factual data, they fail to extract the same triples after counterfactual modification. This inconsistency suggests that models trained on factual data rely on spurious signals such as specific entities and external knowledge $\unicode{x2013}$ rather than on the input context $\unicode{x2013}$ to extract triples. We show that by generating document-level counterfactual data with CovEReD and training models on them, consistency is maintained with minimal impact on RE performance. We release our CovEReD pipeline as well as Re-DocRED-CF, a dataset of counterfactual RE documents, to assist in evaluating and addressing inconsistency in document-level RE.
- Published
- 2024
11. MemLLM: Finetuning LLMs to Use An Explicit Read-Write Memory
- Author
-
Modarressi, Ali, Köksal, Abdullatif, Imani, Ayyoob, Fayyaz, Mohsen, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
While current large language models (LLMs) demonstrate some capabilities in knowledge-intensive tasks, they are limited by relying on their parameters as an implicit storage mechanism. As a result, they struggle with infrequent knowledge and temporal degradation. In addition, the uninterpretable nature of parametric memorization makes it challenging to understand and prevent hallucination. Parametric memory pools and model editing are only partial solutions. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) $\unicode{x2013}$ though non-parametric $\unicode{x2013}$ has its own limitations: it lacks structure, complicates interpretability and makes it hard to effectively manage stored knowledge. In this paper, we introduce MemLLM, a novel method of enhancing LLMs by integrating a structured and explicit read-and-write memory module. MemLLM tackles the aforementioned challenges by enabling dynamic interaction with the memory and improving the LLM's capabilities in using stored knowledge. Our experiments indicate that MemLLM enhances the LLM's performance and interpretability, in language modeling in general and knowledge-intensive tasks in particular. We see MemLLM as an important step towards making LLMs more grounded and factual through memory augmentation.
- Published
- 2024
12. XoFTR: Cross-modal Feature Matching Transformer
- Author
-
Tuzcuoğlu, Önder, Köksal, Aybora, Sofu, Buğra, Kalkan, Sinan, and Alatan, A. Aydın
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
We introduce, XoFTR, a cross-modal cross-view method for local feature matching between thermal infrared (TIR) and visible images. Unlike visible images, TIR images are less susceptible to adverse lighting and weather conditions but present difficulties in matching due to significant texture and intensity differences. Current hand-crafted and learning-based methods for visible-TIR matching fall short in handling viewpoint, scale, and texture diversities. To address this, XoFTR incorporates masked image modeling pre-training and fine-tuning with pseudo-thermal image augmentation to handle the modality differences. Additionally, we introduce a refined matching pipeline that adjusts for scale discrepancies and enhances match reliability through sub-pixel level refinement. To validate our approach, we collect a comprehensive visible-thermal dataset, and show that our method outperforms existing methods on many benchmarks., Comment: CVPR Image Matching Workshop, 2024. 12 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. Codes and dataset are available at https://github.com/OnderT/XoFTR
- Published
- 2024
13. Hybrid Human-LLM Corpus Construction and LLM Evaluation for Rare Linguistic Phenomena
- Author
-
Weissweiler, Leonie, Köksal, Abdullatif, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Argument Structure Constructions (ASCs) are one of the most well-studied construction groups, providing a unique opportunity to demonstrate the usefulness of Construction Grammar (CxG). For example, the caused-motion construction (CMC, ``She sneezed the foam off her cappuccino'') demonstrates that constructions must carry meaning, otherwise the fact that ``sneeze'' in this context causes movement cannot be explained. We form the hypothesis that this remains challenging even for state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs), for which we devise a test based on substituting the verb with a prototypical motion verb. To be able to perform this test at statistically significant scale, in the absence of adequate CxG corpora, we develop a novel pipeline of NLP-assisted collection of linguistically annotated text. We show how dependency parsing and GPT-3.5 can be used to significantly reduce annotation cost and thus enable the annotation of rare phenomena at scale. We then evaluate GPT, Gemini, Llama2 and Mistral models for their understanding of the CMC using the newly collected corpus. We find that all models struggle with understanding the motion component that the CMC adds to a sentence.
- Published
- 2024
14. Gender bias of antisocial and borderline personality disorders among psychiatrists
- Author
-
Özel, Beren, Karakaya, Ezgi, Köksal, Fazilet, Altinoz, Ali Ercan, and Yilmaz-Karaman, Imran Gokcen
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Factors predict prolonged colonoscopy before the procedure: prospective registry study
- Author
-
Dinçer, Burak, Ömeroğlu, Sinan, Güven, Onur, Akgün, İsmail Ethem, Celayir, Mustafa Fevzi, Gürbulak, Esin Kabul, Yazıcı, Pınar, Köksal, Hakan Mustafa, and Demir, Uygar
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A study on combustion behaviour and reaction kinetics mechanism of some Egean region Turkish lignites
- Author
-
Köksal Öztürk, Dilan, Levent, Menderes, and Gündoğan, Kadir
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The future muon collider for the research of the anomalous neutral quartic $Z\gamma\gamma\gamma$, $ZZ\gamma\gamma$, and $ZZZ\gamma$ couplings
- Author
-
Cetinkaya, V., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, A., Köksal, M., Gurkanli, E., Ari, V., and Hernández-Ruíz, M. A.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
In the post-LHC era, the muon collider represents a frontier project capable of providing high-energy and high-luminosity leptonic collisions among future lepton-lepton particle accelerators. In addition, it provides significantly cleaner final states than those produced in hadron collisions. With this expectation in mind, in this article, we research the sensitivity of the anomalous neutral gauge boson couplings $Z\gamma\gamma\gamma$, $ZZ\gamma \gamma$, and $ZZZ\gamma$ defined by dimension-8 operators, through the $\mu^+\mu^- \to \mu^+\mu^-Z\gamma$ signal, with the $Z$-boson decaying to neutrino pair. The projections of new physics at the future muon collider with the center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=10$ TeV, integrated luminosity of ${\cal L}=10$ $\rm ab^{-1}$, and systematic uncertainties of $\delta_{sys}=0\%, 3\%, 5\%$, for extraction of expected sensitivity on the anomalous $f_ {T,j}/\Lambda^4$ couplings at $95\%$ confidence level, are of the order of ${\cal O}(10^{-4}- 10^{-3})$. Compared with the research of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations on the anomalous quartic gauge couplings, we find that the high-luminosity future muon collider could have better sensitivity.
