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Objectives: To establish a prospective cohort for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and to identify their clinical features compared to those without ILD. Methods: With a multidisciplinary collaborative approach, a single-centre cohort for RA patients with ILD (RA-ILD) was established in May 2017, and enrolment data from May 2017 to March 2021 was used to compare the clinical features of RA patients without ILD (RA-non ILD). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with ILD in RA patients. Results: Among 148 RA-ILD patients and 410 RA-non ILD patients, the RA-ILD group were older (65.8 ± 9.9 vs. 58.0 ± 10.4 years, P < 0.001) and included more males (35.8% vs. 14.6%, P < 0.001) than the RA-non ILD group. The RA-ILD group had a higher proportion of late-onset RA patients (age ≥ 60 years) than in comparators (43.9% vs. 14.2%, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that higher age at RA onset (OR 1.056, 95% CI 1.021-1.091), higher body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.036-2.629), smoking history (OR 2.484, 95% CI 1.071-5.764), and oral glucocorticoid use (OR 3.562, 95% CI 2.160-5.874) were associated with ILD in RA patients, whereas methotrexate use was less likely to coexist with ILD (OR 0.253, 95% CI 0.155-0.412). Conclusions: Higher RA onset age, smoking history, and higher BMI were associated with presence of ILD among RA patients. Oral glucocorticoids were more frequently used whereas methotrexate was less likely to be used in RA-ILD patients.

Jisun Lee, Juyeon Kang, Hyun Jung Lee Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Hyun Jung Lee, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130, Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea, Tel +821035328741, Fax +82534237905, Email hyunjunglee@knu.ac.krObjective: Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASRM) classification for endometriosis is considered to have limited ability to predict fertility after surgery. This study evaluated the effect of surgical findings described by the rASRM classification on postoperative change in serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in endometriosis.Study Design: We retrospectively analyzed 112 patients with endometrioma who underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. The ovarian score was defined as the sum of the endometrioma score from the size and depth of endometrioma and the adhesion score from the extent and types of ovarian adhesion described in the rASRM classification. The ovarian score was correlated with the AMH levels before surgery (AMH0), 3 (AMH3), and 6 months (AMH6) after surgery. To design a model for predicting AMH6, using ovarian score and AMH0, we calculated the unstandardized predictive value of AMH6/AMH0 (UPV) by linear regression analysis. The predicted AMH6 (pAMH6) could be calculated by multiplying the UPV by AMH0. When AMH6 is less than 1.0 ng/mL, it was defined as a poor ovarian reserve group (PORG), and the accuracy of the predictive model was validated.Results: The level of AMH declined more in rASRM stage IV compared to stage III after surgery. The ovarian score had a significant variable in the linear regression analysis with the ratio of AMH6/AMH0 (p = 0.001). The UPV was correlated with ovarian score negatively. The pAMH6 correlated with AMH6 positively and with age negatively. The pAMH6 showed sensitivity 0.564, specificity 0.909, positive predictive rate 0.786, and negative predictive rate 0.800 in the prediction of PORG (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The pAMH6 predicted the PORG at 6 months after surgery. Based on the results of our study, the surgical findings, including the size and depth of the endometrioma and extent and types of adhesion could be useful indicators for ovarian reserve after surgery.Keywords: endometrioma, anti-Müllerian hormone, ovarian reserve, cystectomy, revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASRM) classification

Organic/inorganic hybrid materials are utilized extensively as gate dielectric layers in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). However, inherently low dielectric constant of organic materials and lack of a reliable deposition process for organic layers hamper the broad application of hybrid dielectric materials. Here, a universal strategy to synthesize high-k hybrid dielectric materials by incorporating a high-k polymer layer on top of various inorganic layers generated by different fabrication methods, including AlO

We synthesized [6,6,6]- and [6,6,7]-tricyclic compounds via intramolecular [4+2] cycloaddition by gold or copper catalysts. Substrates for cyclization were prepared by coupling reactions between eight types of diyne and four types of aromatic moieties. We have successfully synthesized eleven tricyclic compounds.

Objectives To evaluate the risks of overall and site-specific malignancies in Korean patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). Methods Using the Korean nationwide healthcare claims database, we constructed a retrospective cohort for prevalent pSS aged over 50 years. After enrollment between January 2012 and December 2014, patients were followed until the development of any malignancy, or until December 2015. Crude incidence rates of malignancies of pSS patients were calculated, and their standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for malignancies were calculated compared to those in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Results A total of 6,359 pSS and 5,476,302 knee OA patients were included in this study. During follow-up (19,474 person-years [PYs]), 310 cases of solid malignancy (158.8/10,000 PYs) and 47 cases of hematologic malignancies (23.5/10,000 PYs) were observed in pSS patients. The risks of overall (SIR 1.30, 95% CI 1.16-1.43), solid (SIR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03-1.29), and hematologic malignancies (SIR 4.80, 95% CI 3.43-6.17) were increased in pSS patients. There was an elevated risk of site-specific malignancy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, SIR 6.45, 95% CI 4.05-8.83), multiple myeloma (SIR 4.88, 95% CI 2.00-7.76), and oropharynx (SIR 4.16, 95% CI 1.90-6.42). The risk of lung cancer was increased only in male pSS patients (2.50, 95% CI 1.02-3.99), while the risk of thyroid cancer was increased in female patients (1.44, 95% CI 1.04, 1.84). Conclusion In patients with pSS over age 50, the risk of solid cancers such as oropharynx, thyroid, and lung cancers is also increased in addition to NHL.

Bertolotti’s syndrome is the part of lumbosacral transitional vertebra and is a congenital anomaly of the axial spine. The syndrome is associated with changes in the sacrum or iliac crest and secondary arthritis and is often mistaken for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The mechanism of pain in this disease is unclear, and treatments have not been accurately established. Here, we report two cases of Bertolotti’s syndrome in patients with severe back pain who were initially suspected to have AS and required interventional procedures. The two young adult patients developed symptoms similar to those of inflammatory back pain, and their symptoms did not improve with conventional treatment alone. Both patients underwent interventional management, and the symptoms improved. It may be clinically helpful to confirm the presence of Bertolotti’s syndrome in patients with suspected AS, and interventional therapy may be required in some cases. (J Rheum Dis 2020;27:209-212)

A practical and efficient approach for the total synthesis of arucadiol and 1-oxomiltirone is reported. The key step which involves an intramolecular [4+2] cycloaddition catalyzed by gold(III) bromide or copper(II) triflate leads to the formation of 6-6-6-fused aromatic abietane core.

Document processing is a foundational pre-processing task in natural language application applied in the financial domain. In this paper, we present the result of FinSBD-3, the 3rd shared task on Structure Boundary Detection in unstructured text in the financial domain. The shared task is organized as part of the 1st Workshop on Financial Technology on the Web. Participants were asked to create system detecting the boundaries of elements in unstructured text extracted from financial PDF. This edition extends the previous shared tasks by adding boundaries of visual elements such as tables, figures, page headers and page footers; on top of sentences, lists and list items which were already present in previous edition of the shared tasks.

The FinSim-2 is a second edition of FinSim Shared Task on Learning Semantic Similarities for the Financial Domain, colocated with the FinWeb workshop. FinSim-2 proposed the challenge to automatically learn effective and precise semantic models for the financial domain. The second edition of the FinSim offered an enriched dataset in terms of volume and quality, and interested in systems which make creative use of relevant resources such as ontologies and lexica, as well as systems which make use of contextual word embeddings such as BERT[4]. Going beyond the mere representation of words is a key step to industrial applications that make use of Natural Language Processing (NLP). This is typically addressed using either unsupervised corpus-derived representations like word embeddings, which are typically opaque to human understanding but very useful in NLP applications or manually created resources such as taxonomies and ontologies, which typically have low coverage and contain inconsistencies, but provide a deeper understanding of the target domain. Finsim is inspired from previous endeavours in the Semeval community, which organized several competitions on semantic/lexical relation extraction between concepts/words. This year, 18 system runs were submitted by 7 teams and systems were ranked according to 2 metrics, Accuracy and Mean rank. All the systems beat our baseline 1 model by over 15 points and the best systems beat the baseline 2 by over 1 ∼ 3 points in accuracy.

Rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection of NADH, NADH-dependent enzymes, and relevant metabolites requires a redox enzyme along with an electron mediator. Preferably, the redox enzyme should be immobilized on electrode rather than dissolved in solution. In this study, to simply immobilize a redox enzyme on electrode and maintain its enzymatic activity for long time, thermostable DT-diaphorase (DT-D) is immobilized on an avidin-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Electrochemical-enzymatic (EN) redox cycling involving ITO electrode, ferrocenemethanol (FcMeOH), DT-D, and NADH is employed for NADH detection. Electrochemical-enzymatic-enzymatic (ENN) redox cycling involving ITO electrode, FcMeOH, DT-D, NAD+, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lactate is employed for LDH detection. In both cases, a new combination of a redox enzyme and an electron mediator (DT-D and FcMeOH) is used. The detection limits for NADH and LDH in artificial serum obtained without an incubation period are approximately 0.2 μM and 8 ng/mL, respectively. When an incubation period of 10 min is employed, the detection limit for LDH is approximately 5 ng/mL. Because the ENN redox cycling is very fast, the two detection limits are similar irrespective of incubation period. The enzymatic activity of DT-D on ITO electrode is maintained for one month without deactivation.

Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characteristically male-predominant, and progressive spinal ankylosis affects male patients more severely; however, the hormonal effects in males with AS are poorly understood. Methods In the present study, the regulatory effects of dutasteride, a 5-α reductase inhibitor that blocks the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), were examined in curdlan-administered male SKG mice to determine spinal bone formation, bone metabolism-related markers, and interleukin (IL)-17A cytokine and T cell populations. In addition, the effects of DHT on primary osteoprogenitors from the facet joints of AS patients were assessed based on osteoblast-related parameters. DHT level was measured, and the correlation with modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS) was analyzed in AS patients. Results In curdlan-administered SKG mice, dutasteride treatment resulted in an increased accumulation of hydroxyapatite in the spine which was positively correlated with serum IL-17A levels. In the analysis of bone metabolism-related molecules, a decrease in sclerostin levels was observed in the sera in the dutasteride group. Continuous exposure to DHT resulted in fewer calcium deposits in AS osteoprogenitors during osteoblast differentiation. DHT-treated AS osteoprogenitors showed decreased osteocalcin and increased DKK1 and SOST1 mRNA expression, supporting the results of the in vivo experiments. Treatment with dutasteride upregulated bone formation in the spine of curdlan-administered SKG mice and DHT treatment downregulated osteoblast differentiation in vitro. Conclusions Treatment with dutasteride affected the bone formation in the spine of curdlan-treated SKG mice, and DHT treatment attenuated osteoblast differentiation in vitro. Therefore, contrary to what could be expected if osteoblasts contributed to spinal ankylosis, DHT inhibition might increase rather than decrease the progression of spinal ankylosis despite the higher levels of DHT observed in many AS patients.

Block copolymer (BCP) lithography is an effective nanopatterning methodology exploiting nanoscale self-assembled periodic patterns in BCP thin films. This approach has a critical limitation for nonplanar substrate geometry arising from the reflow and modification of BCP films upon the thermal or solvent annealing process, which is inevitable to induce the mobility of BCP chains for the self-assembly process. Herein, reflow-free, 3D BCP nanopatterning is demonstrated by introducing a conformally grown adlayer by the initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) process. A highly cross-linked poly(divinylbenzene) layer was deposited directly onto the BCP thin film surface by iCVD, which effectively prevented the reflow of BCP thin film during an annealing process. BCP nanopatterns could be stabilized on various substrate geometry, including a nonplanar deformed polymer substrate, a pyramid shape substrate, and a graphene fiber surface. A fiber-type hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst is suggested by stabilizing lamellar Pt nanopatterns on severely rough graphene fiber surfaces.

International audience; System specifications are generally organized according to several documents hierarchies levels linked in order to represent the traceability information. Requirements engineering experts verify manually the links between each specification which allows to generate a traceability matrix. The purpose of this paper is to automatize the generation of the traceability matrix since it is a time consuming and costly task. We propose an artificial intelligence based approach to deal with this problem through a clustering approach. This latter is an unsupervised algorithm that doesn't need any prior knowledge on the language neither the domain of the specifications. Our approach generates duplicates and clusters containing linked requirements. We experiment our approach in an aeronautic domain and a space domain. We obtain better results for high level specifications especially with a pre-processing.

AIM Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) causes irreversible damage to organ systems. Recently, evidence has been obtained for subphenotypes of SLE. This study aimed to identify damage clusters and compare the associated clinical manifestations, SLE disease activity, mortality, and genetic risk scores (GRS). METHODS The study was conducted on the Hanyang BAE lupus cohort. Patients with disease duration