- Published
- 2023
18. Hallucination Augmented Recitations for Language Models
- Author
-
Köksal, Abdullatif, Aksitov, Renat, and Chang, Chung-Ching
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Attribution is a key concept in large language models (LLMs) as it enables control over information sources and enhances the factuality of LLMs. While existing approaches utilize open book question answering to improve attribution, factual datasets may reward language models to recall facts that they already know from their pretraining data, not attribution. In contrast, counterfactual open book QA datasets would further improve attribution because the answer could only be grounded in the given text. We propose Hallucination Augmented Recitations (HAR) for creating counterfactual datasets by utilizing hallucination in LLMs to improve attribution. For open book QA as a case study, we demonstrate that models finetuned with our counterfactual datasets improve text grounding, leading to better open book QA performance, with up to an 8.0% increase in F1 score. Our counterfactual dataset leads to significantly better performance than using humanannotated factual datasets, even with 4x smaller datasets and 4x smaller models. We observe that improvements are consistent across various model sizes and datasets, including multi-hop, biomedical, and adversarial QA datasets.
- Published
- 2023
19. Impact of Vocabulary Teaching Approach in Turkish Curriculum on Turkish Textbooks and Use of Technology in Vocabulary Teaching
- Author
-
Mete, Filiz, Alibasiç, Berra, and Köksal, Beyza
- Abstract
Knowing a word means knowing its pronunciation, spelling, concept area, and meaning layers. Vocabulary is never an area that can be learned completely by individuals; rather it is a field that expands and deepens throughout life. Vocabulary teaching requires much more than just looking up words in a dictionary or using them in a sentence. Vocabulary is formed either by coincidence through indirect exposure to words or by deliberate and planned acquisition of certain words with vocabulary learning strategies. In this respect, the materials and lesson plans for teaching vocabulary should be prepared to enable the individual to comprehend words with multiple meanings and to use them effectively. Because the vocabulary of an individual will directly have an impact on effective use of four basic skills of the language (listening, reading, speaking, and writing). In this study, the approach of the Turkish curriculum and Turkish textbooks to vocabulary teaching is examined and the areas of utilisation of web 2.0 tools in vocabulary teaching are exemplified within the scope of technological development. This research is a qualitative study using the data which were collected through document analysis. Data collection sources are Turkish course curricula and secondary school Turkish textbooks. Results of the study show that, there is a conflict between the curriculum and the textbook in terms of vocabulary teaching; the vocabulary teaching activities are monotonous and are predominantly associated with the reading skill which is just one of the four basic language skills; Turkish textbooks lack addressing to related technological tools. Moreover, the planning of vocabulary teaching in the Turkish curriculum is not clear enough. In this context, the present study introduces various web 2.0 tools for the interest of curriculum developers, textbook authors, and Turkish teachers to effectively teach vocabulary.
- Published
- 2023
20. Content Analysis of Music Education Studies Related to Augmented Reality Technology
- Author
-
Apaydinli, Köksal
- Abstract
This study aims to examine the studies scanned in Web of Science and Scopus databases between 2006-2020 on the use of augmented reality applications in music education in terms of their descriptive features, methodological features, and outcomes, and to reveal the trends in this field. The criterion sample approach was utilized in this qualitative study, and 35 selected studies were reviewed using the publication classification form and analyzed using the content analysis method. The descriptive and methodological feature data were translated into frequency values using the SPSS 22 program and then interpreted using tables and charts for easy comprehension. Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of AR applications utilized in music education, which were the research's outputs, were coded, organized into relevant categories, and interpreted. The results showed that most studies focused on piano and guitar education for beginners; no studies were undertaken on wind instruments or voice training. Studies, particularly in recent years, have focused on user experience research. Furthermore, it was found that AR applications have the advantages of increasing and facilitating student learning performance, making learning exciting and fun, and providing motivation. Some challenges during use, owing to technical issues and limited field content in the programs, resulted in limited improvements in music education.
- Published
- 2023
21. The Role of Critical Thinking Dispositions and Depressive Symptoms in Predicting Teacher Candidates' Perceptions of 'Teacher Self-Efficacy'
- Author
-
Aysegül Kiliçaslan Çelikkol and Ayça Köksal Konik
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among pre-service teachers' perceptions of teacher self-efficacy (TSE), critical thinking dispositions (CTD), and depressive symptoms. Correlational survey, one of the quantitative research designs, was used as the research design of this study. The participants of the study consisted of 450 pre-service teachers studying at the Faculty of Education of a state university in Turkey. The California Critical Thinking Disposition Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale, and a researcher-developed demographic information form were used to collect data. The collected data was analyzed using the Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient and multiple regression analysis techniques. The results of the study revealed that the subdimensions of critical thinking disposition and depressive symptoms had significant positive correlations with all dimensions of teacher self-efficacy. Another important finding was that CTD and depressive symptoms are important variables in predicting preservice teachers' self-efficacy beliefs. The present study also addressed the implications for teacher education and provided insights for future research directions.