Background Damage in SLE is an irreversible change of organ system results from SLE involvement or adverse effects of medications. Recently, the awareness and evidence of subphenotypes in SLE has been increased. In this study, thus we are to identify damage clusters and compare organ damage involvement, demographic and clinical manifestations, mortality and weighted genetic risk score (GRS) between clusters. Methods The study was conducted from Hanyang Bae lupus Cohort. Patients whose disease duration is less than 5 years were excluded to minimize potential confounding effects of disease duration. Patients were grouped into 3 clusters based on SLICC Damage Index (SDI) at last follow-up visit using K-mean cluster analysis. Comparison of characteristics between clusters were performed using ANOVA and Chi-square test. Results A total number of 1130 patients were analyzed. Both the last follow-up visit, musculoskeletal damage was the most frequent damage domain followed by ocular, renal and neuropsychiatric damage. Three separate damage clusters were identified. Cluster 1 included 824 (72.9%) of patients. None of patients in cluster 1 was accompanied by ocular, neuropsychiatric, renal damage and premature gonadal failure. Patients in cluster 1 had significantly less pulmonary damage than cluster 3, significantly less diabetes mellitus than cluster 2, and significantly less musculoskeletal damage than two the other clusters. Cluster 2 (n=195, 17.3%) was represented by prevalent ocular (58.0%) and renal (55.4%) damage. Patients in cluster 2 had significantly more ocular, renal damage than two the other clusters. All the patients of cluster 3 (n=111, 9.8%) was accompanied by neuropsychiatric damage (100%). Patients in cluster 3 had significantly more musculoskeletal (35.1%) damage than two the other clusters. Age of SLE diagnosis and autoantibody positivity were similar among 3 clusters. Adjusted mean SLEDAI (AMS) was highest in cluster 2 (Mean ±SD, 6.7±4.8), and mortality was highest in cluster 3. Weighted GRS showed no significant difference between clusters. Conclusions We classified patients by patterns of damage involvement (damage cluster) within a SLE cohort. Renal and neuropsychiatric damage were the two distinct domain of damage that classified patients into 3 clinically meaningful clusters. Patients in cluster 2 (prevalent renal and glucocorticoid associated damage) had the highest AMS. The highest mortality was recognized in cluster with prevalent neuropsychiatric damage. Therefore, we should be attentive to prevent renal and neuropsychiatric damage to improve the survival. Funding Source(s): Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics between damage clusters

Background:With the promising efficacy and the prevalent use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) agents in managing AS, the risk for reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) still is a concern. Although guidelines include the screening and treatment of LTBI prior to the initiation of anti-TNF agent by QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) or tuberculin test, there is a lack of evidence whether treatment of LTBI before initiation of anti-TNF agent may reduce the risk of reactivation to the same as LTBI patient without anti-TNF agent or anti-TNF agent users without LTBI. Furthermore, evidence on the need for follow-up testing and the association between seroconversion and the development of active tuberculosis is also limited.Objectives:This study aims to investigate the real-world impact of QFT-G test on the development of active tuberculosis in patients with AS.Methods:This retrospective study investigated 2,930 patients who had a diagnosis of AS and conducted QFT-G testing during the period of March 1998 to June 2019. 191 patients with history of treatment for LTBI or acute tuberculosis prior to the first QFT-G test and 157 patients whose hospital visits or prescription was less than 3 were excluded. Observational period was defined from the firs QFT-G test to the last hospital visit of development of active tuberculosis. The screening for development of active tuberculosis was conducted by reviewing the diagnosis, prescription of anti-tuberculosis medication, chest images and electronic medical record. Treatment of LTBI was defined when a patient was prescribed isoniazid for at least 220 for 12 months, rifampin for at least 90 days for 6 months, or concurrently prescribed isoniazid and rifampin for at least 70 days for 4 months. Wilcoxon rank-sum test, chi-square test and cox-proportional hazard analysis were performed.Results:A total of 2687 patients (median age 32.7 years, 78.4% male, anti-TNF agent user 16.7%) were included. Baseline QFT-G was positive in 426 (20.3%) patients, and 15 active tuberculosis was observed [Incidence rate 1.5/1000 person years (PY)]. Compared with baseline QFT-G (-) patients, baseline QFT-G (+) patients were older (41.2 years vs. 31.3 years, pThen we conducted subgroup analysis on 965 patients with baseline QFT-G (-) and follow-up QFT-G tests. Seroconversion was documented in 65 patients (6.7%). Active tuberculosis was observed in 4 patients, and seroconversion was occurred before the development of active tuberculosis in all patients. The incidence of active tuberculosis in seroconversion patients were 10.5/1000PY.Conclusion:QFT-G (+) and QFT-G seroconversion is associated with increased risk of the development of active tuberculosis in patients with AS.Figure 1.Overview of patient flowDisclosure of Interests:None declared

Because it is associated with mortality, hyponatremia is an important feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Its mechanisms remain unclear, although right heart failure resulting from pulmonary arterial hypertension may lead to systemic congestion and arterial underfilling. However, most patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension are clinically euvolemic and have no peripheral edema. Unlike patients with underlying heart disease, neurohumoral activation is not demonstrated in hyponatremic patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, who show features of congestive heart failure only at later stages in their disease. Here, a case vignette is introduced, and the pathophysiology of hyponatremia in pulmonary arterial hypertension will be discussed. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) appears to underlie hyponatremia in the initial phase of pulmonary arterial hypertension. The mechanisms by which various lung diseases can lead to SIAD remain an enigma.