- Published
- 2023
22. 'Raising Gifted Children' Metaphor from the Perspectives of Turkish Gifted and Talented Children's Parents
- Author
-
Ayça Köksal Konik
- Abstract
In this study, the mental images (metaphors) held by Turkish parents who have children diagnosed as gifted and talented at the age of 6, were examined regarding the concept of raising gifted children. In line with this objective, parents were asked to complete the sentence, "Raising a gifted child is like... because..." The collected data were analyzed using qualitative (content analysis) data analysis techniques. According to the findings of the research, it was observed that parents with gifted children generated a total of 71 valid metaphors regarding the concept of raising their children. These metaphors were categorized under 6 different conceptual categories based on their common characteristics. According to the obtained conceptual categories, raising gifted children was perceived as a demanding and challenging process, a process requiring extra patience and effort, these children were seen as the future of society, and individuals involved with this group of children were required to develop themselves, and it was also seen as a fun and developmental process.
- Published
- 2023
23. A Critical Overview of English Language Education Policy in Turkey
- Author
-
Sönmez, Görsev and Köksal, Onur
- Abstract
The present chapter which sets a critical perspective delves into the English language education (ELE) policy in Turkey in the light of the innovations that have been proposed by the ministry of education (MoNE) at macro level. The study covers a wide range of topics that shed light into the following issues: history of ELE in Turkey, factors affecting ELE namely; geographical and social dimensions, globalization and internationalization. Moreover, the innovations that have been proposed for ELE and their reflections in practice are also discussed from a critical stance. As a final issue, the problems that have been experienced as a result of the implementation of innovations and possible solutions that might help overcome those hardships are explained from a critical point of view.
- Published
- 2022
24. The mediating and buffering effect of resilience on the relationship between loneliness and social media addiction among adolescent
- Author
-
Yam, Faruk Caner, Yıldırım, Oğuzhan, and Köksal, Burak
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Evaluation of subarcuate canal on CT images in the perspective of clinical basis
- Author
-
Akduman, Davut, Altıntaş, Hilal Melis, Demir, Berin Tuğtağ, Köksal, Ali, Çankal, Fatih, Patat, Dilara, and Bilecenoğlu, Burak
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Safety and efficacy of helical tomotherapy following lung-sparing surgery in locally advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma
- Author
-
Layer, Julian P., Fischer, Pascal, Dejonckheere, Cas S., Sarria, Gustavo R., Mispelbaum, Rebekka, Hattenhauer, Tessa, Wiegreffe, Shari, Glasmacher, Andrea R., Layer, Katharina, Nour, Youness, Caglayan, Lara, Grau, Franziska, Müdder, Thomas, Köksal, Mümtaz, Scafa, Davide, Giordano, Frank A., Lopez-Pastorini, Alberto, Stoelben, Erich, Schmeel, Leonard Christopher, and Leitzen, Christina
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Beyond the Environmental Kuznets Curve in South Asian economies: accounting for the combined effect of information and communication technology, human development and urbanization
- Author
-
Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi, Agozie, Divine Q., Bekun, Festus Victor, and Köksal, Cihat
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Probing the electromagnetic properties of the neutrinos at future lepton colliders
- Author
-
Denizli, H., Senol, A., and Köksal, M.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
In this study, we explore the non-standard $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings parametrized by dimension-seven operators via $e^{+}e^{-} \to \nu\bar{\nu}\gamma$ process at the FCC-ee/CEPC and $\mu^{+}\mu^{-}\to\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma$ process at the Muon Colliders. For the detailed Monte Carlo simulation, all signal and relevant background events are produced within the framework of Madgraph where non-standard $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings are implemented. After passing through Pythia for parton showering and hadronization, detector effects are included via tuned corresponding detector cards for each collider in Delphes. Projected sensitivities on $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings are obtained at a 5$\sigma$ confidence level without and with $5\%$ systematic uncertainties for the FCC-ee/CEPC and the Muon Colliders, showcasing the complementarity between lepton colliders. Our best limit on the anomalous $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings even with 5\% systematic uncertainties for muon collider with $\sqrt{s}=10$ TeV and $L_{int}=3$ ab$^{-1}$ are found to be thirteen orders of magnitude stronger than the upper bound obtained from rare decay $Z\to\gamma\gamma\nu\bar{\nu}$ analysis using LEP data., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures
- Published
- 2023
29. Expected sensitivity on the anomalous quartic neutral gauge couplings in $\gamma\gamma$ collisions at the CLIC
- Author
-
Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, A., Gurkanli, E., Köksal, M., Ari, V., and Hernández-Ruíz, M. A.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The presence of multi-boson self-interactions is implied by the non-Abelian gauge structure of the Standard Model (SM). Precise measurements of these interactions allow not only testing the nature of the SM but also new physics contribution arising from the beyond SM. The investigation of these interactions can be approached in a model-independent manner using an effective theory approach, which forms the main motivation of this study. In this paper, we examine the anomalous neutral quartic gauge couplings through the process $\gamma \gamma \rightarrow Z Z$ at the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) with the center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=3$ TeV, integrated luminosities of ${\cal L}=5$ $\rm ab^{-1}$. The anomalous neutral quartic gauge couplings is implemented into FeynRules to generate a UFO module inserted into Madgraph to generate both background and signal events. These events are then passed through Pythia 8 for parton showering and Delphes to include realistic detector effects. We obtain that the sensitivities on the anomalous quartic neutral gauge couplings with $95\%$ Confidence Level are given as: $f_{T0}/\Lambda^{4}=[-1.06; 1.08]\times 10^{-3}$ ${\rm TeV^{-4}}$, $f_{T1}/\Lambda^{4}=[-1.06; 1.08]\times 10^{-3}$ ${\rm TeV^{-4}}$,$f_{T2}/\Lambda^{4}=[-1.06; 1.08]\times 10^{-3}$ ${\rm TeV^{-4}}$,$f_{T0}/\Lambda^{4}=[-1.06; 1.08]\times 10^{-3}$ ${\rm TeV^{-4}}$, $f_{T5}/\Lambda^{4}=[-4.08; 4.08]\times 10^{-4}$ ${\rm TeV^{-4}}$ and $f_{T8}/\Lambda^{4}=[-1.10; 1.10]\times10^{-4}$ ${\rm TeV^{-4}}$. Our results on the anomalous quartic neutral gauge couplings are set more stringent sensitivity with respect to the recent experimental limits., Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Observational study of immunosuppressive treatment patterns and outcomes in primary membranous nephropathy: a multicenter retrospective analysis
- Author
-
Ayşe Serra Artan, Şafak Mirioğlu, Rabia Hacer Hocaoğlu, Kenan Turgutalp, Saide Elif Güllülü Boz, Necmi Eren, Mevlüt Tamer Dinçer, Sami Uzun, Gülizar Şahin, Sim Kutlay, Şimal Köksal Cevher, Hamad Dheir, Mürvet Yılmaz, Taner Baştürk, Erhan Tatar, İlhan Kurultak, Ramazan Öztürk, Hakkı Arıkan, Serap Yadigar, Onur Tunca, Kültigin Türkmen, Ömer Celal Elçioğlu, Bülent Kaya, Şebnem Karakan, Yavuz Ayar, Cuma Bülent Gül, Halil Yazıcı, and Savaş Öztürk
- Subjects
Membranous nephropathy ,Immunosuppression ,Chronic kidney disease ,Remission ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Abstract Background We evaluated the efficacy of different immunosuppressive regimens in patients with primary membranous nephropathy in a large national cohort. Methods In this registry study, 558 patients from 47 centers who were treated with at least one immunosuppressive agent and had adequate follow-up data were included. Primary outcome was defined as complete (CR) or partial remission (PR). Secondary composite outcome was at least a 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR), initiation of kidney replacement therapies, development of stage 5 chronic kidney disease, or death. Results Median age at diagnosis was 48 (IQR: 37–57) years, and 358 (64.2%) were male. Patients were followed for a median of 24 (IQR: 12–60) months. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) with or without glucocorticoids were the most commonly used regimen (43.4%), followed by glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide (GC-CYC) (39.6%), glucocorticoid monotherapy (25.8%), and rituximab (RTX) (9.1%). Overall remission rate was 66.1% (CR 26.7%, PR 39.4%), and 59 (10.6%) patients reached secondary composite outcome. Multivariate logistic regression showed that baseline eGFR (OR 1.011, 95% CI: 1.003–1.019, p = 0.007), serum albumin (OR 1.682, 95% CI: 1.269–2.231, p
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Exploring of biological activity and diverse metabolites in hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil by GC/MS, GC–FID, and LC–HRMS chromatographies
- Author
-
İlhami Gulcin, Eda Mehtap Ozden, Muzaffer Mutlu, Ziba Mirzaee, Zeynebe Bingol, Ekrem Köksal, Saleh Alwasel, and Ahmet C. Goren
- Subjects
Cannabis sativa ,Hemp seed oil ,Chromatography ,Antioxidant activity ,Enzyme inhibition ,LC–HRMS ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Abstract Background This study investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of hemp seed oil using various bioanalytical methods. Furthermore, this study determined the suppressive properties of hemp seed oil on α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase II that purified by the sepharose-4B-L-Tyrosine-sulfanilamide affinity chromatoghraphy, all of which are related to different metabolic diseases. Moreover, the phenolic concentration in the essential oil was quantified through LC–HRMS chromatography. Thirteen distinct phenolic compounds were detected in hemp seed oil. Additionally, both the chemical components and quantity of essential oils within hemp seed oil were assessed through GC–FID and GC/MS analyses. Results The predominant essential oils in hemp seed oil included linoleoyl chloride (34.62%), linoleic acid (33.21%), and 2-4-di-tert-butylphenol (5.79%). Hemp seed oil's ability to scavenge radicals was studied through the use of 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil bioanalytical radical scavenging methods. The results unveiled its potent radical-scavenging properties, with an 46.20 μg/mL for 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals and IC50 of 9.76 μg/mL for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil radicals. The investigation also extended to explore the reducing capabilities of Fe3+-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine, copper (Cu2+), and iron (Fe3+). Hemp seed oil demonstrated notable inhibitory effect against α-amylase (IC50: 545.66 μg/mL), achethylcholinesterase (IC50: 28.00 μg/mL), and carbonic anhydrase II (IC50: 322.62 μg/mL). Conclusions This interdisciplinary research will prove valuable and set the stage for future investigations into the antioxidant characteristics and enzyme inhibition patterns of plants and plants oils that hold medical and industrial significance.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Assessment of the Distribution of Intestinal Parasites Detected in the Parasitology Laboratory of Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine Between 2017 and 2021
- Author
-
Mehtap Demirkazık, Eylem Akdur Öztürk, and Fatih Köksal
- Subjects