Background IL-37 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which belongs to IL-1 cytokine superfamily. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) also had a higher serum IL-37 concentration than controls, and were also associated with other inflammatory markers such as CRP, ESR, and BASDAI levels.1 However, the relationship between serum IL-37 and disease activity after anti-TNF treatment has not been reported. Objectives To investigate the association of serum IL-37 level with disease activity in AS patients who were treated with infliximab. Methods Patients were recruited from the PLANETAS study (NCT01220518). Patients with active AS were treated with CT-P13 or infliximab originator. The serum levels of IL-37 were measured at week 0 and week 30 with specific ELISA. Other demographic, laboratory and clinical variables were evaluated simultaneously. Results Fifty patients with active AS (BASDAI >4) were analysed. The median age of patients was 40 years old [Interquartile range (IQR), 33.8–49.5), and the median BASDAI score was 6.7 (IQR 5.3–7.9). Compared to baseline, all measured clinical and laboratory parameters and serum IL-37 were significantly reduced. There was a statistically significant correlation between IL-37 and CRP, BASDAI at baseline, but not at week 30. Additionally, the differences (Δ) of parameters at baseline and at week 30 were assessed on their associations with other disease activity parameters. Delta IL-37 was significantly correlated with ΔCRP, ΔBASFI and ΔBASDAI. The ROC curves of serum biomarkers for ASAS 20 achievement revealed that AUC value for ΔIL-37 (AUC=0.74) was similar with ΔESR (AUC=0.71, p=0.64) and superior than ΔCRP (AUC=0.54, p Conclusions Serum IL-37 levels are associated with BASDAI, patient’s pain score, and CRP in active AS patients. Change in serum IL-37 level may serve as an efficient biomarker predicting the improvement of BASDAI and the achievement of ASAS 20 and 40 after anti-TNF treatment in AS patients. Reference [1] Chen B, Huang K, Ye L, et al. Interleukin-37 is increased in ankylosing spondylitis patients and associated with disease activity. J Transl Med2015;13:36. Disclosure of Interest None declared

Background Adult onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is an inflammatory disorder which was associated with varying level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the role of natural anti-inflammatory molecules has not been evaluated to date. Interleukin (IL) 1 cytokine family is closely related to clinical presentations, disease activity and thus is a target for treatment of AOSD. IL-36 receptor antagonist (Ra) is an anti-inflammatory molecule, but its clinical significance has not been studied in AOSD patients. Objectives To figure out the role of IL-36Ra in monitoring disease activity in patients with AOSD. Methods The number of 49 AOSD patients meeting Yamaguchi criteria were recruited. Each patient was serially monitored following clinical course of flare and remission, which presented at least 2 points of change in modified Pouchot’s score. They were divided into two groups by clinical courses, which were predominant systemic symptoms or arthritis. We compared erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin as disease activity markers between flare and remission. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, IL-18, IL-37, and IL-36Ra were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in each clinical state of AOSD patients. Results Forty-nine patients with AOSD were included in this study; 40 were women (81.6%) and 9 were men (18.3%), with mean age of 49.08±14.17 years old. The mean duration of follow-up was 6.44±3.87 years, and mean difference of modified Pouchot’s score was 5.37±1.98 between remission and flare. The number of 33 (67.4%) patients had presented systemic symptoms predominantly, while 16 (32.7%) presented arthritis more frequently in their clinical course. In flare state of AOSD, overall inflammatory markers were elevated, including cytokines of IL-18 and IL-37. The serum level of IL-36Ra was 164.04±169.03 pg/mL in active state, compared to 125.36±452.0 in inactive state of AOSD patients (p Conclusions Serum IL-36Ra level was significantly increased in active AOSD patients compared to inactive AOSD patients, presenting positive correlation with other inflammatory markers. In patients with AOSD, level of IL-36Ra might be another potential serologic marker to estimate disease activity, especially active state of the disease. Disclosure of Interest None declared