intestinal parasites ,çukurova ,adana ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Objective: It is known that protozoa and helminths that cause intestinal infections adversely affect human life. Changing climate and demographic and socio-economic factors worldwide necessitate the determination and updating of the incidence of these parasites. Our study aimed to retrospectively examine the distribution of intestinal parasites detected in the Parasitology Laboratory of Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine between 2017 and 2021. Methods: Parasitological examinations were performed using the native-lugol and formol-ether condensation method. Staining method (Modified Ziehl-Neelsen) and cellophane tape method were then applied to evaluate the specimens considered necessary. Results: One or more parasites were detected in 33 of 373 patients (8.8%) evaluated in the study. These were Giardia intestinalis at a rate of 30.5% (11/36), Enterobius vermicularis at a rate of 27.7% (10/36), Blastocystis sp. at a rate of 19.4% (7/36), Entamoeba coli at a rate of 11.1% (4/36), Cryptosporidium spp. at a rate of 8.3% (3/36) and Taenia saginata at a rate of 2.7% (1/36). It was determined that two patients were coinfected by Entamoeba coli and Blastocystis sp. while one patient was coinfected by Entamoeba coli and Giardia intestinalis. Conclusion: It is thought that determining the incidence of intestinal parasites, which are an important public health problem, may help guide studies for preventive health services. Although the five-year laboratory data obtained from the study do not reflect our region, it is thought that intestinal parasites maintain their importance
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Usefulness of the Leipzig Score in the Diagnosis of Wilson’s Disease - A Diagnostically Challenging Case Report
- Author
-
Basan NM, Sheikh Hassan M, Gökhan Z, Nur Alper S, Yaşar SŞ, Gür T, and Köksal A
- Subjects
wilson's disease ,hepatolenticular degeneration ,magnetic resonance imaging ,hepato-neurologic wilson disease ,neuroradiology ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Nuri Mehmet Basan,1 Mohamed Sheikh Hassan,2 Zeynep Gökhan,1 Sena Nur Alper,1 Sümeyye Şevval Yaşar,1 Tuğçe Gür,1 Ayhan Köksal1 1Department of Neurology, University of Health Science, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Neurology, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, SomaliaCorrespondence: Mohamed Sheikh Hassan, Mogadishu Somalia Turkiye Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia, Email dr.m.qalaf@gmail.comAbstract: Wilson’s disease (WD) is a genetic disorder of copper metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive (AR) due to mutations in the ATP7B gene, which is involved in intracellular copper transport. Approximately 40% to 50% of the patients present with neurological symptoms as their first symptom. The most common neurological symptoms are dysarthria, gait abnormalities, ataxia, dystonia, tremor, parkinsonism, and drooling. This case report aims to present a diagnostically challenging case of WD presenting with neurological symptoms. The 38-year-old male patient was admitted with complaints of imbalance, gait disturbance, weakness in the legs, speech impairment, tremors in the hands, syncope, and drooling. The MRI primarily revealed FLAIR, T1, and T hyperintensities in the bilateral globus pallidus of the basal ganglias. At first, the patient was evaluated according to the Leipzig scoring and received one point from the serum ceruloplasmin level and two points from the neurological symptoms and was evaluated as “possible WD” with a total of three points. 24-hour urine copper was collected during and after the D-Penicillamine challenge. After the test, there was an increase of more than 5 times the upper limit. The Leipzig score was recalculated, and a diagnosis of WD was made with a score of five. Even cases without important diagnostic findings such as Kayser-Fleischer ring or high 24-hour urine copper should be evaluated according to the Leipzig score. It is vital to distinguish WD in patients with young-onset movement disorder and neurological symptoms.Keywords: hepatolenticular degeneration, magnetic resonance imaging, hepato-neurologic, Wilson’s disease, neuroradiology
- Published
- 2024
34. Resistance Genes and Mortality in Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremias: Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Author
-
Ahmet Furkan Kurt, Elif Seren Tanrıverdi, Metin Yalçın, Osman Faruk Bayramlar, Sibel Yıldız Kaya, Rıdvan Karaali, Mert Ahmet Kuşkucu, Fatma Köksal Çakırlar, Barış Otlu, İlker İnanç Balkan, Bilgül Mete, Gökhan Aygün, Fehmi Tabak, and Neşe Saltoğlu
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Background: Emerging carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) (CRKP) bacteremias are presenting significant public health risks due to limited treatment options and increased mortality. K. pneumoniae isolates exhibit carbapenem resistance rates that vary from 25% to 50% throughout the European continent, including our country. Aims: To assess the characteristics of CRKP bacteremia, a condition that has recently demonstrated an increasing prevalence in our center. We sought to ascertain the resistance rates of isolated strains to antibiotics other than carbapenems, identify the responsible carbapenemase genes, evaluate the efficacy of antibiotics, determine mortality rates, explore clonality among strains, and investigate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on all these factors. Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Methods: This study included patients aged 18 and older who had experienced meropenem-resistant K. pneumoniae bacteremia. Meropenem resistance was confirmed by employing the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Meropenem minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels were determined using the gradient test, while colistin MIC levels were ascertained using the disk elution technique. Carbapenemase genes were evaluated via colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and clonality analysis was performed using the arbitrarily primed PCR technique. Results: The study comprised 230 patients, with a mean age of 63.1 ± 15.9 years, of whom 58.7% were male. Oxacillinase-48 (OXA-48) was detected in 74.8% of the patients, New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) in 12.6%, OXA-48 + NDM in 7.8%, and KPC in 4.8%. The 14-day and 30-day mortality rates were 57% and 69.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis of the 30-day mortality revealed several crucial factors, including bacteremia development in the intensive care unit, the occurrence of bacteremia during the COVID-19 pandemic, polymicrobial bacteremia, the use of indwelling intravenous catheters, a platelet count of ≤ 140,000/µl, procalcitonin levels of ≥ 6 µg/l, and a Charlson comorbidity score ≥ 3. Notably, the OXA-48 and KPC genes were upregulated significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the NDM gene groups were downregulated. Additionally, both 14-day and 30-day mortality rates increased significantly. Conclusion: In this study, the most prevalent carbapenemase gene was OXA-48; however, there has been a recent increase in KPC genes. No dominant epidemic strain was identified through clonality analysis. The clustering rate was 68% before the pandemic, increasing to 85.7% during the pandemic. The significance of infection control measures is underscored by the rise in both clustering and mortality rates during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Evaluating Nutrient Composition of Adult Patients’ Normal Diet Menus: Experience of Public Hospitals in Türkiye
- Author
-
Beraat Dener, Mustafa Fevzi Karagöz, Hilal Betül Altintaş Başar, İbrahim Hakkı Çağıran, Saniye Bilici, and Eda Köksal
- Subjects
menu planning ,nutritional requirements ,fats ,sodium. ,Agriculture ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Hospital menus are profoundly important to meet the nourishment needs of patients. So, this study is conducted to determine the nutrient adequacy of adult patients’ normal diet menus. Methods: An evaluation of 30-day fixed menus consisting of 4 dishes was conducted in four different public hospitals in Ankara, the capital of Türkiye. Mean adequacy ratio (MAR) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) were used to examine the sufficiency of nutrients and meals. Results: For all the hospitals, MAR value was found higher than %85. However, nutrient adequacy ratio of dietary fiber, calcium and magnesium were lower than the other nutrients. It was determined that total fat, saturated fat, salt and cholesterol (except hospital D) contents were high according to the recommended values. Nevertheless, these fixed menus supplied 75% daily fiber on average. Hospital A and D menus met calcium requirements by 73% and 67%, respectively. While hospital D menus met magnesium (76%) and potassium (67%) requirements moderately, other hospitals approached 100% sufficiency for potassium. It is remarkable that in all the hospitals the amount of fruits seemed very low, up to 34%. Conclusion: As the hospital meal is an essential part of in-patients’ institutional care and nutritional support, the nutrient contents of menus should be monitored for nutritional requirements and, if necessary, there should be initiatives and arrangements in standard recipes to reduce salt and fat contents.
- Published
- 2024
36. Search for the anomalous quartic gauge couplings through $Z\gamma$ production at $e^{-} e^{+}$ colliders
- Author
-
Köksal, M.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
Spontaneous breaking of the $SU(2)_{L}\times U(1)_{Y}$ electroweak symmetry of the Standard Model (SM) sets the constraints on triple gauge couplings and quartic gauge couplings. Therefore, the measurement of multiboson production in $e^{-} e^{+}$ collisions allows us to directly examine the SM predictions and perform indirect investigations of new physics beyond the SM. In this paper, we concentrate the process $e^{-} e^{+} \to e^{-} Z\gamma e^{+}$ with $Z$ boson decaying to neutrinos to investigate the anomalous quartic gauge couplings using the effective Lagrangian approach at the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). We obtain the sensitivities on the anomalous $ f_ {Ti}/\Lambda^4$ ($i=0,2,5,6,7,8,9$) couplings taking into account the systematic uncertainties of $3, 5 \%$ at $95\%$ Confidence Level for the CLIC with $\sqrt{s}=3$ TeV. Our results show that the sensitivities on some anomalous couplings without systematic errors are up to two orders of magnitude better than the current experimental limits. Considering a realistic systematic uncertainty such as $5 \%$ from possible experimental sources, the sensitivity of all anomalous quartic couplings gets worse by about $10\%$ compared to those without systematic uncertainty for the CLIC., Comment: 23 Pages, 10 Figures, 2 Tables
- Published
- 2023
37. Language-Agnostic Bias Detection in Language Models with Bias Probing
- Author
-
Köksal, Abdullatif, Yalcin, Omer Faruk, Akbiyik, Ahmet, Kilavuz, M. Tahir, Korhonen, Anna, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Pretrained language models (PLMs) are key components in NLP, but they contain strong social biases. Quantifying these biases is challenging because current methods focusing on fill-the-mask objectives are sensitive to slight changes in input. To address this, we propose a bias probing technique called LABDet, for evaluating social bias in PLMs with a robust and language-agnostic method. For nationality as a case study, we show that LABDet `surfaces' nationality bias by training a classifier on top of a frozen PLM on non-nationality sentiment detection. We find consistent patterns of nationality bias across monolingual PLMs in six languages that align with historical and political context. We also show for English BERT that bias surfaced by LABDet correlates well with bias in the pretraining data; thus, our work is one of the few studies that directly links pretraining data to PLM behavior. Finally, we verify LABDet's reliability and applicability to different templates and languages through an extensive set of robustness checks. We publicly share our code and dataset in https://github.com/akoksal/LABDet., Comment: EMNLP 2023 Findings
- Published
- 2023
38. High Chern numbers in a perovskite-derived dice lattice (La$X$O$_3$)$_3$/(LaAlO$_3$)$_3$(111) with $X=$ Ti, Mn and Co
- Author
-
Köksal, Okan, Li, L. L., and Pentcheva, Rossitza
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The dice lattice, containing a stack of three triangular lattices, has been proposed to exhibit nontrivial flat bands with nonzero Chern numbers, but unlike the honeycomb lattice it is much less studied. By employing density-functional theory (DFT) calculations with an on-site Coulomb repulsion term, we explore systematically the electronic and topological properties of (La$X$O$_3$)$_3$/(LaAlO$_3$)$_3$(111) superlattices with $X=$ Ti, Mn and Co, where a LaAlO$_3$ trilayer spacer confines the La$X$O$_3$ (L$X$O) dice lattice. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) with symmetry constrained to P3, the ferromagnetic (FM) phase of the L$X$O(111) trilayers exhibits a distinct spin-polarized half-metallic state with multiple Dirac crossings and coupled electron-hole pockets around the Fermi energy. Symmetry lowering induces a significant rearrangement of bands and triggers a metal-to-insulator transition. Inclusion of SOC leads to a substantial anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) around the Fermi energy reaching values up to $\sim-3e^2/h$ for $X=$ Mn and Co in P3 symmetry and both in- and out-of-plane magnetization directions in the first case and along [001] in the latter. The dice lattice emerges as a promising playground to realise nontrivial topological phases with high Chern numbers., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures
- Published
- 2023
39. Observational study of immunosuppressive treatment patterns and outcomes in primary membranous nephropathy: a multicenter retrospective analysis
- Author
-
Artan, Ayşe Serra, Mirioğlu, Şafak, Hocaoğlu, Rabia Hacer, Turgutalp, Kenan, Güllülü Boz, Saide Elif, Eren, Necmi, Dinçer, Mevlüt Tamer, Uzun, Sami, Şahin, Gülizar, Kutlay, Sim, Cevher, Şimal Köksal, Dheir, Hamad, Yılmaz, Mürvet, Baştürk, Taner, Tatar, Erhan, Kurultak, İlhan, Öztürk, Ramazan, Arıkan, Hakkı, Yadigar, Serap, Tunca, Onur, Türkmen, Kültigin, Elçioğlu, Ömer Celal, Kaya, Bülent, Karakan, Şebnem, Ayar, Yavuz, Gül, Cuma Bülent, Yazıcı, Halil, and Öztürk, Savaş
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Exploring of biological activity and diverse metabolites in hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil by GC/MS, GC–FID, and LC–HRMS chromatographies
- Author
-
Gulcin, İlhami, Ozden, Eda Mehtap, Mutlu, Muzaffer, Mirzaee, Ziba, Bingol, Zeynebe, Köksal, Ekrem, Alwasel, Saleh, and Goren, Ahmet C.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Dental students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors, physical activity levels and social media use: cross sectional study
- Author
-
Serdar Eymirli, Pınar, Mustuloğlu, Şeyma, Köksal, Eda, Turgut, Melek Dilek, and Uzamiş Tekçiçek, Meryem
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Evaluation of “Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools” (CBITS) in child welfare programs in Germany: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
- Author
-
Pfeiffer, Elisa, Dörrie, Loni, Köksal, Jessica, Krech, Fabienne, Muche, Rainer, Segler, Jacob, and Sachser, Cedric
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Current practices of craniospinal irradiation techniques in Turkey: a comprehensive dosimetric analysis
- Author
-
Şenkesen, Öznur, Tezcanlı, Evrim, Alkaya, Fadime, İspir, Burçin, Çatlı, Serap, Yeşil, Abdullah, Bezirganoglu, Ebrar, Turan, Sezgi, Köksal, Canan, Güray, Gülay, Hacıislamoğlu, Emel, Durmuş, İsmail Faruk, Çavdar, Şeyma, Aksu, Telat, Çolak, Nurten, Küçükmorkoç, Esra, Doğan, Mustafa, Ercan, Tülay, Karaköse, Fatih, Alpan, Vildan, Ceylan, Cemile, Poyraz, Gökhan, Nalbant, Nilgül, Kınay, Şeyda, İpek, Servet, Kayalılar, Namık, Tatlı, Hamza, and Zhu, Mingyao
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The Resurgence of Enforced Disappearances in the Aftermath of the July 15, 2016 Failed Coup Attempt in Turkey: A Systematic Analysis of Human Rights Violations
- Author
-
Avincan, Köksal
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Insights from 3D modeling and fluid dynamics in COVID-19 pneumonia
- Author
-
Gökcan, M. Kürşat, Kurtuluş, D. Funda, Aypak, Adalet, Köksal, Murathan, and Ökten, Sarper R.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. LongForm: Effective Instruction Tuning with Reverse Instructions
- Author
-
Köksal, Abdullatif, Schick, Timo, Korhonen, Anna, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Instruction tuning enables language models to more effectively generalize and better follow user intent. However, obtaining instruction data is costly and challenging. Prior work employs methods such as expensive human annotation, crowd-sourced datasets with alignment issues, and generating noisy examples via LLMs. We introduce the LongForm-C dataset, which is created by reverse instructions. We generate instructions via LLMs for human-written corpus examples using reverse instructions. First we select a diverse set of human-written documents from corpora such as C4 and Wikipedia; then we generate instructions for these documents via LLMs. This approach provides a cheaper and cleaner instruction-tuning dataset with natural output and one suitable for long text generation. Our models outperform 10x larger language models without instruction tuning on tasks such as story/recipe generation and long-form question answering. Moreover, LongForm models outperform prior instruction-tuned models such as FLAN-T5 and Alpaca by a large margin, and improve language understanding capabilities further. We publicly release our data and models: https://github.com/akoksal/LongForm., Comment: EMNLP 2024 Findings. This version extends the training with recent LLMs, evaluation with new metrics, and NLU tasks
- Published
- 2023
47. Sociocultural knowledge is needed for selection of shots in hate speech detection tasks
- Author
-
Maronikolakis, Antonis, Köksal, Abdullatif, and Schütze, Hinrich
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
We introduce HATELEXICON, a lexicon of slurs and targets of hate speech for the countries of Brazil, Germany, India and Kenya, to aid training and interpretability of models. We demonstrate how our lexicon can be used to interpret model predictions, showing that models developed to classify extreme speech rely heavily on target words when making predictions. Further, we propose a method to aid shot selection for training in low-resource settings via HATELEXICON. In few-shot learning, the selection of shots is of paramount importance to model performance. In our work, we simulate a few-shot setting for German and Hindi, using HASOC data for training and the Multilingual HateCheck (MHC) as a benchmark. We show that selecting shots based on our lexicon leads to models performing better on MHC than models trained on shots sampled randomly. Thus, when given only a few training examples, using our lexicon to select shots containing more sociocultural information leads to better few-shot performance.
- Published
- 2023
48. Search for the electromagnetic properties of the neutrinos at the HL-LHC and the FCC-hh
- Author
-
Köksal, M., Senol, A., and Denizli, H.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings parametrized with the non-standard dimension-seven operators defined by the Effective Field Theory framework are investigated through the process $pp\to \nu\bar{\nu}\gamma$ at the High Luminosity-LHC and the Future Circular proton-proton Collider. The effective Lagrangian of $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings is implemented into FeynRules to generate a UFO module inserted into Madgraph to generate both background and signal events. These events are then passed through Pythia 8 for parton showering and Delphes to include realistic detector effects. The sensitivities on $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings are obtained at $95\%$ confidence level. We show that the analysis of the signal emerging from the process $pp\to \nu\bar{\nu}\gamma$ allows to improve constraints on $\nu\bar{\nu}\gamma \gamma$ couplings given by the LEP collaboration., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Search for the anomalous $ZZZ$ and $ZZ\gamma$ gauge couplings through the process $e^+e^- \to ZZ $ with unpolarized and polarized beams
- Author
-
Cetinkaya, V., Spor, S., Gurkanli, E., and Köksal, M.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
This work offers the constraints on the anomalous neutral triple gauge couplings for the process $e^+e^- \to ZZ $ at the CLIC with $\sqrt{s}=3$ TeV. The realistic CLIC detector environments and their effects are considered in our analysis. The study is planned for the decays of produced $Z$ bosons to a pair of charged leptons (electrons or muons) and neutrino pairs. The bounds on the anomalous neutral triple gauge couplings defining $CP$-violating $C_{\widetilde{B}W}/{\Lambda^4}$ coupling and three $CP$-conserving $C_{WW}/{\Lambda^4}$, $C_{BW}/{\Lambda^4}$, and $C_{BB}/{\Lambda^4}$ couplings are obtained. Also, the effects and advantages of polarization for incoming electron beams in these calculations are investigated., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Prospective, multicenter, Turkish out-of-hospital cardiac arrest study: TROHCA
- Author
-
Alp Şener, Murat Pekdemir, Mehmet Muzaffer İslam, Ersin Aksay, Sevilay Karahan, Gokhan Aksel, Nurettin Özgür Doğan, Berkant Öztürk, Muhammet Hacımustafaoğlu, Çağrı Türkücü, Serkan Emre Eroğlu, Yusuf Yürümez, Nuray Aslan, Necip Gokhan Güner, Neşe Nur User, Hüseyin Aldemir, Abdullah Sadik Girişgin, Sedat Koçak, Sami Ataman, Ayhan Özhasenekler, Gul Pamukçu Günaydın, Mustafa Burak Sayhan, Ömer Salt, Satuk Bugra Han Bozatlı, Engin Deniz Arslan, Fevzi Yılmaz, Ramazan Sivil, Özlem Köksal, Vahide Aslıhan Durak, Fatma Özdemir, Mahmut Taş, Yenal Karakoç, Öner Avınca, Yunus Emre Arık, Adem Melekoğlu, Özgür Çevrim, Özlem Yiğit, Cem Oktay, Süleyman İbze, Salim Satar, Muge Gülen, Selen Acehan, Erhan Altunbaş, Melis Efeoğlu Saçak, Emir Ünal, Erdem Çevik, Dilay Satılmış, Hande Asan, Yunus Karaca, Melih İmamoğlu, Vildan Özer, Ahmet Demircan, Ayfer Keleş, Gültekin Kadı, Orhan Delice, Sibel Güçlü Utlu, Senol Arslan, Neslihan Yücel, Şükrü Gürbüz, Hüseyin Burak Ayhan, Abdullah Şen, Mahmut Yaman, Müge Günalp, Sinan Genç, Ahmet Baydın, Fatih Çalışkan, Şeyma Arzu Temür, Murat Ersel, Sercan Yalçınlı, Enver Özçete, Bulent Erbil, Elif Ozturk Ince, Mehmet Ali Karaca, Murat Çetin, Mehmet Demirbağ, Mustafa Sabak, and Mustafa Bozkurt
- Subjects
bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation ,cardiopulmonary resuscitation ,out-of-hospital cardiac arrest ,registry ,return of spontaneous circulation ,survival ,survived event ,turkey ,türkiye ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: There is no sufficient data to provide a clear picture of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) across Türkiye. This study is the first to present the prognostic outcomes of OHCA cases and the factors associated with these outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in a prospective, observational, multicenter design under the leadership of the Emergency Medicine Association of Turkey Resuscitation Study Group. OHCA cases aged 18 years and over who were admitted to 28 centers from Türkiye were included in the study. Survived event, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to hospital discharge, and neurological outcome at discharge were investigated as primary outcomes. RESULTS: One thousand and three patients were included in the final analysis. 61.1% of the patients were male, and the average age was 67.0 ± 15.2. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed on 86.5% of the patients in the prehospital period by emergency medical service, and bystander CPR was performed on only 2.9% by nonhealth-care providers. As a result, the survived event rate was found to be 6.9%. The survival rate upon hospital discharge was 4.4%, with 2.7% of patients achieving a good neurological outcome upon discharge. In addition, the overall ROSC and sustained ROSC rates were 45.2% and 33.4%, respectively. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, male gender, initial shockable rhythm, a shorter prehospital duration of CPR, and the lack of CPR requirement in the emergency department were determined to be independent predictors for the survival to hospital discharge. CONCLUSION: Compared to global data, survival to hospital discharge and good neurological outcome rates appear to be lower in our study. We conclude that this result is related to low bystander CPR rates. Although not the focus of this study, inadequate postresuscitative care and intensive care support should also be discussed in this regard. It is obvious that this issue should be carefully addressed through political moves in the health and social fields.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.